1
|
Beygmoradi A, Homaei A, Hemmati R, Fernandes P. Recombinant protein expression: Challenges in production and folding related matters. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123407. [PMID: 36708896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Protein folding is a biophysical process by which proteins reach a specific three-dimensional structure. The amino acid sequence of a polypeptide chain contains all the information needed to determine the final three-dimensional structure of a protein. When producing a recombinant protein, several problems can occur, including proteolysis, incorrect folding, formation of inclusion bodies, or protein aggregation, whereby the protein loses its natural structure. To overcome such limitations, several strategies have been developed to address each specific issue. Identification of proper protein refolding conditions can be challenging, and to tackle this high throughput screening for different recombinant protein folding conditions can prove a sound solution. Different approaches have emerged to tackle refolding issues. One particular approach to address folding issues involves molecular chaperones, highly conserved proteins that contribute to proper folding by shielding folding proteins from other proteins that could hinder the process. Proper protein folding is one of the main prerequisites for post-translational modifications. Incorrect folding, if not dealt with, can lead to a buildup of protein misfoldings that damage cells and cause widespread abnormalities. Said post-translational modifications, widespread in eukaryotes, are critical for protein structure, function and biological activity. Incorrect post-translational protein modifications may lead to individual consequences or aggregation of therapeutic proteins. In this review article, we have tried to examine some key aspects of recombinant protein expression. Accordingly, the relevance of these proteins is highlighted, major problems related to the production of recombinant protein and to refolding issues are pinpointed and suggested solutions are presented. An overview of post-translational modification, their biological significance and methods of identification are also provided. Overall, the work is expected to illustrate challenges in recombinant protein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Beygmoradi
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ahmad Homaei
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Pedro Fernandes
- DREAMS and Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Av. Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kazemi Pordanjani M, Banitalebi E, Roghani M, Hemmati R. Ursolic acid enhances the effect of exercise training on vascular aging by reducing oxidative stress in aged type 2 diabetic rats. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 11:696-708. [PMID: 36789048 PMCID: PMC9922143 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) mediates the vasorelaxant activity via nitric oxide (NO) release, and upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells (ECs) in disease conditions with increased oxidative stress (OS). The present study aimed to reflect on the impact of 8 weeks of a combination of UA supplementation and resistance/endurance training in old male Wistar rats having a high-fat diet and/or low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes (HFD/STZ-induced T2D), with an emphasis on Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) axis and OS indices in their aortic tissues. A total number of56 21-month-old male Wistar rats with HFD/STZ-induced T2D were randomized into seven groups (n = eight animals per group): (1) sedentary old nondiabetic (Control [C]); (2) sedentary HFD/STZ-induced T2D (Diabetic [D]); (3) sedentary HFD/STZ-induced T2D plus UA (Diabetic + Ursolic Acid [DU]); (4) endurance-trained HFD/STZ-induced T2D (Diabetic + Endurance Training [DE]); (5) resistance-trained HFD/STZ-induced T2D (Diabetic + Resistance Training [DR]); (6) endurance-trained HFD/STZ-induced T2D plus UA (Diabetic + Endurance Training + Ursolic Acid [DEU]); and (7) resistance-trained STZ-diabetic plus UA (Diabetic + Resistance Training + Ursolic Acid [DRU]) rats. The ladder-based resistance training group performed the ladder resistance training at 60% of the maximum voluntary carrying capacity (MVCC), 14-20 climbs in each session, with a one-min rest between each two trials, 5 days a week. The treadmill-based endurance exercise training protocol consisted of repeated bouts of high- and low-intensity training with 60-75% maximal running speed and 30%-40% maximal running speed in the course of 8 weeks, respectively. The animals in the supplement groups also took 500 mg of UA/kg of high-fat diet/day, resulting in a daily UA intake of approximately 250 mg UA per kg of body weight rat/day. The resistance/endurance training plus the UA consumption could partially reverse the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), as well as total antioxidant capacity (TAC). It was concluded that oral 0.5% UA supplementation can prevent vascular aging biomarkers in a HFD/STZ-induced T2D model. Further studies are also required to clarify how chronic consumption of UA with/without training protocols reverses vascular aging process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Department of Physiology, Neurophysiology Research CenterShahed UniversityTehranIran
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Molaei M, Farahmandzadeh F, Hemmati R. Correction to: Mercury (Hg2 +) Detection in Aqueous Media, Photocatalyst, and Antibacterial Applications of CdTe/ZnS Quantum Dots. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:2139. [PMID: 36006566 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Molaei
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Vali-E-Asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | | | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abbasi Kheirabadi M, Saffar B, Hemmati R, Mortazavi M. Thermally stable and acidic pH tolerant mutant phytases with high catalytic efficiency from Yersinia intermedia for potential application in feed industries. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:33713-33724. [PMID: 35029822 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heat- and pH-stable phytase efficiently hydrolyzes phytic acid. In this research, heat- and pH-stable mutant phytases, T83R, L287R, and T83R/L287R were generated by site-directed mutagenesis from Yersinia intermedia. After the induction and expression of recombinant wild-type and mutant phytases in E. coli BL21, the enzymes were purified using nickel sepharose affinity chromatography, and characterized kinetically and thermodynamically using spectroscopy methods. The mutants showed optimum activity at pH 5.15 and 55-61 °C. The catalytic efficiencies of T83R, L287R, T83R/L287R, and wild-type phytases were calculated to be 2941, 29346, 4906, and 6917 mmol/L-1s-1, respectively. Moreover, after the incubation of T83R, L287R, wild-type, and T83R/ L287R phytases at 100 °C for 1 h, the enzymes retained 22, 5, 4, and 2% of their initial activities, respectively. In addition, T83R, T83R/L287R, L287R, and wild-type phytases retained 82, 44, 16 as well as 11% of their initial activities after 1 h at pH 5.15, respectively. Among these mutants, T83R mutant showed 18% increase in thermal stability, 71% increase in pH stability, and +0.103 KJ/mole increase in ΔΔG, while the catalytic efficiency and ΔΔG value of L287R mutant increased by 4 times and +0.0903 KJ/mole, respectively. Thus, the mutants have the potential to be used in feed industries to increase the bioavailability of minerals while decreasing soil and water pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Behnaz Saffar
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, 88186-34141, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Mortazavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Azadi MA, Hemmati R, Homaei A, Khalaji-Pirbalouty V. A psychrophilic caseinolytic aspartic protease from the freshwater amphipod Gammarus bakhteyaricus for application in milk coagulation. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
6
|
Yousefi Saqqezi S, Azamian Jazi A, Hemmati R, Jivad N. Combined Training Improves the Expression Profile of Inflammation-associated Antimicrobial Peptides, MicroRNAs, and TLR-4 in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021; 20:441-452. [PMID: 34418898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Some antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), microRNAs (miRs), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) are involved in autoimmune diseases, which may be affected by exercise training. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an eight-week combined exercise training (aerobic and resistance) on the expression of inflammatory factors, including, human beta-defensin-2 (hBD-2), cathelicidin (LL-37), TLR-4, miR-23b, miR-155, and miR-326 in women with relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), which has not been investigated yet. Twenty-three women (20-40 years) with RRMS were randomized into the combined training (CT) and control (CON) groups. The CT group subjects completed eight weeks of supervised CT using a treadmill and stationary bicycle for aerobic exercise and weight machines for resistance exercise. The expression levels of hBD-2, LL-37, TLR-4, miR-23b, miR-155, and miR-326 were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at the baseline and end of the study. Although the expression of hBD-2 and miR-23b decreased in both CT and CON groups, the reduction was lower in the CT group than in the CON group (p=0.001). The expression of LL-37 in the CT group remained unchanged, but that of the CON group increased; thus, the between-group difference was significant. Although the TLR-4, miR-155, and miR-326 expression increased in both groups compared to the baseline, the increase in the CT group was lower than the CON group. Our results showed that the combined training might improve inflammatory symptoms by affecting the expression of some AMPs, miRs, and TLR-4 in patients with relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran AND Biotechnology Research Institute, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Nahid Jivad
- Department of Neurology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vanani SM, Izadi Z, Hemmati R, Saffar B. Fabrication of an ultrasensitive aptasensor for precise electrochemical detection of the trace amounts of streptomycin in milk. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 206:111964. [PMID: 34229174 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Designing a sensitive method for the detection of streptomycin residues in animal products is essential for controlling consumer health risk. In this study, a high-purity pencil lead graphite electrode coated with inner graphene layers and outer surface-adsorbed gold nanoparticles attached to streptomycin-specific thiolated aptamer was used as an electrochemical aptasensor. The aptasensor electrode fabrication steps were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR). Moreover, aptasensor performance during fabrication and binding of aptamer to streptomycin were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. After the binding of sreptomycin to it's specific aptamer as a component of the aptasensor a decrease in the current and an increase in the charge transfer resistance (Rct) were recorded using the above-mentioned techniques. Under optimal conditions, the novel ultra-sensetive designed aptansensor detects streptomycin in the range of 10-8 to 10-16 M with a LOD of 0.8×10-18 M. The aptansensor demonstrates a high selectivity, good reproducibility and acceptable stability for the specific detection of streptomycin. According to the results, the manufactured aptansensor is a fast, low-cost, highly sensitive and selective device and thus the aptasensor can detect the trace amounts of streptomycin in milk in dairy industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Mozafari Vanani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Izadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering of Biosystems, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran; Biotechnology Research Institute, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Behnaz Saffar
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lahiji S, Hemmati R, Homaei A, Saffar B, Ghorbani M. Improved thermal stability of phytase from Yersinia intermedia by physical adsorption immobilization on amino-multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2217-2228. [PMID: 34142205 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02598-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Phytase is used in poultry diets to hydrolyze and release of phytate-bound phosphorus. Immobilization on nanomaterials optimizes enzyme's thermal stability and reusability. This study aimed to immobilize the recombinant phytase from Yersinia intermedia on the surface of amino-multi-walled carbon nanotubes (amino-MWCNTs) by physical adsorption. For this, zeta potential measurement, FTIR spectroscopic analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), kinetic as well as thermodynamic parameters were used to characterize immobilized phytase on amino-MWCNTs. According to results, the optimum temperature of the immobilized phytase increased from 50 to 70 °C and also thermal and pH stability improved considerably. Moreover, immobilization led to an increase in the value of Km and kcat from 0.13 to 0.33 mM and 2220 to 2776 s-1, respectively. In addition, the changes in activation energy of thermal inactivation (ΔE#a (D)), the free energy of thermal inactivation (ΔG#D) and the enthalpy of thermal inactivation (ΔH#D) for immobilized phytase increased by +11.05, +24.7 and +11.4 kj/mole, respectively, while the value of the change in the entropy of thermal inactivation (ΔS#D) decreased by - 0.04 kj/mole.K. Overall, our results showed that adsorption immobilization of phytase on amino-MWCNTs increases thermal, pH and storage stability as well as some of kinetic parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sima Lahiji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Homaei
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Behnaz Saffar
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Sharekord, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Ghorbani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mehrabadi ME, Hemmati R, Tashakor A, Homaei A, Yousefzadeh M, Hemati K, Hosseinkhani S. Induced dysregulation of ACE2 by SARS-CoV-2 plays a key role in COVID-19 severity. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111363. [PMID: 33582450 PMCID: PMC7862910 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of COVID-19, is reported to increase the rate of mortality worldwide. COVID-19 is associated with acute respiratory symptoms as well as blood coagulation in the vessels (thrombosis), heart attack and stroke. Given the requirement of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells, here we discuss how the downregulation of ACE2 in the COVID-19 patients and virus-induced shift in ACE2 catalytic equilibrium, change the concentrations of substrates such as angiotensin II, apelin-13, dynorphin-13, and products such as angiotensin (1–7), angiotensin (1–9), apelin-12, dynorphin-12 in the human body. Substrates accumulation ultimately induces inflammation, angiogenesis, thrombosis, neuronal and tissue damage while diminished products lead to the loss of the anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic and anti-angiogenic responses. In this review, we focus on the viral-induced imbalance between ACE2 substrates and products which exacerbates the severity of COVID-19. Considering the roadmap, we propose multiple therapeutic strategies aiming to rebalance the products of ACE2 and to ameliorate the symptoms of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Sharekord, Iran; Biotechnology Research Institute, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran; COVID-19 research group, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Univesity, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Amin Tashakor
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ahmad Homaei
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | | | - Karim Hemati
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ashkan Z, Hemmati R, Homaei A, Dinari A, Jamlidoost M, Tashakor A. Immobilization of enzymes on nanoinorganic support materials: An update. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 168:708-721. [PMID: 33232698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use in various industries, enzyme's instability and non-reusability limit their applications which can be overcome by immobilization. The nature of the enzyme's support material and method of immobilization affect activity, stability, and kinetics properties of enzymes. Here, we report a comparative study of the effects of inorganic support materials on immobilized enzymes. Accordingly, immobilization of enzymes on nanoinorganic support materials significantly improved thermal and pH stability. Furthermore, immobilizations of enzymes on the materials mainly increased Km values while decreased the Vmax values of enzymes. Immobilized enzymes on nanoinorganic support materials showed the increase in ΔG value, and decrease in both ΔH and ΔS values. In contrast to weak physical adsorption immobilization, covalently-bound and multipoint-attached immobilized enzymes do not release from the support surface to contaminate the product and thus the cost is decreased while the product quality is increased. Nevertheless, nanomaterials can enter the environment and increase health and environmental risks and should be used cautiously. Altogether, it can be predicated that hybrid support materials, directed immobilization methods, site-directed mutagenesis, recombinant fusion protein technology, green nanomaterials and trailor-made supports will be used increasingly to produce more efficient immobilized industrial enzymes in near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ashkan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Sharekord, Iran
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Sharekord, Iran; Biotechnology Research Institute, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Homaei
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ali Dinari
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran
| | - Marzieh Jamlidoost
- Department of Virology, Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Namazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Amin Tashakor
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Bimolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sadeghi-kaji S, Shareghi B, Saboury AA, Farhadian S, Hemmati R. A molecular investigation into the interaction of SiO2 nanoparticles with elastase by multispectroscopic techniques and kinetic studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 134:216-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
12
|
Shanazari Z, Faramarzi M, Banitalebi E, Hemmati R. Effect of moderate and high-intensity endurance and resistance training on serum concentrations of MSTN and IGF-1 in old male Wistar rats. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2019; 38:/j/hmbci.ahead-of-print/hmbci-2018-0066/hmbci-2018-0066.xml. [PMID: 31063458 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2018-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Skeletal muscle is very sensitive to extracellular and intracellular signaling evoked by contractions from endurance and resistance exercise. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of moderate- and high-intensity endurance and resistance training on the serum myostatin (MSTN) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels in older rats. Materials and methods Fifty old Wistar male rats (23 months old) were randomly divided into four experimental and one control groups, including moderate-endurance training (MET) (n = 10), high-intensity endurance training (EHT) (n = 10), moderate-intensity resistance training (MRT) (n = 10), high-intensity resistance training (HRT) (n = 10), and control group (C) (n = 10). Seventy-two hours after the last exercise session, euthanasia of the rats were rendered unconscious and direct blood samples were collected. Serum IGF-1 and MSTN concentration were measured using the enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) method. The statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Results There was a significant reduction in MSTN and an increase in IGF-1 concentrations was observed between IGF-I levels in high and moderate resistance and endurance training. However, no significant difference was observed in MSTN levels between groups. Discussion Therefore, it appears that resistance training, especially HRT, is effective to increase growth mediators among older rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Faramarzi
- Exercise Physiology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran, Phone: 09133040196
| | | | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bakhtiari N, Mirzaie S, Hemmati R, Moslemee-Jalalvand E, Noori AR, Kazemi J. Mounting evidence validates Ursolic Acid directly activates SIRT1: A powerful STAC which mimic endogenous activator of SIRT1. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 650:39-48. [PMID: 29758202 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ursolic Acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, plays a vital role in aging process. However, the role of UA in the regulation of aging and longevity is still controversial as we have previously demonstrated that UA increases SIRT1 protein level in aged-mice. Here, we reveal that UA directly activates SIRT1 in silico, in vitro and in vivo. We have identified that UA binds to outer surface of SIRT1 and leads to tight binding of substrates to enzyme in comparison with Resveratrol (RSV) and control. Furthermore, our results indicate that UA drives the structure of SIRT1 toward a closed state (an active form of enzyme). Interestingly, our experimental findings are in agreement with the molecular dynamic results. Based on our data, UA increases the affinity of enzyme for both substrates with decreasing Km value, while enhances the Vmax of enzyme. Additionally, we have determined that UA heightened SIRT1 catalytic efficiency by 2 folds compared with RSV. Thereby, to identify the endogenous activator of SIRT1, UA was administrated to aged-mice and then the tissues were isolated. According to our results, it can be concluded that UA increases SIRT1 activity and mimics Lamin A and AROS behavior in the living cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuredin Bakhtiari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Barnch, Sanandaj, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic Azad University, North-Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sako Mirzaie
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Barnch, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Ali Reza Noori
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jahanfard Kazemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Barnch, Sanandaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Babaknejad N, Nayeri H, Hemmati R, Bahrami S, Esmaillzadeh A. An Overview of FGF19 and FGF21: The Therapeutic Role in the Treatment of the Metabolic Disorders and Obesity. Horm Metab Res 2018; 50:441-452. [PMID: 29883971 DOI: 10.1055/a-0623-2909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are responsible for the regulation of a wide range of biological functions, among which cellular proliferation, survival, migration, and differentiation could be pointed out. FGF19 controls the enterohepatic bile acid/cholesterol system, and FGF21 modulates fatty acid/glucose metabolism. Obesity, type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, and cancer, all can alter FGF21 circulating concentrations. In contrast to FGF21, metabolic diseases exhibit reduced serum FGF19 levels. Accordingly, FGF19 and FGF21 play important roles in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. Hence, we present here a timely review on the relationship between FGF19/21 and metabolic diseases, especially obesity, and their probable role in development and treatment of obesity seems necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Babaknejad
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hashem Nayeri
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Somaye Bahrami
- Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sharifian S, Homaei A, Hemmati R, B Luwor R, Khajeh K. The emerging use of bioluminescence in medical research. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:74-86. [PMID: 29477474 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioluminescence is the light produced by a living organism and is commonly emitted by sea life with Ca2+-regulated photoproteins being the most responsible for bioluminescence emission. Marine coelenterates provide important functions involved in essential purposes such as defense, feeding, and breeding. In this review, the main characteristics of marine photoproteins including aequorin, clytin, obelin, berovin, pholasin and symplectin from different marine organisms will be discussed. We will focused on the recent use of recombinant photoproteins in different biomedical research fields including the measurement of Ca2+ in different intracellular compartments of animal cells, as labels in the design and development of binding assays. This review will also outline how bioluminescent photoproteins have been used in a plethora of analytical methods including ultra-sensitive assays and in vivo imaging of cellular processes. Due to their unique properties including elective intracellular distribution, wide dynamic range, high signal-to-noise ratio and low Ca2+-buffering effect, recombinant photoproteins represent a promising future analytical tool in several in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Sharifian
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ahmad Homaei
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Rodney B Luwor
- Department of Surgery, Level 5, Clinical Sciences Building, The University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Barzkar N, Homaei A, Hemmati R, Patel S. Thermostable marine microbial proteases for industrial applications: scopes and risks. Extremophiles 2018; 22:335-346. [DOI: 10.1007/s00792-018-1009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
17
|
Sharifian S, Homaei A, Hemmati R, Khajeh K. Light emission miracle in the sea and preeminent applications of bioluminescence in recent new biotechnology. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 2017; 172:115-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
18
|
Hosseinkhani S, Emamgholi Zadeh E, Sahebazzamani F, Ataei F, Hemmati R. Luciferin-Regenerating Enzyme Crystal Structure Is Solved but its Function Is Still Unclear. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:429-435. [PMID: 28120440 DOI: 10.1111/php.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Contribution of luciferin-regenerating enzyme (LRE) for in vitro recycling of D-luciferin has been reported. According to crystal structure of LRE, it is a beta-propeller protein which is a type of all β-protein architecture. In this overview, reinvestigation of the luciferase-based LRE assays and its function is reported. Until now, sequence of LRE genes from four different species of firefly has been reported. In spite of previous reports, T-LRE (from Lampyris turkestanicus) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli as well as Pichia pastoris in a nonsoluble form as inclusion body. According to recent investigations, bioluminescent signal of soluble T-LRE-luciferase-coupled assay increased and then reached an equilibrium state in the presence of D-cysteine. In addition, the results revealed that both D- and L-cysteine in the absence of T-LRE caused a significant increase in bioluminescence intensity of luciferase over a long time. Based on activity measurements and spectroscopic results, D-cysteine increased the activity of luciferase due to its redox potential and induction of conformational changes in structure and kinetics properties. In conclusion, in spite of previous reports on the effect of LRE (at least T-LRE) on luciferase activity, most of the increase in luciferase activity is caused by direct effect of D-cysteine on structure and activity of firefly luciferase. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis cannot support the presence of LRE in peroxisome of photocytes in firefly lanterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Emamgholi Zadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sahebazzamani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farangis Ataei
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
Bakhtiari N, Hosseinkhani S, Soleimani M, Hemmati R, Noori-Zadeh A, Javan M, Tashakor A. Short-term ursolic acid promotes skeletal muscle rejuvenation through enhancing of SIRT1 expression and satellite cells proliferation. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 78:185-196. [PMID: 26898441 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a triterpenoid compound, which exerts its influences on the skeletal muscles. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are still unclear. In this study, muscle satellite cells were isolated and purified by high-throughput pre-plating method (∼>60%) from 10 days old mice skeletal muscles. Evaluation of paired-box 7 (Pax7) expressions then confirmed the purification. Treatment of the cells with UA showed that UA up-regulated SIRT1 (∼35 folds) and overexpressed PGC-1α (∼175 folds) gene significantly. Moreover, the number of muscle satellite cells, which accompanied by initiation of neomyogenesis in the animal skeletal muscles, was increased (∼3.4 times). We also evaluated UA-mediated changes in the cellular energy status in the skeletal muscles. The results revealed that in the UA-treated mice, ATP and ADP contents in the various skeletal muscle tissue types, including: Gastrocnemius (Gas), Tibialis Anterior (Tib) and Gluteus Maximus (Glu) have been significantly decreased (P≤0.001); 2.2, 3.2, 2 times for ATP, and 9.6, 35.7, 11.6 times for ADP, respectively; however to compensate this process mitochondrial biogenesis occurred (12.33%±1.5 times). Furthermore, a rise in ATP/ADP ratio was observed 2.5, 4.5, 2.05 times for Gas, Tib and Glu muscles, respectively (P≤0.001). Alternatively, UA enhanced the expression of myoglobin (∼2 folds) in concert with remodeling of glycolytic muscle fibers to mainly fast IIA (∼30%) and slow-twitch (∼4%) types as well. Finally, our study indicated that UA indirectly mimicked beneficial effects of short-term calorie restriction and exercise (fast-oxidative) by directing the skeletal muscle composition toward oxidative metabolism.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adenosine Diphosphate/metabolism
- Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Separation
- Energy Metabolism/drug effects
- Fasting/blood
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiology
- Myoglobin/metabolism
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/metabolism
- Rejuvenation/physiology
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/cytology
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/drug effects
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/metabolism
- Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle/ultrastructure
- Sirtuin 1/metabolism
- Triterpenes/pharmacology
- Ursolic Acid
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuredin Bakhtiari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Iran
| | - Ali Noori-Zadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Tashakor
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bakhtiari N, Hosseinkhani S, Tashakor A, Hemmati R. Ursolic acid ameliorates aging-metabolic phenotype through promoting of skeletal muscle rejuvenation. Med Hypotheses 2015; 85:1-6. [PMID: 25976755 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a lipophilic compound, which highly found in apple peels. UA has some certain features, of the most important is its anabolic effects on skeletal muscles, which in turn plays a prominent role in the aging process, encouraged us to evaluate skeletal muscle rejuvenation. This study seeks to address the two following questions: primarily, we wonder to know if UA increases anti-aging biomarkers (SIRT1 and PGC-1α) in the isolated satellite cells, to pave the way for satellite cells proliferation. The results revealed that UA elevated the expression of SIRT1 (∼ 35 folds) and PGC-1α (∼ 175 folds) genes. The other question that needs to be asked, however, is to understand whether it is possible to generalize the in vitro findings to in vivo. For this, a study was designed to investigate the effects of UA on the cellular energy status in the animal models (C57BL/6 mice). We found that UA decreased cellular energy charges such as ATP (∼ 3 times) and ADP (∼ 18 times). With respect to the role of UA in energy expenditure and as an anti-aging biomarker, one might wonder to elucidate skeletal muscle rejuvenation as well as satellite cells proliferation and neomyogenesis. The results illustrated that UA boosted neomyogenesis through enhancing the number of satellite cells. In addition, rejuvenation effects of UA on the skeletal muscle promptly encouraged us to reexamine the performance of skeletal muscles. The results indicated that UA through increasing myoglobin expression (∼ 2 folds) accompanied with transforming of glycolytic to fast oxidative status chiefly and slow-twitch muscle fibers. To the best of our knowledge, it seems that UA might be considered as a potential candidate for treatment of pathological conditions associated with muscular atrophy and dysfunction, including skeletal muscle atrophy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), sarcopenia and metabolic diseases of the muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuredin Bakhtiari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amin Tashakor
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Azad T, Tashakor A, Rahmati F, Hemmati R, Hosseinkhani S. Oscillation of apoptosome formation through assembly of truncated Apaf-1. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 760:64-71. [PMID: 25895636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we used spilt luciferase complementation assay strategy in order to further elucidate the main role of WD-40 repeats of Apaf-1 molecules in apoptosome formation. In the presence of ATP and cytochrome c, Apaf-1 monomers oligomerize and provide a platform for the activation of procaspase-9 and subsequently procaspase-3/7. For a detailed biochemical and structural investigation of Apaf-1 function and apoptosome formation, several studies have been made in recent years. However, many questions related to in vivo evaluation of this phenomenon have been persisting to answer. Some of the most important of these questions are related to WD-40 repeats at the carboxy terminus of Apaf-1 and its function in apoptosome complex formation and caspase activation. When truncated Apaf-1 molecules conjugated with luciferase fragments place in close proximity, light signal emits and real time evaluation of protein-protein interactions becomes possible. Here, we observed, for the first time, the autoassembly of truncated Apaf-1 molecules disappeared after several hours without any caspase-3/7 activation. However, we observed that, truncated Apaf-1 molecules can activate caspase-3/7 upon the induction of apoptosis via doxorubicin. Moreover, oscillation in luciferase activity upon complementation was revealed which implicates the dynamism of apoptosome formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taha Azad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Tashakor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Rahmati
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hemmati R, Hosseinkhani S, Sajedi RH, Azad T, Tashakor A, Bakhtiari N, Ataei F. Luciferin-Regenerating Enzyme Mediates Firefly Luciferase Activation Through Direct Effects of D-Cysteine on Luciferase Structure and Activity. Photochem Photobiol 2015; 91:828-36. [PMID: 25665080 DOI: 10.1111/php.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Luciferin-regenerating enzyme (LRE) contributes to in vitro recycling of D-luciferin. In this study, reinvestigation of the luciferase-based LRE assay is reported. Here, using quick change site-directed mutagenesis seven T-LRE (Lampyris turkestanicusLRE) mutants were constructed and the most functional mutant of T-LRE (T(69)R) was selected for this research and the effects of D- and L-cysteine on T(69)R T-LRE-luciferase-coupled assay are examined. Our results demonstrate that bioluminescent signal of T(69)R T-LRE-luciferase-coupled assay increases and then reach equilibrium state in the presence of 5 mm D-cysteine. In addition, results reveal that 5 mm D- and L-cysteine in the absence of T(69)R T-LRE cause a significant increase in bioluminescence intensity of luciferase over a long time as well as decrease in decay rate. Based on activity measurements, far-UV CD analysis, ANS fluorescence and DLS (Dynamic light scattering) results, D-cysteine increases the activity of luciferase due to weak redox potential, antiaggregatory effects, induction of changes in conformational structure and kinetics properties. In conclusion, in spite of previous reports on the effect of LRE on luciferase bioluminescent intensity, the majority of increase in luciferase light output and time-course originate from the direct effects of D-cysteine on structure and activity of firefly luciferase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza H Sajedi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taha Azad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Tashakor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nuredin Bakhtiari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farangis Ataei
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hemmati R, Sajedi RH, Bakhtiari N, Hosseinkhani S. Directed Improvement of Luciferin Regenerating Enzyme Binding Properties: Implication of Some Conserved Residues in Luciferin-Binding Domain. Photochem Photobiol 2014; 90:1293-8. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roohullah Hemmati
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Biological Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Reza H. Sajedi
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Biological Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Nuredin Bakhtiari
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Biological Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| | - Saman Hosseinkhani
- Department of Biochemistry; Faculty of Biological Sciences; Tarbiat Modares University; Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hemmati R, Javan-Nikkhah M, Okovvat SM, Ghazanfari K. Study on genetic diversity of Magnaporthe grisea using PCR and determination of the mating type alleles distribution in Mazandaran province, Iran. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2005; 70:311-3. [PMID: 16637192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The population structure of Magnaporthe grisea, the causal agent of the rice blast, was analyzed in Mazandaran province, using DNA fingerprinting based on RAPD-PCR by means of three primers including "I", "D" and "H". Total DNA of 47 isolates was extracted and amplified according to a specific PCR program. As a result, variable length fragments were generated. Each isolate was subjected to DNA fingerprinting and clonal lineages were determined. Phenetic analysis differentiated three distinct fingerprint lineages. In order to study on fertility status and distribution of the mating type idiomorphs (alleles), 72 monoconidial isolates from Mazandaran province were paired with four standard fertile hermaphrodite isolates. The mating type of 36 isolates was determined as Mat 1-1. The others (36 isolates) did not form any perithecia in pairing with standard isolates
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Hemmati
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hemmati R, Javan-Nikkhahi M, Hedjaroude GA, Okhovvat SM, Moosanejad S. Fertility status and distribution of mating type alleles of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe grisea in northern Iran. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2004; 69:537-9. [PMID: 15756836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out using 155 monoconidial isolates collected from different areas of two major rice growing provinces in northern Iran, including 94 isolates from Guilan and 59 isolates from Mazandaran. Among 94 isolates from Guilan, 92 and two isolates recovered from rice and crabgrass (Digitaria sp.), respectively. All 61 rested isolates from Mazandaran were recovered from rice. All isolates were evaluated for in vitro sexual fertility and mating type status by pairing with Mat 1-1 and Mat 1-2 fertile standard hermaphrodite isolates including Br48 and Th12 (Mat 1-1) and KA9 and TH16 (Mat 1-2). Of 155 isolates, 98 (63.2%) were fertile and 57 (36.8%) were infertile and produced no perithecium when mated with standard isolates. Among 98 fertile isolates, 96 isolates were identified as Mat 1-1 and two isolates as Mat 1-2. All Mat 1-1 isolates were obtained from rice and two Mat 1-2 isolates obtained from crab grass. No Mat 1-2 isolate was identified from rice in this study. Both mating types were found in Guilan but all isolates recovered from Mazandaran were identified as Mat 1-1. Male fertility predominated in fertile Mat 1-1 and Mat 1-2 isolates from all sampling sites in northern Iran, and no female fertility was detected. This is the first report of existence of Mat 1-2 allele in Magnaporthe grisea population in Iran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Hemmati
- Department of Plant Protection (Centre of Excellence), College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sajjadi H, Javadi MA, Hemmati R, Mirdeghan A, Parvin M, Nassiri N. Results of penetrating keratoplasty in CHED. Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy. Cornea 1995; 14:18-25. [PMID: 7712731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy is characterized by a diffuse bilateral corneal opacity (edema). Its inheritance has been reported to be both autosomal recessive and dominant. All our cases seemed to be autosomal recessive. There seems to be a prevalence of the recessive gene in the Iranian population. The dystrophy might be misdiagnosed as congenital glaucoma, as in several of our cases. We have operated on 37 eyes of 21 patients during the past 10 years. Our visual and anatomical success rate has been very good, with 92% clear grafts and only an 8% rejection rate, in contrast to poor prognosis that has been previously reported. In children, suture removal should be started 3 months postoperatively. Partial amblyopia was preexistent in all cases, but deep amblyopia was not common.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Sajjadi
- Kansas Eye Center/Kansas University Medical Center Kansas City 66160-7379
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|