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El-Maarry MR, Groussin O, Thomas N, Pajola M, Auger AT, Davidsson B, Hu X, Hviid SF, Knollenberg J, Güttler C, Tubiana C, Fornasier S, Feller C, Hasselmann P, Vincent JB, Sierks H, Barbieri C, Lamy P, Rodrigo R, Koschny D, Keller HU, Rickman H, A’Hearn MF, Barucci MA, Bertaux JL, Bertini I, Besse S, Bodewits D, Cremonese G, Da Deppo V, Debei S, De Cecco M, Deller J, Deshapriya JDP, Fulle M, Gutierrez PJ, Hofmann M, Ip WH, Jorda L, Kovacs G, Kramm JR, Kührt E, Küppers M, Lara LM, Lazzarin M, Lin ZY, Lopez Moreno JJ, Marchi S, Marzari F, Mottola S, Naletto G, Oklay N, Pommerol A, Preusker F, Scholten F, Shi X. Surface changes on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko suggest a more active past. Science 2017; 355:1392-1395. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aak9384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ramy El-Maarry
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80301, USA
| | - O. Groussin
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, France
| | - N. Thomas
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - M. Pajola
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | - A.-T. Auger
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, France
| | - B. Davidsson
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - X. Hu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - S. F. Hviid
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Planetenforschung, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Knollenberg
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Planetenforschung, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - C. Güttler
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - C. Tubiana
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - S. Fornasier
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UPMC Université Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Meudon Principal Cedex 92195, France
| | - C. Feller
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UPMC Université Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Meudon Principal Cedex 92195, France
| | - P. Hasselmann
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UPMC Université Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Meudon Principal Cedex 92195, France
| | - J.-B. Vincent
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Planetenforschung, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - H. Sierks
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - C. Barbieri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - P. Lamy
- Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, UMR 7326 CNRS & Université Aix-Marseille, 13388 Marseille Cedex 13, France
| | - R. Rodrigo
- Centro de Astrobiología, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
- International Space Science Institute, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - D. Koschny
- Operations Department, European Space Astronomy Centre/ESA, P.O. Box 78, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - H. U. Keller
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Planetenforschung, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - H. Rickman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Space Research Center, 00716 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. F. A’Hearn
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - M. A. Barucci
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UPMC Université Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Meudon Principal Cedex 92195, France
| | - J.-L. Bertaux
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), CNRS–Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines–Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, 78280 Guyancourt, France
| | - I. Bertini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - S. Besse
- Operations Department, European Space Astronomy Centre/ESA, P.O. Box 78, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Bodewits
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - G. Cremonese
- Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - V. Da Deppo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche–Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Unità Organizzativa di Supporto, Padova Luxor, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S. Debei
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | | | - J. Deller
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - J. D. P. Deshapriya
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UPMC Université Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Meudon Principal Cedex 92195, France
| | - M. Fulle
- INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, 34014 Trieste, Italy
| | - P. J. Gutierrez
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), c/ Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - M. Hofmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - W.-H. Ip
- Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, Chung-Li 32054, Taiwan
| | - L. Jorda
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, France
| | - G. Kovacs
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - J.-R. Kramm
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - E. Kührt
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Planetenforschung, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Küppers
- Operations Department, European Space Astronomy Centre/ESA, P.O. Box 78, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - L. M. Lara
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), c/ Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - M. Lazzarin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Z.-Yi Lin
- Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, Chung-Li 32054, Taiwan
| | - J. J. Lopez Moreno
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), c/ Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - S. Marchi
- Solar System Exploration Research, Virtual Institute, Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - F. Marzari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - S. Mottola
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Planetenforschung, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - G. Naletto
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche–Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Unità Organizzativa di Supporto, Padova Luxor, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Centro di Ateneo di Studi ed Attivitá Spaziali “Giuseppe Colombo” (CISAS), University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - N. Oklay
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Planetenforschung, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. Pommerol
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - F. Preusker
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Planetenforschung, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - F. Scholten
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut für Planetenforschung, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - X. Shi
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Fornasier S, Mottola S, Keller HU, Barucci MA, Davidsson B, Feller C, Deshapriya JDP, Sierks H, Barbieri C, Lamy PL, Rodrigo R, Koschny D, Rickman H, A’Hearn M, Agarwal J, Bertaux JL, Bertini I, Besse S, Cremonese G, Da Deppo V, Debei S, De Cecco M, Deller J, El-Maarry MR, Fulle M, Groussin O, Gutierrez PJ, Güttler C, Hofmann M, Hviid SF, Ip WH, Jorda L, Knollenberg J, Kovacs G, Kramm R, Kührt E, Küppers M, Lara ML, Lazzarin M, Moreno JJL, Marzari F, Massironi M, Naletto G, Oklay N, Pajola M, Pommerol A, Preusker F, Scholten F, Shi X, Thomas N, Toth I, Tubiana C, Vincent JB. Rosetta’s comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko sheds its dusty mantle to reveal its icy nature. Science 2016; 354:1566-1570. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aag2671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Sierks H, Lamy P, Barbieri C, Koschny D, Rickman H, Rodrigo R, A'Hearn MF, Angrilli F, Barucci MA, Bertaux JL, Bertini I, Besse S, Carry B, Cremonese G, Da Deppo V, Davidsson B, Debei S, De Cecco M, De Leon J, Ferri F, Fornasier S, Fulle M, Hviid SF, Gaskell RW, Groussin O, Gutierrez P, Ip W, Jorda L, Kaasalainen M, Keller HU, Knollenberg J, Kramm R, Kührt E, Küppers M, Lara L, Lazzarin M, Leyrat C, Lopez Moreno JJ, Magrin S, Marchi S, Marzari F, Massironi M, Michalik H, Moissl R, Naletto G, Preusker F, Sabau L, Sabolo W, Scholten F, Snodgrass C, Thomas N, Tubiana C, Vernazza P, Vincent JB, Wenzel KP, Andert T, Pätzold M, Weiss BP. Images of asteroid 21 Lutetia: a remnant planetesimal from the early Solar System. Science 2011; 334:487-90. [PMID: 22034428 DOI: 10.1126/science.1207325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Images obtained by the Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System (OSIRIS) cameras onboard the Rosetta spacecraft reveal that asteroid 21 Lutetia has a complex geology and one of the highest asteroid densities measured so far, 3.4 ± 0.3 grams per cubic centimeter. The north pole region is covered by a thick layer of regolith, which is seen to flow in major landslides associated with albedo variation. Its geologically complex surface, ancient surface age, and high density suggest that Lutetia is most likely a primordial planetesimal. This contrasts with smaller asteroids visited by previous spacecraft, which are probably shattered bodies, fragments of larger parents, or reaccumulated rubble piles.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sierks
- Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 2, 37191 Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany.
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Goetz W, Pike WT, Hviid SF, Madsen MB, Morris RV, Hecht MH, Staufer U, Leer K, Sykulska H, Hemmig E, Marshall J, Morookian JM, Parrat D, Vijendran S, Bos BJ, El Maarry MR, Keller HU, Kramm R, Markiewicz WJ, Drube L, Blaney D, Arvidson RE, Bell JF, Reynolds R, Smith PH, Woida P, Woida R, Tanner R. Microscopy analysis of soils at the Phoenix landing site, Mars: Classification of soil particles and description of their optical and magnetic properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009je003437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Holstein-Rathlou C, Gunnlaugsson HP, Merrison JP, Bean KM, Cantor BA, Davis JA, Davy R, Drake NB, Ellehoj MD, Goetz W, Hviid SF, Lange CF, Larsen SE, Lemmon MT, Madsen MB, Malin M, Moores JE, Nørnberg P, Smith P, Tamppari LK, Taylor PA. Winds at the Phoenix landing site. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009je003411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Keller HU, Barbieri C, Koschny D, Lamy P, Rickman H, Rodrigo R, Sierks H, A’Hearn MF, Angrilli F, Barucci MA, Bertaux JL, Cremonese G, Da Deppo V, Davidsson B, De Cecco M, Debei S, Fornasier S, Fulle M, Groussin O, Gutierrez PJ, Hviid SF, Ip WH, Jorda L, Knollenberg J, Kramm JR, Kührt E, Küppers M, Lara LM, Lazzarin M, Moreno JL, Marzari F, Michalik H, Naletto G, Sabau L, Thomas N, Wenzel KP, Bertini I, Besse S, Ferri F, Kaasalainen M, Lowry S, Marchi S, Mottola S, Sabolo W, Schröder SE, Spjuth S, Vernazza P. E-Type Asteroid (2867) Steins as Imaged by OSIRIS on Board Rosetta. Science 2010; 327:190-3. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1179559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. U. Keller
- Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
| | | | - D. Koschny
- European Space and Technology Centre, Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - P. Lamy
- Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Université de Provence, Marseille, France
| | - H. Rickman
- Institute för Astronomi och Rymdfysik, Uppsala, Sweden
- Polish Academy of Sciences Space Research Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R. Rodrigo
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - H. Sierks
- Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
| | | | | | | | - J.-L. Bertaux
- Services d’Aéronomie de CNRS, Verrières le Buisson, France
| | | | - V. Da Deppo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche-Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, Luxor, Padova, Italy
| | - B. Davidsson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - S. Debei
- University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - M. Fulle
- International School for Advanced Studies, Trieste, Italy
| | - O. Groussin
- Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Université de Provence, Marseille, France
| | - P. J. Gutierrez
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - S. F. Hviid
- Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
| | - W.-H. Ip
- National Central University, Jhongli City, Taiwan
| | - L. Jorda
- Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Université de Provence, Marseille, France
| | | | - J. R. Kramm
- Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
| | - E. Kührt
- German Aerospace Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Küppers
- European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), Madrid, Spain
| | - L.-M. Lara
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | | | - J. Lopez Moreno
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | | | - H. Michalik
- Institute of Computer and Network Engineering, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - L. Sabau
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aérospacial, Torrejon de Ardoz, Spain
| | - N. Thomas
- Physikalisches Institut der Universität Bern, Switzerland
| | - K.-P. Wenzel
- European Space and Technology Centre, Noordwijk, Netherlands
| | - I. Bertini
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - S. Besse
- Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Université de Provence, Marseille, France
| | - F. Ferri
- University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - S. Lowry
- University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | | | - S. Mottola
- German Aerospace Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - W. Sabolo
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - S. E. Schröder
- Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
| | - S. Spjuth
- Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany
| | - P. Vernazza
- European Space and Technology Centre, Noordwijk, Netherlands
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Smith PH, Tamppari LK, Arvidson RE, Bass D, Blaney D, Boynton WV, Carswell A, Catling DC, Clark BC, Duck T, Dejong E, Fisher D, Goetz W, Gunnlaugsson HP, Hecht MH, Hipkin V, Hoffman J, Hviid SF, Keller HU, Kounaves SP, Lange CF, Lemmon MT, Madsen MB, Markiewicz WJ, Marshall J, McKay CP, Mellon MT, Ming DW, Morris RV, Pike WT, Renno N, Staufer U, Stoker C, Taylor P, Whiteway JA, Zent AP. H2O at the Phoenix landing site. Science 2009; 325:58-61. [PMID: 19574383 DOI: 10.1126/science.1172339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Phoenix mission investigated patterned ground and weather in the northern arctic region of Mars for 5 months starting 25 May 2008 (solar longitude between 76.5 degrees and 148 degrees ). A shallow ice table was uncovered by the robotic arm in the center and edge of a nearby polygon at depths of 5 to 18 centimeters. In late summer, snowfall and frost blanketed the surface at night; H(2)O ice and vapor constantly interacted with the soil. The soil was alkaline (pH = 7.7) and contained CaCO(3), aqueous minerals, and salts up to several weight percent in the indurated surface soil. Their formation likely required the presence of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Smith
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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Moissl R, Khatuntsev I, Limaye SS, Titov DV, Markiewicz WJ, Ignatiev NI, Roatsch T, Matz KD, Jaumann R, Almeida M, Portyankina G, Behnke T, Hviid SF. Venus cloud top winds from tracking UV features in Venus Monitoring Camera images. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008je003117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Herkenhoff KE, Squyres SW, Arvidson R, Bass DS, Bell JF, Bertelsen P, Ehlmann BL, Farrand W, Gaddis L, Greeley R, Grotzinger J, Hayes AG, Hviid SF, Johnson JR, Jolliff B, Kinch KM, Knoll AH, Madsen MB, Maki JN, McLennan SM, McSween HY, Ming DW, Rice JW, Richter L, Sims M, Smith PH, Soderblom LA, Spanovich N, Sullivan R, Thompson S, Wdowiak T, Weitz C, Whelley P. Evidence from Opportunity's Microscopic Imager for water on Meridiani Planum. Science 2004; 306:1727-30. [PMID: 15576607 DOI: 10.1126/science.1105286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Microscopic Imager on the Opportunity rover analyzed textures of soils and rocks at Meridiani Planum at a scale of 31 micrometers per pixel. The uppermost millimeter of some soils is weakly cemented, whereas other soils show little evidence of cohesion. Rock outcrops are laminated on a millimeter scale; image mosaics of cross-stratification suggest that some sediments were deposited by flowing water. Vugs in some outcrop faces are probably molds formed by dissolution of relatively soluble minerals during diagenesis. Microscopic images support the hypothesis that hematite-rich spherules observed in outcrops and soils also formed diagenetically as concretions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Herkenhoff
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA.
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10
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Herkenhoff KE, Squyres SW, Arvidson R, Bass DS, Bell JF, Bertelsen P, Cabrol NA, Gaddis L, Hayes AG, Hviid SF, Johnson JR, Kinch KM, Madsen MB, Maki JN, McLennan SM, McSween HY, Rice JW, Sims M, Smith PH, Soderblom LA, Spanovich N, Sullivan R, Wang A. Textures of the Soils and Rocks at Gusev Crater from Spirit's Microscopic Imager. Science 2004. [DOI: 10.1126/science.3050824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. E. Herkenhoff
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S. W. Squyres
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R. Arvidson
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D. S. Bass
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J. F. Bell
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P. Bertelsen
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - N. A. Cabrol
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L. Gaddis
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A. G. Hayes
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S. F. Hviid
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J. R. Johnson
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K. M. Kinch
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. B. Madsen
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J. N. Maki
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S. M. McLennan
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H. Y. McSween
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J. W. Rice
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. Sims
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P. H. Smith
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L. A. Soderblom
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - N. Spanovich
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R. Sullivan
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A. Wang
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Space Sciences Building, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Herkenhoff KE, Squyres SW, Arvidson R, Bass DS, Bell JF, Bertelsen P, Cabrol NA, Gaddis L, Hayes AG, Hviid SF, Johnson JR, Kinch KM, Madsen MB, Maki JN, McLennan SM, McSween HY, Rice JW, Sims M, Smith PH, Soderblom LA, Spanovich N, Sullivan R, Wang A. Textures of the soils and rocks at Gusev Crater from Spirit's Microscopic Imager. Science 2004; 305:824-6. [PMID: 15297663 DOI: 10.1126/science.1100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Microscopic Imager on the Spirit rover analyzed the textures of the soil and rocks at Gusev crater on Mars at a resolution of 100 micrometers. Weakly bound agglomerates of dust are present in the soil near the Columbia Memorial Station. Some of the brushed or abraded rock surfaces show igneous textures and evidence for alteration rinds, coatings, and veins consistent with secondary mineralization. The rock textures are consistent with a volcanic origin and subsequent alteration and/or weathering by impact events, wind, and possibly water.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Herkenhoff
- U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Team, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA.
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12
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Bertelsen P, Goetz W, Madsen MB, Kinch KM, Hviid SF, Knudsen JM, Gunnlaugsson HP, Merrison J, Nørnberg P, Squyres SW, Bell JF, Herkenhoff KE, Gorevan S, Yen AS, Myrick T, Klingelhöfer G, Rieder R, Gellert R. Magnetic Properties Experiments on the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit at Gusev Crater. Science 2004; 305:827-9. [PMID: 15297664 DOI: 10.1126/science.1100112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The magnetic properties experiments are designed to help identify the magnetic minerals in the dust and rocks on Mars-and to determine whether liquid water was involved in the formation and alteration of these magnetic minerals. Almost all of the dust particles suspended in the martian atmosphere must contain ferrimagnetic minerals (such as maghemite or magnetite) in an amount of approximately 2% by weight. The most magnetic fraction of the dust appears darker than the average dust. Magnetite was detected in the first two rocks ground by Spirit.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bertelsen
- Center for Planetary Science, Danish Space Research Institute and Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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13
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Hargraves RB, Knudsen JM, Bertelsen P, Goetz W, Gunnlaugsson HP, Hviid SF, Madsen MB, Olsen M. Magnetic enhancement on the surface of Mars? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999je001032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Golombek MP, Anderson RC, Barnes JR, Bell JF, Bridges NT, Britt DT, Brückner J, Cook RA, Crisp D, Crisp JA, Economou T, Folkner WM, Greeley R, Haberle RM, Hargraves RB, Harris JA, Haldemann AFC, Herkenhoff KE, Hviid SF, Jaumann R, Johnson JR, Kallemeyn PH, Keller HU, Kirk RL, Knudsen JM, Larsen S, Lemmon MT, Madsen MB, Magalhães JA, Maki JN, Malin MC, Manning RM, Matijevic J, McSween HY, Moore HJ, Murchie SL, Murphy JR, Parker TJ, Rieder R, Rivellini TP, Schofield JT, Seiff A, Singer RB, Smith PH, Soderblom LA, Spencer DA, Stoker CR, Sullivan R, Thomas N, Thurman SW, Tomasko MG, Vaughan RM, Wänke H, Ward AW, Wilson GR. Overview of the Mars Pathfinder Mission: Launch through landing, surface operations, data sets, and science results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/98je02554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Madsen MB, Hviid SF, Gunnlaugsson HP, Knudsen JM, Goetz W, Pedersen CT, Dinesen AR, Mogensen CT, Olsen M, Hargraves RB. The magnetic properties experiments on Mars Pathfinder. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998je900006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Hviid SF, Madsen MB, Gunnlaugsson HP, Goetz W, Knudsen JM, Hargraves RB, Smith P, Britt D, Dinesen AR, Mogensen CT, Olsen M, Pedersen CT, Vistisen L. Magnetic properties experiments on the Mars Pathfinder lander: preliminary results. Science 1997; 278:1768-70. [PMID: 9388172 DOI: 10.1126/science.278.5344.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Many of the particles currently suspended in the martian atmosphere are magnetic, with an average saturation magnetization of about 4 A. m2/kg (amperes times square meters per kilogram). The particles appear to consist of claylike aggregates stained or cemented with ferric oxide (Fe2O3); at least some of the stain and cement is probably maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3). The presence of the gamma phase would imply that Fe2+ ions leached from the bedrock, passing through a state as free Fe2+ ions dissolved in liquid water. These particles could be a freeze-dried precipitate from ground water poured out on the surface. An alternative is that the magnetic particles are titanomagnetite occurring in palagonite and inherited directly from a basaltic precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Hviid
- Oersted Laboratory, Niels Bohr Institute for Astronomy, Physics, and Geophysics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Smith PH, Tomasko MG, Britt D, Crowe DG, Reid R, Keller HU, Thomas N, Gliem F, Rueffer P, Sullivan R, Greeley R, Knudsen JM, Madsen MB, Gunnlaugsson HP, Hviid SF, Goetz W, Soderblom LA, Gaddis L, Kirk R. The imager for Mars Pathfinder experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96je03568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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