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Barreca S, Mancuso MMM, Sacristán D, Pace A, Savoca D, Orecchio S. Determination of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in the Indoor Dust Matter of the Sicily (Italy) Area: Analysis and Exposure Evaluations. Toxics 2023; 12:28. [PMID: 38250983 PMCID: PMC10819494 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in environmental matrices is increasingly being studied due to its environmental persistence, global occurrence, bioaccumulation, and associated human health risks. Some indoor environments can significantly impact the health of occupants due to pollutants in indoor air and household dust. To investigate the potential exposure of individuals to PFOA in specific confined environments, this study reports an analytical method and results concerning the determination of PFOA in household dust, used as a passive sampler. To the best of our knowledge, this paper represents one of the first studies concerning PFOA concentrations in indoor dust collected in the south of Italy, within the European region. A total of twenty-three dust samples were collected from two different areas of Sicily (Palermo and Milena), extracted, and analyzed by an UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS system. Finally, PFOA exposure was estimated using a new index (Indoor PFOA Exposure Index, IPEX) that incorporates the PFOA levels in dust, exposure time, and the correlation between the PFOA in dust and blood. It was then compared across four different exposure groups, revealing that PFOA exposure for people working in chemistry laboratories was evaluated to be ten times higher than the exposure for homemakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Barreca
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Michele Marco Mizio Mancuso
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo (STEBICEF), Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90100 Palermo, Italy (A.P.); (D.S.); (S.O.)
| | - Daniel Sacristán
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Valencia Córdoba, 46100 Valencia, Spain;
- Department of Soil and Environmental Quality Department, Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación-CIDE (CSIC-Universitat de València-Generalitat Valenciana), Carretera Moncada-Náquera km 4.5, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrea Pace
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo (STEBICEF), Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90100 Palermo, Italy (A.P.); (D.S.); (S.O.)
| | - Dario Savoca
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo (STEBICEF), Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90100 Palermo, Italy (A.P.); (D.S.); (S.O.)
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Santino Orecchio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo (STEBICEF), Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90100 Palermo, Italy (A.P.); (D.S.); (S.O.)
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Amorello D, Indelicato R, Barreca S, Orecchio S, Orecchio S. Analytical Method for Quantification of Several Phthalate Acid Esters by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Coffee Brew Samples. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200082. [PMID: 36478441 PMCID: PMC9728482 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several phthalate acid esters (PAEs), often called phthalate esters or phthalates, are substances classified as harmful due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic properties, and moreover, as dangerous for humans because they interfere with the endocrine system. In general, phthalic esters are used as plasticizers for different polymers and more other consumer products. In the present study, we describe a simple method to quantify PAEs in coffee brew using a liquid-liquid extraction without purification processes through analysing the obtained organic phase by GCMS in the single ion monitoring mode. The totals of single PAEs, in coffee brew samples analysed by us, are in the range of 159-5305 μg L-1 . Considering that, on average, a person drinks three cups (total 90 mL) of the aforementioned drink per day, this will lead to the uptake of a total 14 to 477 μg of phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Amorello
- Universita degli Studi di PalermoScienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e FarmaceuticheViale delle Scienze, Ed. 1790100PalermoItaly
| | - Roberta Indelicato
- Universita degli Studi di PalermoScienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e FarmaceuticheViale delle Scienze, Ed. 1790100PalermoItaly
| | - Salvatore Barreca
- Chemical Sciences DepartmentUniversity of CataniaViale Andrea Doria 695125CataniaItaly
| | - Santino Orecchio
- Universita degli Studi di PalermoScienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e FarmaceuticheViale delle Scienze, Ed. 1790100PalermoItaly
| | - Silvia Orecchio
- Universita degli Studi di PalermoScienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e FarmaceuticheViale delle Scienze, Ed. 1790100PalermoItaly
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Melegari M, Giallonardo M, Sacco R, Marcucci L, Orecchio S, Bruni O. Identifying the impact of the confinement of Covid-19 on emotional-mood and behavioural dimensions in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Psychiatry Res 2021; 296:113692. [PMID: 33421841 PMCID: PMC7770476 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The current study examined the impact of the lockdown due to the Covid-19 disease on mood state and behaviours of children and adolescents with ADHD. Nine hundred ninety-two parents of children and adolescents with ADHD filled out an anonymous online survey through the ADHD family association website. The survey investigated the degree of severity of six emotional and mood states (sadness, boredom, little enjoyment/interest, irritability, temper tantrums, anxiety) and five disrupted behaviours (verbal and physical aggression, argument, opposition, restlessness) based on their frequency/week (absent; low: 1-2 days/week; moderate: 3-4 days/week; severe: 5-7 days/week) before and during the lockdown. Important fluctuations were found in all dimensions during the lockdown independently by the severity degree. Subjects with previous low severity degree of these behaviors significantly worsened in almost all dimensions during the lockdown. On the contrary, ADHD patients with moderate and severe degree showed important improvement during the lockdown. Little enjoyment/interests and boredom resulted the dimensions more strongly affected by the condition of restriction, overall in children. Children vs. adolescents showed substantially similar trend but the former resulted significantly more vulnerable to emotive changes. The results provided both the individuation of domains affected, and the indirect benefits produced by restriction condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.G. Melegari
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - M. Giallonardo
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - R. Sacco
- Service for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy
| | - L. Marcucci
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - S. Orecchio
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - O. Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy,Corresponding author
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Orecchio S, Amorello D. Platinum and Rhodium in Potato Samples by Using Voltammetric Techniques. Foods 2019; 8:foods8020059. [PMID: 30764564 PMCID: PMC6406736 DOI: 10.3390/foods8020059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum having high nutritional values. This paper is the first analytical approach to quantify Pt and Rh in vegetal food. In this study a total of 38 different potato samples produced in Europe and one in Australia were investigated. Determinations of Pt and Rh in potato samples were carried out by Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV/a) for platinum and by Adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) for Rh using standard addition procedure. Because no certified reference potatoes containing platinum and rhodium are available, we used addition standard method. The quantification limits for Pt and Rh are 0.007 and 0.0008 μg kg−1 respectively. Considering all the potato samples, concentrations of Pt and Rh vary in the ranges from 0.007 to 109 μg kg−1 (sample no, 6 potatoes grown in Sicily) and from 0.0008 to 0.030 μg kg−1 (sample no. 3 of potatoes grown in Emilia Romagna), respectively. For both metals, in many cases the concentrations fall near the quantification limit. In all the samples, platinum is always more abundant than rhodium and their mean ratio is 14,500, which is much greater than that of the Earth’s crust (about 100).
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Diana Amorello
- Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Rubino S, Pibiri I, Minacori C, Alduina R, Di Stefano V, Orecchio S, Buscemi S, Girasolo MA, Tesoriere L, Attanzio A. Synthesis, structural characterization, anti-proliferative and antimicrobial activity of binuclear and mononuclear Pt(II) complexes with perfluoroalkyl-heterocyclic ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Maggio A, Orecchio S. Fatty Acid Composition of Gluten-Free Food (Bakery Products) for Celiac People. Foods 2018; 7:foods7060095. [PMID: 29925768 PMCID: PMC6025056 DOI: 10.3390/foods7060095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study (first analytical approach) was to obtain data concerning the fatty acid composition of gluten-free foods (bakery products) for celiac people. The study included 35 different products (snacks, biscuits, bakery products, pasta, flours, etc.) from several manufacturers. After extraction and esterification, the fatty acid composition was determined by Gaschromatography (GC–MS) Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) were found to be the major constituents (57%), followed by saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (30%), and polyunsaturated fatty acid (13%). Only 15 of the 35 gluten-free samples analyzed appeared to provide adequate energy intake, while, in 11 samples, saturated fatty acids were found to supply more energy than that recommended by the European Food Safety Authority EFSA. Moreover, data analyses showed that, although gluten-free commercial products are high added-value foods, industrial products in many cases contain palm and palm kernel oils, whereas the local producers generally use the finest raw materials, such as olive oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Maggio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Cataldo S, Lando G, Milea D, Orecchio S, Pettignano A, Sammartano S. A novel thermodynamic approach for the complexation study of toxic metal cations by a landfill leachate. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The leachate humic fraction is a good sequestering agent towards toxic metal ions, influencing their aqueous solution behaviour and their environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Cataldo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica
- Università di Palermo
- Viale delle Scienze
- I-90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Gabriele Lando
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università degli Studi di Messina
- I-98166 Messina
| | - Demetrio Milea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università degli Studi di Messina
- I-98166 Messina
| | - Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche
- Chimiche e Farmaceutiche
- Università di Palermo
- Palermo
- Italy
| | - Alberto Pettignano
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica
- Università di Palermo
- Viale delle Scienze
- I-90128 Palermo
- Italy
| | - Silvio Sammartano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Biologiche
- Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali
- Università degli Studi di Messina
- I-98166 Messina
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Indelicato S, Orecchio S, Avellone G, Bellomo S, Ceraulo L, Di Leonardo R, Di Stefano V, Favara R, Candela EG, La Pica L, Morici S, Pecoraino G, Pisciotta A, Scaletta C, Vita F, Vizzini S, Bongiorno D. Effect of solid waste landfill organic pollutants on groundwater in three areas of Sicily (Italy) characterized by different vulnerability. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:16869-16882. [PMID: 28573564 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9198-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to obtain information on the presence and levels of hazardous organic pollutants in groundwater located close to solid waste landfills. Eighty-two environmental contaminants, including 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 20 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 29 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 7 dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDDs) and 10 furans (polychlorinated dibenzofurans, PCDFs) were monitored in areas characterised by different geological environments surrounding three municipal solid waste landfills (Palermo, Siculiana and Ragusa) in Sicily (Italy) in three sampling campaigns. The total concentrations of the 16 PAHs were always below the legal threshold. Overall, the Fl/Fl + Py diagnostic ratio revealed that PAHs had a petrogenic origin. VOC levels, except for two notable exceptions near Palermo landfill, were always below the legal limit. As concerns PCB levels, several samples were found positive with levels exceeding the legal limits. It is worth noting that the % PCB distribution differs from that of commercial compositions. In parallel, some samples of groundwater containing PCDDs and PCDFs exceeding the legal threshold were also found. Among the 17 congeners monitored, the most abundant were the highest molecular weight ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Indelicato
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, Università di Palermo, via Archirafi 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Avellone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sergio Bellomo
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Ceraulo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rossella Di Leonardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, Università di Palermo, via Archirafi 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vita Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rocco Favara
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Esterina Gagliano Candela
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Leonardo La Pica
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sabina Morici
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovannella Pecoraino
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Pisciotta
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudio Scaletta
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Vita
- Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Palermo, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatrice Vizzini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, Università di Palermo, via Archirafi 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy
- CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Roma, Italy
| | - David Bongiorno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128, Palermo, Italy.
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Rubino S, Busà R, Attanzio A, Alduina R, Di Stefano V, Girasolo MA, Orecchio S, Tesoriere L. Synthesis, properties, antitumor and antibacterial activity of new Pt(II) and Pd(II) complexes with 2,2'-dithiobis(benzothiazole) ligand. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2378-2386. [PMID: 28336408 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Mono- and binuclear Pt(II) and Pd(II) complexes with 2,2'-dithiobis(benzothiazole) (DTBTA) ligand are reported. [Pt(DTBTA)(DMSO)Cl]Cl∙CHCl3 (1) and [Pd2(µ-Cl)2(DTBTA)2]Cl2 (2) have been synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, MS spectrometry and the content of platinum and palladium was determined using a flame atomic spectrometer. Two different coordination modes of 1 and 2 complexes were found; in both complexes, the coordination of Pt(II) and Pd(II) ions involves the N(3) atoms of the ligand but the binuclear complex 2, is a cis-chloro-bridged palladium complex. Evaluation of their in vitro antitumor activity against two human tumor cell lines human breast cancer (MCF-7) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2); and their antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Kokuria rhizophila was performed. Only complex 1 showed a dose- and time-dependent cytotoxic activity against the two tumor cell lines, associated to apoptosis and accumulation of treated cells in G0/G1 phase of cell cycle, while both 1 and 2 exhibited antimicrobial activity with complex 1 much more potent. The study on intracellular uptake in both MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines revealed that only platinum of complex 1 is present inside the cells, suggesting a different mode of action of the two compounds. This was also in agreement with the results obtained for the antitumor and antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Rubino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze pad. 16, Parco d'Orleans, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Rosalia Busà
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze pad. 16, Parco d'Orleans, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Attanzio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze pad. 16, Parco d'Orleans, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Alduina
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze pad. 16, Parco d'Orleans, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Vita Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze pad. 16, Parco d'Orleans, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Girasolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze pad. 16, Parco d'Orleans, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze pad. 16, Parco d'Orleans, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Tesoriere
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze pad. 16, Parco d'Orleans, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Amorello D, Barreca S, Bruno M, Milia A, Orecchio S, Pettignano A. Chemical characterization of ancient liturgical vestment (chasuble) by Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP–OES). Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Orecchio S, Amorello D, Barreca S, Pettignano A. Speciation of vanadium in urban, industrial and volcanic soils by a modified Tessier method. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2016; 18:323-329. [PMID: 26780160 DOI: 10.1039/c5em00596e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium (V) concentrations in industrial, urban and volcanic soils were sequentially extracted using a modified Tessier's method. The voltammetric technique was used to determine V concentrations in solutions obtained from the various extraction steps. At the reference stations, the V concentrations (sum of four individual fractions) in soils ranged from 0.72 to 0.24 g kg(-1) dry weight (d.w.) with a mean value of 0.18 g kg(-1) d.w. V concentrations in soils of the Palermo urban area ranged from 0.34 to 2.1 g kg(-1) d.w., in the Milazzo (industrial) area between 0.26 and 5.4 g kg(-1) d.w. and in the volcanic area near Mt. Etna from 0.91 to 2.9 g kg(-1) d.w. When the V concentrations around Mt. Etna were compared with those obtained at the reference stations, it was confirmed that Mt. Etna is a continuous source of V. In all the samples analyzed, the majority of V (from 94 to 100%) was detected in the fourth fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Diana Amorello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Pettignano
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, I-90128, Palermo, Italy
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Orecchio S, Amorello D, Barreca S, Valenti A. Wood pellets for home heating can be considered environmentally friendly fuels? Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in their ashes. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
This preliminary study has mainly focused on the wax identification by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and removal. Wax is used for many purposes in the field of art as protective coatings on wooden, stone or metal objects. From the comparison of the spectra H NMR and in particular with the correspondence of the resonance peaks of the samples taken from the statue and beeswax and paraffin, we can conclude that the wax applied on the statue surface is beeswax. From our data, it can be concluded that, to remove the beeswax, from any stone support, the more effective solvent is the mixture of cyclohexane/ethyl acetate. The removal percentages ranged from 19 to 99%. Lower percentages of removal have been observed in the case of yellow marble, probably because of its high porosity. We can affirm that, this solvent mixture can be employed in real art objects using cotton swabs to remove protective wax.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- a Department STEBICEF , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Lorena Oddo
- a Department STEBICEF , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
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Abstract
Twenty-one almond samples from three different geographical origins (Sicily, Spain and California) were investigated by determining minerals and fatty acids compositions. Data were used to discriminate by chemometry almond origin by linear discriminant analysis. With respect to previous PCA profiling studies, this work provides a simpler analytical protocol for the identification of almonds geographical origin. Classification by using mineral contents data only was correct in 77% of the samples, while, by using fatty acid profiles, the percentages of samples correctly classified reached 82%. The coupling of mineral contents and fatty acid profiles lead to an increased efficiency of the classification with 87% of samples correctly classified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Amorello
- a Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Santino Orecchio
- a Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Andrea Pace
- a Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy.,b Istituto Euro Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia (IEMEST) , Palermo , Italy
| | - Salvatore Barreca
- a Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy.,b Istituto Euro Mediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia (IEMEST) , Palermo , Italy.,c Consorzio di Ricerca per lo Sviluppo di Sistemi Innovativi Agroambientali (CORISSIA) , Palermo , Italy
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Orecchio S, Bianchini F, Bonsignore R, Blandino P, Barreca S, Amorello D. Profiles and Sources of PAHs in Sediments from an Open-Pit Mining Area in the Peruvian Andes. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2015.1005242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Bonsignore
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pietro Blandino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Barreca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Diana Amorello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Orecchio S, Culotta L. Assessment of quality of air in Palermo by chemical (ICP-OES) and cytological analyses on leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015; 22:1891-1905. [PMID: 25226838 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we studied the influence of air pollution on the morpho-structural, biochemical and chemical composition of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves. Analyses were carried out on 22 samples collected in Palermo (Italy) area. Considering the mean concentrations (in unwashed leaves) of investigated metals, nutrient elements as Fe (214 mg kg(-1) dry weight (d.w.)), Mn (160 mg kg(-1) d.w.) and Zn (39 mg kg(-1) d.w.) were the most abundant, whereas Pb (5.6 mg kg(-1) d.w.) and Cd (0.072 mg kg(-1) d.w.) showed the lowest concentrations. The values of metal pollution index (MPI) ranged from 6.0 (station no. 15) to 25 (station no. 8) and from 4.0 (station no. 16) to 17 (stations no. 7 and no. 15) for unwashed and washed leaves, respectively. The station no. 8, located in an area interested by traffic mostly caused by the activities of university, showed the highest value of MPI. The station no. 15 (Industrial area) showed the lowest MPI value, which is similar to those determined in the reference stations. Considering that the station considered is located in a large and open area interested only by commercial activities and there are no production activities, this data is not surprising. In this study, the washing of the leaves with distilled water has caused a little reduction of metal concentrations. Microphotography reveals a correlation between zones of necrosis, modified cuticles and accumulations of acid phosphatases in the leaves collected in polluted areas. The diaphanized leaves from the more polluted areas show irregular areolas, several idioblasts both on the ribs and scattered in the mesophyll. With polarized light, we observe many crystal deposits near the ribs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128, Palermo, Italy,
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Giacalone A, Gianguzza A, Orecchio S, Piazzese D, Dongarrà G, Sciarrino S, Varrica D. Metals distribution in the organic and inorganic fractions of soil: a case study on soils from Sicily. Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability 2015. [DOI: 10.3184/095422905782774892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Orecchio S, Indelicato R, Barreca S. Determination of Selected Phthalates by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Personal Perfumes. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2015; 78:1008-1018. [PMID: 26262443 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1021433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A simple and fast method is proposed to analyze commercial personal perfumes. Our method includes measurement of phthalates, known to be major sources of endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDC), which originate from the less volatile fraction of perfumes. The quantification of phthalates were carried out directly with no sample preparation required on 30 samples of commercial products using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as a detector. The total concentrations of 15 investigated compounds ranged from 17 to 9650 mg/L with an average of 2643 mg/L. The highest total concentration was found in cologne. Diethyl phthalate (DEP), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) were detected in appreciable concentrations. Further, it was found that the composition of counterfeit samples varied widely from that of authentic products. The composition of old products was different from that of recent perfumes, which contain less harmful chemicals, attributed to the ban on some phthalates in Europe due their toxicity. It should be noted that older and contaminated products are not equivalent to authentic products when considering quality, safety, and probably effectiveness. Older and nonapproved perfumes contain chemicals that are not allowed for commercial use and may contain toxic impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- a Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche , Università di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
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Barreca S, Bastone S, Caponetti E, Martino DFC, Orecchio S. Determination of selected polyaromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for the analysis of wood to establish the cause of sinking of an old vessel (Scauri wreck) by fire. Microchem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Rubino S, Di Stefano V, Attanzio A, Tesoriere L, Girasolo M, Nicolò F, Bruno G, Orecchio S, Stocco G. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and antiproliferative activity of two platinum(II) complexes containing N-donor heterocycles. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Bergamasco A, Culotta L, De Stefano C, Orecchio S, Sammartano S, Barreca S. Composition, Distribution, and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments of the Gulf of Milazzo (Mediterranean Sea, Italy). Polycycl Aromat Compd 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2014.900642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Barreca S, Mazzola A, Orecchio S, Tuzzolino N. Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Sediments from Sicilian Coastal Area (Scoglitti) using Automated Soxhlet, GC-MS, and Principal Component Analysis. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2014.886078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Orecchio S, Indelicato R, Barreca S. Determination of selected phthalates by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in mural paintings from Palermo (Italy). Microchem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Barreca S, Indelicato R, Orecchio S, Pace A. Photodegradation of selected phthalates on mural painting surfaces under UV light irradiation. Microchem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Buscemi R, Giacalone F, Orecchio S, Gruttadauria M. Cross-Linked Imidazolium Salts as Scavengers for Palladium. Chempluschem 2014; 79:421-426. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Orecchio S, Indelicato R, Barreca S. The distribution of phthalate esters in indoor dust of Palermo (Italy). Environ Geochem Health 2013; 35:613-24. [PMID: 23807633 PMCID: PMC3751272 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-013-9544-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, phthalic acid esters (PAEs): dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate, benzyl butyl phthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and di-n-octyl phthalate in indoor dust (used as passive sampler) were investigated. The settled dust samples were collected from thirteen indoor environments from Palermo city. A fast and simple method using Soxhlet and GC-MS analysis has been optimized to identify and quantify the phthalates. Total phthalates concentrations in indoor dusts ranged from 269 to 4,831 mg/kg d.w. (d.w. = dry weight). The data show a linear correlation between total PAEs concentration and a single compound content, with the exclusion of the two most volatile components (DMP and DEP) that are present in appreciable amounts only in two samples. These results suggest that most of the PAEs identified in the samples of settled dust originate from the same type of material. This evidence indicates that, in a specific indoor environment, generally is not present only one compound but a mixture having over time comparable percentages of PAEs. Consequently, for routine analyses of a specific indoor environment, only a smaller number of compounds could be determined to value the contamination of that environment. We also note differences in phthalate concentrations between buildings from different construction periods; the total concentration of PAEs was higher in ancient homes compared to those constructed later. This is due to a trend to reduce or remove certain hazardous compounds from building materials and consumer goods. A linear correlation between total PAEs concentration and age of the building was observed (R = 0.71).
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche, Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Parco Orleans II, Palermo, Italy.
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Frenna S, Mazzola A, Orecchio S, Tuzzolino N. Comparison of different methods for extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from Sicilian (Italy) coastal area sediments. Environ Monit Assess 2013; 185:5551-62. [PMID: 23096137 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-012-2966-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a work aimed at improving the conditions of an extraction method, coupling GC-MS determination, for the analysis without cleanup phase, of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from sediment samples. The automatic Soxhlet extraction in warm mode (using Extraction System B-811 Standard, Büchi) has demonstrated advantages for automation, reduced extraction time, and lower solvent use than for conventional Soxhlet extraction. Under these conditions, the recoveries are very good as they resulted greater than 85% and, in most of the cases, near 100%. The repeatability is also satisfactory (relative standard deviation less than 15%). The detection limits are also acceptable and ranged from 0.001 to0.01 μg/kg dry weight. Fifty-four sediment samples were collected. The total concentration of the 17 compounds investigated, in samples of sediments collected from three Sicilian coastal areas, expressed as the sum of concentrations, varies from 99 to 11,557 μg/kg of dry matrix; concentrations of total PAHs in the sediments of Cala are two to three times higher than the other stations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Frenna
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare (DiSTeM), Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 22, 90123, Palermo, Italy
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Orecchio S, Amorello D, Carollo C. Voltammetric determination of platinum in perfusate and blood: Preliminary data on pharmacokinetic study of arterial infusion with oxaliplatin. Microchem J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Rubino S, Portanova P, Giammalva F, Girasolo M, Orecchio S, Calvaruso G, Stocco G. Synthesis, structural characterisation and biological studies of new mononuclear platinum(II) complexes with sterically hindered heterocyclic ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2011.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mannino MR, Orecchio S. Chemical characterization of ancient potteries from Himera and Pestavecchia necropolis (Sicily, Italy) by Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP–OES). Microchem J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2010.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Orecchio S, Cannata S, Culotta L. How building an underwater pipeline connecting Libya to Sicilian coast is affecting environment: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments; monitoring the evolution of the shore approach area of the Gulf of Gela (Italy). J Hazard Mater 2010; 181:647-658. [PMID: 20541320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the variation of concentrations and distribution of PAHs in the sediments of the Gela coastal area (Italy) caused by the construction of an underwater pipeline connecting Libya to Sicilian coast. The receiving terminal of offshore pipeline, crossing the Mediterranean Sea, 516 Km long, up to 1127 meters deep, is located in Gela (Sicily, Italy). No bibliographic data regarding hydrocarbons are available for this area. In this paper we report the results of analysis on the water and organic along PAHs.The total concentrations of 16 PAHs in the sediments, analyzed during five surveys, ranged from 2.4 to 434 microg/kg of dry weight. The highest concentrations of total PAHs were found in sediments during the monitoring campaign immediately following the laying of the pipeline. A progressive decrease during the subsequent surveys was observed: The found concentrations was in the direction of restoring the initial situation. Highest levels of PAHs concentration have been often observed in sample stations endowed with highest organic matter content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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Orecchio S. Contamination from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil of a botanic garden localized next to a former manufacturing gas plant in Palermo (Italy). J Hazard Mater 2010; 180:590-601. [PMID: 20457488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Revised: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 04/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The Botanical Garden lies within the city of Palermo, a few meters away from one of the largest unused Manufacturing Gas Plant in Sicily. The total concentrations of PAHs (23 compounds) in the soil of Botanical Garden ranged from 947 to 18,072 microg/kg. The wide range of PAH concentrations (RSD=84%) found in the soil samples indicates heterogeneous levels of contamination in the area and this can be explained by considering the different tree distributions which prevents the homogeneous deposition of pollutants on the soil. Soils collected in the Botanical Garden generally showed the highest PAH concentrations, being almost 2-3 times higher than the concentration samples obtained in the urban reference sites and about 20 times higher than those in the rural stations. The total PAH concentrations, in the Botanical Garden soil, resulted higher than the maximum concentrations allowed by the Italian legislation for the green areas. Perylene, was found in all the stations. From a careful study of the isomeric ratios, we can hypothesize that the soils of the Botanical Garden are mainly affected by localized MGP particulate deposition, suggesting that the partitioning between organic matter and PAHs is not the dominant process in the soils with higher organic matter content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy.
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Orecchio S, Mannino MR. Chemical speciation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments: partitioning and extraction of humic substances. Mar Pollut Bull 2010; 60:1175-1181. [PMID: 20472256 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to examine the chemical speciation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) found in sediments endowed with different characteristics. To achieve this purpose and because the nature of the sediments influences the distribution of PAHs, we have analyzed four different types of sediments. To study the role of organic matter in the sequestration of PAHs, we fractionated humic substances into humic acids and humin-mineral fractions. After their separation and purification, the humic components were examined for their sorptive reactivity by extracting them with organic solvents; these extracts were subsequently subjected to GC/MS analysis. Our results show that PAHs are distributed between labile and sequestered fractions in sediments. A slower uptake of PAHs occurs when the sequestered fraction is formed, and this process can be prolonged and may be influenced by the characteristics if the sediment. Our study suggests that organic contaminants are available in muddy sediments for a longer period of time than in sandy sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica S. Cannizzaro, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, pad. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Orecchio S. Analytical method, pattern and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the stone of the Temples of Agrigento (Italy). J Hazard Mater 2010; 176:339-347. [PMID: 19954886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2009] [Revised: 11/04/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study shows the extraction and analytical conditions for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the stone of archaeological and historical interest. The aim of this research was to determine the concentrations, distribution and the main sources of PAHs present in the surface layer of stone of the Temples of Agrigento. Together with PAHs, we analyzed sulphates and nitrates since it has been demonstrated that these are very destructive salts that play an important role in the deterioration of stones. Total PAHs at different sites of the Valley of Temples at Agrigento varied from 18 to 84 microg/kg. Analyses were performed by GC-MS. The relative abundance of molecular weight PAHs, together with the PAHs compound ratios and supported by the total index (by us proposed), demonstrate that the most samples in Hellenistic Agrigento historical buildings owe their PAHs to a predominant single mode of origin, i.e. anthropogenic combustion processes. The same origin of PAHs pollution was confirmed by the good correlations existing between total PAHs concentrations and the content of sulphates and nitrates of the analyzed samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica e Analitica-Università di Palermo, Parco d'Orleans 2, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Orecchio S, Amorello D. Platinum and rhodium associated with the leaves of Nerium oleander L.; analytical method using voltammetry; assessment of air quality in the Palermo (Italy) area. J Hazard Mater 2010; 174:720-7. [PMID: 19846253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.09.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A rapid accumulation of the catalytic active noble metals in the environmental and biological matrices was observed and concern arose about potential environmental and health risks. The development of reliable analytic methods to measure very low Pt and Rh concentrations is required. The main purpose of this work was to develop a reliable method for the determination of Pt and Rh in environmental matrices because of inherent difficulties in using conventional techniques used, in particular, the ICP-OES technique. A direct determination of Pt using ICP-MS, for instance, is problematic, due to interfering signals. In this work, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV/a) and adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) were used for the determination of Pt and Rh in Nerium oleander leaves. Pt and Rh concentrations were found in the ranges 0.33-25 and 0.40-4.6 microg/kg d.w., respectively. We carried out linear regression analysis between total PAH concentrations in leaves of oleander and of Quercus ilex measured in previous researches and the data obtained in this work. The high correlation coefficients were obtained; which demonstrates that oleander leaves can be used to establish the presence and the distribution of pollutants in a chosen area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Palermo, S Cannizzaro Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans 2, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Orecchio S. Assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil of a Natural Reserve (Isola delle Femmine) (Italy) located in front of a plant for the production of cement. J Hazard Mater 2010; 173:358-68. [PMID: 19765897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Revised: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 08/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Isola delle Femmine Natural Reserve is a very little isle about 15 km from the centre of Palermo, in front of a plant for the production of cement and about 600 m from coast. In the present research, profiles soil PAHs were obtained for 16 sites within the reserve and for 8 stations on the rural soil taken as reference. summation Sigma PAHs, in the soil of investigated area, ranged from 35 to 545 microg/kg. With the aim to find the origin of PAHs in the soil of Isola delle Femmine, we compare the distribution of single analytes in the investigated area with those of the reference rural area (Monte Raffo Rosso), with those of atmospheric urban particulate collected at Palermo along with reported of emissions of some cement plants. The island's investigated area showed a high amount of 4- and 5-rings PAHs, whereas 3-ring PAHs are present mainly in the emission of cement plants (from literature). The percentage of 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-rings PAHs determined in samples of Isola delle Femmine are similar to those of the reference rural soils and to those of urban atmospheric particulate. Cement plant activity has a negligible weight on the presence of PAHs in the soil of Isola delle Femmine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica e Analitica, Università di Palermo, Parco d'Orleans 2, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Orecchio S, Papuzza V. Levels, fingerprint and daily intake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in bread baked using wood as fuel. J Hazard Mater 2009; 164:876-883. [PMID: 18842340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2008] [Revised: 07/21/2008] [Accepted: 08/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations, fingerprint and daily intake of 16 PAHs in 15 bread samples baked using wood as fuel are examined in this work. Analysis was performed by GC/MS after saponification of the samples and clean up of the extract. The total concentration of the 16 analytes varies from 6 to 230 microg/kg on dry weight (d.w.). The better extraction procedure was estimated by analyzing test-samples and using different extraction methods. Additionally, for every analyzed sample, the extraction yield has been determined by the use of surrogate standards. Extraction yields were never less than 77% and in most cases almost 100%. The profiles of PAHs (percentage) are similar for all the analyzed samples but are different from those reported when other types of fuels are taken in consideration. The daily intake of PAHs was found to range between 1.6 and 68 microg day(-1), while the intake of B[a]P ranges from 0.33 to 8.0 microg day(-1). These results are considerably lower than the slope factor for 14 of the 15 analyzed samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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Rubino S, Portanova P, Girasolo A, Calvaruso G, Orecchio S, Stocco G. Synthetic, structural and biochemical studies of polynuclear platinum(II) complexes with heterocyclic ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2009; 44:1041-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2008] [Revised: 05/27/2008] [Accepted: 06/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Orecchio S, Gianguzza A, Culotta L. Absorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Pinus bark: analytical method and use for environmental pollution monitoring in the Palermo area (Sicily, Italy). Environ Res 2008; 107:371-9. [PMID: 18417111 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2008.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Revised: 02/20/2008] [Accepted: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the light of using biomaterial as pollutants sorbents for the environmental biomonitoring, we report here the results of the absorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by pine bark. Quantitative analysis of 19 different polycyclic aromatic compounds was performed, after Soxhlet extraction in dichloromethane, by means GC-MS technique. Pinus was chosen due to its wide distribution in the Mediterranean area. The passive absorption of PAH by pine bark in the metropolitan areas allowed us to evaluate the air quality of Palermo. The obtained results showed a very high range of PAHs concentrations, from 33 microg/kg (bark dry weight), as SigmaPAHs, at the control site to 1015 microg/kg along a road with high traffic flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santino Orecchio
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica e Analitica, Università di Palermo, Parco d'Orleans 2, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Rubino S, Portanova P, Albanese A, Calvaruso G, Orecchio S, Fontana G, Stocco GC. Mono- and polynuclear complexes of Pt(II) with polypyridyl ligandsSynthesis, spectroscopic and structural characterization and cytotoxic activity. J Inorg Biochem 2007; 101:1473-82. [PMID: 17669500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Revised: 06/13/2007] [Accepted: 06/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An array of poly- and mononuclear complexes of Pt(II) with polypyridyl ligands is reported. The framework complexes [(PtCl(2))(2)(bpp)(2)(micro-PtCl(2))](H(2)O)(2) [bpp=2,3-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine], [PtCl(2)(micro-tptz)PtClNCPh]Cl [tptz=2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine], and mononuclear PtCl(2)(NH(2)dpt) [NH(2)dpt=4-amino-3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole] have been prepared and structurally characterized. Both neutral and ionic complexes are present, with bifunctional and monofunctional Pt(II) moieties, whose size and shape enable them to behave as novel scaffolds for DNA binding. Pt(II) complexes were tested for their biological activity. Cell viability assay and flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that these complexes, particularly [PtCl(2)(micro-tptz)PtClNCPh]Cl, were effective death inducers in human colon rectal carcinoma HT29 cells and their cytotoxic activity was higher than that exerted by cisplatin. Morphological analysis of treated HT29 cells, performed by fluorescence microscopy after Hoechst 33258 staining, showed the appearance of the typical features of apoptosis. Moreover, our results suggested that mitochondria are involved in apoptosis induced by Pt(II) complexes in HT29 cells as demonstrated by dissipation of mitochondrial transmembrane potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rubino
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica S. Cannizzaro, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d'Orleans, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Culotta L, Gianguzza A, Mannino MR, Orecchio S. POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAH) IN VULCANO ISLAND (AEOLIAN ARCHIPELAGO) MUD UTILIZED FOR THERAPEUTIC PURPOSE. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10406630701476023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gianguzza
- a Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica e Analitica , Universitá di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Santino Orecchio
- a Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica e Analitica , Universitá di Palermo , Palermo , Italy
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Culotta L, Gianguzza A, Orecchio S. LEAVES OFNERIUM OLEANDERL. AS BIOACCUMULATORS OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAH) IN THE AIR OF PALERMO (ITALY): EXTRACTION AND GC-MS ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTION AND SOURCES. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/10406630500227262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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De Stefano C, Gianguzza A, Giuffrè O, Piazzese D, Orecchio S, Sammartano S. Speciation of organotin compounds in NaCl aqueous solution: interaction of mono-, di- and tri-organotin(IV) cations with nucleotide 5′ monophosphates. Appl Organomet Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Melati MR, Alaimo MG, Orecchio S, De Vita F. Stress-induced cytological and chemical adaptations inCupressusplants from an urban area of Palermo (Italy). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2004.10515429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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