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Malci A, Lin X, Shi YS, Herrera-Molina R. Neuroplastin in Ca 2+ signal regulation and plasticity of glutamatergic synapses. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1705-1706. [PMID: 36751784 PMCID: PMC10154493 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.363826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Malci
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Xiao Lin
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yun Stone Shi
- Guangdong Institute of Intelligence Science and Technology, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Combinatorial Combinatorial NeuroImaging, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Centro Integrativo de Biologia y Quimica Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
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2
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Adasme T, Hidalgo C, Herrera-Molina R. Editorial: Emerging views and players in neuronal calcium signaling: synaptic plasticity, learning/memory, aging and neuroinflammation. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1197417. [PMID: 37138767 PMCID: PMC10150380 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1197417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Adasme
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (BNI), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Clinical Hospital and Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Department de Psychiatry North, Center for Advanced Clinical Investigation (CICA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute (BNI), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O‘Higgins, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
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3
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Malci A, Lin X, Sandoval R, Gundelfinger ED, Naumann M, Seidenbecher CI, Herrera-Molina R. Ca 2+ signaling in postsynaptic neurons: Neuroplastin-65 regulates the interplay between plasma membrane Ca 2+ ATPases and ionotropic glutamate receptors. Cell Calcium 2022; 106:102623. [PMID: 35853264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Upon postsynaptic glutamate receptor activation, the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration rises and initiates signaling and plasticity in spines. The plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) is a major player to limit the duration of cytosolic Ca2+ signals. It forms complexes with the glycoprotein neuroplastin (Np) isoforms Np55 and Np65 and functionally interplays with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluNRs). Moreover, binding of the Np65-specific extracellular domain to Ca2+-permeable GluA1-containing α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluA1Rs) was found to be required for long-term potentiation (LTP). However, the link between PMCA and iGluRs function to regulate cytosolic Ca2+ signals remained unclear. Here, we report that Np65 coordinates PMCA and iGluRs' functions to modulate the duration and amplitude of cytosolic Ca2+ transients in dendrites and spines of hippocampal neurons. Using live-cell Ca2+ imaging, acute pharmacological treatments, and GCaMP5G-expressing hippocampal neurons, we discovered that endogenous or Np65-promoted PMCA activity contributes to the restoration of basal Ca2+ levels and that this effect is dependent on iGluR activation. Super-resolution STED and confocal microscopy revealed that electrical stimulation increases the abundance of synaptic neuroplastin-PMCA complexes depending on iGluR activation and that low-rate overexpression of Np65 doubled PMCA levels and decreased cell surface levels of GluN2A and GluA1 in dendrites and Shank2-positive glutamatergic synapses. In neuroplastin-deficient hippocampi, we observed reduced PMCA and unchanged GluN2B levels, while GluN2A and GluA1 levels were imbalanced. Our electrophysiological data from hippocampal slices argues for an essential interplay of PMCA with GluN2A- but not with GluN2B-containing receptors upon induction of synaptic plasticity. Accordingly, we conclude that Np65 may interconnect PMCA with core players of glutamatergic neurotransmission to fine-tune the Ca2+ signal regulation in basal synaptic function and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Malci
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Xiao Lin
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Sandoval
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany; Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile; Combinatorial Combinatorial NeuroImaging (CNI), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.
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4
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Guzmán Salas S, Weber A, Malci A, Lin X, Herrera-Molina R, Cerpa W, Dorador C, Signorelli J, Zamorano P. The metabolite p-cresol impairs dendritic development, synaptogenesis and synapse function in hippocampal neurons: Implications for autism spectrum disorder. J Neurochem 2022; 161:335-349. [PMID: 35257373 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogenous neurodevelopment disorder resulting from different etiological factors, both genetic and/or environmental. These factors can lead to abnormal neuronal development on dendrite and synaptic function at the central nervous system. Recent studies have shown that a subset of ASD patients display increased circulation levels of the tyrosine metabolite, p-cresol, related to chronic intestinal disorders due to dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota. In particular, abnormal presence of intestinal Clostridium sp. has been linked to high levels of p-cresol in ASD children younger than 8 years. However, the role of p-cresol during development of the central nervous system is unknown. Here, we evaluated in vitro the effect of p-cresol on neurite outgrowth in N2a and PC12 cell lines and dendritic morphology, synaptic density, neuronal activity, and calcium responses in primary rat hippocampal neurons. p-cresol inhibits neural differentiation and neurites outgrowth in N2a and PC12 neuronal cell lines. In hippocampal neuronal cultures, Sholl´s analysis shows a decrease in the dendritic arborization of neurons treated with p-cresol. Synaptic density analyzed with the synaptic markers Piccolo and Shank2 is diminished in hippocampal neurons treated with p-cresol. Electrically-evoked intracellular calcium rise was drastically, but reversely, blocked by p-cresol, whereas that spontaneous neuronal activity was severely affected by early addition of the metabolite. These findings show that p-cresol alters dendrite development, synaptogenesis and synapse function of neurons in culture, therefore, neuronal alterations occurring in ASD children may be related to this metabolite and dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheyla Guzmán Salas
- Departamento Biomédico, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.,Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering CeBiB, Antofagasta
| | - André Weber
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ayse Malci
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Xiao Lin
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences and Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Waldo Cerpa
- Laboratorio de Función y Patología Neuronal; Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA); Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile.,Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE); Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristina Dorador
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioengineering CeBiB, Antofagasta.,Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | | | - Pedro Zamorano
- Departamento Biomédico, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile.,Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
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5
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Ilic K, Lin X, Malci A, Stojanović M, Puljko B, Rožman M, Vukelić Ž, Heffer M, Montag D, Schnaar RL, Kalanj-Bognar S, Herrera-Molina R, Mlinac-Jerkovic K. Plasma Membrane Calcium ATPase-Neuroplastin Complexes Are Selectively Stabilized in GM1-Containing Lipid Rafts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413590. [PMID: 34948386 PMCID: PMC8708829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent identification of plasma membrane (Ca2+)-ATPase (PMCA)-Neuroplastin (Np) complexes has renewed attention on cell regulation of cytosolic calcium extrusion, which is of particular relevance in neurons. Here, we tested the hypothesis that PMCA-Neuroplastin complexes exist in specific ganglioside-containing rafts, which could affect calcium homeostasis. We analyzed the abundance of all four PMCA paralogs (PMCA1-4) and Neuroplastin isoforms (Np65 and Np55) in lipid rafts and bulk membrane fractions from GM2/GD2 synthase-deficient mouse brains. In these fractions, we found altered distribution of Np65/Np55 and selected PMCA isoforms, namely PMCA1 and 2. Cell surface staining and confocal microscopy identified GM1 as the main complex ganglioside co-localizing with Neuroplastin in cultured hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, blocking GM1 with a specific antibody resulted in delayed calcium restoration of electrically evoked calcium transients in the soma of hippocampal neurons. The content and composition of all ganglioside species were unchanged in Neuroplastin-deficient mouse brains. Therefore, we conclude that altered composition or disorganization of ganglioside-containing rafts results in changed regulation of calcium signals in neurons. We propose that GM1 could be a key sphingolipid for ensuring proper location of the PMCA-Neuroplastin complexes into rafts in order to participate in the regulation of neuronal calcium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Ilic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.I.); (M.S.); (B.P.); (S.K.-B.)
- BRAIN Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IOPPN), King’s College London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Xiao Lin
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (X.L.); (D.M.)
- Synaptic Signalling Laboratory, Combinatorial NeuroImaging, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.M.); (R.H.-M.)
| | - Ayse Malci
- Synaptic Signalling Laboratory, Combinatorial NeuroImaging, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.M.); (R.H.-M.)
| | - Mario Stojanović
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.I.); (M.S.); (B.P.); (S.K.-B.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Borna Puljko
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.I.); (M.S.); (B.P.); (S.K.-B.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Marko Rožman
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Željka Vukelić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Marija Heffer
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Dirk Montag
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (X.L.); (D.M.)
| | - Ronald L. Schnaar
- Departments of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Svjetlana Kalanj-Bognar
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.I.); (M.S.); (B.P.); (S.K.-B.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Synaptic Signalling Laboratory, Combinatorial NeuroImaging, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (A.M.); (R.H.-M.)
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8307993, Chile
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Mlinac-Jerkovic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.I.); (M.S.); (B.P.); (S.K.-B.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Correspondence:
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6
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Abstract
Molecular mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases are insufficiently elucidated. A detailed understanding of these mechanisms may help to further improve medical intervention. Recently, intellectual abilities, creativity, and amnesia have been associated with neuroplastin, a cell recognition glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily that participates in synapse formation and function and calcium signaling. Data from animal models suggest a role for neuroplastin in pathways affected in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroplastin loss or disruption of molecular pathways related to neuronal processes has been linked to various neurological diseases, including dementia, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease. Here, we review the molecular features of the cell recognition molecule neuroplastin, and its binding partners, which are related to neurological processes and involved in learning and memory. The emerging functions of neuroplastin may have implications for the treatment of diseases, particularly those of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (X.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yi Liang
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (X.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Combinatorial NeuroImaging (CNI), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8307993, Chile
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Montag
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany; (X.L.); (Y.L.)
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7
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Lin X, Brunk MGK, Yuanxiang P, Curran AW, Zhang E, Stöber F, Goldschmidt J, Gundelfinger ED, Vollmer M, Happel MFK, Herrera-Molina R, Montag D. Neuroplastin expression is essential for hearing and hair cell PMCA expression. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:1533-1551. [PMID: 33844052 PMCID: PMC8096745 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-021-02269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hearing deficits impact on the communication with the external world and severely compromise perception of the surrounding. Deafness can be caused by particular mutations in the neuroplastin (Nptn) gene, which encodes a transmembrane recognition molecule of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily and plasma membrane Calcium ATPase (PMCA) accessory subunit. This study investigates whether the complete absence of neuroplastin or the loss of neuroplastin in the adult after normal development lead to hearing impairment in mice analyzed by behavioral, electrophysiological, and in vivo imaging measurements. Auditory brainstem recordings from adult neuroplastin-deficient mice (Nptn-/-) show that these mice are deaf. With age, hair cells and spiral ganglion cells degenerate in Nptn-/- mice. Adult Nptn-/- mice fail to behaviorally respond to white noise and show reduced baseline blood flow in the auditory cortex (AC) as revealed by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). In adult Nptn-/- mice, tone-evoked cortical activity was not detectable within the primary auditory field (A1) of the AC, although we observed non-persistent tone-like evoked activities in electrophysiological recordings of some young Nptn-/- mice. Conditional ablation of neuroplastin in Nptnlox/loxEmx1Cre mice reveals that behavioral responses to simple tones or white noise do not require neuroplastin expression by central glutamatergic neurons. Loss of neuroplastin from hair cells in adult NptnΔlox/loxPrCreERT mice after normal development is correlated with increased hearing thresholds and only high prepulse intensities result in effective prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle response. Furthermore, we show that neuroplastin is required for the expression of PMCA 2 in outer hair cells. This suggests that altered Ca2+ homeostasis underlies the observed hearing impairments and leads to hair cell degeneration. Our results underline the importance of neuroplastin for the development and the maintenance of the auditory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael G K Brunk
- Department System Physiology and Learning, AG CortXplorer, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Pingan Yuanxiang
- Research Group Neuroplasticity, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andrew W Curran
- Department System Physiology and Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Enqi Zhang
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, University Hospital, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Stöber
- Department System Physiology and Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Goldschmidt
- Department System Physiology and Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Department Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Molecular Neuroscience, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, University Hospital, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Maike Vollmer
- Department System Physiology and Learning, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, University Hospital, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Max F K Happel
- Department System Physiology and Learning, AG CortXplorer, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Department Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Centro Integrativo de Biología Y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, 8307993, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Montag
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.
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8
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Vemula SK, Malci A, Junge L, Lehmann AC, Rama R, Hradsky J, Matute RA, Weber A, Prigge M, Naumann M, Kreutz MR, Seidenbecher CI, Gundelfinger ED, Herrera-Molina R. The Interaction of TRAF6 With Neuroplastin Promotes Spinogenesis During Early Neuronal Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:579513. [PMID: 33363141 PMCID: PMC7755605 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.579513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Correct brain wiring depends on reliable synapse formation. Nevertheless, signaling codes promoting synaptogenesis are not fully understood. Here, we report a spinogenic mechanism that operates during neuronal development and is based on the interaction of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) with the synaptic cell adhesion molecule neuroplastin. The interaction between these proteins was predicted in silico and verified by co-immunoprecipitation in extracts from rat brain and co-transfected HEK cells. Binding assays show physical interaction between neuroplastin’s C-terminus and the TRAF-C domain of TRAF6 with a Kd value of 88 μM. As the two proteins co-localize in primordial dendritic protrusions, we used young cultures of rat and mouse as well as neuroplastin-deficient mouse neurons and showed with mutagenesis, knock-down, and pharmacological blockade that TRAF6 is required by neuroplastin to promote early spinogenesis during in vitro days 6-9, but not later. Time-framed TRAF6 blockade during days 6–9 reduced mEPSC amplitude, number of postsynaptic sites, synapse density and neuronal activity as neurons mature. Our data unravel a new molecular liaison that may emerge during a specific window of the neuronal development to determine excitatory synapse density in the rodent brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampath Kumar Vemula
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ayse Malci
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lennart Junge
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne-Christin Lehmann
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ramya Rama
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hradsky
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ricardo A Matute
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States.,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - André Weber
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Prigge
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael R Kreutz
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Leibniz Group 'Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function', Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
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9
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García F, Lobos P, Ponce A, Cataldo K, Meza D, Farías P, Estay C, Oyarzun-Ampuero F, Herrera-Molina R, Paula-Lima A, Ardiles ÁO, Hidalgo C, Adasme T, Muñoz P. Astaxanthin Counteracts Excitotoxicity and Reduces the Ensuing Increases in Calcium Levels and Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Generation. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18060335. [PMID: 32604880 PMCID: PMC7345213 DOI: 10.3390/md18060335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin (ASX) is a carotenoid pigment with strong antioxidant properties. We have reported previously that ASX protects neurons from the noxious effects of amyloid-β peptide oligomers, which promote excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) production and induce a sustained increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration. These properties make ASX a promising therapeutic agent against pathological conditions that entail oxidative and Ca2+ dysregulation. Here, we studied whether ASX protects neurons from N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced excitotoxicity, a noxious process which decreases cellular viability, alters gene expression and promotes excessive mROS production. Incubation of the neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y with NMDA decreased cellular viability and increased mitochondrial superoxide production; pre-incubation with ASX prevented these effects. Additionally, incubation of SH-SY5Y cells with ASX effectively reduced the basal mROS production and prevented hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death. In primary hippocampal neurons, transfected with a genetically encoded cytoplasmic Ca2+ sensor, ASX also prevented the increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration induced by NMDA. We suggest that, by preventing the noxious mROS and Ca2+ increases that occur under excitotoxic conditions, ASX could be useful as a therapeutic agent in neurodegenerative pathologies that involve alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis and ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca García
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Plasticity, Department of Pathology and Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile; (F.G.); (A.P.); (K.C.); (D.M.); (P.F.); (C.E.); (Á.O.A.)
- Translational Neurology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Biomedical Research Center, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
| | - Pedro Lobos
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (P.L.); (A.P.-L.); (C.H.)
| | - Alejandra Ponce
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Plasticity, Department of Pathology and Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile; (F.G.); (A.P.); (K.C.); (D.M.); (P.F.); (C.E.); (Á.O.A.)
- Translational Neurology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Biomedical Research Center, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
| | - Karla Cataldo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Plasticity, Department of Pathology and Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile; (F.G.); (A.P.); (K.C.); (D.M.); (P.F.); (C.E.); (Á.O.A.)
- Translational Neurology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Biomedical Research Center, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
| | - Daniela Meza
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Plasticity, Department of Pathology and Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile; (F.G.); (A.P.); (K.C.); (D.M.); (P.F.); (C.E.); (Á.O.A.)
- Translational Neurology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Biomedical Research Center, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
| | - Patricio Farías
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Plasticity, Department of Pathology and Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile; (F.G.); (A.P.); (K.C.); (D.M.); (P.F.); (C.E.); (Á.O.A.)
- Translational Neurology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Biomedical Research Center, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
| | - Carolina Estay
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Plasticity, Department of Pathology and Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile; (F.G.); (A.P.); (K.C.); (D.M.); (P.F.); (C.E.); (Á.O.A.)
- Translational Neurology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Biomedical Research Center, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
| | - Felipe Oyarzun-Ampuero
- Department of Technology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile;
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
| | - Andrea Paula-Lima
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (P.L.); (A.P.-L.); (C.H.)
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Álvaro O. Ardiles
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Plasticity, Department of Pathology and Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile; (F.G.); (A.P.); (K.C.); (D.M.); (P.F.); (C.E.); (Á.O.A.)
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroscience of Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2381850, Chile
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Studies, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile; (P.L.); (A.P.-L.); (C.H.)
- Department of Neurosciences and Program of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Tatiana Adasme
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
- Correspondence: (T.A.); (P.M.); Tel.: +56-29-786-496 (T.A.); +56-32-250-7368 (P.M.)
| | - Pablo Muñoz
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Plasticity, Department of Pathology and Physiology, Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile; (F.G.); (A.P.); (K.C.); (D.M.); (P.F.); (C.E.); (Á.O.A.)
- Translational Neurology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Biomedical Research Center, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2341386, Chile
- Correspondence: (T.A.); (P.M.); Tel.: +56-29-786-496 (T.A.); +56-32-250-7368 (P.M.)
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10
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Ilic K, Auer B, Mlinac-Jerkovic K, Herrera-Molina R. Neuronal Signaling by Thy-1 in Nanodomains With Specific Ganglioside Composition: Shall We Open the Door to a New Complexity? Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:27. [PMID: 30899760 PMCID: PMC6416198 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thy-1 is a small membrane glycoprotein and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules. It is abundantly expressed in many cell types including neurons and is anchored to the outer membrane leaflet via a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol tail. Thy-1 displays a number of interesting properties such as fast lateral diffusion, which allows it to get in and out of membrane nanodomains with different lipid composition. Thy-1 displays a broad expression in different cell types and plays confirmed roles in cell development, adhesion and differentiation. Here, we explored the functions of Thy-1 in neuronal signaling, initiated by extracellular binding of αVβ3 integrin, may strongly dependent on the lipid content of the cell membrane. Also, we assort literature suggesting the association of Thy-1 with specific components of lipid rafts such as sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids, called gangliosides. Furthermore, we argue that Thy-1 positioning in nanodomains may be influenced by gangliosides. We propose that the traditional conception of Thy-1 localization in rafts should be reconsidered and evaluated in detail based on the potential diversity of neuronal nanodomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Ilic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Benedikt Auer
- Laboratory of Neuronal and Synaptic Signals, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Mlinac-Jerkovic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Laboratory of Neuronal and Synaptic Signals, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
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11
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Bruna B, Lobos P, Herrera-Molina R, Hidalgo C, Paula-Lima A, Adasme T. The signaling pathways underlying BDNF-induced Nrf2 hippocampal nuclear translocation involve ROS, RyR-Mediated Ca 2+ signals, ERK and PI3K. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:201-207. [PMID: 30243728 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The neurotrophin Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) induces complex neuronal signaling cascades that are critical for the cellular changes underlying synaptic plasticity. These pathways include activation of Ca2+ entry via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and sequential activation of nitric oxide synthase and NADPH oxidase, which via generation of reactive nitrogen/oxygen species stimulate Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release mediated by Ryanodine Receptor (RyR) channels. These sequential events underlie BDNF-induced spine remodeling and type-2 RyR up-regulation. In addition, BDNF induces the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor Nrf2, a master regulator of antioxidant protein expression that protects cells against the oxidative damage caused by injury and inflammation. To investigate the possible BDNF-induced signaling cascades that mediate Nrf2 nuclear translocation in primary hippocampal cultures, we tested here whether reactive oxygen species, RyR-mediated Ca2+ release, ERK or PI3K contribute to this response. We found that pre-incubation of cultures with inhibitory ryanodine to suppress RyR-mediated Ca2+ release, with the reducing agent N-acetylcysteine or with inhibitors of ERK or PI3K activity, prevented the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 induced by incubation for 6 h with BFNF. Based on these combined results, we propose that the key role played by BDNF as an inducer of neuronal antioxidant responses, characterized by BDNF-induced Nfr2 nuclear translocation, entails crosstalk between reactive oxygen species and RyR-mediated Ca2+ release, and the participation of ERK and PI3K activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Bruna
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Lobos
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany; Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Paula-Lima
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tatiana Adasme
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile.
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12
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Lang D, Schott BH, van Ham M, Morton L, Kulikovskaja L, Herrera-Molina R, Pielot R, Klawonn F, Montag D, Jänsch L, Gundelfinger ED, Smalla KH, Dunay IR. Chronic Toxoplasma infection is associated with distinct alterations in the synaptic protein composition. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:216. [PMID: 30068357 PMCID: PMC6090988 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1242-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic infection with the neurotropic parasite Toxoplasma gondii has been implicated in the risk for several neuropsychiatric disorders. The mechanisms, by which the parasite may alter neural function and behavior of the host, are not yet understood completely. Methods Here, a novel proteomic approach using mass spectrometry was employed to investigate the alterations in synaptic protein composition in a murine model of chronic toxoplasmosis. In a candidate-based strategy, immunoblot analysis and immunohistochemistry were applied to investigate the expression levels of key synaptic proteins in glutamatergic signaling. Results A comparison of the synaptosomal protein composition revealed distinct changes upon infection, with multiple proteins such as EAAT2, Shank3, AMPA receptor, and NMDA receptor subunits being downregulated, whereas inflammation-related proteins showed an upregulation. Treatment with the antiparasitic agent sulfadiazine strongly reduced tachyzoite levels and diminished neuroinflammatory mediators. However, in both conditions, a significant number of latent cysts persisted in the brain. Conversely, infection-related alterations of key synaptic protein levels could be partly reversed by the treatment. Conclusion These results provide evidence for profound changes especially in synaptic protein composition in T. gondii-infected mice with a downregulation of pivotal components of glutamatergic neurotransmission. Our results suggest that the detected synaptic alterations are a consequence of the distinct neuroinflammatory milieu caused by the neurotropic parasite. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-018-1242-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lang
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marco van Ham
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Cellular Proteomics Group, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lorena Morton
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Leonora Kulikovskaja
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rainer Pielot
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Cellular Proteomics Group, Braunschweig, Germany.,Department of Computer Science, Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Wolfenbuettel, Germany
| | - Dirk Montag
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lothar Jänsch
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Cellular Proteomics Group, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.,Molecular Neurobiology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karl Heinz Smalla
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ildiko Rita Dunay
- Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany. .,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.
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13
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Lagos-Cabré R, Brenet M, Díaz J, Pérez RD, Pérez LA, Herrera-Molina R, Quest AFG, Leyton L. Intracellular Ca 2+ Increases and Connexin 43 Hemichannel Opening Are Necessary but Not Sufficient for Thy-1-Induced Astrocyte Migration. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2179. [PMID: 30049932 PMCID: PMC6121259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Under pro-inflammatory conditions, astrocytes become reactive and acquire a migratory phenotype. Our results show that hemichannels formed by connexin 43 (Cx43) play an important role in Thy-1-induced astrocyte migration. The neuronal protein Thy-1 binds to αvβ3 integrin in astrocytes, thereby leading to intricate signaling pathways that include calcium (Ca2+) release from intracellular stores, opening of Cx43 hemichannels, release of ATP, activation of P2X7 receptor, and Ca2+ influx. However, because these Thy-1 effects occur exclusively in reactive astrocytes, we wondered whether by elevating calcium levels and promoting hemichannel opening we could prompt non-reactive astrocytes to respond to Thy-1. Cx43 immunoreactivity increased at juxta-membrane sites, where hemichannels (not gap junctions) participate in astrocyte polarization and migration stimulated by Thy-1. Also, intracellular Ca2+ increase, due to ionomycin treatment, induced hemichannel opening, but activated astrocyte migration only partially, and this limitation was overcome by pre-treatment with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and Thy-1. Finally, αvβ3 integrin formed membrane clusters after TNF stimulation or overexpression of β3 integrin. We suggest that these microclusters are required for cells to respond to Thy-1 stimulation. Therefore, the large increase in intracellular Ca2+ and hemichannel opening induced by ionomycin are required, but not sufficient, to permit Thy-1-induced astrocyte migration. Thus, we suggest that proinflammatory stimuli prompt astrocytes to respond to migratory signals of neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Lagos-Cabré
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
| | - Marianne Brenet
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
| | - Jorge Díaz
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
| | - Ramón D Pérez
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
| | - Leonardo A Pérez
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany.
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago 837-0993, Chile.
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 838-0453, Chile.
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14
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Lagos-Cabré R, Alvarez A, Kong M, Burgos-Bravo F, Cárdenas A, Rojas-Mancilla E, Pérez-Nuñez R, Herrera-Molina R, Rojas F, Schneider P, Herrera-Marschitz M, Quest AFG, van Zundert B, Leyton L. α Vβ 3 Integrin regulates astrocyte reactivity. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:194. [PMID: 28962574 PMCID: PMC5622429 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0968-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation involves cytokine release, astrocyte reactivity and migration. Neuronal Thy-1 promotes DITNC1 astrocyte migration by engaging αVβ3 Integrin and Syndecan-4. Primary astrocytes express low levels of these receptors and are unresponsive to Thy-1; thus, inflammation and astrocyte reactivity might be necessary for Thy-1-induced responses. Methods Wild-type rat astrocytes (TNF-activated) or from human SOD1G93A transgenic mice (a neurodegenerative disease model) were used to evaluate cell migration, Thy-1 receptor levels, signaling molecules, and reactivity markers. Results Thy-1 induced astrocyte migration only after TNF priming. Increased expression of αVβ3 Integrin, Syndecan-4, P2X7R, Pannexin-1, Connexin-43, GFAP, and iNOS were observed in TNF-treated astrocytes. Silencing of β3 Integrin prior to TNF treatment prevented Thy-1-induced migration, while β3 Integrin over-expression was sufficient to induce astrocyte reactivity and allow Thy-1-induced migration. Finally, hSOD1G93A astrocytes behave as TNF-treated astrocytes since they were reactive and responsive to Thy-1. Conclusions Therefore, inflammation induces expression of αVβ3 Integrin and other proteins, astrocyte reactivity, and Thy-1 responsiveness. Importantly, ectopic control of β3 Integrin levels modulates these responses regardless of inflammation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-017-0968-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Lagos-Cabré
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programme of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alvaro Alvarez
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programme of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastian, Santiago, Chile
| | - Milene Kong
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programme of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Francesca Burgos-Bravo
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programme of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Areli Cárdenas
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programme of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, 837-0854, Santiago, Chile
| | - Edgardo Rojas-Mancilla
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, 837-0854, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramón Pérez-Nuñez
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programme of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Fabiola Rojas
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pascal Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Mario Herrera-Marschitz
- Programme of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programme of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Brigitte van Zundert
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Programme of Cellular & Molecular Biology, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile. .,Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 838-0453, Santiago, Chile.
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15
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Herrera-Molina R, Mlinac-Jerkovic K, Ilic K, Stöber F, Vemula SK, Sandoval M, Milosevic NJ, Simic G, Smalla KH, Goldschmidt J, Bognar SK, Montag D. Neuroplastin deletion in glutamatergic neurons impairs selective brain functions and calcium regulation: implication for cognitive deterioration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7273. [PMID: 28779130 PMCID: PMC5544750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07839-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell adhesion molecule neuroplastin (Np) is a novel candidate to influence human intelligence. Np-deficient mice display complex cognitive deficits and reduced levels of Plasma Membrane Ca2+ ATPases (PMCAs), an essential regulator of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([iCa2+]) and neuronal activity. We show abundant expression and conserved cellular and molecular features of Np in glutamatergic neurons in human hippocampal-cortical pathways as characterized for the rodent brain. In Nptnlox/loxEmx1Cre mice, glutamatergic neuron-selective Np ablation resulted in behavioral deficits indicating hippocampal, striatal, and sensorimotor dysfunction paralleled by highly altered activities in hippocampal CA1 area, sensorimotor cortex layers I-III/IV, and the striatal sensorimotor domain detected by single-photon emission computed tomography. Altered hippocampal and cortical activities correlated with reduction of distinct PMCA paralogs in Nptnlox/loxEmx1Cre mice and increased [iCa2+] in cultured mutant neurons. Human and rodent Np enhanced the post-transcriptional expression of and co-localized with PMCA paralogs in the plasma membrane of transfected cells. Our results indicate Np as essential for PMCA expression in glutamatergic neurons allowing proper [iCa2+] regulation and normal circuit activity. Neuron-type-specific Np ablation empowers the investigation of circuit-coded learning and memory and identification of causal mechanisms leading to cognitive deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Mlinac-Jerkovic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katarina Ilic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Franziska Stöber
- Department of Systems Physiology; Special Laboratories, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sampath Kumar Vemula
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mauricio Sandoval
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Natasa Jovanov Milosevic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Simic
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karl-Heinz Smalla
- Department of Molecular Biology Techniques, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Goldschmidt
- Department of Systems Physiology; Special Laboratories, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Svjetlana Kalanj Bognar
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dirk Montag
- Neurogenetics, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.
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16
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Bhattacharya S, Herrera-Molina R, Sabanov V, Ahmed T, Iscru E, Stöber F, Richter K, Fischer KD, Angenstein F, Goldschmidt J, Beesley PW, Balschun D, Smalla KH, Gundelfinger ED, Montag D. Genetically Induced Retrograde Amnesia of Associative Memories After Neuroplastin Ablation. Biol Psychiatry 2017; 81:124-135. [PMID: 27215477 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.03.2107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroplastin cell recognition molecules have been implicated in synaptic plasticity. Polymorphisms in the regulatory region of the human neuroplastin gene (NPTN) are correlated with cortical thickness and intellectual abilities in adolescents and in individuals with schizophrenia. METHODS We characterized behavioral and functional changes in inducible conditional neuroplastin-deficient mice. RESULTS We demonstrate that neuroplastins are required for associative learning in conditioning paradigms, e.g., two-way active avoidance and fear conditioning. Retrograde amnesia of learned associative memories is elicited by inducible neuron-specific ablation of Nptn gene expression in adult mice, which shows that neuroplastins are indispensable for the availability of previously acquired associative memories. Using single-photon emission computed tomography imaging in awake mice, we identified brain structures activated during memory recall. Constitutive neuroplastin deficiency or Nptn gene ablation in adult mice causes substantial electrophysiologic deficits such as reduced long-term potentiation. In addition, neuroplastin-deficient mice reveal profound physiologic and behavioral deficits, some of which are related to depression and schizophrenia, which illustrate neuroplastin's essential functions. CONCLUSIONS Neuroplastins are essential for learning and memory. Retrograde amnesia after an associative learning task can be induced by ablation of the neuroplastin gene. The inducible neuroplastin-deficient mouse model provides a new and unique means to analyze the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying retrograde amnesia and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumee Bhattacharya
- Neurogenetics Special Laboratory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Special Laboratory Electron and Laserscanning Microscopy, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Victor Sabanov
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tariq Ahmed
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emilia Iscru
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Franziska Stöber
- Research Group Neuropharmacology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karin Richter
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Fischer
- Institute for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Angenstein
- Special Laboratory Noninvasive Brain Imaging, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Helmholtz Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Neurosciences and Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Goldschmidt
- Department Systems Physiology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Philip W Beesley
- Special Laboratory for Molecular Biology Techniques, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Karl-Heinz Smalla
- Special Laboratory for Molecular Biology Techniques, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Neurosciences and Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Helmholtz Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Neurosciences and Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Montag
- Neurogenetics Special Laboratory, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.
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17
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Beesley PW, Herrera-Molina R, Smalla KH, Seidenbecher C. The Neuroplastin adhesion molecules: key regulators of neuronal plasticity and synaptic function. J Neurochem 2014; 131:268-83. [PMID: 25040546 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The Neuroplastins Np65 and Np55 are neuronal and synapse-enriched immunoglobulin superfamily molecules that play important roles in a number of key neuronal and synaptic functions including, for Np65, cell adhesion. In this review we focus on the physiological roles of the Neuroplastins in promoting neurite outgrowth, regulating the structure and function of both inhibitory and excitatory synapses in brain, and in neuronal and synaptic plasticity. We discuss the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms by which the Neuroplastins exert their physiological effects and how these are dependent upon the structural features of Np65 and Np55, which enable them to bind to a diverse range of protein partners. In turn this enables the Neuroplastins to interact with a number of key neuronal signalling cascades. These include: binding to and activation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor; Np65 trans-homophilic binding leading to activation of p38 MAPK and internalization of glutamate (GluR1) receptor subunits; acting as accessory proteins for monocarboxylate transporters, thus affecting neuronal energy supply, and binding to GABAA α1, 2 and 5 subunits, thus regulating the composition and localization of GABAA receptors. An emerging theme is the role of the Neuroplastins in regulating the trafficking and subcellular localization of specific binding partners. We also discuss the involvement of Neuroplastins in a number of pathophysiological conditions, including ischaemia, schizophrenia and breast cancer and the role of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the human Neuroplastin (NPTN) gene locus in impairment of cortical development and cognitive functions. Neuroplastins are neuronal cell adhesion molecules, which induce neurite outgrowth and play important roles in synaptic maturation and plasticity. This review summarizes the functional implications of Neuroplastins for correct synaptic membrane protein localization, neuronal energy supply, expression of LTP and LTD, animal and human behaviour, and pathophysiology and disease. It focuses particularly on Neuroplastin binding partners and signalling mechanisms, and proposes perspectives for future research on these important immunoglobulin superfamily members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip W Beesley
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK
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18
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Herrera-Molina R, Sarto-Jackson I, Montenegro-Venegas C, Heine M, Smalla KH, Seidenbecher CI, Beesley PW, Gundelfinger ED, Montag D. Structure of excitatory synapses and GABAA receptor localization at inhibitory synapses are regulated by neuroplastin-65. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:8973-88. [PMID: 24554721 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.514992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation, maintenance, and activity of excitatory and inhibitory synapses are essential for neuronal network function. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are crucially involved in these processes. The CAM neuroplastin-65 (Np65) highly expressed during periods of synapse formation and stabilization is present at the pre- and postsynaptic membranes. Np65 can translocate into synapses in response to electrical stimulation and it interacts with subtypes of GABAA receptors in inhibitory synapses. Here, we report that in the murine hippocampus and in hippocampal primary culture, neurons of the CA1 region and the dentate gyrus (DG) express high Np65 levels, whereas expression in CA3 neurons is lower. In neuroplastin-deficient (Np(-/-)) mice the number of excitatory synapses in CA1 and DG, but not CA3 regions is reduced. Notably this picture is mirrored in mature Np(-/-) hippocampal cultures or in mature CA1 and DG wild-type (Np(+/+)) neurons treated with a function-blocking recombinant Np65-Fc extracellular fragment. Although the number of GABAergic synapses was unchanged in Np(-/-) neurons or in mature Np65-Fc-treated Np(+/+) neurons, the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory synapses was significantly lower in Np(-/-) cultures. Furthermore, GABAA receptor composition was altered at inhibitory synapses in Np(-/-) neurons as the α1 to α2 GABAA receptor subunit ratio was increased. Changes of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic function in Np(-/-) neurons were confirmed evaluating the presynaptic release function and using patch clamp recording. These data demonstrate that Np65 is an important regulator of the number and function of synapses in the hippocampus.
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19
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Sandoval M, Luarte A, Herrera-Molina R, Varas-Godoy M, Santibáñez M, Rubio FJ, Smit AB, Gundelfinger ED, Li KW, Smalla KH, Wyneken U. The glycolytic enzyme aldolase C is up-regulated in rat forebrain microsomes and in the cerebrospinal fluid after repetitive fluoxetine treatment. Brain Res 2013; 1520:1-14. [PMID: 23688545 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The antidepressant drug fluoxetine is widely used for the treatment of a broad range of psychiatric disorders. Its mechanism of action is thought to involve cellular adaptations that are induced with a slow time course after initiation of treatment. To gain insight into the signaling pathways underlying such changes, the expression levels of proteins in a microsomal sub-fraction enriched in intracellular membranes from the rat forebrain was analyzed after two weeks of treatment with fluoxetine. Proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and the differentially regulated protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry. Protein network analysis suggested that most of the identified proteins could potentially be regulated by the insulin family of proteins. Among them, Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase C (AldoC), a glycolytic/gluconeogenic enzyme primarily expressed in forebrain astrocytes, was up-regulated 7.6-fold. An immunohistochemical analysis of the dorsal hippocampus revealed a robust decrease (43±2%) in the co-localization of AldoC and the astrocyte marker GFAP and a diffuse staining pattern, compatible with AldoC secretion into the extracellular space. Consistently, AldoC, contained in an exosome-like fraction in astrocyte conditioned medium, increased significantly in the cerebrospinal fluid. Our findings strongly favor a non-canonic signaling role for AldoC in cellular adaptations induced by repetitive fluoxetine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Sandoval
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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20
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Kong M, Muñoz N, Valdivia A, Alvarez A, Herrera-Molina R, Cárdenas A, Schneider P, Burridge K, Quest AFG, Leyton L. Thy-1-mediated cell-cell contact induces astrocyte migration through the engagement of αVβ3 integrin and syndecan-4. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1833:1409-20. [PMID: 23481656 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix proteins occurs through interactions with integrins that bind to Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) tripeptides, and syndecan-4, which recognizes the heparin-binding domain of other proteins. Both receptors trigger signaling pathways, including those that activate RhoGTPases such as RhoA and Rac1. This sequence of events modulates cell adhesion to the ECM and cell migration. Using a neuron-astrocyte model, we have reported that the neuronal protein Thy-1 engages αVβ3 integrin and syndecan-4 to induce RhoA activation and strong astrocyte adhesion to their underlying substrate. Thus, because cell-cell interactions and strong cell attachment to the matrix are considered antagonistic to cell migration, we hypothesized that Thy-1 stimulation of astrocytes should preclude cell migration. Here, we studied the effect of Thy-1 expressing neurons on astrocyte polarization and migration using a wound-healing assay and immunofluorescence analysis. Signaling molecules involved were studied by affinity precipitation, western blotting and the usage of specific antibodies. Intriguingly, Thy-1 interaction with its two receptors was found to increase astrocyte polarization and migration. The latter events required interactions of these receptors with both the RGD-like sequence and the heparin-binding domain of Thy-1. Additionally, prolonged Thy-1-receptor interactions inhibited RhoA activation while activating FAK, PI3K and Rac1. Therefore, sustained engagement of integrin and syndecan-4 with the neuronal surface protein Thy-1 induces astrocyte migration. Interestingly we identify here, a cell-cell interaction that despite initially inducing strong cell attachment, favors cell migration upon persistent stimulation by engaging the same signaling receptors and molecules as those utilized by the extracellular matrix proteins to stimulate cell movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milene Kong
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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21
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Herrera-Molina R, Flores B, Orellana JA, von Bernhardi R. Modulation of interferon-γ-induced glial cell activation by transforming growth factor β1: a role for STAT1 and MAPK pathways. J Neurochem 2012; 123:113-23. [PMID: 22823229 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07887.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Overactivated glial cells can produce neurotoxic oxidant molecules such as nitric oxide (NO·) and superoxide anion (O(2)·(-)). We have previously reported that transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) released by hippocampal cells modulates interferon-γ (IFNγ)-induced production of O(2)·(-) and NO· by glial cells. However, underlying molecular mechanisms are not completely understood, thereby, the aim of this work was to study the effect of TGFβ1 on IFNγ-induced signaling pathways. We found that costimulation with TGFβ1 decreased IFNγ-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-type-1 (STAT1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which correlated with a reduced O(2)·(-) and NO· production in mixed and purified glial cultures. Moreover, IFNγ caused a decrease in TGFβ1-mediated phosphorylation of P38, whereas pre-treatment with ERK and P38 inhibitors decreased IFNγ-induced phosphorylation of STAT1 on serine727 and production of radical species. These results suggested that modulation of glial activation by TGFβ1 is mediated by deactivation of MAPKs. Notably, TGFβ1 increased the levels of MAPK phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), whose participation in TGFβ1-mediated modulation was confirmed by MKP-1 siRNA transfection in mixed and purified glial cultures. Our results indicate that the cross-talk between IFNγ and TGFβ1 might regulate the activation of glial cells and that TGFβ1 modulated IFNγ-induced production of neurotoxic oxidant molecules through STAT1, ERK, and P38 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Departamento de Neurología, Laboratorio de Neurosciencias, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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22
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Herrera-Molina R, Frischknecht R, Maldonado H, Seidenbecher CI, Gundelfinger ED, Hetz C, Aylwin MDLL, Schneider P, Quest AFG, Leyton L. Astrocytic αVβ3 integrin inhibits neurite outgrowth and promotes retraction of neuronal processes by clustering Thy-1. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34295. [PMID: 22479590 PMCID: PMC3316703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Thy-1 is a membrane glycoprotein suggested to stabilize or inhibit growth of neuronal processes. However, its precise function has remained obscure, because its endogenous ligand is unknown. We previously showed that Thy-1 binds directly to α(V)β(3) integrin in trans eliciting responses in astrocytes. Nonetheless, whether α(V)β(3) integrin might also serve as a Thy-1-ligand triggering a neuronal response has not been explored. Thus, utilizing primary neurons and a neuron-derived cell line CAD, Thy-1-mediated effects of α(V)β(3) integrin on growth and retraction of neuronal processes were tested. In astrocyte-neuron co-cultures, endogenous α(V)β(3) integrin restricted neurite outgrowth. Likewise, α(V)β(3)-Fc was sufficient to suppress neurite extension in Thy-1(+), but not in Thy-1(-) CAD cells. In differentiating primary neurons exposed to α(V)β(3)-Fc, fewer and shorter dendrites were detected. This effect was abolished by cleavage of Thy-1 from the neuronal surface using phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC). Moreover, α(V)β(3)-Fc also induced retraction of already extended Thy-1(+)-axon-like neurites in differentiated CAD cells as well as of axonal terminals in differentiated primary neurons. Axonal retraction occurred when redistribution and clustering of Thy-1 molecules in the plasma membrane was induced by α(V)β(3) integrin. Binding of α(V)β(3)-Fc was detected in Thy-1 clusters during axon retraction of primary neurons. Moreover, α(V)β(3)-Fc-induced Thy-1 clustering correlated in time and space with redistribution and inactivation of Src kinase. Thus, our data indicates that α(V)β(3) integrin is a ligand for Thy-1 that upon binding not only restricts the growth of neurites, but also induces retraction of already existing processes by inducing Thy-1 clustering. We propose that these events participate in bi-directional astrocyte-neuron communication relevant to axonal repair after neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departament of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Renato Frischknecht
- Departament of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Horacio Maldonado
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Constanze I. Seidenbecher
- Departament of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eckart D. Gundelfinger
- Departament of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María de la Luz Aylwin
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Neurociencias Integradas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pascal Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Andrew F. G. Quest
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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23
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Sarto-Jackson I, Milenkovic I, Smalla KH, Gundelfinger ED, Kaehne T, Herrera-Molina R, Thomas S, Kiebler MA, Sieghart W. The cell adhesion molecule neuroplastin-65 is a novel interaction partner of γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:14201-14. [PMID: 22389504 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.293175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels that mediate fast inhibition in the central nervous system. Depending on their subunit composition, these receptors exhibit distinct pharmacological properties and differ in their ability to interact with proteins involved in receptor anchoring at synaptic or extra-synaptic sites. Whereas GABA(A) receptors containing α1, α2, or α3 subunits are mainly located synaptically where they interact with the submembranous scaffolding protein gephyrin, receptors containing α5 subunits are predominantly found extra-synaptically and seem to interact with radixin for anchorage. Neuroplastin is a cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is involved in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Our results reveal that neuroplastin and GABA(A) receptors can be co-purified from rat brain and exhibit a direct physical interaction as demonstrated by co-precipitation and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis in a heterologous expression system. The brain-specific isoform neuroplastin-65 co-localizes with GABA(A) receptors as shown in brain sections as well as in neuronal cultures, and such complexes can either contain gephyrin or be devoid of gephyrin. Neuroplastin-65 specifically co-localizes with α1 or α2 but not with α3 subunits at GABAergic synapses. In addition, neuroplastin-65 also co-localizes with GABA(A) receptor α5 subunits at extra-synaptic sites. Down-regulation of neuroplastin-65 by shRNA causes a loss of GABA(A) receptor α2 subunits at GABAergic synapses. These results suggest that neuroplastin-65 can co-localize with a subset of GABA(A) receptor subtypes and might contribute to anchoring and/or confining GABA(A) receptors to particular synaptic or extra-synaptic sites, thus affecting receptor mobility and synaptic strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Sarto-Jackson
- Center for Brain Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Nervous System, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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24
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Henríquez M, Herrera-Molina R, Valdivia A, Alvarez A, Kong M, Muñoz N, Eisner V, Jaimovich E, Schneider P, Quest AFG, Leyton L. ATP release due to Thy-1-integrin binding induces P2X7-mediated calcium entry required for focal adhesion formation. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:1581-8. [PMID: 21502139 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.073171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thy-1, an abundant mammalian glycoprotein, interacts with αvβ3 integrin and syndecan-4 in astrocytes and thus triggers signaling events that involve RhoA and its effector p160ROCK, thereby increasing astrocyte adhesion to the extracellular matrix. The signaling cascade includes calcium-dependent activation of protein kinase Cα upstream of Rho; however, what causes the intracellular calcium transients required to promote adhesion remains unclear. Purinergic P2X7 receptors are important for astrocyte function and form large non-selective cation pores upon binding to their ligand, ATP. Thus, we evaluated whether the intracellular calcium required for Thy-1-induced cell adhesion stems from influx mediated by ATP-activated P2X7 receptors. Results show that adhesion induced by the fusion protein Thy-1-Fc was preceded by both ATP release and sustained intracellular calcium elevation. Elimination of extracellular ATP with Apyrase, chelation of extracellular calcium with EGTA, or inhibition of P2X7 with oxidized ATP, all individually blocked intracellular calcium increase and Thy-1-stimulated adhesion. Moreover, Thy-1 mutated in the integrin-binding site did not trigger ATP release, and silencing of P2X7 with specific siRNA blocked Thy-1-induced adhesion. This study is the first to demonstrate a functional link between αvβ3 integrin and P2X7 receptors, and to reveal an important, hitherto unanticipated, role for P2X7 in calcium-dependent signaling required for Thy-1-stimulated astrocyte adhesion.
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Avalos AM, Valdivia AD, Muñoz N, Herrera-Molina R, Tapia JC, Lavandero S, Chiong M, Burridge K, Schneider P, Quest AFG, Leyton L. Neuronal Thy-1 induces astrocyte adhesion by engaging syndecan-4 in a cooperative interaction with alphavbeta3 integrin that activates PKCalpha and RhoA. J Cell Sci 2009; 122:3462-71. [PMID: 19723805 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.034827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Clustering of alphavbeta3 integrin after interaction with the RGD-like integrin-binding sequence present in neuronal Thy-1 triggers formation of focal adhesions and stress fibers in astrocytes via RhoA activation. A putative heparin-binding domain is present in Thy-1, raising the possibility that this membrane protein stimulates astrocyte adhesion via engagement of an integrin and the proteoglycan syndecan-4. Indeed, heparin, heparitinase treatment and mutation of the Thy-1 heparin-binding site each inhibited Thy-1-induced RhoA activation, as well as formation of focal adhesions and stress fibers in DI TNC(1) astrocytes. These responses required both syndecan-4 binding and signaling, as evidenced by silencing syndecan-4 expression and by overexpressing a syndecan-4 mutant lacking the intracellular domain, respectively. Furthermore, lack of RhoA activation and astrocyte responses in the presence of a PKC inhibitor or a dominant-negative form of PKCalpha implicated PKCalpha and RhoA activation in these events. Therefore, combined interaction of the astrocyte alphavbeta3-integrin-syndecan-4 receptor pair with Thy-1, promotes adhesion to the underlying matrix via PKCalpha- and RhoA-dependent pathways. Importantly, signaling events triggered by such receptor cooperation are shown here to be the consequence of cell-cell rather than cell-matrix interactions. These observations are likely to be of widespread biological relevance because Thy-1-integrin binding is reportedly relevant to melanoma invasion, monocyte transmigration through endothelial cells and host defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Avalos
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
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Hermosilla T, Muñoz D, Herrera-Molina R, Valdivia A, Muñoz N, Nham SU, Schneider P, Burridge K, Quest AFG, Leyton L. Direct Thy-1/alphaVbeta3 integrin interaction mediates neuron to astrocyte communication. Biochim Biophys Acta 2008; 1783:1111-20. [PMID: 18346467 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2007] [Revised: 01/23/2008] [Accepted: 01/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Thy-1 is an abundant neuronal glycoprotein of poorly defined function. We recently provided evidence indicating that Thy-1 clusters a beta3-containing integrin in astrocytes to induce tyrosine phosphorylation, RhoA activation and the formation of focal adhesions and stress fibers. To date, the alpha subunit partner of beta3 integrin in DI TNC1 astrocytes is unknown. Similarly, the ability of neuronal, membrane-bound Thy-1 to trigger astrocyte signaling via integrin engagement remains speculation. Here, evidence that alphav forms an alphavbeta3 heterodimer in DI TNC1 astrocytes was obtained. In neuron-astrocyte association assays, the presence of either anti-alphav or anti-beta3 integrin antibodies reduced cell-cell interaction demonstrating the requirement of both integrin subunits for this association. Moreover, anti-Thy-1 antibodies blocked stimulation of astrocytes by neurons but not the binding of these two cell types. Thus, neuron-astrocyte association involved binding between molecular components in addition to the Thy-1-integrin; however, the signaling events leading to focal adhesion formation in astrocytes depended exclusively on the latter interaction. Additionally, wild-type (RLD) but not mutated (RLE) Thy-1 was shown to directly interact with alphavbeta3 integrin by Surface Plasmon Resonance analysis. This interaction was promoted by divalent cations and was species-independent. Together, these results demonstrate that the alphavbeta3 integrin heterodimer interacts directly with Thy-1 present on neuronal cells to stimulate astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Hermosilla
- Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, FONDAP, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell (CEMC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Saud K, Herrera-Molina R, Von Bernhardi R. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines regulate the ERK pathway: Implication of the timing for the activation of microglial cells. Neurotox Res 2005; 8:277-87. [PMID: 16371322 DOI: 10.1007/bf03033981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory molecules induce glial activation and the release of potentially detrimental factors capable of generating oxidative damage, such as nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2.-). Activated glial cells (astrocytes and microglia) are associated to the inflammatory process in neurodegenerative diseases. A strong inflammatory response could escape endogenous control becoming toxic to neurons and contributing to the course of the disease. We evaluated in a hippocampal cells-microglia co-culture model, if the pro-inflammatory condition induced by lipopolysaccharide + interferon-gamma (LPS+IFN-gamma) promoted damage directly or if damage was secondary to glial activation. In addition, we explored the effect of the anti-inflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), and pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on the regulation of the inflammatory response of microglia. We found that LPS+IFN-gamma-induced damage on hippocampal cultures was dependent on the presence of microglial cells. In hippocampal cultures exposed to LPS+IFN-gamma, TGF-beta1 was induced whereas in microglial cell cultures LPS+IFN-gamma induced the secretion of IL-1beta. TGF-beta1 and IL-1beta but not TNF-alpha decreased the NO production by 70-90%. PD98059, an inhibitor of MAP kinase (MEK), reduced the IFN-gamma-induced NO production by 40%. TGF-beta and IL-1beta reduced the IFN-gamma induced phosphorylation of ERK1,2 by 60% and 40%, respectively. However, the effect of IL-1beta was observed at 30 min and that of TGF-beta1 only after 24 h of exposure. We propose that acting with different timing, TGF-beta1 and IL-1beta can modulate the extracellular signal-regulated kinase ERK1,2, as a common element for different transduction pathways, regulating the amplitude and duration of glial activation in response to LPS+IFN-gamma. Cross-talk among brain cells may be key for the understanding of inflammatory mechanisms involved in pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Saud
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
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Herrera-Molina R, von Bernhardi R. Transforming growth factor-β1 produced by hippocampal cells modulates microglial reactivity in culture. Neurobiol Dis 2005; 19:229-36. [PMID: 15837578 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2005.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2004] [Revised: 11/23/2004] [Accepted: 01/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated microglia produce superoxide anion (O2-) and nitric oxide (NO), both of which can be neurotoxic. To identify regulatory mechanisms that might modulate over-activation of microglia, we evaluated the inhibition of microglial activation by factors secreted by hippocampal cells. Supernatants from hippocampal cell cultures (Hippocampal-Cm) prevented microglial O2- and NO production. LAP-TGF beta1 was present in the Hippocampal-Cm as shown by immunoblot and a TGF beta1-dependent proliferation-inhibition bioassay. LAP-TGF beta1 and TGFbeta activity increased in hippocampal cultures exposed to proinflammatory conditions (LPS and Interferon-gamma). The inhibition of O2- and NO production by Hippocampal-Cm was mimicked by the addition of recombinant TGF beta1. Treating Hippocampal-Cm with an antibody against TGF beta1 to neutralize its activity eliminated its ability to inhibit O2- and NO production. Our findings suggest that the TGF beta1 secreted by hippocampal cells modulated microglial activity. We propose that in pathological conditions, impairment of this modulatory mechanism could enhance microglia-mediated neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
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