1
|
Best S, Ding S, Kersbergen A, Reljic B, Wright G, Rathi V, Desouza D, Mcconville M, Ritchie M, Sutherland K. P62.05 Identifying Therapeutic Approaches to Treat KEAP1-Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
2
|
Best S, Hess J, Souza-Fonseca Guimaraes F, Cursons J, Kersbergen A, You Y, Ng J, Davis M, Leong T, Irving L, Ritchie M, Steinfort D, Huntington N, Sutherland K. FP10.02 Investigating the Immunophenotype of Small Cell Lung Cancer to Improve Immunotherapeutic Targeting. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
3
|
Best S, Hess J, Souza-Fonseca Guimaraes F, Kersbergen A, Hyslop S, Rautela J, Huntington N, Sutherland K. MA13.04 Harnessing Natural Killer Cells to Treat Metastatic Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
4
|
Kirk R, Ratcliffe A, Noonan G, Uosis-Martin M, Lyth D, Bardell-Cox O, Massam J, Schofield P, Hindley S, Jones DR, Maclean J, Smith A, Savage V, Mohmed S, Charrier C, Salisbury AM, Moyo E, Metzger R, Chalam-Judge N, Cheung J, Stokes NR, Best S, Craighead M, Armer R, Huxley A. Rational design, synthesis and testing of novel tricyclic topoisomerase inhibitors for the treatment of bacterial infections part 1. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:1366-1378. [PMID: 34095844 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00174k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The alarming reduction in drug effectiveness against bacterial infections has created an urgent need for the development of new antibacterial agents that circumvent bacterial resistance mechanisms. We report here a series of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV inhibitors that demonstrate potent activity against a range of Gram-positive and selected Gram-negative organisms, including clinically-relevant and drug-resistant strains. In part 1, we present a detailed structure activity relationship (SAR) analysis that led to the discovery of our previously disclosed compound, REDX05931, which has a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.06 μg mL-1 against fluoroquinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Although in vitro hERG and CYP inhibition precluded further development, it validates a rational design approach to address this urgent unmet medical need and provides a scaffold for further optimisation, which is presented in part 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Kirk
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - A Ratcliffe
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - G Noonan
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - M Uosis-Martin
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - D Lyth
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - O Bardell-Cox
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - J Massam
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - P Schofield
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - S Hindley
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - D R Jones
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - J Maclean
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - A Smith
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - V Savage
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - S Mohmed
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - C Charrier
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - A-M Salisbury
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - E Moyo
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - R Metzger
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - N Chalam-Judge
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - J Cheung
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - N R Stokes
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - S Best
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - M Craighead
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - R Armer
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| | - A Huxley
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, Alderley Park, Mereside Macclesfield SK10 4TG UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kirk R, Ratcliffe A, Noonan G, Uosis-Martin M, Lyth D, Bardell-Cox O, Massam J, Schofield P, Lyons A, Clare D, Maclean J, Smith A, Savage V, Mohmed S, Charrier C, Salisbury AM, Moyo E, Ooi N, Chalam-Judge N, Cheung J, Stokes NR, Best S, Craighead M, Armer R, Huxley A. Rational design, synthesis and testing of novel tricyclic topoisomerase inhibitors for the treatment of bacterial infections part 2. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:1379-1385. [PMID: 34095845 PMCID: PMC8126889 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00175a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Building on our previously-reported novel tricyclic topoisomerase inhibitors (NTTIs), we disclose the discovery of REDX07965, which has an MIC90 of 0.5 μg mL-1 against Staphylococcus aureus, favourable in vitro pharmacokinetic properties, selectivity versus human topoisomerase II and an acceptable toxicity profile. The results herein validate a rational design approach to address the urgent unmet medical need for novel antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Kirk
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - A Ratcliffe
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - G Noonan
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - M Uosis-Martin
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - D Lyth
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - O Bardell-Cox
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - J Massam
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - P Schofield
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - A Lyons
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - D Clare
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - J Maclean
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - A Smith
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - V Savage
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - S Mohmed
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - C Charrier
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - A-M Salisbury
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - E Moyo
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - N Ooi
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - N Chalam-Judge
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - J Cheung
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - N R Stokes
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - S Best
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - M Craighead
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - R Armer
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| | - A Huxley
- Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd Alderley Park Macclesfield SK10 4TG Cheshire UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Farcot E, Best S, Edwards R, Belgacem I, Xu X, Gill P. Chaos in a ring circuit. Chaos 2019; 29:043103. [PMID: 31042954 DOI: 10.1063/1.5079941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A ring-shaped logic circuit is proposed here as a robust design for a True Random Number Generator (TRNG). Most existing TRNGs rely on physical noise as a source of randomness, where the underlying idealized deterministic system is simply oscillatory. The design proposed here is based on chaotic dynamics and therefore intrinsically displays random behavior, even in the ideal noise-free situation. The paper presents several mathematical models for the circuit having different levels of detail. They take the form of differential equations using steep sigmoid terms for the transfer functions of logic gates. A large part of the analysis is concerned with the hard step-function limit, leading to a model known in mathematical biology as a Glass network. In this framework, an underlying discrete structure (a state space diagram) is used to describe the likely structure of the global attractor for this system. The latter takes the form of intertwined periodic paths, along which trajectories alternate unpredictably. It is also invariant under the action of the cyclic group. A combination of analytical results and numerical investigations confirms the occurrence of symmetric chaos in this system, which when implemented in (noisy) hardware, should therefore serve as a robust TRNG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Farcot
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - S Best
- Rambus Inc., Sunnyvale, California, USA
| | - R Edwards
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - I Belgacem
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - X Xu
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - P Gill
- Sunnyvale, California 94085, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Best S. MTE01.01 GEMM of Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
8
|
Best S, Long JC, Taylor N, Braithwaite J. ISQUA18-2411Implementation of Genomics: A New Frontier in Clinical Practice. Int J Qual Health Care 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzy167.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Best
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde
| | - J C Long
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde
| | - N Taylor
- Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Braithwaite
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, North Ryde
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Best S, DeSouza D, Kersbergen A, Dayalan S, Tull D, Policheni A, Gray D, Ritchie M, McConville M, Sutherland K. PO-210 Synergy between the KEAP1/NRF2 and PI3K pathways drives non-small cell lung cancer with an altered metabolism. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
10
|
Rouault-Pierre K, Mian SA, Goulard M, Abarrategi A, Di Tulio A, Smith AE, Mohamedali A, Best S, Nloga AM, Kulasekararaj AG, Ades L, Chomienne C, Fenaux P, Dosquet C, Mufti GJ, Bonnet D. Preclinical modeling of myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia 2017; 31:2702-2708. [PMID: 28663577 PMCID: PMC5729336 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) represent a heterogeneous group of hematological clonal disorders. Here, we have tested the bone marrow (BM) cells from 38 MDS patients covering all risk groups in two immunodeficient mouse models: NSG and NSG-S. Our data show comparable level of engraftment in both models. The level of engraftment was patient specific with no correlation to any specific MDS risk group. Furthermore, the co-injection of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) did not improve the level of engraftment. Finally, we have developed an in vitro two-dimensional co-culture system as an alternative tool to in vivo. Using our in vitro system, we have been able to co-culture CD34+ cells from MDS patient BM on auto- and/or allogeneic MSCs over 4 weeks with a fold expansion of up to 600 times. More importantly, these expanded cells conserved their MDS clonal architecture as well as genomic integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Rouault-Pierre
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - S A Mian
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Department of Haematological Medicine, London, UK
| | - M Goulard
- INSERM, UMRS1131–University Paris Diderot, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - A Abarrategi
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - A Di Tulio
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - A E Smith
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Department of Haematological Medicine, London, UK
- King’s College Hospital, Department of Haematology, London, UK
| | - A Mohamedali
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Department of Haematological Medicine, London, UK
| | - S Best
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Department of Haematological Medicine, London, UK
| | - A-M Nloga
- Senior Haematology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | - L Ades
- Senior Haematology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - C Chomienne
- INSERM, UMRS1131–University Paris Diderot, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
- Cell Biology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - P Fenaux
- INSERM, UMRS1131–University Paris Diderot, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
- Senior Haematology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - C Dosquet
- INSERM, UMRS1131–University Paris Diderot, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
- Cell Biology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - G J Mufti
- King’s College London School of Medicine, Department of Haematological Medicine, London, UK
- King’s College Hospital, Department of Haematology, London, UK
| | - D Bonnet
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bhamra I, Abet V, Armer R, Best S, Bingham M, Burrus L, Calcraft P, Campbell M, Galli L, Messenger K, Phillips C, Sargent L, Thompson B, Tuffnell A, Wright J. Novel Porcupine inhibitor RXC004: Potent efficacy in animal models of cancer through direct tumour targeting and immunomodulatory mechanisms. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)32898-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
12
|
Klapperich M, Wells S, Ziemlewicz T, Hinshaw J, Lubner M, Brace C, Abel E, Best S, Lee F. Percutaneous microwave ablation of 100 T1a renal cell carcinoma: short and intermediate term efficacy with emphasis on tumor complexity and mitigation of complications. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2015.12.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
13
|
Pacheco PC, Karatayli-Ozgursoy S, Best S, Hillel A, Akst L. False vocal cord botulinum toxin injection for refractory muscle tension dysphonia: Our experience with seven patients. Clin Otolaryngol 2015; 40:60-4. [PMID: 25314339 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P C Pacheco
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wilson KM, Dick S, Einsiedel L, Best S. O17.4 Development and validation of a human t-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 proviral load assay. Br J Vener Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
15
|
Mohamedali AM, Gäken J, Ahmed M, Malik F, Smith AE, Best S, Mian S, Gaymes T, Ireland R, Kulasekararaj AG, Mufti GJ. High concordance of genomic and cytogenetic aberrations between peripheral blood and bone marrow in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Leukemia 2015; 29:1928-38. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
16
|
Mufti G, Best S, Lea N, Hellstrom-Lindberg E, Silverman L, Garcia-Manero G, Azarnia N, Petrone M, Snyder B, Gohring G. 111 MUTATIONAL PROFILE AND KARYOTYPIC ABNORMALITIES OF CLINICAL TRIAL PATIENTS WITH HIGHER-RISK MDS FOLLOWING FAILURE OF HYPOMETHYLATING AGENTS (HMAS): IMPACT ON RESPONSE TO RIGOSERTIB THERAPY. Leuk Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(15)30112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
17
|
Best S, Tate T, Noble B, Smith R, Tuft J, Tracey N, McCullugh A, Eley J, Black J, Stockton M, Cheesley A, Berry L, Burton C, Dechamps A, Stevens E, Penny A, McEnhill L, McNair A, Cupid B, Maeso B, Chapman D, McIlfatrick S, Nelson A, Sivell S, Baillie J, VanGodwin J, Candy B, Beaumont N, Cowan K. RESEARCH PRIORITY SETTING IN PALLIATIVE AND END OF LIFE CARE: THE JAMES LIND ALLIANCE APPROACH CONSULTING PATIENTS, CARERS AND CLINICIANS. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000838.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
18
|
McNamara I, Howard J, Rayment A, Schalk R, Brooks R, Best S, Rushton N. Mechanical properties of morcellised bone graft with the addition of hydroxyapatite. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2014; 25:321-327. [PMID: 24390340 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-5085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mixtures of morcellised bone graft (MBG) and hydroxyapatite (HA) are frequently used in revision arthroplasty surgery. However, the changes in the mechanical properties from adding HA to MBG are unknown. This study used a uniaxial compression test to replicate impaction bone grafting and subsequent early postoperative weightbearing to investigate the effect of adding different proportion of HA to MBG. To achieve this aim, human MBG was subjected to increasing impaction forces and the apparent stiffness and creep for each stress level determined. Subsequently, increasing proportions porous and non porous HA were added to the MBG. The major findings were that the apparent stiffness for MBG increased and the associated creep decreased both with the application of increasing stress and with the addition of increasing proportions of HA. In conclusion, greater proportions of HA in the graft mixture improved the mechanical response compared with MBG impacted under the same force. This improvement replicated the properties of pure MBG under high axial stress. This study indicates that graft mixtures of MBG and HA can be tailormade for patients. The need for less impaction force in MBG:HA mixtures to obtain the same properties as pure MBG may decrease the risk of intraoperative fracture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I McNamara
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS foundation trust, Norwich, NR4 7UY, UK,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Morgan R, Best S, Connor C, Madarang J, Johnson P. E-042 Case Based Review of the Pathophysiology of Internal Carotid Artery Pseudoaneurysm Coil Migration. J Neurointerv Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2013-010870.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
20
|
Morgan R, Best S, Connor C, Johnson P, Madarang J. E-041 Is there an Interventional Role in Thyrotoxic Crisis? J Neurointerv Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2013-010870.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
21
|
Kaouk JH, Autorino R, Kim FJ, Han DH, Lee SW, Yinghao S, Cadeddu JA, Derweesh IH, Richstone L, Cindolo L, Branco A, Greco F, Allaf M, Sotelo R, Liatsikos E, Stolzenburg JU, Rane A, White WM, Han WK, Haber GP, White MA, Molina WR, Jeong BC, Lee JY, Linhui W, Best S, Stroup SP, Rais-Bahrami S, Schips L, Fornara P, Pierorazio P, Giedelman C, Lee JW, Stein RJ, Rha KH. Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery in urology: worldwide multi-institutional analysis of 1076 cases. Int Braz J Urol 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382011000500017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- JH Kaouk
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - R Autorino
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - FJ Kim
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - DH Han
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - SW Lee
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - S Yinghao
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - JA Cadeddu
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | | | | | - L Cindolo
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - A Branco
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - F Greco
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - M Allaf
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - R Sotelo
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | | | | | - A Rane
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - WM White
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - WK Han
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - GP Haber
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - MA White
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - WR Molina
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - BC Jeong
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - JY Lee
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - W Linhui
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - S Best
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - SP Stroup
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | | | - L Schips
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - P Fornara
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | | | | | - JW Lee
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - RJ Stein
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| | - KH Rha
- Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
McNamara IR, Rayment A, Brooks R, Best S, Rushton N. The effect of the addition of hydroxyapatite graft substitutes upon the hoop strain and subsequent subsidence of a femoral model during impaction bone grafting. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2011; 5:238-46. [PMID: 22100099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Impaction bone grafting using morcellised allograft can successfully restore bone stock in revision surgery. However, concerns exist regarding supply of bone and transmission of infection. Bone-graft extenders, such as tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and hydroxyapatite (HA), are used to minimise the use of donor bone. However, concerns exist around a reported increased risk of femoral fracture during impaction bone grafting with a 1:1 mixture of TCP/HA and morcellised bone graft (MBG) during impaction grafting in human cadaveric femora. Using a sawbones model, it was evaluated whether there was increased femoral cortical strain with a HA:MBG mixture during impaction grafting compared to MBG impacted at the same and a greater force. Subsequently the subsidence behaviour of the different graft mixes was compared by using a loaded femoral stem in an endurance test. It was demonstrated that the femora with the MBG:HA graft had greater cortical hoop stresses but improved subsidence behaviour compared to a graft composed of pure MBG impacted at the same force.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I R McNamara
- Orthopaedic Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB1 1QQ, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Best S, Caillaud C, Thompson M. The effect of ageing and fitness on thermoregulatory response to high-intensity exercise. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2011; 22:e29-37. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01384.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Best
- Exercise Health and Performance Research Group; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Sydney; Lidcombe; NSW; Australia
| | - C. Caillaud
- Exercise Health and Performance Research Group; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Sydney; Lidcombe; NSW; Australia
| | - M. Thompson
- Exercise Health and Performance Research Group; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Sydney; Lidcombe; NSW; Australia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kiupel M, Webster JD, Bailey KL, Best S, DeLay J, Detrisac CJ, Fitzgerald SD, Gamble D, Ginn PE, Goldschmidt MH, Hendrick MJ, Howerth EW, Janovitz EB, Langohr I, Lenz SD, Lipscomb TP, Miller MA, Misdorp W, Moroff S, Mullaney TP, Neyens I, O'Toole D, Ramos-Vara J, Scase TJ, Schulman FY, Sledge D, Smedley RC, Smith K, W Snyder P, Southorn E, Stedman NL, Steficek BA, Stromberg PC, Valli VE, Weisbrode SE, Yager J, Heller J, Miller R. Proposal of a 2-tier histologic grading system for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors to more accurately predict biological behavior. Vet Pathol 2010; 48:147-55. [PMID: 21062911 DOI: 10.1177/0300985810386469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Currently, prognostic and therapeutic determinations for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) are primarily based on histologic grade. However, the use of different grading systems by veterinary pathologists and institutional modifications make the prognostic value of histologic grading highly questionable. To evaluate the consistency of microscopic grading among veterinary pathologists and the prognostic significance of the Patnaik grading system, 95 cutaneous MCTs from 95 dogs were graded in a blinded study by 28 veterinary pathologists from 16 institutions. Concordance among veterinary pathologists was 75% for the diagnosis of grade 3 MCTs and less than 64% for the diagnosis of grade 1 and 2 MCTs. To improve concordance among pathologists and to provide better prognostic significance, a 2-tier histologic grading system was devised. The diagnosis of high-grade MCTs is based on the presence of any one of the following criteria: at least 7 mitotic figures in 10 high-power fields (hpf); at least 3 multinucleated (3 or more nuclei) cells in 10 hpf; at least 3 bizarre nuclei in 10 hpf; karyomegaly (ie, nuclear diameters of at least 10% of neoplastic cells vary by at least two-fold). Fields with the highest mitotic activity or with the highest degree of anisokaryosis were selected to assess the different parameters. According to the novel grading system, high-grade MCTs were significantly associated with shorter time to metastasis or new tumor development, and with shorter survival time. The median survival time was less than 4 months for high-grade MCTs but more than 2 years for low-grade MCTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Kiupel
- Michigan State University, Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health, 4125 Beaumont Road, Lansing, MI 48910, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zou S, Ireland D, Brooks RA, Rushton N, Best S. The effects of silicate ions on human osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2009; 90:123-30. [PMID: 19194862 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Silicon has been shown to have important effects on skeletal development and repair, and soluble silicate ions have been found to stimulate the expression of type-I collagen in osteoblast-like cell cultures. Furthermore, silicon has been incorporated into the hydroxyapatite lattice and enhanced metabolic activity of human osteosarcoma cells was observed when cells were cultured on this material. In vivo assessments have demonstrated enhanced bioactivity of silicon-substituted hydroxyapatite (Si-HA) over pure HA. However, detailed mechanisms for the stimulative effects of Si-HA have not been described. In this study, we found that silicon substitution into hydroxyapatite affects the adhesion of human osteoblast-like cells (HOBs) in culture, with 0.8 wt % silicon substitution being optimal. In addition, metabolic activity and proliferation of HOBs were increased by supplementation of the growth medium with 30 microM silicon. It was determined that this response may depend on the proportion of cells at different stages of differentiation within the cultures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Zou
- Department of Material Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Best S, Ralston A, McKenzie D, Suchowerska N. Effect of scatter material on diode detector performance forin vivodosimetry. Phys Med Biol 2007; 53:89-97. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/53/1/006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
27
|
De Carlos A, Lusquiños F, Pou J, León B, Pérez-Amor M, Driessens FCM, Hing K, Best S, Bonfield W. In vitro testing of Nd:YAG laser processed calcium phosphate coatings. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2006; 17:1153-60. [PMID: 17122931 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-006-0543-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2005] [Accepted: 02/09/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nd:YAG laser cladding is a new method for deposition of a calcium phosphate onto metallic surfaces of interest in implantology. The aim of this study was to compare the biologic response of MG-63 human osteoblast-like cells grown on Ti-6Al-4V substrates coated with a calcium phosphate layer applied using different methods: plasma spraying as reference material and Nd:YAG laser cladding as test material. Tissue culture polystyrene was used as negative control. The Nd:YAG laser clad material showed a behaviour similar to the reference material, plasma spray, respective to cell morphology (SEM observations), cell proliferation (AlamarBlue assay) and cytotoxicity of extracts (MTT assay). Proliferation, as measured by the AlamarBlue assay, showed little difference in the metabolic activity of the cells on the materials over an 18 day culture period. There were no significant differences in the cellular growth response on the test material when compared to the ones exhibited by the reference material. In the solvent extraction test all the extracts had some detrimental effect on cellular activity at 100% concentration, although cells incubated in the test material extract showed a proliferation rate similar to that of the reference material. To better understand the scope of these results it should be taken into account that the Nd:YAG clad coating has recently been developed. The fact that its in vitro performance is comparable to that produced by plasma spray, a material commercially available for more than ten years, indicates that this new laser based method could be of commercial interest in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A De Carlos
- Dpto. de Bioquímica, Genética e Inmunología, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Monga M, Weiland D, Kim J, Best S, Lee C, Hendlin K, Anderson K. UP-02.100. Urology 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.08.845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
29
|
Ercole B, Lee C, Best S, Fallon E, Skenazy J, Monga M. Minimally Invasive Therapy for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Practice Patterns in Minnesota. J Urol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(05)01028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Ercole
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - C. Lee
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - S. Best
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - E. Fallon
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - J. Skenazy
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - M. Monga
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
The biological mechanisms controlling complex quantitative traits are likely to be affected by interactions between genetic factors, sometimes referred to as epistasis. The identification of interacting loci through genetic analyse faces many challenges, and few examples of replicated findings of interaction exist for humans and model system organisms. The replication of an interaction, or the non-independence, of two quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting the developmental switch from the expression of fetal to adult haemoglobin is reported here. Fetal haemoglobin expression in adults is a highly heritable, yet complex, phenotype. Using a sample of 874 dizygotic twin pairs of European descent, we found linkage to a QTL on chromosome 8 to be conditional on the twin pairs' genotypes at a polymorphism in the beta-globin complex; an interaction originally identified in a large Asian Indian kindred. The beta-globin polymorphism has been previously shown to be associated with fetal haemoglobin levels in adults. This study reports the first known replication of a genetic interaction between QTLs influencing a complex human trait.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Garner
- Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
The OneDose Patient Dosimetry System (Sicel Technologies) is a new dosimeter based on metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor technology and designed for the in vivo measurement of patient dose during radiotherapy. In vivo dosimetry for total body irradiation (TBI) is challenging due to the extended treatment distance, low dose rates and beam spoilers. Phantom results confirm the suitability of the dosimeter for TBI in terms of inherent build-up, post-irradiation fading, accuracy, reproducibility, linearity and temperature dependence. Directional dependence is significant and should be taken into account. The OneDose dosimeters were also trialed in vivo for two TBI patients and the dose measured compared to conventional dosimeter measurements using an ionization chamber and thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD), with agreement to within 2.2% and 3.9%, respectively. Phantom and patient results confirm that the OneDose patient dosimetry system is a practical and convenient alternative to TLDs for TBI in vivo dosimetry. For increased confidence in results with this dosimeter, we recommend that two dosimeters be used for each site of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Best
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
Porter A, Patel N, Brooks R, Best S, Rushton N, Bonfield W. Effect of carbonate substitution on the ultrastructural characteristics of hydroxyapatite implants. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2005; 16:899-907. [PMID: 16167098 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-005-4424-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2004] [Accepted: 11/17/2004] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Carbonate ion substitution has been shown to be beneficial for increasing the amount of in vivo osseointegration to hydroxyapatite (HA). Nevertheless, mechanisms by which carbonate ions increase in vivo bioactivity are not fully understood. Sintered granules of HA and carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite (CHA) were implanted for 6 and 12 weeks in an ovine model. Samples containing the bone-implant interface were prepared for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and TEM was used to compare the in vivo reactivity of sintered granules of HA and CHA. The current findings demonstrated that CHA (1.2 and 2.05 wt.%) is more soluble than pure HA in vivo. More dissolution was observed from the CHA, at the bone-implant interface and within the implant, when compared to pure HA. A less crystalline phase was formed between the 2.05 wt.% CHA and bone at 12 weeks in vivo. Bone surrounding both the pure HA and 1.2 wt.% CHA was relatively disorganised at 12 weeks. In comparison, bone surrounding the 2.05 wt.% CHA was considerably more organised and in many regions collagen fibrils were present. Despite increased quality of bone surrounding 2.05 wt.% CHA, compared to 1.2 wt.% CHA, the amount of dissolution from both materials was similar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Porter
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the torsional cyclic fatigue characteristics and specifically the endurance limit (EL) of a nickel-titanium rotary instrument. METHODOLOGY Size 30.06 taper ProFile instruments were evaluated. The equipment was assembled according to the ANSI/ADA Specification No. 28. The motor was programmed to repeatedly rotate to a selected deflection angle (DA) and then return to zero (cycle). Testing started at 200 degrees and was continued at decreasing angles until 10(6) cycles were reached without instrument fracture. Ten instruments were tested at each DA. The mean log number of cycles to fracture and standard deviation were determined for each DA at which fracture occurred. The DA at which 10(6) cycles were reached without instrument fracture corresponded by definition to the EL. Analysis of variance and pairwise comparisons using Duncan's multiple range test were performed to detect significant differences among the mean log number of cycles of the different DA. Significance was determined at the 95% confidence level. RESULTS Instruments cycled at larger DA consistently demonstrated fewer cycles to fracture than those cycled at smaller DA. The differences among the mean log number of cycles of the different DA were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Cycles of 10(6) were completed without instrument fracture at 2.5 degrees. CONCLUSIONS A torsional fatigue profile was generated for a specific NiTi rotary instrument. The EL was 2.5 degrees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Best
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Carson AJ, Best S, Postma K, Stone J, Warlow C, Sharpe M. The outcome of neurology outpatients with medically unexplained symptoms: a prospective cohort study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2003; 74:897-900. [PMID: 12810775 PMCID: PMC1738573 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.74.7.897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a previous cross sectional study of 300 consecutive new attenders at neurology outpatient clinics, 90 were detected with symptoms that were rated as "not at all" or only "somewhat" explained by organic disease. OBJECTIVE To report a follow up study of this cohort. METHODS Patients were reinterviewed by telephone eight months after their initial assessment. They were asked to rate their overall improvement on a clinical global improvement scale, and their health status on the medical outcome short form 36 item scale (SF-36). The PRIME MD interview was administered to determine psychiatric diagnoses. Neurological and primary care records were reviewed for any changes in diagnostic opinion during the follow up period. RESULTS Of the 90 eligible patients, 66 (73%) participated in follow up. Among these, five (8%) rated themselves as "much worse," four (6%) as "somewhat worse," 27 (40%) as "just the same," 15 (23%) as "somewhat better," and 15 (23%) as "much better." There were no cases in which an organic cause for the presenting complaint was uncovered during the follow up period. Poorer physical function at baseline was the only predictor of poorer outcome at follow up. CONCLUSIONS Over half the patients who presented to neurologists with symptoms that were rated as largely or completely medically unexplained had not improved eight months later. In no case was a disease explanation for the original presenting symptoms subsequently identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Carson
- Robert Fergusson Unit, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lusquiños F, De Carlos A, Pou J, Arias JL, Boutinguiza M, León B, Pérez-Amor M, Driessens FCM, Hing K, Gibson I, Best S, Bonfield W. Calcium phosphate coatings obtained by Nd:YAG laser cladding: physicochemical and biologic properties. J Biomed Mater Res A 2003; 64:630-7. [PMID: 12601774 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.10440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The plasma spray (PS) technique is the most popular method commercially in use to produce calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings to promote fixation and osteointegration of the cementless prosthesis. Nevertheless, PS has some disadvantages, such as the poor coating-to-substrate adhesion, low mechanical strength, and brittleness of the coating. In order to overcome the drawbacks of plasma spraying, we introduce in this work a new method to apply a CaP coating on a Ti alloy using a well-known technique in the metallurgical field: laser surface cladding. The physicochemical characterization of the coatings has been carried out by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The biologic properties of the coatings have been assessed in vitro with human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells. The overall results of this study affirm that the Nd:YAG laser cladding technique is a promising method in the biomedical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Lusquiños
- Dpto. Física Aplicada, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kinne G, Elsässer D, Best S, Jost S, Zschache R. [Regional networking of medical and vocational rehabilitation-- the bad Krozingen model]. Rehabilitation (Stuttg) 2002; 41:336-42. [PMID: 12375215 DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-34567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Regional networking facilitates flexible and individual integration of vocational programmes in medical rehabilitation. We present a pilot project of Theresienklinik II in cooperation with the Education centre for occupation and health (Bildungszentrum Beruf und Gesundheit) in Bad Krozingen. Orthopaedic and cardiac patients who are in danger to lose their capacity to work, participate in an integrated vocational reorientation programme during extended medical rehabilitation. The aim of the pilot project is an early assessment of motivation, work hardening, aptitude and interest, in order to accelerate vocational retraining and reintegration. Within one year 30 patients participated in the programme. Presented are the contents and course of the pilot project. First results show a high patient satisfaction with the programme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Kinne
- Bildungszentrum Beruf und Gesundheit, Bad Krozingen, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Heat treatments are used when sintering hydroxyapatite to make porous blocks and granules and during plasma spraying of coatings. Calcium : phosphorus ratio is known to affect the thermal decomposition behavior of hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyapatite with carbonate ions substituted for phosphate ions is more similar in composition to bone mineral. While it has been shown that carbonate apatite may be sintered, relatively little is known about its high temperature stability. Various atmospheres have been used in investigations into the thermal stability of hydroxyapatites and carbonate hydroxyapatites, including nitrogen, wet carbon dioxide air, water vapor and wet oxygen, but few of these studies were directly comparable. Previous work has shown that loss of carbonate from CHA at high temperature is time dependent, which suggests that rapid high temperature treatment may prevent carbonate loss during processing. This study investigated the effect of dry carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide containing 3% water, nitrogen and nitrogen containing 3% water on the phase composition of hydroxyapatite containing between 1.0 and 11.5 wt % carbonate rapidly heated to temperatures of between 700 and 1400 degrees C. Carbonate ion substitution was observed to decrease the temperature at which crystallisation occurred to a minimum of 700 degrees C for 11.8 wt % carbonate apatite heated in wet atmospheres. Atmosphere was found to appreciably affect the crystallization temperature and phase transformations of carbonate apatite containing 7.8 wt % carbonate. In wet and dry carbon dioxide atmospheres, crystallisation began in this material at 1100 and 900 degrees C, betaTCP was formed at 1500 and 1300 degrees C respectively. The high temperature decomposition of carbonate hydroxyapatite would appear to depend on the composition of the apatite and the atmosphere in which it is heated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Barralet
- Biomaterials Unit, Dental School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B4 6NN, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Dai S, Best S, St John M. Bartonella henselae neuroretinitis in cat scratch disease. N Z Med J 2001; 114:360-1. [PMID: 11587306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Auckland Public Hospital.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
García F, Arias JL, Mayor B, Pou J, Rehman I, Knowles J, Best S, León B, Pérez-Amor M, Bonfield W. Effect of heat treatment on pulsed laser deposited amorphous calcium phosphate coatings. J Biomed Mater Res 2000; 43:69-76. [PMID: 9509346 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199821)43:1<69::aid-jbm8>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous calcium phosphate coatings were produced by pulsed laser deposition from targets of nonstoichiometric hydroxyapatite (Ca/P = 1.70) at a low substrate temperature of 300 degrees C. They were heated in air at different temperatures: 300, 450, 525 and 650 degrees C. Chemical and structural analyses of these coatings were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR, and SEM, XRD analysis of the as-deposited and heated coatings revealed that their crystallinity improved as heat treatment temperature increased. The main phase was apatitic, with some beta-tricalcium phosphate in the coatings heated at 525 and 600 degrees C. In the apatitic phase there was some carbonate substitution for phosphate and hydroxyl ions at 450 degrees C and almost solely for phosphate at 525 and 600 degrees C as identified by FTIR. This was accompanied by a higher hydroxyl content at 525 and 600 degrees C. At 450 degrees C a texture on the coating surface was observable by SEM that was attributable to a calcium hydroxide and calcite formation by XRD. These phases almost disappeared at 600 degrees C, probably due to a transformation into calcium oxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F García
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidade de Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Affiliation(s)
- A J Carson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh EH10 5HF.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Game L, Close J, Stephens P, Mitchell J, Best S, Rochette J, Louis-dit-Sully C, Riley J, See CG, Sanseau P, Kearney L, Bethel G, Humphray S, Dunham I, Mungall A, Thein SL. An integrated map of human 6q22.3-q24 including a 3-Mb high-resolution BAC/PAC contig encompassing a QTL for fetal hemoglobin. Genomics 2000; 64:264-76. [PMID: 10756094 DOI: 10.1006/geno.2000.6133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Genetic studies have previously assigned a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for hemoglobin F and F cells to a region of approximately 4 Mb between the markers D6S408 and D6S292 on chromosome 6q23. An initial yeast artificial chromosome contig of 13 clones spanning this region was generated. Further linkage analysis of an extended kindred refined the candidate interval to 1-2 cM, and key recombination events now place the QTL within a region of <800 kb. We describe a high-resolution bacterial clone contig spanning 3 Mb covering this critical region. The map consists of 223 bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) and 100 P1 artificial chromosome (PAC) clones ordered by sequence-tagged site (STS) content and restriction fragment fingerprinting with a minimum tiling path of 22 BACs and 1 PAC. A total of 194 STSs map to this interval of 3 Mb, giving an average marker resolution of approximately one per 15 kb. About half of the markers were novel and were isolated in the present study, including three CA repeats and 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Altogether 24 expressed sequence tags, 6 of which are unique genes, have been mapped to the contig.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Game
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington, OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Affiliation(s)
- B Adinoff
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Leyden J, Dunlap F, Miller B, Winters P, Lebwohl M, Hecker D, Kraus S, Baldwin H, Shalita A, Draelos Z, Markou M, Thiboutot D, Rapaport M, Kang S, Kelly T, Pariser D, Webster G, Hordinsky M, Rietschel R, Katz HI, Terranella L, Best S, Round E, Waldstreicher J. Finasteride in the treatment of men with frontal male pattern hair loss. J Am Acad Dermatol 1999; 40:930-7. [PMID: 10365924 DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(99)70081-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Finasteride, a specific inhibitor of type II 5alpha-reductase, decreases serum and scalp dihydrotestosterone and has been shown to be effective in men with vertex male pattern hair loss. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the efficacy of finasteride 1 mg/day in men with frontal (anterior/mid) scalp hair thinning. METHODS This was a 1-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled study followed by a 1-year open extension. Efficacy was assessed by hair counts (1 cm2 circular area), patient and investigator assessments, and global photographic review. RESULTS There was a significant increase in hair count in the frontal scalp of finasteride-treated patients (P < .001), as well as significant improvements in patient, investigator, and global photographic assessments. Efficacy was maintained or improved throughout the second year of the study. Finasteride was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSION In men with hair loss in the anterior/mid area of the scalp, finasteride 1 mg/day slowed hair loss and increased hair growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Leyden
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cox RD, Hugill A, Shedlovsky A, Noveroske JK, Best S, Justice MJ, Lehrach H, Dove WF. Contrasting effects of ENU induced embryonic lethal mutations of the quaking gene. Genomics 1999; 57:333-41. [PMID: 10328999 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1999.5804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple alleles of the quaking (qk) gene have a variety of phenotypes ranging in severity from early embryonic death to viable dysmyelination. A previous study identified a candidate gene, QKI, that contains an RNA-binding domain and encodes at least three protein isoforms (QKI-5, -6 and -7). We have determined the genomic structure of QKI, identifying an additional alternative end in cDNAs. Further we have examined the exons and splice sites for mutations in the lethal alleles qkl-1, qkkt1, qkk2, and qkkt3. The mutation in qkl-1 creates a splice site in the terminal exon of the QKI-6 isoform. Missense mutations in the KH domain and the QUA1 domains in qkk2 and qkkt3, respectively, indicate that these domains are of critical functional importance. Although homozygotes for each ENU induced allele die as embryos, their phenotypes as viable compound heterozygotes with qkv differ. Compound heterozygous qkv animals carrying qkkt1, qkk2, and qkkt3 all exhibit a permanent quaking phenotype similar to that of qkv/qkv animals, whereas qkv/qkl-1 animals exhibit only a transient quaking phenotype. The qkl-1 mutation eliminates the QKI-5 isoform, showing that this isoform plays a crucial role in embryonic survival. The transient quaking phenotype observed in qkv/qkl-1 mice indicates that the QKI-6 and QKI-7 isoforms function primarily during myelination, but that QKI-5 may have a concentration-dependent role in early myelination. This mutational analysis demonstrates the power of series of alleles to examine the function of complex loci and suggests that additional mutant alleles of quaking could reveal additional functions of this complex gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R D Cox
- Oxford University, Windmill Road, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
The setting reactions of calcium phosphate cements in the CaHPO4-alpha-Ca3(PO4)2 (DCP-alpha-TCP) system have been investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed on DCP-alpha-TCP cement samples of varying calcium to phosphorus (Ca/P) ratios after setting for 24 h in Ringer's solution at 37 degrees C. XRD measurements showed that the intensity of the DCP peaks decreased linearly as the Ca/P ratio of the mixture increased. However, the intensity of the peaks of a new calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite [CDHA; Ca9(HPO4)(PO4)5OH] precipitating phase increased linearly as the Ca/P ratio increased. Alpha-TCP was not detected after 24 h of setting in any sample. A two-phase mixture XRD model was applied to explain the results, and suitable fits were obtained between observed and expected values of the relevant peak heights. The method used for this study also can be applied to studies of the kinetic behavior of other cement systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Fernández
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Barralet J, Best S, Bonfield W. Carbonate substitution in precipitated hydroxyapatite: an investigation into the effects of reaction temperature and bicarbonate ion concentration. J Biomed Mater Res 1998; 41:79-86. [PMID: 9641627 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199807)41:1<79::aid-jbm10>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Carbonate substitution in the apatite crystal lattice can occur in either the hydroxyl or the phosphate sites, designated as A or B type, respectively, and previous investigations generally have described precipitated carbonate hydroxyapatite as being B type on the basis of infra red and X-ray data. This paper documents the effects of two precipitation variables, namely temperature and bicarbonate ion concentration, on the morphology, phase composition, and calcium, phosphorus, and carbon contents of precipitated carbonate hydroxyapatite. Variations in both temperature and bicarbonate concentration could yield either acicular or spheroidal crystals. X-ray diffraction and infra red spectroscopy indicated the presence of carbonate in the A site for low carbonate contents (< 4 wt%), and at higher carbonate contents (> 4 wt%), the carbonate was located predominantly in the B site. On the basis of these observations and chemical analyses, a new AB carbonate substitution mechanism is proposed that better describes the experimental data than the B-type models used previously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Barralet
- Smith and Nephew Group Research Centre, York Science Park, Heslington, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
The current AIDS epidemic has rekindled interest in the evolution of retroviruses and the development of resistance to infection. Retroviruses and their vertebrate hosts have coexisted for millions of years, during which time a variety of host defence mechanisms has evolved. One repeated strategy is to use endogenous retroviruses to combat infection by their exogenous relatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Best
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sandler I, Teeger M, Best S. Metastatic vaccine associated fibrosarcoma in a 10-year-old cat. Can Vet J 1997; 38:374. [PMID: 9187803 PMCID: PMC1576880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Sandler
- Secord Animal Hospital, Toronto, Ontario
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Best S, Sim B, Kayser M, Downes S. The dependence of osteoblastic response on variations in the chemical composition and physical properties of hydroxyapatite. J Mater Sci Mater Med 1997; 8:97-103. [PMID: 15348777 DOI: 10.1023/a:1018558816871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Two synthetic hydroxyapatite powders (A and B), supplied by different manufacturers, were physically and chemically characterized before being die pressed and sintered at 1250 degrees C. The powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IRS), X-ray fluorescence, surface area analysis (BET), particle size analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The materials were then pressed and sintered to produce hydroxyapatite discs of similar densities and grain sizes for in vitro evaluation. The ceramics were seeded with osteoblastic cells and after 15 days in culture the cell morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the ultrastructure of the cells was studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with EDAX, and the rate of cell growth was assessed using biochemical techniques. The results clearly showed that the rate of cell proliferation but not the rate of alkaline phosphatase production, was highly dependent on the composition of the hydroxyapatite powders that were used to make the ceramic discs. The ultrastructural studies confirmed the relative viabilities of the cells and the nature of the ceramic interface indicating visually the marked differences in the performance of the two materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Best
- IRC in Biomedical Materials, Queen Mary and Westfield College, Mile End Road London, E1 4NS England
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|