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Marx S, May JH, Cohen T, Kamber B, McGowan H, Petherick L. Dust emissions from Kati Thanda-Lake Eyre: a review. T ROY SOC SOUTH AUST 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2022.2054918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.K. Marx
- GeoQuEST Research Centre - School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J-H May
- School of Geography, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - T. Cohen
- GeoQuEST Research Centre - School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - B.S. Kamber
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Wellington, Queensland, Australia
| | - H.A. McGowan
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - L. Petherick
- School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Walter N, Doppelbauer M, Marx S, Seifert J, Liu X, Pérez-Ríos J, Sartakov BG, Truppe S, Meijer G. Spectroscopic characterization of the a 3Π state of aluminum monofluoride. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:124306. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0082601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spectroscopic studies of aluminum monofluoride (AlF) have revealed its highly favorable properties for direct laser cooling. All Q lines of the strong A1Π ← X1Σ+ transition around 227 nm are rotationally closed and thereby suitable for the main cooling cycle. The same holds for the narrow, spin-forbidden a3Π ← X1Σ+ transition around 367 nm, which has a recoil limit in the µK range. We here report on the spectroscopic characterization of the lowest rotational levels in the a3Π state of AlF for v = 0–8 using a jet-cooled, pulsed molecular beam. An accidental AC Stark shift is observed on the a3Π0, v = 4 ← X1Σ+, v = 4 band. By using time-delayed ionization for state-selective detection of the molecules in the metastable a3Π state at different points along the molecular beam, the radiative lifetime of the a3Π1, v = 0, J = 1 level is experimentally determined as τ = 1.89 ± 0.15 ms. A laser/radio frequency multiple resonance ionization scheme is employed to determine the hyperfine splittings in the a3Π1, v = 5 level. The experimentally derived hyperfine parameters are compared to the outcome of quantum chemistry calculations. A spectral line with a width of 1.27 kHz is recorded between hyperfine levels in the a3Π, v = 0 state. These measurements benchmark the electronic potential of the a3Π state and yield accurate values for the photon scattering rate and for the elements of the Franck–Condon matrix of the a3Π–X1Σ+ system.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Walter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Doppelbauer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Marx
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Seifert
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - X. Liu
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Pérez-Ríos
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - B. G. Sartakov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilovstreet 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - S. Truppe
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - G. Meijer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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May JH, May S, Marx S, Cohen T, Schuster M, Sims A. Towards understanding desert shorelines - coastal landforms and dynamics around ephemeral Lake Eyre North, South Australia. T ROY SOC SOUTH AUST 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2022.2050506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Hendrik May
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- GeoQuest Research Centre, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S.M. May
- Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - S.K. Marx
- GeoQuest Research Centre, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T.J. Cohen
- GeoQuest Research Centre, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M. Schuster
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Terre et Environnement de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - A. Sims
- School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Dietrich M, Marx S, von der Forst M, Bruckner T, Schmitt FCF, Fiedler MO, Nickel F, Studier-Fischer A, Müller-Stich BP, Hackert T, Brenner T, Weigand MA, Uhle F, Schmidt K. Bedside hyperspectral imaging indicates a microcirculatory sepsis pattern - an observational study. Microvasc Res 2021; 136:104164. [PMID: 33831406 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microcirculatory alterations are key mechanisms in sepsis pathophysiology leading to tissue hypoxia, edema formation, and organ dysfunction. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an emerging imaging technology that uses tissue-light interactions to evaluate biochemical tissue characteristics including tissue oxygenation, hemoglobin content and water content. Currently, clinical data for HSI technologies in critical ill patients are still limited. METHODS AND ANALYSIS TIVITA® Tissue System was used to measure Tissue oxygenation (StO2), Tissue Hemoglobin Index (THI), Near Infrared Perfusion Index (NPI) and Tissue Water Index (TWI) in 25 healthy volunteers and 25 septic patients. HSI measurement sites were the palm, the fingertip, and a suprapatellar knee area. Septic patients were evaluated on admission to the ICU (E), 6 h afterwards (E+6) and three times a day (t3-t9) within a total observation period of 72 h. Primary outcome was the correlation of HSI results with daily SOFA-scores. RESULTS Serial HSI at the three measurement sites in healthy volunteers showed a low mean variance expressing high retest reliability. HSI at E demonstrated significantly lower StO2 and NPI as well as higher TWI at the palm and fingertip in septic patients compared to healthy volunteers. StO2 and TWI showed corresponding results at the suprapatellar knee area. In septic patients, palm and fingertip THI identified survivors (E-t4) and revealed predictivity for 28-day mortality (E). Fingertip StO2 and THI correlated to SOFA-score on day 2. TWI was consistently increased in relation to the TWI range of healthy controls during the observation time. Palm TWI correlated positively with SOFA scores on day 3. DISCUSSION HSI results in septic patients point to a distinctive microcirculatory pattern indicative of reduced skin oxygenation and perfusion quality combined with increased blood pooling and tissue water content. THI might possess risk-stratification properties and TWI could allow tissue edema evaluation in critically ill patients. CONCLUSION HSI technologies could open new perspectives in microcirculatory monitoring by visualizing oxygenation and perfusion quality combined with tissue water content in critically ill patients - a prerequisite for future tissue perfusion guided therapy concepts in intensive care medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dietrich
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Marx
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M von der Forst
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Bruckner
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F C F Schmitt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M O Fiedler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Nickel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Studier-Fischer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B P Müller-Stich
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Hackert
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Brenner
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - M A Weigand
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Uhle
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Schmidt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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De Vleeschouwer F, Baron S, Cloy JM, Enrico M, Ettler V, Fagel N, Kempter H, Kylander M, Li C, Longman J, Martinez-Cortizas A, Marx S, Mattielli N, Mighall T, Nieminen TM, Piotrowska N, Pontevedra-Pombal X, Pratte S, Renson V, Shotyk W, Shuttleworth E, Sikorski J, Stromsoe N, Talbot J, von Scheffer C, Weiss D, Zaccone C, Le Roux G. Comment on: "A novel approach to peatlands as archives of total cumulative spatial pollution loads from atmospheric deposition of airborne elements complementary to EMEP data: Priority pollutants (Pb, Cd, Hg)" by Ewa Miszczak, Sebastian Stefaniak, Adam Michczyński, Eiliv Steinnes and Irena Twardowska. Sci Total Environ 2020; 737:138699. [PMID: 32376094 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A recent paper by Miszczak et al. (2020) examines metal contamination of mires in Poland and Norway. The authors conclude that lead (Pb) records in ombrotrophic peatlands cannot be used to reconstruct the chronological history of anthropogenic activities due to post-depositional mobility of the metal. We contest this general conclusion which stands in contrast with a significant body of literature demonstrating that Pb is largely immobile in the vast majority of ombrotrophic peatlands. Our aim is to reaffirm the crucial contribution that peat records have made to our knowledge of atmospheric Pb contamination. In addition, we reiterate the necessity of following established protocols to produce reliable records of anthropogenic Pb contamination in environmental archives.
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Affiliation(s)
- F De Vleeschouwer
- Instituto Franco-Argentino para el Estudio del Clima y sus Impactos (UMI IFAECI/CNRS-CONICET-UBA-IRD), Argentina.
| | - S Baron
- Laboratoire TRACES (CNRS, Université de Toulouse), France
| | - J M Cloy
- Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M Enrico
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - V Ettler
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - N Fagel
- AGEs, Département de Géologie, Université de Liège, Belgium
| | - H Kempter
- Welzheimer Str. 14, D-71566 Althuette, Germany
| | - M Kylander
- Department of Geological Sciences and the Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - C Li
- Geoscience Environnement Toulouse (CNRS-UPS-IRD-CNAP-CNES), France
| | - J Longman
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, UK
| | | | - S Marx
- GeoQuEST Research Centre, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Australia
| | - N Mattielli
- Laboratoire G-Time, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - T Mighall
- School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, UK
| | - T M Nieminen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland Luke, Helsinki, Finland
| | - N Piotrowska
- Silesian University of Technology, Institute of Physics-CSE, GADAM Center, Gliwice, Poland
| | | | - S Pratte
- Department of Geography, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - V Renson
- Research Reactor, University of Missouri, USA
| | - W Shotyk
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - J Sikorski
- Silesian University of Technology, Institute of Physics-CSE, GADAM Center, Gliwice, Poland
| | - N Stromsoe
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Australia
| | - J Talbot
- Département de Géographie, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - C von Scheffer
- Institute for Ecosystem Research, Kiel University, Germany
| | - D Weiss
- Imperial College London, UK; Princeton University, Princeton, USA
| | - C Zaccone
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Italy
| | - G Le Roux
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
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Doppelbauer M, Walter N, Hofsäss S, Marx S, Schewe HC, Kray S, Pérez-Ríos J, Sartakov BG, Truppe S, Meijer G. Characterisation of the b3Σ+, v = 0 state and its interaction with the A1Π state in aluminium monofluoride. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1810351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Doppelbauer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - N. Walter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Hofsäss
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Marx
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - H. C. Schewe
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Kray
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - J. Pérez-Ríos
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - B. G. Sartakov
- General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S. Truppe
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - G. Meijer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany
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Dietrich M, Marx S, Weigand MA, Brenner T, Schmidt K. Hyperspectral imaging for bedside microcirculatory monitoring of critical care and perioperative patients: A new approach for tissue perfusion-based haemodynamic management? Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2020; 39:631-633. [PMID: 32289530 DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Dietrich
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 110, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Marx
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 110, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M A Weigand
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 110, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Brenner
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 110, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Schmidt
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 110, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Eckert RE, Griffin CE, Cohen ND, Marx S. Investigation into intraoral approach for nerve block injection at the mental foramen in the horse. EQUINE VET EDUC 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. E. Eckert
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TexasUSA
| | - C. E. Griffin
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TexasUSA
| | - N. D. Cohen
- Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TexasUSA
| | - S. Marx
- Advance Equine Dentistry Parker Colorado USA
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Klerk CD, Fosso-Kankeu E, Du Plessis L, Marx S. Assessment of the Viability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Response to Synergetic Inhibition During Bioethanol Production. CURR SCI INDIA 2018. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v115/i6/1124-1132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Marx
- North-West University, South Africa
| | - A. Brink
- North-West University, South Africa
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Smith BS, Child DP, Fierro D, Harrison JJ, Heijnis H, Hotchkis MAC, Johansen MP, Marx S, Payne TE, Zawadzki A. Measurement of fallout radionuclides, (239)(,240)Pu and (137)Cs, in soil and creek sediment: Sydney Basin, Australia. J Environ Radioact 2016; 151 Pt 3:579-586. [PMID: 26344369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Soil and sediment samples from the Sydney basin were measured to ascertain fallout radionuclide activity concentrations and atom ratios. Caesium-137 ((137)Cs) was measured using gamma spectroscopy, and plutonium isotopes ((239)Pu and (240)Pu) were quantified using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Fallout radionuclide activity concentrations were variable ranging from 0.6 to 26.1 Bq/kg for (137)Cs and 0.02-0.52 Bq/kg for (239+240)Pu. Radionuclides in creek sediment samples were an order of magnitude lower than in soils. (137)Cs and (239+240)Pu activity concentration in soils were well correlated (r(2) = 0.80) although some deviation was observed in samples collected at higher elevations. Soil ratios of (137)Cs/(239+240)Pu (decay corrected to 1/1/2014) ranged from 11.5 to 52.1 (average = 37.0 ± 12.4) and showed more variability than previous studies. (240)Pu/(239)Pu atom ratios ranged from 0.117 to 0.165 with an average of 0.146 (±0.013) and an error weighted mean of 0.138 (±0.001). These ratios are lower than a previously reported ratio for Sydney, and lower than the global average. However, these ratios are similar to those reported for other sites within Australia that are located away from former weapons testing sites and indicate that atom ratio measurements from other parts of the world are unlikely to be applicable to the Australian context.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Smith
- GeoQuEST, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - D P Child
- Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - D Fierro
- Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - J J Harrison
- Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - H Heijnis
- Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - M A C Hotchkis
- Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - M P Johansen
- Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - S Marx
- GeoQuEST, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - T E Payne
- Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - A Zawadzki
- Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
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Ndaba B, Chiyanzu I, Marx S. n-Butanol derived from biochemical and chemical routes: A review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 8:1-9. [PMID: 28352567 PMCID: PMC4980751 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, bio-butanol is produced with the ABE (Acetone Butanol Ethanol) process using Clostridium species to ferment sugars from biomass. However, the route is associated with some disadvantages such as low butanol yield and by-product formation (acetone and ethanol). On the other hand, butanol can be directly produced from ethanol through aldol condensation over metal oxides/ hydroxyapatite catalysts. This paper suggests that the chemical conversion route is more preferable than the ABE process, because the reaction proceeds more quickly compared to the fermentation route and fewer steps are required to get to the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ndaba
- Focus area: Energy system, School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - I Chiyanzu
- Focus area: Energy system, School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - S Marx
- Focus area: Energy system, School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Marx S, Einhauser W. Reward directly modulates perception in binocular rivalry. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Marx S, Chiyanzu I, Piyo N. Influence of reaction atmosphere and solvent on biochar yield and characteristics. Bioresour Technol 2014; 164:177-183. [PMID: 24859208 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Sunflower husks were converted to biochar via thermochemical liquefaction in different solvents and reaction atmospheres. Highest biochar yields obtained was 574 g kg(-1) husks. Surface area of the produced chars and evolution of aromatic compounds in the biochar structure increased with an increase in temperature. Volatile matter and N-content decreased and S-content decreased significantly with an increase in temperature which is favourable should the biochars be used for combustion. The HHV of the biochars were significantly higher than that of the feedstock as was also indicated by the energy densification ratio. The biochars compared favourable with coal on a Van Krevelen diagram, showing the possibility of the biochars for application in co-gasification. CO2 performed better in retaining the energy of the feedstock in the biochar (up to 58%). It was shown that sunflower husks are a viable feedstock for the production of biochars for application in co-gasification or combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marx
- Focus Area: Energy Systems, School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | - I Chiyanzu
- Focus Area: Energy Systems, School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - N Piyo
- Focus Area: Energy Systems, School of Chemical and Minerals Engineering, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Reyes-Bahamonde J, Raimann JG, Canaud B, Etter M, Kooman JP, Levin NW, Marcelli D, Marelli C, Power A, Van Der Sande FM, Thijssen S, Usvyat LA, Wang Y, Kotanko P, Blank PR, Szucs TD, Gibertoni D, Torroni S, Mandreoli M, Rucci P, Fantini MP, Santoro A, Van Der Veer SN, Nistor I, Bernaert P, Bolignano D, Brown EA, Covic A, Farrington K, Kooman J, Macias J, Mooney A, Van Munster BC, Van Den Noortgate N, Topinkova E, Wirnsberger G, Jager KJ, Van Biesen W, Stubnova V, Os I, Grundtvig M, Waldum B, Wu HY, Peng YS, Wu MS, Chu TS, Chien KL, Hung KY, Wu KD, Carrero JJ, Huang X, Sui X, Ruiz JR, Hirth V, Ortega FB, Blair SN, Coppolino G, Bolignano D, Rivoli L, Presta P, Mazza G, Fuiano G, Marx S, Petrilla A, Hengst N, Lee WC, Ruggajo P, Skrunes R, Svarstad E, Skjaerven R, Reisaether AV, Vikse BE, Fujii N, Hamano T, Akagi S, Watanabe T, Imai E, Nitta K, Akizawa T, Matsuo S, Makino H, Scalzotto E, Corradi V, Nalesso F, Zaglia T, Neri M, Martino F, Zanella M, Brendolan A, Mongillo M, Ronco C, Occelli F, Genin M, Deram A, Glowacki F, Cuny D, Mansurova I, Alchinbayev M, Malikh MA, Song S, Shin MJ, Rhee H, Yang BY, Kim I, Seong EY, Lee DW, Lee SB, Kwak IS, Isnard Bagnis C, Speyer E, Beauger D, Caille Y, Baudelot C, Mercier S, Jacquelinet C, Gentile SM, Briancon S, Yu TM, Li CY, Krivoshiev S, Borissova AM, Shinkov A, Svinarov D, Vlachov J, Koteva A, Dakovska L, Mihaylov G, Popov A, Polner K, Mucsi I, Braunitzer H, Kiss A, Nadasdi Z, Haris A, Zdrojewski L, Zdrojewski T, Rutkowski B, Minami S, Hesaka A, Yamaguchi S, Iwahashi E, Sakai S, Fujimoto T, Sasaki K, Fujita Y, Yokoyama K, Dey V, Farrah T, Traynor J, Spalding E, Robertson S, Geddes CC, Mann MC, Hobbs A, Hemmelgarn BR, Roberts D, Ahmed SB, Rabi D, Elewa U, Fernandez B, Alegre ER, Mahillo I, Egido J, Ortiz A, Marx S, Pomerantz D, Vietri J, Zewinger S, Speer T, Kleber ME, Scharnagl H, Woitas R, Pfahler K, Seiler S, Heine GH, Lepper PM, Marz W, Silbernagel G, Fliser D, Caldararu CD, Gliga ML, Tarta ID, Szanto A, Carlan O, Dogaru GA, Battaglia Y, Del Prete MA, De Gregorio MG, Errichiello C, Gisonni P, Russo L, Scognamiglio B, Storari A, Russo D, Kuma A, Serino R, Miyamoto T, Tamura M, Otsuji Y, Kung LF, Naito S, Iimori S, Okado T, Rai T, Uchida S, Sasaki S, Kang YU, Kim HY, Choi JS, Kim CS, Bae EH, Ma SK, Kim SW, Muthuppalaniappan VM, Byrne C, Sheaff M, Rajakariar R, Blunden M, Delmas Y, Loirat C, Muus P, Legendre C, Douglas K, Hourmant M, Herthelius M, Trivelli A, Goodship T, Bedrosian CL, Licht C, Marks A, Black C, Clark L, Prescott G, Robertson L, Simpson W, Simpson W, Fluck N, Wang SL, Hsu YH, Pai HC, Chang YM, Liu WH, Hsu CC, Shvetsov M, Nagaytseva S, Gerasimov A, Shalyagin Y, Ivanova E, Shilov E, Zhang Y, Zuo W, Marx S, Manthena S, Newmark J, Zdrojewski L, Rutkowski M, Zdrojewski T, Bandosz P, Gaciong Z, Solnica B, Rutkowski B, Wyrzykowski B, Ensergueix G, Karras A, Levi C, Chauvet S, Trivin C, Ficheux M, Augusto JF, Boudet R, Chambaraud T, Boudou-Rouquette P, Tubiana-Mathieu N, Aldigier JC, Jacquot C, Essig M, Thervet E, Oh YJ, Lee CS, Malho Guedes A, Silva AP, Goncalves C, Sampaio S, Morgado E, Santos V, Bernardo I, Leao Neves P, Onuigbo M, Agbasi N. CKD GENERAL AND CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 1. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Davids MR, Marais N, Jacobs J, Cohen E, Krause I, Goldberg E, Garty M, Krause I, Dursun B, Sahan Y, Tanriverdi H, Rota S, Uslu S, Senol H, Minutolo R, Gabbai FB, Agarwal R, Chiodini P, Borrelli S, Stanzione G, Nappi F, Bellizzi V, Conte G, De Nicola L, Van De Walle J, Johnson S, Fremeaux-Bacchi V, Ardissino G, Ariceta G, Beauchamp J, Cohen D, Greenbaum LA, Ogawa M, Schaefer F, Licht C, Scalzotto E, Nalesso F, Zaglia T, Corradi V, Neri M, Martino F, Zanella M, Brendolan A, Mongillo M, Ronco C, Chinnappa S, Mooney A, El Nahas AM, Tu YK, Tan LB, Jung JY, Kim AJ, Ro H, Lee C, Chang JH, Lee HH, Chung W, Clarke AL, Young HM, Hull KL, Hudson N, Burton JO, Smith AC, Marx S, Petrilla A, Filipovic I, Lee WC, Meijers B, Poesen R, Storr M, Claes K, Kuypers D, Evenepoel P, Aukland M, Clarke AL, Hull KL, Burton JO, Smith AC, Betriu A, Martinez-Alonso M, Arcidiacono MV, Cannata-Andia J, Pascual J, Valdivielso JM, Fernandez-Giraldez E, Kingswood JC, Zonnenberg B, Sauter M, Zakar G, Biro B, Besenczi B, Varga A, Pekacs P, Pizzini P, Pisano A, Leonardis D, Panuccio V, Cutrupi S, Tripepi G, Mallamaci F, Zoccali C, Arnold J, Baharani J, Rayner H, So BH, Blackwell S, Jardine AG, Macgregor MS, Cunha C, Barreto P, Pereira S, Ventura A, Mota M, Seabra J, Sakaguchi T, Kobayashi S, Yano T, Yoshimoto W, Bancu I, Bonal Bastons J, Cleries Escayola M, Vela Vallespin E, Bustins Poblet M, Magem Luque D, Pastor Fabregas M, Chen JH, Chen SC, Chang JM, Hwang SJ, Chen HC, Ahbap E, Kara E, Basturk T, Sahutoglu T, Koc Y, Sakaci T, Sevinc M, Akgol C, Ozagari AA, Unsal A, Minami S, Hesaka A, Yamaguchi S, Iwahashi E, Sakai S, Fujimoto T, Sasaki K, Fujita Y, Yokoyama K, Marks A, Fluck N, Prescott G, Robertson L, Smith WC, Black C, Ohsawa M, Fujioka T, Omori S, Isurugi T, Tanno K, Onoda T, Omama S, Ishibashi Y, Makita S, Okayama A, Garland JS, Simpson CS, Metangi MF, Parfrey B, Johri AM, Sloan L, McAuley J, Cunningham R, Mullan R, Quinn M, Harron C, Chiu H, Murphy-Burke D, Werb R, Jung B, Chan-Yan C, Duncan J, Forzley B, Lowry R, Hargrove G, Carson R, Levin A, Karim M, Reznik EV, Storozhakov GIV, Rollino C, Troiano M, Bagatella M, Liuzzo C, Quarello F, Roccatello D, Blaslov K, Bulum T, Prka In I, Duvnjak L, Heleniak Z, Ciepli ska M, Szychli ski T, Pryczkowska M, Bartosi ska E, Wiatr H, Kot owska H, Tylicki L, Rutkowski B, Song YR, Kim SGK, Kim HJ, Noh JW, Tong A, Jesudason S, Craig JC, Winkelmayer WC, Hung PH, Huang YT, Hsiao CY, Sung PS, Guo HR, Tsai KJ, Wu CC, Su SL, Kao SY, Lu KC, Lin YF, Lin WH, Lee HM, Cheng MF, Wang WM, Yang LY, Wang MC, Vukovic Lela I, Sekoranja M, Poljicanin T, Karanovic S, Abramovic M, Matijevic V, Stipancic Z, Leko N, Cvitkovic A, Dika Z, Kos J, Laganovic M, Grollman AP, Jelakovic B, Dryl-Rydzynska T, Prystacki T, Malyszko J, Trifiro G, Sultana J, Giorgianni F, Ingrasciotta Y, Muscianisi M, Tari DU, Perrotta M, Buemi M, Canale V, Arcoraci V, Santoro D, Rizzo M, Iheanacho I, Van Nooten FE, Goldsmith D, Grandtnerova B, Berat ova Z, ErvenOva M, cErven J, Markech M, tefanikova A, Engelen W, Elseviers M, Gheuens E, Colson C, Muyshondt I, Daelemans R. CKD GENERAL AND CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Hedrich R, Barbier-Brygoo H, Felle H, Flügge UI, Lüttge U, Maathuis FJM, Marx S, Prins HBA, Raschke K, Schnabl H, Schroeder JI, Struve I, Taiz L, Ziegler P. General Mechanisms for Solute Transport Across the Tonoplast of Plant Vacuoles: a Patch-Clamp Survey of Ion Channels and Proton Pumps. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.1988.tb00003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Orbach A, Bassan-Levin T, Dan P, Hihinashvilli B, Marx S. Utilizing glycogen synthase kinase-3β as a marker for the diagnosis of graft-versus-host disease. Transplant Proc 2014; 45:2051-5. [PMID: 23769106 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a deadly complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Timely diagnosis is critical, because mortality rates for GVHD are high, increasing with disease severity. A diagnostic tool to predict GVHD before the onset of clinical symptoms could save many lives. On the cellular level, GVHD occurs when T cells from the transplant attack the tissues of the host, after perceiving them to be foreign. T-cell proliferation occurs even before clinical symptoms appear. Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β is a protein which regulates proliferation in many cell types including T-cells. GSK-3β has never been directly connected with GVHD and we applied GSK-3β as a novel marker for GVHD prediction, seeking herein to determine whether GSK-3β can be utilized as a marker for the early diagnosis of GVHD. METHODS For the mouse model of acute GVHD, irradiated mice underwent allogeneic splenocyte transplantation and GSK-3β expression levels and phosphorylation states were monitored in harvested spleens by western blot. FACS analysis was used to measure the number of T cells within the harvested spleens. RESULTS Mice developed observable GVHD symptoms by day 5 post-transplantation, with severe symptoms on day 6 requiring mice to be killed for humane reasons. A significantly increased number of T cells in the allogeneic mice correlated with GVHD development. GSK-3β protein expression levels and phosphorylation levels were significantly lower in allogeneic (GVHD) mice compared with negative (untreated) and positive (syngeneic transplant; non-GVHD) controls over time. CONCLUSION GSK-3β was directly connected with the onset and progression of GVHD. Therefore, it can be utilized as a marker for GVHD diagnosis in animals and potentially in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Orbach
- Marx Biotechnology, Research and Development, Jerusalem, Israel
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Marx S, Adu Smith D, Abel MJ, Zehentbauer T, Meijer G, Santambrogio G. Imaging cold molecules on a chip. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:243007. [PMID: 24483656 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.243007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present the integrated imaging of cold molecules in a microchip environment. The on-chip detection is based on resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization, which is quantum state selective and generally applicable. We demonstrate and characterize time-resolved spatial imaging and subsequently use it to analyze the effect of a phase-space manipulation sequence aimed at compressing the velocity distribution of a molecular ensemble with a view to future high-resolution spectroscopic studies. The realization of such on-chip measurements adds the final fundamental component to the molecule chip, offering a new and promising route for investigating cold molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marx
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - D Adu Smith
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - M J Abel
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - T Zehentbauer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - G Meijer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany and Radboud University of Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heijendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - G Santambrogio
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Marx S, Gruenhage G, Walper D, Rutishauser U, Einhauser W. Winner-take-all circuits exhibit key hallmarks of binocular rivalry. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Klatt JC, Heiland M, Marx S, Hanken H, Schmelzle R, Pohlenz P. Clinical indication for intraoperative 3D imaging during open reduction of fractures of the mandibular angle. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2013; 41:e87-90. [PMID: 23333491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2012.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This retrospective study investigated 3-dimensional (3D) imaging with intraoperative Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in Mandibular Angle Fractures (MAF) treated by open reduction. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the image quality of intraoperative CBCT in this region and the benefit for the patients. METHODS 83 patients with 86 MAF were included in this study. 8 patients were female and 75 male. Patient age ranged from 11 to 68 years (average age 26.8 years). All patients were examined with the mobile CBCT scanner ARCADIS Orbic 3D (Siemens Medical Solutions, Erlangen, Germany) directly after surgical treatment of the MAF. RESULTS As a direct result of intraoperative CBCT four patients (5%) underwent intraoperative revision. The intraoperative acquisition of the data sets was uncomplicated and in all cases it was possible to effectively visualise and assess the MAF in 3D quality. CONCLUSION The results showed that intraoperative CBCT is a reliable imaging technique for real-time intraoperative assessment of treated MAF. Use of the mobile 3D CBCT scanner is easy to integrate into routine practice and offers the advantage that immediate revision surgery can be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Christoph Klatt
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Hoffmann LS, Etzrodt J, Marx S, Friebe A, Pfeifer A. Central role of soluble guanylyl cyclase/cGMP signaling in adipocytes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1330806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Harenberg J, Marx S, Diener HC, Lip GYH, Marder VJ, Wehling M, Weiss C. Comparison of efficacy and safety of dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation using network meta-analysis. INT ANGIOL 2012; 31:330-339. [PMID: 22801398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM A network meta-analysis of the three new oral anticoagulants was performed from the three trials comparing dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. METHODS Data were extracted of the RE-LY study of dabigatran 110 mg bid and dabigatran 150 mg bid, the ROCKET AF trial of rivaroxaban and the ARISTOTLE trial of apixaban for the composite outcome of ischemic stroke and systemic embolism, for major bleeding, intracerebral bleeding, mortality and myocardial infarction. RESULTS Dabigatran (150 mg bid) showed superior efficacy in preventing ischemic stroke plus systemic embolism to dabigatran (110 mg bid, P=0.0364) and rivaroxaban (P=0.0388). Apixaban had equivalent efficacy with rivaroxaban and dabigatran (either dose). Apixaban was safer (less major bleeding) than dabigatran (150 mg bid, P=0.036) or rivaroxaban (P=0.0002). Intracerebral hemorrhage occurred with equal frequency for all agents except for rivaroxaban (higher risk than dabigatran 110 mg bid, P=0.0070). Myocardial infarction occurred less frequently with rivaroxaban and apixaban compared to either dose of dabigatran (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION All-cause mortality was not different for any agent or regimen. In the absence of head-to-head comparisons, this network meta-analysis suggests that apixaban and dabigatran 110 mg bid may offer the best benefit-risk balance for stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Dabigatran 150 mg bid may be preferred for patients with a high risk for embolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Harenberg
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Germany.
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Harenberg J, Marx S, Weiss C, Krämer R, Samama M, Schulman S. Report of the Subcommittee of Control of Anticoagulation on the determination of the anticoagulant effects of rivaroxaban. J Thromb Haemost 2012; 10:1433-6. [PMID: 22947062 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04784.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Harenberg
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Mannheim, Germany.
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Köster U, Calzavara Y, Fuard S, Samuel M, Dorrer H, Zhernosekov K, Harfensteller M, Marx S, Jensen M. 319 RADIOISOTOPE PRODUCTION AT THE HIGH FLUX REACTOR OF INSTITUT LAUE LANGEVIN. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)70279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Fuldeore M, Chwalisz K, Marx S, Wu N, Boulanger L, Ma L, Lamothe K. Surgical procedures and their cost estimates among women with newly diagnosed endometriosis: a US database study. J Med Econ 2011; 14:115-23. [PMID: 21222565 DOI: 10.3111/13696998.2010.549532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This descriptive study assessed the rate and costs of surgical procedures among newly diagnosed endometriosis patients. METHODS Utilizing the Medstat MarketScan database, commercially insured women aged 18-45 with endometriosis newly diagnosed during 2006-2007 were identified. Each endometriosis patient was matched to four women without endometriosis (population controls) based on age and region of residence. Surgical procedures received during the 12 months post-diagnosis were assessed. Costs of surgical procedures were the amount paid by the insurance companies. RESULTS This study identified 15,891 women with newly diagnosed endometriosis and 63,564 population controls. More than 65% of endometriosis patients received an endometriosis-related surgical procedure within 1 year of the initial diagnosis. The most common procedure was therapeutic laparoscopy (31.6%), followed by abdominal hysterectomy (22.1%) and vaginal hysterectomy (6.8%). Prevalence and type of surgery performed varied by patient age, including a hysterectomy rate of approximately 16% in patients younger than 35 and 37% among patients aged 35-45 years. Average costs ranged from $4,289 (standard deviation [SD]: $3,313) for diagnostic laparoscopy to $11,397 (SD: $8,749) for abdominal hysterectomy. LIMITATIONS Diagnosis of endometriosis cannot be validated against medical records, and information on the severity of endometriosis-related symptoms is not available in administrative claims data. CONCLUSIONS Over 65% of patients had endometriosis-related surgical procedures, including hysterectomy, within 1 year of being diagnosed with endometriosis. The cost of surgical procedures related to endometriosis places a significant financial burden on the healthcare system.
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Silva V, Pita Barros P, Lourenco O, Batel Marques F, Martinez-Salazar J, Palumbo A, De La Fuente P, Rodriguez M, Sanchez F, Lizan C, Marqueta J, Espallardo O, Lizan L, Polanco C, Paz S, Haagen EC, Nelen WLDM, Hermens RPMG, Adang EM, Grol RPTM, Kremer JAM, Pinborg A, Hougaard CO, Nyboe Andersen A, Kragh Andersen P, Boivin J, Schmidt L, Moolenaar L, Broekmans FB, van de Veen F, Fauser BCJM, Hompes P, Mol BW, Porcu - Buisson G, Lehert P, Chabert - Orsini V, Giorgetti C, Shirkavand A, Sedigh Sarvestani R, Ezabadi Z, Omani Samani R, Silva Carvalho JL, Santos A, Tabuas I, Braga DPAF, Setti AS, Figueira RCS, Queiroz P, Iaconelli A, Borges E, Fuldeore M, Wu N, Boulanger L, Chwalisz K, Marx S, Scaravelli G, De luca R, D'Aloja P, Vigiliano V, Mayorga JM, Bolli S, Spoletini R, Fiaccavento S, Monzo A, Flores R, Aniorte S, Rubio JM, Peinado I, Pellicer A, Woodward BJ, Sohan K, Dahl E, Ziegler A, Horlbeck S, Strowitzki T, Eggert-Kruse W, Padhy N, Mahla A, Balasubramanyam S, Varma TR, Yellamareddygari S, Willett MJ, Batra S, Farquhar C, Wang YA, Sullivan AE. Posters * Demography, Epidemiology, Registries, and Health Economy. Hum Reprod 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/de.25.s1.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Marx S, Cimniak U, Beckert R, Schwerla F, Resch KL. [Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Influence of osteopathic treatment - a randomized controlled study]. Urologe A 2010; 48:1339-45. [PMID: 19705093 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-009-2088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostatitis is the most common urological disease in males under [corrected] the age of 50 years old. As bacteria are detected in only <5% of cases the disease can mostly be classified as chronic nonbacterial prostatitis. The symptoms of this problem complex, often described as chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP-CPPS), seem to be multifactorial so that an improvement can only rarely be achieved with conventional forms of therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The aim of this study was to investigate whether osteopathic treatment can influence the symptoms of CP-CPPS (randomized controlled study, 5 sessions, follow-up after 6 weeks and 1.5 years without treatment). The study was carried out in a practice for osteopathy. Patients were recruited by referral from urologists, newspaper articles and lectures on the topic. A total of 35 males with medically diagnosed CP-CPPS aged 29-70 years old took part in the study. Of the patients 20 were allocated to the treatment group and 15 to the placebo group whereby 2 patients had to retire from the study prematurely. Patients in the treatment group received 5 osteopathic treatment sessions separated by 1 week at the beginning and by up to 3 weeks at the end (total period 8 weeks). The osteopathic dysfunctions of the patients were treated according to the principles of osteopathy. The placebo treatment in the control group consisted of a training program with simple gymnastic and physiotherapeutic exercises. Improvements of the complaints by urination (LUTS), chronic pelvic pain (CPPS) and quality of life (QOL) were measured using the questionnaires for international prostate symptom score (IPSS), the National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom index (NIH-CPSI) and the quality of life index (QOL). RESULTS Comparison of the results from the osteopathy and placebo groups revealed statistically significant differences in favor of the osteopathy group (p<0.0005). During the study period the average IPSS in the osteopathy group improved from 19.7 to 10.3 points (48%, p<0.0005), the NIH from 26.0 to 12.0 (54%; p<0.0005) and the QOL from 4.4 to 1.9 points (58%, p<0.0005). In contrast the corresponding values in the placebo group remained relatively constant. At the follow-up 6 weeks after the last session the improvements in the osteopathy group were found to be stabile and remained so at least up to the second follow-up after 1.5 years. CONCLUSIONS The positive results of this study indicate that osteopathic treatment can be considered a genuine alternative to the conventional treatment of CP-CPPS and a closer cooperation between urologists/internists and osteopaths would be desirable. Further studies with larger numbers of patients should be carried out to substantiate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marx
- Praxis Osteopathie und Naturheilkunde, Alte Talstrasse, Esslingen, Deutschland.
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Marx S, Cimniak U, Beckert R, Schwerla F, Resch K. Erratum zu: Chronische Prostatitis/chronisches Beckenschmerzsyndrom – Einfluss osteopathischer Behandlungen. Urologe A 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00120-009-2214-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Hartmeier
- Aachen University of Technology, Dept. of Biotechnology, D-52056, Aachen
| | - M. Reiss
- Aachen University of Technology, Dept. of Biotechnology, D-52056, Aachen
| | - M. Heidel
- Hohenheim University, Institute of Food Technology, D-70593, Stuttgart
| | - S. Marx
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Plant Sciences, CH-8092, Zürich
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Vo P, Marx S, Penles L. (374) Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients experiencing acute and chronic pain: Results from a survey of 606 pain patients in the United States. The Journal of Pain 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.01.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Marx S, Everson RC, Neomagus HWJP. Organic‐Organic Separation by Pervaporation. II. Separation of Methanol from Tame by an α‐Alumina Supported Nay‐Zeolite Membrane. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2005. [DOI: 10.1081/ss-200051955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Rahmanian P, Franke U, Breuer M, Nagib R, Wittwer T, Marx S, Wahlers T. Mid-term results of microwave ablation in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-862131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Feingold D, Alexander HR, Chen C, Libutti SK, Shawker T, Simonds W, Spiegel A, Marx S, Skarulis MC, Doppman JL, Bartlett DL. Ultrasonography and sestamibi as the only preoperative imaging tests in reoperation for parathyroid adenoma. Br J Surg 2002. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2168.2000.01601-38.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Various non-invasive and invasive tests are used for the localization of parathyroid adenomas in the reoperative setting. To help determine the most efficient algorithm for the evaluation of these patients, use of a combination of ultrasonography and sestamibi as the only preoperative imaging tests was explored.
Methods
This was an analysis of outcomes of 62 consecutive patients (21 men; mean age 55 years) treated between January 1995 and May 1999, and referred for persistent hyperparathyroidism after one (n = 47) or more (n = 15) previous explorations at which no abnormal parathyroid glands were found. While all patients underwent ultrasonography (all interpreted by one radiologist), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging and sestamibi, the success of localization and reoperation was analysed using only the results of ultrasonography and sestamibi. Intraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) was available in all cases.
Results
Sixty-one patients (98 per cent) had curative reoperations with solitary adenomas confirmed pathologically. One adenoma was not found at operation. Forty-six adenomas (74 per cent) were ectopic including 14 in the tracheo-oesophageal groove and 12 in the anterior mediastinum. The sensitivity, positive predictive value and accuracy for ultrasonography were 91, 87 and 84 per cent respectively; the corresponding values for sestamibi were 75, 94 and 71 per cent. In 58 (94 per cent) of 62 patients preoperative ultrasonography and/or sestamibi accurately identified the adenoma. In three patients cured by operation, in whom combined ultrasonography and sestamibi was inaccurate, one gland was found by IOUS in strap muscle, one by blind cervical thymectomy and one by sternotomy based on CT findings. Thirty-seven patients (60 per cent) underwent IOUS. In nine of these patients IOUS was essential in guiding resection of the adenomas.
Conclusion
This study supports an algorithm of obtaining ultrasonography and sestamibi as the initial and perhaps only preoperative localization tests for patients with persistent hyperparathyroidism after failed operation at which no abnormal glands were found. Using this algorithm, reoperation should be successful in almost 95 per cent of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Feingold
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - H R Alexander
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - C Chen
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - S K Libutti
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - T Shawker
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - W Simonds
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - A Spiegel
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - S Marx
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - M C Skarulis
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - J L Doppman
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - D L Bartlett
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Abstract
A novel polymer, poly(procainamide), PPA, containing numerous binding sites for cholinesterases was synthesized as a recognition layer for butyryl cholinesterase (BuChE) interaction with the ligand procainamide, utilizing TSM and SPR sensors. The polymer was synthesized by the reaction of methacryloyl chloride and procainamide followed by radical polymerization. Sensor surfaces (Au or SiO(2)) were spin-coated by the polymer solution to form thin layers. Binding of BuChE was found to be sensitive to the drying procedure of the polymer layer. The binding of BuChE to the polymer coated sensors was monitored on-line by following the response of thickness shear mode (TSM) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors. Binding of BuChE to PPA-coated TSM sensors were shown to follow a Langmuir isotherm giving association constant 3.4x10(6) M(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marx
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research, P.O. Box 19, Ness-Ziona 70450, Israel
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De Kievit TR, Gillis R, Marx S, Brown C, Iglewski BH. Quorum-sensing genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: their role and expression patterns. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001; 67:1865-73. [PMID: 11282644 PMCID: PMC92808 DOI: 10.1128/aem.67.4.1865-1873.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acylated homoserine lactone molecules are used by a number of gram-negative bacteria to regulate cell density-dependent gene expression by a mechanism known as quorum sensing (QS). In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, QS or cell-to-cell signaling controls expression of a number of virulence factors, as well as biofilm differentiation. In this study, we investigated the role played by the las and rhl QS systems during the early stages of static biofilm formation when cells are adhering to a surface and forming microcolonies. These studies revealed a marked difference in biofilm formation between the PAO1 parent and the QS mutants when glucose, but not citrate, was used as the sole carbon source. To further elucidate the contribution of lasI and rhlI to biofilm maturation, we utilized fusions to unstable green fluorescent protein in concert with confocal microscopy to perform real-time temporal and spatial studies of these genes in a flowing environment. During the course of 8-day biofilm development, lasI expression was found to progressively decrease over time. Conversely, rhlI expression remained steady throughout biofilm development but occurred in a lower percentage of cells. Spatial analysis revealed that lasI and rhlI were maximally expressed in cells located at the substratum and that expression decreased with increasing biofilm height. Because QS was shown previously to be involved in biofilm differentiation, these findings have important implications for the design of biofilm prevention and eradication strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R De Kievit
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Dunn
- North Country Aging Services, Edina, Minnesota, USA
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Scannell AG, Hill C, Ross RP, Marx S, Hartmeier W, Arendt EK. Continuous production of lacticin 3147 and nisin using cells immobilized in calcium alginate. J Appl Microbiol 2000; 89:573-9. [PMID: 11054159 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01149.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriocinogenic strains, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis DPC 3147 and L. lactis DPC 496, producing lacticin 3147 and nisin, respectively, were immobilized in double-layered calcium alginate beads. These beads were inoculated into MRS broth at a ratio of 1:4 and continuously fermented for 180 h. Free cells were used to compare the effect of immobilization on bacteriocin production. After equilibrium was reached, a flow rate of 580 ml h(-1) was used in the immobilized cell (IC), and 240 ml h(-1) in free-cell (FC) bioreactors. Outgrowth from beads was observed after 18 h. Bacteriocin production peaked at 5120 AU ml(-1) in both IC and FC bioreactors. However, FC production declined after 80 h to 160 AU ml(-1) at the end of the fermentation. Results of this study indicate that immobilization offers the possibility of a more stable and long-term means of producing lacticin 3147 in laboratory media than with free cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Scannell
- Department of Food Technology, National Food Biotechnology Centre, University College, Cork, Ireland.
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Scannell AG, Hill C, Ross RP, Marx S, Hartmeier W, Arendt K. Development of bioactive food packaging materials using immobilised bacteriocins lacticin 3147 and nisaplin. Int J Food Microbiol 2000; 60:241-9. [PMID: 11016613 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1605(00)00314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Immobilisation of the bacteriocins nisin and lacticin 3147 to packaging materials was investigated. Stability of both cellulose-based bioactive inserts and anti-microbial polyethylene/polyamide pouches was examined over time. Anti-microbial activity against the indicator strain Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis HP, in addition to Listeria innocua DPC 1770 and Staphylococcus aureus MMPR3 was observed for all bacteriocin-adsorbed materials. Activity retention of the inserts showed an initial decrease in the first week of storage but remained stable for the remaining 3 months of the trial. However, adsorption of lacticin 3147 to plastic film was unsuccessful, nisin bound well and the resulting film maintained its activity for 3-month period, both at room temperature and under refrigeration. When applied to food systems, the anti-microbial packaging reduced the population of lactic acid bacteria in sliced cheese and ham stored in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) at refrigeration temperatures, thus extending the shelf life. Nisin-adsorbed bioactive inserts reduced levels of Listeria innocua by > or = 2 log units in both products, and Staphylococcus aureus by approximately 1.5 log units in cheese, and approximately 2.8 log units in ham. Similar reductions were observed in cheese vacuum-packaged in nisin-adsorbed pouches.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Scannell
- Department of Food Technology, Universiry College, Cork, Ireland.
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Abstract
The study was prompted by the report of Ruiz E. & Tejerina T., 1998 describing endothelium-independent relaxation by L-citrulline via activation of particulate guanylate cyclase. We compared the effects of L-citrulline and L-arginine in isolated aortic rings of rats and in isolated aortic, carotid and femoral artery rings of rabbits. No significant relaxation to either L-citrulline or L-arginine was found in the concentration range of 10(-12) to 10(-3) M, while 3-morpholinosydnonimine hydrochloride (SIN-1, 10(-6) M) relaxed vascular tissues. This study does not support the conclusion that L-citrulline has direct vasorelaxing action on vascular smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marx
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Divisions of Reproductive Sciences and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, Texas, TX 77555-1062, USA
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Abstract
The effects of 3 different conditioning programmes on muscle glycogen concentration in horses were examined. Speed of exercise was selected according to the blood lactate values for each horse derived from a standardised exercise test before beginning a conditioning programme. Six 2-year-old Haflinger stallions were assigned randomly to one of 3 conditioning programmes according to a 6 x 3 latin square design: 45 min at their individual v1.5 or v2.5 and 25 min at v4. Each conditioning programme lasted 6 weeks (21 exercise sessions), followed by 5 weeks without conditioning (resting period). All exercise was carried out on a treadmill inclined at 17%. Muscle biopsies were taken 5 times from the gluteus medius muscle at 2 cm and 6 cm depth: before the start and in the middle of the conditioning period, then at Days 2, 9 and 35 after the last exercise session. It was found that glycogen concentration was not affected by conditioning until 9 days after finishing conditioning at v1.5 and v2.5 for 45 min (P < 0.05). By this time glycogen concentration in the muscle samples taken at 6 cm depth increased by 47 and 48%, respectively, and remained elevated until the end of the resting period. It was concluded that conditioning at lower intensity and for longer duration seemed to increase glycogen stores in the muscle while faster intensity but shorter duration exercise did not. To increase the likelihood of measuring effects of conditioning programmes on muscle variables, sampling should be done at different depths of a muscle and at several days after finishing a conditioning programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gansen
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Germany
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Gallo R, Padurean A, Jayaraman T, Marx S, Roque M, Adelman S, Chesebro J, Fallon J, Fuster V, Marks A, Badimon JJ. Inhibition of intimal thickening after balloon angioplasty in porcine coronary arteries by targeting regulators of the cell cycle. Circulation 1999; 99:2164-70. [PMID: 10217658 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.99.16.2164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is a highly effective procedure to reduce the severity of stenotic coronary atherosclerotic disease, its long-term success is significantly limited by the high rate of restenosis. Several cellular and molecular mechanisms have been implicated in the development of restenosis post-PTCA, including vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) activation, migration, and proliferation. Recently, our group demonstrated that rapamycin, an immunosuppressant agent with antiproliferative properties, inhibits both rat and human VSMC proliferation and migration in vitro. In the present study, we investigated (1) whether rapamycin administration could reduce neointimal thickening in a porcine model of restenosis post-PTCA and (2) the mechanism by which rapamycin inhibits VSMCs in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS PTCA was performed on a porcine model at a balloon/vessel ratio of 1.7+/-0.2. Coronary arteries were analyzed for neointimal formation 4 weeks after PTCA. Intramuscular administration of rapamycin started 3 days before PTCA at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg and continued for 14 days at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI) p27(kip1) protein levels and pRb phosphorylation within the vessel wall were determined by immunoblot analysis. PTCA in the control group was associated with the development of significant luminal stenosis 4 weeks after the coronary intervention. Luminal narrowing was a consequence of significant neointimal formation in the injured areas. Rapamycin administration was associated with a significant inhibition in coronary stenosis (63+/-3.4% versus 36+/-4.5%; P<0.001), resulting in a concomitant increase in luminal area (1.74+/-0.1 mm2 versus 3. 3+/-0.4 mm2; P<0.001) after PTCA. Inhibition of proliferation was associated with markedly increased concentrations of the p27(kip1) levels and inhibition of pRb phosphorylation within the vessel wall. CONCLUSIONS Rapamycin administration significantly reduced the arterial proliferative response after PTCA in the pig by increasing the level of the CDKI p27(kip1) and inhibition of the pRb phosphorylation within the vessel wall. Therefore, pharmacological interventions that elevate CDKI in the vessel wall and target cyclin-dependent kinase activity may have a therapeutic role in the treatment of restenosis after angioplasty in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gallo
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Laboratory, the Zena and Michael Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Abstract
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) consists of benign, and sometimes malignant, tumors (often multiple in a tissue) of the parathyroids, enteropancreatic neuroendocrine system, anterior pituitary, and other tissues. Skin angiofibromas and skin collagenomas are common. Typically, MEN1 tumors begin two decades earlier than sporadic tumors. Because of tumor multiplicity and the tendency for postoperative tumor recurrence, specialized methods have been developed for preoperative and intraoperative localization of many MEN1-associated tumors. The MEN1 gene was recently isolated by positional cloning. This strategy progressively narrows the size of the candidate MEN1 gene interval on the chromosome and then finds and tests many or, if needed, all genes within that interval. The MEN1 gene was finally identified because it was the one gene that contained mutations in most DNAs from a test panel of MEN1 cases. It has been suggested that MEN1, like many hereditary cancer syndromes, is caused by mutation in a tumor suppressor gene that contributes to neoplasia when both gene copies in a tumor precursor cell have been sequentially inactivated ("two-hit" oncogenesis mechanism). Germline MEN1 mutations were found in most families with MEN1 and in most cases of sporadic MEN1. In addition, the MEN1 gene was the gene most likely to show acquired mutation in several sporadic or nonhereditary tumors-parathyroid adenomas, gastrinomas, insulinomas, and bronchial carcinoids. Most germline or acquired MEN1 mutations predicted truncation (and thus likely inactivation) of the encoded protein, supporting expectations for the "first hit" to a tumor suppressor gene. Testing for MEN1 germline mutation is possible in a research setting. Candidates for MEN1 mutation testing include patients with MEN1 or its phenocopies and first-degree relatives of persons with MEN1.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marx
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Wesch D, Marx S, Kabelitz D. Monocyte-dependent death of freshly isolated T lymphocytes: induction by phorbolester and mitogens and differential effects of catalase. J Immunol 1998; 161:1248-56. [PMID: 9686585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Resting T cells are resistant to anti-Fas (CD95) mAb-mediated apoptosis but undergo apoptosis when triggered by anti-CD3 mAb or phorbolester PMA in the presence of PMA-activated monocytes. In this study, PMA, as well as the mitogens PHA and Con A, was found to induce death of resting T cells in the presence of autologous or allogeneic monocytes, while PWM was ineffective. Although several established monocytic and myelocytic cell lines were potent accessory cells for the mitogen-induced expansion of T lymphocytes, they all failed to replace plastic-adherent monocytes in the induction of monocyte-dependent cell death (MDCD) by PMA or PHA. CD45RA-positive cord blood T cells were as susceptible as peripheral blood T cells from adult donors to PMA-stimulated induction of MDCD. Using optimal concentrations of phorbolester, MDCD was inhibited neither by Fas-Fc fusion protein or neutralizing anti-Fas mAb, nor by inhibitors of IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE)-like proteases. In striking contrast, the H2O2 scavenger catalase completely prevented the PMA-stimulated T cell death, thereby revealing a potent mitogenic activity of PMA for human T cells in the presence of monocytes. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the accessory cell activity of monocytes/macrophages can be separated into "T cell death" and "T cell expansion" costimulatory functions, of which only the latter is mediated by established cell lines. Moreover, our results point to a pivotal role of reactive oxygen intermediates in the execution of MDCD triggered by PMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wesch
- Department of Immunology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Langen, Germany
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Seifried E, Bialleck H, Weber H, Kirchmaier CM, Waschk E, Marx S, Tschauder S, Roth WK. [Prevalence of hepatitis G virus genome in blood donors]. Beitr Infusionsther Transfusionsmed 1998; 34:11-5. [PMID: 9417332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The relevance of the GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) in blood banking results from its high prevalence in blood donors and the fact that it is present at a very high percentage (18%) in polytransfused and hemophiliac patients. Since there is no assay available for serological testing, we developed a sensitive PCR utilizing newly designed NS3 primers to investigate the prevalence in blood donors in Hessia. Testing 1,143 accepted blood donors with alaninaminotransferase (ALT) concentrations < 45 U/l we found 15 (1.3%) positive for GBV-C/HGV RNA. From 507 donors settling in urban Frankfurt areas, 10 (2.0%) were positive. Of those donors settling in rural hessian areas only 5/635 (0.8%) tested positive. By testing 100 excluded donors with ALT values > 45 U/l, 3% turned out to be positive. In 4 out of 9 recipients of GBV-C/HGV-positive blood products we detected the donor viral RNA as proved by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The virus was transmitted to 3 recipients by erythrocytes and to 1 recipient by platelets. Testing family members of the GBV-C/HGV-positive blood donors we could not detect any intrafamilial transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Seifried
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhämatologie, DRK Blutspendedienst Hessen, Deutschland
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Knauth HD, Schroeder F, Menzel R, Gebhart E, Marx S, Kohnke D, Holzkamm F, Nies H, Theobald N. Marine pollution network euromar-mermaid: Results of the experimental operation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02764047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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