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Rodriguez-Luna D, Pancorbo O, Llull L, Silva Y, Prats-Sanchez L, Muchada M, Rudilosso S, Terceño M, Ramos-Pachón A, Hernandez Guillamon M, Coscojuela P, Blasco J, Perez-Hoyos S, Chamorro A, Molina CA. Effects of Achieving Rapid, Intensive, and Sustained Blood Pressure Reduction in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Expansion and Functional Outcome. Neurology 2024; 102:e209244. [PMID: 38598746 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The time taken to achieve blood pressure (BP) control could be pivotal in the benefits of reducing BP in acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We aimed to assess the relationship between the rapid achievement and sustained maintenance of an intensive systolic BP (SBP) target with radiologic, clinical, and functional outcomes. METHODS Rapid, Intensive, and Sustained BP lowering in Acute ICH (RAINS) was a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study of adult patients with ICH <6 hours and SBP ≥150 mm Hg at 4 Comprehensive Stroke Centers during a 4.5-year period. Patients underwent baseline and 24-hour CT scans and 24-hour noninvasive BP monitoring. BP was managed under a rapid (target achievement ≤60 minutes), intensive (target SBP <140 mm Hg), and sustained (target stability for 24 hours) BP protocol. SBP target achievement ≤60 minutes and 24-hour SBP variability were recorded. Outcomes included hematoma expansion (>6 mL or >33%) at 24 hours (primary outcome), early neurologic deterioration (END, 24-hour increase in NIH Stroke Scale score ≥4), and 90-day ordinal modified Rankin scale (mRS) score. Analyses were adjusted by age, sex, anticoagulation, onset-to-imaging time, ICH volume, and intraventricular extension. RESULTS We included 312 patients (mean age 70.2 ± 13.3 years, 202 [64.7%] male). Hematoma expansion occurred in 70/274 (25.6%) patients, END in 58/291 (19.9%), and the median 90-day mRS score was 4 (interquartile range, 2-5). SBP target achievement ≤60 minutes (178/312 [57.1%]) associated with a lower risk of hematoma expansion (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23-0.77), lower END rate (aOR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23-0.80), and lower 90-day mRS scores (aOR 0.48, 95% CI 0.32-0.74). The mean 24-hour SBP variability was 21.0 ± 7.6 mm Hg. Higher 24-hour SBP variability was not related to expansion (aOR 0.99, 95% CI 0.95-1.04) but associated with higher END rate (aOR 1.15, 95% CI 1.09-1.21) and 90-day mRS scores (aOR 1.06, 95% CI 1.04-1.10). DISCUSSION Among patients with acute ICH, achieving an intensive SBP target within 60 minutes was associated with lower hematoma expansion risk. Rapid SBP reduction and stable sustention within 24 hours were related to improved clinical and functional outcomes. These findings warrant the design of randomized clinical trials examining the impact of effectively achieving rapid, intensive, and sustained BP control on hematoma expansion. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class III evidence that in adults with spontaneous ICH and initial SBP ≥150 mm Hg, lowering SBP to <140 mm Hg within the first hour and maintaining this for 24 hours is associated with decreased hematoma expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rodriguez-Luna
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olalla Pancorbo
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Llull
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Silva
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Prats-Sanchez
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marián Muchada
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvatore Rudilosso
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mikel Terceño
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Ramos-Pachón
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Hernandez Guillamon
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Coscojuela
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Blasco
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Perez-Hoyos
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel Chamorro
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos A Molina
- From the Department of Neurology (D.R.-L., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Stroke Research Group (D.R.-L., O.P., M.M., C.A.M.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Medicine (D.R.-L., O.P.), Autonomous University of Barcelona; Department of Neuroscience (L.L., S.R., A.C.), Comprehensive Stroke Center, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona; Department of Neurology (Y.S., M.T.), Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona; Department of Neurology (L.P.-S., A.R.-P.), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Neurovascular Research Group (M.H.G.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute; Department of Neuroradiology (P.C.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.B.), CDI, Hospital Clínic; and Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit (S.P.-H.), Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
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Fissolo N, Pappolla A, Rio J, Villar LM, Perez-Hoyos S, Sanchez A, Gutierrez L, Montalban X, Comabella M. Serum Levels of CXCL13 Are Associated With Teriflunomide Response in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2022; 10:10/1/e200050. [PMID: 36411079 PMCID: PMC9679885 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To identify biomarkers associated with treatment response in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with the oral therapies teriflunomide, dimethyl fumarate (DMF), and fingolimod. METHODS Serum levels of IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-10, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) IL-1β, and chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) were measured at baseline and 12 months with single molecule array (Simoa) assays in a cohort of patients with MS treated with teriflunomide (N = 19), DMF (N = 22), and fingolimod (N = 25) and classified into "no evidence of disease activity" (NEDA) and EDA patients after 1 year of treatment. RESULTS Serum CXCL13 and TNF-α levels were significantly decreased after treatment with teriflunomide in NEDA compared with EDA patients after 1 year of treatment (p = 0.008 for both cytokines). These findings were validated in an independent cohort of patients with MS treated with teriflunomide (N = 36) and serum CXCL13, and TNF-α levels were again significantly reduced in NEDA patients (p < 0.0001 for CXCL13 and p = 0.003 for TNF-α). CXCL13, but not TNF-α, showed good performance to classify NEDA and EDA patients according to a cut-off value of 9.64 pg/mL based on the change in CXCL13 levels between baseline and 12 months, with a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 82% in the original cohort, and sensitivity of 65.4% and specificity of 60% in the validation cohort. DISCUSSION Altogether, these results point to CXCL13 as a treatment response biomarker to teriflunomide in relapsing-remitting patients with MS, and the change in CXCL13 levels during the first year of treatment can be used in clinical practice to identify optimal responders to teriflunomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Fissolo
- From the Servei de Neurologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (N.F., A.P., J.R., L.G., X.M., M.C.); Departments of Immunology and Neurology (L.M.V.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, (IRYCIS), Madrid; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR) (S.P.-H., A.S.); and Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Agustin Pappolla
- From the Servei de Neurologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (N.F., A.P., J.R., L.G., X.M., M.C.); Departments of Immunology and Neurology (L.M.V.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, (IRYCIS), Madrid; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR) (S.P.-H., A.S.); and Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Rio
- From the Servei de Neurologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (N.F., A.P., J.R., L.G., X.M., M.C.); Departments of Immunology and Neurology (L.M.V.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, (IRYCIS), Madrid; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR) (S.P.-H., A.S.); and Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luisa M Villar
- From the Servei de Neurologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (N.F., A.P., J.R., L.G., X.M., M.C.); Departments of Immunology and Neurology (L.M.V.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, (IRYCIS), Madrid; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR) (S.P.-H., A.S.); and Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Perez-Hoyos
- From the Servei de Neurologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (N.F., A.P., J.R., L.G., X.M., M.C.); Departments of Immunology and Neurology (L.M.V.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, (IRYCIS), Madrid; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR) (S.P.-H., A.S.); and Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Sanchez
- From the Servei de Neurologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (N.F., A.P., J.R., L.G., X.M., M.C.); Departments of Immunology and Neurology (L.M.V.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, (IRYCIS), Madrid; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR) (S.P.-H., A.S.); and Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Gutierrez
- From the Servei de Neurologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (N.F., A.P., J.R., L.G., X.M., M.C.); Departments of Immunology and Neurology (L.M.V.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, (IRYCIS), Madrid; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR) (S.P.-H., A.S.); and Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Montalban
- From the Servei de Neurologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (N.F., A.P., J.R., L.G., X.M., M.C.); Departments of Immunology and Neurology (L.M.V.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, (IRYCIS), Madrid; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR) (S.P.-H., A.S.); and Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Comabella
- From the Servei de Neurologia, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Institut de Recerca Vall d'Hebron (N.F., A.P., J.R., L.G., X.M., M.C.); Departments of Immunology and Neurology (L.M.V.), Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, (IRYCIS), Madrid; Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR) (S.P.-H., A.S.); and Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department (A.S.), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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Tabernero R, Pelay N, Zuriguel E, Lorente J, Perez-Hoyos S, Tena B, Naches S, Fuentes JF, Sanchez S, Lorente J. Adaptation and validation into Spanish of a specific questionnaire on quality of life in patients with tracheostomy (TQOL). Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp (Engl Ed) 2022; 73:299-309. [PMID: 36031108 DOI: 10.1016/j.otoeng.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE A long-term tracheostomy can have significant negative effects on quality of life because it causes physical, functional, sensory, psychological, social, economic, and work impairments to the life of the individual. The objective of this study was to validate in Spanish a quality-of-life questionnaire for these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A psychometric validation study of a questionnaire in 45 patients over 18 years of age, with tracheostomy for six months, who understand Spanish and have a good understanding of the questions of the SF-36 questionnaire and a specific quality of life questionnaire for the patient with tracheostomy (TQOL-versión española). This Vquestionnaire is a modification and cultural adaptation into Spanish of the original English instrument named Tracheostomy Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (TQOL). The two questionnaires (TQOL-versión española) and the SF-36 were completed 6 months after the tracheostomy and between 30 and 50 days after the first administration. The reliability, repeatability, and construct validity of the TQOL-versión española were evaluated. The construct validity was assessed by the correlation between the results of the TQOL-versión española and the dimensions of the SF-36 questionnaire. RESULTS The reliability of the TQOL-versión española measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient was .814, with variation between items from .783 to .817 in the sample at 6 months and from .794 in the validation sample, with variation between items from .758 to .813. There was intraclass correlation for the total score of the scale using the concordance analysis of Bland-Altman and agreement for the individual questions with the McNemar symmetry test. There was also a good correlation between the scales of the TQOL-versión española and the dimensions of the S-F36. CONCLUSIONS The TQOL-versión española showed good reliability, repeatability, and construct validity, therefore it is a useful tool to assess the impact on individual patients with a tracheostomy in place for more than 6 months, and to establish strategies at the healthcare and social levels to improve the quality of daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Tabernero
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Vall Universitario d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Neus Pelay
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Vall Universitario d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esperanza Zuriguel
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Vall Universitario d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Lorente
- Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Vall Universitario d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Perez-Hoyos
- Estadística y Bioinformática, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Tena
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Silvia Naches
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan F Fuentes
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Serafín Sanchez
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología. Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena. Sevilla. Spain
| | - Juan Lorente
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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Hernandez G, Ramos FJ, Añon JM, Ortiz R, Colinas L, Masclans JR, De Haro C, Ortega A, Peñuelas O, Cruz-Delgado MDM, Canabal A, Plans O, Vaquero C, Rialp G, Gordo F, Lesmes A, Martinez M, Figueira JC, Gomez-Carranza A, Corrales R, Castellvi A, Castiñeiras B, Frutos-Vivar F, Prada J, De Pablo R, Naharro A, Montejo JC, Diaz C, Santos-Peral A, Padilla R, Marin-Corral J, Rodriguez-Solis C, Sanchez-Giralt JA, Jimenez J, Cuena R, Perez-Hoyos S, Roca O. Early Tracheostomy for Managing ICU Capacity During the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study. Chest 2022; 161:121-129. [PMID: 34147502 PMCID: PMC8361308 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, shortages of ventilators and ICU beds overwhelmed health care systems. Whether early tracheostomy reduces the duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay is controversial. RESEARCH QUESTION Can failure-free day outcomes focused on ICU resources help to decide the optimal timing of tracheostomy in overburdened health care systems during viral epidemics? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who had undergone tracheostomy in 15 Spanish ICUs during the surge, when ICU occupancy modified clinician criteria to perform tracheostomy in Patients with COVID-19. We compared ventilator-free days at 28 and 60 days and ICU- and hospital bed-free days at 28 and 60 days in propensity score-matched cohorts who underwent tracheostomy at different timings (≤ 7 days, 8-10 days, and 11-14 days after intubation). RESULTS Of 1,939 patients admitted with COVID-19 pneumonia, 682 (35.2%) underwent tracheostomy, 382 (56%) within 14 days. Earlier tracheostomy was associated with more ventilator-free days at 28 days (≤ 7 days vs > 7 days [116 patients included in the analysis]: median, 9 days [interquartile range (IQR), 0-15 days] vs 3 days [IQR, 0-7 days]; difference between groups, 4.5 days; 95% CI, 2.3-6.7 days; 8-10 days vs > 10 days [222 patients analyzed]: 6 days [IQR, 0-10 days] vs 0 days [IQR, 0-6 days]; difference, 3.1 days; 95% CI, 1.7-4.5 days; 11-14 days vs > 14 days [318 patients analyzed]: 4 days [IQR, 0-9 days] vs 0 days [IQR, 0-2 days]; difference, 3 days; 95% CI, 2.1-3.9 days). Except hospital bed-free days at 28 days, all other end points were better with early tracheostomy. INTERPRETATION Optimal timing of tracheostomy may improve patient outcomes and may alleviate ICU capacity strain during the COVID-19 pandemic without increasing mortality. Tracheostomy within the first work on a ventilator in particular may improve ICU availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Hernandez
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain.
| | | | - José Manuel Añon
- Intensive Care Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Ortiz
- Intensive Care Unit, Ciudad Real University Hospital, Ciudad Real, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Laura Colinas
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain
| | - Joan Ramón Masclans
- Intensive Care Unit, Del Mar University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Mar Medical Research Institute, UPF, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut-DCEXS, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Alfonso Ortega
- Intensive Care Unit, Puerta de Hierro University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Peñuelas
- Intensive Care Unit, Getafe University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alfonso Canabal
- Intensive Care Unit, La Princesa University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Plans
- Intensive Care Unit, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Gemma Rialp
- Intensive Care Unit, Son Llatzer University Hospital, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Federico Gordo
- Intensive Care Unit, Henares University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amanda Lesmes
- Intensive Care Unit, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Martinez
- Intensive Care Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Rocio Corrales
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain
| | - Andrea Castellvi
- Intensive Care Unit, Del Mar University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Jorge Prada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, La Princesa University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul De Pablo
- Intensive Care Unit, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Critical Care Department, Alcala de Henares University, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Antonio Naharro
- Intensive Care Unit, Henares University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Claudia Diaz
- Intensive Care Unit, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Santos-Peral
- Intensive Care Unit, Ciudad Real University Hospital, Ciudad Real, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Rebeca Padilla
- Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Toledo, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Jorge Jimenez
- Intensive Care Unit, Getafe University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Santiago Perez-Hoyos
- Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS, the Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Roca
- Intensive Care Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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5
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Tintoré M, Perez-Hoyos S, Otero-Romero S. Author response: Menarche, pregnancies, and breastfeeding do not modify long-term prognosis in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2020; 94:456-457. [PMID: 32152239 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000009065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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6
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Capdevila J, Hernando J, Perez-Hoyos S, Roman-Gonzalez A, Grande E. Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Comparing Active Treatment with Placebo in Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. Oncologist 2019; 24:e1315-e1320. [PMID: 31332100 PMCID: PMC6975960 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most guidelines still recommend active surveillance for patients with asymptomatic, unresectable neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). However, recent findings from several randomized placebo-controlled trials suggest that most patients would benefit from active treatment. We conducted a meta-analysis of pooled outcomes from clinical trials in which an active treatment arm was compared with placebo to determine whether active treatment provides a survival advantage. MATERIALS AND METHODS This meta-analysis evaluated six trials that compared a medication with placebo in patients with an asymptomatic, metastatic NET. The trials were heterogenous with regard to the active medication (octreotide, lanreotide, sunitinib, everolimus, Lu-Dotatate) and tumor localizations (gastrointestinal, pancreas, lung). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for the placebo and active treatment arms were obtained from individual trial data and combined to obtain pooled outcomes. RESULTS The individual trials all reported significantly better PFS outcomes for active treatment. The pooled data confirmed this advantage. At months 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24, pooled PFS rates for the placebo and treatment arms, respectively, were 92.9% versus 96.9%; 54.3% versus 83.7%; 35.5% versus 68.5%; 25.1% versus 54.7%; and 17.7% versus 61.0%. OS was also higher in the active treatment groups. At months 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60, OS rates (placebo vs. active treatment), respectively, were 88.1% versus 93.4%; 84.1% versus 86.2%; 67.4% versus 76%; 56.6% versus 64.4%; 49.9% versus 61.0%; and 41.7% versus 45.9%. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis confirms findings from recent clinical trials indicating that active treatment yields better survival outcomes than placebo. Importantly, these findings were obtained across a wide range of patient profiles and diverse medical treatments for metastatic NETs. Given the lack of reliable prognostic factors to determine a priori which patients are unlikely to benefit from active treatment, these findings support early treatment in most patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Although most guidelines still recommend active surveillance for patients diagnosed with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors, the results of this meta-analysis, together with recent data from key clinical trials, suggest that most patients could benefit from upfront active treatment. However, more data are needed to confirm this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Capdevila
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Hernando
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Perez-Hoyos
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Roman-Gonzalez
- Department of Endocrinology, San Vicente Fundacion University Hospital-Antioquia University, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Enrique Grande
- Department of Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Lodi S, Phillips A, Lundgren J, Logan R, Sharma S, Cole SR, Babiker A, Law M, Chu H, Byrne D, Horban A, Sterne JAC, Porter K, Sabin C, Costagliola D, Abgrall S, Gill J, Touloumi G, Pacheco AG, van Sighem A, Reiss P, Bucher HC, Montoliu Giménez A, Jarrin I, Wittkop L, Meyer L, Perez-Hoyos S, Justice A, Neaton JD, Hernán MA. Effect Estimates in Randomized Trials and Observational Studies: Comparing Apples With Apples. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:1569-1577. [PMID: 31063192 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Effect estimates from randomized trials and observational studies might not be directly comparable because of differences in study design, other than randomization, and in data analysis. We propose a 3-step procedure to facilitate meaningful comparisons of effect estimates from randomized trials and observational studies: 1) harmonization of the study protocols (eligibility criteria, treatment strategies, outcome, start and end of follow-up, causal contrast) so that the studies target the same causal effect, 2) harmonization of the data analysis to estimate the causal effect, and 3) sensitivity analyses to investigate the impact of discrepancies that could not be accounted for in the harmonization process. To illustrate our approach, we compared estimates of the effect of immediate with deferred initiation of antiretroviral therapy in individuals positive for the human immunodeficiency virus from the Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy (START) randomized trial and the observational HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lodi
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew Phillips
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Jens Lundgren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roger Logan
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Abdel Babiker
- Medical Research Council, Clinical Trials Unit in University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Haitao Chu
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Dana Byrne
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cooper University Hospital, Cooper Medical School at Rowan University, New Jersey
| | - Andrzej Horban
- Medical University of Warsaw, Department for Adult's Infectious Diseases, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jonathan A C Sterne
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Kholoud Porter
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Sabin
- Institute for Global Health, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Costagliola
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Paris, France
| | - Sophie Abgrall
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Service de Médecine Interne, Clamart, France
| | - John Gill
- Southern Alberta Clinic, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Giota Touloumi
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Medicine, Dept. of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Greece
| | - Antonio G Pacheco
- Programa de Computação Científica, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - Peter Reiss
- Stichting HIV Monitoring, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Department of Global Health and Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Heiner C Bucher
- Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Montoliu Giménez
- Centre for Epidemiological Studies on HIV/STI in Catalonia (CEEISCAT), Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (ASPC), Badalona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Jarrin
- Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Linda Wittkop
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISPED, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, team MORPH3EUS, UMR 1219, CIC-EC 1401, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurence Meyer
- CHU de Bordeaux, Pôle de santé publique, Service d'information médicale, Bordeaux, France
- Université Paris Sud, UMR 1018, le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Amy Justice
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - James D Neaton
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Miguel A Hernán
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, Massachusetts
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Domingo E, Calabuig A, Manuel LM, Perez-Hoyos S, Bravo C, Serra B, Grignola J, Kendall L, Cahn T, Fowles S, Wilson F, Roman A. REPRODUCIBILITY OF IN VIVO PULMONARY ARTERIAL REMODELING ASSESSMENT IN STABLE PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(19)32543-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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9
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Zuluaga MI, Otero-Romero S, Rovira A, Perez-Hoyos S, Arrambide G, Negrotto L, Galán I, Río J, Comabella M, Nos C, Arévalo MJ, Vidal-Jordana A, Castilló J, Rodríguez B, Midaglia L, Mulero P, Mitjana R, Auger C, Sastre-Garriga J, Montalban X, Tintoré M. Menarche, pregnancies, and breastfeeding do not modify long-term prognosis in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2019; 92:e1507-e1516. [PMID: 30824557 PMCID: PMC6453769 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000007178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of menarche, pregnancies, and breastfeeding on the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) and disability accrual using a multivariate approach based on a large prospective cohort of patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). METHODS A cross-sectional survey of the reproductive information of female participants in a CIS cohort was performed. We examined the relationship of age at menarche with the risk of clinically definite MS (CDMS), McDonald 2010 MS, and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 3.0 and 6.0. The effect of pregnancy (before and after CIS) and breastfeeding in the risk of CDMS, McDonald 2010 MS, and EDSS 3.0 was also examined. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed and findings were confirmed using sensitivity analyses and a propensity score model. RESULTS The data of 501 female participants were collected. Age at menarche did not correlate with age at CIS and was not associated with the risk of CDMS or EDSS 3.0 or 6.0. Pregnancy before CIS was protective for CDMS in the univariate analysis, but the effect was lost in the multivariate model and did not modify the risk of EDSS 3.0. Pregnancy after CIS was protective for both outcomes in univariate and multivariate analyses when pregnancy was considered a baseline variable, but the protective effect disappeared when analyzed as a time-dependent event. Breastfeeding did not modify the risk for the 3 outcomes. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that menarche, pregnancies, and breastfeeding did not substantially modify the risk of CDMS or disability accrual using a multivariable and time-dependent approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- María I Zuluaga
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Susana Otero-Romero
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Alex Rovira
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Santiago Perez-Hoyos
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Georgina Arrambide
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Laura Negrotto
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Ingrid Galán
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Jordi Río
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Manuel Comabella
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Carlos Nos
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - María Jesús Arévalo
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Angela Vidal-Jordana
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Joaquin Castilló
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Breogán Rodríguez
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Luciana Midaglia
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Patricia Mulero
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Raquel Mitjana
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Cristina Auger
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Jaume Sastre-Garriga
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Xavier Montalban
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Mar Tintoré
- From the Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology (M.I.Z., S.O.-R., G.A., L.N., I.G., J.R., M.C., C.N., M.J.A., A.V.-J., J.C., B.R., L.M., P.M., J.S.-G., X.M., M.T.), and Unitat de RM, Servei de Radiologia (M.I.Z., A.R., L.N., R.M., C.A., X.M.), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Unitat d'Estadística i Bioinformàtica (UEB) (M.I.Z., S.P.-H., L.N., X.M.), Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain; Servicio de Neurología (M.I.Z., L.N., X.M.), Instituto Neurológico de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia; Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (L.N., X.M.), FLENI, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Division of Neurology (X.M.), St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada.
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10
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Fissolo N, Pignolet B, Matute-Blanch C, Triviño JC, Miró B, Mota M, Perez-Hoyos S, Sanchez A, Vermersch P, Ruet A, de Sèze J, Labauge P, Vukusic S, Papeix C, Almoyna L, Tourbah A, Clavelou P, Moreau T, Pelletier J, Lebrun-Frenay C, Montalban X, Brassat D, Comabella M. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 is decreased in natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis patients at risk for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 2017; 82:186-195. [PMID: 28681388 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify biomarkers associated with the development of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with natalizumab (NTZ). METHODS Relapsing-remitting MS patients who developed PML under NTZ therapy (pre-PML) and non-PML NTZ-treated patients (NTZ-ctr) were included in the study. Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum samples collected at baseline, at 1- and 2-year treated time points, and during PML were analyzed for gene expression by RNA sequencing and for serum protein levels by Luminex and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. RESULTS Among top differentially expressed genes in the RNA sequencing between pre-PML and NTZ-ctr patients, pathway analysis revealed a high representation of genes belonging to the following categories: proangiogenic factors (MMP9, VEGFA), chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL5, IL8, CCL2), cytokines (IL1B, IFNG), and plasminogen- and coagulation-related molecules (SERPINB2, PLAU, PLAUR, TFPI, THBD). Serum protein levels for these candidates were measured in a 2-step manner in a screening cohort and a validation cohort of pre-PML and NTZ-ctr patients. Only matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) was validated; in pre-PML patients, MMP9 protein levels were significantly reduced at baseline compared with NTZ-ctr patients, and levels remained lower at later time points during NTZ treatment. INTERPRETATION The results from this study suggest that the proangiogenic factor MMP9 may play a role as a biomarker associated with the development of PML in MS patients treated with NTZ. Ann Neurol 2017;82:186-195.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Fissolo
- Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Béatrice Pignolet
- Neurosciences Pole, Toulouse University Hospital Center, Physiopathology Center of Toulouse-Purpan, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, University of Toulouse, and Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Clara Matute-Blanch
- Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Berta Miró
- Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Mota
- Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Perez-Hoyos
- Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Sanchez
- Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Genetics, Microbiology, and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrick Vermersch
- Lilly University, Lille University Hospital Center, Lille Inflammation Research International Center, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases and Targeted Therapies Federal Hospital University Project, Lille, France
| | - Aurélie Ruet
- Bordeaux University Hospital Center, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Neurology Services, and Magendie Neurocenter, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jérôme de Sèze
- Department of Neurology, Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Labauge
- Department of Neurology, Montpellier University Hospital Center, France
| | - Sandra Vukusic
- Department of Neurology, Lyon University Hospital Center, Bron, France
| | - Caroline Papeix
- Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Ayman Tourbah
- Department of Neurology and Reims Faculty of Medicine, Reims University Hospital Center, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, and University of Paris VIII, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Pierre Clavelou
- Department of Neurology, Clermont-Ferrand Regional University Hospital Center, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thibault Moreau
- Department of Neurology, Dijon University Hospital Center, Dijon, France
| | - Jean Pelletier
- Aix-Marseille University, Public Assistance Hospitals of Marseilles, Timone Hospital, Clinical Neurosciences Pole, Neurology Service, National Center for Scientific Research, Biological and Medical Magnetic Resonance Center, Marseille, France
| | | | - Xavier Montalban
- Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Brassat
- Neurosciences Pole, Toulouse University Hospital Center, Physiopathology Center of Toulouse-Purpan, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, University of Toulouse, and Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Manuel Comabella
- Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Center of Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Sanchez-de-Toledo J, Perez-Ortiz A, Gil L, Baust T, Linés-Palazón M, Perez-Hoyos S, Gran F, Abella RF. Early Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy in Pediatric Heart Surgery Is Associated with Lower Mortality. Pediatr Cardiol 2016; 37:623-8. [PMID: 26687178 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-015-1323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequent in the postoperative period of pediatric heart surgery and leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Renal replacement therapies (RRTs) are often used to treat AKI; however, these therapies have also been associated with higher mortality rates. Earlier initiation of RRT might improve outcomes. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the RRT and morbidity and mortality after pediatric heart surgery. We performed a single-center retrospective study of all children undergoing pediatric heart surgery between April 2010 and December 2012 at a tertiary children's hospital. A total of 480 patients were included. Of those, 109 (23 %) were neonates and 126 patients (26 %) developed AKI within the first 72 postoperative hours. Patients who developed AKI had longer PICU admissions [12 days (4-37.75) vs. 4 (2-11); p < 0.001] and hospital length of stay [27 (11-53) vs. 14 (8-24) p < 0.001] and higher mortality [22/126 (17.5 %) vs. 13/354 (3.7 %); p < 0.001]. RRT techniques were used in 32 (6.6 %) patients [18/109 (16 %) neonates and 14/371 (3.8 %) infants and children; p < 0.01], with 25 (78 %) receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) and 7 (22 %) continuous RRT (CRRT). Patients who received PD within the first 24 postoperative hours had lower mortality compared with those in whom PD was initiated later [4/16 (25 %) vs. 4/9 (44.4 %)]. Mortality among patients who received CRRT was 28.6 % (2/7). No deaths were reported in patients treated with CRRT within the first 24 postoperative hours. Postoperative AKI is associated with higher mortality in children undergoing cardiac surgery. Early initiation of RRT, both PD in neonates and CRRT in pediatric patients, might improve morbidity and mortality associated with AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Sanchez-de-Toledo
- Cardiac Intensive Care Division, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alba Perez-Ortiz
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Gil
- Department of Neonatology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tracy Baust
- Cardiac Intensive Care Division, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Marcos Linés-Palazón
- Department of Neonatology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Perez-Hoyos
- Unit of Clinical Research Support, Vall d'Hebron Research Institut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Gran
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raul F Abella
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Figueras-Coll M, Sanchez-de-Toledo J, Gran F, Abella R, Perez-Hoyos S, Rosés F. Echocardiography in the Assessment of Left Atrial Pressure After Pediatric Heart Surgery: A Comparison Study With Measurements Obtained From Left Atrial Catheter. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2016; 6:438-42. [PMID: 26180162 DOI: 10.1177/2150135115589999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Correlation between ventricular end-diastolic pressure and pulsed Doppler and tissue Doppler-derived E/e' ratio has been widely reported in adults but scarcely studied in children with congenital heart diseases. This ratio is defined as the relationship between diastolic transmitral flow velocity (cm/s; E) and myocardial diastolic relaxation velocity (cm/s; e') in the lateral aspect of the mitral annulus. Our main objective was to ascertain whether a correlation existed between direct measurement of left atrial pressure and echocardiographic E/e' ratio in children after heart surgery. METHODS Prospective study including 27 consecutive children after pediatric heart surgery. Data were analyzed according to whether they were obtained within the first 72 hours following surgery or later on. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and areas under the receiver-operating characteristics curve of E/e' ratio in detection of left atrial pressure values ≥13 mm Hg were evaluated. RESULTS Forty-eight studies were conducted in 27 patients. Thirty-two studies were performed during the first 72 hours after heart surgery and 16 beyond the third day. Median patient age was 0.82 years (5 days-16 years). Median left atrial pressure values and E/e' measurements of the whole cohort (N = 48) were 12.0 and 10.2, respectively. Intraclass correlation index between left atrial pressure values and echocardiographic E/e' ratio was 0.35, 0.25 for studies performed within 72 hours, but 0.78 (P < .01) for those performed later. There was also a high positive predictive value, since in 13 (87%) of 15 studies with an E/e' ratio ≥13, the left atrial pressure was ≥13 mm Hg. CONCLUSION While echocardiographic E/e' ratio did not show a good correlation with left atrial pressure in the immediate postoperative period, the positive predictive value may suffice to aid clinicians in predicting elevated pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Figueras-Coll
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Sanchez-de-Toledo
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Department of Critical Care Medicine, Division Cardiac Intensive Care, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ferran Gran
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raul Abella
- Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Perez-Hoyos
- Unit of Clinical Research Support, Vall d'Hebron Research Institut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Rosés
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Barba P, Martino R, Orti G, Esquirol A, Perez-Hoyos S, Sierra J, Valcárcel D. Validation of a new integrated prognostic score to predict non-relapse mortality in patients undergoing reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2015; 50:1371-4. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2015.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Gonzalez FA, Van den Eynde E, Perez-Hoyos S, Navarro J, Curran A, Burgos J, Falcó V, Ocaña I, Ribera E, Crespo M. Liver stiffness and aspartate aminotransferase levels predict the risk for liver fibrosis progression in hepatitis C virus/HIV-coinfected patients. HIV Med 2014; 16:211-8. [PMID: 25234826 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate liver fibrosis outcome and the risk factors associated with liver fibrosis progression in hepatitis C virus (HCV)/HIV-coinfected patients. METHODS We prospectively obtained liver stiffness measurements by transient elastography in a cohort of 154 HCV/HIV-coinfected patients, mostly Caucasian men on suppressive antiretroviral treatment, with the aim of determining the risk for liver stiffness measurement (LSM) increase and to identify the predictive factors for liver fibrosis progression. To evaluate LSM trends over time, a linear mixed regression model with LSM level as the outcome and duration of follow-up in years as the main covariate was fitted. RESULTS After a median follow-up time of 40 months, the median increase in LSM was 1.05 kPa/year [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.72-1.38 kPa/year]. Fibrosis stage progression was seen in 47% of patients, and 17% progressed to cirrhosis. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and liver fibrosis stage at baseline were identified as independent predictors of LSM change. Patients with F3 (LSM 9.6-14.5 kPa) or AST levels ≥ 64 IU/L at baseline were at higher risk for accelerated LSM increase (ranging from 1.45 to 2.61 kPa/year), whereas LSM change was very slow among patients with both F0-F1 (LSM ≤ 7.5 kPa) and AST levels ≤ 64 IU/L at baseline (0.34 to 0.58 kPa/year). An intermediate risk for LSM increase (from 0.78 to 1.03 kPa/year) was seen in patients with F2 (LSM 7.6-9.5 kPa) and AST baseline levels ≤ 64 IU/L. CONCLUSIONS AST levels and liver stiffness at baseline allow stratification of the risk for fibrosis progression and might be clinically useful to guide HCV treatment decisions in HIV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Gonzalez
- Internal Medicine Department, Garcia de Orta Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
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Konstantinidis C, Trilla E, Serres X, Lorente D, Salazar J, Pla A, Castellón R, Iztueta I, Placido LR, Servian P, Perez-Hoyos S, Morote J. MP54-09 MANAGEMENT OF SMALL RENAL MASSES USING CONTRAST-ENHANCED ULTRA SOUND PERCUTANEOUS RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION: FUNCTIONAL RESULTS, EARLY ONCOLOGICAL OUTCOMES AND COMPLICATIONS ACCORDING THE R.E.N.A.L NEPHROMETRY SCORE. J Urol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.1598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pelayo-Alvarez M, Perez-Hoyos S, Agra-Varela Y. Clinical effectiveness of online training in palliative care of primary care physicians. J Palliat Med 2013; 16:1188-96. [PMID: 23987657 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2013.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary care physicians (PCPs) have a major responsibility in the management of palliative patients. Online palliative care (PC) education has not been shown to have a clinical impact on patients that is equal or different to traditional training. OBJECTIVE This study tested the clinical effectiveness of online PC education of physicians through impact on symptom control, quality of life (QOL), caregiver satisfaction, and knowledge-attitude of physicians at 18 months of the intervention. METHODS We conducted a randomized clinical trial. Subjects were 169 physicians randomly assigned to receive the online model or traditional training. Consecutive patients with advanced cancer requiring PC were included. Physicians and patients completed the Palliative Care Outcome Scale (POS), and patients the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and the Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL) twice, 7 to 10 days apart. Caregivers completed the SERVQUAL. Physicians' level of knowledge-attitude was measured at 18 months. RESULTS Sixty-seven physicians enrolled 117 patients. The intervention group had reduced scores for pain, symptoms, and family anxiety. The global RSCL scale showed a difference between groups. There was no significant difference in the questionnaires used. Caregiver satisfaction was comparable between groups. Physicians in the intervention group significantly increased their knowledge without any differences in attitude. Online training was completed by 86.6% in the intervention group, whereas 13.4% in the control group accessed traditional training. CONCLUSIONS Participation in an online PC education program by PCPs improved patient scores for some symptoms and family anxiety on the POS and also showed improved global QOL. Significant differences were found in physicians' knowledge at short and long term.
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Pelayo-Alvarez M, Perez-Hoyos S, Agra-Varela Y. Reliability and concurrent validity of the Palliative Outcome Scale, the Rotterdam Symptom Checklist, and the Brief Pain Inventory. J Palliat Med 2013; 16:867-74. [PMID: 23808642 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2012.0625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some domains of the questionnaires used to measure symptoms and quality of life (QOL) in patients with advanced cancer seem to measure similar dimensions or constructs, so it would be useful for clinicians to demonstrate the interchangeability of equivalent domains of the questionnaires in measuring the same constructs. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the reliability and concurrent validity of the Palliative Outcome Scale (POS), the Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL), and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), used to measure symptom control in patients with advanced cancer. DESIGN This was an evaluative study. SETTING/SUBJECTS Subjects were patients with advanced cancer attended by Spanish primary care physicians. MEASUREMENTS Secondary analysis was performed of 117 outpatients who completed the POS, BPI, and RSCL at two different times, with an interval of 7 to 10 days. Bland and Altman analyses and plot, repeatability coefficient, as well as Spearman correlations were carried out. RESULTS There were 117 included patients. Mean age was 69.4 (11.5) years, gender was 60% male, 37.6% completed only elementary school, diagnoses were mainly digestive and lung cancer, with a low functional rate and presence of oncologic pain. First and second questionnaire rounds showed significant correlations and agreement. Agreement was shown between pain intensity of BPI and pain and physical scales of RSCL, and between physical symptoms of RSCL and of POS, with significant correlations in equivalent dimensions. CONCLUSION BPI, POS, and RSCL have shown adequate reliability and moderate concurrent validity among them.
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Reyes-Urueña JM, de Olalla PG, Perez-Hoyos S, Caylà JA. Time series analysis comparing mandatory and voluntary notification of newly diagnosed HIV infections in a city with a concentrated epidemic. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:338. [PMID: 23587052 PMCID: PMC3639790 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Catalonia, a law was passed in 2010 to incorporate HIV infection as a mandatory disease and to reduce under-reporting, perform follow-up and to improve prevention. Currently, there are studies that describe the surveillance of new diagnoses of HIV infection. However, there are no studies that compare the change from voluntary to mandatory notification. This study evaluates the impact of mandatory notification on the registered cases of newly diagnosed HIV infections in a city with a concentrated epidemic. Methods We analysed newly diagnosed HIV infections that were included in the city register. A descriptive analysis compared the number and the epidemiological characteristics of cases that were declared in two different periods (when notification was voluntary in 2001–2009 and when mandatory in 2010–2011). Time series analysis was conducted, evaluating trends and changes by fitting a Poisson regression model. The Epidemiology Service from the Public Health Agency was responsible for gathering and analyzing data and producing reports on communicable disease for the city. The data used in this study is openly available. Results Overall, 4510 cases of HIV infection were registered, 81.9% were men and 74.5% of them aged over 30. Among men, 55.6% were men who had sex with men (MSM), and among women, the most common route of transmission was heterosexual (HTS) with 65.4%. An annual average of 560 cases was registered between 2010 and 2011. This represents an increase of 33% from the annual average over the previous period (p<0.001). Time series analysis showed that the probability of notification was 2.8 (95% confidence interval 2.4-3.3) times higher with mandatory notification than in the earlier period. There was a statistically significant decrease of missing values in the period of mandatory notification (p<0.001). Conclusions Mandatory notification of HIV has resulted in an increase in detection of newly diagnosed infections, reduced the levels of missing data and has provided a more realistic picture of the epidemiology of HIV. This information also helps to improve the suitability of interventions aimed at HIV prevention and control.
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Costagliola D, Ledergerber B, Torti C, van Sighem A, Podzamczer D, Mocroft A, Dorrucci M, Masquelier B, de Luca A, Jansen K, De Wit S, Obel N, Fätkenheuer G, Touloumi G, Mussini C, Castagna A, Stephan C, García F, Zangerle R, Duval X, Perez-Hoyos S, Meyer L, Ghosn J, Fabre-Colin C, Kjaer J, Chêne G, Grarup J, Phillips A, Lodwick R, Torti C, Dorrucci M, Günthard HF, Michalik C, Chrysos G, Castagna A. Predictors of CD4(+) T-cell counts of HIV type 1-infected persons after virologic failure of all 3 original antiretroviral drug classes. J Infect Dis 2012; 207:759-67. [PMID: 23225900 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low CD4(+) T-cell counts are the main factor leading to clinical progression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We aimed to investigate factors affecting CD4(+) T-cell counts after triple-class virological failure. METHODS We included individuals from the COHERE database who started antiretroviral therapy from 1998 onward and who experienced triple-class virological failure. CD4(+) T-cell counts obtained after triple-class virologic failure were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS The analyses included 2424 individuals with a total of 23 922 CD4(+) T-cell count measurements. In adjusted models (excluding current viral load and year), CD4(+) T-cell counts were higher with regimens that included boosted protease inhibitors (increase, 22 cells/µL [95% confidence interval {CI}, 3.9-41]; P = .017) or drugs from the new classes (increase, 39 cells/µL [95% CI, 15-62]; P = .001), compared with nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor-based regimens. These associations disappeared when current viral load and/or calendar year were included. Compared with viral levels of <2.5 log(10) copies/mL, levels of 2.5-3.5, 3.5-4.5, 4.5-5.5, and >5.5 log(10) copies/mL were associated with CD4(+) T-cell count decreases of 51, 84, 137, and 186 cells/µL, respectively (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The approximately linear inverse relationship between log(10) viral load and CD4(+) T-cell count indicates that there are likely immunologic benefits from lowering viral load even by modest amounts that do not lead to undetectable viral loads. This is important for patients with low CD4(+) T-cell counts and few drug options.
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Beltran M, Ramos M, Rovira JJ, Perez-Hoyos S, Sancho M, Puertas E, Benavente S, Ginjaume M, Giralt J. Dose variations in tumor volumes and organs at risk during IMRT for head-and-neck cancer. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2012; 13:3723. [PMID: 23149770 PMCID: PMC5718549 DOI: 10.1120/jacmp.v13i6.3723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many head-and-neck cancer (HNC) patients treated with radiotherapy suffer significant anatomical changes due to tumor shrinkage or weight loss. The purpose of this study was to assess dose changes over target volumes and organs at risk during intensity-modulated radiotherapy for HNC patients. Sixteen HNC IMRT patients, all requiring bilateral neck irradiation, were enrolled in the study. A CTplan was performed and the initial dose distribution was calculated. During the treatment, two subsequent CTs at the 15th (CT15) and 25th (CT25) fractions were acquired. The initial plan was calculated on the CT15 and CT25, and dose-volume differences related to the CTplan were assessed. For target volumes, mean values of near-maximun absorbed dose (D2%) increased at the 25th fraction, and doses covering 95% and 98% of volume decreased significantly at the 15th fraction. Contralateral and ipsilateral parotid gland mean doses increased by 6.1% (range: -5.4, 23.5%) and 4.7% (range: -9.1, 22.3%), respectively, at CT25. The D2% in the spinal cord increased by 1.8 Gy at CT15. Mean absorbed dose increases at CT15 and CT25 were observed in: the lips, 3.8% and 5.3%; the oral cavity, 3.5% and 2.5%; and lower middle neck structure, 1.9% and 1.6%. Anatomical changes during treatment of HNC patients affect dose distribution and induce a loss of dose coverage to target volumes and an overdosage to critical structures. Appropriate organs at risk have to be contoured and monitored in order to know if the initial plan remains suitable during the course of the treatment. Reported dosimetric data can help to identify patients who could benefit from adaptive radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercè Beltran
- Servei de Física,Servei d’Oncologia Radioteràpica, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain .
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Lewden C, Bouteloup V, De Wit S, Sabin C, Mocroft A, Wasmuth JC, van Sighem A, Kirk O, Obel N, Panos G, Ghosn J, Dabis F, Mary-Krause M, Leport C, Perez-Hoyos S, Sobrino-Vegas P, Stephan C, Castagna A, Antinori A, d'Arminio Monforte A, Torti C, Mussini C, Isern V, Calmy A, Teira R, Egger M, Grarup J, Chêne G. All-cause mortality in treated HIV-infected adults with CD4 ≥500/mm3 compared with the general population: evidence from a large European observational cohort collaboration. Int J Epidemiol 2011; 41:433-45. [PMID: 22493325 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyr164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using data from a large European collaborative study, we aimed to identify the circumstances in which treated HIV-infected individuals will experience similar mortality rates to those of the general population. METHODS Adults were eligible if they initiated combination anti-retroviral treatment (cART) between 1998 and 2008 and had one prior CD4 measurement within 6 months. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and excess mortality rates compared with the general population were estimated using Poisson regression. Periods of follow-up were classified according to the current CD4 count. RESULTS Of the 80 642 individuals, 70% were men, 16% were injecting drug users (IDUs), the median age was 37 years, median CD4 count 225/mm(3) at cART initiation and median follow-up was 3.5 years. The overall mortality rate was 1.2/100 person-years (PY) (men: 1.3, women: 0.9), 4.2 times as high as that in the general population (SMR for men: 3.8, for women: 7.4). Among 35 316 individuals with a CD4 count ≥500/mm(3), the mortality rate was 0.37/100 PY (SMR 1.5); mortality rates were similar to those of the general population in non-IDU men [SMR 0.9, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.7-1.3] and, after 3 years, in women (SMR 1.1, 95% CI 0.7-1.7). Mortality rates in IDUs remained elevated, though a trend to decrease with longer durations with high CD4 count was seen. A prior AIDS diagnosis was associated with higher mortality. CONCLUSIONS Mortality patterns in most non-IDU HIV-infected individuals with high CD4 counts on cART are similar to those in the general population. The persistent role of a prior AIDS diagnosis underlines the importance of early diagnosis of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
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- INSERM, U897, ISPED, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, France.
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Jarrin I, Pantazis N, Gill MJ, Geskus R, Perez-Hoyos S, Meyer L, Prins M, Touloumi G, Johnson A, Hamouda O, Garcia de Olalla P, Porter K, del Amo J. Uptake of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy and HIV Disease Progression According to Geographical Origin in Seroconverters in Europe, Canada, and Australia. Clin Infect Dis 2011; 54:111-8. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/cir814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Monge S, Jarrin I, Perez-Hoyos S, Ferreros I, Garcia-Olalla P, Muga R, Del Romero J, Belda J, Castilla J, Bolumar F, Del Amo J. Educational level and HIV disease progression before and after the introduction of HAART: a cohort study in 989 HIV seroconverters in Spain. Sex Transm Infect 2011; 87:571-6. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Goya M, Pratcorona L, Higueras T, Perez-Hoyos S, Carreras E, Cabero L. Sonographic cervical length measurement in pregnant women with a cervical pessary. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2011; 38:205-209. [PMID: 21305638 DOI: 10.1002/uog.8960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to describe and assess the feasibility of measuring cervical length by standard transvaginal sonography (TVS) and transperineal sonography (TPS) in women with a cervical pessary and compare these measurements with those obtained with a new transvaginal technique. METHODS Measurement of cervical length by TPS was attempted immediately before measurement using TVS in 48 women with a cervical pessary at between 22 and 23 weeks' gestation. The TVS procedure consisted of two types of measurement: in the first, the probe was placed on the anterior fornix (standard technique) and in the second, the probe was inserted into the pessary to touch the anterior cervical lip (new technique). Two physicians consecutively performed these procedures and compared the measurements obtained. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) with 95% CI were used to evaluate interobserver reliability, and Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess interobserver agreement. RESULTS In total, 258 measurements (obtained from 43 women) were analyzed. Interobserver ICCs of the measurements obtained were 0.58 (95% CI, 0.34-0.75) for TPS, 0.65 (95% CI, 0.44-0.79) for the standard TVS technique and 0.97 (95% CI, 0.95-0.98) for the new TVS technique. Bland-Altman analysis showed small mean differences between measurements obtained by two physicians for the three methods, but with narrower limits of agreements (LOA) for the new TVS technique: TPS mean difference - 0.99 mm (95% LOA, - 13.23 to 11.25 mm), standard TVS technique mean difference - 0.23 mm (95% LOA, - 10.90 to 10.44 mm) and new TVS technique mean difference - 0.01 mm (95% LOA, - 2.57 to 2.55 mm). It was apparent from the images obtained that the external os was not visible in 89% of cases when either the TPS or standard TVS technique was used. However, the external os was visible in all cases when the new TVS method was used. CONCLUSIONS We propose a new technique for measuring and monitoring cervical length in women with a cervical pessary that provides improved visualization of the cervix and increased reliability in comparison to established techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Goya
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Cain LE, Logan R, Robins JM, Sterne JAC, Sabin C, Bansi L, Justice A, Goulet J, van Sighem A, de Wolf F, Bucher HC, von Wyl V, Esteve A, Casabona J, del Amo J, Moreno S, Seng R, Meyer L, Perez-Hoyos S, Muga R, Lodi S, Lanoy E, Costagliola D, Hernan MA. When to initiate combined antiretroviral therapy to reduce mortality and AIDS-defining illness in HIV-infected persons in developed countries: an observational study. Ann Intern Med 2011; 154:509-515. [PMID: 21502648 PMCID: PMC3610527 DOI: 10.1059/0003-4819-154-8-201104190-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most clinical guidelines recommend that AIDS-free, HIV-infected persons with CD4 cell counts below 0.350 × 10(9) cells/L initiate combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), but the optimal CD4 cell count at which cART should be initiated remains a matter of debate. OBJECTIVE To identify the optimal CD4 cell count at which cART should be initiated. DESIGN Prospective observational data from the HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration and dynamic marginal structural models were used to compare cART initiation strategies for CD4 thresholds between 0.200 and 0.500 × 10(9) cells/L. SETTING HIV clinics in Europe and the Veterans Health Administration system in the United States. PATIENTS 20, 971 HIV-infected, therapy-naive persons with baseline CD4 cell counts at or above 0.500 × 10(9) cells/L and no previous AIDS-defining illnesses, of whom 8392 had a CD4 cell count that decreased into the range of 0.200 to 0.499 × 10(9) cells/L and were included in the analysis. MEASUREMENTS Hazard ratios and survival proportions for all-cause mortality and a combined end point of AIDS-defining illness or death. RESULTS Compared with initiating cART at the CD4 cell count threshold of 0.500 × 10(9) cells/L, the mortality hazard ratio was 1.01 (95% CI, 0.84 to 1.22) for the 0.350 threshold and 1.20 (CI, 0.97 to 1.48) for the 0.200 threshold. The corresponding hazard ratios were 1.38 (CI, 1.23 to 1.56) and 1.90 (CI, 1.67 to 2.15), respectively, for the combined end point of AIDS-defining illness or death. LIMITATIONS CD4 cell count at cART initiation was not randomized. Residual confounding may exist. CONCLUSION Initiation of cART at a threshold CD4 count of 0.500 × 10(9) cells/L increases AIDS-free survival. However, mortality did not vary substantially with the use of CD4 thresholds between 0.300 and 0.500 × 10(9) cells/L.
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Cain LE, Logan R, Robins JM, Sterne JAC, Sabin C, Bansi L, Justice A, Goulet J, van Sighem A, de Wolf F, Bucher HC, von Wyl V, Esteve A, Casabona J, del Amo J, Moreno S, Seng R, Meyer L, Perez-Hoyos S, Muga R, Lodi S, Lanoy E, Costagliola D, Hernan MA. When to initiate combined antiretroviral therapy to reduce mortality and AIDS-defining illness in HIV-infected persons in developed countries: an observational study. Ann Intern Med 2011; 154:509-15. [PMID: 21502648 PMCID: PMC3610527 DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-154-8-201104190-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most clinical guidelines recommend that AIDS-free, HIV-infected persons with CD4 cell counts below 0.350 × 10(9) cells/L initiate combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), but the optimal CD4 cell count at which cART should be initiated remains a matter of debate. OBJECTIVE To identify the optimal CD4 cell count at which cART should be initiated. DESIGN Prospective observational data from the HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration and dynamic marginal structural models were used to compare cART initiation strategies for CD4 thresholds between 0.200 and 0.500 × 10(9) cells/L. SETTING HIV clinics in Europe and the Veterans Health Administration system in the United States. PATIENTS 20, 971 HIV-infected, therapy-naive persons with baseline CD4 cell counts at or above 0.500 × 10(9) cells/L and no previous AIDS-defining illnesses, of whom 8392 had a CD4 cell count that decreased into the range of 0.200 to 0.499 × 10(9) cells/L and were included in the analysis. MEASUREMENTS Hazard ratios and survival proportions for all-cause mortality and a combined end point of AIDS-defining illness or death. RESULTS Compared with initiating cART at the CD4 cell count threshold of 0.500 × 10(9) cells/L, the mortality hazard ratio was 1.01 (95% CI, 0.84 to 1.22) for the 0.350 threshold and 1.20 (CI, 0.97 to 1.48) for the 0.200 threshold. The corresponding hazard ratios were 1.38 (CI, 1.23 to 1.56) and 1.90 (CI, 1.67 to 2.15), respectively, for the combined end point of AIDS-defining illness or death. LIMITATIONS CD4 cell count at cART initiation was not randomized. Residual confounding may exist. CONCLUSION Initiation of cART at a threshold CD4 count of 0.500 × 10(9) cells/L increases AIDS-free survival. However, mortality did not vary substantially with the use of CD4 thresholds between 0.300 and 0.500 × 10(9) cells/L.
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Affiliation(s)
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- Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Perez-Hoyos S, Naniche D, Macete E, Aponte JJ, Sacarlal J, Sigauque B, Bardaji A, Moraleda C, de Deus N, Alonso PL, Menéndez C. Stabilization of HIV incidence in women of reproductive age in southern Mozambique. HIV Med 2011; 12:500-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2010.00908.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jarrin I, Geskus R, Bhaskaran K, Prins M, Perez-Hoyos S, Muga R, Hernández-Aguado I, Meyer L, Porter K, del Amo J. Gender differences in HIV progression to AIDS and death in industrialized countries: slower disease progression following HIV seroconversion in women. Am J Epidemiol 2008; 168:532-40. [PMID: 18663213 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwn179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate sex differences in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression before (pre-1997) and after (1997-2006) introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, the authors used data from a collaboration of 23 HIV seroconverter cohort studies from Europe, Australia, and Canada restricted to the 6,923 seroconverters infected through injecting drug use and sex between men and women. Within a competing risk framework, they used Cox proportional hazards models allowing for late entry to evaluate sex differences in time from HIV seroconversion to death, to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and to each first AIDS-defining disease and death without AIDS. While no significant sex differences were found before 1997, from 1997 onward, women had a lower risk of AIDS (adjusted cumulative relative risk (aCRR) = 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63, 0.90) and death (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.82) than men did. Compared with men, women also had lower risks of AIDS dementia complex (aCRR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.74), tuberculosis (aCRR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.92), Kaposi's sarcoma (aCRR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.99), lymphomas (aCRR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.96), and death without AIDS (aCRR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.98). Sex differences in HIV disease progression have become larger and statistically significant in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, supporting a stronger impact of health interventions among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Jarrin
- National Center of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Perez-Hoyos S, Rodríguez-Arenas MA, García de la Hera M, Iribarren JA, Moreno S, Viciana P, Peña A, Gómez Sirvent JL, Saumoy M, Lacruz J, Padilla S, Oteo JA, Asencio R, Del Amo J. Progression to AIDS and death and response to HAART in men and women from a multicenter hospital-based cohort. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2007; 16:1052-61. [PMID: 17903082 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2007.0437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study if progression to AIDS and death, as well as clinical and virological response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), differs between men and women. METHODS We studied a multicenter, hospital-based cohort of HIV-infected patients attending 10 hospitals in Spain from January 1997 to December 2003. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were used to assess the effect of sex on time to AIDS, survival from AIDS, onset of a new AIDS event or death, and viral suppression from HAART. RESULTS Of 4643 patients, 27% were women. Women had statistically significant lower viral loads (VL) of 3.9 vs. 4.1 log10/mL (p = 0.02) and higher median CD4 counts of 339 vs. 288 cells/mm3 (p < 0.001) at entry and were more likely to be AIDS free at entry. In univariate analysis, women seemed to show a nonsignificant lower progression to AIDS (HR 0.88) (95 CI% 0.73-1.07), which disappeared in multivariate analyses (HR 1.03) (95% CI 0.82-1.29). Survival from AIDS seemed to be higher in women (HR 0.65) (95% CI 0.40-1.05), but differences became clearly nonsignificant after adjustments (HR 0.71) (95% CI 0.42-1.23). No differences were seen in time to new AIDS condition or death after HAART (HR 1.08) (95% CI 0.80-1.46) in multivariate analyses. No differences were seen for time to VL suppression after initiation of HAART (HR 1.07) (95% CI 0.92-1.24). CONCLUSIONS We have found no differences in HIV progression and response to HAART attributable to gender among patients accessing the Spanish hospital network.
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Ferrandiz J, Abellan JJ, Gomez-Rubio V, Lopez-Quilez A, Sanmartin P, Abellan C, Martinez-Beneito MA, Melchor I, Vanaclocha H, Zurriaga O, Ballester F, Gil JM, Perez-Hoyos S, Ocana R. Spatial analysis of the relationship between mortality from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and drinking water hardness. Environ Health Perspect 2004; 112:1037-44. [PMID: 15198925 PMCID: PMC1247198 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.6737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Previously published scientific papers have reported a negative correlation between drinking water hardness and cardiovascular mortality. Some ecologic and case-control studies suggest the protective effect of calcium and magnesium concentration in drinking water. In this article we present an analysis of this protective relationship in 538 municipalities of Comunidad Valenciana (Spain) from 1991-1998. We used the Spanish version of the Rapid Inquiry Facility (RIF) developed under the European Environment and Health Information System (EUROHEIS) research project. The strategy of analysis used in our study conforms to the exploratory nature of the RIF that is used as a tool to obtain quick and flexible insight into epidemiologic surveillance problems. This article describes the use of the RIF to explore possible associations between disease indicators and environmental factors. We used exposure analysis to assess the effect of both protective factors--calcium and magnesium--on mortality from cerebrovascular (ICD-9 430-438) and ischemic heart (ICD-9 410-414) diseases. This study provides statistical evidence of the relationship between mortality from cardiovascular diseases and hardness of drinking water. This relationship is stronger in cerebrovascular disease than in ischemic heart disease, is more pronounced for women than for men, and is more apparent with magnesium than with calcium concentration levels. Nevertheless, the protective nature of these two factors is not clearly established. Our results suggest the possibility of protectiveness but cannot be claimed as conclusive. The weak effects of these covariates make it difficult to separate them from the influence of socioeconomic and environmental factors. We have also performed disease mapping of standardized mortality ratios to detect clusters of municipalities with high risk. Further standardization by levels of calcium and magnesium in drinking water shows changes in the maps when we remove the effect of these covariates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ferrandiz
- Departamento d Estadistica i Investigacio Operativa, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Escribá-Agüir V, Perez-Hoyos S, Saurel-Cubizolles MJ. Physical load and psychological demand at work during pregnancy and preterm birth. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2001; 74:583-8. [PMID: 11768048 DOI: 10.1007/s004200100259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of physical workload and psychological demand on all preterm births, and to determine whether these risk factors have the same effect on different types of preterm birth (moderate versus very preterm birth) and different modes of delivery onset (spontaneous versus indicated preterm birth). METHODS A case-control study was carried out in two public general hospitals in the Valencia Region, Spain. All preterm births (228) which occurred between 22 and 36 completed weeks of amenorrhea and 348 controls of 37 or more completed weeks of amenorrhea were included. The information was collected by interviewing women within 2 days of their giving birth. Physical workload, psychological demand, weekly working hours and daily time spent commuting between home and work were used as explanatory variables. A polytomous logistic regression was carried out. RESULTS Exposure to medium or high level physical workload increases the risk of preterm birth, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.59 and 2.31, respectively. The risk of moderate preterm birth was greater in women with a medium or high level of physical workload, OR: 1.73 and 2.35, respectively. The same trend was observed for very preterm birth. Physical workload showed a different effect on spontaneous and indicated preterm birth. The exposure to medium and high level physical workload increases the risk of indicated preterm birth, with an OR of 2.74 and 3.88, respectively. The same trend was seen in the case of spontaneous preterm birth. Psychological demands were not associated with preterm birth. CONCLUSIONS High physical exertion increases the risk of preterm birth in Spain. The magnitude of the effect of physical workload on moderate and very preterm birth is similar, but is higher on indicated preterm birth than on spontaneous preterm birth. Psychological demands show no effect on the risk of preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Escribá-Agüir
- Valencia School for Health Studies, Regional Ministry of Health, Spain.
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