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Shohdy K, Pillai M, Abbas K, Allison J, Waddell T, Darlington E, Mohammad S, Hood S, Atkinson S, Simpson K, Morgan D, Nathan P, Kilgour E, Dive C, Thistlethwaite F. Immune biomarker evaluation of sequential tyrosine kinase inhibitor and nivolumab monotherapies in renal cell carcinoma: the phase I TRIBE trial. Immunooncol Technol 2024; 22:100712. [PMID: 38694705 PMCID: PMC11059457 DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2024.100712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint blockade in the second-line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) are lacking. Materials and methods Patients with histologically confirmed RCC who started nivolumab after at least 4 months of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) were recruited for this study. Serial tissue and blood samples were collected for immune biomarker evaluation. The primary endpoint was to determine the association of specific T-cell subsets with clinical outcomes tested using Wilcoxon rank sum for clinical benefit rate (CBR) and log-rank test for progression-free survival (PFS). Results Twenty patients were included in this trial with a median age of 64 years and followed-up for a median of 12 months. The median PFS for patients who received TKI was 13.8 months, while for those subsequently treated with nivolumab following TKI therapy, the median PFS was 2.6 months. CBR of nivolumab was 20% with two partial responses. Functionally active programmed cell death protein 1+ CD4+ T cells were enriched in non-responders (q = 0.003) and associated with worse PFS on nivolumab (P = 0.04). Responders showed a significant reduction in the effector CD4+T-cell (TEF) fraction compared to non-responders at 3 months on nivolumab (0.40 versus 0.80, P = 0.0005). CD127+CD4+ T cells were enriched in patients who developed immune-related adverse effects (q = 0.003). Using in-house validated multiplex immunohistochemistry for six markers, we measured tumour-associated immune cell densities in tissue samples. Responders to nivolumab showed a significantly higher mean of immune cell densities in tissue samples compared to non-responders (346 versus 87 cells/mm2, P = 0.04). Conclusions In this small study, analysis of tissue-based and peripheral blood immune cell subsets predicted clinical outcomes of nivolumab. Further studies are warranted with larger populations to validate these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.S. Shohdy
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - M. Pillai
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - K.S. Abbas
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - J. Allison
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - T. Waddell
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - S. Mohammad
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, UK
| | - S. Hood
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, UK
| | - S. Atkinson
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, UK
| | - K. Simpson
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, UK
| | - D. Morgan
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, UK
| | - P. Nathan
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre - East and North Herts NHS Trust, Northwood, Middlesex, UK
| | - E. Kilgour
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, UK
| | - C. Dive
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester, UK
| | - F. Thistlethwaite
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Mohammad S, Wang PK, Chou YL. A Cloud Model Study of Internal Gravity Wave Breaking Atop a High Shear Supercell in Us High Plains. Russ J Phys Chem B 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793122030198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mohammad S, Bhattacharjee J, Vasanthan T, Harris CS, Bainbridge SA, Adamo KB. Metabolomics to understand placental biology: Where are we now? Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101663. [PMID: 34653888 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics, the application of analytical chemistry methodologies to survey the chemical composition of a biological system, is used to globally profile and compare metabolites in one or more groups of samples. Given that metabolites are the terminal end-products of cellular metabolic processes, or 'phenotype' of a cell, tissue, or organism, metabolomics is valuable to the study of the maternal-fetal interface as it has the potential to reveal nuanced complexities of a biological system as well as differences over time or between individuals. The placenta acts as the primary site of maternal-fetal exchange, the success of which is paramount to growth and development of offspring during pregnancy and beyond. Although the study of metabolomics has proven moderately useful for the screening, diagnosis, and understanding of the pathophysiology of pregnancy complications, the placental metabolome in the context of a healthy pregnancy remains poorly characterized and understood. Herein, we discuss the technical aspects of metabolomics and review the current literature describing the placental metabolome in human and animal models, in the context of health and disease. Finally, we highlight areas for future opportunities in the emerging field of placental metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mohammad
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - J Bhattacharjee
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - T Vasanthan
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - C S Harris
- Department of Biology & Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - S A Bainbridge
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - K B Adamo
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Karki BB, Mohammad S, Chung W, Eltweri A, Sauodi T, Dennison A, Garcea G. 227 Multiple Outbreak Of SARS-COVID-19 In Surgical Wards at The Tertiary Hospital. Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Since the second surge of SARS-COVID-19 on 18th of September, additional several measures were introduced, and pathways created in order to execute safe surgical practices and protect both patients and staff from SARS-COVID-19. Despite these measures, there have been reported cases of outbreaks in various parts of UK amongst patients and clinical staff.
Method
Three outbreaks in the past 6 weeks (10, September 2020 to 21, October 2020) were reported in our surgical wards and we compiled the timing, initial source, number of affected individuals and immediate management steps taken.
Results
Following the first outbreak on wards, 28-day surveillance helped us understand responsible variants. Several staff members were found walking out of hospital, in groups once they had removed their PPEs. Communal lunching with inadequate social distancing, attending work with symptoms (albeit atypical for COVID), sharing cars to/from work or not wearing PPE correctly were highlighted in the subsequent investigations. The reduction in number of affected individuals during the last two incidents reflected a degree of efficacy of the implemented preventative measures, which were reviewed again following the subsequent incidents.
Conclusions
In the present climate, a robust and prompt response to outbreaks is required. Continual iteration with regards to the need for PPE, adequate social distancing and avoiding over-crowding in communal areas is paramount to reduce the probability of ward outbreaks and inter-professional transmission. Asymptomatic staff testing, particularly in high-risk areas could also be considered but would require adequate laboratory capacity and rapid turnaround of test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Karki
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - S Mohammad
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - W Chung
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - A Eltweri
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - T Sauodi
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - A Dennison
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - G Garcea
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
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Elisofon SA, Magee JC, Ng VL, Horslen SP, Fioravanti V, Economides J, Erinjeri J, Anand R, Mazariegos GV, Martin A, Mannino D, Flynn L, Mohammad S, Alonso E, Superina R, Brandt K, Riordan M, Lokar J, Ito J, Elisofon S, Zapata L, Jain A, Foristal E, Gupta N, Whitlow C, Naik K, Espinosa H, Miethke A, Hawkins A, Hardy J, Engels E, Schreibeis A, Ovchinsky N, Kogan‐Liberman D, Cunningham R, Malik P, Sundaram S, Feldman A, Garcia B, Yanni G, Kohli R, Emamaullee J, Secules C, Magee J, Lopez J, Bilhartz J, Hollenbeck J, Shaw B, Bartow C, Forest S, Rand E, Byrne A, Linguiti I, Wann L, Seidman C, Mazariegos G, Soltys K, Squires J, Kepler A, Vitola B, Telega G, Lerret S, Desai D, Moghe J, Cutright L, Daniel J, Andrews W, Fioravanti V, Slowik V, Cisneros R, Faseler M, Hufferd M, Kelly B, Sudan D, Mavis A, Moats L, Swan‐Nesbit S, Yazigi N, Buranych A, Hobby A, Rao G, Maccaby B, Gopalareddy V, Boulware M, Ibrahim S, El Youssef M, Furuya K, Schatz A, Weckwerth J, Lovejoy C, Kasi N, Nadig S, Law M, Arnon R, Chu J, Bucuvalas J, Czurda M, Secheli B, Almy C, Haydel B, Lobritto S, Emand J, Biney‐Amissah E, Gamino D, Gomez A, Himes R, Seal J, Stewart S, Bergeron J, Truxillo A, Lebel S, Davidson H, Book L, Ramstack D, Riley A, Jennings C, Horslen S, Hsu E, Wallace K, Turmelle Y, Nadler M, Postma S, Miloh T, Economides J, Timmons K, Ng V, Subramonian A, Dharmaraj B, McDiarmid S, Feist S, Rhee S, Perito E, Gallagher L, Smith K, Ebel N, Zerofsky M, Nogueira J, Greer R, Gilmour S, Robert C, Cars C, Azzam R, Boone P, Garbarino N, Lalonde M, Kerkar N, Dokus K, Helbig K, Grizzanti M, Tomiyama K, Cocking J, Alexopoulos S, Bhave C, Schillo R, Bailey A, Dulek D, Ramsey L, Ekong U, Valentino P, Hettiarachchi D, Tomlin R. Society of pediatric liver transplantation: Current registry status 2011-2018. Pediatr Transplant 2020; 24:e13605. [PMID: 31680409 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SPLIT was founded in 1995 in order to collect comprehensive prospective data on pediatric liver transplantation, including waiting list data, transplant, and early and late outcomes. Since 2011, data collection of the current registry has been refined to focus on prospective data and outcomes only after transplant to serve as a foundation for the future development of targeted clinical studies. OBJECTIVE To report the outcomes of the SPLIT registry from 2011 to 2018. METHODS This is a multicenter, cross-sectional analysis characterizing patients transplanted and enrolled in the SPLIT registry between 2011 and 2018. All patients, <18 years of age, received a first liver-only, a combined liver-kidney, or a combined liver-pancreas transplant during this study period. RESULTS A total of 1911 recipients from 39 participating centers in North America were registered. Indications included biliary atresia (38.5%), metabolic disease (19.1%), tumors (11.7%), and fulminant liver failure (11.5%). Greater than 50% of recipients were transplanted as either Status 1A/1B or with a MELD/PELD exception score. Incompatible transplants were performed in 4.1%. Kaplan-Meier estimates of 1-year patient and graft survival were 97.3% and 96.6%. First 30 days of surgical complications included reoperation (31.7%), hepatic artery thrombosis (6.3%), and portal vein thrombosis (3.2%). In the first 90 days, biliary tract complications were reported in 13.6%. Acute cellular rejection during first year was 34.7%. At 1 and 2 years of follow-up, 39.2% and 50.6% had normal liver tests on monotherapy (tacrolimus or sirolimus). Further surgical, survival, allograft function, and complications are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Elisofon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John C Magee
- Division of Surgery, University of Michigan Transplant Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Vicky L Ng
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Transplant and Regenerative Medicine Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Simon P Horslen
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Vicki Fioravanti
- Section of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | | | | | | | - George V Mazariegos
- Division of Pediatric Transplant Surgery, Hillman Center for Pediatric Transplantation, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Youssef D, Britton P, Mohammad S, Mervis J, Gnanaapa G, Yusoff S. 647 A Rare Case Report of Complete Heart Block and Transient Parkinsonism in a Child Secondary to Mycoplasma Pneumoniae With Normal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sethi G, Aljawadi A, Choudhry MN, Fischer B, Divecha HM, Leach J, Arnall F, Verma R, Yasin N, Mohammad S, Siddique I. Concomitant back pain as a predictor of outcome after single level lumbar micro-decompressive surgery - A study of 995 patients. J Orthop 2019; 16:478-482. [PMID: 31680735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine if preoperative leg pain and low back pain severity affected postoperative outcome. Method Prospectively collected Spine-Tango data was analysed for 995 consecutive patients who underwent a primary, single level, lumbar micro-decompression/microdiscectomy at a single tertiary spinal centre. Result At 3 months, 72% of patients were satisfied with the outcome of surgery. Pre-operative low back pain was a significant predictor of poor outcome (P < 0.01). Conclusion Our study has shown that patients with a low back pain VAS of 6 or more have a significantly greater chance of a poor outcome following primary lumbar microdecompressive/microdiscectomy surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sethi
- Trauma and Orthopaedics- Spinal, University of Salford, Salford, Manchester, UK.,School of Health Sciences Allerton Building, University of Salford, Fredrick Road Campus, M6 6PU, UK
| | - A Aljawadi
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Salford, Salford, Fredrick Road Campus, M6 6PU, UK
| | - M N Choudhry
- Spinal Registrar, Department of Spinal Surgery, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Stott Lane, Salford, M6 8HD, UK
| | | | - H M Divecha
- StR Trauma & Orthopaedics, North Western Deanery, UK
| | - J Leach
- Consultant Neurosurgeon, Department of Neutosurgery, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Stott Lane, Salford, M6 8HD, UK
| | - F Arnall
- Consultant Physiotherapist. Lecturer Fellow Higher Education Academy, MSc Trauma & Orthopaedics Academic Module Lead, School of Health Sciences Allerton Building C711, University of Salford, Fredrick Road Campus, M6 6PU, UK
| | - R Verma
- Consultant Spinal Surgeon, Department of Spinal Surgery, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Stott Lane, Salford, M6 8HD, UK
| | - N Yasin
- Consultant Spinal Surgeon, Department of Spinal Surgery, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Stott Lane, Salford, M6 8HD, UK
| | - S Mohammad
- Consultant Spinal Surgeon, Department of Spinal Surgery, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Stott Lane, Salford, M6 8HD, UK
| | - I Siddique
- Consultant Spinal Surgeon, Department of Spinal Surgery, Salford Royal NHS Trust, Stott Lane, Salford, M6 8HD, UK
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Bones B, Burner S, Mohammad S, Shivaji V, Miller M, Durrani R, Dickey K, Downing T, Kouri B. 03:54 PM Abstract No. 108 Is conventional transarterial chemoembolization for neuroendocrine tumor liver metastasis really the best management option or is it reflective of lead-time bias? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Mohammad S, Nguyen H, Nguyen M, Abdel-Rasoul M, Nguyen V, Nguyen C, Nguyen K, Li L, Kitzmiller J. Pleiotropic Effects of Statins: Untapped Potential for Statin Pharmacotherapy. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2019; 17:239-261. [DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666180723120608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Statins are effective for primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease. They also have systemic anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties
suggesting potential utility for improving clinical outcomes for a wide range of diseases. The literature
provides data suggesting benefit in patients with comorbidities associated with contrast-induced nephropathy
(CIN), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, head injury, neurological
disease (e.g. Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease), prostate cancer, nuclear cataract and spinal cord
injury. This systematic review evaluates the current evidence supporting the potential benefit of statins
outside their customary role of attenuating cardiovascular risk reduction.
</P><P>
Methods: The electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched for studies
published January 2000 - March 2018 reporting comorbidity reduction associated with statin use.
</P><P>
Results: Fifty-eight publications that satisfied our selection criteria (based on the PRISM guidance for
systematic reviews) were selected and included case-control, cohort, cross-sectional and observational
studies as well as systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Ten studies addressed statin use and incidence
of CIN after coronary imaging; 8 addressed statin use in patients with COPD; 14 addressed statin use
and comorbidity reduction associated with head injury and/or a neurological disease disorder; 5 addressed
the association between statin use and nuclear cataract; 9 addressed the association between
statin use and prostate/colorectal cancer; 9 studies addressed the role of statin use in treating infections;
and 3 addressed the association between statin use and spinal cord injury related survival rate.
</P><P>
Conclusion: Overall, the literature supports beneficial pleiotropic effects of statin use in contrastinduced
nephropathy, head injury, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, nuclear cataract, prostate cancer,
infection management, and spinal cord injury. Further investigation is warranted, and randomized
clinical trials are needed to confirm the clinical utility suggested by the reported studies included in this
meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Mohammad
- The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - H. Nguyen
- The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - M. Nguyen
- The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - M. Abdel-Rasoul
- The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Center for Biostatistics, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - V. Nguyen
- The Nguyen Tri Phuong Hospital, Department of Cardiology, HCM City, Vietnam
| | - C.D. Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, HCM City, Vietnam
| | - K.T. Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, HCM City, Vietnam
| | - L. Li
- Department of Medical Informatics, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - J.P. Kitzmiller
- The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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Gjessing MC, Christensen DH, Manji F, Mohammad S, Petersen PE, Saure B, Skjengen C, Weli SC, Dale OB. Salmon gill poxvirus disease in Atlantic salmon fry as recognized by improved immunohistochemistry also demonstrates infected cells in non-respiratory epithelial cells. J Fish Dis 2018; 41:1103-1110. [PMID: 29745427 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Gill diseases cause serious losses in farming of Atlantic salmon and the number of agents involved increases. Salmon gill poxvirus (SGPV) and the gill disease in causes where SGPV apparently was the only disease-causing agent were initially characterized. Recently, it was further shown that SGPV can be a common denominator in widely different multifactorial gill diseases. Here, we present the challenge of diagnosing gill disease with SGPV in salmon fry of 0,3-5 grams. Apoptosis of gill lamellar epithelial cells and hemophagocytosis was also observed in fry similar to findings in smolts and grow-out fish. Using our newly developed immunohistochemistry method, we further demonstrate that some of the apoptotic epithelial cells covering the oral cavity were positive for SGPV. Thus, SGPV is not restricted to respiratory epithelium alone and may infect the fish at very early life stages. Furthermore, as the cases examined here are from Norway, Faroe Island and Scotland, we show that SGPV is more widespread than previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D H Christensen
- National Reference Laboratory for Fish Diseases, Food and Veterinary Authority, Torshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - F Manji
- Marine Harvest ASA, Bergen, Norway
| | - S Mohammad
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - P E Petersen
- National Reference Laboratory for Fish Diseases, Food and Veterinary Authority, Torshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - B Saure
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - S C Weli
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - O B Dale
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
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Chandrasekhar M, Mohammad S, Walker K, Ruiz G, Groninger H. Trends in Palliative Care in Inpatient Advanced Heart Failure After Initiation of a Dedicated Palliative Care Team. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Mohammad S. Lateral arthroplasty versus conventional arthroplasty in Sawhney's type III temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a comparison. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Salimin N, Mohammad S, Goh H, Tang S, Chong C, Salim SM, Ahmad H, Abdullah N, Muzzamer M, Sayuty AA, Rahman SA. 325P Preliminary review of computed tomography (CT)-based image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT) in treatment of cervical cancers: The National Cancer Institute (NCI) experience. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(21)00483-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Salimin N, Mohammad S, Goh H, Tang S, Chong C, Mohd Salim S, Ahmad H, Abdullah N, Muzzamer M, Ahmad Sayuty A, Abdul Rahman S. 325P Preliminary review of computed tomography (CT)-based image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT) in treatment of cervical cancers: The National Cancer Institute (NCI) experience. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw585.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Croy B, Redhead M, Felker A, Mara D, Portilho N, Mohammad S. Riddles posed by pregnancy-associated mouse uterine natural killer cells. J Reprod Immunol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2016.04.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Walrave TRWM, Mohammad S, Ploeger RR. [Mania induced by antibiotic therapy]. Tijdschr Psychiatr 2016; 58:603-606. [PMID: 27527887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report two cases of adults who developed mania after taking the antibiotic clarithromycin. Clarithromycin is a frequently used antibiotic, but it can lead to a rare but significant psychiatric complication in the form of a manic episode. Mania is commonly associated with bipolar disorder, but the causes can be pharmacological, metabolic or neurologic, particularly when it occurs in patients who themselves or whose families have no past history of psychiatric illness. New-onset mania calls for detailed clinical and laboratory testing and neuro-imaging so that somatic causes can be ruled out. It is important that the currently used medication is included in the differential diagnosis of mania. The first step in treatment is to discontinue the antibiotic therapy. The pharmacological treatment for mania caused by antibiotic therapy is largely the same as for mania in bipolar disorder; this means starting with anti-manic and anti-psychotic medication and providing a structured and calming environment. Most cases of pharmacologically induced mania are resolved if the aetiology is determined and treated. Mania that has pharmacological causes generally does not require prophylactic mood-stabilising treatment. Nevertheless, a psychiatric follow-up is advisable. If these steps are taken, the prognosis is favourable.
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Rätsep MT, Paolozza A, Hickman AF, Maser B, Kay VR, Mohammad S, Pudwell J, Smith GN, Brien D, Stroman PW, Adams MA, Reynolds JN, Croy BA, Forkert ND. Brain Structural and Vascular Anatomy Is Altered in Offspring of Pre-Eclamptic Pregnancies: A Pilot Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 37:939-45. [PMID: 26721772 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pre-eclampsia is a serious clinical gestational disorder occurring in 3%-5% of all human pregnancies and characterized by endothelial dysfunction and vascular complications. Offspring born of pre-eclamptic pregnancies are reported to exhibit deficits in cognitive function, higher incidence of depression, and increased susceptibility to stroke. However, no brain imaging reports exist on these offspring. We aimed to assess brain structural and vascular anatomy in 7- to 10-year-old offspring of pre-eclamptic pregnancies compared with matched controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Offspring of pre-eclamptic pregnancies and matched controls (n = 10 per group) were recruited from an established longitudinal cohort examining the effects of pre-eclampsia. Children underwent MR imaging to identify brain structural and vascular anatomic differences. Maternal plasma samples collected at birth were assayed for angiogenic factors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Offspring of pre-eclamptic pregnancies exhibited enlarged brain regional volumes of the cerebellum, temporal lobe, brain stem, and right and left amygdalae. These offspring displayed reduced cerebral vessel radii in the occipital and parietal lobes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis revealed underexpression of the placental growth factor among the maternal plasma samples from women who experienced pre-eclampsia. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to report brain structural and vascular anatomic alterations in the population of offspring of pre-eclamptic pregnancies. Brain structural alterations shared similarities with those seen in autism. Vascular alterations may have preceded these structural alterations. This pilot study requires further validation with a larger population to provide stronger estimates of brain structural and vascular outcomes among the offspring of pre-eclamptic pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Rätsep
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences (M.T.R., A.F.H., B.M., V.R.K., S.M., G.N.S., J.N.R., B.A.C.)
| | - A Paolozza
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies (A.P., D.B., P.W.S., M.A.A., J.N.R.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - A F Hickman
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences (M.T.R., A.F.H., B.M., V.R.K., S.M., G.N.S., J.N.R., B.A.C.)
| | - B Maser
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences (M.T.R., A.F.H., B.M., V.R.K., S.M., G.N.S., J.N.R., B.A.C.)
| | - V R Kay
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences (M.T.R., A.F.H., B.M., V.R.K., S.M., G.N.S., J.N.R., B.A.C.)
| | - S Mohammad
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences (M.T.R., A.F.H., B.M., V.R.K., S.M., G.N.S., J.N.R., B.A.C.)
| | - J Pudwell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.P., G.N.S.), Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - G N Smith
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences (M.T.R., A.F.H., B.M., V.R.K., S.M., G.N.S., J.N.R., B.A.C.) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (J.P., G.N.S.), Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Brien
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies (A.P., D.B., P.W.S., M.A.A., J.N.R.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - P W Stroman
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies (A.P., D.B., P.W.S., M.A.A., J.N.R.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - M A Adams
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies (A.P., D.B., P.W.S., M.A.A., J.N.R.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - J N Reynolds
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences (M.T.R., A.F.H., B.M., V.R.K., S.M., G.N.S., J.N.R., B.A.C.) Centre for Neuroscience Studies (A.P., D.B., P.W.S., M.A.A., J.N.R.), Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - B A Croy
- From the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences (M.T.R., A.F.H., B.M., V.R.K., S.M., G.N.S., J.N.R., B.A.C.)
| | - N D Forkert
- Department of Radiology and Hotchkiss Brain Institute (N.D.F.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Mohammad S. Hemicoronal approach for zygomatic complex fractures: an assessment. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Dhambri S, Mohammad S, Van Buu ON, Galvani G, Meyer Y, Lannou MI, Sorin G, Ardisson J. Recent advances in the synthesis of natural multifunctionalized decalins. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 32:841-64. [PMID: 25891138 DOI: 10.1039/c4np00142g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights recent innovative synthetic strategies developed for the stereoselective construction of natural complex decalin systems. It offers an insight into various synthetic targets and approaches and provides information for developments within the area of natural products as well as synthetic methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dhambri
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Unité CNRS UMR 8638 COMÈTE, 4 avenue de l'observatoire, 75270 PARIS Cedex 06.
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Mohammad Y, Shaaban R, Hassan M, Yassine F, Mohammad S, Tessier JF, Ellwood P. Respiratory effects in children from passive smoking of cigarettes and narghile: ISAAC Phase Three in Syria. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015; 18:1279-84. [PMID: 25299858 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and asthma symptoms is well documented, but a causal relationship is inconclusive. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three was the first to report a dose-response relationship between current wheezing and exposure to parental cigarette smoke. As exposure of children to water pipe (narghile) smoke is of concern in Syria, in the ISAAC Phase Three Tartous Centre we also examined the role of parental smoking of the narghile. METHODS Parents of children aged 6-7 years completed core written questionnaires about the prevalence of symptoms, and an environmental questionnaire for other risk factors, including parental cigarette smoking. We added questions about narghile to the questionnaire. RESULTS Among 2 734 pupils (49% females) surveyed, we found an association between exposure to ETS of the mother smoking cigarette or narghile and ever wheezing, nocturnal cough and severe wheeze; however, the strongest association was found when the mother smoked narghile. Mother smoking narghile was also associated with exercise wheeze. Father smoking narghile, but not cigarettes, was associated with nocturnal cough, severe wheeze and exercise wheeze. The association with current wheeze became significant when mother smoked both cigarettes and narghile; however, the effect was addititive and not synergic. CONCLUSION We recommend that international studies investigating ETS include questions on narghile smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Mohammad
- National Research Center for Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Tishreen University School of Medicine, Lattakia, Syria
| | - R Shaaban
- National Research Center for Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Tishreen University School of Medicine, Lattakia, Syria
| | - M Hassan
- National Research Center for Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Tishreen University School of Medicine, Lattakia, Syria
| | - F Yassine
- National Research Center for Chronic Respiratory Diseases, Tishreen University School of Medicine, Lattakia, Syria
| | - S Mohammad
- Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - J F Tessier
- Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - P Ellwood
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Perito ER, Mohammad S, Rosenthal P, Alonso EM, Ekong UD, Lobritto SJ, Feng S. Posttransplant metabolic syndrome in the withdrawal of immunosuppression in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients (WISP-R) pilot trial. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:779-85. [PMID: 25648649 PMCID: PMC4426259 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Posttransplant metabolic syndrome (PTMS)-obesity, hypertension, elevated triglycerides, low HDL and glucose intolerance-is a major contributor to morbidity after adult liver transplant. This analysis of the Withdrawal of Immunosuppression in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients (WISP-R) pilot trial is the first prospective study of PTMS after pediatric liver transplant. Twenty children were enrolled in WISP-R, at median age 8.5 years (IQR 6.4-10.8), and weaned from calcineurin-inhibitor monotherapy. The 12 children who tolerated complete immunosuppression withdrawal were compared to matched historical controls. At baseline, 45% of WISP-R subjects and 58% of controls had at least one component of PTMS. Calcineurin-inhibitor withdrawal in the WISP-R subjects did not impact the prevalence of PTMS components compared to controls. At 5 years, despite weaning off of immunosuppression, 92% of the 12 tolerant WISP-R subjects had at least one PTMS component and 58% had at least two; 33% were overweight or obese, 50% had dyslipidemia, 33% glucose intolerance and 42% systolic hypertension. Overweight/obesity increased the risk of hypertension in all children. Compared to controls, WISP-R tolerant subjects had similar GFR at baseline but did have higher GFR at 2, 3 and 4 years. Further study of PTMS and immunosuppression withdrawal after pediatric liver transplant is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. R. Perito
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - S. Mohammad
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - P. Rosenthal
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA,Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - E. M. Alonso
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - U. D. Ekong
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - S. J. Lobritto
- Department of Pediatrics, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY,Department of Surgery, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - S. Feng
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA,Corresponding author: Sandy Feng,
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Singh S, Mehrotra D, Mohammad S. Profile changes after conventional and chin shield genioplasty. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2014; 4:70-5. [PMID: 25737921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the profile changes after conventional and chin shield genioplasty. MATERIAL AND METHOD 20 patients with retruded chin were randomly allocated to two different groups. The experimental group had chin shield osteotomy with interposition of hydroxyapatite collagen graft soaked in platelet rich plasma, while the controls had a conventional genioplasty. The outcome variables evaluated were lip seal, chin thickness, mandibular base length, SNB, labiomental angle, anterior lower facial height, transverse chin shift, and complications. RESULTS There was an increase in chin thickness among all, but a significant increase in anterior lower facial height was seen in the experimental group only. There was no statistically significant difference in satisfaction score in both groups. CONCLUSION Chin shield genioplasty provides horizontal as well as vertical lengthening of chin without deepening of the mentolabial fold. Hydroxyapatite collagen bone graft and platelet rich plasma promote healing, induce bone formation and reduce bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuti Singh
- Lecturer, Govt Medical College, Jalaun, India
| | - Divya Mehrotra
- Professor, Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - S Mohammad
- Professor, Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Abstract
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is considered as one of the complex joints of the human body. Mandibular condylysis is distinguished from condylar aplasia by its non-association with aural/facial anomalies, and also as normal development appears to proceed until the lytic event occurs. It is further distinguished from primary and secondary condylar hypoplasia by the following: Absence of condyle rather than it being small, the normal development appears to proceed until the lytic event occurs, and its non-association with aural/facial anomalies or temporomandibular ankylosis. In the present report, a patient with a unilateral missing mandibular condyle with contralateral TMJ ankylosis is presented and the treatment is outlined and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - U S Pal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Mohammad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R K Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gagan Mehta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hardik S Makadia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Passi D, Mohammad S, Mehrotra D, Singh S. Study of morphological changes in condyle with duration of TMJ ankylosis. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.04.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Chaudhury S, Hormaza L, Mohammad S, Lokar J, Ekong U, Alonso EM, Wainwright MS, Kletzel M, Whitington PF. Liver transplantation followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for atypical mevalonic aciduria. Am J Transplant 2012; 12:1627-31. [PMID: 22405037 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03989.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mevalonic aciduria because of mutations of the gene for mevalonate kinase causes limited synthesis of isoprenoids, the effects of which are widespread. The outcome for affected children is poor. A child with severe multisystem manifestations underwent orthotopic liver transplantation at age 50 months for the indication of end-stage liver disease. This procedure corrected liver function and eliminated portal hypertension, and the patient showed substantial improvement in neurological function. However, autoinflammatory episodes continued unabated until hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was performed at 80 months. Through this complex therapy, the patient now enjoys a high quality of life without significant disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaudhury
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg Medical School of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Mohammad S, Hormaza L, Neighbors K, Boone P, Tierney M, Azzam RK, Butt Z, Alonso EM. Health status in young adults two decades after pediatric liver transplantation. Am J Transplant 2012; 12:1486-95. [PMID: 22568621 PMCID: PMC3365645 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04080.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients who underwent pediatric liver transplant (LT) between 1988 and 1992 to evaluate long-term health status. Survivors completed socio-demographic, medical and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) surveys by mail including the SF-36v2, PedsQL™4.0 Generic Core Scale, PedsQL™ Cognitive Functioning Scale and PedsQL™3.0 Transplant Module. SF-36 scores were converted to SF6D-based utilities and risk factors for lower outcomes were assessed. Eighty-five of 171 patients had survived. Fifty-six were contacted with a response rate of 66%. Median age at LT was 0.86 years (IQR 0.58-3.0) and 64.3% had biliary atresia. Mean age at survey was 23.0 ± 4.4 years: 62% attended college, 68% lived with parents and 80% of those over 23 were employed. Patient health utilities were lower than norms (0.75 ± 0.12 vs. 0.82 ± 0.18, p < 0.01) and correlated with unemployment (p < 0.042), hospitalizations (p < 0.005) and lower education level (p < 0.016). Lower PedsQL™3.0 Transplant Module and PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scale scores correlated with unemployment (p = 0.006, p = 0.009) and hospitalizations (p = 0.006, p = 0.02). Pediatric transplant recipients who survive to adulthood have lower physical HRQOL, measurable transplant-related disability and lower health utility. Transplantation is life saving; however, physical and psychological sequelae continue to affect health status up to two decades later.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mohammad
- Dept of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - L Hormaza
- Dept of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - K Neighbors
- Dept of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - P Boone
- Dept of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine
| | - M Tierney
- Dept of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine
| | - RK Azzam
- Dept of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine
| | - Z Butt
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - EM Alonso
- Dept of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine
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Shukla A, Singh SV, Kumar S, Mehrotra D, Mohammad S, Singh S. Alveolar ridge augmentation using distraction osteogenesis: a clinical trial. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2012; 2:25-9. [PMID: 25756028 DOI: 10.1016/s2212-4268(12)60007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severely resorbed ridges present a great challenge to prosthodontic rehabilitation. Available reconstructive options include autologous/alloplastic augmentation with questionable results, or regeneration of new bone under gradual and controlled tension using distraction osteogenesis. This study focused on use of distraction osteogenesis for the treatment of vertically deficient alveolar ridges to assess its feasibility and outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Alveolar distraction osteogenesis (ADO) was studied at 10 different intra-oral, partial or complete edentulous sites. After a latency period of 5 days, distraction was carried out for 6-7 days at the rate of 0.5 mm every 12 hours (1 mm/day). Distractor was removed after a consolidation period of 12 weeks. RESULTS The mean height gained at the 10 intra-oral sites was 4.8 mm with standard deviation of ± 0.056. The mean follow-up period was 2 years. Complications of therapy included hardware failure, wound gape and extra-oral scar. The overall complication rate was 10%. CONCLUSION Distraction osteogenesis is a promising option to aid uneventful prosthodontic rehabilitation of severe vertically resorbed alveolar ridges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Shukla
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rajasthan Dental College, Jaipur
| | - Saumyendra V Singh
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- PhD Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Divya Mehrotra
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - S Mohammad
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Stuti Singh
- Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Kochuparambil ST, Al-Husein B, Goc A, Mohammad S, Terris MK, Samuel TA, Coleman TA, Shenoy SPR. Effects of simvastatin and docetaxel on different pathways in the regulation of prostate and breast cancer cell survival. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Walls B, Mohammad S, Campbell J, Archer L, Beale J. Negative pressure dressings for severe hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa): a case report. J Wound Care 2010; 19:457-60. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2010.19.10.79094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Walls
- HCA Largo Medical Center, Wound Care Center, Largo, FL, USA
| | - S. Mohammad
- HCA Largo Medical Center, Wound Care Center, Largo, FL, USA
| | - J. Campbell
- HCA Largo Medical Center, Wound Care Center, Largo, FL, USA
| | - L. Archer
- HCA Largo Medical Center, Wound Care Center, Largo, FL, USA
| | - J. Beale
- HCA Largo Medical Center, Wound Care Center, Largo, FL, USA
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Steinum T, Kvellestad A, Colquhoun DJ, Heum M, Mohammad S, Grøntvedt RN, Falk K. Microbial and pathological findings in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar with proliferative gill inflammation. Dis Aquat Organ 2010; 91:201-211. [PMID: 21133320 DOI: 10.3354/dao02266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Proliferative gill inflammation (PGI) is an important cause of loss in seawater-farmed Atlantic salmon in Norway. Several microbes have been associated with PGI, including the commonly but not exclusively observed inclusions (epitheliocysts) within the gill lamellae related to infection with 'Candidatus Piscichlamydia salmonis'. Atlantic salmon transferred in the spring of 2004 to 12 seawater farms situated in mid- and southwest Norway were sampled throughout that year. Outbreaks of PGI, as evaluated by clinical examination, histology, and mortality data, were diagnosed in 6 of 7 farms in southwest Norway but not in the 5 farms studied in mid-Norway. Generally, mortality started 3 to 5 mo after seawater transfer and outbreaks lasted at least 1 to 3 mo. 'Ca. P. salmonis' was detected by real-time PCR only in fish from PGI-affected farms and our results indicate an association between 'Ca. P. salmonis' load and PGI severity. Likewise, although widely distributed in all 12 farms studied, epitheliocyst prevalence and number per fish as observed by histology appears associated with PGI prevalence and severity. However, the occurrence of epitheliocysts showed no association with molecular detection of 'Ca. P. salmonis', suggesting that at least 1 other organism is responsible for many of the observed inclusions. A microsporidian, Desmozoon lepeophtherii, was identified at high prevalence regardless of fish and farm PGI status, but at higher loads in fish with PGI. Our results support a multifactorial etiology for PGI in which 'Ca. P. salmonis', an unidentified epitheliocyst agent, and the microsporidian are contributing causes. No evidence for the involvement of Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus in PGI development was identified in the present study. High water temperatures and ectoparasites probably exacerbated mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Steinum
- Section for Fish Health, National Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.
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Mohammad Y, Tabbah K, Mohammad S, Yassine F, Clayton T, Hassan M. International study of asthma and allergies in childhood: phase 3 in the Syrian Arab Republic. East Mediterr Health J 2010; 16:710-716. [PMID: 20799526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) uses standardized symptom-based questionnaires to describe the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in children worldwide. Three governorates in the Syrian Arab Republic (Aleppo, Lattakia and Tartous) participated in ISAAC phase 3 in 2001-03. Adolescents in the 13-14 year age group and parents of the 6-7-year-old children completed the questionnaire about asthma symptoms. The prevalence of current symptoms of asthma (wheezing in the last 12 months) in different centres ranged from 4.7% to 5.7% for 6-7-year-olds and 3.9% to 6.5% for 13-14-year-olds. In 13-14-year-olds the prevalence of severe speech-limiting wheeze was 2.0%-3.5%, of rhinoconjunctivitis was 8.6%-14.6% and of eczema was 3.3%-4.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Mohammad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syrian Arab Republic.
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Mohammad S. Message from Head OMFS, Medical University Lucknow. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2010; 1:95. [PMID: 22442576 PMCID: PMC3304198 DOI: 10.4103/0975-5950.79207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Mohammad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, U.P., India. E-mail:
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Mohammad Y, Tabbah K, Mohammad S, Yassine F, Clayton T, Hassan M. International study of asthma and allergies in childhood: Phase 3 in the Syrian Arab Republic. East Mediterr Health J 2010. [DOI: 10.26719/2010.16.7.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yahaya MI, Mohammad S, Abdullahi BK. Seasonal Variations of Heavy Metals Concentration in Abattoir Dumping Site Soil in Nigeria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v13i4.55387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Nandhara G, Williamson J, Verma R, Ross E, Oxborrow N, Dashdti H, Mohammad S. T-3 Spinal Tumour Referrals to a Tertiary Spinal Centre. J Biomech 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(10)70133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hanley A, Corrigan R, Mohammad S, MacMahon B. Friedreich's ataxia cardiomyopathy: case based discussion and management issues. Ir Med J 2010; 103:117-118. [PMID: 20486316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac involvement is common in Friedreich's Ataxia and is a common cause of premature death. Evidence regarding treatment of congestive heart failure in patients with Friedreich's Ataxia is lacking. The case of a 31-year-old male with advanced Friedreich's Ataxia who presented with an acute diarrhoeal illness and features of acute heart failure is discussed. We then review the reported cardiac manifestations of Friedreich's Ataxia and discuss management options.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hanley
- Monaghan General Hospital, Co Monaghan.
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Abstract
The basic fundamental elements that collagen bring into the wound activity are its hemostatic effect, its interaction with platelets and interaction with fibronection, increase in fluid exudates, increase in cellular components (macrophages) and support for fibroblastic proliferation into wound activity. In this way collagen plays a significant parts in almost every function of the body. Previously broad use of collagen was stifled because of cost, recent advances made it possible to develop cost effective collagen. In this study twenty patients of maxillofacial wounds were treated with the use of collagen. The results were satisfactory without any significant complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- U S Pal
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, C.S.M. Medical University, Lucknow, Uttarpradesh, India
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El-Hagary M, Shoker Y, Mohammad S, Moustafa A, El-Aal AA, Michor H, Reissner M, Hilscher G, Ramadan A. Structural and magnetic properties of polycrystalline La0.77Sr0.23Mn1−xCuxO3 (0≤x≤0.5) manganites. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2009; 468:47-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Wojciuk J, Mohammad S, More R, Goode G. Utilisation of 3D echocardiography in demonstrating the beneficial effect of bifocal right ventricular cardiac resynchronisation therapy. Heart 2007; 93:e1. [PMID: 17170332 PMCID: PMC1861375 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2005.087205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Mohammad Y, Tabbah K, Mohammad S, Yassine F. ISAAC Phase III - Syrie. Rev Mal Respir 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(06)71706-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Winikoff S, Mohammad S, Guo ZS, O'Malley M, Zeh HJ, Bartlett DL. Development of a tetracycline-inducible system for regulation of oncolytic vaccinia virus gene expression. Ann Surg Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02524208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lambiase PD, Rinaldi A, Hauck J, Mobb M, Elliott D, Mohammad S, Gill JS, Bucknall CA. Non-contact left ventricular endocardial mapping in cardiac resynchronisation therapy. Heart 2004; 90:44-51. [PMID: 14676240 PMCID: PMC1768036 DOI: 10.1136/heart.90.1.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 30% of patients with heart failure do not respond to cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT). This may reflect placement of the coronary sinus lead in regions of slow conduction despite optimal positioning on current criteria. OBJECTIVES To characterise the effect of CRT on left ventricular activation using non-contact mapping and to examine the electrophysiological factors influencing optimal left ventricular lead placement. METHODS and results: 10 patients implanted with biventricular pacemakers were studied. In six, the coronary sinus lead was found to be positioned in a region of slow conduction with an average conduction velocity of 0.4 m/s, v 1.8 m/s in normal regions (p < 0.02). Biventricular pacing with the left ventricle paced 32 ms before the right induced the optimal mean velocity time integral and timing for fusion of depolarisation wavefronts from the right and left ventricular pacing sites. Pacing outside regions of slow conduction decreased left ventricular activation time and increased cardiac output and dP/dt(max) significantly. CONCLUSIONS In patients undergoing CRT for heart failure, non-contact mapping can identify regions of slow conduction. Significant haemodynamic improvements can occur when the site of left ventricular pacing is outside these slow conduction areas. Failure of CRT to produce clinical benefits may reflect left ventricular lead placement in regions of slow conduction which can be overcome by pacing in more normally activating regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Lambiase
- Department of Cardiology, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
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Ray SD, Lam TS, Rotollo JA, Phadke S, Patel C, Dontabhaktuni A, Mohammad S, Lee H, Strika S, Dobrogowska A, Bruculeri C, Chou A, Patel S, Patel R, Manolas T, Stohs S. Oxidative stress is the master operator of drug and chemically-induced programmed and unprogrammed cell death: Implications of natural antioxidants in vivo. Biofactors 2004; 21:223-32. [PMID: 15630201 DOI: 10.1002/biof.552210144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
ROS, RNS, BRIs and ROS-RNS hybrids are produced during drug or chemical metabolism in vivo. These reactive species are instrumental to the culmination of cellular oxidative stress (OS). OS, once turned on, does not spare any vital intracellular macromolecule, such as glutathione, DNA, RNA, proteins, enzymes, lipids and ATP. Since concentration gradients of such components are very delicately balanced for normal cellular functioning, a gross perturbation leads to cell injury and cell death. Abundant evidence now suggests that intracellular antioxidants keep OS in check and maintain homeostasis. Our laboratory has focused on the role of OS in orchestrating various forms of cell death during drug and chemically-induced target organ toxicity and their counteraction by various natural or synthetic antioxidants in in vivo models. Despite complexity of the in vivo models, results show that metabolism of xenobiotics are invariably associated with different degrees of OS and natural antioxidants such as grape seed extract, bitter melon extract (Momordica charantia) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) which were very effective in counteracting organ toxicities by minimizing events linked to OS (lipid peroxidation and total glutathione), and CAD-mediated DNA fragmentation. Phytoextract exposure rescued cells from toxic assaults, protected genomic integrity, and minimized apoptotic, necrotic and apocrotic (oncotic necrosis) cell deaths. Pre-exposure mode was more effective than post-exposure route. Overall scenario suggests that OS may have been the prime modulator of death and/or survival programs, whereas, antioxidants may have imparted a dual role in either erasing death signals or reviving survival signals, and a combination of antioxidants may be more beneficial than a single entity to influence a number of intracellular events operating simultaneously to neutralize chaotic toxicological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Ray
- Molecular Toxicology Program, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Medicinal Chemistry, Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
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Omrani A, Fathollahi Y, Almasi M, Semnanian S, Mohammad S, Firoozabadi P. Contribution of ionotropic glutamate receptors and voltage-dependent calcium channels to the potentiation phenomenon induced by transient pentylenetetrazol in the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices. Brain Res 2003; 959:173-81. [PMID: 12480172 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(02)03830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The role of ionotropic glutamate receptors and voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) in potentiation phenomenon and epileptic activity induced by a transient pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) application in the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices was investigated. Also we examined whether adenosine as an inhibitory neuromodulator would interact with expression of the long-lasting effect of transient PTZ. Population spikes (PS) were recorded in the CA1 cell body layer of the hippocampal slices following stratum radiatum stimulation. Changes in the PS amplitude potentiation and number of extra PS, which induced by transient PTZ were used as indices to quantify the effects of drugs. PS input-output curve was significantly increased 10 min after PTZ application and persisted at least for 60 min after PTZ washout. Polyspikes also appeared, but did not persist. Both ketamine and APV reduced the extent of potentiation of PS amplitude but had no effect on number of extra PS. The selective non-NMDA receptor antagonist CNQX prevented the amplitude potentiation and the generation of extra PS. The blocker of VDCCs, verapamil, prevented the amplitude potentiation and inhibited polyspike activity. Co-application of adenosine and PTZ produced a rapid and reversible decrease in the PS amplitude, but PTZ-induced potentiation phenomenon was observed after washout. It is concluded that ionotropic glutamate receptors as well as VDCCs involve in the PTZ-induced LTP of PS amplitude. PTZ-induced LTP is also insensitive to adenosine. The epileptiform activity induced by a transient PTZ application could be attributed to VDCCs. The polyspikes mediated by VDCCs are dependent on prior activation of AMPA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Omrani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, PO Box 14115-331, Tehran, Iran
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Mohammad S, Port A, Montgomery RJ. Transepiphyseal fracture of the femoral neck with dislocation of the femoral head and fracture of the posterior column of the acetabulum in a child. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2002; 84:113-5. [PMID: 11837816 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.84b1.11889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We describe a 15-year-old boy with a posterior dislocation of the hip, fracture of the posterior column of the acetabulum and separation of the femoral capital epiphysis. To our knowledge no previous case in a child has been reported. Such high-energy injuries are extremely rare, and a poor outcome is expected. We advocate early referral to a specialised tertiary centre, and the use of a modification of Delbet's classification to reflect the complexity and displacement which may occur with this injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mohammad
- Middlesborough General Hospital, Cleveland, England, UK
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Mohammad S, Port A, Montgomery RJ. TRANSEPIPHYSEAL FRACTURE OF THE FEMORAL NECK WITH DISLOCATION OF THE FEMORAL HEAD AND FRACTURE OF THE POSTERIOR COLUMN OF THE ACETABULUM IN A CHILD. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.84b1.0840113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We describe a 15-year-old boy with a posterior dislocation of the hip, fracture of the posterior column of the acetabulum and separation of the femoral capital epiphysis. To our knowledge no previous case in a child has been reported. Such high-energy injuries are extremely rare, and a poor outcome is expected. We advocate early referral to a specialised tertiary centre, and the use of a modification of Delbet’s classification to reflect the complexity and displacement which may occur with this injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Mohammad
- Spinal Deformity Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
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- Department of Orthopaedics, Middlesborough General Hospital, Ayresome Green Lane, Middlesborough, Cleveland TS5 5AZ, UK
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Mohammad S, Rymaszewski LA, Runciman J. The Baumann angle in supracondylar fractures of the distal humerus in children. J Pediatr Orthop 1999; 19:65-9. [PMID: 9890290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Radiologic assessment of fracture reduction in displaced supracondylar fractures of the elbow in children is notoriously difficult. The Baumann angle is often used as a guide to the adequacy of reduction. This is based on the assumption that the Baumann angle has a constant relationship to the carrying angle in a displaced fracture. The effect of rotation on the relationship between these angles has not been studied in detail. Computed tomography (CT) studies have shown that < or = 40 degrees of rotation may still be present after closed manipulation of a supracondylar fracture. A computer programme analysing vectors was designed to study the relationship between the Baumann angle and the carrying angle with predetermined displacements of the distal fragment. The relationship between the Baumann angle and the carrying angle was thus defined and, in contrast to the literature, found to be more complex than previously appreciated. The Baumann angle was found to be an inaccurate indicator of the carrying angle when treating displaced supracondylar fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mohammad
- Department of Orthopaedics, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England
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Bond TD, Ambikapathy S, Mohammad S, Valverde MA. Osmosensitive C1- currents and their relevance to regulatory volume decrease in human intestinal T84 cells: outwardly vs. inwardly rectifying currents. J Physiol 1998; 511 ( Pt 1):45-54. [PMID: 9679162 PMCID: PMC2231111 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.045bi.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
1. The swelling-activated outwardly rectifying Cl- current (ICl(swell)) recorded in T84 human intestinal cells was completely blocked by 10 microM tamoxifen, while 300 microM Cd2+ had no effect. 2. A ClC-2-like, inwardly rectifying Cl- current was activated after strong hyperpolarization in T84 cells. This current was completely inhibited by 300 microM Cd2+, unaffected by 10 microM tamoxifen, and its magnitude increased slightly in response to cell swelling under hyposmotic conditions. However, the swelling-dependent modulation occurred only after prior activation by hyperpolarizing voltages. 3. T84 cells behaved initially close to perfect osmometers in response to changes in external osmolalities between +20 and -30 %. The cells underwent full regulatory volume decrease (RVD) within 16 min when exposed to 30 or 10 % hyposmotic shocks. 4. Pharmacological tools were used to determine the anionic pathway(s) involved in RVD in T84 cells. Tamoxifen (10 microM), 1,9-dideoxyforskolin (DDFSK; 100 microM) and 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulphonic acid (DIDS; 100 microM) blocked RVD while 300 microM Cd2+ had no effect upon RVD following a 30 % hyposmotic shock. The RVD response was similarly unaffected by Cd2+ when cells were exposed to a smaller (10 %) hyposmotic shock. 5. In conclusion, these data show that the anionic pathway primarily activated by cell swelling and relevant to RVD in T84 cells is the tamoxifen-, DDFSK- and DIDS-sensitive ICl(swell) and not the hyperpolarization-activated, Cd2+-sensitive Cl- current associated with the ClC-2 Cl- channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Bond
- Physiology Group, Biomedical Sciences Division, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
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