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Shah A, Chaudhary S, Lakshmanan I, Aithal A, Kisling SG, Sorrell C, Marimuthu S, Gautam SK, Rauth S, Kshirsagar P, Cox JL, Natarajan G, Bhatia R, Mallya K, Rachagani S, Nasser MW, Ganti AK, Salgia R, Kumar S, Jain M, Ponnusamy MP, Batra SK. Chimeric antibody targeting unique epitope on onco-mucin16 reduces tumor burden in pancreatic and lung malignancies. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:74. [PMID: 37567918 PMCID: PMC10421872 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00423-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrantly expressed onco-mucin 16 (MUC16) and its post-cleavage generated surface tethered carboxy-terminal (MUC16-Cter) domain are strongly associated with poor prognosis and lethality of pancreatic (PC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To date, most anti-MUC16 antibodies are directed towards the extracellular domain of MUC16 (CA125), which is usually cleaved and shed in the circulation hence obscuring antibody accessibility to the cancer cells. Herein, we establish the utility of targeting a post-cleavage generated, surface-tethered oncogenic MUC16 carboxy-terminal (MUC16-Cter) domain by using a novel chimeric antibody in human IgG1 format, ch5E6, whose epitope expression directly correlates with disease severity in both cancers. ch5E6 binds and interferes with MUC16-associated oncogenesis, suppresses the downstream signaling pFAK(Y397)/p-p70S6K(T389)/N-cadherin axis and exert antiproliferative effects in cancer cells, 3D organoids, and tumor xenografts of both PC and NSCLC. The robust clinical correlations observed between MUC16 and N-cadherin in patient tumors and metastatic samples imply ch5E6 potential in targeting a complex and significantly occurring phenomenon of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated with disease aggressiveness. Our study supports evaluating ch5E6 with standard-of-care drugs, to potentially augment treatment outcomes in malignancies inflicted with MUC16-associated poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashu Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Abhijit Aithal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Sophia G Kisling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Claire Sorrell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Saravanakumar Marimuthu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Shailendra K Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Sanchita Rauth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Prakash Kshirsagar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Jesse L Cox
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Gopalakrishnan Natarajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Rakesh Bhatia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Kavita Mallya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Apar Kishor Ganti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System and University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Moorthy P Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
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Khan P, Siddiqui JA, Maurya SK, Mirzapoiazova T, Kshirsagar PG, Venkata RC, Chaudhary S, Kanchan R, Perumal N, Fatima M, Khan MA, Rehman AU, Lakshmanan I, Mahapatra S, Kulkarni P, Ganti AK, Jain M, Salgia R, Batra SK, Nasser MW. Abstract 3760: MicroRNA-1 run down the growth and metastasis of small cell lung cancer. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive and metastatic lung cancer subtype with universal relapse and poor prognosis. The lack of potential drug targets limits targeted therapies for SCLC patients. To track down the potential therapeutic molecules in SCLC, we performed micro-RNA sequencing from the serum samples of SCLC patients and compared with the bulk RNA-sequencing data from SCLC tumor tissues. A consistent downregulation of microRNA-1 (miR-1) was observed in the SCLC patient serum samples, cell lines, and tumor tissues compared to their matched normal control. Overexpression of miR-1 in SCLC cell lines decreased cell growth and oncogenic signaling. Metastatic studies using the intracardiac injection model of SCLC cell lines showed that miR-1 overexpression decreases distant organ metastasis. Interestingly, the loss of function studies using miR-1Zip/sponging showed increased tumorigenesis and metastasis in SCLC subcutaneous and intracardiac xenografts. Mechanistic investigations revealed the CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 axis as a unique downstream target of miR-1 in SCLC. We found that FOXM1 transcriptionally regulates the RRM2 expression by directly binding to its promoter site, and miR-1 modulates these interactions through CXCR4. The results of the present study provided a strong preclinical rationale that miR-1 has a high potential for developing innovative SCLC therapies.
Citation Format: Parvez Khan, Jawed A. Siddiqui, Shailendra Kumar Maurya, Tamara Mirzapoiazova, Prakash G. Kshirsagar, Ramakanth Chirravuri Venkata, Sanjib Chaudhary, Ranjana Kanchan, Naveenkumar Perumal, Mahek Fatima, Md Arafat Khan, Asad Ur Rehman, Imayavaramban Lakshmanan, Sidharth Mahapatra, Prakash Kulkarni, Apar Kishor Ganti, Maneesh Jain, Ravi Salgia, Surinder Kumar Batra, Mohd Wasim Nasser. MicroRNA-1 run down the growth and metastasis of small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3760.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvez Khan
- 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mahek Fatima
- 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maneesh Jain
- 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Ravi Salgia
- 2City of Hope's Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
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Chaudhary S, Appadurai MI, Maurya SK, Nallasamy P, Marimuthu S, Shah A, Atri P, Ramakanth CV, Lele SM, Seshacharyulu P, Ponnusamy MP, Nasser MW, Ganti AK, Batra SK, Lakshmanan I. MUC16 promotes triple-negative breast cancer lung metastasis by modulating RNA-binding protein ELAVL1/HUR. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:25. [PMID: 36918912 PMCID: PMC10012760 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01630-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly aggressive with an increased metastatic incidence compared to other breast cancer subtypes. However, due to the absence of clinically reliable biomarkers and targeted therapy in TNBC, outcomes are suboptimal. Hence, there is an urgent need to understand biological mechanisms that lead to identifying novel therapeutic targets for managing metastatic TNBC. METHODS The clinical significance of MUC16 and ELAVL1 or Hu antigen R (HuR) was examined using breast cancer TCGA data. Microarray was performed on MUC16 knockdown and scramble TNBC cells and MUC16-associated genes were identified using RNA immunoprecipitation and metastatic cDNA array. Metastatic properties of MUC16 were evaluated using tail vein experiment. MUC16 and HuR downstream pathways were confirmed by ectopic overexpression of MUC16-carboxyl-terminal (MUC16-Cter), HuR and cMyc as well as HuR inhibitors (MS-444 and CMLD-2) in TNBC cells. RESULTS MUC16 was highly expressed in TNBC and correlated with its target HuR. Depletion of MUC16 showed decreased invasion, migration, and colony formation abilities of human and mouse TNBC cells. Mice injected with MUC16 depleted cells were less likely to develop lung metastasis (P = 0.001). Notably, MUC16 and HuR were highly expressed in the lung tropic TNBC cells and lung metastases. Mechanistically, we identified cMyc as a HuR target in TNBC using RNA immunoprecipitation and metastatic cDNA array. Furthermore, MUC16 knockdown and pharmacological inhibition of HuR (MS-444 and CMLD-2) in TNBC cells showed a reduction in cMyc expression. MUC16-Cter or HuR overexpression models indicated MUC16/HuR/cMyc axis in TNBC cell migration. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified MUC16 as a TNBC lung metastasis promoter that acts through HuR/cMyc axis. This study will form the basis of future studies to evaluate the targeting of both MUC16 and HuR in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Muthamil Iniyan Appadurai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Shailendra Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Palanisamy Nallasamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Saravanakumar Marimuthu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Ashu Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Pranita Atri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Chirravuri Venkata Ramakanth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Subodh M Lele
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA
| | - Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Moorthy P Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA
| | - Mohd W Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Apar Kishor Ganti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
- Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68105-1850, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA.
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
| | - Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
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Khan P, Siddiqui JA, Kshirsagar PG, Venkata RC, Maurya SK, Mirzapoiazova T, Perumal N, Chaudhary S, Kanchan RK, Fatima M, Khan MA, Rehman AU, Lakshmanan I, Mahapatra S, Talmon GA, Kulkarni P, Ganti AK, Jain M, Salgia R, Batra SK, Nasser MW. MicroRNA-1 attenuates the growth and metastasis of small cell lung cancer through CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 axis. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:1. [PMID: 36597126 PMCID: PMC9811802 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01695-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive lung cancer subtype that is associated with high recurrence and poor prognosis. Due to lack of potential drug targets, SCLC patients have few therapeutic options. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) provide an interesting repertoire of therapeutic molecules; however, the identification of miRNAs regulating SCLC growth and metastasis and their precise regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. METHODS To identify novel miRNAs regulating SCLC, we performed miRNA-sequencing from donor/patient serum samples and analyzed the bulk RNA-sequencing data from the tumors of SCLC patients. Further, we developed a nanotechnology-based, highly sensitive method to detect microRNA-1 (miR-1, identified miRNA) in patient serum samples and SCLC cell lines. To assess the therapeutic potential of miR-1, we developed various in vitro models, including miR-1 sponge (miR-1Zip) and DOX-On-miR-1 (Tet-ON) inducible stable overexpression systems. Mouse models derived from intracardiac injection of SCLC cells (miR-1Zip and DOX-On-miR-1) were established to delineate the role of miR-1 in SCLC metastasis. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of miR-1 and target proteins (mouse and human tumor specimens), respectively. Dual-luciferase assay was used to validate the target of miR-1, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to investigate the protein-gene interactions. RESULTS A consistent downregulation of miR-1 was observed in tumor tissues and serum samples of SCLC patients compared to their matched normal controls, and these results were recapitulated in SCLC cell lines. Gain of function studies of miR-1 in SCLC cell lines showed decreased cell growth and oncogenic signaling, whereas loss of function studies of miR-1 rescued this effect. Intracardiac injection of gain of function of miR-1 SCLC cell lines in the mouse models showed a decrease in distant organ metastasis, whereas loss of function of miR-1 potentiated growth and metastasis. Mechanistic studies revealed that CXCR4 is a direct target of miR-1 in SCLC. Using unbiased transcriptomic analysis, we identified CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 as a unique axis that regulates SCLC growth and metastasis. Our results further showed that FOXM1 directly binds to the RRM2 promoter and regulates its activity in SCLC. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that miR-1 is a critical regulator for decreasing SCLC growth and metastasis. It targets the CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 axis and has a high potential for the development of novel SCLC therapies. MicroRNA-1 (miR-1) downregulation in the tumor tissues and serum samples of SCLC patients is an important hallmark of tumor growth and metastasis. The introduction of miR-1 in SCLC cell lines decreases cell growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, miR-1 directly targets CXCR4, which further prevents FOXM1 binding to the RRM2 promoter and decreases SCLC growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvez Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Prakash G Kshirsagar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | | | - Shailendra Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Tamara Mirzapoiazova
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Naveenkumar Perumal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ranjana Kumari Kanchan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Mahek Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Md Arafat Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Asad Ur Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sidharth Mahapatra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Geoffrey A Talmon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Prakash Kulkarni
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Apar K Ganti
- Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, VA-Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Surinder Kumar Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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Barik S, Garg V, Sinha SK, Chaudhary S, Kandwal P, Singh V. A Meta-Analysis on Comparison of Open vs Closed Reduction of Gartland Type 3 Supracondylar Humerus Fractures in Children. Acta Chir Orthop Traumatol Cech 2023; 90:198-205. [PMID: 37395427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Although there are numerous studies on outcomes and comparison of open and closed reduction but there is no clarity on relationship between outcomes and complications with type of surgical intervention done for Type 3 Gartland supracondylar humerus fracture. The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes and complications of closed vs open reduction in Type 3 Gartland supracondylar humerus fractures. MATERIAL AND METHODS Electronic literature searches of Embase, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library was conducted in February 2022 using the terms "supracondylar", "humerus", "fracture", "Gartland type 3" and synonymous. The data extracted included the study details, demographic data, procedure performed, final functional and cosmetic outcome according to Flynn criteria and complications of included studies. RESULTS Pooled data analysis revealed no significant difference in mean satisfactory outcome rate according to Flynn cosmetic criteria in open group (97%, 95% CI 95.5%-98.5%), as compared to closed group (97.5%, 95% CI 96.3%-98.7%), although a statistically significant difference in mean satisfactory rate according to Flynn functional criteria in open group (93.4%, 95% CI 90.8%- 96.1%) as compared to closed group (98.5%, 95% CI 97.5%-99.4%) was noted. On separate comparison of the two-arm studies, closed reduction favoured better functional outcomes (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.86-0.99). CONCLUSIONS Closed reduction and percutaneous fixation have better functional outcome than open reduction with K-wire fixation. But there was no significant difference in cosmetic outcomes, overall complication rate and nerve injury with either open or closed reduction. The threshold of converting a closed reduction to an open reduction in supracondylar humerus fractures of children should be high. Key words: supracondylar humerus, open reduction, percutaneous pinning, Flynn criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Barik
- Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - V Garg
- Department of Orthopaedics All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - S K Sinha
- Department of Orthopaedics All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - S Chaudhary
- Department of Orthopaedics All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - P Kandwal
- Department of Orthopaedics All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - V Singh
- Department of Orthopaedics All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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Chaudhary S, Das L, Sharma N, Sachdeva N, Bhansali A, Dutta P. Utility of myxedema score as a predictor of mortality in myxedema coma. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:59-65. [PMID: 35945394 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01884-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myxedema crisis (MC) is a rare condition. There is a dearth of data regarding the predictors of mortality in MC. Predictive scores for mortality specific to the clinical and biochemical profile of MC are still lacking. DESIGN AND METHODS All consecutive patients presenting with MC from September 2006 to December 2020 comprised the new cohort. Patients managed between January 1999 and August 2006 comprised the old cohort. Both cohorts were compared for the determination of secular trends. Combined analysis of both the cohorts was done for clinico-demographic profile and predictors of mortality. Myxedema score (MS) and qSOFA (Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) score were evaluated in all the patients. RESULTS A total of forty-one patients (new cohort; n = 18 and old cohort; n = 23) were enrolled into the study. There was a female predominance (80.5%). Nearly half (51.2%) of the patients were newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism on admission. Overall mortality was 60.9%. On comparative analysis among survivors and non-survivors, female gender (OR 20.4, p value 0.018), need for mechanical ventilation (OR16.4, p value 0.009), in-hospital hypotension (OR 9.1, p value 0.020), and high qSOFA score (OR 7.1, p value 0.023) predicted mortality. MS of > 90 had significantly higher mortality (OR-11.8, p value - 0.026) while MS of > 110 had 100% mortality. There was no change in secular trends over last 20 years. There was no difference in outcome of patients receiving oral or IV levothyroxine. CONCLUSION Myxedema crisis is associated with high mortality despite improvement in health care services. The current study is first to elucidate the role of the MS in predicting mortality in patients with MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaudhary
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Nehru Extension Block, 1012, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - L Das
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Nehru Extension Block, 1012, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - N Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - N Sachdeva
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Nehru Extension Block, 1012, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - A Bhansali
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Nehru Extension Block, 1012, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - P Dutta
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Nehru Extension Block, 1012, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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Chaudhary S, Walia R, Bhansali A, Dayal D, Sachdeva N, Singh T, Bhadada SK. Unravelling a novel, promising and convenient tool for differential diagnosis of delayed puberty: GnRHa-stimulated inhibin B (GnRH-iB). J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:2265-2273. [PMID: 35841519 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01858-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Etiological diagnosis of delayed puberty is difficult. Despite availability of various basal and stimulation tests differentiation between constitutional delay in puberty and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is still challenging. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the role of GnRH agonist-stimulated inhibin B (GnRH-iB) for the differential diagnosis of delayed puberty. STUDY DESIGN Participants were recruited into "exploratory cohort" (n = 39) and "validation cohort" (n = 16). "Exploratory cohort" included children with spontaneous puberty and patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. "Validation cohort" constituted children who presented with delayed puberty. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME GnRHa (Triptorelin) stimulation test along with measurement of inhibin B level at 24 h after GnRHa injection was performed in all the study participants. Cut-offs for GnRH-iB were derived from the "exploratory cohort". These cut-offs were applied to the "validation cohort". Basal LH, basal inhibin B(INH-B), GnRHa-stimulated LH at 4 h (GnRH-LH) and GnRH-iB were evaluated for the prediction of onset of puberty on prospective follow-up. RESULTS GnRH-iB at a cut-off value of 113.5 pg/ml in boys and 72.6 pg/ml in girls had 100% sensitivity and specificity for the documentation of puberty. In the "validation cohort" basal LH, basal INH-B, GnRH-LH, and GnRH-iB had a diagnostic accuracy of 68.75%, 81.25%, 68.75% and 93.75% respectively, for the prediction of onset of puberty. Basal LH, basal INH-B and GnRH-LH used alone or in combination were inferior to GnRH-iB used alone. CONCLUSION GnRHa-stimulated inhibin B (GnRH-iB) is a convenient and easily employable test for the differentiation of constitutional delay in puberty from hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. CTRI REGISTRATION NO CTRI/2019/10/021570.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaudhary
- Department of Endocrinology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - R Walia
- Department of Endocrinology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - A Bhansali
- Department of Endocrinology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - D Dayal
- Department of Paediatrics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - N Sachdeva
- Department of Endocrinology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - T Singh
- Department of Radiology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - S K Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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8
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Lakshmanan I, Marimuthu S, Chaudhary S, Seshacharyulu P, Rachagani S, Muniyan S, Chirravuri-Venkata R, Atri P, Rauth S, Nimmakayala RK, Siddiqui JA, Gautam SK, Shah A, Natarajan G, Parte S, Bhyravbhatla N, Mallya K, Haridas D, Talmon GA, Smith LM, Kumar S, Ganti AK, Jain M, Ponnusamy MP, Batra SK. Muc16 depletion diminishes KRAS-induced tumorigenesis and metastasis by altering tumor microenvironment factors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 2022; 41:5147-5159. [PMID: 36271032 PMCID: PMC9841597 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02493-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
MUC16, membrane-bound mucin, plays an oncogenic role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the pathological role of MUC16 in the PDAC progression, tumor microenvironment, and metastasis in cooperation with KrasG12D and Trp53R172H mutations remains unknown. Deletion of Muc16 with activating mutations KrasG12D/+ and Trp53R172H/+ in mice significantly decreased progression and prolonged overall survival in KrasG12D/+; Trp53R172H/+; Pdx-1-Cre; Muc16-/- (KPCM) and KrasG12D/+; Pdx-1-Cre; Muc16-/- (KCM), as compared to KrasG12D/+; Trp53R172H/+; Pdx-1-Cre (KPC) and KrasG12D/+; Pdx-1-Cre (KC) mice, respectively. Muc16 knockout pancreatic tumor (KPCM) displays decreased tumor microenvironment factors and significantly reduced incidence of liver and lung metastasis compared to KPC. Furthermore, in silico data analysis showed a positive correlation of MUC16 with activated stroma and metastasis-associated genes. KPCM mouse syngeneic cells had significantly lower metastatic and endothelial cell binding abilities than KPC cells. Similarly, KPCM organoids significantly decreased the growth rate compared to KPC organoids. Interestingly, RNA-seq data revealed that the cytoskeletal proteins Actg2, Myh11, and Pdlim3 were downregulated in KPCM tumors. Further knockdown of these genes showed reduced metastatic potential. Overall, our results demonstrate that Muc16 alters the tumor microenvironment factors during pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis by changing the expression of Actg2, Myh11, and Pdlim3 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Saravanakumar Marimuthu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Sakthivel Muniyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Ramakanth Chirravuri-Venkata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Pranita Atri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Sanchita Rauth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Rama Krishna Nimmakayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Shailendra K Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Ashu Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Gopalakrishnan Natarajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Seema Parte
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Namita Bhyravbhatla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Kavita Mallya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Dhanya Haridas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Geoffrey A Talmon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA
| | - Lynette M Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-4375, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Apar Kishor Ganti
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
- Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, and University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68105-1850, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Moorthy P Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.
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9
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Chaudhary S, Kędziera D, Rafiński Z, Dobrzańska L. Polymorphism in a series of dipodal N-donor ligands containing a biphenyl core. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322090921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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10
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Brahmbhatt N, Mishra V, Aggrawal R, Chaudhary S, Shah K, Priya P, Solanki S, Sheth H, Patel K, Suthar A, Patel K, Repswal P, Dongare A. P-059 Effect of outcome of microfluidic sperm sorter and conventional swim-up technique on DNA integrity of the sperm. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Does the approach of sperm preparation technique plays any role in sperm DNA Integrity
Summary answer
Outcome of the semen sample is directly proportional to the choice of preparation technique. Microfluidics improves sperm selection and results in better sperm DNA integrity
What is known already
Microfluidic systems are promising tools for fluid manipulation that can noninvasively separate motile sperm with higher hydrodynamics profile from the lower ones. It also enables to manipulate micro swimmers as compared to the traditional methods that to without centrifugation .As it is already known that Semen analysis and preparation is one of the most important aspects in andrology and microfluidics can improve sperm analysis and selection, therefore increasing the ART success rates
Study design, size, duration
Comparative study from July 2019 to Dec 2021 in IVF unit of IKDRC Hospital .A total number of 900 patients were enrolled in the study and were randomized by using computer generated list then divided into two groups, Group A contains 460 samples and Group B having 440 samples.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Group A (n = 460) sample was prepared by using Microfluidic sperm Sorting technique and Group B (n = 440) sample was prepared by conventional Swim up technique. Samples were analyzed according to WHO 2010 laboratory manual for examination and processing of human sperm, including all normozoospermic samples. Primary outcomes of the study was DNA Fragmentation index (DFI) and it was evaluated by using sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test and secondary outcomes was Progressive motility .
Main results and the role of chance
DNA fragmentation index is significantly lower in group A where Microfluidic Sperm Sorting technique (MFSS )is used than in group B where conventional swim up technique is use (10.06% vs 34.2%, p<0.0001) significant values implies that DNA integrity is better in group A than in group B and progressive motility was also found to be significantly higher in group A as compared to group B (57.6%vs16.9%, p <0.001).
Limitations, reasons for caution
As sample size was smaller, larger randomized control studies are needed to strengthen these results and all normal samples were used for the analysis and preparation , abnormal parameters were not involved .
Wider implications of the findings
According to our study the samples prepared by Microfluidic technique have higher DNA integrity than samples prepared by Swim up technique. Lower DNA Fragmentation index in microfluidics outcome indicates lower DNA damage. Choice of technique for the preparation of semen sample also plays a key role in better sperm selection.
Trial registration number
N/A
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Affiliation(s)
- N Brahmbhatt
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae , Embryology, ahemdabad, India
| | - V Mishra
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae, obstetrics and gynaecology , ahemdabad, India
| | - R Aggrawal
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae, obstetrics and gynaecology , ahemdabad, India
| | - S Chaudhary
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae, obstetrics and gynaecology , ahemdabad, India
| | - K Shah
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae, obstetrics and gynaecology , ahemdabad, India
| | - P Priya
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae, obstetrics and gynaecology , ahemdabad, India
| | - S Solanki
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae, obstetrics and gynaecology , ahemdabad, India
| | - H Sheth
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae , Embryology, ahemdabad, India
| | - K Patel
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae , Embryology, ahemdabad, India
| | - A Suthar
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae , Embryology, ahemdabad, India
| | - K Patel
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae , Embryology, ahemdabad, India
| | - P Repswal
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae , Embryology, ahemdabad, India
| | - A Dongare
- IVF Unit -Department of obs and gynae, obstetrics and gynaecology , ahemdabad, India
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11
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Khan P, Siddiqui JA, Maurya SK, Mirzapoiazova T, Kanchan R, Venkata RC, Atri P, Tang W, Perumal N, Kshirsagar P, Fatima M, Khan MA, Chaudhary S, Rehman AU, Lakshmanan I, Mahapatra S, Kulkarni P, Ganti AK, Jain M, Oupicky D, Salgia R, Batra SK, Nasser MW. Abstract 1489: MicroRNA-1 targets CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 axis regulating small cell lung cancer growth and metastasis. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a high-grade neuroendocrine metastatic lung cancer subtype having a universal relapse and poor prognosis. Limited or extensive-stage SCLC patients have limited therapeutic options due to a lack of potential drug targets. In the quest for novel therapeutic molecules, we performed micro-RNA sequencing from the serum samples and also analyzed bulk RNA-sequencing data from tumors of SCLC patients. We found a consistent downregulation of miR-1 in SCLC. These results were recapitulated in SCLC cell lines and tumor tissues compared to their matched normal. To assess the therapeutic potential of miR-1, we overexpressed miR-1 in SCLC cell lines that translated into decreased cell growth and oncogenic signaling. Mechanistic studies revealed that CXCR4 is a direct target for miR-1 in SCLC. Intracardiac injection of SCLC cell lines in the mouse models showed that overexpression of miR-1 decreases the distant organ metastasis, whereas miR-1 sponging potentiates aggressiveness and metastasis. Furthermore, we identified FOXM1-RRM2 as a unique downstream target of the miR-1/CXCR4 axis involved in the growth and metastasis of SCLC. Our results showed that FOXM1 directly binds to the promoter site of RRM2 and regulates its activity. Overexpression of miR-1 decreases the expression and activity of FOXM1-RRM2 through CXCR4 that reduces cell growth and metastasis. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-1 decreases SCLC metastasis by targeting the CXCR4/FOXM1-RRM2 axis and has a high potential for the development of novel SCLC therapies.
Citation Format: Parvez Khan, Jawed A. Siddiqui, Shailendra Kumar Maurya, Tamara Mirzapoiazova, Ranjana Kanchan, Ramakanth Chirravuri Venkata, Pranita Atri, Wemin Tang, NaveenKumar Perumal, Prakash Kshirsagar, Mahek Fatima, Md Arafat Khan, Sanjib Chaudhary, Asad Ur Rehman, Imayavaramban Lakshmanan, Sidharth Mahapatra, Prakash Kulkarni, Apar Kishor Ganti, Maneesh Jain, David Oupicky, Ravi Salgia, Surinder Kumar Batra, Mohd Wasim Nasser. MicroRNA-1 targets CXCR4/FOXM1/RRM2 axis regulating small cell lung cancer growth and metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1489.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvez Khan
- 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pranita Atri
- 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Wemin Tang
- 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | | | | | - Mahek Fatima
- 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maneesh Jain
- 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | | | - Ravi Salgia
- 2City of Hope's Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
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12
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Maurya SK, Siddiqui JA, Gautama SK, Kanchan RK, Pothuraju R, Natarajan G, Atri P, Venkata RC, Bhatia R, Khan P, Rehmana AU, Chaudhary S, Perumal N, Mahapatra S, Chand HS, Jain M, Santamaria-Barriab JA, Cittelly DM, Batra SK, Nasser MW. Abstract 2431: A novel role of MUC5AC/CD44v6/c-Met axis in breast cancer brain metastasis. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-2431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Brain metastasis (BrM) is one of the leading causes of mortality in breast cancer (BC). Although BrM is associated with all BC subtypes, but it is more prevalent in triple-negative and HER2+ BC patients. Recent advancements in the multimodality treatment of primary BC have prolonged patient survival, which has in turn increased the incidence of BrM. Due to the lack of understanding of BC-BrM, there is no reliable biomarker and effective therapeutic strategy. In this regard, using publicly available databases and RNA-Seq analysis, we observed that secretory mucin MUC5AC is significantly upregulated in BC brain metastatic cell lines and tissues compared to their respective control. We validated these observations in brain-seeking BC (BSBC) cell lines and brain metastatic tissues at protein levels. Interestingly, we found that the MUC5AC levels were significantly increased in the serum of CNS metastatic patients relative to healthy donors and BC patients. Our functional studies revealed that silencing of MUC5AC in BSBC cell lines showed a significant decrease in cell adhesion, migration, brain metastatic potential, and increased survival of mice. Exploring the molecular mechanism further revealed that MUC5AC interacts with CD44v6 and c-Met and deletion of MUC5AC demonstrated a decrease in the expression of c-MET and CD44v6. Furthermore, pharmacological targeting of MUC5AC through c-Met inhibitor reduces the expression of CD44v6 and MUC5AC, suggesting that c-Met inhibitors could be used as a novel therapeutics for targeting MUC5AC and thereby attenuating BC brain metastasis. Altogether, our study demonstrates that MUC5AC/CD44v6/c-Met axis could be used as a novel approach to prevent breast cancer brain metastasis.
Citation Format: Shailendra Kumar Maurya, Jawed A. Siddiqui, Shailendra K. Gautama, Ranjana K. Kanchan, Ramesh Pothuraju, Gopalakrishnan Natarajan, Pranita Atri, Ramakanth C. Venkata, Rakesh Bhatia, Parvez Khan, Asad Ur Rehmana, Sanjib Chaudhary, Naveenkumar Perumal, Sidharth Mahapatra, Hitendra S. Chand, Maneesh Jain, Juan A. Santamaria-Barriab, Diana M. Cittelly, Surinder K. Batra, Mohd W. Nasser. A novel role of MUC5AC/CD44v6/c-Met axis in breast cancer brain metastasis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 2431.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pranita Atri
- 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | | | | | - Parvez Khan
- 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Maneesh Jain
- 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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13
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Shrestha K, Sharma P, Shah S, Thomas M, Franco PM, Guru P, Chaudhary S. Hyperammonemia Refractory to Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, a Fatal Complication Post-Lung Transplant. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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14
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Pothuraju R, Pai P, Chaudhary S, Siddiqui JA, Cox JL, Kaur S, Rachagani S, Roy HK, Bouvet M, Batra SK. Depletion of transmembrane mucin 4 (Muc4) alters intestinal homeostasis in a genetically engineered mouse model of colorectal cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:2025-2046. [PMID: 35255004 PMCID: PMC8954958 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mucins are components of the mucus layer overlying the intestinal epithelial cells, which maintains physiological homeostasis. Altered mucin expression is associated with disease progression. Expression of MUC4 decreases in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, its functional role and implications in the intestinal pathology in CRC are not studied well. Therefore, we generated a genetically engineered Muc4 knockout (Muc4-/-) CRC mouse model by crossing with Muc4-/- and Apcflox/flox mice in the presence of colon-specific inducible Cre. We observed that deficiency of Muc4 results in an increased number of macroscopic tumors in the colon and rectal region and leads to poor survival. Further, the absence of Muc4 was associated with goblet cell dysfunction where the expression of intestinal homeostasis molecules (Muc2 and Fam3D) was downregulated. Next, we also observed that loss of Muc4 showed reduced thickness of mucus layer, leading to infiltration of bacteria, reduction in anti-microbial peptides, and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further, Apc gene mutation results in activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that corroborated with an increased nuclear accumulation of β-catenin and activation of its target genes: cyclin D1 and c-Myc in Muc4-/- mice was observed. We conclude that the presence of Muc4 is essential for intestinal homeostasis, reduces tumor burden, and improves overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Priya Pai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jawed A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jesse L Cox
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Hemant K Roy
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael Bouvet
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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15
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Chaudhary S, Lakshmanan I, Ganti AK, Macha MA, Batra SK. Reply. Cancer Lett 2022; 527:193-194. [PMID: 35115095 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA
| | - Apar Kishor Ganti
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Division of Oncology-Hematology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68105, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir, 192122, India
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE-68198, USA.
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16
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Abstract
An imbalance in the crosstalk between the host and gut microbiota affects the intestinal barrier function, which results in inflammatory diseases and colorectal cancer. The colon epithelium protects itself from a harsh environment and various pathogenic organisms by forming a double mucus layer, primarily comprising mucins. Recent studies are focusing on how dietary patterns alter the gut microbiota composition, which in turn regulates mucin expression and maintains the intestinal layers. In addition, modulation of gut microbiota by microbiotic therapy (involving fecal microbiota transplantation) has emerged as a significant factor in the pathologies associated with dysbiosis. Therefore, proper communication between host and gut microbiota via different dietary patterns (prebiotics and probiotics) is needed to maintain mucus composition, mucin synthesis, and regulation. Here, we review how the interactions between diet and gut microbiota and bacterial metabolites (postbiotics) regulate mucus layer functionalities and mucin expression in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Hemant K. Roy
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Bouvet
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA,CONTACT Surinder K. Batra Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Seshacharyulu P, Halder S, Nimmakayala R, Rachagani S, Chaudhary S, Atri P, Chirravuri-Venkata R, Ouellette MM, Carmicheal J, Gautam SK, Vengoji R, Wang S, Li S, Smith L, Talmon GA, Klute K, Ly Q, Reames BN, Grem JL, Berim L, Padussis JC, Kaur S, Kumar S, Ponnusamy MP, Jain M, Lin C, Batra SK. Disruption of FDPS/Rac1 axis radiosensitizes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by attenuating DNA damage response and immunosuppressive signalling. EBioMedicine 2021; 75:103772. [PMID: 34971971 PMCID: PMC8718746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiation therapy (RT) has a suboptimal effect in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) due to intrinsic and acquired radioresistance (RR). Comprehensive bioinformatics and microarray analysis revealed that cholesterol biosynthesis (CBS) is involved in the RR of PDAC. We now tested the inhibition of the CBS pathway enzyme, farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS), by zoledronic acid (Zol) to enhance radiation and activate immune cells. Methods We investigated the role of FDPS in PDAC RR using the following methods: in vitro cell-based assay, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, immunoblot, cell-based cholesterol assay, RNA sequencing, tumouroids (KPC-murine and PDAC patient-derived), orthotopic models, and PDAC patient's clinical study. Findings FDPS overexpression in PDAC tissues and cells (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05) is associated with poor RT response and survival (P = 0.024). CRISPR/Cas9 and pharmacological inhibition (Zol) of FDPS in human and mouse syngeneic PDAC cells in conjunction with RT conferred higher PDAC radiosensitivity in vitro (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001) and in vivo (P < 0.05). Interestingly, murine (P = 0.01) and human (P = 0.0159) tumouroids treated with Zol+RT showed a significant growth reduction. Mechanistically, RNA-Seq analysis of the PDAC xenografts and patients-PBMCs revealed that Zol exerts radiosensitization by affecting Rac1 and Rho prenylation, thereby modulating DNA damage and radiation response signalling along with improved systemic immune cells activation. An ongoing phase I/II trial (NCT03073785) showed improved failure-free survival (FFS), enhanced immune cell activation, and decreased microenvironment-related genes upon Zol+RT treatment. Interpretation Our findings suggest that FDPS is a novel radiosensitization target for PDAC therapy. This study also provides a rationale to utilize Zol as a potential radiosensitizer and as an immunomodulator in PDAC and other cancers. Funding National Institutes of Health (P50, P01, and R01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA.
| | - Sushanta Halder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Nimmakayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Pranita Atri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Ramakanth Chirravuri-Venkata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Michel M Ouellette
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Joseph Carmicheal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Shailendra K Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Raghupathy Vengoji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6861, USA
| | - Sicong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6861, USA
| | - Lynette Smith
- Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Geoffrey A Talmon
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kelsey Klute
- Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Quan Ly
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Bradley N Reames
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jean L Grem
- Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Lyudmyla Berim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - James C Padussis
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Moorthy P Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Chi Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6861, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Chaudhary S, Ranamagar R, Shrestha L, Pun DB, Karmacharya P, Mahotra NB. The Postural Effects on Electrical Activities of Heart in Apparently Healthy Young Adults. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2021; 19:499-502. [PMID: 36259195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background The electrical activities of heart recorded as electrocardiogram (ECG) are mostly done in supine postures. The body postural changes have effects in these electrical activities in heart which needs to be properly recognized. Objective To find the variations in electrocardiogram during postural changes from supine to upright i.e. sitting and standing postures among apparently healthy young adults. Method A cross sectional study was carried out in Manipal College of Medical Sciences after the institutional ethical clearance. The apparently healthy 30 Nepalese male medical students between 18-25 years of age were enrolled. The electrocardiography was elicited in supine, sitting and standing postures in the participants after 5 minutes' interval between each procedure in each participant. Result The highest mean amplitudes of Q wave were seen in sitting postures (0.12±0.04 mm), R wave in standing postures (1.46±0.55 mm) and S wave also in standing postures (0.23±0.2 mm). The mean amplitudes of Q and S waves showed statistically significant difference when compared between supine and upright postures. The maximum QRS duration was found while sitting (0.08±0.01 ms)and maximum heart rate in standing posture (82.43±10.59/min). The mean comparison of heart rate was statistically highly significant when compared between supine and standing postures. The mean QRS frontal axis was comparatively increased while standing (64.30±39.29). Conclusion The electrical activities of heart vary during postural changes among apparently healthy young adults. These changes are most prominent when compared between supine and standing postures which urges for careful interpretation of electrocardiogram if it is done in upright postures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaudhary
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - R Ranamagar
- Department of Physiology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - L Shrestha
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - D B Pun
- Department of Physiology, Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Karnali, Nepal
| | - P Karmacharya
- Department of Physiology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - N B Mahotra
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Chaudhary S, Pothuraju R, Rachagani S, Siddiqui JA, Atri P, Mallya K, Nasser MW, Sayed Z, Lyden ER, Smith L, Gupta SD, Ralhan R, Lakshmanan I, Jones DT, Ganti AK, Macha MA, Batra SK. Dual blockade of EGFR and CDK4/6 delays head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression by inducing metabolic rewiring. Cancer Lett 2021; 510:79-92. [PMID: 33878394 PMCID: PMC8153085 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite preclinical success, monotherapies targeting EGFR or cyclin D1-CDK4/6 in Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have shown a limited clinical outcome. Here, we aimed to determine the combined effect of palbociclib (CDK4/6) and afatinib (panEGFR) inhibitors as an effective strategy to target HNSCC. Using TCGA-HNSCC co-expression analysis, we found that patients with high EGFR and cyclin D1 expression showed enrichment of gene clusters associated with cell-growth, glycolysis, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition processes. Phosphorylated S6 (p-S6), a downstream effector of EGFR and cyclin D1-CDK4/6 signalling, showed a progressive increase from normal oral tissues to leukoplakia and frank malignancy, and associated with poor outcome of the patients. This increased p-S6 expression was drastically reduced after combination treatment with afatinib and palbociclib in the cell lines and mouse models, suggesting its utiliy as a prognostic marker in HNSCC. Combination treatment also reduced the cell growth and induced cell senescence via increasing reactive oxygen species with concurrent ablation of glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. Finally, our findings in sub-cutaneous and genetically engineered mouse model (K14-CreERtam;LSL-KrasG12D/+;Trp53R172H/+) studies showed a significant reduction in the tumor growth and delayed tumor progression after combination treatment. This study collectively demonstrates that dual targeting may be a critical therapeutic strategy in blocking tumor progression via inducing metabolic alteration and warrants clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jawed A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Pranita Atri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Kavita Mallya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Mohd W Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Zafar Sayed
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Lyden
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Lynette Smith
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Siddhartha D Gupta
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ranju Ralhan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Dwight T Jones
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Apar Kishor Ganti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68105, USA.
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir, 192122, India.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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Sahu S, Karn RR, Ram D, Malla T, Chaudhary S, Singh SK. Comparative Study on Knowledge and Awareness of Common Ocular Diseases Among Rural and Urban Community in Siraha District of Nepal: The Lahan Study. Nepal J Ophthalmol 2021; 13:13-21. [PMID: 33981093 DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v13i1.28010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Awareness and knowledge about the common ocular conditions can help people to seek early eye care services. The understanding and acceptance of the importance of routine eye examinations can help in timely detection and treatment of the eye diseases and thus help to reduce the burden of avoidable ocular blindness from the general population. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess and analyze the information related to knowledge and awareness of common ocular diseases and eye health among the rural and urban communities of the Siraha district, Nepal. MATERIALS AND METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2018 in Lahan Municipality ward number 6 (urban) and Sakhuwa Nankarkatti Rural Municipality ward number 4 (rural) in Siraha district. The sample size of 975 was calculated from study population of 3247. A systematic random sampling technique was used to interview adults above 18 years of age, using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed. RESULTS Out of total 975 participants, 514 (52.7%) were from rural community in Sakhuwa Rural Municipality and 461 (47.3%) were from urban community in Lahan Municipality. The mean age was 38.38 ± 15 years. Female participants were more (63.2%) compared to male (36.8%). Overall, 58.3% were literate and 41.7% were illiterate. Rural community had more uneducated participants (48%) compared to urban community (34%). In rural community, 69% were aware about cataract, 83% had knowledge about its treatment; while in urban community 81% were aware about cataract and 86% had knowledge about its treatment. The awareness of glaucoma among the participants was poor, more so in rural cohort (15%) than the urban cohort (25%). The knowledge of glaucoma was 14% in rural and 62% in urban cohort. Awareness that diabetes can affect the eye was found to be significantly lower (p = 0.01) in rural population (25%) compared to that in urban population (41%) in this study. The knowledge about diabetic retinopathy was lower in rural community (38%) compared to urban community (49%). Awareness about Night Blindness was lesser in rural (62%) compared to urban (70%) community (p = 0.17). Awareness about refractive errors were 37% in rural compared to 60% in urban community. The major sources of information were society and eye hospital in both community. CONCLUSION The knowledge and awareness level regarding common ocular diseases was high among the community people of urban community (Lahan) in comparison to rural community (Sakhuwa Nankarkatti). Awareness and knowledge level mainly regarding glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy was very poor in both urban and rural community. There is need to conduct comprehensive awareness programs on common ocular diseases like cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, night blindness, congenital eye disease, ocular trauma, eye donations and others in both rural and urban areas to raise the awareness level and improve attitudes and right practices reducing the burden of avoidable blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabin Sahu
- Consultant Ophthalmologist, Sagarmatha Choudhary Eye Hospital, Lahan, Nepal
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21
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Lakshmanan I, Chaudhary S, Vengoji R, Seshacharyulu P, Rachagani S, Carmicheal J, Jahan R, Atri P, Chirravuri‐Venkata R, Gupta R, Marimuthu S, Perumal N, Rauth S, Kaur S, Mallya K, Smith LM, Lele SM, Ponnusamy MP, Nasser MW, Salgia R, Batra SK, Ganti AK. ST6GalNAc-I promotes lung cancer metastasis by altering MUC5AC sialylation. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:1866-1881. [PMID: 33792183 PMCID: PMC8253099 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. However, the molecular mechanisms associated with the development of metastasis are poorly understood. Understanding the biology of LC metastasis is critical to unveil the molecular mechanisms for designing targeted therapies. We developed two genetically engineered LC mouse models KrasG12D/+ ; Trp53R172H/+ ; Ad-Cre (KPA) and KrasG12D/+ ; Ad-Cre (KA). Survival analysis showed significantly (P = 0.0049) shorter survival in KPA tumor-bearing mice as compared to KA, suggesting the aggressiveness of the model. Our transcriptomic data showed high expression of N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2, 6-sialyltransferase 1 (St6galnac-I) in KPA compared to KA tumors. ST6GalNAc-I is an O-glycosyltransferase, which catalyzes the addition of sialic acid to the initiating GalNAc residues forming sialyl Tn (STn) on glycoproteins, such as mucins. Ectopic expression of species-specific p53 mutants in the syngeneic mouse and human LC cells led to increased cell migration and high expression of ST6GalNAc-I, STn, and MUC5AC. Immunoprecipitation of MUC5AC in the ectopically expressing p53R175H cells exhibited higher affinity toward STn. In addition, ST6GalNAc-I knockout (KO) cells also showed decreased migration, possibly due to reduced glycosylation of MUC5AC as observed by low STn on the glycoprotein. Interestingly, ST6GalNAc-I KO cells injected mice developed less liver metastasis (P = 0.01) compared to controls, while colocalization of MUC5AC and STn was observed in the liver metastatic tissues of control mice. Collectively, our findings support the hypothesis that mutant p53R175H mediates ST6GalNAc-I expression, leading to the sialyation of MUC5AC, and thus contribute to LC liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Raghupathy Vengoji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | | | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Joseph Carmicheal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Rahat Jahan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Pranita Atri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | | | - Rohitesh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Saravanakumar Marimuthu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Naveenkumar Perumal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Sanchita Rauth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Kavita Mallya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Lynette M. Smith
- Department of BiostatisticsCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Subodh M. Lele
- Department of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Moorthy P. Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied DiseasesOmahaNEUSA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer CenterUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Mohd W. Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer CenterUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics ResearchCity of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterBeckman Research InstituteDuarteCAUSA
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied DiseasesOmahaNEUSA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer CenterUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Apar Kishor Ganti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer CenterUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineVA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care SystemUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
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Polani Chandrasekar R, Saravana Kumar D, Dzeyie K, Vignesh M, Sankara D, Raveendran I, Premkumar B, Ponnaiah M, Parasuraman G, Chaudhary S, Bhatnagar T, Kathuria S, Jain S, Singh S, Murhekar M. Outbreak of ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi attributed to eating chicken at hotel X, Tiruchirappalli, India, 2018. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Ron A, Chaudhary S, Zhang G, Ning H, Zoghlin E, Wilson SD, Averitt RD, Refael G, Hsieh D. Ultrafast Enhancement of Ferromagnetic Spin Exchange Induced by Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:197203. [PMID: 33216570 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.197203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically predict and experimentally demonstrate a nonthermal pathway to optically enhance superexchange interaction energies in a material based on exciting ligand-to-metal charge-transfer transitions, which introduces lower-order virtual hopping contributions that are absent in the ground state. We demonstrate this effect in the layered ferromagnetic insulator CrSiTe_{3} by exciting Te-to-Cr charge-transfer transitions using ultrashort laser pulses and detecting coherent phonon oscillations that are impulsively generated by superexchange enhancement via magneto-elastic coupling. This mechanism kicks in below the temperature scale where short-range in-plane spin correlations begin to develop and disappears when the excitation energy is tuned away from the charge-transfer resonance, consistent with our predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ron
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - S Chaudhary
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - G Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - H Ning
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - E Zoghlin
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - S D Wilson
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - R D Averitt
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - G Refael
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - D Hsieh
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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Chaudhary S, Dam V, Ganguly K, Sharma S, Atri P, Chirravuri-Venkata R, Cox JL, Sayed Z, Jones DT, Ganti AK, Ghersi D, Macha MA, Batra SK. Differential mutation spectrum and immune landscape in African Americans versus Whites: A possible determinant to health disparity in head and neck cancer. Cancer Lett 2020; 492:44-53. [PMID: 32738272 PMCID: PMC8432304 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
African Americans (AA) with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) have a worse disease prognosis than White patients despite adjusting for socio-economic factors, suggesting the potential biological contribution. Therefore, we investigated the genomic and immunological components that drive the differential tumor biology among race. We utilized the cancer genome atlas and cancer digital archive of HNSCC patients (1992-2013) for our study. We found that AA patients with HNSCC had a higher frequency of mutation compared to Whites in the key driver genes-P53, FAT1, CASP8 and HRAS. AA tumors also exhibited lower intratumoral infiltration of effector immune cells (CD8+, γδT, resting memory CD4+ and activated memory CD4+ T cells) with shorter survival than Whites. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of differentially expressed genes demonstrated distinct gene clusters between AA and White patients with unique signaling pathway enrichments. Connectivity map analysis identified drugs (Neratinib and Selumetinib) that target aberrant PI3K/RAS/MEK signaling and may reduce racial disparity in therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Vi Dam
- School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
| | - Koelina Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sunandini Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Pranita Atri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ramakanth Chirravuri-Venkata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
| | - Jesse L Cox
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Zafar Sayed
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Dwight T Jones
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Apar K Ganti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Division of Oncology-Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, VA-Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Dario Ghersi
- School of Interdisciplinary Informatics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA.
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, Ganderbal, 191201, India.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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Pulcini C, Goyal M, Hall M, Gruhler H, Chaudhary S, Alpern E, Fein J, Fleegler E. 286 Firearm Injuries: Long-Term Health Outcomes and Health Care Expenditures for Children. Ann Emerg Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.09.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Chaudhary S, Pothuraju R, Sayed Z, Jones DT, Batra SK, Macha MA. Abstract A31: Deregulation of NOTCH 1/NR4A2 signaling axis in head and neck cancer pathogenesis. Clin Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1557-3265.aacrahns19-a31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Notch1 and its intracellular cytoplasmic domain (NICD) are dysregulated in many solid tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and associated with disease initiation and progression. NICD-mediated upregulation of nuclear receptor related 1 (NURR1/NR4A2) is linked to differentiation/development, homeostasis, and cellular metabolism. However, the role and molecular mechanism(s) of Notch1/NICD- NR4A2 axis in HNSCC pathogenesis are still unknown and need to be investigated.
Methods: The clinicopathologic importance of Notch1 and NR4A2 was investigated using HNSCC patient samples and publicly available databases. NR4A2 was stably knocked out (KO) and Notch1 signaling was blocked using small-molecule inhibitor (PF3084014) in HNSCC cell lines and analyzed for tumorigenic and metastatic potential. We also examined the whole-genome NR4A2 target genes using ChIP sequencing.
Results: Both Notch1 and NR4A2 were highly overexpressed in HNSCC patients. Inhibition of Notch1 signaling or NR4A2 KO significantly decreased the clonogenicity and migratory potential of HNSCC cells. Our ChIP analysis revealed that NR4A2 regulates genes involved in metabolism, hypoxia, cell cycle progression, integrin and Wnt signaling. Interestingly, we observed that NR4A2 regulates stem cell markers including Sox2, Nanog, and CD44 and their expression was drastically reduced upon Notch 1 inhibition.
Conclusion: Targeting Notch1-NR4A2 signaling axis may be crucial for inhibition of cancer stem cell-mediated HNSCC pathogenesis.
Citation Format: Sanjib Chaudhary, Ramesh Pothuraju, Zafar Sayed, Dwight T. Jones, Surinder K. Batra, Muzafar A. Macha. Deregulation of NOTCH 1/NR4A2 signaling axis in head and neck cancer pathogenesis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-AHNS Head and Neck Cancer Conference: Optimizing Survival and Quality of Life through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research; 2019 Apr 29-30; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(12_Suppl_2):Abstract nr A31.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zafar Sayed
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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Pothuraju R, Krishn SR, Gautam SK, Pai P, Ganguly K, Chaudhary S, Rachagani S, Kaur S, Batra SK. Mechanistic and Functional Shades of Mucins and Associated Glycans in Colon Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E649. [PMID: 32168759 PMCID: PMC7139953 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucus serves as the chief protective barrier against pathogenic and mechanical insults in respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts. Altered mucin expression, the major component of mucus, in conjunction with differential glycosylation has been strongly associated with both benign and malignant pathologies of colon. Mucins and their associated glycans arbitrate their impact sterically as well as mechanically by altering molecular and microbial spectrum during pathogenesis. Mucin expression in normal and pathological conditions is regulated by nonspecific (dietary factors and gut microbiota) and specific (epigenetic and transcriptional) modulators. Further, recent studies highlight the impact of altering mucin glycome (cancer-associated carbohydrate antigens including Tn, Sialyl-Tn, Sialyl-Lew A, and Sialyl-Lewis X) on host immunomodulation, antitumor immunity, as well as gut microbiota. In light of emerging literature, the present review article digs into the impact of structural organization and of expressional and glycosylation alteration of mucin family members on benign and malignant pathologies of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Shiv Ram Krishn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Shailendra K. Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Priya Pai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Koelina Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.P.); (S.R.K.); (S.K.G.); (P.P.); (K.G.); (S.C.); (S.R.); (S.K.)
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Pothuraju R, Rachagani S, Krishn SR, Chaudhary S, Nimmakayala RK, Siddiqui JA, Ganguly K, Lakshmanan I, Cox JL, Mallya K, Kaur S, Batra SK. Molecular implications of MUC5AC-CD44 axis in colorectal cancer progression and chemoresistance. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:37. [PMID: 32098629 PMCID: PMC7041280 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01156-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differential expression of mucins has been associated with several cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). In normal physiological conditions, secretory mucin MUC5AC is not expressed in the colonic mucosa, whereas its aberrant expression is observed during development of colon cancer and its precursor lesions. To date, the molecular mechanism of MUC5AC in CRC progression and drug resistance remains obscure. METHODS MUC5AC expression was determined in colon tissue microarray by immunohistochemistry. A RNA interference and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated system was used to knockdown/knockout the MUC5AC in CRC cell lines to delineate its role in CRC tumorigenesis using in vitro functional assays and in vivo (sub-cutaneous and colon orthotopic) mouse models. Finally, CRC cell lines and xenograft models were used to identify the mechanism of action of MUC5AC. RESULTS Overexpression of MUC5AC is observed in CRC patient tissues and cell lines. MUC5AC expression resulted in enhanced cell invasion and migration, and decreased apoptosis of CRC cells. MUC5AC interacted with CD44 physically, which was accompanied by the activation of Src signaling. Further, the presence of MUC5AC resulted in enhanced tumorigenesis and appearance of metastatic lesions in orthotopic mouse model. Additionally, up-regulation of MUC5AC resulted in resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin, and its knockout increased sensitivity to these drugs. Finally, we observed that up-regulation of MUC5AC conferred resistance to 5-FU through down-regulation of p53 and its target gene p21 and up-regulation of β-catenin and its target genes CD44 and Lgr5. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that differential expression of secretory mucin MUC5AC results in enhanced tumorigenesis and also confers chemoresistance via CD44/β-catenin/p53/p21 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shiv Ram Krishn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Rama Krishna Nimmakayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jawed A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Koelina Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Imayavaramban Lakshmanan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jesse L Cox
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kavita Mallya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Gaur V, Chaudhary S, Tyagi A, Bakhshi S, Sharma P, Kumar S. Differential expression of various miRNAs in pediatric cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz239.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Plevris N, Chuah CS, Allen RM, Arnott ID, Brennan PN, Chaudhary S, Churchhouse AMD, Din S, Donoghue E, Gaya DR, Groome M, Jafferbhoy HM, Jenkinson PW, Lam WL, Lyons M, Macdonald JC, MacMaster M, Mowat C, Naismith GD, Potts LF, Saffouri E, Seenan JP, Sengupta A, Shasi P, Sutherland DI, Todd JA, Veryan J, Watson AJM, Watts DA, Jones GR, Lees CW. Real-world Effectiveness and Safety of Vedolizumab for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Scottish Vedolizumab Cohort. J Crohns Colitis 2019; 13:1111-1120. [PMID: 30768123 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Vedolizumab is an anti-a4b7 monoclonal antibody that is licensed for the treatment of moderate to severe Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The aims of this study were to establish the real-world effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS This was a retrospective study involving seven NHS health boards in Scotland between June 2015 and November 2017. Inclusion criteria included: a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease with objective evidence of active inflammation at baseline (Harvey-Bradshaw Index[HBI] ≥5/Partial Mayo ≥2 plus C-reactive protein [CRP] >5 mg/L or faecal calprotectin ≥250 µg/g or inflammation on endoscopy/magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]); completion of induction; and at least one clinical follow-up by 12 months. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to establish 12-month cumulative rates of clinical remission, mucosal healing, and deep remission [clinical remission plus mucosal healing]. Rates of serious adverse events were described quantitatively. RESULTS Our cohort consisted of 180 patients with ulcerative colitis and 260 with Crohn's disease. Combined median follow-up was 52 weeks (interquartile range [IQR] 26-52 weeks). In ulcerative colitis, 12-month cumulative rates of clinical remission, mucosal healing, and deep remission were 57.4%, 47.3%, and 38.5%, respectively. In Crohn's disease, 12-month cumulative rates of clinical remission, mucosal healing, and deep remission were 58.4%, 38.9%, and 28.3% respectively. The serious adverse event rate was 15.6 per 100 patient-years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Vedolizumab is a safe and effective treatment for achieving both clinical remission and mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Plevris
- The Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C S Chuah
- The Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - R M Allen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - I D Arnott
- The Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - P N Brennan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - S Chaudhary
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Hairmyres, East Kilbride, UK
| | | | - S Din
- The Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - E Donoghue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Forth Valley Royal Hospital, Larbert, UK
| | - D R Gaya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Groome
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - H M Jafferbhoy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Victoria Hospital, Kirkcaldy, UK
| | - P W Jenkinson
- The Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, UK
| | - W L Lam
- Department of Gastroenterology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Lyons
- The Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - J C Macdonald
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - M MacMaster
- Department of Gastroenterology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - C Mowat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - G D Naismith
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley, UK
| | - L F Potts
- Department of Gastroenterology, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, UK
| | - E Saffouri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - J P Seenan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Sengupta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Victoria Hospital, Kirkcaldy, UK
| | - P Shasi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - D I Sutherland
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Hairmyres, East Kilbride, UK
| | - J A Todd
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - J Veryan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - A J M Watson
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, UK
| | - D A Watts
- Department of Gastroenterology, Forth Valley Royal Hospital, Larbert, UK
| | - G R Jones
- The Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C W Lees
- The Edinburgh IBD Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
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Chaudhary S, Ganguly K, Muniyan S, Pothuraju R, Sayed Z, Jones DT, Batra SK, Macha MA. Immunometabolic Alterations by HPV Infection: New Dimensions to Head and Neck Cancer Disparity. J Natl Cancer Inst 2019; 111:233-244. [PMID: 30615137 PMCID: PMC6410958 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djy207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer, with high morbidity and mortality. Racial disparity in HNSCC is observed between African Americans (AAs) and whites, effecting both overall and 5-year survival, with worse prognosis for AAs. In addition to socio-economic status and demographic factors, many epidemiological studies have also identified factors including coexisting human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, primary tumor location, and a variety of somatic mutations that contribute to the prognostic incongruities in HNSCC patients among AAs and whites. Recent research also suggests HPV-induced dysregulation of tumor metabolism and immune microenvironment as the major regulators of HNSCC patient prognosis. Outcomes of several preclinical and clinical studies on targeted therapeutics warrant the need to elucidate the inherent mechanistic and population-based disparities underlying patient responses. This review systematically reports the underlying reasons for inconsistency in disease prognosis and therapy responses among HNSCC patients from different racial populations. The focus of this review is twofold: aside from discussing the causes of racial disparity, we also seek to identify the consequences of such disparity in terms of HPV infection and its associated mutational, metabolic, and immune landscapes. Considering the clinical impact of differential patient outcomes among AA and white populations, understanding the underlying cause of this disparity may pave the way for novel precision therapy for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Koelina Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Sakthivel Muniyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Zafar Sayed
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Dwight T Jones
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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Pothuraju R, Rachagani S, Junker WM, Chaudhary S, Saraswathi V, Kaur S, Batra SK. Pancreatic cancer associated with obesity and diabetes: an alternative approach for its targeting. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2018; 37:319. [PMID: 30567565 PMCID: PMC6299603 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is among foremost causes of cancer related deaths worldwide due to generic symptoms, lack of effective screening strategies and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapies. The risk factors associated with PC include several metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Studies have shown that obesity and T2DM are associated with PC pathogenesis; however, their role in PC initiation and development remains obscure. MAIN BODY Several biochemical and physiological factors associated with obesity and/or T2DM including adipokines, inflammatory mediators, and altered microbiome are involved in PC progression and metastasis albeit by different molecular mechanisms. Deep understanding of these factors and causal relationship between factors and altered signaling pathways will facilitate deconvolution of disease complexity as well as lead to development of novel therapies. In the present review, we focuses on the interplay between adipocytokines, gut microbiota, adrenomedullin, hyaluronan, vanin and matrix metalloproteinase affected by metabolic alteration and pancreatic tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic diseases, such as obesity and T2DM, contribute PC development through altered metabolic pathways. Delineating key players in oncogenic development in pancreas due to metabolic disorder could be a beneficial strategy to combat cancers associated with metabolic diseases in particular, PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Wade M Junker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Sanguine Diagnostics and Therapeutics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Viswanathan Saraswathi
- Department of Cellular & Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. .,Fred & Pamela Buffet Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. .,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Chaudhary S, Pothuraju R, Atri P, Rachagani S, Batra SK, Macha MA. Abstract 1909: NR4A2 role in head and neck cancer: Mechanistic and functional analysis. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-1909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Nuclear receptor related 1 protein (NURR1/NR4A2) is a transcription factor that mediates numerous functions in differentiation/development, maintenance and metabolism. In cancer cells, NR4A2 promotes proliferation, migration, transformation and chemo-resistance in many cancers. Here, we explore the role of NR4A2 in head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNC) tumorigenesis and define its target genes. Methods: NR4A2 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in publically available databases (Oncomine, TCGA). NR4A2 was knockedout/knockdown by CRISPR or shRNA. Coimmunoprepitation and reverse chromatin immunoprecipitation were done to study the interaction between EGFR/STAT3. ChIPSeq analysis was done by using Illumina NextSeq 500 Genome Analyzer and integrated with microarray (HPV+/- patients) to identify the true target genes of NR4A2 using BETA Software and validated by PCR/qPCR. Results: IHC and database analysis demonstrated overexpression of NR4A2 in HNC patients. NR4A2 was significantly overexpressed in HPV+ HNC patients, SCC47 and SCC104 cell lines. Functionally, CRISPR/shRNA knockout/knockdown of NR4A2 in cell lines significantly decreased colonogenicity, proliferation and migration. Expression of NR4A2 was positively correlated with EGFR expression (R2=0.92), and EGF treatment (100ng/ml; 24-48h) induced NR4A2 (~2 fold) expression coupled with epithelial to mesenchymal transition in SCC1 and SCC10B cells (HPV-). We also observed EGF mediated NR4A2 induction was abrogated by panEGFR inhibitor (afatinib) with concomitant decrease in STAT3 expression. Physical interaction between EGFR and STAT3 with EGF treatment regulated NR4A2 expression. Whole genome integration of ChIPseq and microarray demonstrates 9% (2015) and 23% (3002) of the enriched up and down-regulated target genes, respectively were canonically regulated in HPV+ HNC. ChIP PCR validation indicates enrichment of NR4A2 in some of the target genes, wnt10, p53, cxcl13, cln10 and hoxb8 in HPV+ cells. Conclusions: Our data indicate overexpression of NR4A2 in HNC, and its positive correlation with EGFR expression. We also noted the physical interaction between EGFR and STAT3 which functionally attribute the NR4A2 expression. Integration and validation data showed the differential enrichment of NR4A2 target genes in HPV+/- cell lines which suggest its possible discriminatory role in HNC pathogenesis which needs to be confirmed.
Citation Format: Sanjib Chaudhary, Ramesh Pothuraju, Pranita Atri, Satyanarayana Rachagani, Surinder K. Batra, Muzafar A. Macha. NR4A2 role in head and neck cancer: Mechanistic and functional analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1909.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pranita Atri
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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Tripathi D, Chaudhary S, Singh S. Awareness of stroke and assessment of knowledge of risk factors among stroke survivors in a tertiary care level hospital. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Madhu Krishna B, Chaudhary S, Mishra DR, Naik SK, Suklabaidya S, Adhya AK, Mishra SK. Estrogen receptor α dependent regulation of estrogen related receptor β and its role in cell cycle in breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:607. [PMID: 29843638 PMCID: PMC5975398 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4528-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is highly heterogeneous with ~ 60-70% of estrogen receptor positive BC patient's response to anti-hormone therapy. Estrogen receptors (ERs) play an important role in breast cancer progression and treatment. Estrogen related receptors (ERRs) are a group of nuclear receptors which belong to orphan nuclear receptors, which have sequence homology with ERs and share target genes. Here, we investigated the possible role and clinicopathological importance of ERRβ in breast cancer. METHODS Estrogen related receptor β (ERRβ) expression was examined using tissue microarray slides (TMA) of Breast Carcinoma patients with adjacent normal by immunohistochemistry and in breast cancer cell lines. In order to investigate whether ERRβ is a direct target of ERα, we investigated the expression of ERRβ in short hairpin ribonucleic acid knockdown of ERα breast cancer cells by western blot, qRT-PCR and RT-PCR. We further confirmed the binding of ERα by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), Re-ChIP and luciferase assays. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis (FACS) was performed to elucidate the role of ERRβ in cell cycle regulation. A Kaplan-Meier Survival analysis of GEO dataset was performed to correlate the expression of ERRβ with survival in breast cancer patients. RESULTS Tissue microarray (TMA) analysis showed that ERRβ is significantly down-regulated in breast carcinoma tissue samples compared to adjacent normal. ER + ve breast tumors and cell lines showed a significant expression of ERRβ compared to ER-ve tumors and cell lines. Estrogen treatment significantly induced the expression of ERRβ and it was ERα dependent. Mechanistic analyses indicate that ERα directly targets ERRβ through estrogen response element and ERRβ also mediates cell cycle regulation through p18, p21cip and cyclin D1 in breast cancer cells. Our results also showed the up-regulation of ERRβ promoter activity in ectopically co-expressed ERα and ERRβ breast cancer cell lines. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis (FACS) showed increased G0/G1 phase cell population in ERRβ overexpressed MCF7 cells. Furthermore, ERRβ expression was inversely correlated with overall survival in breast cancer. Collectively our results suggest cell cycle and tumor suppressor role of ERRβ in breast cancer cells which provide a potential avenue to target ERRβ signaling pathway in breast cancer. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that ERRβ is a negative regulator of cell cycle and a possible tumor suppressor in breast cancer. ERRβ could be therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Madhu Krishna
- Cancer Biology Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Cancer Biology Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India.,Present address: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Dipti Ranjan Mishra
- Department of Gene Function & Regulation, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
| | - Sanoj K Naik
- Cancer Biology Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
| | - S Suklabaidya
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models Lab, Department of Translational Research and Technology Development, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
| | - A K Adhya
- Department of Pathology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Chandaka Industrial Estate, KIIT Rd, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sandip K Mishra
- Cancer Biology Lab, Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India.
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Qazi AK, Siddiqui JA, Jahan R, Chaudhary S, Walker LA, Sayed Z, Jones DT, Batra SK, Macha MA. Emerging therapeutic potential of graviola and its constituents in cancers. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:522-533. [PMID: 29462271 PMCID: PMC5888937 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death in the USA and around the world. Although the current synthetic inhibitors used in targeted therapies have improved patient prognosis, toxicity and development of resistance to these agents remain a challenge. Plant-derived natural products and their derivatives have historically been used to treat various diseases, including cancer. Several leading chemotherapeutic agents are directly or indirectly based on botanical natural products. Beyond these important drugs, however, a number of crude herbal or botanical preparations have also shown promising utility for cancer and other disorders. One such natural resource is derived from certain plants of the family Annonaceae, which are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Among the best known of these is Annona muricata, also known as soursop, graviola or guanabana. Extracts from the fruit, bark, seeds, roots and leaves of graviola, along with several other Annonaceous species, have been extensively investigated for anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Phytochemical studies have identified the acetogenins, a class of bioactive polyketide-derived constituents, from the extracts of Annonaceous species, and dozens of these compounds are present in different parts of graviola. This review summarizes current literature on the therapeutic potential and molecular mechanism of these constituents from A.muricata against cancer and many non-malignant diseases. Based on available data, there is good evidence that these long-used plants could have both chemopreventive and therapeutic potential. Appropriate attention to safety studies will be important to assess their effectiveness on various diseases caused or promoted by inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Khurshid Qazi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jawed A Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Rahat Jahan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sanjib Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Larry A Walker
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, USA
| | - Zafar Sayed
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Dwight T Jones
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Johansson N, Sisodiya S, Shayesteh P, Chaudhary S, Andersen JN, Knudsen J, Wendt OF, Schnadt J. Sonogashira cross-coupling over Au(1 1 1): from UHV to ambient pressure. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:444005. [PMID: 28862150 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa89c4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the reaction of phenylacetylene (PA) with chloro-, bromo-, and iodobenzene on the Au(1 1 1) surface as a model system for the gold-catalysed Sonogashira cross-coupling. Both ultrahigh vacuum-based and ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that iodo- and chlorobenzene (IB and CB) undergo the cross-coupling reaction towards diphenylacetylene. Bromobenzene (BB), in contrast, does not react in the UHV experiments. Further, at ambient pressure signs are found for poisoning of the Au(1 1 1) surface by a carbon species formed in the reaction. The understanding obtained in the reaction experiments are based on a thorough investigation of the adsorption of PA, IB, CB, and BB on the Au(1 1 1) surface by soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy and temperature-dependent x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In particular, the experiments provide the orientation of the intact adsorbates with respect to the surfaces at liquid nitrogen temperature. Dissociation in the temperature regime between -80 and -15 °C is observed for iodo- and chlorobenzene, but not for BB, in agreement with that only IB and CB, but not BB, react with PA to form diphenylacetylene. The difference is tentatively attributed to a difference in surface orientation of the different halobenzenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Johansson
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Chaudhary S, Contag S. The effect of maternal age on fetal and neonatal mortality. J Perinatol 2017; 37:800-804. [PMID: 28358383 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2017.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine the gestational age at which the risk of fetal or neonatal death associated with delaying delivery by 1 week exceeds the risk of neonatal death associated with immediate delivery, stratified by maternal age intervals. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a retrospective cohort study of live births, stillbirths and neonatal deaths that occurred in the United States between 2010 and 2013 using birth data. Women were classified into six age categories. Singleton, non-anomalous pregnancies without hypertensive disease or diabetes were included. Relative risks were obtained using a generalized linear model comparing the rate of death associated with immediate delivery to those of expectant management. RESULTS For all age groups with the exception of women 44 years and older, immediate delivery was associated with lower relative risk of death by 39 weeks. For <25, 25 to 29, 30 to 34, 35 to 39, 40 to 44, odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) were 1.0 (0.32 to 3.10), 0.67 (0.19 to 2.37), 0.80 (0.21 to 2.98), 0.67 (0.19 to 2.36) and 0.45 (0.16 to 1.31), respectively. In women 44 years and older, immediate delivery was associated with a lower relative risk of death by 38 weeks (OR: 0.35, CI: 0.14 to 0.90). CONCLUSION Women greater than 44 years old may benefit from delivery by 38 weeks gestational age to reduce the risk of stillbirth.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaudhary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S Contag
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Abstract
Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on the pulse rate, blood pressure and electrocardiogram were studied in forty consecutive physically healthy inpatients undergoing ECT for their psychiatric disabilities. Tachycardia and elevated blood pressure occurred frequently. Sinus arrhythmias, atrial and ventricular premature beats and minor ST-T changes were also observed. All these changes reversed within thirty minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaudhary
- Classified Specialist (Psychiatry). Military Hospital, Meerut 250 001
| | - S S Rajuria
- Senior Adviser (Anaesthesiology), 158 BH, C/O 99 APO
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Chaudhary S, Krishna BM, Mishra SK. A novel FOXA1/ ESR1 interacting pathway: A study of Oncomine™ breast cancer microarrays. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1247-1264. [PMID: 28789340 PMCID: PMC5529806 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) is essential for the growth and differentiation of breast epithelium, and has a favorable outcome in breast cancer (BC). Elevated FOXA1 expression in BC also facilitates hormone responsiveness in estrogen receptor (ESR)-positive BC. However, the interaction between these two pathways is not fully understood. FOXA1 and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) along with ESR1 expression are responsible for maintaining a luminal phenotype, thus suggesting the existence of a strong association between them. The present study utilized the Oncomine™ microarray database to identify FOXA1:ESR1 and FOXA1:ESR1:GATA3 co-expression co-regulated genes. Oncomine™ analysis revealed 115 and 79 overlapping genes clusters in FOXA1:ESR1 and FOXA1:ESR1:GATA3 microarrays, respectively. Five ESR1 direct target genes [trefoil factor 1 (TFF1/PS2), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), seven in absentia homolog 2 (SIAH2), cellular myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (CMYB) and progesterone receptor (PGR)] were detected in the co-expression clusters. To further investigate the role of FOXA1 in ESR1-positive cells, MCF7 cells were transfected with a FOXA1 expression plasmid, and it was observed that the direct target genes of ESR1 (PS2, BCL2, SIAH2 and PGR) were significantly regulated upon transfection. Analysis of one of these target genes, PS2, revealed the presence of two FOXA1 binding sites in the vicinity of the estrogen response element (ERE), which was confirmed by binding assays. Under estrogen stimulation, FOXA1 protein was recruited to the FOXA1 site and could also bind to the ERE site (although in minimal amounts) in the PS2 promoter. Co-transfection of FOXA1/ESR1 expression plasmids demonstrated a significantly regulation of the target genes identified in the FOXA1/ESR1 multi-arrays compared with only FOXA1 transfection, which was suggestive of a synergistic effect of ESR1 and FOXA1 on the target genes. In summary, the present study identified novel FOXA1, ESR1 and GATA3 co-expressed genes that may be involved in breast tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Chaudhary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Gene Function and Regulation Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
| | - B Madhu Krishna
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Gene Function and Regulation Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
| | - Sandip K Mishra
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Gene Function and Regulation Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India
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Paudel MS, Kc S, Mandal AK, Poudyal NS, Shrestha R, Paudel BN, Chaudhary S. Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a Tertiary Care Centre of Nepal. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2017; 56:211-216. [PMID: 28746317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AUGIB is characterized by hematemesis or melena or both. Peptic ulcers and variceal bleed account for majority of cases. Use of proton pump inhibitors in current era is associated with a gradual reduction in burden of peptic ulcer disease. We conducted this study to look into the cause of AUGIB in our community. METHODS We studied 100 patients in one year period who presented to us with hematemesis or melena. The study was conducted in department of Gastroenterology, Bir hospital, Kathmandu. We identified the culprit lesions by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. RESULTS The average age of patients with AUGIB was 51.6 years with 59 (59%) males. Duodenal ulcers are most common 29 (29%), followed by varices 23 (23%) and gastric ulcers 14 (14%). More than one lesion was identified in 38 (38%) patients. Patients with variceal bleed were more likely to present with hematemesis alone as compared to those with ulcer bleed (P=0.005). Variceal bleed patients presented earlier to the hospital (P=0.005), had lower MAP at presentation (P=0.0002), had lower hemoglobin level (P=0.0001) and higher serum creatinine level at presentation (P=0.001). Patients with variceal bleed were more likely to have consumed alcohol 20 (86.9%) and patients with ulcer bleed were more likely to be smokers 29 (67.4%) or consume tobacco 14 (32.5%) (P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS Ulcer related bleeding is still the most common cause of AUGIB. Many patients with AUGIB have more than one lesions identified during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Paudel
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Kc
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - A K Mandal
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - N S Poudyal
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - R Shrestha
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - B N Paudel
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Chaudhary
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Shrestha B, Kc S, Chaudhary S, Basnet BK, Mandal AK, Poudyal NS. Outcome of Endoscopic Variceal Band Ligation. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2017; 56:198-202. [PMID: 28746314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bleeding from esophageal varices in cirrhosis is an emergent condition with high mortality. One of the preferred modality of treating esophageal varices is EVL. We aimed to find out the outcome of EVL in controlling acute esophageal variceal bleeding, prophylactic banding to prevent future bleeding and the number of sessions required for complete eradication of varices. METHODS This descriptive observational study was carried out in Gastroenterology and Hepatology unit of Bir Hospital, NAMS from June 2016 to May 2017. Consecutive cases who presented in emergency room with acute variceal bleeding due to liver cirrhosis and cases of liver cirrhosis with large varices and red color signs on endoscopic examination were enrolled. They underwent EVL and subsequent re-endoscope at one month interval till the eradication of varices was achieved. RESULTS Among 83 patients, 15 (18.1%) were of Child Pugh class A, 29 (34.9%) B and 39 (47%) were of C. In 20 (24.1%) cases varices could be eradicated in one session of EVL while 57 (68.7%) required two sessions and in 6 (7.2%) cases it took three sessions. Total average EVL session required for obliteration of esophageal varices was 1.84±0.53. There was only one (1.2%) of early re-bleeding post EVL. CONCLUSIONS EVL is an effective modality of treatment in controlling acute esophageal variceal bleeding, in preventing future variceal bleeding as well as in eradicating esophageal varices with very few complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Shrestha
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Kc
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Chaudhary
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - B K Basnet
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - A K Mandal
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - N S Poudyal
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Mandal AK, Chaudhary S, Shrestha B, Paudel MS, Poudyal NS, Paudel BN, Bhattarai B, Ray SK, Ray NM. Efficacy of Prophylactic use of Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole in Mild and Moderately Severe Acute Pancreatitis. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2017; 56:207-210. [PMID: 28746316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are new concepts and developments in the diagnosis and management of acute pancreatitis. Current evidence suggests that there is no role of prophylactic antibiotics use in acute pancreatitis. However, it is still a common practice to administer prophylactic antibiotics in a country like Nepal. So, we have conducted a study in mild and moderately severe acute pancreatitis to study the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics. METHODS A case control study was conducted among 76 patients comparing efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics versus no antibiotics in patients with mild and moderately severe acute pancreatitis. RESULTS The two most common etiology of acute pancreatitis in AG and NAG were alcohol 21 (55.2%) vs. 24 (63.1%) and biliary 10 (26.3%) vs. 4 (10.5%) respectively. Pancreatic necrosis was seen in five (13.1 %) in AG and four (10.5%) in NAG. Four (10.5%) developed extra pancreatic complications in AG and five (13.1%) in NAG. There was one (2.6%) death in AG and no death in NAG. Abdominal pain improvement seen in AG vs. NAG was 3.2 days vs. 2.4 days (P=0.002). The hospital stay was 7.7±2.23 days in AG and 7.5±1.85 days in NAG (P=0.65). CONCLUSIONS The routine use of prophylactic antibiotics for mild and moderately severe acute pancreatitis is not associated with improvement in meaningful clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Mandal
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Chaudhary
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - B Shrestha
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - M S Paudel
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - N S Poudyal
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - B N Paudel
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - B Bhattarai
- Interfaith Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - S K Ray
- Sure Medical PC, Elmhurst, NY, USA
| | - N M Ray
- New York Presbyterian Hospital, Queens, NY, USA
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Poudyal NS, Chaudhary S, Basnet BK, Paudel BN, Shrestha B, Mandal AK, Paudel MS. Colorectal Cancer in Different Age Groups in a Tertiary Hospital in Nepal. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2017; 56:203-206. [PMID: 28746315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Some studies have suggested that colorectal cancer at a younger age had distinct biological characteristics: different clinical presentations, more advanced stage at time of diagnosis and poorly differentiated carcinoma. The aim of the study is to analyze clinical and histopathological differences between younger (≤40 years of age) and older (>40 years of age) colorectal cancer patients. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted amongst the colorectal cancer patients who visited Bir Hospital between July 2015 and April 2017. All colonoscopically diagnosed and histopathologically proven cases of colon cancer were included. Chi-square test and independent t - test was performed to analyze the difference between clinical presentations and histopathological findings among two groups of patients and P value of <0.05 was considered as significant. RESULTS Thirty younger patients and thirty older patients were enrolled without any differences in gender proportion. There were no statistical differences between clinical presentation and histological grade and type in younger and older patients. The younger patients had more complaints of altered bowel habit (P <0.001) while older patients mostly presented with per rectal bleeding (P< 0.008). CONCLUSIONS In this study, colorectal cancer at younger ages showed similar characteristics to those of older patients except altered bowel habit was more common in younger patients while per rectal bleeding was more common in older patients. Although colorectal cancer incidence increases with age, younger patients with altered bowel habits, weight loss, anemia and anorexia should also be given due medical attention and undergo evaluation promptly.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Poudyal
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - S Chaudhary
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - B K Basnet
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - B N Paudel
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - B Shrestha
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - A K Mandal
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - M S Paudel
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, NAMS, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
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Fahey R, Gilmore W, Papageorge M, Chang D, Azzouni L, Chaudhary S, Balint A, Ashrafi A, Darwish G, Oreadi D, Viswanath A, English R, Mehtani A, Alharthi K, Vyas H, Decoteau C, Stark P. Evaluation of postoperative oedema and pain following third molar extraction with application of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bhatnagar A, Sinha AA, Chaudhary S, Manuja N, Kaur H, Chaitra TR. Accuracy and evaluation of a new regression equation in predicting the width of unerupted permanent canines and premolar teeth. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2017; 18:31-37. [PMID: 28110423 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-016-0263-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the applicability of two regression equations based on mixed dentition analysis and to propose and evaluate a new regression equation using the mandibular incisors and first permanent molars as predictors in calculating the size of unerupted permanent canines and premolar teeth in school children. METHODS Dental study casts of 100 children (50 males and 50 females) aged 11-14 years from schools situated in Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India were used. The analysis of Tanaka Johnston, Bernabe Flores-Mir and the proposed equation were tested on the casts. RESULTS The analysis of Tanaka Johnston and Bernabe Flores-Mir tended to overestimate the mesio-distal width of the canines and premolars. The proposed equation also overestimated but the mean difference showed a closer approximation with the actual measured values compared to the other two equations. CONCLUSION Validating studies with a similar population must be conducted to confirm the applicability and precision of the proposed equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bhatnagar
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, UP, 244001, India.
| | - A A Sinha
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, UP, 244001, India
| | - S Chaudhary
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, UP, 244001, India
| | - N Manuja
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, UP, 244001, India
| | - H Kaur
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, UP, 244001, India
| | - T R Chaitra
- Department of Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, UP, 244001, India
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Bhatnagar A, Chaudhary S, Sinha AA. Evaluation of Three Different Regression Equations Based Mixed Dentition Analysis in Children of Moradabad City, India. Pesqui bras odontopediatria clín integr 2017. [DOI: 10.4034/pboci.2017.171.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Chaudhary S, Sah JP. Hypercalcemia due to Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2017; 56:182-185. [PMID: 28598460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypercalcemia is a rare metabolic disorder associated with hyperparathyroidism, malignancy and various other causes. Although common in adult malignancies, hypercalcemia is rare in pediatrics and purports poor prognosis. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is rare with no reported hypercalcemic presentation. We present here a case of hypercalcemia in a child of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. A 10 year girl presented with backache for 1 month, epistaxis, cough, chest-pain for 1 week alongwith anorexia and weight loss. Investigations revealed anemia and hypercalcemia (23mg/dl; normal range 9-11 mg/dl) with hyperphosphatemia, normal parathyroid levels. Hypercalcemic crisis was managed with saline, furosemide and bisphosphonate. Computed Tomography of paranasal sinuses revealed mass in right nasal cavity. Endoscopic biopsy disclosed undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The child expired despite supportive measures. Thus, hypercalcemia, though rare, may complicate advanced tumors. NPC, being rare in children, requires high index of suspicion with careful clinicoradiological examination and timely management for better chances of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chaudhary
- Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
| | - J P Sah
- Department of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal
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Thakur S, Thakur K, Sood A, Chaudhary S. Bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of neonatal septicaemia in a rural tertiary care hospital in North India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2016; 34:67-71. [PMID: 26776121 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.174108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is not much published literature on neonatal septicemia available for the Sub-Himalayan region of North India. Hence, we undertook this study to find out the bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of neonatal septicemia in the neonatal Intensive Care Unit. MATERIAL AND METHODS Blood cultures were performed for all clinically suspected neonatal septicemia cases for 1-year. Identification of all pathogenic isolates was followed by antibiotic sensitivity testing. RESULTS We did blood cultures for 450 neonates and 42% were culture positive. Early onset sepsis were 92 (49%) and 96 (51%) were late onset sepsis. Gram-positive isolates were 60% and 40% were Gram-negative. Staphylococcus aureus (40%), coagulase negative Staphylococcus species (16%), non-fermenter group of organisms (NFGOs) (15%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10%) were the main isolates. Nasal cannula 101 (54%), birth asphyxia 91 (48%), and prematurity 73 (38%) were the prominent risk factors associated with septicemia. Gram-positive organisms were highly resistant to penicillin (87%) whereas Gram-negative isolates showed high resistance to third generation cephalosporins (53-89%) and aminoglycosides (50-67%). The S. aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant in 41% whereas extended spectrum beta lactamase production was seen in 48% Gram-negative isolates. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the recent emergence of Gram-positive organisms as predominant cause of neonatal septicemia in this part of Sub-Himalayan region, along with the review of literature which shows similar results from North India and rest of the world too. Though Gram-negative bacteria still remain the main cause of mortality in neonatal septicemia, we want to dispel the common notion among practitioners that they are the predominant isolates in neonatal septicemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Thakur
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. RPGMC, Kangra, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
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