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Blondiaux A, Jia S, Annamneedi A, Çalışkan G, Nebel J, Montenegro-Venegas C, Wykes RC, Fejtova A, Walker MC, Stork O, Gundelfinger ED, Dityatev A, Seidenbecher CI. Linking epileptic phenotypes and neural extracellular matrix remodeling signatures in mouse models of epilepsy. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 188:106324. [PMID: 37838005 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsies are multifaceted neurological disorders characterized by abnormal brain activity, e.g. caused by imbalanced synaptic excitation and inhibition. The neural extracellular matrix (ECM) is dynamically modulated by physiological and pathophysiological activity and critically involved in controlling the brain's excitability. We used different epilepsy models, i.e. mice lacking the presynaptic scaffolding protein Bassoon at excitatory, inhibitory or all synapse types as genetic models for rapidly generalizing early-onset epilepsy, and intra-hippocampal kainate injection, a model for acquired temporal lobe epilepsy, to study the relationship between epileptic seizures and ECM composition. Electroencephalogram recordings revealed Bassoon deletion at excitatory or inhibitory synapses having diverse effects on epilepsy-related phenotypes. While constitutive Bsn mutants and to a lesser extent GABAergic neuron-specific knockouts (BsnDlx5/6cKO) displayed severe epilepsy with more and stronger seizures than kainate-injected animals, mutants lacking Bassoon solely in excitatory forebrain neurons (BsnEmx1cKO) showed only mild impairments. By semiquantitative immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry we show model-specific patterns of neural ECM remodeling, and we also demonstrate significant upregulation of the ECM receptor CD44 in null and BsnDlx5/6cKO mutants. ECM-associated WFA-binding chondroitin sulfates were strongly augmented in seizure models. Strikingly, Brevican, Neurocan, Aggrecan and link proteins Hapln1 and Hapln4 levels reliably predicted seizure properties across models, suggesting a link between ECM state and epileptic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaobo Jia
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Site Magdeburg (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anil Annamneedi
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Biology, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Gürsel Çalışkan
- Institute of Biology, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Jana Nebel
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Carolina Montenegro-Venegas
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg 39120, Germany; Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Robert C Wykes
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Nanomedicine Lab & Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Center, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Anna Fejtova
- Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthew C Walker
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Oliver Stork
- Institute of Biology, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg 39120, Germany; Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Alexander Dityatev
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Site Magdeburg (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg 39120, Germany; Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg 39120, Germany.
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Raschick M, Richter A, Fischer L, Knopf L, Schult A, Yakupov R, Behnisch G, Guttek K, Düzel E, Dunay IR, Seidenbecher CI, Schraven B, Reinhold D, Schott BH. Plasma concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β are associated with hippocampal structure related to explicit memory performance in older adults. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023:10.1007/s00702-023-02638-1. [PMID: 37115329 PMCID: PMC10374779 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02638-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Human cognitive abilities, and particularly hippocampus-dependent memory performance typically decline with increasing age. Immunosenescence, the age-related disintegration of the immune system, is increasingly coming into the focus of research as a considerable factor contributing to cognitive decline. In the present study, we investigated potential associations between plasma levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and learning and memory performance as well as hippocampal anatomy in young and older adults. Plasma concentrations of the inflammation marker CRP as well as the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α and the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β1 were measured in 142 healthy adults (57 young, 24.47 ± 4.48 years; 85 older, 63.66 ± 7.32 years) who performed tests of explicit memory (Verbal Learning and Memory Test, VLMT; Wechsler Memory Scale, Logical Memory, WMS) with an additional delayed recall test after 24 h. Hippocampal volumetry and hippocampal subfield segmentation were performed using FreeSurfer, based on T1-weighted and high-resolution T2-weighted MR images. When investigating the relationship between memory performance, hippocampal structure, and plasma cytokine levels, we found that TGF-β1 concentrations were positively correlated with the volumes of the hippocampal CA4-dentate gyrus region in older adults. These volumes were in turn positively associated with better performance in the WMS, particularly in the delayed memory test. Our results support the notion that endogenous anti-inflammatory mechanisms may act as protective factors in neurocognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Raschick
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anni Richter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
| | - Larissa Fischer
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lea Knopf
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Annika Schult
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gusalija Behnisch
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karina Guttek
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ildiko Rita Dunay
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.
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Richter A, Soch J, Kizilirmak JM, Fischer L, Schütze H, Assmann A, Behnisch G, Feldhoff H, Knopf L, Raschick M, Schult A, Seidenbecher CI, Yakupov R, Düzel E, Schott BH. Single‐value scores of memory‐related brain activity reflect dissociable neuropsychological and anatomical signatures of neurocognitive aging. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:3283-3301. [PMID: 36972323 PMCID: PMC10171506 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activations show age-related differences across multiple brain regions that can be captured in summary statistics like single-value scores. Recently, we described two single-value scores reflecting deviations from prototypical whole-brain fMRI activity of young adults during novelty processing and successful encoding. Here, we investigate the brain-behavior associations of these scores with age-related neurocognitive changes in 153 healthy middle-aged and older adults. All scores were associated with episodic recall performance. The memory network scores, but not the novelty network scores, additionally correlated with medial temporal gray matter and other neuropsychological measures including flexibility. Our results thus suggest that novelty-network-based fMRI scores show high brain-behavior associations with episodic memory and that encoding-network-based fMRI scores additionally capture individual differences in other aging-related functions. More generally, our results suggest that single-value scores of memory-related fMRI provide a comprehensive measure of individual differences in network dysfunction that may contribute to age-related cognitive decline.
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Höhn L, Hußler W, Richter A, Smalla KH, Birkl-Toeglhofer AM, Birkl C, Vielhaber S, Leber SL, Gundelfinger ED, Haybaeck J, Schreiber S, Seidenbecher CI. Extracellular Matrix Changes in Subcellular Brain Fractions and Cerebrospinal Fluid of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065532. [PMID: 36982604 PMCID: PMC10058969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain’s extracellular matrix (ECM) is assumed to undergo rearrangements in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we investigated changes of key components of the hyaluronan-based ECM in independent samples of post-mortem brains (N = 19), cerebrospinal fluids (CSF; N = 70), and RNAseq data (N = 107; from The Aging, Dementia and TBI Study) of AD patients and non-demented controls. Group comparisons and correlation analyses of major ECM components in soluble and synaptosomal fractions from frontal, temporal cortex, and hippocampus of control, low-grade, and high-grade AD brains revealed a reduction in brevican in temporal cortex soluble and frontal cortex synaptosomal fractions in AD. In contrast, neurocan, aggrecan and the link protein HAPLN1 were up-regulated in soluble cortical fractions. In comparison, RNAseq data showed no correlation between aggrecan and brevican expression levels and Braak or CERAD stages, but for hippocampal expression of HAPLN1, neurocan and the brevican-interaction partner tenascin-R negative correlations with Braak stages were detected. CSF levels of brevican and neurocan in patients positively correlated with age, total tau, p-Tau, neurofilament-L and Aβ1-40. Negative correlations were detected with the Aβ ratio and the IgG index. Altogether, our study reveals spatially segregated molecular rearrangements of the ECM in AD brains at RNA or protein levels, which may contribute to the pathogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Höhn
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Hußler
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anni Richter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Smalla
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Birkl-Toeglhofer
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Birkl
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Vielhaber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan L. Leber
- Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Eckart D. Gundelfinger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Stefanie Schreiber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders (DZNE), 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I. Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), 39104 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Malci A, Lin X, Sandoval R, Gundelfinger ED, Naumann M, Seidenbecher CI, Herrera-Molina R. Ca 2+ signaling in postsynaptic neurons: Neuroplastin-65 regulates the interplay between plasma membrane Ca 2+ ATPases and ionotropic glutamate receptors. Cell Calcium 2022; 106:102623. [PMID: 35853264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Upon postsynaptic glutamate receptor activation, the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration rises and initiates signaling and plasticity in spines. The plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) is a major player to limit the duration of cytosolic Ca2+ signals. It forms complexes with the glycoprotein neuroplastin (Np) isoforms Np55 and Np65 and functionally interplays with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluNRs). Moreover, binding of the Np65-specific extracellular domain to Ca2+-permeable GluA1-containing α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA)-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluA1Rs) was found to be required for long-term potentiation (LTP). However, the link between PMCA and iGluRs function to regulate cytosolic Ca2+ signals remained unclear. Here, we report that Np65 coordinates PMCA and iGluRs' functions to modulate the duration and amplitude of cytosolic Ca2+ transients in dendrites and spines of hippocampal neurons. Using live-cell Ca2+ imaging, acute pharmacological treatments, and GCaMP5G-expressing hippocampal neurons, we discovered that endogenous or Np65-promoted PMCA activity contributes to the restoration of basal Ca2+ levels and that this effect is dependent on iGluR activation. Super-resolution STED and confocal microscopy revealed that electrical stimulation increases the abundance of synaptic neuroplastin-PMCA complexes depending on iGluR activation and that low-rate overexpression of Np65 doubled PMCA levels and decreased cell surface levels of GluN2A and GluA1 in dendrites and Shank2-positive glutamatergic synapses. In neuroplastin-deficient hippocampi, we observed reduced PMCA and unchanged GluN2B levels, while GluN2A and GluA1 levels were imbalanced. Our electrophysiological data from hippocampal slices argues for an essential interplay of PMCA with GluN2A- but not with GluN2B-containing receptors upon induction of synaptic plasticity. Accordingly, we conclude that Np65 may interconnect PMCA with core players of glutamatergic neurotransmission to fine-tune the Ca2+ signal regulation in basal synaptic function and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Malci
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Xiao Lin
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Sandoval
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany; Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile; Combinatorial Combinatorial NeuroImaging (CNI), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.
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6
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Hußler W, Höhn L, Stolz C, Vielhaber S, Garz C, Schmitt FC, Gundelfinger ED, Schreiber S, Seidenbecher CI. Brevican and Neurocan Cleavage Products in the Cerebrospinal Fluid - Differential Occurrence in ALS, Epilepsy and Small Vessel Disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:838432. [PMID: 35480959 PMCID: PMC9036369 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.838432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural extracellular matrix (ECM) composition shapes the neuronal microenvironment and undergoes substantial changes upon development and aging, but also due to cerebral pathologies. In search for potential biomarkers, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum concentrations of brain ECM molecules have been determined recently to assess ECM changes during neurological conditions including Alzheimer’s disease or vascular dementia. Here, we measured the levels of two signature proteoglycans of brain ECM, neurocan and brevican, in the CSF and serum of 96 neurological patients currently understudied regarding ECM alterations: 16 cases with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), 26 epilepsy cases, 23 cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients and 31 controls. Analysis of total brevican and neurocan was performed via sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Major brevican and neurocan cleavage products were measured in the CSF using semiquantitative immunoblotting. Total brevican and neurocan concentrations in serum and CSF did not differ between groups. The 60 kDa brevican fragment resulting from cleavage by the protease ADAMTS-4 was also found unchanged among groups. The presumably intracellularly generated 150 kDa C-terminal neurocan fragment, however, was significantly increased in ALS as compared to all other groups. This group also shows the highest correlation between cleaved and total neurocan in the CSF. Brevican and neurocan levels strongly correlated with each other across all groups, arguing for a joint but yet unknown transport mechanism from the brain parenchyma into CSF. Conclusively our findings suggest an ALS-specific pattern of brain ECM remodeling and may thus contribute to new diagnostic approaches for this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelm Hußler
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Höhn
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Vielhaber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Garz
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Friedhelm C. Schmitt
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eckart D. Gundelfinger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schreiber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I. Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Constanze I. Seidenbecher,
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7
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Soch J, Richter A, Schütze H, Kizilirmak JM, Assmann A, Behnisch G, Feldhoff H, Fischer L, Heil J, Knopf L, Merkel C, Raschick M, Schietke C, Schult A, Seidenbecher CI, Yakupov R, Ziegler G, Wiltfang J, Düzel E, Schott BH. A comprehensive score reflecting memory-related fMRI activations and deactivations as potential biomarker for neurocognitive aging. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:4478-4496. [PMID: 34132437 PMCID: PMC8410542 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adults and particularly those at risk for developing dementia typically show a decline in episodic memory performance, which has been associated with altered memory network activity detectable via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). To quantify the degree of these alterations, a score has been developed as a putative imaging biomarker for successful aging in memory for older adults (Functional Activity Deviations during Encoding, FADE; Düzel et al., Hippocampus, 2011; 21: 803-814). Here, we introduce and validate a more comprehensive version of the FADE score, termed FADE-SAME (Similarity of Activations during Memory Encoding), which differs from the original FADE score by considering not only activations but also deactivations in fMRI contrasts of stimulus novelty and successful encoding, and by taking into account the variance of young adults' activations. We computed both scores for novelty and subsequent memory contrasts in a cohort of 217 healthy adults, including 106 young and 111 older participants, as well as a replication cohort of 117 young subjects. We further tested the stability and generalizability of both scores by controlling for different MR scanners and gender, as well as by using different data sets of young adults as reference samples. Both scores showed robust age-group-related differences for the subsequent memory contrast, and the FADE-SAME score additionally exhibited age-group-related differences for the novelty contrast. Furthermore, both scores correlate with behavioral measures of cognitive aging, namely memory performance. Taken together, our results suggest that single-value scores of memory-related fMRI responses may constitute promising biomarkers for quantifying neurocognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joram Soch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)GöttingenGermany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience (BCCN)BerlinGermany
| | - Anni Richter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN)MagdeburgGermany
| | - Hartmut Schütze
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesMagdeburgGermany
- Otto von Guericke University, Medical FacultyMagdeburgGermany
| | | | - Anne Assmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesMagdeburgGermany
- Otto von Guericke University, Medical FacultyMagdeburgGermany
| | | | - Hannah Feldhoff
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN)MagdeburgGermany
- Otto von Guericke University, Medical FacultyMagdeburgGermany
| | - Larissa Fischer
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN)MagdeburgGermany
- Otto von Guericke University, Medical FacultyMagdeburgGermany
| | - Julius Heil
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN)MagdeburgGermany
- Otto von Guericke University, Medical FacultyMagdeburgGermany
| | - Lea Knopf
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN)MagdeburgGermany
- Otto von Guericke University, Medical FacultyMagdeburgGermany
| | - Christian Merkel
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN)MagdeburgGermany
- Otto von Guericke University, Medical FacultyMagdeburgGermany
| | - Matthias Raschick
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN)MagdeburgGermany
- Otto von Guericke University, Medical FacultyMagdeburgGermany
| | - Clara‐Johanna Schietke
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN)MagdeburgGermany
- Otto von Guericke University, Medical FacultyMagdeburgGermany
| | - Annika Schult
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN)MagdeburgGermany
- Otto von Guericke University, Medical FacultyMagdeburgGermany
| | - Constanze I. Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN)MagdeburgGermany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS)MagdeburgGermany
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesMagdeburgGermany
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesMagdeburgGermany
- Otto von Guericke University, Medical FacultyMagdeburgGermany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)GöttingenGermany
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesMagdeburgGermany
- Otto von Guericke University, Medical FacultyMagdeburgGermany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS)MagdeburgGermany
| | - Björn Hendrik Schott
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)GöttingenGermany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN)MagdeburgGermany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS)MagdeburgGermany
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
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8
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Richter A, de Boer L, Guitart-Masip M, Behnisch G, Seidenbecher CI, Schott BH. Motivational learning biases are differentially modulated by genetic determinants of striatal and prefrontal dopamine function. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 128:1705-1720. [PMID: 34302222 PMCID: PMC8536632 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Dopaminergic neurotransmission plays a pivotal role in appetitively motivated behavior in mammals, including humans. Notably, action and valence are not independent in motivated tasks, and it is particularly difficult for humans to learn the inhibition of an action to obtain a reward. We have previously observed that the carriers of the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA A1 allele, that has been associated with reduced striatal dopamine D2 receptor expression, showed a diminished learning performance when required to learn response inhibition to obtain rewards, a finding that was replicated in two independent cohorts. With our present study, we followed two aims: first, we aimed to replicate our finding on the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA polymorphism in a third independent cohort (N = 99) and to investigate the nature of the genetic effects more closely using trial-by-trial behavioral analysis and computational modeling in the combined dataset (N = 281). Second, we aimed to assess a potentially modulatory role of prefrontal dopamine availability, using the widely studied COMT Val108/158Met polymorphism as a proxy. We first report a replication of the above mentioned finding. Interestingly, after combining all three cohorts, exploratory analyses regarding the COMT Val108/158Met polymorphism suggest that homozygotes for the Met allele, which has been linked to higher prefrontal dopaminergic tone, show a lower learning bias. Our results corroborate the importance of genetic variability of the dopaminergic system in individual learning differences of action-valence interaction and, furthermore, suggest that motivational learning biases are differentially modulated by genetic determinants of striatal and prefrontal dopamine function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Richter
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Lieke de Boer
- Ageing Research Centre, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Center for Lifespan Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Guitart-Masip
- Ageing Research Centre, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gusalija Behnisch
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
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9
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Vemula SK, Malci A, Junge L, Lehmann AC, Rama R, Hradsky J, Matute RA, Weber A, Prigge M, Naumann M, Kreutz MR, Seidenbecher CI, Gundelfinger ED, Herrera-Molina R. The Interaction of TRAF6 With Neuroplastin Promotes Spinogenesis During Early Neuronal Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:579513. [PMID: 33363141 PMCID: PMC7755605 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.579513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Correct brain wiring depends on reliable synapse formation. Nevertheless, signaling codes promoting synaptogenesis are not fully understood. Here, we report a spinogenic mechanism that operates during neuronal development and is based on the interaction of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) with the synaptic cell adhesion molecule neuroplastin. The interaction between these proteins was predicted in silico and verified by co-immunoprecipitation in extracts from rat brain and co-transfected HEK cells. Binding assays show physical interaction between neuroplastin’s C-terminus and the TRAF-C domain of TRAF6 with a Kd value of 88 μM. As the two proteins co-localize in primordial dendritic protrusions, we used young cultures of rat and mouse as well as neuroplastin-deficient mouse neurons and showed with mutagenesis, knock-down, and pharmacological blockade that TRAF6 is required by neuroplastin to promote early spinogenesis during in vitro days 6-9, but not later. Time-framed TRAF6 blockade during days 6–9 reduced mEPSC amplitude, number of postsynaptic sites, synapse density and neuronal activity as neurons mature. Our data unravel a new molecular liaison that may emerge during a specific window of the neuronal development to determine excitatory synapse density in the rodent brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampath Kumar Vemula
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ayse Malci
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lennart Junge
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne-Christin Lehmann
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ramya Rama
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hradsky
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ricardo A Matute
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States.,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - André Weber
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Prigge
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Institute of Experimental Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael R Kreutz
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Leibniz Group 'Dendritic Organelles and Synaptic Function', Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
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10
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Assmann A, Richter A, Schütze H, Soch J, Barman A, Behnisch G, Knopf L, Raschick M, Schult A, Wüstenberg T, Behr J, Düzel E, Seidenbecher CI, Schott BH. Neurocan genome-wide psychiatric risk variant affects explicit memory performance and hippocampal function in healthy humans. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:3942-3959. [PMID: 32583466 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of the brain extracellular matrix (ECM) can perturb the structure and function of brain networks like the hippocampus, a key region in human memory that is commonly affected in psychiatric disorders. Here, we investigated the potential effects of a genome-wide psychiatric risk variant in the NCAN gene encoding the ECM proteoglycan neurocan (rs1064395) on memory performance, hippocampal function and cortical morphology in young, healthy volunteers. We assessed verbal memory performance in two cohorts (N = 572, 302) and found reduced recall performance in risk allele (A) carriers across both cohorts. In 117 participants, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging using a novelty-encoding task with visual scenes. Risk allele carriers showed higher false alarm rates during recognition, accompanied by inefficiently increased left hippocampal activation. To assess effects of rs1064395 on brain morphology, we performed voxel-based morphometry in 420 participants from four independent cohorts and found lower grey matter density in the ventrolateral and rostral prefrontal cortex of risk allele carriers. In silico eQTL analysis revealed that rs1064395 SNP is linked not only to increased prefrontal expression of the NCAN gene itself, but also of the neighbouring HAPLN4 gene, suggesting a more complex effect of the SNP on ECM composition. Our results suggest that the NCAN rs1064395 A allele is associated with lower hippocampus-dependent memory function, variation of prefrontal cortex structure and ECM composition. Considering the well-documented hippocampal and prefrontal dysfunction in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, our results may reflect an intermediate phenotype by which NCAN rs1064395 contributes to disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Assmann
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anni Richter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schütze
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Joram Soch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany.,Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Lea Knopf
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Raschick
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Annika Schult
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Wüstenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Behr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Göttingen, Germany
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11
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Bordone MP, Salman MM, Titus HE, Amini E, Andersen JV, Chakraborti B, Diuba AV, Dubouskaya TG, Ehrke E, Espindola de Freitas A, Braga de Freitas G, Gonçalves RA, Gupta D, Gupta R, Ha SR, Hemming IA, Jaggar M, Jakobsen E, Kumari P, Lakkappa N, Marsh APL, Mitlöhner J, Ogawa Y, Paidi RK, Ribeiro FC, Salamian A, Saleem S, Sharma S, Silva JM, Singh S, Sulakhiya K, Tefera TW, Vafadari B, Yadav A, Yamazaki R, Seidenbecher CI. The energetic brain - A review from students to students. J Neurochem 2019; 151:139-165. [PMID: 31318452 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The past 20 years have resulted in unprecedented progress in understanding brain energy metabolism and its role in health and disease. In this review, which was initiated at the 14th International Society for Neurochemistry Advanced School, we address the basic concepts of brain energy metabolism and approach the question of why the brain has high energy expenditure. Our review illustrates that the vertebrate brain has a high need for energy because of the high number of neurons and the need to maintain a delicate interplay between energy metabolism, neurotransmission, and plasticity. Disturbances to the energetic balance, to mitochondria quality control or to glia-neuron metabolic interaction may lead to brain circuit malfunction or even severe disorders of the CNS. We cover neuronal energy consumption in neural transmission and basic ('housekeeping') cellular processes. Additionally, we describe the most common (glucose) and alternative sources of energy namely glutamate, lactate, ketone bodies, and medium chain fatty acids. We discuss the multifaceted role of non-neuronal cells in the transport of energy substrates from circulation (pericytes and astrocytes) and in the supply (astrocytes and microglia) and usage of different energy fuels. Finally, we address pathological consequences of disrupted energy homeostasis in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Paula Bordone
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mootaz M Salman
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Haley E Titus
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elham Amini
- Department of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (HUKM), Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jens V Andersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Artem V Diuba
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatsiana G Dubouskaya
- Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Eric Ehrke
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Andiara Espindola de Freitas
- Neurobiology Section, Biological Sciences Division, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Richa Gupta
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Sharon R Ha
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Isabel A Hemming
- Brain Growth and Disease Laboratory, The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Minal Jaggar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Emil Jakobsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Punita Kumari
- Defense Institute of Physiology and allied sciences, Defense Research and Development Organization, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Navya Lakkappa
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS college of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - Ashley P L Marsh
- Bruce Lefroy Centre for Genetic Health Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica Mitlöhner
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Yuki Ogawa
- The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Ahmad Salamian
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Suraiya Saleem
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sorabh Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Joana M Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Medical School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Shripriya Singh
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Kunjbihari Sulakhiya
- Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, India
| | - Tesfaye Wolde Tefera
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Behnam Vafadari
- Institute of environmental medicine, UNIKA-T, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anuradha Yadav
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
| | - Reiji Yamazaki
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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12
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Schott BH, Wüstenberg T, Lücke E, Pohl IM, Richter A, Seidenbecher CI, Pollmann S, Kizilirmak JM, Richardson-Klavehn A. Gradual acquisition of visuospatial associative memory representations via the dorsal precuneus. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 40:1554-1570. [PMID: 30430687 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of parietal cortex structures like the precuneus is commonly observed during explicit memory retrieval, but the role of parietal cortices in encoding has only recently been appreciated and is still poorly understood. Considering the importance of the precuneus in human visual attention and imagery, we aimed to assess a potential role for the precuneus in the encoding of visuospatial representations into long-term memory. We therefore investigated the acquisition of constant versus repeatedly shuffled configurations of icons on background images over five subsequent days in 32 young, healthy volunteers. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted on Days 1, 2, and 5, and persistent memory traces were assessed by a delayed memory test after another 5 days. Constant compared to shuffled configurations were associated with significant improvement of position recognition from Day 1 to 5 and better delayed memory performance. Bilateral dorsal precuneus activations separated constant from shuffled configurations from Day 2 onward, and coactivation of the precuneus and hippocampus dissociated recognized and forgotten configurations, irrespective of condition. Furthermore, learning of constant configurations elicited increased functional coupling of the precuneus with dorsal and ventral visual stream structures. Our results identify the precuneus as a key brain structure in the acquisition of detailed visuospatial information by orchestrating a parieto-occipito-temporal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn H Schott
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Wüstenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Systems Neuroscience in Psychiatry (SNiP), Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Eva Lücke
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ina-Maria Pohl
- Institute of Psychology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anni Richter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Pollmann
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Psychology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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13
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Lubbers BR, Matos MR, Horn A, Visser E, Van der Loo RC, Gouwenberg Y, Meerhoff GF, Frischknecht R, Seidenbecher CI, Smit AB, Spijker S, van den Oever MC. The Extracellular Matrix Protein Brevican Limits Time-Dependent Enhancement of Cocaine Conditioned Place Preference. Neuropsychopharmacology 2016; 41:1907-16. [PMID: 26711251 PMCID: PMC4869060 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2015.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine-associated environmental cues sustain relapse vulnerability by reactivating long-lasting memories of cocaine reward. During periods of abstinence, responding to cocaine cues can time-dependently intensify a phenomenon referred to as 'incubation of cocaine craving'. Here, we investigated the role of the extracellular matrix protein brevican in recent (1 day after training) and remote (3 weeks after training) expression of cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP). Wild-type and Brevican heterozygous knock-out mice, which express brevican at ~50% of wild-type levels, received three cocaine-context pairings using a relatively low dose of cocaine (5 mg/kg). In a drug-free CPP test, heterozygous mice showed enhanced preference for the cocaine-associated context at the remote time point compared with the recent time point. This progressive increase was not observed in wild-type mice and it did not generalize to contextual-fear memory. Virally mediated overexpression of brevican levels in the hippocampus, but not medial prefrontal cortex, of heterozygous mice prevented the progressive increase in cocaine CPP, but only when overexpression was induced before conditioning. Post-conditioning overexpression of brevican did not affect remote cocaine CPP, suggesting that brevican limited the increase in remote CPP by altering neuro-adaptive mechanisms during cocaine conditioning. We provide causal evidence that hippocampal brevican levels control time-dependent enhancement of cocaine CPP during abstinence, pointing to a novel substrate that regulates incubation of responding to cocaine-associated cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart R Lubbers
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariana R Matos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Horn
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Visser
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rolinka C Van der Loo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Gouwenberg
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gideon F Meerhoff
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Renato Frischknecht
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - August B Smit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Spijker
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel C van den Oever
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Tel: +31 20 598 7120, Fax: +31 20 5989281, E-mail:
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14
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Valenzuela JC, Heise C, Franken G, Singh J, Schweitzer B, Seidenbecher CI, Frischknecht R. Hyaluronan-based extracellular matrix under conditions of homeostatic plasticity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 369:20130606. [PMID: 25225099 PMCID: PMC4173291 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal networks are balanced by mechanisms of homeostatic plasticity, which adjusts synaptic strength via molecular and morphological changes in the pre- and post-synapse. Here, we wondered whether the hyaluronic acid-based extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain is involved in mechanisms of homeostatic plasticity. We hypothesized that the ECM, being rich in chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans such as brevican, which are suggested to stabilize synapses by their inhibitory effect on structural plasticity, must be remodelled to allow for structural and molecular changes during conditions of homeostatic plasticity. We found a high abundance of cleaved brevican fragments throughout the hippocampus and cortex and in neuronal cultures, with the strongest labelling in perineuronal nets on parvalbumin-positive interneurons. Using an antibody specific for a brevican fragment cleaved by the matrix metalloprotease ADAMTS4, we identified the enzyme as the main brevican-processing protease. Interestingly, we found ADAMTS4 largely associated with synapses. After inducing homeostatic plasticity in neuronal cell cultures by prolonged network inactivation, we found increased brevican processing at inhibitory as well as excitatory synapses, which is in line with the ADAMTS4 subcellular localization. Thus, the ECM is remodelled in conditions of homeostatic plasticity, which may liberate synapses to allow for a higher degree of structural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Valenzuela
- Department for Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Heise
- Department for Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gilbert Franken
- Department for Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jeet Singh
- Department for Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Schweitzer
- Department for Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Department for Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS) Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Renato Frischknecht
- Department for Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS) Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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15
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Blosa M, Sonntag M, Jäger C, Weigel S, Seeger J, Frischknecht R, Seidenbecher CI, Matthews RT, Arendt T, Rübsamen R, Morawski M. The extracellular matrix molecule brevican is an integral component of the machinery mediating fast synaptic transmission at the calyx of Held. J Physiol 2015. [PMID: 26223835 DOI: 10.1113/jp270849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The proteoglycan brevican is a major component of the extracellular matrix of perineuronal nets and is highly enriched in the perisynaptic space suggesting a role for synaptic transmission. We have introduced the calyx of Held in the auditory brainstem as a model system to study the impact of brevican on dynamics and reliability of synaptic transmission. In vivo extracellular single-unit recordings at the calyx of Held in brevican-deficient mice yielded a significant increase in the action potential (AP) transmission delay and a prolongation of pre- and postsynaptic APs. The changes in dynamics of signal transmission were accompanied by the reduction of presynaptic vGlut1 and ultrastructural changes in the perisynaptic space. These data show that brevican is an important mediator of fast synaptic transmission at the calyx of Held. ABSTRACT The extracellular matrix is an integral part of the neural tissue. Its most conspicuous manifestation in the brain are the perineuronal nets (PNs) which surround somata and proximal dendrites of distinct neuron types. The chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan brevican is a major component of PNs. In contrast to other PN-comprising proteoglycans (e.g. aggrecan and neurocan), brevican is mainly expressed in the perisynaptic space closely associated with both the pre- and postsynaptic membrane. This specific localization prompted the hypothesis that brevican might play a role in synaptic transmission. In the present study we specifically investigated the role of brevican in synaptic transmission at a central synapse, the calyx of Held in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body, by the use of in vivo electrophysiology, immunohistochemistry, biochemistry and electron microscopy. In vivo extracellular single-unit recordings were acquired in brevican-deficient mice and the dynamics and reliability of synaptic transmission were compared to wild-type littermates. In knockout mice, the speed of pre-to-postsynaptic action potential (AP) transmission was reduced and the duration of the respective pre- and postsynaptic APs increased. The reliability of signal transmission, however, was not affected by the lack of brevican. The changes in dynamics of signal transmission were accompanied by the reduction of (i) presynaptic vGlut1 and (ii) the size of subsynaptic cavities. The present results suggest an essential role of brevican for the functionality of high-speed synaptic transmission at the calyx of Held.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Blosa
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mandy Sonntag
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carsten Jäger
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Solveig Weigel
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Seeger
- Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Russell T Matthews
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Thomas Arendt
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rudolf Rübsamen
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Morawski
- Paul Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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16
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Barman A, Richter S, Soch J, Deibele A, Richter A, Assmann A, Wüstenberg T, Walter H, Seidenbecher CI, Schott BH. Gender-specific modulation of neural mechanisms underlying social reward processing by Autism Quotient. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2015; 10:1537-47. [PMID: 25944965 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsv044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder refers to a neurodevelopmental condition primarily characterized by deficits in social cognition and behavior. Subclinically, autistic features are supposed to be present in healthy humans and can be quantified using the Autism Quotient (AQ). Here, we investigated a potential relationship between AQ and neural correlates of social and monetary reward processing, using functional magnetic resonance imaging in young, healthy participants. In an incentive delay task with either monetary or social reward, reward anticipation elicited increased ventral striatal activation, which was more pronounced during monetary reward anticipation. Anticipation of social reward elicited activation in the default mode network (DMN), a network previously implicated in social processing. Social reward feedback was associated with bilateral amygdala and fusiform face area activation. The relationship between AQ and neural correlates of social reward processing varied in a gender-dependent manner. In women and, to a lesser extent in men, higher AQ was associated with increased posterior DMN activation during social reward anticipation. During feedback, we observed a negative correlation of AQ and right amygdala activation in men only. Our results suggest that social reward processing might constitute an endophenotype for autism-related traits in healthy humans that manifests in a gender-specific way.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvia Richter
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Joram Soch
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, and
| | - Anna Deibele
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anni Richter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne Assmann
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Wüstenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, and
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, and
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany, Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, and Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
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17
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Richter A, Guitart-Masip M, Barman A, Libeau C, Behnisch G, Czerney S, Schanze D, Assmann A, Klein M, Düzel E, Zenker M, Seidenbecher CI, Schott BH. Valenced action/inhibition learning in humans is modulated by a genetic variant linked to dopamine D2 receptor expression. Front Syst Neurosci 2014; 8:140. [PMID: 25147510 PMCID: PMC4123722 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2014.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivational salience plays an important role in shaping human behavior, but recent studies demonstrate that human performance is not uniformly improved by motivation. Instead, action has been shown to dominate valence in motivated tasks, and it is particularly difficult for humans to learn the inhibition of an action to obtain a reward, but the neural mechanism behind this behavioral specificity is yet unclear. In all mammals, including humans, the monoamine neurotransmitter dopamine is particularly important in the neural manifestation of appetitively motivated behavior, and the human dopamine system is subject to considerable genetic variability. The well-studied TaqIA restriction fragment length polymorphism (rs1800497) has previously been shown to affect striatal dopamine metabolism. In this study we investigated a potential effect of this genetic variation on motivated action/inhibition learning. Two independent cohorts consisting of 87 and 95 healthy participants, respectively, were tested using the previously described valenced go/no-go learning paradigm in which participants learned the reward-associated no-go condition significantly worse than all other conditions. This effect was modulated by the TaqIA polymorphism, with carriers of the A1 allele showing a diminished learning-related performance enhancement in the rewarded no-go condition compared to the A2 homozygotes. This result highlights a modulatory role for genetic variability of the dopaminergic system in individual learning differences of action-valence interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Richter
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marc Guitart-Masip
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London London, UK ; Ageing Research Centre, Karolinska Institute Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adriana Barman
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Libeau
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gusalija Behnisch
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sophia Czerney
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Denny Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne Assmann
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marieke Klein
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Magdeburg, Germany ; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London London, UK ; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Magdeburg, Germany ; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany ; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany ; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto von Guericke University of Magdeburg Magdeburg, Germany ; Department of Psychiatry, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Germany ; Department of Neurology, University of Magdeburg Magdeburg, Germany
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18
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Barman A, Assmann A, Richter S, Soch J, Schütze H, Wüstenberg T, Deibele A, Klein M, Richter A, Behnisch G, Düzel E, Zenker M, Seidenbecher CI, Schott BH. Genetic variation of the RASGRF1 regulatory region affects human hippocampus-dependent memory. Front Hum Neurosci 2014; 8:260. [PMID: 24808846 PMCID: PMC4010733 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The guanine nucleotide exchange factor RASGRF1 is an important regulator of intracellular signaling and neural plasticity in the brain. RASGRF1-deficient mice exhibit a complex phenotype with learning deficits and ocular abnormalities. Also in humans, a genome-wide association study has identified the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs8027411 in the putative transcription regulatory region of RASGRF1 as a risk variant of myopia. Here we aimed to assess whether, in line with the RASGRF1 knockout mouse phenotype, rs8027411 might also be associated with human memory function. We performed computer-based neuropsychological learning experiments in two independent cohorts of young, healthy participants. Tests included the Verbal Learning and Memory Test (VLMT) and the logical memory section of the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS). Two sub-cohorts additionally participated in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of hippocampus function. 119 participants performed a novelty encoding task that had previously been shown to engage the hippocampus, and 63 subjects participated in a reward-related memory encoding study. RASGRF1 rs8027411 genotype was indeed associated with memory performance in an allele dosage-dependent manner, with carriers of the T allele (i.e., the myopia risk allele) showing better memory performance in the early encoding phase of the VLMT and in the recall phase of the WMS logical memory section. In fMRI, T allele carriers exhibited increased hippocampal activation during presentation of novel images and during encoding of pictures associated with monetary reward. Taken together, our results provide evidence for a role of the RASGRF1 gene locus in hippocampus-dependent memory and, along with the previous association with myopia, point toward pleitropic effects of RASGRF1 genetic variations on complex neural function in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Barman
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne Assmann
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany ; Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sylvia Richter
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Salzburg Salzburg, Austria
| | - Joram Soch
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany ; Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany ; Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schütze
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Wüstenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Deibele
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany ; Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marieke Klein
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany ; Department of Genetics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Anni Richter
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gusalija Behnisch
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany ; Helmholtz Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Magdeburg, Germany ; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Zenker
- Department of Human Genetics, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany ; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Björn H Schott
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany ; Department of Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany ; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences Magdeburg, Germany ; Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
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19
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Schott BH, Assmann A, Schmierer P, Soch J, Erk S, Garbusow M, Mohnke S, Pöhland L, Romanczuk-Seiferth N, Barman A, Wüstenberg T, Haddad L, Grimm O, Witt S, Richter S, Klein M, Schütze H, Mühleisen TW, Cichon S, Rietschel M, Noethen MM, Tost H, Gundelfinger ED, Düzel E, Heinz A, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Seidenbecher CI, Walter H. Epistatic interaction of genetic depression risk variants in the human subgenual cingulate cortex during memory encoding. Transl Psychiatry 2014; 4:e372. [PMID: 24643163 PMCID: PMC3966038 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2014.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies have pointed to single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding the neuronal calcium channel CaV1.2 (CACNA1C; rs1006737) and the presynaptic active zone protein Piccolo (PCLO; rs2522833) as risk factors for affective disorders, particularly major depression. Previous neuroimaging studies of depression-related endophenotypes have highlighted the role of the subgenual cingulate cortex (CG25) in negative mood and depressive psychopathology. Here, we aimed to assess how recently associated PCLO and CACNA1C depression risk alleles jointly affect memory-related CG25 activity as an intermediate phenotype in clinically healthy humans. To investigate the combined effects of rs1006737 and rs2522833 on the CG25 response, we conducted three functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of episodic memory formation in three independent cohorts (N=79, 300, 113). An epistatic interaction of PCLO and CACNA1C risk alleles in CG25 during memory encoding was observed in all groups, with carriers of no risk allele and of both risk alleles showing higher CG25 activation during encoding when compared with carriers of only one risk allele. Moreover, PCLO risk allele carriers showed lower memory performance and reduced encoding-related hippocampal activation. In summary, our results point to region-specific epistatic effects of PCLO and CACNA1C risk variants in CG25, potentially related to episodic memory. Our data further suggest that genetic risk factors on the SNP level do not necessarily have additive effects but may show complex interactions. Such epistatic interactions might contribute to the 'missing heritability' of complex phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B H Schott
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany,Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany,Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz-Institut für Neurobiologie, Brenneckestrasse 6, Magdeburg 39118, Germany E-mail:
| | - A Assmann
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany,Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - P Schmierer
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Soch
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany,Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - S Erk
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Garbusow
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Mohnke
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Pöhland
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - N Romanczuk-Seiferth
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Barman
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - T Wüstenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Haddad
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - O Grimm
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Witt
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - S Richter
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany,University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - M Klein
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - H Schütze
- Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - T W Mühleisen
- University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - S Cichon
- University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Rietschel
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - H Tost
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - E D Gundelfinger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany,Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - E Düzel
- Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany,Helmholtz Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - C I Seidenbecher
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - H Walter
- Department of Psychiatry, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Forschungsbereich Mind and Brain, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany. E-mail:
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20
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Herrera-Molina R, Sarto-Jackson I, Montenegro-Venegas C, Heine M, Smalla KH, Seidenbecher CI, Beesley PW, Gundelfinger ED, Montag D. Structure of excitatory synapses and GABAA receptor localization at inhibitory synapses are regulated by neuroplastin-65. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:8973-88. [PMID: 24554721 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.514992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation, maintenance, and activity of excitatory and inhibitory synapses are essential for neuronal network function. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are crucially involved in these processes. The CAM neuroplastin-65 (Np65) highly expressed during periods of synapse formation and stabilization is present at the pre- and postsynaptic membranes. Np65 can translocate into synapses in response to electrical stimulation and it interacts with subtypes of GABAA receptors in inhibitory synapses. Here, we report that in the murine hippocampus and in hippocampal primary culture, neurons of the CA1 region and the dentate gyrus (DG) express high Np65 levels, whereas expression in CA3 neurons is lower. In neuroplastin-deficient (Np(-/-)) mice the number of excitatory synapses in CA1 and DG, but not CA3 regions is reduced. Notably this picture is mirrored in mature Np(-/-) hippocampal cultures or in mature CA1 and DG wild-type (Np(+/+)) neurons treated with a function-blocking recombinant Np65-Fc extracellular fragment. Although the number of GABAergic synapses was unchanged in Np(-/-) neurons or in mature Np65-Fc-treated Np(+/+) neurons, the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory synapses was significantly lower in Np(-/-) cultures. Furthermore, GABAA receptor composition was altered at inhibitory synapses in Np(-/-) neurons as the α1 to α2 GABAA receptor subunit ratio was increased. Changes of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic function in Np(-/-) neurons were confirmed evaluating the presynaptic release function and using patch clamp recording. These data demonstrate that Np65 is an important regulator of the number and function of synapses in the hippocampus.
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Abstract
Neural circuits can express different forms of plasticity. So far, Hebbian synaptic plasticity was considered the most important plastic phenomenon, but over the last decade, homeostatic mechanisms gained more interest because they can explain how a neuronal network maintains stable baseline function despite multiple plastic challenges, like developmental plasticity, learning, or lesion. Such destabilizing influences can be counterbalanced by the mechanisms of homeostatic plasticity, which restore the stability of neuronal circuits. Synaptic scaling is a mechanism in which neurons can detect changes in their own firing rates through a set of molecular sensors that then regulate receptor trafficking to scale the accumulation of glutamate receptors at synaptic sites. Additional homeostatic mechanisms allow local changes in synaptic activation to generate local synaptic adaptations and network-wide changes in activity, which lead to adjustments in the balance between excitation and inhibition. The molecular pathways underlying these forms of homeostatic plasticity are currently under intense investigation, and it becomes clear that the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the brain, which surrounds individual neurons and integrates them into the tissue, is an important element in these processes. As a highly dynamic structure, which can be remodeled and degraded in an activity-dependent manner and in concerted action of neurons and glial cells, it can on one hand promote structural and functional plasticity and on the other hand stabilize neural microcircuits. This chapter highlights the composition of brain ECM with particular emphasis on perisynaptic and axonal matrix formations and its involvement in plastic and adaptive processes of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Frischknecht
- Department for Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS) Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kae-Jiun Chang
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew N Rasband
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS) Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.
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22
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Susuki K, Chang KJ, Zollinger DR, Liu Y, Ogawa Y, Eshed-Eisenbach Y, Dours-Zimmermann MT, Oses-Prieto JA, Burlingame AL, Seidenbecher CI, Zimmermann DR, Oohashi T, Peles E, Rasband MN. Three mechanisms assemble central nervous system nodes of Ranvier. Neuron 2013; 78:469-82. [PMID: 23664614 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rapid action potential propagation in myelinated axons requires Na⁺ channel clustering at nodes of Ranvier. However, the mechanism of clustering at CNS nodes remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the assembly of nodes of Ranvier in the CNS involves three mechanisms: a glia-derived extracellular matrix (ECM) complex containing proteoglycans and adhesion molecules that cluster NF186, paranodal axoglial junctions that function as barriers to restrict the position of nodal proteins, and axonal cytoskeletal scaffolds (CSs) that stabilize nodal Na⁺ channels. We show that while mice with a single disrupted mechanism had mostly normal nodes, disruptions of the ECM and paranodal barrier, the ECM and CS, or the paranodal barrier and CS all lead to juvenile lethality, profound motor dysfunction, and significantly reduced Na⁺ channel clustering. Our results demonstrate that ECM, paranodal, and axonal cytoskeletal mechanisms ensure robust CNS nodal Na⁺ channel clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichiro Susuki
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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23
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Richter A, Richter S, Barman A, Soch J, Klein M, Assmann A, Libeau C, Behnisch G, Wüstenberg T, Seidenbecher CI, Schott BH. Motivational salience and genetic variability of dopamine D2 receptor expression interact in the modulation of interference processing. Front Hum Neurosci 2013; 7:250. [PMID: 23760450 PMCID: PMC3672681 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine has been implicated in the fine-tuning of complex cognitive and motor function and also in the anticipation of future rewards. This dual function of dopamine suggests that dopamine might be involved in the generation of active motivated behavior. The DRD2 TaqIA polymorphism of the dopamine D2 receptor gene (rs1800497) has previously been suggested to affect striatal function with carriers of the less common A1 allele exhibiting reduced striatal D2 receptor density and increased risk for addiction. Here we aimed to investigate the influences of DRD2 TaqIA genotype on the modulation of interference processing by reward and punishment. Forty-six young, healthy volunteers participated in a behavioral experiment, and 32 underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants performed a flanker task with a motivation manipulation (monetary reward, monetary loss, neither, or both). Reaction times (RTs) were shorter in motivated flanker trials, irrespective of congruency. In the fMRI experiment motivation was associated with reduced prefrontal activation during incongruent vs. congruent flanker trials, possibly reflecting increased processing efficiency. DRD2 TaqIA genotype did not affect overall RTs, but interacted with motivation on the congruency-related RT differences, with A1 carriers showing smaller interference effects to reward alone and A2 homozygotes exhibiting a specific interference reduction during combined reward (REW) and punishment trials (PUN). In fMRI, anterior cingulate activity showed a similar pattern of genotype-related modulation. Additionally, A1 carriers showed increased anterior insula activation relative to A2 homozygotes. Our results point to a role for genetic variations of the dopaminergic system in individual differences of cognition-motivation interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Richter
- Department of Behavioral Neurology and Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
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Bernstein HG, Dobrowolny H, Schott BH, Gorny X, Becker V, Steiner J, Seidenbecher CI, Bogerts B. Increased density of AKAP5-expressing neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex of subjects with bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2013; 47:699-705. [PMID: 23462372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Brain anatomical abnormalities as well as cognitive and emotional processing deficits have been reported for the prefrontal cortex in bipolar disorder, which are in part attributable to cellular and laminar abnormalities in postsynaptic protein expression. A kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) 5/79 plays a key role in postsynaptic signalling of excitatory synapses. We aimed to reveal if the cellular expression of AKAP5/79 protein is altered in the anterior cingulate cortex and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in bipolar disorder. Ten subjects with bipolar disorder and ten control cases were investigated by use of immunohistochemical and morphometric techniques. Compared with controls in subjects with bipolar disorder, the numerical density of AKAP5-expressing neurons was significantly increased in the left (p = 0.002) and right (p = 0.008) anterior cingulate cortex. Layer-specific counting revealed that left side layers II (p = 0.000), III (p = 0.001) and V (p = 0.005) as well as right side layers III (p = 0.007), IV (p = 0.007) and V (p = 0.004) had significantly increased AKAP5-positive cell densities in bipolar disorder. In contrast, no statistically significant differences were found for the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. However, we observed a more intense intraneuronal immunostaining in both prefrontal areas in bipolar disorder patients. Elevated cell numbers and increased intracellular expression of AKAP, together with the altered expression patterns of most intracellular interaction partners of this protein in bipolar disorder as known from the literature, might point to disease-related abnormalities of the AKAP-associated signalosome in prefrontal cortex neurons.
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Richter S, Gorny X, Machts J, Behnisch G, Wüstenberg T, Herbort MC, Münte TF, Seidenbecher CI, Schott BH. Effects of AKAP5 Pro100Leu genotype on working memory for emotional stimuli. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55613. [PMID: 23383244 PMCID: PMC3558499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent investigations addressing the role of the synaptic multiadaptor molecule AKAP5 in human emotion and behavior suggest that the AKAP5 Pro100Leu polymorphism (rs2230491) contributes to individual differences in affective control. Carriers of the less common Leu allele show a higher control of anger as indicated by behavioral measures and dACC brain response on emotional distracters when compared to Pro homozygotes. In the current fMRI study we used an emotional working memory task according to the n-back scheme with neutral and negative emotional faces as target stimuli. Pro homozygotes showed a performance advantage at the behavioral level and exhibited enhanced activation of the amygdala and fusiform face area during working memory for emotional faces. On the other hand, Leu carriers exhibited increased activation of the dACC during performance of the 2-back condition. Our results suggest that AKAP5 Pro100Leu effects on emotion processing might be task-dependent with Pro homozygotes showing lower control of emotional interference, but more efficient processing of task-relevant emotional stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Richter
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Xenia Gorny
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Judith Machts
- Department of Neurology, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Torsten Wüstenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maike C. Herbort
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Münte
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Björn H. Schott
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Herrera-Molina R, Frischknecht R, Maldonado H, Seidenbecher CI, Gundelfinger ED, Hetz C, Aylwin MDLL, Schneider P, Quest AFG, Leyton L. Astrocytic αVβ3 integrin inhibits neurite outgrowth and promotes retraction of neuronal processes by clustering Thy-1. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34295. [PMID: 22479590 PMCID: PMC3316703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Thy-1 is a membrane glycoprotein suggested to stabilize or inhibit growth of neuronal processes. However, its precise function has remained obscure, because its endogenous ligand is unknown. We previously showed that Thy-1 binds directly to α(V)β(3) integrin in trans eliciting responses in astrocytes. Nonetheless, whether α(V)β(3) integrin might also serve as a Thy-1-ligand triggering a neuronal response has not been explored. Thus, utilizing primary neurons and a neuron-derived cell line CAD, Thy-1-mediated effects of α(V)β(3) integrin on growth and retraction of neuronal processes were tested. In astrocyte-neuron co-cultures, endogenous α(V)β(3) integrin restricted neurite outgrowth. Likewise, α(V)β(3)-Fc was sufficient to suppress neurite extension in Thy-1(+), but not in Thy-1(-) CAD cells. In differentiating primary neurons exposed to α(V)β(3)-Fc, fewer and shorter dendrites were detected. This effect was abolished by cleavage of Thy-1 from the neuronal surface using phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC). Moreover, α(V)β(3)-Fc also induced retraction of already extended Thy-1(+)-axon-like neurites in differentiated CAD cells as well as of axonal terminals in differentiated primary neurons. Axonal retraction occurred when redistribution and clustering of Thy-1 molecules in the plasma membrane was induced by α(V)β(3) integrin. Binding of α(V)β(3)-Fc was detected in Thy-1 clusters during axon retraction of primary neurons. Moreover, α(V)β(3)-Fc-induced Thy-1 clustering correlated in time and space with redistribution and inactivation of Src kinase. Thus, our data indicates that α(V)β(3) integrin is a ligand for Thy-1 that upon binding not only restricts the growth of neurites, but also induces retraction of already existing processes by inducing Thy-1 clustering. We propose that these events participate in bi-directional astrocyte-neuron communication relevant to axonal repair after neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Herrera-Molina
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departament of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Renato Frischknecht
- Departament of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Horacio Maldonado
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Constanze I. Seidenbecher
- Departament of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eckart D. Gundelfinger
- Departament of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María de la Luz Aylwin
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Neurociencias Integradas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pascal Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Andrew F. G. Quest
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Richter S, Gorny X, Marco-Pallares J, Krämer UM, Machts J, Barman A, Bernstein HG, Schüle R, Schöls L, Rodriguez-Fornells A, Reissner C, Wüstenberg T, Heinze HJ, Gundelfinger ED, Düzel E, Münte TF, Seidenbecher CI, Schott BH. A Potential Role for a Genetic Variation of AKAP5 in Human Aggression and Anger Control. Front Hum Neurosci 2011; 5:175. [PMID: 22232585 PMCID: PMC3247758 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2011.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The A-kinase-anchoring protein 5 (AKAP5), a post-synaptic multi-adaptor molecule that binds G-protein-coupled receptors and intracellular signaling molecules has been implicated in emotional processing in rodents, but its role in human emotion and behavior is up to now still not quite clear. Here, we report an association of individual differences in aggressive behavior and anger expression with a functional genetic polymorphism (Pro100Leu) in the human AKAP5 gene. Among a cohort of 527 young, healthy individuals, carriers of the less common Leu allele (15.6% allele frequency) scored significantly lower in the physical aggression domain of the Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire and higher in the anger control dimension of the state-trait anger expression inventory. In a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment we could further demonstrate that AKAP5 Pro100Leu modulates the interaction of negative emotional processing and executive functions. In order to investigate implicit processes of anger control, we used the well-known flanker task to evoke processes of action monitoring and error processing and added task-irrelevant neutral or angry faces in the background of the flanker stimuli. In line with our predictions, Leu carriers showed increased activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during emotional interference, which in turn predicted shorter reaction times and might be related to stronger control of emotional interference. Conversely, Pro homozygotes exhibited increased orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) activation during emotional interference, with no behavioral advantage. Immunohistochemistry revealed AKAP5 expression in post mortem human ACC and OFC. Our results suggest that AKAP5 Pro100Leu contributes to individual differences in human aggression and anger control. Further research is warranted to explore the detailed role of AKAP5 and its gene product in human emotion processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Richter
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Salzburg Salzburg, Austria
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Zweynert S, Pade JP, Wüstenberg T, Sterzer P, Walter H, Seidenbecher CI, Richardson-Klavehn A, Düzel E, Schott BH. Motivational salience modulates hippocampal repetition suppression and functional connectivity in humans. Front Hum Neurosci 2011; 5:144. [PMID: 22125521 PMCID: PMC3221473 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2011.00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetition suppression (RS) is a rapid decrease of stimulus-related neuronal responses upon repeated presentation of a stimulus. Previous studies have demonstrated that negative emotional salience of stimuli enhances RS. It is, however, unclear how motivational salience of stimuli, such as reward-predicting value, influences RS for complex visual stimuli, and which brain regions might show differences in RS for reward-predicting and neutral stimuli. Here we investigated the influence of motivational salience on RS of complex scenes using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. Thirty young healthy volunteers performed a monetary incentive delay task with complex scenes (indoor vs. outdoor) serving as neutral or reward-predicting cue pictures. Each cue picture was presented three times. In line with previous findings, reward anticipation was associated with activations in the ventral striatum, midbrain, and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Stimulus repetition was associated with pronounced RS in ventral visual stream areas like the parahippocampal place area (PPA). An interaction of reward anticipation and RS was specifically observed in the anterior hippocampus, where a response decrease across repetitions was observed for the reward-predicting scenes only. Functional connectivity analysis further revealed specific activity-dependent connectivity increases of the hippocampus and the PPA and OFC. Our results suggest that hippocampal RS is sensitive to reward-predicting properties of stimuli and might therefore reflect a rapid, adaptive neural response mechanism for motivationally salient information.
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Schott BH, Wüstenberg T, Wimber M, Fenker DB, Zierhut KC, Seidenbecher CI, Heinze HJ, Walter H, Düzel E, Richardson-Klavehn A. The relationship between level of processing and hippocampal-cortical functional connectivity during episodic memory formation in humans. Hum Brain Mapp 2011; 34:407-24. [PMID: 22042493 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.21435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2011] [Revised: 07/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
New episodic memory traces represent a record of the ongoing neocortical processing engaged during memory formation (encoding). Thus, during encoding, deep (semantic) processing typically establishes more distinctive and retrievable memory traces than does shallow (perceptual) processing, as assessed by later episodic memory tests. By contrast, the hippocampus appears to play a processing-independent role in encoding, because hippocampal lesions impair encoding regardless of level of processing. Here, we clarified the neural relationship between processing and encoding by examining hippocampal-cortical connectivity during deep and shallow encoding. Participants studied words during functional magnetic resonance imaging and freely recalled these words after distraction. Deep study processing led to better recall than shallow study processing. For both levels of processing, successful encoding elicited activations of bilateral hippocampus and left prefrontal cortex, and increased functional connectivity between left hippocampus and bilateral medial prefrontal, cingulate and extrastriate cortices. Successful encoding during deep processing was additionally associated with increased functional connectivity between left hippocampus and bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and right temporoparietal junction. In the shallow encoding condition, on the other hand, pronounced functional connectivity increases were observed between the right hippocampus and the frontoparietal attention network activated during shallow study processing. Our results further specify how the hippocampus coordinates recording of ongoing neocortical activity into long-term memory, and begin to provide a neural explanation for the typical advantage of deep over shallow study processing for later episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn H Schott
- Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestrasse 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany.
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Wimber M, Schott BH, Wendler F, Seidenbecher CI, Behnisch G, Macharadze T, Bäuml KHT, Richardson-Klavehn A. Prefrontal dopamine and the dynamic control of human long-term memory. Transl Psychiatry 2011; 1:e15. [PMID: 22832518 PMCID: PMC3309522 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2011.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopaminergic projections to the prefrontal cortex support higher-order cognitive functions, and are critically involved in many psychiatric disorders that involve memory deficits, including schizophrenia. The role of prefrontal dopamine in long-term memory, however, is still unclear. We used an imaging genetics approach to examine the hypothesis that dopamine availability in the prefrontal cortex selectively affects the ability to suppress interfering memories. Human participants were scanned via functional magnetic resonance imaging while practicing retrieval of previously studied target information in the face of interference from previously studied non-target information. This retrieval practice (RP) rendered the non-target information less retrievable on a later final test-a phenomenon known as retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF). In total, 54 participants were genotyped for the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val(108/158)Met polymorphism. The COMT Val(108/158)Met genotype showed a selective and linear gene-dose effect on RIF, with the Met allele, which leads to higher prefrontal dopamine availability, being associated with greater RIF. Mirroring the behavioral pattern, the functional magnetic resonance imaging data revealed that Met allele carriers, compared with Val allele carriers, showed a greater response reduction in inhibitory control areas of the right inferior frontal cortex during RP, suggesting that they more efficiently reduced interference. These data support the hypothesis that the cortical dopaminergic system is centrally involved in the dynamic control of human long-term memory, supporting efficient remembering via the adaptive suppression of interfering memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wimber
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - B H Schott
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany,Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany,Department of Psychiatry, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Wendler
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - C I Seidenbecher
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - G Behnisch
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - T Macharadze
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - K-H T Bäuml
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Regensburg University, Regensburg, Germany
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Dityatev A, Seidenbecher CI, Schachner M. Compartmentalization from the outside: the extracellular matrix and functional microdomains in the brain. Trends Neurosci 2011; 33:503-12. [PMID: 20832873 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2010.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the central nervous system is well recognized as a migration and diffusion barrier that allows for the trapping and presentation of growth factors to their receptors at the cell surface. Recent data highlight the importance of ECM molecules as synaptic and perisynaptic scaffolds that direct the clustering of neurotransmitter receptors in the postsynaptic compartment and that present barriers to reduce the lateral diffusion of membrane proteins away from synapses. The ECM also contributes to the migration and differentiation of stem cells in the neurogenic niche and organizes the polarized localization of ion channels and transporters at contacts between astrocytic processes and blood vessels. Thus, the ECM contributes to functional compartmentalization in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dityatev
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Italian Institute of Technology, via Morego 30, Genova, Italy.
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Schott BH, Seidenbecher CI, Richter S, Wüstenberg T, Debska-Vielhaber G, Schubert H, Heinze HJ, Richardson-Klavehn A, Düzel E. Genetic variation of the serotonin 2a receptor affects hippocampal novelty processing in humans. PLoS One 2011; 6:e15984. [PMID: 21267461 PMCID: PMC3022731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is an important neuromodulator in learning and memory processes. A functional genetic polymorphism of the 5-HT 2a receptor (5-HTR2a His452Tyr), which leads to blunted intracellular signaling, has previously been associated with explicit memory performance in several independent cohorts, but the underlying neural mechanisms are thus far unclear. The human hippocampus plays a critical role in memory, particularly in the detection and encoding of novel information. Here we investigated the relationship of 5-HTR2a His452Tyr and hippocampal novelty processing in 41 young, healthy subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants performed a novelty/familiarity task with complex scene stimuli, which was followed by a delayed recognition memory test 24 hours later. Compared to His homozygotes, Tyr carriers exhibited a diminished hippocampal response to novel stimuli and a higher tendency to judge novel stimuli as familiar during delayed recognition. Across the cohort, the false alarm rate during delayed recognition correlated negatively with the hippocampal novelty response. Our results suggest that previously reported effects of 5-HTR2a on explicit memory performance may, at least in part, be mediated by alterations of hippocampal novelty processing.
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Schott BH, Frischknecht R, Debska-Vielhaber G, John N, Behnisch G, Düzel E, Gundelfinger ED, Seidenbecher CI. Membrane-Bound Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase in Cortical Neurons and Glial Cells is Intracellularly Oriented. Front Psychiatry 2010; 1:142. [PMID: 21423451 PMCID: PMC3059651 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2010.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) is involved in the inactivation of dopamine in brain regions in which the dopamine transporter (DAT1) is sparsely expressed. The membrane-bound isoform of COMT (MB-COMT) is the predominantly expressed form in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). It has been a matter of debate whether in neural cells of the CNS the enzymatic domain of MB-COMT is oriented toward the cytoplasmic or the extracellular compartment. Here we used live immunocytochemistry on cultured neocortical neurons and glial cells to investigate the expression and membrane orientation of native COMT and of transfected MB-COMT fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP). After live staining, COMT immunoreactivity was reliably detected in both neurons and glial cells after permeabilization, but not on unpermeabilized cells. Similarly, autofluorescence of COMT-GFP fusion protein and antibody fluorescence showed overlap only in permeabilized neurons. Our data provide converging evidence for an intracellular membrane orientation of MB-COMT in neurons and glial cells, suggesting the presence of a DAT1-independent postsynaptic uptake mechanism for dopamine, prior to its degradation via COMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn H Schott
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
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Schicknick H, Schott BH, Budinger E, Smalla KH, Riedel A, Seidenbecher CI, Scheich H, Gundelfinger ED, Tischmeyer W. Dopaminergic modulation of auditory cortex-dependent memory consolidation through mTOR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 18:2646-58. [PMID: 18321872 PMCID: PMC2567422 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhn026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies in the auditory cortex of Mongolian gerbils on discrimination learning of the direction of frequency-modulated tones (FMs) revealed that long-term memory formation involves activation of the dopaminergic system, activity of the protein kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and protein synthesis. This led to the hypothesis that the dopaminergic system might modulate memory formation via regulation of mTOR, which is implicated in translational control. Here, we report that the D1/D5 dopamine receptor agonist SKF-38393 substantially improved gerbils’ FM discrimination learning when administered systemically or locally into the auditory cortex shortly before, shortly after, or 1 day before conditioning. Although acquisition performance during initial training was normal, the discrimination of FMs was enhanced during retraining performed hours or days after agonist injection compared with vehicle-injected controls. The D1/D5 receptor antagonist SCH-23390, the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, and the protein synthesis blocker anisomycin suppressed this effect. By immunohistochemistry, D1 dopamine receptors were identified in the gerbil auditory cortex predominantly in the infragranular layers. Together, these findings suggest that in the gerbil auditory cortex dopaminergic inputs regulate mTOR-mediated, protein synthesis-dependent mechanisms, thus controlling for hours or days the consolidation of memory required for the discrimination of complex auditory stimuli.
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Dieterich DC, Karpova A, Mikhaylova M, Zdobnova I, König I, Landwehr M, Kreutz M, Smalla KH, Richter K, Landgraf P, Reissner C, Boeckers TM, Zuschratter W, Spilker C, Seidenbecher CI, Garner CC, Gundelfinger ED, Kreutz MR. Caldendrin-Jacob: a protein liaison that couples NMDA receptor signalling to the nucleus. PLoS Biol 2008; 6:e34. [PMID: 18303947 PMCID: PMC2253627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0060034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2007] [Accepted: 01/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors and calcium can exert multiple and very divergent effects within neuronal cells, thereby impacting opposing occurrences such as synaptic plasticity and neuronal degeneration. The neuronal Ca2+ sensor Caldendrin is a postsynaptic density component with high similarity to calmodulin. Jacob, a recently identified Caldendrin binding partner, is a novel protein abundantly expressed in limbic brain and cerebral cortex. Strictly depending upon activation of NMDA-type glutamate receptors, Jacob is recruited to neuronal nuclei, resulting in a rapid stripping of synaptic contacts and in a drastically altered morphology of the dendritic tree. Jacob's nuclear trafficking from distal dendrites crucially requires the classical Importin pathway. Caldendrin binds to Jacob's nuclear localization signal in a Ca2+-dependent manner, thereby controlling Jacob's extranuclear localization by competing with the binding of Importin-alpha to Jacob's nuclear localization signal. This competition requires sustained synapto-dendritic Ca2+ levels, which presumably cannot be achieved by activation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors, but are confined to Ca2+ microdomains such as postsynaptic spines. Extrasynaptic NMDA receptors, as opposed to their synaptic counterparts, trigger the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) shut-off pathway, and cell death. We found that nuclear knockdown of Jacob prevents CREB shut-off after extrasynaptic NMDA receptor activation, whereas its nuclear overexpression induces CREB shut-off without NMDA receptor stimulation. Importantly, nuclear knockdown of Jacob attenuates NMDA-induced loss of synaptic contacts, and neuronal degeneration. This defines a novel mechanism of synapse-to-nucleus communication via a synaptic Ca2+-sensor protein, which links the activity of NMDA receptors to nuclear signalling events involved in modelling synapto-dendritic input and NMDA receptor-induced cellular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela C Dieterich
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anna Karpova
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marina Mikhaylova
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Irina Zdobnova
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Imbritt König
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Marco Landwehr
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Kreutz
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Smalla
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karin Richter
- Institute for Medical Neurobiology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter Landgraf
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Reissner
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tobias M Boeckers
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Werner Zuschratter
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christina Spilker
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Constanze I Seidenbecher
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Craig C Garner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael R Kreutz
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
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Hedstrom KL, Xu X, Ogawa Y, Frischknecht R, Seidenbecher CI, Shrager P, Rasband MN. Neurofascin assembles a specialized extracellular matrix at the axon initial segment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 178:875-86. [PMID: 17709431 PMCID: PMC2064550 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200705119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Action potential initiation and propagation requires clustered Na+ (voltage-gated Na+ [Nav]) channels at axon initial segments (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier. In addition to ion channels, these domains are characterized by cell adhesion molecules (CAMs; neurofascin-186 [NF-186] and neuron glia–related CAM [NrCAM]), cytoskeletal proteins (ankyrinG and βIV spectrin), and the extracellular chondroitin-sulfate proteoglycan brevican. Schwann cells initiate peripheral nervous system node formation by clustering NF-186, which then recruits ankyrinG and Nav channels. However, AIS assembly of this protein complex does not require glial contact. To determine the AIS assembly mechanism, we silenced expression of AIS proteins by RNA interference. AnkyrinG knockdown prevented AIS localization of all other AIS proteins. Loss of NF-186, NrCAM, Nav channels, or βIV spectrin did not affect other neuronal AIS proteins. However, loss of NF-186 blocked assembly of the brevican-based AIS extracellular matrix, and NF-186 overexpression caused somatodendritic brevican clustering. Thus, NF-186 assembles and links the specialized brevican-containing AIS extracellular matrix to the intracellular cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian L Hedstrom
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
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37
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Schott BH, Niehaus L, Wittmann BC, Schütze H, Seidenbecher CI, Heinze HJ, Düzel E. Ageing and early-stage Parkinson's disease affect separable neural mechanisms of mesolimbic reward processing. Brain 2007; 130:2412-24. [PMID: 17626038 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awm147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to learn stimulus-reward associations on the basis of reward prediction errors critically depends on the mesolimbic dopaminergic system including the dopaminergic midbrain and the ventral striatum. It is known that healthy elderly and patients with Parkinson's disease are less proficient than healthy young adults in learning stimulus-reward contingencies, but it is unclear whether this is due to dysfunctional mesolimbic reward prediction or due to deficiency in processing the rewards per se. We used a well-established event-related fMRI reward-prediction paradigm to address this question. Young adults showed the well-replicated pattern of midbrain and ventral striatal activation for stimuli that predicted monetary reward when compared with stimuli that predicted neutral feedback. Also, as expected, the predicted reward feedback itself did not elicit a mesolimbic response. Healthy elderly subjects and unmedicated early-stage idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients showed the opposite pattern with an absent mesolimbic reward prediction response, but mesolimbic activation to the reward feedback itself. This suggests that the healthy elderly and Parkinson's disease patients were less proficient in learning the predictive value of the reward cues despite preserved mesolimbic processing of reward prediction errors. Parkinson's disease patients additionally displayed a relatively increased response of the anterior cingulate during reward feedback processing and diminished functional connectivity of the midbrain and ventral striatum. Our results are compatible with existing behavioural evidence that both groups exhibit a particularly pronounced deficit in learning from positive feedback and support the view that a tendency to underestimate expected values of reward cues might underlie this deficit. Furthermore, alterations in reward processing in Parkinson's disease extend beyond accelerated ageing effects and include altered connectivity within the mesolimbic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn H Schott
- Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, Magdeburg 39118 , Germany
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Abstract
Comprehensive analysis of neuromuscular junction formation and recent data on synaptogenesis and long-term potentiation in the central nervous system revealed a number of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules regulating different aspects of synaptic differentiation and function. The emerging mechanisms comprise interactions of ECM components with their cell surface receptors coupled to tyrosine kinase activities (agrin, integrin ligands, and reelin) and interactions with ion channels and transmitter receptors (Narp, tenascin-R and tenascin-C). These interactions may shape synaptic transmission and plasticity of excitatory synapses either via regulation of Ca2+ entry and postsynaptic expression of transmitter receptors or via control of GABAergic inhibition. The ECM molecules, derived from both neurons and glial cells and secreted into the extracellular space in an activity-dependent manner, may also shape synaptic plasticity through setting diffusion constraints for neurotransmitters, trophic factors and ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dityatev
- Institut für Neurophysiologie und Pathophysiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
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Schott BH, Seidenbecher CI, Fenker DB, Lauer CJ, Bunzeck N, Bernstein HG, Tischmeyer W, Gundelfinger ED, Heinze HJ, Düzel E. The dopaminergic midbrain participates in human episodic memory formation: evidence from genetic imaging. J Neurosci 2006; 26:1407-17. [PMID: 16452664 PMCID: PMC6675495 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3463-05.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data from animal studies raise the possibility that dopaminergic neuromodulation promotes the encoding of novel stimuli. We investigated a possible role for the dopaminergic midbrain in human episodic memory by measuring how polymorphisms in dopamine clearance pathways affect encoding-related brain activity (functional magnetic resonance imaging) in an episodic memory task. In 51 young, healthy adults, successful episodic encoding was associated with activation of the substantia nigra. This midbrain activation was modulated by a functional variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in the dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene. Despite no differences in memory performance between genotype groups, carriers of the (low expressing) 9-repeat allele of the DAT1 VNTR showed relatively higher midbrain activation when compared with subjects homozygous for the 10-repeat allele, who express DAT1 at higher levels. The catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) Val108/158Met polymorphism, which is known to modulate enzyme activity, affected encoding-related activity in the right prefrontal cortex (PFC) and in occipital brain regions but not in the midbrain. Moreover, subjects homozygous for the (low activity) Met allele showed stronger functional coupling between the PFC and the hippocampus during encoding. Our finding that genetic variations in the dopamine clearance pathways affect encoding-related activation patterns in midbrain and PFC provides strong support for a role of dopaminergic neuromodulation in human episodic memory formation. It also supports the hypothesis of anatomically and functionally distinct roles for DAT1 and COMT in dopamine metabolism, with DAT1 modulating rapid, phasic midbrain activity and COMT being particularly involved in prefrontal dopamine clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn H Schott
- Department of Neurology II, Center for Advanced Imaging, University Hospital of Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
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John N, Krügel H, Frischknecht R, Smalla KH, Schultz C, Kreutz MR, Gundelfinger ED, Seidenbecher CI. Brevican-containing perineuronal nets of extracellular matrix in dissociated hippocampal primary cultures. Mol Cell Neurosci 2006; 31:774-84. [PMID: 16503162 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2006.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2005] [Revised: 12/29/2005] [Accepted: 01/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNN) are specialized extracellular matrix structures enwrapping CNS neurons, which are important regulators for neuronal and synaptic functions. Brevican, a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, is an integral component of PNN. Here, we have investigated the appearance of these structures in hippocampal primary cultures. The expression profile of brevican in mixed cultures resembles the in vivo pattern with a strong upregulation of all isoforms during the second and 3rd weeks in culture. Brevican is primarily synthesized by co-cultured glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP-)-positive astrocytes and co-assembles with its interaction partners in PNN-like structures on neuronal somata and neurites as identified by counterstaining with the PNN marker Vicia villosa lectin. Both excitatory and inhibitory synapses are embedded into PNN. Furthermore, axon initial segments are strongly covered by a dense brevican coat. Altogether, we show that mature primary cultures can form PNN, and that basic features of these extracellular matrix structures may be studied in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora John
- Department for Neurochemistry and Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology Magdeburg, Germany
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41
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Seidenbecher CI, Landwehr M, Smalla KH, Kreutz M, Dieterich DC, Zuschratter W, Reissner C, Hammarback JA, Böckers TM, Gundelfinger ED, Kreutz MR. Caldendrin but not calmodulin binds to light chain 3 of MAP1A/B: an association with the microtubule cytoskeleton highlighting exclusive binding partners for neuronal Ca(2+)-sensor proteins. J Mol Biol 2004; 336:957-70. [PMID: 15095872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2003.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2003] [Revised: 12/15/2003] [Accepted: 12/18/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Caldendrin is a neuronal Ca(2+)-sensor protein (NCS), which represents the closest homologue of calmodulin (CaM) in nerve cells. It is tightly associated with the somato-dendritic cytoskeleton of neurons and highly enriched in the postsynaptic cytomatrix. Here, we report that caldendrin specifically associates with the microtubule cytoskeleton via an interaction with light chain 3 (LC3), a microtubule component with sequence homology to the GABAA receptor-associated protein (GABARAP), which is, like LC3, probably involved in cellular transport processes. Interestingly, two binding sites exist in LC3 for caldendrin from which only one exhibits a strict Ca(2+)-dependency for the interaction to take place but both require the presence of the first two EF-hands of caldendrin. CaM, however, is not capable of binding to LC3 at both sites despite its high degree of primary structure similarity with caldendrin. Computer modelling suggests that this might be explained by an altered distribution of surface charges at the first two EF-hands rendering each molecule, in principle, specific for a discrete set of binding partners. These findings provide molecular evidence that NCS can transduce signals to a specific target interaction irrespective of Ca(2+)-concentrations and CaM-levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze I Seidenbecher
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry/Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
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Smalla KH, Seidenbecher CI, Tischmeyer W, Schicknick H, Wyneken U, Böckers TM, Gundelfinger ED, Kreutz MR. Kainate-induced epileptic seizures induce a recruitment of caldendrin to the postsynaptic density in rat brain. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 2003; 116:159-62. [PMID: 12941472 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-328x(03)00235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Caldendrin defines a novel family of neuronal calcium-sensor proteins, the C-terminal moiety of which displays high similarity to calmodulin. We now report that the protein is recruited to the postsynaptic density (PSD) of cortical and hippocampal neurons in response to kainate-induced epileptic seizures, an animal model of human temporal lobe epilepsy. The translocation of caldendrin to the PSD did not occur in kainate-treated rats that did not develop seizures. The enhanced PSD levels of caldendrin are not due to increased protein synthesis and most likely reflect a recruitment from the soluble caldendrin protein pool. These findings suggest that the transduction of dendritic Ca2+-signals via caldendrin is altered by epileptic seizures and that caldendrin might be involved in the pathophysiology of temporal lobe epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Heinz Smalla
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry/Molecular Biology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestrasse 6, Magdeburg 39118, Germany
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Tischmeyer W, Schicknick H, Kraus M, Seidenbecher CI, Staak S, Scheich H, Gundelfinger ED. Rapamycin-sensitive signalling in long-term consolidation of auditory cortex-dependent memory. Eur J Neurosci 2003; 18:942-50. [PMID: 12925020 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02820.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
New memories initially persist in a labile state and require protein synthesis-dependent processes of consolidation for long-term manifestation. Using differential conditioning to linearly frequency-modulated tones (FMs) we have recently shown that post-training injections of protein synthesis inhibitors into the auditory cortex of Mongolian gerbils interfere with long-term memory for a number of days. Here, we have used rapamycin as a pharmacological tool to elucidate signalling pathways that control the synthesis of proteins required for persistent memory storage. In mammalian cells, inhibition of target of rapamycin (TOR)-mediated pathways was shown to block the translation of distinct classes of mRNAs. Bilateral infusions of rapamycin into the gerbil auditory cortex shortly after FM discrimination training did not impair the maintenance of the newly acquired memory trace for 24 h, but caused profound retention deficits at 48 h after injection. Control experiments showed that the amnesic action is rapamycin-dependent, confined to the context of memory formation, and suppressed by the antagonist FK506. These data indicate that, in the mammalian brain, activation of rapamycin-sensitive signalling pathways contributes to long-term consolidation of a cerebral cortex-dependent form of memory. Moreover, the finding that rapamycin-induced amnesia parallels only late effects of conventional protein synthesis inhibitors on FM discrimination memory implies that at least two different protein synthesis-dependent processes control memory formation. Both are activated during or shortly after learning. Whereas one process is required for the initial maintenance of memory for about one day the second one is involved in the regulation of its long-lasting persistence in conditioning to FMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Tischmeyer
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestrasse 6, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany.
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Bernstein HG, Seidenbecher CI, Smalla KH, Gundelfinger ED, Bogerts B, Kreutz MR. Distribution and cellular localization of caldendrin immunoreactivity in adult human forebrain. J Histochem Cytochem 2003; 51:1109-12. [PMID: 12871994 DOI: 10.1177/002215540305100816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) the distribution of caldendrin, the founding member of a novel family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins closely related to calmodulin, in human forebrain. Caldendrin immunoreactivity was unevenly distributed, with prominent staining in the paleo- and neocortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. With the exception of the hypothalamus, labeling was restricted to the somato-dendritic compartment of neurons. This distribution completely matches that reported in rat, indicating that the cellular function is most likely conserved among species. Therefore, one prerequisite for functional studies in rodent models aimed at elucidation of mechanisms with relevance for humans can be based on the present findings.
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Abstract
Caldendrin is the first member of a novel family of Ca2+-binding proteins (CaBPs). Its unique two-domain structure is composed of a calmodulin-homologous teminus and an unrelated N-terminal part. The latter is thought to mediate the tight association of caldendrin with the subsynaptic cytoskeleton. Caldendrin is expressed in forebrain regions with a laminar cytoarchitecture as well as in the inner retina where it is localized to OFF cone bipolar and a subset of amacrine and ganlion cells. In addition, caldendrin is prominently present in processes and synapses of the inner plexiform layer. Thus, caldendrin-immunoreactivity is displayed by ubpopulations of most retinal cell classes, with the exception of glial cells. Caldendrin is most likely involved in dendritic Ca2+-signaling, one of the functions of its close relative, calmodulin. However, several lines of evidence suggest that due to its unique properties caldendrin might not merely substitute for calmodulin. t is speculated that either the specific enrichment in cellular micro-compartments like the postsynaptic cytomatrix, the unique two-domain structure or the altered distribution of surface charges renders caldendrin specific for distinct binding partners or certain Ca2+-triggered signaling events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze I Seidenbecher
- AG Molecular of Plasicity, Department of Neurochemistry/Molecular Biology, Leibnitz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany.
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Kreutz MR, Seidenbecher CI, Sabel BA. Molecular plasticity of retinal ganglion cells after partial optic nerve injury. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2003; 14:127-134. [PMID: 12671256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
In the past few years we established the partial crush of the optic nerve as an in vivo model system for the study of signaling pathways involved in molecular plasticity after axonal injury. The simplicity of this model at the cellular level allows decisive questions to be anwsered whilst functional aspects of visual information processing can be studied in parallel. A major advantage of a partial optic nerve crush model is the opportunity to directly compare different cell populations: (i) the rapidly degenerating retinal ganglion cells (RGC), (ii) the axotomized RGC population that eventually dies over the period of the next few weeks, (iii) the axotomized RGC population surviving for a long time in the retina without an axon and (iv) the surviving RGC population that maintains axonal connections to their brain targets. Thus, differential aspects of post-lesion plasticity can be analyzed. Using this axonal injury model we investigated the expression of immediate early genes, glutamate receptors, and other differentially expressed genes that we identified with a combined subtractive hybridization and suppression polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screen. Moreover, we characterized time course of cell death, the astroglia response of the retina and optic nerve as well as the topography of anterograde and retrograde axonal transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Kreutz
- AG Mol. and Cell. Neurobiology, Institute of Medical Psychology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Abstract
Brevican is a neural-specific proteoglycan of the brain extracellular matrix, which is particularly abundant in the terminally differentiated CNS. It is expressed by neuronal and glial cells, and as a component of the perineuronal nets it decorates the surface of large neuronal somata and primary dendrites. One brevican isoform harbors a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor attachment site and, as shown by ethanolamine incorporation studies, is indeed glypiated in stably transfected HEK293 cells as well as in oligodendrocyte precursor Oli-neu cells. The major isoform is secreted into the extracellular space, although a significant amount appears to be tightly attached to the cell membrane, as it floats up in sucrose gradients. Flotation is sensitive to detergent treatment. Brevican is most prominent in the microsomal, light membrane and synaptosomal fractions of rat brain membrane preparations. The association with the particulate fraction is in part sensitive to chondroitinase ABC and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C treatment. Furthermore, brevican staining on the surface of hippocampal neurons in culture is diminished after hyaluronidase or chondroitinase ABC treatment. Taken together, this could provide a mechanism by which perineuronal nets are anchored on neuronal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze I Seidenbecher
- AG Molecular Mechanisms of Plasticity, Department of Neurochemistry/Molecular Biology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany.
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48
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Brakebusch C, Seidenbecher CI, Asztely F, Rauch U, Matthies H, Meyer H, Krug M, Böckers TM, Zhou X, Kreutz MR, Montag D, Gundelfinger ED, Fässler R. Brevican-deficient mice display impaired hippocampal CA1 long-term potentiation but show no obvious deficits in learning and memory. Mol Cell Biol 2002; 22:7417-27. [PMID: 12370289 PMCID: PMC135663 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.22.21.7417-7427.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2002] [Revised: 06/10/2002] [Accepted: 07/16/2002] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brevican is a brain-specific proteoglycan which is found in specialized extracellular matrix structures called perineuronal nets. Brevican increases the invasiveness of glioma cells in vivo and has been suggested to play a role in central nervous system fiber tract development. To study the role of brevican in the development and function of the brain, we generated mice lacking a functional brevican gene. These mice are viable and fertile and have a normal life span. Brain anatomy was normal, although alterations in the expression of neurocan were detected. Perineuronal nets formed but appeared to be less prominent in mutant than in wild-type mice. Brevican-deficient mice showed significant deficits in the maintenance of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP). However, no obvious impairment of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission was found, suggesting a complex cause for the LTP defect. Detailed behavioral analysis revealed no statistically significant deficits in learning and memory. These data indicate that brevican is not crucial for brain development but has restricted structural and functional roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cord Brakebusch
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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49
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Laube G, Seidenbecher CI, Richter K, Dieterich DC, Hoffmann B, Landwehr M, Smalla KH, Winter C, Böckers TM, Wolf G, Gundelfinger ED, Kreutz MR. The neuron-specific Ca2+-binding protein caldendrin: gene structure, splice isoforms, and expression in the rat central nervous system. Mol Cell Neurosci 2002; 19:459-75. [PMID: 11906216 DOI: 10.1006/mcne.2001.1078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Caldendrin is the founder member of a recently discovered family of calmodulin-like proteins, which are highly abundant in brain. In this study we examined the organization of the murine and human caldendrin gene as well as the expression pattern of transcripts for caldendrin and two novel splice variants. In addition the distribution of caldendrin in rat brain has been assessed by immunohistochemistry. Caldendrin is localized to the somatodendritic compartment of a subpopulation of mainly principal neurons in brain regions with a laminar organization and is present only at a subset of mature excitatory synapses. Caldendrin immunoreactivity (IR) is tightly associated with the cortical cytoskeleton, enriched in the postsynaptic density (PSD) fraction, and associates late during development with the synaptic cytomatrix. The expression is highly heterogenous within cortex, with highest levels of caldendrin IR in layer III of the piriform and layer II/III of the somatosensory cortex. The segregated cortical distribution to areas, which represent the most important primary sensory systems of the rodent brain, may reflect different requirements for dendritic Ca2+-signaling in these neurons. The presence of caldendrin in the PSD of distinct synapses may have important implications for Ca2+-modulated processes of synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Laube
- Institute for Medical Neurobiology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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Zhou XH, Brakebusch C, Matthies H, Oohashi T, Hirsch E, Moser M, Krug M, Seidenbecher CI, Boeckers TM, Rauch U, Buettner R, Gundelfinger ED, Fässler R. Neurocan is dispensable for brain development. Mol Cell Biol 2001; 21:5970-8. [PMID: 11486035 PMCID: PMC87315 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.21.17.5970-5978.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurocan is a component of the extracellular matrix in brain. Due to its inhibition of neuronal adhesion and outgrowth in vitro and its expression pattern in vivo it was suggested to play an important role in axon guidance and neurite growth. To study the role of neurocan in brain development we generated neurocan-deficient mice by targeted disruption of the neurocan gene. These mice are viable and fertile and have no obvious deficits in reproduction and general performance. Brain anatomy, morphology, and ultrastructure are similar to those of wild-type mice. Perineuronal nets surrounding neurons appear largely normal. Mild deficits in synaptic plasticity may exist, as maintenance of late-phase hippocampal long-term potentiation is reduced. These data indicate that neurocan has either a redundant or a more subtle function in the development of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Zhou
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
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