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Trushkevych O, Turvey M, Billson DR, Watson R, Hutchins DA, Edwards RS. Acoustic field visualisation using local absorption of ultrasound and thermochromic liquid crystals. Ultrasonics 2024; 140:107300. [PMID: 38537517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Acoustic field and vibration visualisation is important in a wide range of applications. Laser vibrometry is often used for such visualisation, however, the equipment has a high cost and requires significant user expertise, and the method can be slow, as it requires scanning point by point. Here we suggest a different approach to visualisation of acoustic fields in the kHz - MHz range, using paint-on or removable film sensors, which produce a direct visual map of ultrasound displacement. The sensors are based on a film containing thermochromic liquid crystals (TLC), along with a backing/underlay layer which improves absorption of ultrasound. The absorption generates heat, which can be seen by a change in colour of the TLC film. A removable sensor is used to visualise the resonant modes of an air-coupled flexural transducer operated from 410 kHz to 7.23 MHz, and to visualise 40 kHz standing waves in a Perspex plate. The thermal basis of the visualisation is confirmed using thermal imaging. The speed and cost of visualisation makes the new sensor attractive for use in condition monitoring, for fast assessment of transducer quality, or for analysis of acoustic field distribution in power ultrasonic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Trushkevych
- School of Engineering University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - M Turvey
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - D R Billson
- School of Engineering University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - R Watson
- School of Engineering University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - D A Hutchins
- School of Engineering University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - R S Edwards
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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2
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Schnepp Z, Watson R. Making chemistry accessible for learners with vision impairment. Commun Chem 2023; 6:232. [PMID: 37891403 PMCID: PMC10611797 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Schnepp
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B152TT, UK.
| | - Robyn Watson
- Bolton Sensory Support Service, Thomasson Memorial School, Devonshire Road, Bolton, BL1 4PJ, UK
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Loveland P, Eratne D, Holper S, Yassi N, Watson R. From CoNFLict to Confidence: Solving a Diagnostic Dilemma Using Neurofilament Light – A Case Report. EMJ 2023. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/10300573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Distinguishing neurodegenerative from primary psychiatric conditions is often challenging for clinicians, particularly when assessing older people presenting with neuropsychiatric symptoms. Measurement of fluid biomarkers of neurodegeneration is an emerging approach offering improved diagnostic accuracy. This report explores the use of emerging fluid biomarkers to address diagnostic challenges, framed around a case where the diagnosis of delirium with dementia was revised based on biomarker analysis, enabling treatment of a primary mood disorder with disabling psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.M. Loveland
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - D. Eratne
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Neuropsychiatry, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Psychiatry & Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; National Dementia Diagnostics Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia
| | - S. Holper
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - N. Yassi
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - R. Watson
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia; Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Zadran B, Sudhindar PD, Wainwright D, Bury Y, Luli S, Howarth R, McCain MV, Watson R, Huet H, Palinkas F, Berlinguer-Palmini R, Casement J, Mann DA, Oakley F, Lunec J, Reeves H, Faulkner GJ, Shukla R. Impact of retrotransposon protein L1 ORF1p expression on oncogenic pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma: the role of cytoplasmic PIN1 upregulation. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1236-1248. [PMID: 36707636 PMCID: PMC10050422 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02154-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular characterisation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is central to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for the disease. We have previously demonstrated mutagenic consequences of Long-Interspersed Nuclear Element-1 (LINE1s/L1) retrotransposition. However, the role of L1 in HCC, besides somatic mutagenesis, is not well understood. METHODS We analysed L1 expression in the TCGA-HCC RNAseq dataset (n = 372) and explored potential relationships between L1 expression and clinical features. The findings were confirmed by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of an independent human HCC cohort (n = 48) and functional mechanisms explored using in vitro and in vivo model systems. RESULTS We observed positive associations between L1 and activated TGFβ-signalling, TP53 mutation, alpha-fetoprotein and tumour invasion. IHC confirmed a positive association between pSMAD3, a surrogate for TGFβ-signalling status, and L1 ORF1p (P < 0.0001, n = 32). Experimental modulation of L1 ORF1p levels revealed an influence of L1 ORF1p on key hepatocarcinogenesis-related pathways. Reduction in cell migration and invasive capacity was observed upon L1 ORF1 knockdown, both in vitro and in vivo. In particular, L1 ORF1p increased PIN1 cytoplasmic localisation. Blocking PIN1 activity abrogated L1 ORF1p-induced NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response genes while further activated TGFβ-signalling confirming differential alteration of PIN1 activity in cellular compartments by L1 ORF1p. DISCUSSION Our data demonstrate a causal link between L1 ORF1p and key oncogenic pathways mediated by PIN1, presenting a novel therapeutic avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassier Zadran
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Praveen Dhondurao Sudhindar
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Daniel Wainwright
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Yvonne Bury
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Saimir Luli
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Rachel Howarth
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Misti Vanette McCain
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Robyn Watson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Hannah Huet
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Fanni Palinkas
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | | | - John Casement
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Derek A Mann
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fiona Oakley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - John Lunec
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Helen Reeves
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS foundation, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Geoffrey J Faulkner
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, TRI Building, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Ruchi Shukla
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, Tyne and Wear, NE1 8ST, UK.
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Holper S, Watson R, Churilov L, Yates P, Lim YY, Barnham KJ, Yassi N. Protocol of a Phase II Randomized, Multi-Center, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of S-Adenosyl Methionine in Participants with Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia Due to Alzheimer's Disease. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2023; 10:800-809. [PMID: 37874102 PMCID: PMC10186290 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2023.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S-adenosyl methionine (SAMe) is a pivotal metabolite in multiple pathways required for neuronal homeostasis, several of which are compromised in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Correction of the SAMe deficiency that is characteristic of the AD brain may attenuate or prevent pathological processes driving AD-associated neurodegeneration including aberrant tau hyperphosphorylation and DNA hypomethylation. OBJECTIVES The primary aim is to test the hypothesis that daily treatment with 400 mg oral SAMe for 180 days will lead to a greater reduction from baseline in plasma levels of p-tau181 compared to placebo in patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia due to AD. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS This is a phase II, randomized, multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among 60 participants with mild cognitive impairment or dementia due to AD. Participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either SAMe or matching placebo, to be taken as an adjunct to their AD standard of care. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS The primary outcome is change in plasma p-tau181 concentration between baseline and following 180 days of treatment, which will be compared between the active and placebo group. Secondary outcomes are the safety of SAMe administration (incidence of serious adverse events), change from baseline in cognitive performance (as measured by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status), and epigenetic changes in DNA methylation. CONCLUSION Demonstration of effective and safe lowering of plasma p-tau181 with SAMe in this phase II trial would pave the way for an exciting field of translational research and a larger phase III trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Holper
- Sarah Holper, Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G, Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. . Telephone: +61 3 9345 2555. Fax: +61 3 9347 0852
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kiss O, Griffiths C, Wang R, Chien A, Kang S, O’Connor C, Watson R, Langton A. 515 Topical retinoids for the treatment of photoageing in skin of colour. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tsai Y, Langton A, Watson R. 230 Investigating the role of histone deacetylases in human epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Catania G, Pagnucci N, Alvaro R, Cicolini G, Dal Molin A, Lancia L, Lusignani M, Mecugni D, Motta P, Watson R, Hayter M, Napolitano F, Zanini M, Sasso L, Bagnasco A. CN35 Workplace violence against cancer nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A correlational-predictive study. Ann Oncol 2022. [PMCID: PMC9472528 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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9
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Muñoz‐Martínez S, Sapena V, Forner A, Bruix J, Sanduzzi‐Zamparelli M, Ríos J, Bouattour M, El‐Kassas M, Leal CRG, Mocan T, Nault J, Alves RCP, Reeves HL, da Fonseca L, García‐Juárez I, Pinato DJ, Varela M, Alqahtani SA, Alvares‐da‐Silva MR, Bandi JC, Rimassa L, Lozano M, González Santiago JM, Tacke F, Sala M, Anders M, Lachenmayer A, Piñero F, França A, Guarino M, Elvevi A, Cabibbo G, Peck‐Radosavljevic M, Rojas Á, Vergara M, Braconi C, Pascual S, Perelló C, Mello V, Rodríguez‐Lope C, Acevedo J, Villani R, Hollande C, Vilgrain V, Tawheed A, Ferguson Theodoro C, Sparchez Z, Blaise L, Viera‐Alves DE, Watson R, Carrilho FJ, Moctezuma‐Velázquez C, D'Alessio A, Iavarone M, Reig M. Outcome of liver cancer patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: An International, Multicentre, Cohort Study. Liver Int 2022; 42:1891-1901. [PMID: 35608939 PMCID: PMC9347559 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Information about the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in patients with liver cancer is lacking. This study characterizes the outcomes and mortality risk in this population. METHODS Multicentre retrospective, cross-sectional, international study of liver cancer patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection registered between February and December 2020. Clinical data at SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and outcomes were registered. RESULTS Two hundred fifty patients from 38 centres were included, 218 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 32 with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). The median age was 66.5 and 64.5 years, and 84.9% and 21.9% had cirrhosis in the HCC and iCCA cohorts respectively. Patients had advanced cancer stage at SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis in 39.0% of the HCC and 71.9% of the iCCA patients. After a median follow-up of 7.20 (IQR: 1.84-11.24) months, 100 (40%) patients have died, 48% of the deaths were SARS-CoV-2-related. Forty (18.4%) HCC patients died within 30-days. The death rate increase was significantly different according to the BCLC stage (6.10% [95% CI 2.24-12.74], 11.76% [95% CI 4.73-22.30], 20.69% [95% CI 11.35-31.96] and 34.52% [95% CI 17.03-52.78] for BCLC 0/A, B, C and D, respectively; p = .0017). The hazard ratio was 1.45 (95% CI 0.49-4.31; p = .5032) in BCLC-B versus 0/A, and 3.13 (95% CI 1.29-7.62; p = .0118) in BCLC-C versus 0/A in the competing risk Cox regression model. Nineteen out of 32 iCCA (59.4%) died, and 12 deaths were related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest cohort of liver cancer patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. It characterizes the 30-day mortality risk of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients with HCC during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Muñoz‐Martínez
- Unitat d'Oncologia hepàtica, Liver Unit, Hospital ClínicBarcelonaSpain
- BCLC group, IDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
- CIBEREHDBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Victor Sapena
- Unitat d'Oncologia hepàtica, Liver Unit, Hospital ClínicBarcelonaSpain
- BCLC group, IDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
- Medical Statistics Core Facility, Institut D'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Alejandro Forner
- Unitat d'Oncologia hepàtica, Liver Unit, Hospital ClínicBarcelonaSpain
- BCLC group, IDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
- CIBEREHDBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Jordi Bruix
- Unitat d'Oncologia hepàtica, Liver Unit, Hospital ClínicBarcelonaSpain
- BCLC group, IDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
- CIBEREHDBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Marco Sanduzzi‐Zamparelli
- Unitat d'Oncologia hepàtica, Liver Unit, Hospital ClínicBarcelonaSpain
- BCLC group, IDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
- CIBEREHDBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
| | - José Ríos
- Department of Clinical Farmacology Hospital Clinic and Medical Statistics Core Facility, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Mohamed El‐Kassas
- Endemic Medicine DepartmentFaculty of MedicineHelwan UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Cassia R. G. Leal
- GastroenterologyHospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal FuminenseRio de JaneiroBrazil
- GastroenterologyHospital Federal do Servidores do EstadoRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Tudor Mocan
- 3rd Medical Department"Octavian Fodor" Institute for Gastroenterology and HepatologyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Jean‐Charles Nault
- Liver unitHôpital Avicenne, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris‐Seine‐Saint‐Denis, Assistance‐Publique Hôpitaux de ParisBobignyFrance
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Santé Médecine et Biologie HumaineUniversité Paris Nord, Communauté d'Universités et Etablissements Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
- Centre de Recherche des CordeliersSorbonne UniversitéInserm, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Labex OncoImmunology. Université de Paris, team « Functional Genomics of Solid TumorsParisFrance
| | - Rogerio C. P. Alves
- GastroenterologyHospital do Servidor Publico Estadual de São PauloSao PauloBrazil
- Bp Beneficência Portuguesa de São PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Helen L. Reeves
- Liver UnitNewcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNewcastle upon TyneUK
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research InstituteNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Leonardo da Fonseca
- Clinical OncologySao Paulo Clinicas Liver Cancer Group. Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo. Hospital das Clínicas. University of Sao Paulo School of MedicineSao PauloBrazil
| | - Ignacio García‐Juárez
- Gastroenterology DepartmentNational Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador ZubiránMexico CityMexico
| | - David J. Pinato
- Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - María Varela
- Liver Unit, Department of Digestive DiseaseHospital Universitario Central de Asturias, IUOPA, ISPA, Universidad de OviedoOviedoSpain
| | - Saleh A. Alqahtani
- Liver TransplantKing Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research CenterRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Mario R. Alvares‐da‐Silva
- GI/Liver UnitHospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Juan C. Bandi
- Hepatology UnitHospital ItalianoBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Lorenza Rimassa
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas UniversityRozzanoItaly
- Medical Oncology and Hematology UnitHumanitas Cancer Center, IRCCS, Humanitas Research HospitalRozzanoItaly
| | - Mar Lozano
- Aparato DigestivoHospital Universitario Infanta LeonorMadridSpain
| | - Jesús M. González Santiago
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologySalamanca University Clinic HospitalIBSAL, CIBERehdSalamancaSpain
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologySalamanca University Clinic HospitalIBSAL, CIBERehdSalamancaSpain
- Department of Hepatology and GastroenterologyCharité‐UniversitätsmedizinCampus Virchow‐Klinikum and Campus Charité MitteBerlinGermany
| | - Margarita Sala
- GastroenterologyHepatology UnitHospital Doctor Josep Trueta, IDIBGI (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona)CIBERehdGironaSpain
| | | | - Anja Lachenmayer
- Department of Visceral Surgery and MedicineInselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | | | - Alex França
- MedicineFederal University of SergipeAracajuBrazil
| | - Maria Guarino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of Naples Federico IINapoliItaly
| | - Alessandra Elvevi
- Division Gastroenterology and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases San Gerardo Hospital University of Milano ‐ Bicocca School of MedicineMonzaItaly
| | - Giuseppe Cabibbo
- Section of Gastroenterology and HepatologyPROMISE, University of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | | | - Ángela Rojas
- SeLiver group. Institute of Biomedicine of SevilleHospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla‐CIBERehdSevilleSpain
| | - Mercedes Vergara
- Unitat d'Hepatologia, Servei d'Aparell Digestiu, Parc Taulí Sabadell Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERehd. Instituto Carlos IIIMadridSpain
| | - Chiara Braconi
- Medical OncologyBeatson West of Scotland Cancer CentreUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Sonia Pascual
- Liver Unit. HGU Dr. Balmis. CIBERehd. ISABIALAlicanteSpain
| | - Christie Perelló
- Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital Puerta de HierroMajadahondaSpain
| | | | - Carlos Rodríguez‐Lope
- Servicio de Aparato DigestivoHospital Universitario Marqués de ValdecillaIDIVALSantanderSpain
| | - Juan Acevedo
- South West Liver UnitUniversity Hospitals Plymouth NHS TrustPlymouthUK
| | | | | | - Valérie Vilgrain
- Université de ParisParisFrance
- Department of RadiologyHôpital Beaujon, AP‐HP. NordClichyFrance
| | - Ahmed Tawheed
- Endemic Medicine DepartmentFaculty of MedicineHelwan UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Carmem Ferguson Theodoro
- Department of GastroenterologyHospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal FluminenseNiteroiBrazil
| | - Zeno Sparchez
- 3rd Medical DepartmentInstitute for Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Medicine and PharmacyCluj‐NapocaRomania
| | - Lorraine Blaise
- Liver unitHôpital Avicenne, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris‐Seine‐Saint‐Denis, Assistance‐Publique Hôpitaux de ParisBobignyFrance
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche Santé Médecine et Biologie HumaineUniversité Paris Nord, Communauté d'Universités et Etablissements Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
- Centre de Recherche des CordeliersSorbonne UniversitéInserm, Equipe labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Labex OncoImmunology. Université de Paris, team « Functional Genomics of Solid TumorsParisFrance
| | - Daniele E. Viera‐Alves
- GastroenterologyHospital do Servidor Publico Estadual de São PauloSao PauloBrazil
- Bp Beneficência Portuguesa de São PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Robyn Watson
- Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research InstituteNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Flair J. Carrilho
- Sao Paulo Clínicas Liver Cancer Group. Instituto do Cancer do Estado de Sao Paulo. Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and HepatologyHospital das Clínicas, Department of GastroenterologyUniversity of Sao Paulo School of MedicineSao PauloBrazil
| | - Carlos Moctezuma‐Velázquez
- Gastroenterology DepartmentNational Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador ZubiránMexico CityMexico
| | - Antonio D'Alessio
- Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Biomedical SciencesHumanitas UniversityRozzanoItaly
| | - Massimo Iavarone
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico – Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMilanItaly
| | - Maria Reig
- Unitat d'Oncologia hepàtica, Liver Unit, Hospital ClínicBarcelonaSpain
- BCLC group, IDIBAPSBarcelonaSpain
- CIBEREHDBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat de Barcelona (UB)BarcelonaSpain
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Burgess K, Winpenny R, Saiani A, Herrick A, Watson R. POS0478 TOPICAL CALCIUM CHELATORS FOR TARGETING CUTANEOUS CALCIFICATION: PRECLINICAL EVIDENCE OF EFFICACY. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundCutis calcinosis, defined as sub-epidermal deposition of calcium salts, is a painful, disabling, disfiguring, problem in 20-40% of patients with systemic sclerosis. Its pathogenesis remains poorly understood and currently there is no effective disease-modifying pharmacotherapy. One potential strategy is topical application of calcium chelating agents, able to penetrate the epidermal barrier and dissolve subcutaneous calcinotic deposits in situ. To date, the only compound reported for this application has been sodium thiosulfate (STS), with often-contradictory results.ObjectivesTo test the hypothesis, in pre-clinical studies, that polycarboxylic acids can induce calcium dissolution without skin toxicity, with the long-term aim of developing an effective topical treatment for cutis calcinosis.MethodsWe compared the metal ion-chelating agents citric acid (CA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) - polycarboxylic acids with well-characterised chelation profiles – to STS for their ability to chelate calcium, without inducing cytotoxicity or inflammation (pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and release), using in vitro 2D (keratinocyte [HaCaT]; fibroblast ([HCA2]) and recombinant human epidermal (RHE) models. The resultant data was subsequently used to predict therapeutic concentrations for assessment in a validated skin irritation model (SkinEthicTM; Episkin SA) and to assay maximal percutaneous absorption. At relative dermal concentrations, the dissolution performance of each chelator was further assessed using two different models of calcinosis: 1) pharmaceutical dissolution of a hydroxyapatite (HAp) tablet (1) and; 2) dissolution of a calcified extracellular matrix laid down by mineralising SaOS2 in vitro monolayer culture (2).ResultsIncubation with CA, EDTA and STS induced cytotoxicity in both in vitro cell lines studied at concentrations of >10 mM; only EDTA (10 mM) resulted in inflammatory cytokine release (IL8) from cells at these higher concentrations (cf positive control, Lipopolysaccharide 10 mg/mL). When applied topically to RHE models as near-saturated solutions, none of the chelators were categorised as skin irritants. Due to differences in their relative aqueous solubility, higher concentrations of CA (1600 mM) and STS (1200 mM) could be delivered through the RHE model than EDTA (200 mM). Using a simple linear regression model, the rate of compound absorption was: CA, 0.43 ± 0.05; STS, 0.26 ± 0.03 and; EDTA, 0.05 ± 0.01 g/L/hr. At each time-point, the cumulative concentration of compound in the receptor media was CA > STS > EDTA. Incubation with chelators had no effect on the integrity of the RHE by standard histology. Based on the rate of percutaneous absorption, the dissolution performance of each chelator was tested at relative dermal concentrations for phosphate dissolution (nmoles) of HAp (CA, 9.61 ±0.97; EDTA, 5.38 ± 0.28; 3.78 ± 0.58) and in the calcified in vitro model (Figure 1; CA, 3285 ± 105, STS, 947 ± 95, EDTA, 1174 ± 89), showing the superiority of CA in both model systems.Figure 1.Dissolution of a calcified extracellular matrix by citric acidConclusionOverall, this study highlights the promise of polycarboxylic acids, particularly CA, to target subcutaneous calcification, which are neither toxic nor inflammatory to the skin. Specifically, we have identified CA as a potentially more efficacious alternative to STS for the topical treatment of cutis calcinosis.References[1]Fei F, Gallas A, Chang YC, Rao Y, Hunter AC, Winpenny REP, Herrick AL, Lockyer NP, Blanford CF. 2017. Quartz crystal microbalance assay of clinical calcinosis samples and their synthetic models differentiates the efficacy of chelation-based treatments. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 9(33):27544-27552[2]Wang QG, Wimpenny I, Dey RE, Zhong X, Youle PJ, Downes S, Watts DC, Budd PM, Hoyland JA, Gough JE. 2018. The unique calcium chelation property of poly(vinyl phosphonic acid-co-acrylic acid) and effects on osteogenesis in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res Part A 2018:106A:168–179Disclosure of InterestsKyle Burgess: None declared, Richard Winpenny: None declared, Alberto Saiani: None declared, Ariane Herrick Speakers bureau: Janssen, Consultant of: Arena, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Camurus, CSL-Behring, Gesynta, Grant/research support from: Gesynta, Rachel Watson Consultant of: NAOS, AbbVie, Grant/research support from: Walgreens Alliance Boots.
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Geh D, Watson R, Sen G, French JJ, Hammond J, Turner P, Hoare T, Anderson K, McNeil M, McPherson S, Masson S, Dyson J, Donnelly M, MacDougal L, Patel P, Hudson M, Anstee QM, White S, Robinson S, Pandanaboyana S, Walker L, McCain M, Bury Y, Raman S, Burt A, Parkinson D, Haugk B, Darne A, Wadd N, Asghar S, Mariappan L, Margetts J, Stenberg B, Scott J, Littler P, Manas DM, Reeves HL. COVID-19 and liver cancer: lost patients and larger tumours. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2022; 9:e000794. [PMID: 35450934 PMCID: PMC9023844 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2021-000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Northern England has been experiencing a persistent rise in the number of primary liver cancers, largely driven by an increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) secondary to alcohol-related liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Here we review the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary liver cancer services and patients in our region. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with newly diagnosed liver cancer in our region. DESIGN We prospectively audited our service for the first year of the pandemic (March 2020-February 2021), comparing mode of presentation, disease stage, treatments and outcomes to a retrospective observational consecutive cohort immediately prepandemic (March 2019-February 2020). RESULTS We observed a marked decrease in HCC referrals compared with previous years, falling from 190 confirmed new cases to 120 (37%). Symptomatic became the the most common mode of presentation, with fewer tumours detected by surveillance or incidentally (% surveillance/incidental/symptomatic; 34/42/24 prepandemic vs 27/33/40 in the pandemic, p=0.013). HCC tumour size was larger in the pandemic year (60±4.6 mm vs 48±2.6 mm, p=0.017), with a higher incidence of spontaneous tumour haemorrhage. The number of new cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) fell only slightly, with symptomatic presentation typical. Patients received treatment appropriate for their cancer stage, with waiting times shorter for patients with HCC and unchanged for patients with ICC. Survival was associated with stage both before and during the pandemic. 9% acquired COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSION The pandemic-associated reduction in referred patients in our region was attributed to the disruption of routine healthcare. For those referred, treatments and survival were appropriate for their stage at presentation. Non-referred or missing patients are expected to present with more advanced disease, with poorer outcomes. While protective measures are necessary during the pandemic, we recommend routine healthcare services continue, with patients encouraged to engage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Geh
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robyn Watson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gourab Sen
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jeremy J French
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John Hammond
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Paul Turner
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Radiology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tim Hoare
- Department of Radiology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kirsty Anderson
- Department of Radiology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Michael McNeil
- Department of Radiology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Stuart McPherson
- The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Steven Masson
- The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jessica Dyson
- The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mhairi Donnelly
- The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Louise MacDougal
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Preya Patel
- The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mark Hudson
- The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Quentin M Anstee
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Steven White
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Stuart Robinson
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sanjay Pandanaboyana
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lucy Walker
- The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Discovery Medicine, GlaxoSmithKline Plc, Brentford, UK
| | - Misti McCain
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Yvonne Bury
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Shreya Raman
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alastair Burt
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Parkinson
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Beate Haugk
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Antony Darne
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nick Wadd
- Department of Oncology, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Syed Asghar
- Department of Oncology, North Cumbria Integrated Care NHS Foundation Trust, Carlisle, UK
| | - Lavanya Mariappan
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jane Margetts
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Benjamin Stenberg
- Department of Radiology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John Scott
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Radiology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Peter Littler
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Radiology, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Derek M Manas
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Helen L Reeves
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Multidisciplinary Team, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- The Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Farmery AK, Alexander K, Anderson K, Blanchard JL, Carter CG, Evans K, Fischer M, Fleming A, Frusher S, Fulton EA, Haas B, MacLeod CK, Murray L, Nash KL, Pecl GT, Rousseau Y, Trebilco R, van Putten IE, Mauli S, Dutra L, Greeno D, Kaltavara J, Watson R, Nowak B. Food for all: designing sustainable and secure future seafood systems. Rev Fish Biol Fish 2022; 32:101-121. [PMID: 34092936 PMCID: PMC8164055 DOI: 10.1007/s11160-021-09663-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Food from the sea can make a larger contribution to healthy and sustainable diets, and to addressing hunger and malnutrition, through improvements in production, distribution and equitable access to wild harvest and mariculture resources and products. The supply and consumption of seafood is influenced by a range of 'drivers' including ecosystem change and ocean regulation, the influence of corporations and evolving consumer demand, as well as the growing focus on the importance of seafood for meeting nutritional needs. These drivers need to be examined in a holistic way to develop an informed understanding of the needs, potential impacts and solutions that align seafood production and consumption with relevant 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper uses an evidence-based narrative approach to examine how the anticipated global trends for seafood might be experienced by people in different social, geographical and economic situations over the next ten years. Key drivers influencing seafood within the global food system are identified and used to construct a future scenario based on our current trajectory (Business-as-usual 2030). Descriptive pathways and actions are then presented for a more sustainable future scenario that strives towards achieving the SDGs as far as technically possible (More sustainable 2030). Prioritising actions that not only sustainably produce more seafood, but consider aspects of access and utilisation, particularly for people affected by food insecurity and malnutrition, is an essential part of designing sustainable and secure future seafood systems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11160-021-09663-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. K. Farmery
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resource and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - K. Alexander
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - K. Anderson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS Australia
| | - J. L. Blanchard
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - C. G. Carter
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - K. Evans
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - M. Fischer
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, St Lucia, QLD Australia
| | - A. Fleming
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Land and Water, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - S. Frusher
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - E. A. Fulton
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - B. Haas
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - C. K. MacLeod
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - L. Murray
- College of Health, Massey University, Massey, New Zealand
| | - K. L. Nash
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - G. T. Pecl
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Y. Rousseau
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - R. Trebilco
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - I. E. van Putten
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - S. Mauli
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resource and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - L. Dutra
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, St Lucia, QLD Australia
| | - D. Greeno
- College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - J. Kaltavara
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resource and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - R. Watson
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - B. Nowak
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS Australia
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Farmery AK, Alexander K, Anderson K, Blanchard JL, Carter CG, Evans K, Fischer M, Fleming A, Frusher S, Fulton EA, Haas B, MacLeod CK, Murray L, Nash KL, Pecl GT, Rousseau Y, Trebilco R, van Putten IE, Mauli S, Dutra L, Greeno D, Kaltavara J, Watson R, Nowak B. Food for all: designing sustainable and secure future seafood systems. Rev Fish Biol Fish 2022; 32:101-121. [PMID: 34092936 DOI: 10.22541/au.160322471.16891119/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Food from the sea can make a larger contribution to healthy and sustainable diets, and to addressing hunger and malnutrition, through improvements in production, distribution and equitable access to wild harvest and mariculture resources and products. The supply and consumption of seafood is influenced by a range of 'drivers' including ecosystem change and ocean regulation, the influence of corporations and evolving consumer demand, as well as the growing focus on the importance of seafood for meeting nutritional needs. These drivers need to be examined in a holistic way to develop an informed understanding of the needs, potential impacts and solutions that align seafood production and consumption with relevant 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This paper uses an evidence-based narrative approach to examine how the anticipated global trends for seafood might be experienced by people in different social, geographical and economic situations over the next ten years. Key drivers influencing seafood within the global food system are identified and used to construct a future scenario based on our current trajectory (Business-as-usual 2030). Descriptive pathways and actions are then presented for a more sustainable future scenario that strives towards achieving the SDGs as far as technically possible (More sustainable 2030). Prioritising actions that not only sustainably produce more seafood, but consider aspects of access and utilisation, particularly for people affected by food insecurity and malnutrition, is an essential part of designing sustainable and secure future seafood systems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11160-021-09663-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Farmery
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resource and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - K Alexander
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - K Anderson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS Australia
| | - J L Blanchard
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - C G Carter
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - K Evans
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - M Fischer
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, St Lucia, QLD Australia
| | - A Fleming
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Land and Water, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - S Frusher
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - E A Fulton
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - B Haas
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - C K MacLeod
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - L Murray
- College of Health, Massey University, Massey, New Zealand
| | - K L Nash
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - G T Pecl
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - Y Rousseau
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - R Trebilco
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - I E van Putten
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - S Mauli
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resource and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - L Dutra
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, St Lucia, QLD Australia
| | - D Greeno
- College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - J Kaltavara
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resource and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - R Watson
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
| | - B Nowak
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Newnham, TAS Australia
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Thacker P, Amaratunga D, Shah K, Watson R, Singh A, Allen D, Shirani J. Internal jugular vein ultrasound in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Bedside assessment of intravascular volume in patients with chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) is often difficult. Under- and over-diuresis are common causes of morbidity and readmissions in these patients.
Purpose
We hypothesized that ultrasound assessment of the internal jugular vein would be easier and more reproducible than clinically assessing jugular venous pressure (JVP). Our goal was to create a bedside test that would be simpler to learn than inferior vena cava (IVC) assessment and easier to perform in obese patients.
Methods
Adults with HF (n=53, 52% men, mean age 65 years, mean BMI 29.6 kg/m2, mean LVEF 44%) scheduled for right heart catheterization (RHC) had an ultrasound of their right internal jugular (RIJ) vein performed immediately prior. Cross-sectional area of RIJ was measured during normal breathing with patients at 90 and 45 degrees recumbency and was indexed by height (RIJI). JVP was also assessed clinically. Results were compared to right atrial pressure (RAP) measured by RHC. Operators were blinded to RHC results and vice versa.
Results
JVP was correctly assessed clinically in only 43%. RIJI at 90 and 45 degrees were significantly larger in patients with elevated RAP compared to euvolemic patients (Table). At 90 degrees, RIJI of >15 predicted a RAP of >10 mmHg with 68% sensitivity and 72% specificity. At 45 degrees, RIJI of >10 predicted a RAP of >10 mmHg with 94% sensitivity and a negative predictive value of 80% (Table). Simply being able to see the RIJ at 90 degrees (n=34) had an 82.4% positive predictive value for elevated RAP. IVC data could not be obtained on 23% of patients due to body habitus or inability to lay flat.
Conclusion
Ultrasonographic RIJI is more accurate than clinical assessment in patients with CHF and can be accurately performed even in obese patients. It requires only a basic linear ultrasound probe and was easily performed by clinicians at various stages of training with reproducible results. With the increased availability of bedside ultrasound in clinical practice, it is a feasible method of evaluating chronic CHF patients.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Thacker
- St Lukes University Health Network, Bethlehem, United States of America
| | - D Amaratunga
- St Lukes University Health Network, Bethlehem, United States of America
| | - K Shah
- St Lukes University Health Network, Bethlehem, United States of America
| | - R Watson
- Abington Hospital - Jefferson Health, Abington, United States of America
| | - A Singh
- Atlantic Health System, Morristown, United States of America
| | - D Allen
- St Lukes University Health Network, Bethlehem, United States of America
| | - J Shirani
- St Lukes University Health Network, Bethlehem, United States of America
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Langton A, Chien A, Kang S, Rhodes L, O’Connor C, Bell M, Griffiths C, Watson R. 148 Fibrillin-rich microfibrils: Key components of dermal-epidermal junction architecture? J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.08.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Webb PS, Zorman M, Watson R, Payne M, Coupe N, Hobbs C. P14.29 The treatment of melanoma brain metastases with stereotactic radiosurgery concurrently with immune checkpoint inhibition is associated with improved extracranial disease control and overall survival compared to the overall metastatic melanoma cohort - a synergistic effect reaching beyond local control? Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab180.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Melanoma brain metastases (MBM) are an increasingly common referral to the neuro-oncology MDT in the context of lengthening survivorship of metastatic melanoma (MM) patients in the immunotherapy era. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) are both effective in the management of MBM and, when combined, 12-month local control rates of >85% and overall survival (OS) >80% have been reported.[4,5] Recent local analysis of patients treated at our tertiary SRS referral centre has revealed even greater outcomes in this patient cohort. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of patients with MBM treated with concurrent SRS and ICI compared to the overall metastatic melanoma cohort, to elucidate whether the addition of SRS to ICI may improve disease control outside of the brain as well as within.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A retrospective analysis of our local SRS database and an ARIA ePrescribing database search was performed to identify a cohort of patients treated with concurrent SRS and ICI for MBM, as well as a control cohort of MM patients who received ICI alone, over a 4 year period until February 2020. The primary endpoints were the extracranial progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) at 12 months. Secondary endpoints were the median PFS (mPFS) and OS (mOS). Kaplan-Meier curves and survival statistics were generated using SPSS v26.
RESULTS
A total of 34 MBM from 19 patients were identified in the SRS+ICI group and there were 200 patients in the control group. The minimum follow up was 12 months. The median patient age, duration of ICI and use of combination ICI favoured the SRS+ICI group. The number of sites of extracranial disease pre-ICI and overall anti-PD-1 usage was well matched. In the SRS+ICI group, there were no cases of extracranial progression and no deaths within 12 months. In the control group, the 12-month PFS and OS rates were 50.5% and 77.5% respectively. In terms of mPFS, this was not reached (estimated 37.6 months) in the SRS+ICI group, versus 13.4 months in the control group (log rank test, p=0.001). In terms of mOS, this was not reached in the SRS+ICI group, versus 55.8 months in the control group (log rank test, p=0.016).
CONCLUSION
We demonstrate improved extracranial disease control and survivorship amongst metastatic melanoma patients who develop brain metastases and are treated with concurrent SRS and ICI compared to those who do not. The outcomes of our control cohort are comparable to the 4-year follow up of the CheckMate 067 trial (n=945),[6] which strengthens the validity of the statistical comparisons made in this study. The improved extracranial disease control seen when SRS and ICI are combined in the treatment of MBM questions whether an abscopal effect may be at play, and therefore further accents the utility of SRS in MBM beyond that of local control alone. This could influence management in cases of borderline decisions for SRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Webb
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Zorman
- Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Bucks, United Kingdom
| | - R Watson
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Payne
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - N Coupe
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Hobbs
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Robinson M, Sayal K, Tunstall C, Padmanaban S, Watson R, Pretorius P, Joseph R, Jeyaretna S, Hobbs C. P14.85 Impact of the neuro-radiologist and neuro-surgeon in contouring with the neuro-oncologist on local relapse rates for brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab180.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The audit evaluates the value of MDT, including neuro-radiologist and neuro-surgeon, review of contouring carried out by a clinical oncologist in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A sequential audit was conducted of all patients receiving intracranial SRS at our local institution for the first 22 months of a new SRS service. Lesions were contoured first by clinical oncologist then reviewed/edited by the MDT. The initial contour was compared with final contour using Jaccard conformity and geographical miss indices. The dosimetric impact of a contouring change was assessed using plan metrics to both original and final contour. The impact of the contouring review on local relapse, overall survival and radio necrosis rate was evaluated with at least 24 months follow up (24–46 months).
RESULTS
113 patients and 142 lesions treated over 22 months were identified. Mean JCI was 0.92 (0.32–1.00) and 38% needed significant editing (JCI<0.95). Mean GMI was 0.03 (0.0–0.65) and 17% showed significant miss (GMI>0.05). Resection cavities showed more changes, with lower JCI and higher GMI (p<0.05). There was no significant improvement on JCI or GMI shown over time. Dosimetric analysis indicated a strong association of conformity metrics with PTV dose metrics; a 0.1 change in GTV conformity metric association with 6–17% change in dose to 95% of resulting PTV. Greater association was seen in resection cavity suggesting the geographical nature of a typical contouring error gives rise to greater potential change in dose. Clinical outcomes compared well with published series. Median survival was 20 months and local relapse free rate in the treated areas of 0.89 (0.8–0.94) at 40 months, and 0.9 (0.83–0.95) radio-necrosis free rate at 40 months with a median 17 months to developing radio-necrosis for those that did.
CONCLUSION
This work highlights that a MDT contour review adds significant value to SRS and the approach translates into reduced local recurrence rates at our local institution compared with previously published data. Radio-necrosis rates are below 10%. No improvement in clinical oncologist contouring over time was shown indicating a collaborative approach is needed regardless of experience of clinical oncologist. MDT input is recommended in particular in contouring of resection cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Robinson
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - K Sayal
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Tunstall
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - R Watson
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Pretorius
- Department of Neuro-Radiology, Oxford University Hospials NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - R Joseph
- Department of Neuro-Radiology, Oxford University Hospials NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - S Jeyaretna
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, Oxford University Hospials NHS Trus, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Hobbs
- Oxford Cancer Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Wright S, Robertson D, Nosworthy G, Baines B, Thomas W, Thomas B, Timmins M, Watson R. PP30 The Minnesota satisfaction questionnaire as a measure of advanced paramedic practitioner satisfaction with a three part rotational model of working. Arch Emerg Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2021-999.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundWelsh Ambulance Service NHS Trust (WAST) and Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board (BCUHB) were jointly awarded Welsh Government Pacesetter funding to assess the viability of a rotational approach to the delivery of care. The three part rotation incorporates the WAST Clinical Contact Centre, solo responding and shifts in BCUHB primary care settings. Nine WAST Advanced Paramedic Practitioners (APPs) started their rotation in north Wales in June 2019, a further eight joined in September 2020. The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) was one of a number of data collection items undertaken as part of a service evaluation to evaluate the impact of this Pacesetter project.MethodsAPP Satisfaction was measured using the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ), a standardised tool designed to measure an employee’s satisfaction with work and aspects of the workplace environment. It comprises a 100-item questionnaire, with each question aligned to one of 20 scales. The MSQ was completed by the first cohort of APPs nine months into their rotation, and by the second Cohort in their third month. APPs were asked to consider all aspects of the rotation.ResultsOverall, both cohorts demonstrated a high level of satisfaction, in particular questions associated with intrinsic satisfaction scored better than ones linked to extrinsic satisfaction. For both Cohorts, Social Service, Working Conditions and Activity were all in the top five scoring scales. Whereas, Authority and Supervision (Human Relations) were lower scoring scales for both Cohorts.The individual raw scores were slightly higher for Cohort II than I. Cohort II also demonstrated a wider range in standard deviation scores across the scales.ConclusionThe MSQ is a simple yet effective measure of assessing workplace satisfaction. For the current Cohorts of Pacesetter APPs, scores indicated a high level of satisfaction across all aspects of the rotation.
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Zaki MYW, Mahdi AK, Patman GL, Whitehead A, Maurício JP, McCain MV, Televantou D, Abou-Beih S, Ramon-Gil E, Watson R, Cox C, Leslie J, Wilson C, Govaere O, Lunec J, Mann DA, Nakjang S, Oakley F, Shukla R, Anstee QM, Tiniakos D, Reeves HL. Key features of the environment promoting liver cancer in the absence of cirrhosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16727. [PMID: 34408183 PMCID: PMC8373870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rising, even in the absence of cirrhosis. We aimed to develop a murine model that would facilitate further understanding of NAFLD-HCC pathogenesis. A total of 144 C3H/He mice were fed either control or American lifestyle (ALIOS) diet, with or without interventions, for up to 48 weeks of age. Gross, liver histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and RNA-sequencing data were interpreted alongside human datasets. The ALIOS diet promoted obesity, elevated liver weight, impaired glucose tolerance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and spontaneous HCC. Liver weight, fasting blood glucose, steatosis, lobular inflammation and lipogranulomas were associated with development of HCC, as were markers of hepatocyte proliferation and DNA damage. An antioxidant diminished cellular injury, fibrosis and DNA damage, but not lobular inflammation, lipogranulomas, proliferation and HCC development. An acquired CD44 phenotype in macrophages was associated with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD-HCC. In this diet induced NASH and HCC (DINAH) model, key features of obesity associated NAFLD-HCC have been reproduced, highlighting roles for hepatic steatosis and proliferation, with the acquisition of lobular inflammation and CD44 positive macrophages in the development of HCC-even in the absence of progressive injury and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Youssef William Zaki
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Khairallah Mahdi
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Gillian Lucinda Patman
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Anna Whitehead
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - João Pais Maurício
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Misti Vanette McCain
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Despina Televantou
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Sameh Abou-Beih
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Erik Ramon-Gil
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Robyn Watson
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Charlotte Cox
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Jack Leslie
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Caroline Wilson
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Olivier Govaere
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - John Lunec
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Derek Austin Mann
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Sirintra Nakjang
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Fiona Oakley
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Ruchi Shukla
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Quentin Mark Anstee
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Liver Unit, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Dina Tiniakos
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Aretaieion Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Louise Reeves
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
- Liver Unit, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK.
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Eldafashi N, Darlay R, Shukla R, McCain MV, Watson R, Liu YL, McStraw N, Fathy M, Fawzy MA, Zaki MYW, Daly AK, Maurício JP, Burt AD, Haugk B, Cordell HJ, Bianco C, Dufour JF, Valenti L, Anstee QM, Reeves HL. A PDCD1 Role in the Genetic Predisposition to NAFLD-HCC? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1412. [PMID: 33808740 PMCID: PMC8003582 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are contributing to the global rise in deaths from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pathogenesis of NAFLD-HCC is not well understood. The severity of hepatic steatosis, steatohepatitis and fibrosis are key pathogenic mechanisms, but animal studies suggest altered immune responses are also involved. Genetic studies have so far highlighted a major role of gene variants promoting fat deposition in the liver (PNPLA3 rs738409; TM6SF2 rs58542926). Here, we have considered single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate immunoregulatory genes (MICA rs2596542; CD44 rs187115; PDCD1 rs7421861 and rs10204525), in 594 patients with NAFLD and 391 with NAFLD-HCC, from three European centres. Associations between age, body mass index, diabetes, cirrhosis and SNPs with HCC development were explored. PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 SNPs were associated with both progression to cirrhosis and NAFLD-HCC development, while PDCD1 SNPs were specifically associated with NAFLD-HCC risk, regardless of cirrhosis. PDCD1 rs7421861 was independently associated with NAFLD-HCC development, while PDCD1 rs10204525 acquired significance after adjusting for other risks, being most notable in the smaller numbers of women with NAFLD-HCC. The study highlights the potential impact of inter individual variation in immune tolerance induction in patients with NAFLD, both in the presence and absence of cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nardeen Eldafashi
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (N.E.); (M.V.M.); (R.W.); (Y.L.L.); (M.Y.W.Z.); (A.K.D.); (J.P.M.); (A.D.B.); (Q.M.A.)
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (M.F.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Rebecca Darlay
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK; (R.D.); (H.J.C.)
| | - Ruchi Shukla
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (R.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Misti Vanette McCain
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (N.E.); (M.V.M.); (R.W.); (Y.L.L.); (M.Y.W.Z.); (A.K.D.); (J.P.M.); (A.D.B.); (Q.M.A.)
| | - Robyn Watson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (N.E.); (M.V.M.); (R.W.); (Y.L.L.); (M.Y.W.Z.); (A.K.D.); (J.P.M.); (A.D.B.); (Q.M.A.)
| | - Yang Lin Liu
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (N.E.); (M.V.M.); (R.W.); (Y.L.L.); (M.Y.W.Z.); (A.K.D.); (J.P.M.); (A.D.B.); (Q.M.A.)
| | - Nikki McStraw
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (R.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Moustafa Fathy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (M.F.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Michael Atef Fawzy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (M.F.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Marco Y. W. Zaki
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (N.E.); (M.V.M.); (R.W.); (Y.L.L.); (M.Y.W.Z.); (A.K.D.); (J.P.M.); (A.D.B.); (Q.M.A.)
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (M.F.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Ann K. Daly
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (N.E.); (M.V.M.); (R.W.); (Y.L.L.); (M.Y.W.Z.); (A.K.D.); (J.P.M.); (A.D.B.); (Q.M.A.)
| | - João P. Maurício
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (N.E.); (M.V.M.); (R.W.); (Y.L.L.); (M.Y.W.Z.); (A.K.D.); (J.P.M.); (A.D.B.); (Q.M.A.)
| | - Alastair D. Burt
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (N.E.); (M.V.M.); (R.W.); (Y.L.L.); (M.Y.W.Z.); (A.K.D.); (J.P.M.); (A.D.B.); (Q.M.A.)
| | - Beate Haugk
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle NE1 4LP, UK;
| | - Heather J. Cordell
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK; (R.D.); (H.J.C.)
| | - Cristiana Bianco
- Translational Medicine, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (C.B.); (L.V.)
| | - Jean-François Dufour
- University Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University Hospital of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Hepatology, Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Luca Valenti
- Translational Medicine, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (C.B.); (L.V.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Quentin M. Anstee
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (N.E.); (M.V.M.); (R.W.); (Y.L.L.); (M.Y.W.Z.); (A.K.D.); (J.P.M.); (A.D.B.); (Q.M.A.)
- The Liver Unit, Freeman Hospital, Freeman Road, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Heaton NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Helen L. Reeves
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (N.E.); (M.V.M.); (R.W.); (Y.L.L.); (M.Y.W.Z.); (A.K.D.); (J.P.M.); (A.D.B.); (Q.M.A.)
- The Liver Unit, Freeman Hospital, Freeman Road, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Heaton NE7 7DN, UK
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Finnegan A, Di Lemma L, Mcghee S, Watson R. Evaluating serious stress in military veterans, their carers and families: a protocol. BMJ Mil Health 2021; 169:263-268. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjmilitary-2020-001715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In 2018, the Armed Forces Covenant Fund Trust (ACFT) allocated approximately £4M to seven UK projects to address serious stress in military veterans, their carers and families. These programmes commenced between May and October 2019 and will conclude in August 2021.This paper outlines the protocol for the evaluation of the Tackling Serious Stress programme and the novel support provided to grant holders. Entry into the programmes was through multiple routes, including self-referrals with an anticipated sample of approximately 2000 participants. A common outcomes framework was designed to measure outcomes. Grant holders accepted ownership for data collection and quality and were supported through accompanying guidance material.Veterans were often reluctant to seek support, and the anonymous and confidential nature of the evaluation plus the study team’s military background helped address this. Participants’ voices were a key part in developing the protocol, leading to results to inform policy and highlight success, efficiency and cost effectiveness, and providing markers for future development.The study provided a reservoir of information. Interim reports indicated compliance with performance indicators and provided timely evidence. Shared learning provided grant holders with an indication of what was helping the beneficiaries and what needed to be improved. The combination of all data sets provided the ACFT with a resource to demonstrate success and insight into projects where improvement was required, and indicators of how to redress these problems. The study protocol provided a platform for building lasting partnerships.
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Haigh L, Chadwick H, Gillgrass L, Pollard K, Shaw N, Watson R, Williams E, Wood A, Wright S, Etherington C, Spoletini G, Clifton I, Peckham D. P206 Patient feedback following the introduction of a dedicated ‘Symkevi® Initiation Clinic’ prior to starting modulator therapy. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Robertson D, Baines B, Nosworthy G, Thomas W, Timmins M, Watson R, Wright S. PP35 Evaluation of a rotational model of advanced paramedic practice in north wales: a logic model approach to demonstrate effectiveness. Arch Emerg Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2020-999abs.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundUK Ambulance Services are under pressure to retain paramedics as diverse career options become increasingly available throughout the NHS for this valuable group of staff. Rotational working is one means of providing a varied clinical portfolio with the aim of sustaining an ambulance service based career over a longer work-span. Prior to implementing a test of an Advanced Paramedic Practitioner (APP) focussed three-part model of rotation which included Primary Care, Clinical Contact Centre and Solo Responding, an effective evaluation framework was required.MethodsThe aims of the project were refined during initial team planning and a project workshop which articulated the conditions for success. The theory of change was subsequently developed through a team-based facilitated session culminating in the development of a driver diagram. Due to the predominantly linear nature of the project and design, a Logic Model approach was selected to then map and construct the detailed evaluations required for each of the key areas identified.ResultsSeven individual elements for evaluation were identified through this design process. These comprised of four core areas including the impact of the rotation on Patients, Primary Care, The APPs and Welsh Ambulance Services NHS Trust which would be managed by the project team. In addition, the framework identified elements suitable for external evaluation which consisted of the economic evaluation, a deeper exploration of patient experiences and project effectiveness. External evaluation would test the validity of the overall approach to the project by the internal team and stakeholders. The derived Logic Models were designed to enable formative and summative evaluation throughout the opening phase of the rotation.ConclusionsUsing this approach, the project team have constructed a robust, but testable model of evaluation, with the flexibility to map changes as the evaluation yields specific learning points about the project.
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Murray G, O'Kane M, Watson R, Tobin AM. Psychosocial burden and out-of-pocket costs in patients with atopic dermatitis in Ireland. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 46:157-161. [PMID: 32803784 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases in the developed world, affecting 1-3% of the adult population in Europe. This inflammatory disease can have a marked impact on affected individuals, leading to significant impairment in physical wellbeing and quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to investigate the psychosocial impact and financial burden of AD on patients in Ireland. To increase our understanding of the psychosocial and financial aspects of AD disease burden in the Irish population, an online survey was designed. The survey was launched by the Irish Skin Foundation, and included questions focusing on disease severity, disease control, psychosocial impact, interrupted sleep, missed work and school days, and financial cost. The survey showed that the impact of AD on QoL was profound. The survey demonstrated that 85% of adults described interrupted sleep, 70% reported social anxiety, 65% avoid exercise and sports, 52% avoid social activities, 52% avoid sexual intimacy and 43% feel they are depressed as a result of their AD. Approximately one-quarter of those surveyed can spend up to €2300 annually on over-the-counter, prescription and alternative treatments. This study has shown the significant impact AD has on patients living in Ireland. It also highlights that out-of-pocket costs for patients is higher compared with previous studies across European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Murray
- Department of Dermatology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M O'Kane
- Department of Dermatology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Irish Skin Foundation, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Watson
- Irish Skin Foundation, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A M Tobin
- Department of Dermatology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,Irish Skin Foundation, Dublin, Ireland
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Watson R, Tong O, Nassiri I, Cooper R, Taylor C, Verge de los Aires A, Middleton M, Fairfax B. 1947P Single cell analysis reveals that CD8+ T cell clone size determines response to immune checkpoint blockade. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Mellody K, Bradley E, Bell M, Halai P, Cotterell L, Griffiths C, Watson R. 238 Retinol at a concentration of 0.3% restores fibrillin-rich microfibrils and modifies the epidermis in photoaged human skin in vivo in a manner similar to 1% retinol. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Palese A, Decaro A, Bressan V, Marin M, Achil I, Hayter M, Watson R. Measuring the therapeutic properties of nursing home environments in the Italian context: findings from a validation and cross-sectional study design. Ann Ig 2020; 32:117-131. [PMID: 31944207 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2020.2236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The social and the physical features of the nursing home (NH) environment can offer a therapeutic support capable of maximising residents' physical and cognitive functions. A total of 23 instruments evaluating the therapeutic properties of a NH has been documented to date; among them, the most recent and widely used is the Therapeutic Environment Screening Survey for Nursing Homes (TESS-NH) composed of 13 domains and 84 items: higher scores in each domain indicate a higher presence of therapeutic principles. Validating the Italian version of TESS-NH tool and describing the therapeutic properties of Italian NH environments were the aims of this study. STUDY DESIGN A validation and a cross-sectional study design, undertaken in 2017. METHODS After having ensured the cross-cultural and the conceptual equivalence, together with the face and the content validation, 13 NHs accounting for 1,161 beds and articulated in 31 units have been evaluated with the TESS-NH tool via direct observation by trained researchers. Inter-rater reliability, test-retest, criterion validity, inter-dimension correlations and internal consistency were measured. Descriptive statistics was also calculated. RESULTS The inter-rater reliability was Pearson (r) >0.917 for continuous variables and weighted kappa statistics (k) of > 0.779 for non-continuous variables; the test-retest reliability was r > 0.848 and k of > 0.778, respectively. The criterion validity was r > 0.500 between each dimension and the single TESS-NH global item; moreover, correlations among the domains varied from not significant to significantly strong, while the internal consistency resulted in all evaluable dimensions in Cronbach alpha > 0.600. In the involved NH units, the TESS-NH total score was on average 122.19 out of the possible score from 0 to 149 (confidence interval (CI) 95%, 115.89-128.49). 25% of the units (=7) reported a total score of ≤ 113, and another 25% reported scores ≥ 133, thus from poor to excellent therapeutic properties. CONCLUSION The TESS-NH tool can be used in Italian facilities to support managers and researchers in evaluating the therapeutic properties of NH environments. Furthermore, the tool can support the evaluation of the effectiveness of interventional studies or quality improvement projects aimed at improving the NH's environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Palese
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Udine, Italy
| | - A Decaro
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Udine, Italy
| | - V Bressan
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Udine, Italy
| | - M Marin
- Local Health Care Trust, Bassa Friulana-Isontina, Gorizia, Italy
| | - I Achil
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Udine, Italy
| | - M Hayter
- Hull University, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - R Watson
- Hull University, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
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Killien E, Watson R, Rivara F, Vavilala M, Weiss N. 53: COMPONENTS OF HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE MOST AFFECTED FOLLOWING PEDIATRIC CRITICAL ILLNESS. Crit Care Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000618712.15544.4f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- S McCarthy
- Department of Dermatology, South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - D Murray
- Department of Paediatrics, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Watson
- Department of Dermatology, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Murphy
- Department of Dermatology, South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - V Dvorakova
- Department of Dermatology, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Dublin, Ireland
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Padmanabhan D, Farwati M, Izath A, Al-Masry A, Kella D, Gamero S, Barout A, Assaf Y, Shetty D, Asirvatham S, Felmlee J, Watson R, Cha YM, Friedman P. P4126Safety of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with non-conditional cardiac implantable electronic devices: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Recent guideline statements approve the performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with non-conditional cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) under certain closely monitored conditions. Data from current registries may have lower power to discern changes that may occur in the CIED after the MRI.
Objective
We aimed to systematically review the literature to identify the adverse events and significance of changes in device function associated with performing MRI in patients with CIEDs
Methods
A comprehensive literature search of the databases was performed between 1980- 2017. Two independent reviewers selected studies and extracted data. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis.
Results
A total of 7,422 patients underwent 8,865 MRI studies. No death occurred post MRI. Clinical adverse events were extremely rare (mostly less than 1%) and are summarized in Table 1. No significant changes in the pooled mean effect size estimate was noted for the changes in the lead parameters (pacing threshold, sensing and impedance)
Binary outcomes post magnetic resonance imaging in patients with non-conditional cardiac implantable electronic devices Outcome Sample size Number of patients Rate SE LL of CI UL of CI Death 7401 0 0 0 0 0 Atrial arrhythmia 7173 10 0.001 0.0004 0.0007 0.0024 Ventricular arrhythmia 7371 9 0.0012 0.0004 0.0006 0.0022 Oversensing 4981 17 0.0034 0.0008 0.0020 0.0053 Inhibition of pacing 7371 6 0.0008 0.0003 0.0003 0.0016 Lead Failure/Generator Failure 7475/7475 2/8 0.0002/0.0011 0.0001/0.0004 0.0001/0.0005 0.0009/0.002 Power on Reset 1388 105 0.0131 0.0014 0.0107 0.0161 Did not complete scan 6851 13 0.0019 0.0005 0.0011 0.0031 Chest pain 7080 11 0.0021 0.0004 0.0008 0.0027. Lead threshold rise (>0.5v/>50%-A/V) 5076/6246 12/16 0.0024/0.0026 0.0007/0.0006 0.0013/0.0015 0.0040/0.0041 Change in Battery voltage >0.04V 7132 42 0.0061 0.0009 0.0043 0.0079 Sensing decrease >50%-A/V 5087/5834 17/9 0.0033/0.0015 0.0008/0.0005 0.0020/0.0008 0.0052/0.0028 Impedance changes >50ohms/>50% 5810 22 0.0038 0.0008 0.0024 0.0057 Rise in cardiac enzymes 1703 26 0.0152 0.0030 0.0102 0.0219 A, atrial; V, ventricular; SE, standard Error; LL, lower limit; UL, upper limit; CI, Confidence intervals.
Conclusions
MRI in patients with non-conditional CIEDs can be performed with high degree of safety and low rate of clinical events when performed under standardized protocols
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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Affiliation(s)
- D Padmanabhan
- Narayana Hrudayalaya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - M Farwati
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - A Izath
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - A Al-Masry
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - D Kella
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - S Gamero
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - A Barout
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Y Assaf
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - D Shetty
- Narayana Hrudayalaya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - S Asirvatham
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - J Felmlee
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - R Watson
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Y.-M Cha
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - P Friedman
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
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Watson R. President's Message. Int J Dent Hyg 2019; 17:97-98. [PMID: 30924998 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This is the last Editorial for me as President of IFDH. It has been an unforgettable time during the last 6 years on the Board and I am very grateful for all the support from colleagues around the world and from my Executive team. Corrie Jongbloed, our President Elect from the Netherlands will be assuming the role and I wish her the very best in her future endeavour.I recently read an article "The 100-year evolution of the science and practice of dental hygiene"1 which caused me to investigate and reflect on where our profession has come from and what will be the future. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Watson
- The Faculty of Dentistry Elective Unit of Study Coordinator, Surry Hills, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
I recently read an article "The 100-year evolution of the science and practice of dental hygiene"1 which caused me to investigate and reflect on where our profession has come from and what will be the future. The founder of dental hygiene, Dr. Alfred C. Fones, educated the first dental hygienist, Irene Newman, for one year before she began treating patients in his practice. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Abstract
Free flap microvascular surgery involves the transfer of a mobilised tissue flap with complete vascular reanastomosis at the new site. Ischaemia frequently threatens flap survival and may require a return to the operating theatre for anastomotic revision. Arterial spasm and hypoperfusion are recognised as factors in flap ischaemia. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors such as milrinone may improve flap blood flow and possibly flap survival by arterial dilation and increasing cardiac output. To investigate the role of milrinone in this type of surgery, a double-blinded randomised controlled trial was conducted with 88 patients receiving either a milrinone bolus and infusion throughout surgery or placebo (normal saline). We found that milrinone did not improve graft survival, return to theatre rate, or surgically graded arterial spasm, but did require more vasopressor support. We conclude that intraoperative milrinone did not improve flap outcomes in microvascular surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. J. Jones
- Departments of Anaesthesia and Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Anaesthesia
| | - D. A. Scott
- Departments of Anaesthesia and Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Anaesthesia
| | - R. Watson
- Departments of Anaesthesia and Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Anaesthesia
| | - W. A. Morrison
- Departments of Anaesthesia and Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Bernard O'Brien Institute of Microsurgery and Director, St Vincent's Hospital Department of Plastic Surgery
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Watson R. Childhood oral health issues, are you aware? Int J Dent Hyg 2018; 16:429. [PMID: 30318845 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Padmanabhan D, Kella D, Naksuk N, Isath A, Kapa S, Deshmukh A, Mulpuru S, Felmlee J, Dalzell C, Olson N, Jondal M, Asirvatham S, Watson R, Cha YM, Friedman P. P3698Correlation of lead length with procedural safety outcomes of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with legacy pacemakers and defibrillators. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - D Kella
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - N Naksuk
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - A Isath
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - S Kapa
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - A Deshmukh
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - S Mulpuru
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - J Felmlee
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - C Dalzell
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - N Olson
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - M Jondal
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - S Asirvatham
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - R Watson
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Y.-M Cha
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - P Friedman
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
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Polkinghorne RJ, Philpott J, Perovic J, Lau J, Davies L, Mudannayake W, Watson R, Tarr G, Thompson JM. The effect of packaging on consumer eating quality of beef. Meat Sci 2018; 142:59-64. [PMID: 29660545 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This experiment examined 3 packaging systems: overwrap packaging using oxygen permeable film (OWP); vacuum skin packaging (VSP) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP, 80%O2 and 20%CO2) on consumer sensory. Three primals from 48 carcasses were aged in vacuum packs for 5, 12 or 40 days. Steaks from longissimus lumborum, gluteus medius and psoas major muscles were packed in OWP, VSP and MAP for 9 days. Untrained consumers scored grilled steaks for tenderness, juiciness, liking of flavour and overall acceptability. Steaks in MAP had 10-12 points lower sensory scores (on a 100 point scale) compared to the OWP, or VSP systems (P < 0.001). The packaging effect was independent of days aging and muscle. It was concluded that high oxygen MAP has the potential to be included as an input variable in the Meat Standards Australia beef grading model. This would be contingent upon research into when the MAP effect occurred and the effect of using different gas mixtures on eating quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Polkinghorne
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia; Birkenwood Pty. Ltd, 431 Timor Rd, Murrurundi, NSW 2338, Australia
| | - J Philpott
- Birkenwood Pty. Ltd, 431 Timor Rd, Murrurundi, NSW 2338, Australia
| | - Jessira Perovic
- MSA, The Short Run, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - J Lau
- MSA, The Short Run, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - L Davies
- Teys Australia Pty Ltd, 2728, Logan Road, Eight Mile Plains, QLD 4113, Australia
| | - W Mudannayake
- Teys Australia Pty Ltd, Lakes Creek Rd, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - R Watson
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - G Tarr
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - J M Thompson
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.
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Longo K, Knott E, Swietlik J, Watson R, Lee F, Smolock A, Cannata J, Duryea A, Miller R, Xu Z, Cho C, Vlaisavljevich E, Ziemlewicz T. 4:03 PM Abstract No. 339 Robotically assisted sonic therapy (RAST) for hepatic ablation in a porcine model: mitigation of body wall damage. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Abstract
AIMS To generate an Arabic version of the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire that would be easily understood by Arabic speakers and would be sensitive to Arabic culture. BACKGROUND The nursing workforce in Saudi Arabia is undergoing a process of Saudization but there is a need to understand the factors that will help to retain this workforce. INTRODUCTION No organizational commitment tools exist in Arabic that are specifically designed for health organizations. An Arabic version of the organizational commitment tool could aid Arabic speaking employers to understand their employees' perceptions of their organizations. METHODS Translation and back-translation followed by factor analysis (principal components analysis and confirmatory factor analysis) to test the factorial validity and item response theory (Mokken scaling). RESULTS A two-factor structure was obtained for the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire comprising Factor 1: Value commitment; and Factor 2: Commitment to stay with acceptable reliability measured by internal consistency. A Mokken scale was obtained including items from both factors showing a hierarchy of items running from commitment to the organization and commitment to self. DISCUSSION This study shows that the Arabic version of the OCQ retained the established two-factor structure of the original English-language version. Although the two factors - 'value commitment' and 'commitment to stay' - repudiate the original developers' single factor claim. CONCLUSION A useful insight into the structure of the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire has been obtained with the novel addition of a hierarchical scale. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING POLICY The Organizational Commitment Questionnaire is now ready to be used with nurses in the Arab speaking world and could be used a tool to measure the contemporary commitment of nursing employees and in future interventions aimed at increasing commitment and retention of valuable nursing staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Al-Yami
- Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - P Galdas
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - R Watson
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Health & Social Work, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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Mahfoud ZR, Gkantaras I, Topping AE, Cannaby AM, Foreman B, Watson R, Thompson DR, Gray R. The educational preparation of nurses in a developing economy and patient mortality. Int Nurs Rev 2018; 65:434-440. [PMID: 29498040 DOI: 10.1111/inr.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies have reported that higher levels (baccalaureate degree) of educational attainment by nurses are associated with lower levels of patient mortality. Researchers working in developed economies (e.g. North America and Europe) have almost exclusively conducted these studies. The value of baccalaureate nurse education has not been tested in countries with a developing economy. METHOD A retrospective observational study conducted in seven hospitals. Patient mortality was the main outcome of interest. Anonymized data were extracted from nurses and patients from two different administrative sources and linked using the staff identification number that exists in both systems. We used bivariate logistic regression models to test the association between mortality and the educational attainment of the admitting nurse (responsible for assessment and care planning). RESULTS Data were extracted for 11 918 (12, 830 admissions) patients and 7415 nurses over the first 6 months of 2015. The majority of nurses were educated in South Asia and just over half were educated to at least bachelor degree level. After adjusting for confounding and clustering, nurse education was not found to be associated with mortality. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY Our observations may suggest that in a developing economy, the academic level of nurses' education is not associated with a reduction in patient mortality. Findings should be interpreted with considerable caution but do challenge widely held assumptions about the value of baccalaureate-prepared nurses. Further research focused on nursing education in developing economies is required to inform health policy and planning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - B Foreman
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - R Watson
- The University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - D R Thompson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - R Gray
- La Trobe University and Healthscope, Melbourne, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Watson
- Nursing; Faculty of Health and Social Care; University of Hull; Hull UK
| | - S. Rehman
- Faculty of Health and Social Care; University of Hull; Hull UK
| | - P.A. Ali
- The School of Nursing and Midwifery; The University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
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Murad A, O'Regan G, Watson R, McDermott M, O'Sullivan M, Irvine AD. Erythema elevatum diutinum in a healthy child. Clin Exp Dermatol 2017; 42:434-436. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Murad
- Department of Dermatology; Our Lady's Children's Hospital; Crumlin Dublin 12 Ireland
| | - G. O'Regan
- Department of Dermatology; Our Lady's Children's Hospital; Crumlin Dublin 12 Ireland
| | - R. Watson
- Department of Dermatology; Our Lady's Children's Hospital; Crumlin Dublin 12 Ireland
| | - M. McDermott
- Department of Histopathology; Our Lady's Children's Hospital; Crumlin Dublin 12 Ireland
| | - M. O'Sullivan
- Department of Histopathology; Our Lady's Children's Hospital; Crumlin Dublin 12 Ireland
| | - A. D. Irvine
- Department of Dermatology; Our Lady's Children's Hospital; Crumlin Dublin 12 Ireland
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Chemistry Building; Trinity College; Dublin Ireland
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Bagnasco A, Watson R, Zanini M, Catania G, Aleo G, Sasso L. Developing a Stoma Acceptance Questionnaire to improve motivation to adhere to enterostoma self-care. J Prev Med Hyg 2017; 58:E190-E194. [PMID: 28900361 PMCID: PMC5584090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In stoma care, patient education is often weak in terms of improving patients' level of acceptance of living with a stoma. Self-care educational interventions in enterostomal patients, which according to Orem's Theory should take into account these patients' specific needs, require instruments that measure patients' stoma acceptance to improve motivation based on the resumption of activities they used to carry out before having a stoma. The aim of the study was to develop an instrument that measures the level of stoma acceptance to improve motivation to adhere to enterostoma self-care. METHODS Aspects that improve stoma acceptance and consequently motivation to adhere to enterostoma self-care were identified through 10 focus groups. In the focus groups, the motivation indicators were grouped, categorised and results entered into a Stoma Acceptance Questionnaire (SAQ). The SAQ was then piloted with 104 enterostomal patients from three general hospitals. To assess the construct validity of the SAQ, Mokken Scaling was used to explore the latent structure of the SAQ. Mokken scaling is a non-parametric method that falls under the umbrella of methods described as item response theories (IRT). RESULTS The theme "Living with a stoma"; "Autonomy"; "Support"; "Ability to deal with stoma", plus a common underlying theme: "Stoma acceptance" were dissussed by the Focus Groups. The experts identified the items of the (SAQ) through these themes. Mokken Scaling identified the "resumption of enterostomal patients' normal activities" as a measure of stoma acceptance, thus confirming the construct validity of the SAQ. CONCLUSIONS The tool proposed affords a pioneering example of how this gap can be bridged. Indeed, the SAQ could enable nurses adopting a standardized approach for the assessment of enterostomal patients' motivation to resume their normal activities and identify needs linked to this. The SAQ could also be used to measure the effectiveness of psychosocial and educational interventions aimed at improving stoma acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Bagnasco
- Department of Health Sciences Department, University of Genoa, Italy;,Correspondence: Annamaria Bagnasco, Assistant Professor of Nursing & Education Coordinator, Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, via Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy - Tel. +39 010 3538515 - E-mail:
| | - R. Watson
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Hull, UK
| | - M. Zanini
- Department of Health Sciences Department, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - G. Catania
- Department of Health Sciences Department, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - G. Aleo
- Department of Health Sciences Department, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - L. Sasso
- Department of Health Sciences Department, University of Genoa, Italy
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Jain S, Lyons C, Walker S, McQuaid S, Hynes S, Mitchell D, Pang B, Logan G, McCavigan A, O'Rourke D, Davidson C, Knight L, Sheriff A, Berge V, Neal D, Pandha H, Watson R, Mason M, Kay E, Harkin D, James J, Salto-Tellez M, Kennedy R, O'Sullivan J, Waugh D. OC-0126: A gene expression assay to predict the risk of distant metastases in localized prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)30569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Langton A, Alessi S, Chien A, Kang S, Sherratt M, Griffiths C, Watson R. 749 Impact of chronic sun exposure on the elastic fiber network of African-American and Caucasian skin. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Watson R. Leadership and social responsibility in the IFDH. Int J Dent Hyg 2017; 15:83. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Watson R. As dental hygienists, we should support WHO sugar tax recommendations! Int J Dent Hyg 2017; 15:3. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Al-Fayoumi S, Watson R, O'Mahony A, Singer J. Comparative biomarker profiles of pacritinib, momelotinib, pexidartinib, and ruxolitinib using BioMAP Diversity PLUS panel. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)33004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Watson R. Looking back on the history of the International Federation of Dental Hygienists. Int J Dent Hyg 2016; 14:242. [PMID: 27758086 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Baatjes AJ, Smith SG, Watson R, Howie K, Murphy D, Larché M, Denburg JA, Inman MD, O'Byrne PM. T regulatory cell phenotypes in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage from non-asthmatic and asthmatic subjects. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 45:1654-62. [PMID: 26177872 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An unresolved issue in T regulatory cells' cell biology is the lack of consensus on phenotypic markers that accurately define the natural Treg (nTreg) population. OBJECTIVES To examine nTreg frequency and functional capacity in healthy controls and their frequency in asthmatic subjects using three different phenotypic strategies. We hypothesized that phenotypically different nTreg are quantitatively and functionally different. METHODS Thirty-four healthy, non-asthmatic and 17 asthmatic subjects were studied. Three nTreg phenotypes were defined as follows: nTreg1 (CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+) ), nTreg2 (CD4(+) CD25(+) CD127(low) Foxp3(+) ), and nTreg3 (CD4(+) CD25(high) Foxp3(+) ). The flow cytometric determination of nTreg frequency in peripheral blood (PB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed using fluorescently labelled antibodies. Peripheral blood nTreg functional capacity was assessed using a CFSE-based suppression assay. RESULTS There was a significantly lower frequency of PB nTreg3 compared to nTreg2 and nTreg1 (P < 0.05). Both nTreg2 and nTreg3 had a significantly greater suppressive capacity than nTreg1 at T responder (Tresp) to nTreg ratios of 16 : 1 up to 1 : 1 (P < 0.01). Asthmatics exhibited a significantly lower PB nTreg3 and nTreg1 frequency than healthy controls (P < 0.05). There were no differences between healthy controls and asthmatic subjects when comparing BAL nTreg frequency. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Phenotypically different nTreg subsets are quantitatively and functionally different and are variably observed in asthma. The CD4(+) CD25(high) Foxp3(+) phenotype was the least frequent, but demonstrated the greatest suppression, and was significantly lower in PB of asthmatic subjects. Consequently, it is imperative that nTreg phenotypes be clearly defined and that the interpretation of their frequency and function be phenotype specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Baatjes
- Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health and the Department of Medicine, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - S G Smith
- Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health and the Department of Medicine, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - R Watson
- Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health and the Department of Medicine, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - K Howie
- Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health and the Department of Medicine, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - D Murphy
- Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health and the Department of Medicine, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M Larché
- Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health and the Department of Medicine, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J A Denburg
- Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health and the Department of Medicine, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M D Inman
- Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health and the Department of Medicine, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - P M O'Byrne
- Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health and the Department of Medicine, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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