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Ivić V, Zjalić M, Blažetić S, Fenrich M, Labak I, Scitovski R, Szűcs KF, Ducza E, Tábi T, Bagamery F, Szökő É, Vuković R, Rončević A, Mandić D, Debeljak Ž, Berecki M, Balog M, Seres-Bokor A, Sztojkov-Ivanov A, Hajagos-Tóth J, Gajović S, Imširović A, Bakula M, Mahiiovych S, Gaspar R, Vari SG, Heffer M. Elderly rats fed with a high-fat high-sucrose diet developed sex-dependent metabolic syndrome regardless of long-term metformin and liraglutide treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1181064. [PMID: 37929025 PMCID: PMC10623428 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1181064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim/Introduction The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of early antidiabetic therapy in reversing metabolic changes caused by high-fat and high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) in both sexes. Methods Elderly Sprague-Dawley rats, 45 weeks old, were randomized into four groups: a control group fed on the standard diet (STD), one group fed the HFHSD, and two groups fed the HFHSD along with long-term treatment of either metformin (HFHSD+M) or liraglutide (HFHSD+L). Antidiabetic treatment started 5 weeks after the introduction of the diet and lasted 13 weeks until the animals were 64 weeks old. Results Unexpectedly, HFHSD-fed animals did not gain weight but underwent significant metabolic changes. Both antidiabetic treatments produced sex-specific effects, but neither prevented the onset of prediabetes nor diabetes. Conclusion Liraglutide vested benefits to liver and skeletal muscle tissue in males but induced signs of insulin resistance in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedrana Ivić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Milorad Zjalić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Senka Blažetić
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Matija Fenrich
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Irena Labak
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Rudolf Scitovski
- School of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kálmán Ferenc Szűcs
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eszter Ducza
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tábi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina Bagamery
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Szökő
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rosemary Vuković
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Alen Rončević
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osijek University Hospital, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dario Mandić
- Clinical Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, Osijek University Hospital, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Željko Debeljak
- Clinical Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics, Osijek University Hospital, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Monika Berecki
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marta Balog
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Adrienn Seres-Bokor
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anita Sztojkov-Ivanov
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Hajagos-Tóth
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Srećko Gajović
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, and BIMIS - Biomedical Research Institute Šalata, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alen Imširović
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marina Bakula
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Osijek University Hospital, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Solomiia Mahiiovych
- Department of Therapy № 1 and Medical Diagnostics, Hematology and Transfusiology, Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Robert Gaspar
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sandor G. Vari
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Marija Heffer
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
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Kozak K, Pavlyshyn H, Kamyshnyi O, Shevchuk O, Korda M, Vari SG. The Relationship between COVID-19 Severity in Children and Immunoregulatory Gene Polymorphism. Viruses 2023; 15:2093. [PMID: 37896870 PMCID: PMC10612096 DOI: 10.3390/v15102093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and its outcomes remain one of the most challenging problems today. COVID-19 in children could be asymptomatic, but can result in a fatal outcome; therefore, predictions of the disease severity are important. The goal was to investigate the human genetic factors that could be associated with COVID-19 severity in children. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the following genes were studied: ACE2 (rs2074192), IFNAR2 (rs2236757), TYK2 (rs2304256), OAS1 (rs10774671), OAS3 (rs10735079), CD40 (rs4813003), FCGR2A (rs1801274) and CASP3 (rs113420705). In the case-control study were 30 children with mild or moderate course of the disease; 30 with severe COVID-19 symptoms and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and 15 who were healthy, and who did not have SARS-CoV-2 (PCR negative, Ig G negative). The study revealed that ACE2 rs2074192 (allele T), IFNAR2 rs2236757 (allele A), OAS1 rs10774671 (allele A), CD40 rs4813003 (allele C), CASP3 rs113420705 (allele C) and male sex contribute to severe COVID-19 course and MIS-C in 85.6% of cases. The World Health Organization reported that new SARS-CoV-2 variants may cause previously unseen symptoms in children. Although the study has limitations due to cohort size, the findings can help provide a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection and proactive pediatric patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Kozak
- Department of Pediatrics No. 2, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine;
| | - Halyna Pavlyshyn
- Department of Pediatrics No. 2, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine;
| | - Oleksandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine;
| | - Oksana Shevchuk
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine;
| | - Mykhaylo Korda
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine;
| | - Sandor G. Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars–Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
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Shevchuk O, Pak A, Palii S, Ivankiv Y, Kozak K, Korda M, Vari SG. Blood ACE2 Protein Level Correlates with COVID-19 Severity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13957. [PMID: 37762258 PMCID: PMC10530872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
ACE2's impact on the severity of COVID-19 is widely discussed but still controversial. To estimate its role in aspects of the main risk factors and comorbidities, we involved post-COVID-19 patients in Ternopil region (Ukraine). The recruitment period was from July 2020 to December 2021. Medical records, treatment modalities, and outcomes were recorded and analyzed. The serum human ACE2 protein was measured with Cusabio ELISA kits (Houston, TX, USA). Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS21.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The level of the ACE2 serum protein was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in patients with mild symptoms compared to a more severe course of the disease, and inversely had changed from 1 to 90 days after recovery. In patients with mild COVID-19, ACE2 levels significantly decreased over time, while among critical patients, it increased by 34.1 percent. Such results could be explained by ACE2 shedding from tissues into circulation. Loss of the membrane-bound form of the enzyme decreases the virus' entry into cells. Our studies did not identify a sex-related ACE2 serum level correlation. The most common comorbidities were hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, and diabetes mellitus. All abovementioned comorbidities except respiratory diseases contribute to the severity of the disease and correlate with ACE2 blood serum levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Shevchuk
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine; (A.P.); (S.P.); (Y.I.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Anastasia Pak
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine; (A.P.); (S.P.); (Y.I.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Svitlana Palii
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine; (A.P.); (S.P.); (Y.I.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Yana Ivankiv
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine; (A.P.); (S.P.); (Y.I.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Kateryna Kozak
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine; (A.P.); (S.P.); (Y.I.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Mykhaylo Korda
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine; (A.P.); (S.P.); (Y.I.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Sandor G. Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars–Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
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Buchynskyi M, Oksenych V, Kamyshna I, Vari SG, Kamyshnyi A. Genetic Predictors of Comorbid Course of COVID-19 and MAFLD: A Comprehensive Analysis. Viruses 2023; 15:1724. [PMID: 37632067 PMCID: PMC10459448 DOI: 10.3390/v15081724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and its potential impact on the severity of COVID-19 have gained significant attention during the pandemic. This review aimed to explore the genetic determinants associated with MAFLD, previously recognized as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and their potential influence on COVID-19 outcomes. Various genetic polymorphisms, including PNPLA3 (rs738409), GCKR (rs780094), TM6SF2 (rs58542926), and LYPLAL1 (rs12137855), have been investigated in relation to MAFLD susceptibility and progression. Genome-wide association studies and meta-analyses have revealed associations between these genetic variants and MAFLD risk, as well as their effects on lipid metabolism, glucose regulation, and liver function. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests a possible connection between these MAFLD-associated polymorphisms and the severity of COVID-19. Studies exploring the association between indicated genetic variants and COVID-19 outcomes have shown conflicting results. Some studies observed a potential protective effect of certain variants against severe COVID-19, while others reported no significant associations. This review highlights the importance of understanding the genetic determinants of MAFLD and its potential implications for COVID-19 outcomes. Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms linking these genetic variants to disease severity and to develop gene profiling tools for the early prediction of COVID-19 outcomes. If confirmed as determinants of disease severity, these genetic polymorphisms could aid in the identification of high-risk individuals and in improving the management of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykhailo Buchynskyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Valentyn Oksenych
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Iryna Kamyshna
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Sandor G. Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars–Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Aleksandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine
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Kuharić M, Ivić V, Zjalić M, Matić A, Drenjančević I, Vari SG, Včev A, Heffer M. HIPPOCAMPAL GANGLIOSIDE COMPOSITION IS ALTERED BY METFORMIN AND LIRAGLUTIDE TREATMENT IN A HIGH-FAT HIGH-SUGAR DIET RAT MODEL. Acta Clin Croat 2023; 62:184-192. [PMID: 38304364 PMCID: PMC10829952 DOI: 10.20471/acc.2023.62.01.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance has many deleterious effects on the central nervous system, including the initiation and potentiation of neurodegeneration. While the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease has been extensively researched with many insights into the effects of amyloids and neurofibrillary tangles, the connection between the two pathogenic entities has not yet been fully elucidated. Gangliosides are commonly found in neuronal membranes and myelin, specifically in lipid rafts that have been linked to pathological amyloidogenesis. In this study, 64 Sprague Dawley rats with equal sex distribution were separated into four sex-specific groups, as follows: control group on standard diet; group on high-fat, high-sugar diet (HFHSD); group on HFHSD treated with metformin; and group on HFHSD treated with liraglutide. Free-floating immunohistochemistry of the rat hippocampi was performed to analyze group-specific and sex-specific changes in the composition of the four most common gangliosides found in neuronal membranes and myelin sheaths, GM1, GD1a, GD1b and GT1b. The groups on HFHSD showed glucose tolerance impairment and body weight increase at the end of the experiment, whereas the groups treated with pharmacotherapeutics had better insulin sensitivity and decreases in body weight by the end of the experiment. Most changes were observed for GM1 and GD1b. Positive immunoreactivity for GM1 was observed in the male group treated with liraglutide in regions where it is not physiologically found. The changes observed following HFHSD and liraglutide treatment were suggestive of ganglioside restructuring that might have implications on pathological amyloidogenesis. Metformin treatment did not significantly alter the hippocampal ganglioside composition in either sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Kuharić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vedrana Ivić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Milorad Zjalić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anita Matić
- Department of Pathophysiology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ines Drenjančević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Sandor G Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aleksandar Včev
- Department of Pathophysiology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Heffer
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
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Boychuk AV, Yakymchuk YB, Shevchuk OО, Vari SG, Nikitina IM. PREGNANT WOMEN WITH COVID-19 AND PLACENTA ANGIOGENESIS. Pol Merkur Lekarski 2023; 51:441-447. [PMID: 38069843 DOI: 10.36740/merkur202305101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim of our research was to conduct a clinical and laboratory analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy and the condition of the fetus. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and Methods: At the first stage, we conducted a retrospective examination of 50 pregnant women treated at Ternopil Municipal Hospital No.2 (Ukraine) between November 2020 and January 2022 with the history of COVID-19, confirmed by PCR test, and 25 pregnant COVID-19 negative pregnant women (control group). At the second stage, we performed prospective cohort study and involved 40 pregnant women treated with the history of COVID-19, confirmed by PCR, and 10 pregnant COVID-19 negative women with a physiological course of pregnancy as a control group.Women were divided into the following groups: group I -10 women diagnosed with COVID-19 during the first trimester of pregnancy: group II-15 women diagnosed during the second trimester; group III-15 women diagnosed during the third trimester. Ultrasound examination and cardiotocograms were performed to assess fetus status. Blood samples were collected at delivery. To determine whether COVID-19 could alter placental angiogenesis, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), PlGF and interleuin-32-α were assessed. RESULTS Results: We identified that concentration of VEGFA was 95.30±5.65 pg/ml in control group. In women who had COVID-19 in first trimester, this index was 1.3 times higher, in second trimester 1.63 times higher and in third trimester by 2 times compared to control group. PlGF concentration was only 27,4 percent in group I, 16 percent in group II and 30 percent in group III,compared to control group. Concentration of interleuin-32-α was 67.27±5.63 pg/ml in control group and increased to 167 percent in group I, by 2.8 times in group II and by 6.3 times in group III compared to control group. CONCLUSION Conclusions: COVID-19 has a negative impact on placental angiogenesis, including VEGFA and PlGF. Fetal post-COVID-19 syndrome requires timely diagnosis of disorders and further study. Post-COVID-19 syndrome is an immune-dependent pathology in which the processes of protracted cytokine activation occur in the body of a pregnant woman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla V Boychuk
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
| | | | - Oksana О Shevchuk
- I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, TERNOPIL, UKRAINE
| | - Sandor G Vari
- INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN MEDICINE PROGRAM, CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER, LOS ANGELES, CA, USA
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Pokrovska N, Denysenko N, Fomenko I, Sklyarova H, Basylevych A, Sklyarov E, Vari SG, Kobylinska L. Galectin-3 in Blood Serum and Lymphocytes as a Marker of Myocardial Damage in Patients with Arterial Hypertension and COVID-19. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2023; 22:250-260. [PMID: 38178636 DOI: 10.2174/0118715230273606231103075632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The constant increase of arterial hypertension and the development of pathology at an earlier age are global healthcare problems that cause damage to vital organs and worsen patient prognosis. In recent years, studies have shown that galectin-3 plays a role in the development and progression of arterial hypertension and coronavirus disease (COVID-19). OBJECTIVE The explanatory research study aimed to analyze the prognostic value of galectin-3 determination in the serum blood and lymphocytes of patients with arterial hypertension and coronavirus disease (COVID-19). METHODS The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 consisted of 36 individuals with AH, Group 2 included 35 patients with arterial hypertension and polysegmental COVID-19 pneumonia, and 16 practically healthy individuals were included in the control group. All patients underwent anthropometry, biochemical blood analysis, determination of galectin-3, level in serum and lymphocytes, IL-1β, IL-6, and echocardiography. RESULTS The highest level of galectin-3 was found in patients of Group 1, while in patients of Group 2, the concentration of galectin-3 was significantly decreased, mostly due to the treatment of COVID-19, in addition to prolonged antihypertensive therapy. CONCLUSION The level of galectin-3 in serum and lymphocytes was significantly higher in patients of both groups compared to the control group (p<0.05). Arterial hypertension causes structural changes in the cardiovascular system that are associated with elevated levels of galectin-3 in serum and lymphocytes. It can be used as a marker of myocardial damage in the context of arterial hypertension and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Pokrovska
- Department of Therapy No. 1, Medical Diagnostics, Haematology and Transfusiology, FPGE, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv,, Ukraine
| | - Nataliia Denysenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Fomenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Helen Sklyarova
- Department of family Medicine FPGE, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Andrii Basylevych
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Medicine, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Eugene Sklyarov
- Department of Therapy No. 1, Medical Diagnostics, Haematology and Transfusiology, FPGE, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv,, Ukraine
| | - Sandor G Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los-Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lesya Kobylinska
- Department of Biochemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
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Simon Sarkadi L, Zhang M, Muránszky G, Vass RA, Matsyura O, Benes E, Vari SG. Fatty Acid Composition of Milk from Mothers with Normal Weight, Obesity, or Gestational Diabetes. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12071093. [PMID: 35888181 PMCID: PMC9323340 DOI: 10.3390/life12071093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestation and the neonatal period are crucial periods in infant development. Many components of breast milk, including fatty acids, play an important role in strengthening the immune system. The aim of our research was to evaluate the fatty acid profiles of milk from 69 mothers, including subjects having a normal weight, obesity, or gestational diabetes. For the analyses, we used gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detection (FID) and GC coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The main fatty acids found in breast milk were palmitic acid (C16:0; 26-28%), linoleic acid (C18:2; 23-28%), and α-linolenic acid linoleic acid (C18:3; 15-17%), followed by myristic acid (C14:0; 5-8%), lauric acid (C12:0; 4-6%) and stearic acid (C18:0; 4-5%). The average breakdown of fatty acids was 50% saturated, 44% polyunsaturated, and 6% monounsaturated. Breast milk samples were classified using principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis. Results showed that milk from the two major groups of obese and normal body mass index (BMI) could be distinguished with an accuracy of 89.66%. Breast milk samples of Hungarian and Ukrainian mothers showed significant differences based on the fatty acid composition, which variations are attributable to the mothers' dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Simon Sarkadi
- Department of Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; (M.Z.); (G.M.)
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; (M.Z.); (G.M.)
| | - Géza Muránszky
- Department of Nutrition, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1118 Budapest, Hungary; (M.Z.); (G.M.)
| | - Réka Anna Vass
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pécs Medical School, 7624 Pecs, Hungary;
- National Laboratory for Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Oksana Matsyura
- Department of Pediatrics No. 2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Eszter Benes
- Department of Food and Analytical Chemistry, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1118 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Sandor G. Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
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Matsyura O, Besh L, Kens O, Kosorinová D, Volkovová K, Vari SG. Polymorphic Variants of Interleukin-13 R130Q and Interleukin-4 T589C in Children with and without Cow's Milk Allergy. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050612. [PMID: 35629280 PMCID: PMC9147099 DOI: 10.3390/life12050612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most frequent types of food allergy. The aim of the study was to investigate whether IL-13 R130Q and IL-4 T589C polymorphisms are associated with the risk of CMA in young Ukrainian children. A total of 120 children (age range: 1−3 years) participated in the study and were divided into two groups: CMA (n = 60) and healthy controls (CNT, n = 60). The CMA group had two subgroups: specific oral tolerance induction (SOTI, n = 30) and milk elimination diet (MED, n = 30). The CNT group had two subgroups: positive family history of allergy (+FHA, n = 24) and negative family history of allergy (−FHA, n = 36). In the CMA group, molecular genetic testing of CC, CT, and TT genotypes of single nucleotide IL-4 T589C gene polymorphisms showed significantly higher rates of the CC genotype compared to healthy controls (92.2% vs. 58.8%; p < 0.01). In the CMA group, molecular genetic testing of GG, GA, and AA genotypes of single nucleotide IL-13 R130Q gene polymorphisms showed significantly higher rates of GA and AA polymorphic locus genotypes compared to healthy controls (43.5% vs. 22.4%, p < 0.05 and 8.7% vs. 0%, p < 0.05, respectively). In future studies, the genotypic and allelic distribution of these polymorphic variants will be determined in children with CMA and healthy children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Matsyura
- Department of Pediatrics №2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +380-973-059-273
| | - Lesya Besh
- Department of Pediatrics №2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Olena Kens
- Institute of Hereditary Pathology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Dana Kosorinová
- Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Katarína Volkovová
- Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.K.); (K.V.)
| | - Sandor G. Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048-4903, USA;
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Luetić M, Kretzschmar G, Grobe M, Jerčić L, Bota I, Ivić V, Balog M, Zjalić M, Vitlov Uljević M, Heffer M, Gaspar R, Tabi T, Vukojević K, Vari SG, Filipović N. Sex-specific effects of metformin and liraglutide on renal pathology and expression of connexin 45 and pannexin 1 following long-term high-fat high-sugar diet. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151817. [PMID: 34808525 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The comparative effects of the two commonly used antidiabetic drugs metformin and liraglutide on renal pathology and expression of connexin 45 (Cx45) and pannexin 1 (Panx1) in adult obese rats fed high-fat high-sugar diet (HFHSD) were studied. Considering recent data on the profound influence of sex on metformin and liraglutide effects, we compared the effects of both drugs between male and female animals. 44-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into 4 groups that were fed: standard diet, HFHSD, HFHSD treated with metformin (s.c., 50 mg/kg/day) and HFHSD treated with liraglutide (s.c., 0.3 mg/kg/day). Treatment with metformin or liraglutide lasted for 14 weeks. Histology and immunohistochemistry were performed to quantify renal pathological changes and Cx45 and Panx1 expression. HFHSD caused thickening of the Bowman's capsule (BC). Both metformin and liraglutide failed to ameliorate the BC thickening; metformin even worsened it. Effects on the tubulointerstitial fibrosis score, BC thickness and Cx45 and Panx1 expression were sex-dependent. We found a 50% increase in mitochondria in proximal tubules of metformin- and liraglutide-treated HFHSD-fed rats, but these effects were not dependent on the sex. This is a first study showing that the effects of metformin and liraglutide on kidney pathology in rats fed HFHSD are mostly sex-dependent and that these effects are not necessarily beneficial. Both drugs changed the Cx45 and Panx 1 expression; hence their effects could be related to amelioration of disruptions in intercellular communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Luetić
- Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Cytology, University Hospital Centre Split, Spinčićeva 1, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Genia Kretzschmar
- University of Split School of Medicine, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Maximilian Grobe
- University of Split School of Medicine, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Leo Jerčić
- University of Split School of Medicine, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Ivana Bota
- University of Split School of Medicine, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Vedrana Ivić
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10/E, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Marta Balog
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10/E, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Milorad Zjalić
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10/E, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Marija Vitlov Uljević
- University of Split School of Medicine, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Marija Heffer
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10/E, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Robert Gaspar
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér. 12., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamas Tabi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katarina Vukojević
- University of Split School of Medicine, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia; University of Split School of Medicine, Laboratory for Early Human Development, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Sandor G Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Natalija Filipović
- University of Split School of Medicine, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia.
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11
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Matić A, Vuković R, Heffer M, Balog M, Ivić V, Gaspar R, Ducza E, Szucs KF, Seres A, Vari SG, Drenjančević I. Sex differences in oxidative stress level and antioxidative enzymes expression and activity in obese pre-diabetic elderly rats treated with metformin or liraglutide. Croat Med J 2021. [PMID: 34212558 PMCID: PMC8275945 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2021.62.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To determine the effects of metformin or liraglutide on oxidative stress level and antioxidative enzymes gene transcription and activity in the blood and vessels of pre-diabetic obese elderly Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats of both sexes. Methods Male and female SD rats were assigned to the following groups: a) control group (fed with standard rodent chow); b) high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet (HSHFD) group fed with HSHFD from 20-65 weeks of age; c) HSHFD+metformin treatment (50 mg/kg/d s.c.); and d) HSHFD+liraglutide treatment (0.3 mg/kg/d s.c). Oxidative stress parameters (ferric reducing ability of plasma and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and gene transcription were determined from serum, aortas, and surface brain blood vessels (BBV). Results HSHFD increased body weight in both sexes compared with the control group, while liraglutide prevented this increase. Blood glucose level did not change. The liraglutide group had a significantly increased antioxidative capacity compared with the HSHFD group in both sexes. The changes in antioxidative enzymes’ activities in plasma were more pronounced in male groups. The changes in gene expression of antioxidative enzymes were more prominent in microvessels and may be attributed to weight gain prevention. Conclusions Obesity and antidiabetic drugs caused sex-related differences in the level of antioxidative parameters. Liraglutide exhibited stronger antioxidative effects than metformin. These results indicate that weight gain due to HSHFD is crucial for developing oxidative stress and for inhibiting antioxidative protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ines Drenjančević
- Ines Drenjančević, Institute and Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine University Josip Juraj Strossmayer of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia,
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12
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Vari SG. Inflammation is the common mechanism of diseases (CMD) in COVID-19 disease during pregnancy and in gestational diabetes mellitus. Ukr Biochem J 2021. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj93.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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13
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Balog M, Blažetić S, Ivić V, Labak I, Krajnik B, Marin R, Canerina-Amaro A, de Pablo DP, Bardak A, Gaspar R, Szűcs KF, Vari SG, Heffer M. Disarranged neuroplastin environment upon aging and chronic stress recovery in female Sprague Dawley rats. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 55:2474-2490. [PMID: 33909305 PMCID: PMC9290558 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress produces long-term metabolic changes throughout the superfamily of nuclear receptors, potentially causing various pathologies. Sex hormones modulate the stress response and generate a sex-specific age-dependent metabolic imprint, especially distinct in the reproductive senescence of females. We monitored chronic stress recovery in two age groups of female Sprague Dawley rats to determine whether stress and/or aging structurally changed the glycolipid microenvironment, a milieu playing an important role in cognitive functions. Old females experienced memory impairment even at basal conditions, which was additionally amplified by stress. On the other hand, the memory of young females was not disrupted. Stress recovery was followed by a microglial decrease and an increase in astrocyte count in the hippocampal immune system. Since dysfunction of the brain immune system could contribute to disturbed synaptogenesis, we analyzed neuroplastin expression and the lipid environment. Neuroplastin microenvironments were explored by analyzing immunofluorescent stainings using a newly developed Python script method. Stress reorganized glycolipid microenvironment in the Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) and dentate gyrus (DG) hippocampal regions of old females but in a very different fashion, thus affecting neuroplasticity. The postulation of four possible neuroplastin environments pointed to the GD1a ganglioside enrichment during reproductive senescence of stressed females, as well as its high dispersion in both regions and to GD1a and GM1 loss in the CA1 region. A specific lipid environment might influence neuroplastin functionality and underlie synaptic dysfunction triggered by a combination of aging and chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Balog
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Senka Blažetić
- Department of Biology, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vedrana Ivić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Irena Labak
- Department of Biology, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Bartosz Krajnik
- Department of Experimental Physics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Raquel Marin
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ana Canerina-Amaro
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Daniel Pereda de Pablo
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ana Bardak
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Robert Gaspar
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Ferenc Szűcs
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sandor G Vari
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marija Heffer
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
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14
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Jurić M, Balog M, Ivić V, Bošković M, Benzon B, Racetin A, Vukojević K, Bočina I, Kević N, Restović I, Szűcs KF, Gáspár R, Heffer M, Vari SG, Filipović N. Increased expression of dendrin in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord during stress is regulated by sex hormones. Neuropeptides 2021; 86:102126. [PMID: 33524899 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2021.102126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress has various effects on organisms and is sex-specific. The aim of the study was to describe the expression of synapse strengthening protein, dendrin, in the spinal cord (SC) and the dependence of its expression on chronic stress and sex hormones. Thirteen-month-old female and male rats were castrated (ovariectomy [F-OVX] or orchidectomy [M-ORX]) or sham-operated (F-SH or M-SH), respectively. At age 15 months, three 10-day-sessions of sham stress (control, C) or chronic stress (S) were conducted. Dendrin expression was present in the thoracic SC segments and the dorsal root ganglia (DRG). In the SC, dendrin expression was prominent in superficial laminae of the dorsal horn and lamina X (central canal). The M-ORX-S group had the highest dendrin expression in the dorsal horn, being significantly higher than the M-ORX-C or M-SH-S groups (P < 0.05). Dendrin expression was significantly higher in the F-SH-S group than the F-SH-C group (P < 0.05), as well as in the F-SH-S than the M-SH-S (P < 0.05). Co-localization with the α-d-galactosyl-specific isolectin B4 (IB4) in central projections of the DRG neurons in the dorsal horn of the SC was 7.43 ± 3.36%, while with the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) was 8.47 ± 4.45%. Localization of dendrin was observed in soma and nuclei of neurons in the dorsal horn. Dendrin expression in pain-processing areas of the SC, the DRG neurons and their peripheral projections suggest possible roles in pain perception and modulation. Stress-induced increase in dendrin expression and its dependence on sex hormones may partially explain sex-specific pain hypersensitivity induced by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Jurić
- University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Marta Balog
- Faculty of Medicine, Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Huttlerova 4, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Vedrana Ivić
- Faculty of Medicine, Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Huttlerova 4, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Maria Bošković
- University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Benjamin Benzon
- University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Anita Racetin
- University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Katarina Vukojević
- University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Ivana Bočina
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Nives Kević
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Restović
- Department of Teacher Education, University of Split Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Poljička cesta 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Kálmán F Szűcs
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér. 12., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Gáspár
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér. 12., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Marija Heffer
- Faculty of Medicine, Osijek Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Huttlerova 4, Osijek 31000, Croatia
| | - Sandor G Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Natalija Filipović
- University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, Split 21000, Croatia.
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Rabets A, Bila G, Grytsko R, Samborskyy M, Rebets Y, Vari SG, Pagneux Q, Barras A, Boukherroub R, Szunerits S, Bilyy R. The Potential of Developing Pan-Coronaviral Antibodies to Spike Peptides in Convalescent COVID-19 Patients. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2021; 69:5. [PMID: 33677719 PMCID: PMC7936871 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-021-00607-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Coronaviruses share conservative spike protein (S) on their enveloped membrane surface, where S1 subunit recognizes and binds the cellular receptor, and the S2 subunit mediates membrane fusion. This similarity raises the question: does coronaviral infection by one create protection to others? Convalescent SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) sera were tested for cross reactivity with peptides from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) which shares 74% homology. Our results showed significant cross-reactivity with a peptide of the heptad repeat 2 (HR2) domain of the MERS-CoV spike protein. Sera samples of 47 validated seropositive convalescent COVID-19 patients and 40 sera samples of control patients, collected in pre-COVID time were used to establish cross-bind reactivity with the MERS-CoV peptide. Significantly stronger binding (p < 0.0001) was observed for IgG antibodies in convalescent COVID-19 patients compared to the control group. In ELISA, MERS-CoV peptide helps to discriminate post-COVID-19 populations and non-infected ones by the presence of antibodies in blood samples. This suggests that polyclonal antibodies established during SARS-CoV-2 infection can recognize and probably decrease severity of MERS-CoV and other coronaviral infections. The high homology of the spike protein domain also suggests that the opposite effect can be true: coronaviral infections produce cross-reactive antibodies effective against SARS-CoV-2. The collected data prove that despite the core HR2 region is hidden in the native viral conformation, its exposure during cell entry makes it highly immunogenic. Since inhibitory peptides to this region were previously described, this opens new possibilities in fighting coronaviral infections and developing vaccines effective even after possible viral mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Rabets
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Galyna Bila
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Grytsko
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Sandor G Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Quentin Pagneux
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University of Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, Lille, France
| | - Alexandre Barras
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University of Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, Lille, France
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University of Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, Lille, France
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- University of Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, University of Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, Lille, France
| | - Rostyslav Bilyy
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.
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16
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Matsyura O, Besh L, Borysiuk O, Gutor T, Malska A, Kovalska O, Besh O, Sorokopud O, Vari SG. Food Hypersensitivity in Children Aged 0-3 Years of the Lviv Region in Ukraine: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:800331. [PMID: 35083186 PMCID: PMC8784876 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.800331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To determine the prevalence and to estimate factors associated with food hypersensitivity in young children of the Lviv region in Ukraine. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional survey study was conducted between 2016 and 2017 in the Lviv region of Ukraine. A specially designed questionnaire about food hypersensitivity of young children developed and validated by M. J. Flokstra-de Blok was used after translation into the Ukrainian language. The questionnaire included 34 questions, grouped into general and detailed information. Parents of children aged 0-3 years were asked to complete the questionnaire at pre-schools and medical institutions. Results: Among 4,500 distributed questionnaires, 3,214 (71%) were completed and processed. Parents reported that 25% of their young children had food hypersensitivity. According to the survey the most common agents involved in food hypersensitivity in young children were cow's milk (34%), egg (28%), and wheat (24%). Hypersensitivity to milk occurred in 50% of children in the age group of 1-2 years. Regional differences associated with food hypersensitivity were also found. Namely, in the Carpathians, there was more hypersensitivity to fish (27%) and honey (22%) than in other regions, while hypersensitivity to soy was detected mostly in Lviv City residents (8.5%). Unknown causes of food hypersensitivity were highly reported (34%) in the Carpathians. Conclusion: Prevalence and some distinctiveness of food hypersensitivity revealed in four geographic and climate zones as well as in Lviv City have a considerable practical use for formulation of recommendations for children with food hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Matsyura
- Department of Pediatrics, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.,Allergy Department, Communal Nonprofit Enterprise "City Children's Clinical Hospital of Lviv," Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Lesya Besh
- Department of Pediatrics, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.,Allergy Department, Communal Nonprofit Enterprise "City Children's Clinical Hospital of Lviv," Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Olena Borysiuk
- Department of Pediatrics, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Taras Gutor
- Department of Public Health Management, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Andriana Malska
- Department of Propaedeutic Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Kovalska
- Department of Public Health Management, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Olesia Besh
- Department of Therapy and Medical Diagnostics, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Olena Sorokopud
- Department of Therapy and Medical Diagnostics, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Sandor G Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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17
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Kozinszky Z, Altorjay A, Molnar A, Nyári T, Vari SG, Nemeth G, Suranyi A. Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Glycemic Control Effect on Placental Vascularization in Pregnancy with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019; 128:788-795. [PMID: 30641608 DOI: 10.1055/a-0824-6362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of our study was to assess the effect of glycemic control on placental vascularization in pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to compare dataset of optimal/suboptimal glycemic control to normal placental 3-dimensional power Doppler (3-DPD) indices in 2nd and 3rd trimester. METHODS Placental vascularization of pregnant women was prospectively evaluated by 3-DPD ((vascularization-index (VI); flow-index (FI); vascularization-flow-index (VFI)) ultrasound technique. The normal pregnancies (n=214) were compared to those complicated by T1DM (n=53) with optimal (HbA1C≤6%;≤ 42 mmol/mol) and suboptimal (HbA1C>6%;>42 mmol/mol) glycemic control. RESULTS Pregnancies complicated by T1DM expressed lower placental vascularization indices as compared with normal pregnancies (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for VI:0.86; FI:0.94; VFI:0.76). Placental 3-DPD indices have a significant correlation with HbA1C and optimal glycemic control is associated with lower placental perfusion (AOR for VI:1.64; FI:1.13; VFI:2.34). Short-term adverse neonatal outcome was predicted by lower 3-DPD indices (AORVI:0.83, AORFI:0.93, AORVFI:0.66, p<0.05 for each index). Besides the glycemic control, the pregestational body mass index (BMI), had significant influences on placental perfusion. CONCLUSIONS VI displayed the best screening ability for suboptimal glycemic control with a sensitivity of 90.9%. The suboptimal glycemic control has a direct deteriorating effect on placental vasculature. Therefore the ultrasound examination could be an adjunct diagnostic modality for pregnant women with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Kozinszky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Blekinge Hospital, Karlskrona, Sweden
| | - AbelT Altorjay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andras Molnar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tibor Nyári
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sandor G Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars - Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gabor Nemeth
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrea Suranyi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Kobylinska L, Patereha I, Finiuk N, Mitina N, Riabtseva A, Kotsyumbas I, Stoika R, Zaichenko A, Vari SG. Comb-like PEG-containing polymeric composition as low toxic drug nanocarrier. Cancer Nanotechnol 2018; 9:11. [PMID: 30613308 PMCID: PMC6302051 DOI: 10.1186/s12645-018-0045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of biocompatible multifunctional polymeric drug carriers is crucial in modern pharmaceutics aimed to create "smart" drugs. The high potential of the PEGylated comb-like polymeric nanocarrier (PNC) in delivering both traditional and experimental drugs to tumor cells in vitro and in vivo has been demonstrated previously. In the present study, we investigated the general toxicity of polyethylene glycol (PEG) processed with both covalent and non-covalent attachments of PEG to compose a comb-like polymer that behaves like a simple chain of n monomers decorated with swollen side chains. The PNC possesses properties of a water-soluble surfactant containing methyl-terminated PEG side branches in some monomer units attached covalently to the carbon chain backbone. RESULTS We have demonstrated that the synthesized PNC possesses weak toxic effects toward human leukemia cells (HL-60 and Jurkat lines), as well as toward hepatocellular (HepG2), colon (HCT116) and breast (MCF-7) tumor cell lines. Additionally, after a long period (20 days) of intraperitoneal administration, the PNC had no significant toxic effects in laboratory white mice (470 mg/kg body mass in 1 ml) and Wistar rats (440 mg/kg body mass in 10 ml). CONCLUSION The developed PNC we studied can be qualified as a compound of grade 4 toxicity (low toxicity substance). The reduced toxicity of this PNC in combination with its improved bioavailability and previously detected capability to enhance cytotoxicity toward tumor cells in vitro and potential tumor treatment effects in vivo suggests its potential as a safe drug delivery platform for treating various diseases, especially cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesya Kobylinska
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Pekarska str., 69a, Lviv, 79010 Ukraine
| | - Igor Patereha
- State Scientific-Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, Donetska str., 11, Lviv, 79019 Ukraine
| | - Natalia Finiuk
- Institute of Cell Biology, Drahomanov str., 14/16, Lviv, 79005 Ukraine
| | - Natalia Mitina
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, S. Bandera str., 12, Lviv, 79013 Ukraine
| | - Anna Riabtseva
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, S. Bandera str., 12, Lviv, 79013 Ukraine
| | - Igor Kotsyumbas
- State Scientific-Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medicinal Products and Feed Additives, Donetska str., 11, Lviv, 79019 Ukraine
| | - Rostyslav Stoika
- Institute of Cell Biology, Drahomanov str., 14/16, Lviv, 79005 Ukraine
| | - Alexander Zaichenko
- Lviv Polytechnic National University, S. Bandera str., 12, Lviv, 79013 Ukraine
| | - Sandor G. Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 6500 Wilshire Blvd., Ste. 2102, Los Angeles, CA 90048-5502 USA
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Magorivska I, Döncző B, Dumych T, Karmash A, Boichuk M, Hychka K, Mihalj M, Szabó M, Csánky E, Rech J, Guttman A, Vari SG, Bilyy R. Glycosylation of random IgG distinguishes seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmunity 2018; 51:111-117. [PMID: 29733234 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2018.1468886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The N-glycosylation of human immunoglobulins, especially IgGs, plays a critical role in determining affinity of IgGs towards their effector (pro- and anti-inflammatory) receptors. However, it is still not clear whether altered glycosylation is involved in only antibody-dependent disorders like seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or also in pathologies with similar clinical manifestations, but no specific autoantibodies like seronegative RA. The clarification of that uncertainty was the aim of the current study. Another study aim was the detection of specific glycan forms responsible for altered exposure of native glycoepitopes. We studied sera from seropositive RA (n = 15) and seronegative RA (n = 12) patients for exposure of glycans in native IgG molecules, followed by determination of specific glycans by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescent detection (CE-LIF). Aged-matched groups of normal healthy donors (NHD) and samples of intravenous immunoglobulin IgG preparations (IVIG) served as controls. There was significantly stronger binding of Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA) and Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL) lectins towards IgG from seropositive RA compared to seronegative RA or NHD. CE-LIF analysis revealed statistically significant increases in bisecting glycans FA2BG2 (p = .006) and FABG2S1 (p = .005) seropositive RA, accompanied by decrease of bisecting monogalactosylated glycan FA2(6)G1 (p = .074) and non-bisecting monosialylated glycan FA2(3)G1S1 (p = .055). The results suggest that seropositive RA is distinct from seronegative RA in terms of IgG glycan moieties, attributable to specific immunoglobulin molecules present in seropositive disease. These glycans were determined to be bisecting GlcNAc-bearing forms FA2BG2 and FABG2S1, and their appearance increased the availability of LCA and AAL lectin-binding sites in native IgG glycoepitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Magorivska
- a Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology , Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen , Erlangen , Germany
| | - B Döncző
- b Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Horváth Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary
| | - T Dumych
- c Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - A Karmash
- c Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - M Boichuk
- c Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - K Hychka
- c Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University , Lviv , Ukraine
| | - M Mihalj
- d Faculty of Medicine , Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek , Osijek , Croatia.,e University hospital Osijek , Osijek , Croatia
| | - M Szabó
- f Department of Pulmonology , Semmelweis Hospital , Miskolc , Hungary
| | - E Csánky
- f Department of Pulmonology , Semmelweis Hospital , Miskolc , Hungary
| | - J Rech
- a Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology , Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen , Erlangen , Germany
| | - A Guttman
- b Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Horváth Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine , University of Debrecen , Debrecen , Hungary.,g MTA-PE Translational Glycomics Group, MUKKI , University of Pannonia , Veszprem , Hungary
| | - S G Vari
- h International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program , Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - R Bilyy
- a Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology , Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen , Erlangen , Germany.,d Faculty of Medicine , Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek , Osijek , Croatia
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20
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G. Vari S. Knowledge sharing is the key for the progress of science. Ukr Biochem J 2018. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj90.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Borsanyiova M, Kubascikova L, Sarmirova S, Vari SG, Bopegamage S. Assessment of a swab collection method without virus transport medium for PCR diagnosis of coxsackievirus infections. J Virol Methods 2018; 254:18-20. [PMID: 29407208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Classically, detection of human enterovirus (EV) infections is based on virus isolation in tissue culture, proper sample collection and handling that optimizes virus viability. Samples are collected in virus transport medium (VTM) to ensure virus stability. High sensitivity and rapid results have made polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis increasingly popular for routine diagnosis. The PCR method enables simple sample collection and storage for EV diagnostics, which may eventually allow self-sampling at home. Our aim was to test a modification of the conventional clinical swab sample collection method for molecular diagnosis of EV infection. We compared swabs (cotton or synthetic) without VTM and the classical standard synthetic swabs with VTM. Effects of storage temperature (+4 °C or -80 °C) and duration were studied. EV-RNA could be detected by reverse transcriptase and nested PCR in both swab types without VTM. Differences depended on the storage duration and temperature. Optimum conditions were immediate processing or storage at -80 °C. Storage without VTM at +4 °C for longer periods is not advisable. We conclude that swabs without VTM can be considered for clinical EV-diagnostics based on PCR, and ultimately for epidemiological sample collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Borsanyiova
- Enterovirus Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Lucia Kubascikova
- Enterovirus Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Sona Sarmirova
- Enterovirus Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Sandor G Vari
- The International Research and Innovation Management Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shubhada Bopegamage
- Enterovirus Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Borisova T, Dekaliuk M, Pozdnyakova N, Pastukhov A, Dudarenko M, Borysov A, Vari SG, Demchenko AP. Harmful impact on presynaptic glutamate and GABA transport by carbon dots synthesized from sulfur-containing carbohydrate precursor. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:17688-17700. [PMID: 28601995 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9414-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanoparticles that may be potent air pollutants with adverse effects on human health often contain heteroatoms including sulfur. In order to study in detail their effects on different physiological and biochemical processes, artificially produced carbon dots (CDs) with well-controlled composition that allows fluorescence detection may be of great use. Having been prepared from different types of organic precursors, CDs expose different atoms at their surface suggesting a broad variation of functional groups. Recently, we demonstrated neurotoxic properties of CDs synthesized from the amino acid β-alanine, and it is of importance to analyze whether CDs obtained from different precursors and particularly those exposing sulfur atoms induce similar neurotoxic effects. This study focused on synthesis of CDs from the sulfur-containing precursor thiourea-CDs (TU-CDs) with a size less than 10 nm, their characterization, and neuroactivity assessment. Neuroactive properties of TU-CDs were analyzed based on their effects on the key characteristics of glutamatergic and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission in isolated rat brain nerve terminals. It was observed that TU-CDs (0.5-1.0 mg/ml) attenuated the initial velocity of Na+-dependent transporter-mediated uptake and accumulation of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA by nerve terminals in a dose-dependent manner and increased the ambient level of the neurotransmitters. Starting from the concentration of 0.2 mg/ml, TU-CDs evoked a gradual dose-dependent depolarization of the plasma membrane of nerve terminals measured with the cationic potentiometric dye rhodamine 6G. Within the concentration range of 0.1-0.5 mg/ml, TU-CDs caused an "unphysiological" step-like increase in fluorescence intensity of the рН-sensitive fluorescent dye acridine orange accumulated by synaptic vesicles. Therefore, despite different surface properties and fluorescent features of CDs prepared from different starting materials (thiourea and β-alanine), their principal neurotoxic effects are analogous but displayed at a different level of efficiency. Sulfur-containing TU-CDs exhibit lower effects (by ~30%) on glutamate and GABA transport in the nerve terminals in comparison with sulfur-free β-alanine CDs. Our results suggest considering that an uncontrolled presence of carbon-containing particulate matter in the human environment may pose a toxicity risk for the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Borisova
- Dept. Neurochemistry and Lab. of Nanobiotechnologies Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine.
| | - Mariia Dekaliuk
- Dept. Neurochemistry and Lab. of Nanobiotechnologies Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Pozdnyakova
- Dept. Neurochemistry and Lab. of Nanobiotechnologies Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Artem Pastukhov
- Dept. Neurochemistry and Lab. of Nanobiotechnologies Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Marina Dudarenko
- Dept. Neurochemistry and Lab. of Nanobiotechnologies Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Arsenii Borysov
- Dept. Neurochemistry and Lab. of Nanobiotechnologies Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Sandor G Vari
- International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexander P Demchenko
- Dept. Neurochemistry and Lab. of Nanobiotechnologies Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, Ukraine
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Hajagos-Tóth J, Ducza E, Samavati R, Vari SG, Gaspar R. Obesity in pregnancy: a novel concept on the roles of adipokines in uterine contractility. Croat Med J 2017; 58:96-104. [PMID: 28409493 PMCID: PMC5410735 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2017.58.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global health problem even among pregnant women. Obesity alters quality of labor, such as preterm labor, prolonged labor, and higher oxytocin requirements in pregnant women. The most important factors to play a role in the altered gestational period and serve as drug targets to treat the consequences are female sexual hormones, calcium channels, adrenergic system, oxytocin, and prostaglandins. However, we have limited information about the impact of obesity on the pregnant uterine contractility and gestation time. Adipose tissue, which is the largest endocrine and paracrine organ, especially in obesity, is responsible for the production of adipokines and various cytokines and chemokines, and there are no reliable data available describing the relation between body mass index, glucose intolerance, and adipokines during pregnancy. Recent data suggest that the dysregulation of leptin, adiponectin, and kisspeptin during pregnancy contributes to gestational diabetes mellitus and pre-eclampsia. A preclinical method for obese pregnancy should be developed to clarify the action of adipokines and assess their impact in obesity. The deeper understanding of the adipokines-induced processes in obese pregnancy may be a step closer to the prevention and therapy of preterm delivery or prolonged pregnancy. Gestational weight gain is one of the factors that could influence the prenatal development, birth weight, and adiposity of newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Robert Gaspar
- Robert Gaspar, Eotvos Street 6., Szeged, H-6720, Hungary,
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandor G Vari
- Sandor G. Vari, International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA and Association for Regional Cooperation in the Fields of Health, Science and Technology (RECOOP HST Association), Debrecen, Hungary,
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Ivić V, Blažetić S, Labak I, Balog M, Vondrak L, Blažeković R, Vari SG, Heffer M. Ovariectomy and chronic stress lead toward leptin resistance in the satiety centers and insulin resistance in the hippocampus of Sprague-Dawley rats. Croat Med J 2017; 57:194-206. [PMID: 27106360 PMCID: PMC4856194 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2016.57.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the changes in the expression level of gonadal steroid, insulin, and leptin receptors in the brain of adult Sprague-Dawley female rats due to ovariectomy and/or chronic stress. Methods Sixteen-week-old ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided in two groups and exposed to three 10-day-sessions of sham or chronic stress. After the last stress-session the brains were collected and free-floating immunohistochemical staining was performed using androgen (AR), progesterone (PR), estrogen-β (ER-β), insulin (IR-α), and leptin receptor (ObR) antibodies. The level of receptors expression was analyzed in hypothalamic (HTH), cortical (CTX), dopaminergic (VTA/SNC), and hippocampal regions (HIPP). Results Ovariectomy downregulated AR in the hypothalamic satiety centers and hippocampus. It prevented or attenuated the stress-specific upregulation of AR in these regions. The main difference in stress response between non-ovariectomized and ovariectomized females was in PR level. Ovariectomized ones had increased PR level in the HTH, VTA, and HIPP. Combination of stressors pushed the hypothalamic satiety centers toward the rise of ObR and susceptibility to leptin resistance. When exposed to combined stressors, the HIPP, SNC and piriform cortex upregulated the expression of IR-α and the possibility to develop insulin resistance. Conclusion Ovariectomy exacerbates the effect of chronic stress by preventing gonadal receptor-specific stress response reflected in the upregulation of AR in the satiety and hippocampal regions, while stress after ovariectomy usually raises PR. The final outcome of inadequate stress response is reflected in the upregulation of ObR in the satiety centers and IR-α in the regions susceptible to early neurodegeneration. We discussed the possibility of stress induced metabolic changes under conditions of hormone deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marija Heffer
- Marija Heffer, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10/E, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia,
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandor G Vari
- Sandor G. Vari, International Research and Innovation in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA and Association for Regional Cooperation in the Fields of Health, Science and Technology (RECOOP HST Association), Debrecen, Hungary,
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Pitha J, Králová Lesná I, Hubáček JA, Sekerková A, Lánská V, Adámková V, Dorobantu M, Nicolescu R, Steiner R, Ivić V, Borbely A, Papp Z, Vari SG. Smoking impairs and circulating stem cells favour the protective effect of the T allele of the connexin37 gene in ischemic heart disease--A multinational study. Atherosclerosis 2016; 244:73-8. [PMID: 26588185 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The connexin 37 (Cx37) gene is considered to be a candidate gene for ischemic heart disease (IHD). We analyzed the association between the C1019 > T (Pro319 > Ser) variant of the Cx37 gene and IHD in patients in the Czech Republic, Croatia, Hungary and Romania with regard to the presence/absence of selected cardiovascular risk factors (RF). In a complementary study, we analyzed the association between the Cx37 gene and circulating stem and endothelial progenitor cells in healthy women. METHODS The study population comprised 2396 patients (663 women) with IHD. The control population comprised 2476 subjects (1, 337 women). Additionally, in 662 healthy women, the association between the Cx37 gene and circulating stem and endothelial progenitor cells was analyzed. RESULTS The strongest protective effect of the Cx37 T allele was detected in non-smoking patients without diabetes mellitus and hypertension (OR 0.610, 95% CI 0.377-0.990); a similar effect was found in non-smoking men (OR 0.781, 95% CI 0.628-0.971); weaker effect was found in non-smoking women (OR 0.768, 95% CI 0.560-1.050). In non-smoking healthy women, stem cells were significantly higher in TT than in CT and CC carriers (p for trend 0.011). Additionally, non-smoking TT carriers had significantly higher number of stem cells than past and current smoking TT carriers (p for trend = 0.006); no such trend was found in CT and CC carriers. CONCLUSIONS The protective effect of the T allele of the Cx37 gene might be strongly modified by smoking; in women, this effect could be mediated through stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pitha
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivana Králová Lesná
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav A Hubáček
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Sekerková
- Department of Clinical and Transplant Immunology, Institute of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Lánská
- Medicine Statistic Unit, Institute of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Adámková
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Institute of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Dorobantu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" Bucharest, Romania Emergency Clinical Hospital of Bucharest, Cardiology Dept., Romania
| | - Rodica Nicolescu
- Emergency Clinical Hospital of Bucharest, Cardiology Dept., Romania
| | - Robert Steiner
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease and Intensive Care, Osijek University Hospital, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vedrana Ivić
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Attila Borbely
- Regional Cooperation for Health, Science and Technology (RECOOP HST) Association, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Papp
- Regional Cooperation for Health, Science and Technology (RECOOP HST) Association, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sandor G Vari
- Regional Cooperation for Health, Science and Technology (RECOOP HST) Association, Debrecen, Hungary; International Research and Innovation Management Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Balog M, Miljanović M, Blažetić S, Labak I, Ivić V, Viljetić B, Borbely A, Papp Z, Blažeković R, Vari SG, Fagyas M, Heffer M. Sex-specific chronic stress response at the level of adrenal gland modified sexual hormone and leptin receptors. Croat Med J 2015; 56:104-13. [PMID: 25891869 PMCID: PMC4410176 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2015.56.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To compare cardiometabolic risk-related biochemical markers and sexual hormone and leptin receptors in the adrenal gland of rat males, non-ovariectomized females (NON-OVX), and ovariectomized females (OVX) under chronic stress. Methods Forty six 16-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into male, NON-OVX, and OVX group and exposed to chronic stress or kept as controls. Weight, glucose tolerance test (GTT), serum concentration of glucose, and cholesterol were measured. Adrenal glands were collected at the age of 28 weeks and immunohistochemical staining against estrogen beta (ERβ), progesterone (PR), testosterone (AR), and leptin (Ob-R) receptors was performed. Results Body weight, GTT, serum cholesterol, and glucose changed in response to stress as expected and validated the applied stress protocol. Stressed males had significantly higher number of ERβ receptors in comparison to control group (P = 0.028). Stressed NON-OVX group had significantly decreased AR in comparison to control group (P = 0.007). The levels of PR did not change in any consistent pattern. The levels of Ob-R increased upon stress in all groups, but the significant difference was reached only in the case of stressed OVX group compared to control (P = 0.033). Conclusion Chronic stress response was sex specific. OVX females had similar biochemical parameters as males. Changes upon chronic stress in adrenal gland were related to a decrease in testosterone receptor in females and increase in estrogen receptor in males.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marija Heffer
- Marija Heffer, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia,
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Arora CP, Kacerovsky M, Zinner B, Ertl T, Ceausu I, Rusnak I, Shurpyak S, Sandhu M, Hobel CJ, Dumesic DA, Vari SG. Disparities and relative risk ratio of preterm birth in six Central and Eastern European centers. Croat Med J 2015; 56:119-27. [PMID: 25891871 PMCID: PMC4410174 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2015.56.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To identify characteristic risk factors of preterm birth in Central and Eastern Europe and explore the differences from other developed countries. Method Data on 33 794 term and 3867 preterm births (<37 wks.) were extracted in a retrospective study between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2009. The study took place in 6 centers in 5 countries: Czech Republic, Hungary (two centers), Romania, Slovakia, and Ukraine. Data on historical risk factors, pregnancy complications, and special testing were gathered. Preterm birth frequencies and relevant risk factors were analyzed using Statistical Analysis System (SAS) software. Results All the factors selected for study (history of smoking, diabetes, chronic hypertension, current diabetes, preeclampsia, progesterone use, current smoking, body mass index, iron use and anemia during pregnancy), except the history of diabetes were predictive of preterm birth across all participating European centers. Preterm birth was at least 2.4 times more likely with smoking (history or current), three times more likely with preeclampsia, 2.9 times more likely with hypertension after adjusting for other covariates. It had inverse relationship with the significant predictor body mass index, with adjusted risk ratio of 0.8 to 1.0 in three sites. Iron use and anemia, though significant predictors of preterm birth, indicated mixed patterns for relative risk ratio. Conclusion Smoking, preeclampsia, hypertension and body mass index seem to be the foremost risk factors of preterm birth. Implications of these factors could be beneficial for design and implementation of interventions and improve the birth outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chander P Arora
- Chander P Arora, International Research and Innovation Management Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 6420 Wilshire Blvd. Suite # 301, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA,
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Balog M, Mlinarević D, Šerić V, Miljanović M, Blažeković R, Degmečić IV, Blažetić S, Oršolić I, Vari SG, Heffer M. Plasma Content of Glucose, C-reactive Protein, Uric Acid and Cholesterol in Male, Female and Ovariectomized Rats upon Acute and Chronic Stress--a Path for Development of Cardiovascular Diseases. Coll Antropol 2015; 39:385-392. [PMID: 26753455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To explore sex differences in cardiovascular function under stress, we analyzed plasma levels of glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), uric acid and cholesterol in male, female and ovariectomized rats under acute and chronic stress. Glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed in all rats before any stress was performed, as well as later in the chronic stress experiment. GTT in control animals showed the same trend as in chronically stressed. Male rats showed the highest plasma level of glucose and uric acid upon acute stress in comparison between the other two groups. Ovariectomized rats reached the highest concentration of plasma cholesterol during acute and chronic stress, respectively and also the highest plasma concentration of CRP during acute stress. Stress, as a risk factor of metabolic syndrome, affected biochemical parameters in males upon acute more than upon chronic stress, but the opposite was observed in female rats. Gender differences supported by ovariectomy show that stress managing could be affected by sexual hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandor G Vari
- Sandor G. Vari, International Research and Innovation Management Program Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA and RECOOP HST Association,
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Nagy Z, Gyurkovics E, Pajor P, Tarjányi M, Szijártó A, Vari SG. New method for treatment of inferior vena cava tumor thrombus – case study. Croat Med J 2015; 56:139-44. [PMID: 25891873 PMCID: PMC4410167 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2015.56.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional surgical therapy for advanced renal venous tumor thrombi results in high morbidity, so there is a need for less invasive techniques. This report presents the first case of a successful inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombus removal without complications with balloon catheter (BC) via internal jugular vein (IJV), called the venous tumor thrombus pushing with balloon catheter (VTTP BC). Under the control of transesophageal echocardiogram and fluoroscope, a balloon catheter was sleeved on the guide wire, which was already inserted into the right internal jugular vein (IJV) and was driven distally above the IVC tumor thrombus. The balloon was inflated to occlude the IVC for prevention of pulmonary embolization. After the occlusion, the guide wire was driven to the cavotomy and was opened at the ostium of the right renal vein. It was pulled at both ends and stretched to serve as a rail. The balloon was gently pushed toward the cavotomy and the thrombectomy was completed. This is a less invasive method for treatment of venous tumor thrombus level 3 that can reduce surgical time, blood loss, and complication rates compared to the existing surgical methods. Also, it can be performed without thoracotomy, cardiopulmonary bypass, hypothermic circulatory arrest, and liver mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Nagy
- Zoltán Nagy, Division Head of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky Hospital, 1106 Budapest, Maglódi út 89-91,
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Blažetić S, Labak I, Viljetić B, Balog M, Vari SG, Krivošíková Z, Gajdoš M, Kramárová P, Kebis A, Vuković R, Puljak L, Has-Schön E, Heffer M. Effects of high fat diet, ovariectomy, and physical activity on leptin receptor expression in rat brain and white fat tissue. Croat Med J 2014; 55:228-38. [PMID: 24891281 PMCID: PMC4049211 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2014.55.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate in a rat animal model whether ovariectomy, high fat diet (HFD), and physical activity in the form of running affect leptin receptor (Ob-R) distribution in the brain and white fat tissue compared to sham (Sh) surgery, standard diet (StD), and sedentary conditions. Methods The study included 48 female laboratory Wistar rats (4 weeks old). Following eight weeks of feeding with standard or HFD, rats were subjected to either OVX or Sh surgery. After surgery, all animals continued StD or HFD for the next 10 weeks. During these 10 weeks, ovariectomy and Sh groups were subjected to physical activity or sedentary conditions. Free-floating immunohistochemistry and Western blot methods were carried out to detect Ob-R in the brain and adipose tissue. Results StD-ovariectomy-sedentary group had a greater number of Ob-R positive neurons in lateral hypothalamic nuclei than StD-Sh-sedentary group. There was no difference in Ob-R positive neurons in arcuatus nuclei between all groups. Ob-R distribution in the barrel cortex was higher in HFD group than in StD group. Ob-R presence in perirenal and subcutaneous fat was decreased in StD-ovariectomy group. Conclusion HFD and ovariectomy increased Ob-R distribution in lateral hypothalamic nuclei, but there was no effect on arcuatus nuclei. Our results are first to suggest that HFD, ovariectomy, and physical activity affect Ob-R distribution in the barrel cortex, which might be correlated with the role of Ob-R in election of food in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marija Heffer
- Marija Heffer, Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Osijek, Josipa Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia,
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Kalász J, Tóth EP, Bódi B, Fagyas M, Tóth A, Pal BH, Vari SG, Balog M, Blažetić S, Heffer M, Papp Z, Borbély A. Single acute stress-induced progesterone and ovariectomy alter cardiomyocyte contractile function in female rats. Croat Med J 2014; 55:239-49. [PMID: 24891282 PMCID: PMC4049214 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2014.55.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess how ovarian-derived sex hormones (in particular progesterone) modify the effects of single acute stress on the mechanical and biochemical properties of left ventricular cardiomyocytes in the rat. Methods Non-ovariectomized (control, n = 8) and ovariectomized (OVX, n = 8) female rats were kept under normal conditions or were exposed to stress (control-S, n = 8 and OVX-S, n = 8). Serum progesterone levels were measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay. Left ventricular myocardial samples were used for isometric force measurements and protein analysis. Ca2+-dependent active force (Factive), Ca2+-independent passive force (Fpassive), and Ca2+-sensitivity of force production were determined in single, mechanically isolated, permeabilized cardiomyocytes. Stress- and ovariectomy-induced alterations in myofilament proteins (myosin-binding protein C [MyBP-C], troponin I [TnI], and titin) were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis using protein and phosphoprotein stainings. Results Serum progesterone levels were significantly increased in stressed rats (control-S, 35.6 ± 4.8 ng/mL and OVX-S, 21.9 ± 4.0 ng/mL) compared to control (10 ± 2.9 ng/mL) and OVX (2.8 ± 0.5 ng/mL) groups. Factive was higher in the OVX groups (OVX, 25.9 ± 3.4 kN/m2 and OVX-S, 26.3 ± 3.0 kN/m2) than in control groups (control, 16.4 ± 1.2 kN/m2 and control-S, 14.4 ± 0.9 kN/m2). Regarding the potential molecular mechanisms, Factive correlated with MyBP-C phosphorylation, while myofilament Ca2+-sensitivity inversely correlated with serum progesterone levels when the mean values were plotted for all animal groups. Fpassive was unaffected by any treatment. Conclusion Stress increases ovary-independent synthesis and release of progesterone, which may regulate Ca2+-sensitivity of force production in left ventricular cardiomyocytes. Stress and female hormones differently alter Ca2+-dependent cardiomyocyte contractile force production, which may have pathophysiological importance during stress conditions affecting postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Attila Borbély
- Attila Borbély, University of Debrecen, Institute of Cardiology, Division of Clinical Physiology, Móricz Zsigmond krt. 22, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary,
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Vuković R, Blažetić S, Oršolić I, Heffer M, Vari SG, Gajdoš M, Krivošíková Z, Kramárová P, Kebis A, Has-Schön E. Impact of ovariectomy, high fat diet, and lifestyle modifications on oxidative/antioxidative status in the rat liver. Croat Med J 2014; 55:218-27. [PMID: 24891280 PMCID: PMC4049208 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2014.55.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To estimate the impact of high fat diet and estrogen deficiency on the oxidative and antioxidative status in the liver of the ovariectomized rats, as well as the ameliorating effect of physical activity or consumption of functional food containing bioactive compounds with antioxidative properties on oxidative damage in the rat liver. Methods The study was conducted from November 2012 to April 2013. Liver oxidative damage was determined by lipid peroxidation levels expressed in terms of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), while liver antioxidative status was determined by catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) activities, and glutathione (GSH) content. Sixty-four female Wistar rats were divided into eight groups: sham operated and ovariectomized rats that received either standard diet, high fat diet, or high fat diet supplemented with cereal selenized onion biscuits or high fat diet together with introduction of physical exercise of animals. Results High fat diet significantly increased TBARS content in the liver compared to standard diet (P = 0.032, P = 0.030). Furthermore, high fat diet decreased the activities of CAT, GR, and GST, as well as the content of GSH (P < 0.050). GPx activity remained unchanged in all groups. Physical activity and consumption of cereal selenized onion biscuits showed protective effect through increased GR activity in sham operated rats (P = 0.026, P = 0.009), while in ovariectomized group CAT activity was increased (P = 0.018) in rats that received cereal selenized onion biscuits. Conclusion Feeding rats with high fat diet was accompanied by decreased antioxidative enzyme activities and increased lipid peroxidation. Bioactive compounds of cereal selenized onion biscuits showed potential to attenuate the adverse impact of high fat diet on antioxidative status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeta Has-Schön
- Elizabeta Has-Schön, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia,
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Puljak
- Livia Puljak, University of Split School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Split, Croatia,
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomo Melmed
- Shlomo Melmed, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA,
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Bopegamage S, Kacerovsky M, Tambor V, Musilova I, Sarmirova S, Snelders E, de Jong AS, Vari SG, Melchers WJG, Galama JMD. Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) is not associated with presence of viral genomes in the amniotic fluid. J Clin Virol 2013; 58:559-63. [PMID: 24113293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of viral infections in preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes (PPROM) is not established. Studies on the presence of viral genomes in the amniotic fluid (AF) collected in pregnancies complicated by PPROM show contradictory outcomes. OBJECTIVES To investigate AF samples of PPROM pregnancies for the presence of viral genomes. STUDY DESIGN AF samples from patients with PPROM were collected during a 4-year (2008-2012) observational study. 174 women were included with selection criteria of singleton pregnancy, PPROM, and maternal age of 18 years and above. PCR was used for detection of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), parvovirus B19, human adenoviruses (HAdV), enteroviruses (EV) and human parechovirus (HPeV). The selection of these viral targets was based on literature regarding screening of AF for presence of viral genomes. RESULTS Only a single sample was positive out of the 174 tested AFs, HCMV DNA was detected. CONCLUSIONS PPROM is not associated with active viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhada Bopegamage
- Enterovirus Laboratory, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 83303 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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Vari SG, Müller G, Lerner JM, Naber RD. Telepathology and imaging spectroscopy as a new modality in histopathology. Stud Health Technol Inform 2000; 68:211-6. [PMID: 10724872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Telemedicine started in the late 1950's by transmitting data on patients' pulse and heart rates. In the 1980's it expanded to radiology and orthopedics. The technology is now expanding to other specialties that can digitally gather patient data. Telepathology comprises the transmission of microscopic images via telecommunication network. Image compression and multiplexing technologies enabled high-resolution telepathology as well as real-time video consultations over international telephone lines. Organ transplantation has become a viable treatment and offers new life to an increasing number of patients suffering from chronic end stage diseases and from irreversible organ failure. Rejection is still a major problem in kidney, liver, and heart transplantation. To gain further insight into the complex interactions within the components of the immune system, it has become increasingly necessary to develop rapid and simple methods to monitor the status of the immune system in patients. Clinical signs suggest organ rejection and abnormal laboratory test results, but only histological signs on biopsy specimens are adequately specific. The financial cost of organ transplant makes it imperative to develop tools for the early identification and treatment of organ rejection. An increasingly sensitive and accurate way of localizing key structures and abnormalities is through spectroscopy of either H&E stained samples or with a fluorescent tag (fluorophore) or by relying on natural fluorescence. The system is based on a unique Prism and Mirror Imaging Spectroscopy System ("PARISS), spectrometer originally designed and implemented for remote Earth monitoring from space and aircraft and astronomical imaging spectroscopy. Compact and lightweight both the mirror and prism are presently constructed in inexpensive glass but can also be injection molded in plastic. Any number of vendors anywhere in the world can produce all parts of the assembly. This greatly enhances the chances of future commercial viability. The Interactive Histopathology Consultation Network INTERPATH (PL961121) project integrated of remote control imaging microscopy system, imaging spectroscopy, and communication networks called SPECTROMIC. This telepethology unit will be a useful tool in the Regional and International Integrated Telemedicine Network for Medical Assistance in End Stage Diseases and Organ Transplant, RETRANSPLANT HC 4028 (HC) & IN 4028 (HC).
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Vari SG, Brugal G, Godo F, Bercic B, Nagy G, Avar G, Adelh D, Lagouarde P. Regional and international integrated telemedicine network for organ transplant (HC 4028 & IN 4028 European Commission DGXIII). Proc AMIA Symp 2000:873-7. [PMID: 11080009 PMCID: PMC2243705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A substantial portion of future medical practice will depend greatly on improved collaboration between the providers throughout the healthcare sector, and effective sharing of data and expertise by different healthcare professionals. In organ transplant it is a rule, donor organs are matched to recipients via national or multinational organ-sharing organizations. Only through close co-operation between transplant surgeons, immunologists, nephrologists, pathologists, radiologists and other physicians could one increase the efficiency of organ transplantation. Information technology (IT) has become an inevitable and inherent part of transplantation medicine. The RETRANSPLANT project interfaces and integrates IT from the European Union Fourth Framework projects to support the development of regional organ transplant information networks in Central Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Vari
- Varimed Ltd, Budapest, Szalanci u 5, H-1124, Hungary.
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Marcus J, Glassberg E, Dimino-Emme L, Yamamoto R, Moy RL, Vari SG, Papaioannou T, Pergadia VR, Snyder WJ, Grundfest WS. Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma using benzoporphyrin derivative. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1994; 20:375-82. [PMID: 8014262 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.1994.tb02621.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves laser light excitation of a tumor-localizing photosensitizer to destroy neoplasms. Benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD) is a new photosensitizer with several favorable characteristics. OBJECTIVE Studies were designed to: 1) assess the efficacy of BPD-mediated PDT in treating in vivo squamous cell carcinomas (SCC); 2) obtain dosimetry data for BPD and laser parameters; and 3) establish clinical and histologic correlates of BPD-induced tumor regression. METHODS Human SCC was implanted into nude mice. One group received BPD followed by laser light of 150 J/cm2 from an argon-pumped dye laser at 690 nm. Three control groups included laser energy alone, BPD alone, and no treatment. RESULTS At day 21 posttreatment only PDT-treated tumors showed a statistically significant decrease in tumor volume and complete cure rate. Clinical resolution (scar) correlated perfectly with histologic resolution (scar). CONCLUSION Human SCC in a nude mouse model responds to BPD-mediated PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marcus
- Division of Dermatology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90024
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Abstract
We investigated the effect of varying laser parameters on ablation of fresh bovine knee joint tissues (fibrocartilage, hyaline cartilage, and bone) with a free-running Ho:YAG laser. Ablation rate was measured in saline for each tissue type as a function of laser fluence (160-950 J/cm2), pulse width (150-450 microseconds, full width at half maximum), and fiber core diameter (400 and 600 microns). A weight that was attached to the fiber end was used to exert a constant pressure of 40 g/mm2 to the tissue underneath to ensure a constant contact between the fiber tip and the tissue throughout the ablation process. All tissues could be efficiently ablated, and the ablation rate increased linearly with the fluence. Change in laser pulse width and fiber core diameter resulted in minor variations in the ablation rate for fibro- and hyaline cartilage. On the other hand, use of longer pulses and/or the larger fiber significantly accelerated bone ablation. Histology analysis revealed that zones of thermal damage in Ho:YAG irradiated bovine knee joint tissues differed by tissue types and ranged between 100 and 400 microns, but were independent of fluence, pulse width, and fiber size within the range tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Shi
- Laser Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
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Abstract
The use of a XeCl excimer laser (308 nm) for biliary stone fragmentation is reported. Laser energy is delivered via UV grade fused silica fibers to the target stones immersed in normal saline solution. Sixty biliary calculi--pigment (n = 40), and cholesterol (n = 20)--were fragmented in vitro. The total energy delivered per unit mass of the stone is kept constant. Two energy fluences (80 and 110 mJ/mm2) at two repetition rates (5 and 20 Hz) delivered through fibers of two core sizes (300 and 600 microns) are utilized to study the effect of different laser parameters on the fragmentation process. Although both pigment and cholesterol stones are susceptible to excimer laser fragmentation, higher fragmentation efficiency is obtained for the pigment stones than for the cholesterol stones. Our study suggests that higher energy fluence and larger fiber core size result in higher fragmentation efficiency for pigment stones. Fragmentation thresholds at stone surface for a variety of biliary calculi of known composition were measured. The threshold energy fluence is approximately 3 mJ/mm2 and 17 mJ/mm2 for pigment and cholesterol stones, respectively. Our study indicates that the 308 nm excimer laser may be effective as a laser lithotriptor with low threshold and good efficiency for biliary stone fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Shi
- Laser Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048
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