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Yuan L, Ma X, Yang Y, Qu Y, Li X, Zhu X, Ma W, Duan J, Xue J, Yang H, Huang JW, Yi S, Zhang M, Cai N, Zhang L, Ding Q, Lai K, Liu C, Zhang L, Liu X, Yao Y, Zhou S, Li X, Shen P, Chang Q, Malwal SR, He Y, Li W, Chen C, Chen CC, Oldfield E, Guo RT, Zhang Y. Phosphoantigens glue butyrophilin 3A1 and 2A1 to activate Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Nature 2023; 621:840-848. [PMID: 37674084 PMCID: PMC10533412 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06525-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
In both cancer and infections, diseased cells are presented to human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells through an 'inside out' signalling process whereby structurally diverse phosphoantigen (pAg) molecules are sensed by the intracellular domain of butyrophilin BTN3A11-4. Here we show how-in both humans and alpaca-multiple pAgs function as 'molecular glues' to promote heteromeric association between the intracellular domains of BTN3A1 and the structurally similar butyrophilin BTN2A1. X-ray crystallography studies visualized that engagement of BTN3A1 with pAgs forms a composite interface for direct binding to BTN2A1, with various pAg molecules each positioned at the centre of the interface and gluing the butyrophilins with distinct affinities. Our structural insights guided mutagenesis experiments that led to disruption of the intracellular BTN3A1-BTN2A1 association, abolishing pAg-mediated Vγ9Vδ2 T cell activation. Analyses using structure-based molecular-dynamics simulations, 19F-NMR investigations, chimeric receptor engineering and direct measurement of intercellular binding force revealed how pAg-mediated BTN2A1 association drives BTN3A1 intracellular fluctuations outwards in a thermodynamically favourable manner, thereby enabling BTN3A1 to push off from the BTN2A1 ectodomain to initiate T cell receptor-mediated γδ T cell activation. Practically, we harnessed the molecular-glue model for immunotherapeutics design, demonstrating chemical principles for developing both small-molecule activators and inhibitors of human γδ T cell function.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Humans
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Butyrophilins/immunology
- Butyrophilins/metabolism
- Camelids, New World/immunology
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation
- Phosphoproteins/immunology
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
- Thermodynamics
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Yuan
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianqiang Ma
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunyun Yang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingying Qu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Weiwei Ma
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jing Xue
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haoyu Yang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Wen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Simin Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ningning Cai
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyang Ding
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kecheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lilan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yirong Yao
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqi Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Panpan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Technology Center for Protein Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Satish R Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yuan He
- Research Beyond Borders, Boehringer Ingelheim (China), Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Technology Center for Protein Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlai Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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2
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Malwal SR, Mazurek B, Ko J, Xie P, Barnes C, Varvitsiotis C, Zimmerman MD, Olatunji S, Lee J, Xie M, Sarathy J, Caffrey M, Strynadka NCJ, Dartois V, Dick T, Lee BNR, Russell DG, Oldfield E. Investigation into the Mechanism of Action of the Tuberculosis Drug Candidate SQ109 and Its Metabolites and Analogues in Mycobacteria. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37235809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We tested a series of SQ109 analogues against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. smegmatis, in addition to determining their uncoupling activity. We then investigated potential protein targets, involved in quinone and cell wall biosynthesis, using "rescue" experiments. There was little effect of menaquinone on growth inhibition by SQ109, but there were large increases in the IC50 of SQ109 and its analogues (up to 20×) on addition of undecaprenyl phosphate (Up), a homologue of the mycobacterial decaprenyl (C50) diphosphate. Inhibition of an undecaprenyl diphosphate phosphatase, an ortholog of the mycobacterial phosphatase, correlated with cell growth inhibition, and we found that M. smegmatis cell growth inhibition could be well predicted by using uncoupler and Up-rescue results. We also investigated whether SQ109 was metabolized inside Mycobacterium tuberculosis, finding only a single metabolite, previously shown to be inactive. The results are of general interest since they help explain the mechanism of SQ109 in mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish R Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ben Mazurek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jihee Ko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Pujun Xie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Chikako Barnes
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Christine Varvitsiotis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Matthew D Zimmerman
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Samir Olatunji
- Schools of Medicine and Biochemistry & Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Jaeyong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Min Xie
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Jansy Sarathy
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Martin Caffrey
- Schools of Medicine and Biochemistry & Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Natalie C J Strynadka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Véronique Dartois
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Thomas Dick
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20007, United States
| | - Bom Nae Rin Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - David G Russell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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3
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Stampolaki M, Malwal SR, Alvarez-Cabrera N, Gao Z, Moniruzzaman M, Babii SO, Naziris N, Rey-Cibati A, Valladares-Delgado M, Turcu AL, Baek KH, Phan TN, Lee H, Alcaraz M, Watson S, van der Watt M, Coertzen D, Efstathiou N, Chountoulesi M, Shoen CM, Papanastasiou IP, Brea J, Cynamon MH, Birkholtz LM, Kremer L, No JH, Vázquez S, Benaim G, Demetzos C, Zgurskaya HI, Dick T, Oldfield E, D. Kolocouris A. Synthesis and Testing of Analogs of the Tuberculosis Drug Candidate SQ109 against Bacteria and Protozoa: Identification of Lead Compounds against Mycobacterium abscessus and Malaria Parasites. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:342-364. [PMID: 36706233 PMCID: PMC10615177 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
SQ109 is a tuberculosis drug candidate that has high potency against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is thought to function at least in part by blocking cell wall biosynthesis by inhibiting the MmpL3 transporter. It also has activity against bacteria and protozoan parasites that lack MmpL3, where it can act as an uncoupler, targeting lipid membranes and Ca2+ homeostasis. Here, we synthesized 18 analogs of SQ109 and tested them against M. smegmatis, M. tuberculosis, M. abscessus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli, as well as against the protozoan parasites Trypanosoma brucei, T. cruzi, Leishmania donovani, L. mexicana, and Plasmodium falciparum. Activity against the mycobacteria was generally less than with SQ109 and was reduced by increasing the size of the alkyl adduct, but two analogs were ∼4-8-fold more active than SQ109 against M. abscessus, including a highly drug-resistant strain harboring an A309P mutation in MmpL3. There was also better activity than found with SQ109 with other bacteria and protozoa. Of particular interest, we found that the adamantyl C-2 ethyl, butyl, phenyl, and benzyl analogs had 4-10× increased activity against P. falciparum asexual blood stages, together with low toxicity to a human HepG2 cell line, making them of interest as new antimalarial drug leads. We also used surface plasmon resonance to investigate the binding of inhibitors to MmpL3 and differential scanning calorimetry to investigate binding to lipid membranes. There was no correlation between MmpL3 binding and M. tuberculosis or M. smegmatis cell activity, suggesting that MmpL3 is not a major target in mycobacteria. However, some of the more active species decreased lipid phase transition temperatures, indicating increased accumulation in membranes, which is expected to lead to enhanced uncoupler activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Stampolaki
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | | | - Zijun Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Mohammad Moniruzzaman
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019-5251, USA
| | - Svitlana O. Babii
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019-5251, USA
| | - Nikolaos Naziris
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - André Rey-Cibati
- Instituto de Estudios Avanzados, Caracas, Venezuela Instituto de Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Mariana Valladares-Delgado
- Instituto de Estudios Avanzados, Caracas, Venezuela Instituto de Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Andreea L. Turcu
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Barcelona, E-08028, Spain
| | - Kyung-Hwa Baek
- Host-Parasite Research Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Trong-Nhat Phan
- Host-Parasite Research Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeryon Lee
- Host-Parasite Research Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Mattheo Alcaraz
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, CNRS UMR9004, Université de Montpellier, 1919 route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Savannah Watson
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Mariette van der Watt
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Dina Coertzen
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Natasa Efstathiou
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Maria Chountoulesi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Carolyn M. Shoen
- Central New York Research Corporation, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Syracuse, NY 13210, U
| | - Ioannis P. Papanastasiou
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Jose Brea
- Drug Screening Platform/Biofarma Research Group, CIMUS Research Center, Departamento de Farmacoloxía, Farmacia e Tecnoloxía Farmacéutica, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Michael H. Cynamon
- Central New York Research Corporation, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Syracuse, NY 13210, U
| | - Lyn-Marié Birkholtz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Laurent Kremer
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, CNRS UMR9004, Université de Montpellier, 1919 route de Mende, 34293, Montpellier, France
- INSERM, IRIM, Montpellier, France
| | - Joo Hwan No
- Host-Parasite Research Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Santiago Vázquez
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, Barcelona, E-08028, Spain
| | - Gustavo Benaim
- Instituto de Estudios Avanzados, Caracas, Venezuela Instituto de Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Costas Demetzos
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Helen I. Zgurskaya
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019-5251, USA
| | - Thomas Dick
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Antonios D. Kolocouris
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis-Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
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4
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Sleda MA, Li ZH, Behera R, Baierna B, Li C, Jumpathong J, Malwal SR, Kawamukai M, Oldfield E, Moreno SNJ. The Heptaprenyl Diphosphate Synthase (Coq1) Is the Target of a Lipophilic Bisphosphonate That Protects Mice against Toxoplasma gondii Infection. mBio 2022; 13:e0196622. [PMID: 36129297 PMCID: PMC9600589 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01966-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenyldiphosphate synthases catalyze the reaction of allylic diphosphates with one or more isopentenyl diphosphate molecules to form compounds such as farnesyl diphosphate, used in, e.g., sterol biosynthesis and protein prenylation, as well as longer "polyprenyl" diphosphates, used in ubiquinone and menaquinone biosynthesis. Quinones play an essential role in electron transport and are associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane due to the presence of the polyprenyl group. In this work, we investigated the synthesis of the polyprenyl diphosphate that alkylates the ubiquinone ring precursor in Toxoplasma gondii, an opportunistic pathogen that causes serious disease in immunocompromised patients and the unborn fetus. The enzyme that catalyzes this early step of the ubiquinone synthesis is Coq1 (TgCoq1), and we show that it produces the C35 species heptaprenyl diphosphate. TgCoq1 localizes to the mitochondrion and is essential for in vitro T. gondii growth. We demonstrate that the growth defect of a T. gondii TgCoq1 mutant is rescued by complementation with a homologous TgCoq1 gene or with a (C45) solanesyl diphosphate synthase from Trypanosoma cruzi (TcSPPS). We find that a lipophilic bisphosphonate (BPH-1218) inhibits T. gondii growth at low-nanomolar concentrations, while overexpression of the TgCoq1 enzyme dramatically reduced growth inhibition by the bisphosphonate. Both the severe growth defect of the mutant and the inhibition by BPH-1218 were rescued by supplementation with a long-chain (C30) ubiquinone (UQ6). Importantly, BPH-1218 also protected mice against a lethal T. gondii infection. TgCoq1 thus represents a potential drug target that could be exploited for improved chemotherapy of toxoplasmosis. IMPORTANCE Millions of people are infected with Toxoplasma gondii, and the available treatment for toxoplasmosis is not ideal. Most of the drugs currently used are only effective for the acute infection, and treatment can trigger serious side effects requiring changes in the therapeutic approach. There is, therefore, a compelling need for safe and effective treatments for toxoplasmosis. In this work, we characterize an enzyme of the mitochondrion of T. gondii that can be inhibited by an isoprenoid pathway inhibitor. We present evidence that demonstrates that inhibition of the enzyme is linked to parasite death. In addition, the inhibitor can protect mice against a lethal dose of T. gondii. Our results thus reveal a promising chemotherapeutic target for the development of new medicines for toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Sleda
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Zhu-Hong Li
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Ranjan Behera
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Baihetiya Baierna
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Catherine Li
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jomkwan Jumpathong
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Makoto Kawamukai
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Silvia N. J. Moreno
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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5
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Baek KH, Phan TN, Malwal SR, Lee H, Li ZH, Moreno SNJ, Oldfield E, No JH. In Vivo Efficacy of SQ109 against Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma spp. and Toxoplasma gondii and In Vitro Activity of SQ109 Metabolites. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030670. [PMID: 35327472 PMCID: PMC8944987 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SQ109 is an anti-tubercular drug candidate that has completed Phase IIb/III clinical trials for tuberculosis and has also been shown to exhibit potent in vitro efficacy against protozoan parasites including Leishmania and Trypanosoma cruzi spp. However, its in vivo efficacy against protozoa has not been reported. Here, we evaluated the activity of SQ109 in mouse models of Leishmania, Trypanosoma spp. as well as Toxoplasma infection. In the T. cruzi mouse model, 80% of SQ109-treated mice survived at 40 days post-infection. Even though SQ109 did not cure all mice, these results are of interest since they provide a basis for future testing of combination therapies with the azole posaconazole, which acts synergistically with SQ109 in vitro. We also found that SQ109 inhibited the growth of Toxoplasma gondii in vitro with an IC50 of 1.82 µM and there was an 80% survival in mice treated with SQ109, whereas all untreated animals died 10 days post-infection. Results with Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania donovani infected mice were not promising with only moderate efficacy. Since SQ109 is known to be extensively metabolized in animals, we investigated the activity in vitro of SQ109 metabolites. Among 16 metabolites, six mono-oxygenated forms were found active across the tested protozoan parasites, and there was a ~6× average decrease in activity of the metabolites as compared to SQ109 which is smaller than the ~25× found with mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hwa Baek
- Host-Parasite Research Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea; (K.-H.B.); (T.-N.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Trong-Nhat Phan
- Host-Parasite Research Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea; (K.-H.B.); (T.-N.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (S.R.M.); (E.O.)
| | - Hyeryon Lee
- Host-Parasite Research Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea; (K.-H.B.); (T.-N.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Zhu-Hong Li
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (Z.-H.L.); (S.N.J.M.)
| | - Silvia N. J. Moreno
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (Z.-H.L.); (S.N.J.M.)
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (S.R.M.); (E.O.)
| | - Joo Hwan No
- Host-Parasite Research Laboratory, Institut Pasteur Korea, Seongnam-si 13488, Korea; (K.-H.B.); (T.-N.P.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence:
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6
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Malwal SR, Oldfield E. Mycobacterial membrane protein Large 3-like-family proteins in bacteria, protozoa, fungi, plants, and animals: A bioinformatics and structural investigation. Proteins 2021; 90:776-790. [PMID: 34739144 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Lipid transporters play an important role in most if not all organisms, ranging from bacteria to humans. For example, in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the trehalose monomycolate transporter MmpL3 is involved in cell wall biosynthesis, while in humans, cholesterol transporters are involved in normal cell function as well as in disease. Here, using structural and bioinformatics information, we propose that there are proteins that also contain "MmpL3-like" (MMPL) transmembrane (TM) domains in many protozoa, including Trypanosoma cruzi, as well as in the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, where the fatty acid transporter FarE has the same set of "active-site" residues as those found in the mycobacterial MmpL3s, and in T. cruzi. We also show that there are strong sequence and predicted structural similarities between the TM proton-translocation domain seen in the X-ray structures of mycobacterial MmpL3s and several human as well as fungal lipid transporters, leading to the proposal that there are similar proteins in apicomplexan parasites, and in plants. The animal, fungal, apicomplexan, and plant proteins have larger extra-membrane domains than are found in the bacterial MmpL3, but they have a similar TM domain architecture, with the introduction of a (catalytically essential) Phe > His residue change, and a Ser/Thr H-bond network, involved in H+ -transport. Overall, the results are of interest since they show that MMPL-family proteins are present in essentially all life forms: archaea, bacteria, protozoa, fungi, plants and animals and, where known, they are involved in "lipid" (glycolipid, phospholipid, sphingolipid, fatty acid, cholesterol, ergosterol) transport, powered by transmembrane molecular pumps having similar structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish R Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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7
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Malwal SR, Zimmerman MD, Alvarez N, Sarathy JP, Dartois V, Nacy CA, Oldfield E. Structure, In Vivo Detection, and Antibacterial Activity of Metabolites of SQ109, an Anti-Infective Drug Candidate. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2492-2507. [PMID: 34279904 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
SQ109 is a drug candidate for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). It is thought to target primarily the protein MmpL3 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but it also inhibits the growth of some other bacteria. SQ109 is metabolized by the liver, and it has been proposed that some of its metabolites might be responsible for its activity against TB. Here, we synthesized six potential P450 metabolites of SQ109 and used these as well as 10 other likely metabolites as standards in a mass spectrometry study of M. tuberculosis-infected rabbits treated with SQ109, in addition to testing all 16 putative metabolites for antibacterial activity. We found that there were just two major metabolites in lung tissue: a hydroxy-adamantyl analog of SQ109 and N'-adamantylethylenediamine. Neither of these, or the other potential metabolites tested, inhibited the growth of M. tuberculosis or of M. smegmatis, Bacillus subtilis, or E. coli, making it unlikely that an SQ109 metabolite contributes to its antibacterial activity. In the rabbit TB model, it is thus the gradual accumulation of nonmetabolized SQ109 in tissues to therapeutic levels that leads to good efficacy. Our results also provide new insights into how SQ109 binds to its target MmpL3, based on our mass spectroscopy results which indicate that the charge in SQ109 is primarily localized on the geranyl nitrogen, explaining the very short distance to a key Asp found in the X-ray structure of SQ109 bound to MmpL3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Matthew D. Zimmerman
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Nadine Alvarez
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Jansy P. Sarathy
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Véronique Dartois
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
- Hackensack School of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, 123, Metro Boulevard, Nutley, New Jersey 07110, United States
| | - Carol A. Nacy
- Sequella, Inc., 9610 Medical Center Drive, Suite 200, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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8
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Chen CC, Malwal SR, Han X, Liu W, Ma L, Zhai C, Dai L, Huang JW, Shillo A, Desai J, Ma X, Zhang Y, Guo RT, Oldfield E. Terpene Cyclases and Prenyltransferases: Structures and Mechanisms of Action. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xu Han
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Lixin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Chao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Longhai Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Jian-Wen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Alli Shillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Janish Desai
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xianqiang Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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9
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Song J, Malwal SR, Baig N, Schurig-Briccio LA, Gao Z, Vaidya GS, Yang K, Abutaleb NS, Seleem MN, Gennis RB, Pogorelov TV, Oldfield E, Feng X. Discovery of Prenyltransferase Inhibitors with In Vitro and In Vivo Antibacterial Activity. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:2979-2993. [PMID: 33085463 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cis-prenyltransferases such as undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase (UPPS) and decaprenyl diphosphate synthase (DPPS) are essential enzymes in bacteria and are involved in cell wall biosynthesis. UPPS and DPPS are absent in the human genome, so they are of interest as targets for antibiotic development. Here, we screened a library of 750 compounds from National Cancer Institute Diversity Set V for the inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DPPS and found 17 hits, and then IC50s were determined using dose-response curves. Compounds were tested for growth inhibition against a panel of bacteria, for in vivo activity in a Staphylococcus aureus/Caenorhabditis elegans model, and for mammalian cell toxicity. The most active DPPS inhibitor was the dicarboxylic acid redoxal (compound 10), which also inhibited undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase (UPPS) as well as farnesyl diphosphate synthase. 10 was active against S. aureus, Clostridiodes difficile, Bacillus anthracis Sterne, and Bacillus subtilis, and there was a 3.4-fold increase in IC50 on addition of a rescue agent, undecaprenyl monophosphate. We found that 10 was also a weak protonophore uncoupler, leading to the idea that it targets both isoprenoid biosynthesis and the proton motive force. In an S. aureus/C. elegans in vivo model, 10 reduced the S. aureus burden 3 times more effectively than did ampicillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Song
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, and Department of Chemistry, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kailing Yang
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, and Department of Chemistry, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Nader S. Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mohamed N. Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | | | | | | | - Xinxin Feng
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, and Department of Chemistry, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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10
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Abstract
Pandemics such as influenza, smallpox, and plague have caused the loss of hundreds of millions of lives and have occurred for many centuries. Fortunately, they have been largely eliminated by the use of vaccinations and drugs. More recently, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and now Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have arisen, and given the current absence of highly effective approved vaccines or drugs, brute-force approaches involving physical barriers are being used to counter virus spread. A major basis for physical protection from respiratory infections is eye, nose, and mouth protection. However, eye protection with goggles is problematic due to "fogging", while nose/mouth protection is complicated by the breathing difficulties associated with non-valved respirators. Here, we give a brief review of the origins and development of face masks and eye protection to counter respiratory infections on the basis of experiments conducted 100 years ago, work that was presaged by the first use of personal protective equipment, "PPE", by the plague doctors of the 17th Century. The results of the review lead to two conclusions: first, that eye protection using filtered eye masks be used to prevent ocular transmission; second, that new, pre-filtered, valved respirators be used to even more effectively block viral transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United
States
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United
States
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11
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Malwal SR, Pardeshi KA, Chakrapani H. Synthesis of Cyclic Sulfite Diesters and their Evaluation as Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 ) Donors. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1201-1205. [PMID: 31709695 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) finds widespread use in the food industry as its hydrated sulfite form, a number of aspects of SO2 biology remain to be completely understood. Of the tools available for intracellular enhancement of SO2 levels, most suffer from poor cell permeability and a lack of control over SO2 release. We report 1,2-cyclic sulfite diesters as a new class of reliable SO2 donors that dissociate in buffer through nucleophilic displacement to produce SO2 with tunable release profiles. We provide data in support of the suitability of these SO2 donors to enhance intracellular SO2 levels more efficiently than sodium bisulfite, the most commonly used SO2 donor for cellular studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish R Malwal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune, 411 008, Maharashtra, India.,Present address: Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Kundansingh A Pardeshi
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune, 411 008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harinath Chakrapani
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune, 411 008, Maharashtra, India
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12
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Han S, Li X, Xia Y, Yu Z, Cai N, Malwal SR, Han X, Oldfield E, Zhang Y. Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthase as a Target for Drug Development: Discovery of Natural-Product-Derived Inhibitors and Their Activity in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. J Med Chem 2019; 62:10867-10896. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Yun Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Zhengsen Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Ningning Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Xu Han
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300308 Tianjin, China
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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13
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Song J, Shang N, Baig N, Yao J, Shin C, Kim BK, Li Q, Malwal SR, Oldfield E, Feng X, Guo RT. Aspergillus flavus squalene synthase as an antifungal target: Expression, activity, and inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:517-523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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14
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Zhang L, Ko TP, Malwal SR, Liu W, Zhou S, Yu X, Oldfield E, Guo RT, Chen CC. Complex structures of MoeN5 with substrate analogues suggest sequential catalytic mechanism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 511:800-805. [PMID: 30837154 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.02.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The antibiotic moenomycin A is a phosphoglycerate derivative with a C25-moenocinyl chain and a branched oligosaccharide. Formation of the C25-chain is catalyzed by the enzyme MoeN5 with geranyl pyrophosphate (GPP) and the sugar-linked 2-Z,E-farnesyl-3-phosphoglycerate (FPG) as its substrates. Previous complex crystal structures with GPP and long-chain alkyl glycosides suggested that GPP binds to the S1 site in a similar way as in most other α-helical prenyltransferases (PTs), and FPG is likely to assume a bent conformation in the S2 site. However, two FPG derivatives synthesized in the current study were found in the S1 site rather than S2 in their complex crystal structures with MoeN5. Apparently S1 is the preferred site for prenyl-containing ligand, and S2 binding may proceed only after S1 is occupied. Thus, like most trans-type PTs, MoeN5 may employ a sequential ionization-condensation-elimination mechanism that involves a carbocation intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilan Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Tzu-Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Satish R Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Weidong Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Shuyu Zhou
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Xuejing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 4342008, China
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China; State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 4342008, China.
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 4342008, China.
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15
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Yang Y, Li L, Yuan L, Zhou X, Duan J, Xiao H, Cai N, Han S, Ma X, Liu W, Chen CC, Wang L, Li X, Chen J, Kang N, Chen J, Shen Z, Malwal SR, Liu W, Shi Y, Oldfield E, Guo RT, Zhang Y. A Structural Change in Butyrophilin upon Phosphoantigen Binding Underlies Phosphoantigen-Mediated Vγ9Vδ2 T Cell Activation. Immunity 2019; 50:1043-1053.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Malwal SR, Chen L, Hicks H, Qu F, Liu W, Shillo A, Law WX, Zhang J, Chandnani N, Han X, Zheng Y, Chen CC, Guo RT, AbdelKhalek A, Seleem MN, Oldfield E. Discovery of Lipophilic Bisphosphonates That Target Bacterial Cell Wall and Quinone Biosynthesis. J Med Chem 2019; 62:2564-2581. [PMID: 30730737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report that alkyl-substituted bisphosphonates have activity against Bacillus anthracis Sterne (0.40 μg/mL), Mycobacterium smegmatis (1.4 μg/mL), Bacillus subtilis (1.0 μg/mL), and Staphylococcus aureus (13 μg/mL). In many cases, there is no effect of serum binding, as well as low activity against a human embryonic kidney cell line. Targeting of isoprenoid biosynthesis is involved with 74 having IC50 values of ∼100 nM against heptaprenyl diphosphate synthase and 200 nM against farnesyl diphosphate synthase. B. subtilis growth inhibition was rescued by addition of farnesyl diphosphate, menaquinone-4 (MK-4), or undecaprenyl phosphate (UP), and the combination of MK-4 and UP resulted in a 25× increase in ED50, indicating targeting of both quinone and cell wall biosynthesis. Clostridioides difficile was inhibited by 74, and since this organism does not synthesize quinones, cell wall biosynthesis is the likely target. We also solved three X-ray structures of inhibitors bound to octaprenyl diphosphate and/or undecaprenyl diphosphate synthases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Weidong Liu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Tianjin 200208 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Bio-enzyme Catalysis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , China
| | | | | | | | | | - Xu Han
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Tianjin 200208 , China
| | - Yingying Zheng
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Tianjin 200208 , China
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Bio-enzyme Catalysis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , China
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory , Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Tianjin 200208 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Bio-enzyme Catalysis, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , China
| | - Ahmed AbdelKhalek
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States.,Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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17
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Malwal SR, O'Dowd B, Feng X, Turhanen P, Shin C, Yao J, Kim BK, Baig N, Zhou T, Bansal S, Khade RL, Zhang Y, Oldfield E. Bisphosphonate-Generated ATP-Analogs Inhibit Cell Signaling Pathways. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:7568-7578. [PMID: 29787268 PMCID: PMC6022752 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates are a major class of drugs used to treat osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and cancer. They have been proposed to act by inhibiting one or more targets including protein prenylation, the epidermal growth factor receptor, or the adenine nucleotide translocase. Inhibition of the latter is due to formation in cells of analogs of ATP: the isopentenyl ester of ATP (ApppI) or an AppXp-type analog of ATP, such as AMP-clodronate (AppCCl2p). We screened both ApppI as well as AppCCl2p against a panel of 369 kinases finding potent inhibition of some tyrosine kinases by AppCCl2p, attributable to formation of a strong hydrogen bond between tyrosine and the terminal phosphonate. We then synthesized bisphosphonate preprodrugs that are converted in cells to other ATP-analogs, finding low nM kinase inhibitors that inhibited cell signaling pathways. These results help clarify our understanding of the mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates, potentially opening up new routes to the development of bone resorption, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish R Malwal
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Bing O'Dowd
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Xinxin Feng
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Petri Turhanen
- School of Pharmacy, Biocenter Kuopio , University of Eastern Finland , PO Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio , Finland
| | - Christopher Shin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Jiaqi Yao
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Boo Kyung Kim
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Noman Baig
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Tianhui Zhou
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Sandhya Bansal
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Rahul L Khade
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Stevens Institute of Technology , 1 Castle Point Terrace , Hoboken , New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Stevens Institute of Technology , 1 Castle Point Terrace , Hoboken , New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
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18
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Malwal SR, Gao J, Hu X, Yang Y, Liu W, Huang JW, Ko TP, Li L, Chen CC, O’Dowd B, Khade RL, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Oldfield E, Guo RT. Catalytic Role of Conserved Asparagine, Glutamine, Serine, and Tyrosine Residues in Isoprenoid Biosynthesis Enzymes. ACS Catal 2018; 8:4299-4312. [PMID: 30345154 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the results of an investigation into the catalytic role of highly conserved amide (asparagine, glutamine) and OH-containing (serine, tyrosine) residues in several prenyltransferases. We first obtained the X-ray structure of cyclolavandulyl diphosphate synthase containing two molecules of the substrate analog dimethylallyl (S)-thiolodiphosphate (DMASPP). The two molecules have similar diphosphate group orientations to those seen in other ζ-fold (cis- head-to-tail and head-to-middle) prenyltransferases with one diphosphate moiety forming a bidentate chelate with Mg2+ in the so-called S1 site (which is typically the allylic binding site in ζ-fold proteins) while the second diphosphate binds to Mg2+ in the so-called S2 site (which is typically the homoallylic binding site in ζ-fold proteins) via a single P1O1 oxygen. The latter interaction can facilitate direct phosphate-mediated proton abstraction via P1O2, or more likely by an indirect mechanism in which P1O2 stabilizes a basic asparagine species that removes H+, which is then eliminated via an Asn-Ser shuttle. The universal occurrence of Asn-Ser pairs in ζ-fold proteins leads to the idea that the highly conserved amide (Asn, Gln) and OH-containing (Tyr) residues seen in many "head-to-head" prenyltransferases such as squalene and dehydrosqualene synthase might play similar roles, in H+ elimination. Structural, bioinformatics and mutagenesis investigations indeed indicate an important role of these residues in catalysis, with the results of density functional theory calculations showing that Asn bound to Mg2+ can act as a general (imine-like) base, while Gln, Tyr and H2O form a proton channel that is adjacent to the conventional (Asp-rich) "active site". Taken together, our results lead to mechanisms of proton-elimination from carbocations in numerous prenyltransferases in which neutral species (Asn, Gln, Ser, Tyr, H2O) act as proton shuttles, complementing the more familiar roles of acidic groups (in Asp and Glu) that bind to Mg2+, and basic groups (primarily Arg) that bind to diphosphates, in isoprenoid biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jian Gao
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xiangying Hu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yunyun Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Jian-Wen Huang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Tzu-Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Liping Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Bing O’Dowd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Rahul L. Khade
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point Terrace, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point Terrace, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
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19
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Elsebaei MM, Mohammad H, Abouf M, Abutaleb NS, Hegazy YA, Ghiaty A, Chen L, Zhang J, Malwal SR, Oldfield E, Seleem MN, Mayhoub AS. Alkynyl-containing phenylthiazoles: Systemically active antibacterial agents effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:195-209. [PMID: 29459278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The promising activity of phenylthiazoles against multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens, in particular MRSA, has been hampered by their limited systemic applicability, due to their rapid metabolism by hepatic microsomal enzymes, resulting in short half-lives. Here, we investigated a series of phenylthiazoles with alkynyl side-chains that were synthesized with the objective of improving stability to hepatic metabolism, extending the utility of phenylthiazoles from topical applications to treatment of a more invasive, systemic MRSA infections. The most promising compounds inhibited the growth of clinically-relevant isolates of MRSA in vitro at concentrations as low as 0.5 μg/mL, and exerted their antibacterial effect by interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis via inhibition of undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase and undecaprenyl diphosphate phosphatase. We also identified two phenylthiazoles that successfully eradicated MRSA inside infected macrophages. In vivo PK analysis of compound 9 revealed promising stability to hepatic metabolism with a biological half-life of ∼4.5 h. In mice, compound 9 demonstrated comparable potency to vancomycin, and at a lower dose (20 mg/kg versus 50 mg/kg), in reducing the burden of MRSA in a systemic, deep-tissue infection, using the neutropenic mouse thigh-infection model. Compound 9 thus represents a new phenylthiazole lead for the treatment of MRSA infections that warrants further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Haroon Mohammad
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Mohamed Abouf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Nader S Abutaleb
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Youssef A Hegazy
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Adel Ghiaty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Jianan Zhang
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Satish R Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States; Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, West Lafayette, IN 479067, United States.
| | - Abdelrahman S Mayhoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt; University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
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20
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Gao J, Ko T, Chen L, Malwal SR, Zhang J, Hu X, Qu F, Liu W, Huang J, Cheng Y, Chen C, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Oldfield E, Guo R. “Head‐to‐Middle” and “Head‐to‐Tail”
cis
‐Prenyl Transferases: Structure of Isosesquilavandulyl Diphosphate Synthase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:683-687. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201710185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Tzu‐Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological ChemistryAcademia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Jianan Zhang
- School of Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Xiangying Hu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Fiona Qu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Weidong Liu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Jian‐Wen Huang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Ya‐Shan Cheng
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Chun‐Chi Chen
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Yunyun Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Rey‐Ting Guo
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
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21
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Gao J, Ko T, Chen L, Malwal SR, Zhang J, Hu X, Qu F, Liu W, Huang J, Cheng Y, Chen C, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Oldfield E, Guo R. Innenrücktitelbild: “Head‐to‐Middle” and “Head‐to‐Tail”
cis
‐Prenyl Transferases: Structure of Isosesquilavandulyl Diphosphate Synthase (Angew. Chem. 3/2018). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Tzu‐Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological ChemistryAcademia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Jianan Zhang
- School of Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Xiangying Hu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Fiona Qu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Weidong Liu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Jian‐Wen Huang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Ya‐Shan Cheng
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Chun‐Chi Chen
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Yunyun Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Rey‐Ting Guo
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
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22
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Gao J, Ko T, Chen L, Malwal SR, Zhang J, Hu X, Qu F, Liu W, Huang J, Cheng Y, Chen C, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Oldfield E, Guo R. “Head‐to‐Middle” and “Head‐to‐Tail”
cis
‐Prenyl Transferases: Structure of Isosesquilavandulyl Diphosphate Synthase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201710185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Tzu‐Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological ChemistryAcademia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Jianan Zhang
- School of Molecular and Cellular BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Xiangying Hu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Fiona Qu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Weidong Liu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Jian‐Wen Huang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Ya‐Shan Cheng
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Chun‐Chi Chen
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Yunyun Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Rey‐Ting Guo
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering LaboratoryTianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
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23
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Wang Y, Desai J, Zhang Y, Malwal SR, Shin CJ, Feng X, Sun H, Liu G, Guo RT, Oldfield E. Bacterial Cell Growth Inhibitors Targeting Undecaprenyl Diphosphate Synthase and Undecaprenyl Diphosphate Phosphatase. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:2311-2319. [PMID: 27578312 PMCID: PMC5155509 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized a series of benzoic acids and phenylphosphonic acids and investigated their effects on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. One of the most active compounds, 5-fluoro-2-(3-(octyloxy)benzamido)benzoic acid (7, ED50 ∼0.15 μg mL-1 ) acted synergistically with seven antibiotics known to target bacterial cell-wall biosynthesis (a fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of ∼0.35, on average) but had indifferent effects in combinations with six non-cell-wall biosynthesis inhibitors (average FICI∼1.45). The most active compounds were found to inhibit two enzymes involved in isoprenoid/bacterial cell-wall biosynthesis: undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase (UPPS) and undecaprenyl diphosphate phosphatase (UPPP), but not farnesyl diphosphate synthase, and there were good correlations between bacterial cell growth inhibition, UPPS inhibition, and UPPP inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Janish Desai
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Satish R Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Christopher J Shin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Xinxin Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Hong Sun
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Guizhi Liu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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24
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Abstract
We synthesized potential inhibitors of farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS), undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase (UPPS), or undecaprenyl diphosphate phosphatase (UPPP), and tested them in bacterial cell growth and enzyme inhibition assays. The most active compounds were found to be bisphosphonates with electron-withdrawing aryl-alkyl side chains which inhibited the growth of Gram-negative bacteria (Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) at ∼1-4 μg mL-1 levels. They were found to be potent inhibitors of FPPS; cell growth was partially "rescued" by the addition of farnesol or overexpression of FPPS, and there was synergistic activity with known isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway inhibitors. Lipophilic hydroxyalkyl phosphonic acids inhibited UPPS and UPPP at micromolar levels; they were active (∼2-6 μg mL-1 ) against Gram-positive but not Gram-negative organisms, and again exhibited synergistic activity with cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors, but only indifferent effects with other inhibitors. The results are of interest because they describe novel inhibitors of FPPS, UPPS, and UPPP with cell growth inhibitory activities as low as ∼1-2 μg mL-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Janish Desai
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Satish R Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
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25
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Zhang L, Chen C, Ko T, Huang J, Zheng Y, Liu W, Wang I, Malwal SR, Feng X, Wang K, Huang C, Hsu SD, Wang AH, Oldfield E, Guo R. Moenomycin Biosynthesis: Structure and Mechanism of Action of the Prenyltransferase MoeN5. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lilan Zhang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Chun‐Chi Chen
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Tzu‐Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | | | - Yingying Zheng
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | - Iren Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Xinxin Feng
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Chun‐Hsiang Huang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
| | | | - Andrew H.‐J. Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA
| | - Rey‐Ting Guo
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin 300308 China
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26
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Zhang L, Chen CC, Ko TP, Huang JW, Zheng Y, Liu W, Wang I, Malwal SR, Feng X, Wang K, Huang CH, Hsu STD, Wang AHJ, Oldfield E, Guo RT. Moenomycin Biosynthesis: Structure and Mechanism of Action of the Prenyltransferase MoeN5. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:4716-20. [PMID: 26954060 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The structure of MoeN5, a unique prenyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of the antibiotic moenomycin, is reported. MoeN5 catalyzes the reaction of geranyl diphosphate (GPP) with the cis-farnesyl group in phosphoglycolipid 5 to form the (C25) moenocinyl-sidechain-containing lipid 7. GPP binds to an allylic site (S1) and aligns well with known S1 inhibitors. Alkyl glycosides, glycolipids, can bind to both S1 and a second site, S2. Long sidechains in S2 are "bent" and co-locate with the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl diphosphate in other prenyltransferases. These observations support a MoeN5 mechanism in which 5 binds to S2 with its C6-C11 group poised to attack C1 in GPP to form the moenocinyl sidechain, with the more distal regions of 5 aligning with the distal glucose in decyl maltoside. The results are of general interest because they provide the first structures of MoeN5 and a structural basis for its mechanism of action, results that will facilitate the design of new antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilan Zhang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Tzu-Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Wen Huang
- AsiaPac Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yingying Zheng
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Iren Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Satish R Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Xinxin Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Chun-Hsiang Huang
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Shang-Te Danny Hsu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Andrew H-J Wang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- Industrial Enzymes National Engineering Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
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27
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Hu Y, Liu W, Malwal SR, Zheng Y, Feng X, Ko TP, Chen CC, Xu Z, Liu M, Han X, Gao J, Oldfield E, Guo RT. Structures of Iridoid Synthase from Cantharanthus roseus with Bound NAD(+) , NADPH, or NAD(+) /10-Oxogeranial: Reaction Mechanisms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:15478-15482. [PMID: 26768532 PMCID: PMC4718417 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Structures of the iridoid synthase nepetalactol synthase in the presence of NAD(+) , NADPH or NAD(+) /10-oxogeranial were solved. The 10-oxogeranial substrate binds in a transoid-O1-C3 conformation and can be reduced by hydride addition to form the byproduct S-10-oxo-citronellal. Tyr178 Oζ is positioned 2.5 Å from the substrate O1 and provides the second proton required for reaction. Nepetalactol product formation requires rotation about C1-C2 to form the cisoid isomer, leading to formation of the cis-enolate, together with rotation about C4-C5, which enables cyclization and lactol production. The structure is similar to that of progesterone-5β-reductase, with almost identical positioning of NADP, Lys146(147), Tyr178(179), and F342(343), but only Tyr178 and Phe342 appear to be essential for activity. The transoid 10-oxogeranial structure also serves as a model for β-face hydride attack in progesterone 5β-reductases and is of general interest in the context of asymmetric synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Hu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yingying Zheng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xinxin Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Tzu-Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chi Chen
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Zhongxia Xu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Meixia Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xu Han
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rey-Ting Guo
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
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28
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Hu Y, Liu W, Malwal SR, Zheng Y, Feng X, Ko TP, Chen CC, Xu Z, Liu M, Han X, Gao J, Oldfield E, Guo RT. Titelbild: Structures of Iridoid Synthase from Cantharanthus roseuswith Bound NAD +, NADPH, or NAD +/10-Oxogeranial: Reaction Mechanisms (Angew. Chem. 51/2015). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201510890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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29
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Hu Y, Liu W, Malwal SR, Zheng Y, Feng X, Ko T, Chen C, Xu Z, Liu M, Han X, Gao J, Oldfield E, Guo R. Cover Picture: Structures of Iridoid Synthase from
Cantharanthus roseus
with Bound NAD
+
, NADPH, or NAD
+
/10‐Oxogeranial: Reaction Mechanisms (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 51/2015). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201510890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Hu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308 (China)
| | - Weidong Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308 (China)
| | - Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA)
| | - Yingying Zheng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308 (China)
| | - Xinxin Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA)
| | - Tzu‐Ping Ko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529 (Taiwan)
| | - Chun‐Chi Chen
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308 (China)
| | - Zhongxia Xu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308 (China)
| | - Meixia Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308 (China)
| | - Xu Han
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308 (China)
| | - Jian Gao
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308 (China)
| | - Eric Oldfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA)
| | - Rey‐Ting Guo
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308 (China)
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30
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Hu Y, Liu W, Malwal SR, Zheng Y, Feng X, Ko TP, Chen CC, Xu Z, Liu M, Han X, Gao J, Oldfield E, Guo RT. Structures of Iridoid Synthase fromCantharanthus roseuswith Bound NAD+, NADPH, or NAD+/10-Oxogeranial: Reaction Mechanisms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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31
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Abstract
We describe here hitherto unexplored chemistry of the sulfinate ester functional group as being highly selective towards nucleophilic substitution by thiols at physiological pH. Using this cleavable trigger, an optical thiol probe that is suitable for thiol bioimaging has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish R Malwal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India.
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32
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Pardeshi KA, Malwal SR, Banerjee A, Lahiri S, Rangarajan R, Chakrapani H. Thiol activated prodrugs of sulfur dioxide (SO2) as MRSA inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:2694-7. [PMID: 25981687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistant infections are becoming common worldwide and new strategies for drug development are necessary. Here, we report the synthesis and evaluation of 2,4-dinitrophenylsulfonamides, which are donors of sulfur dioxide (SO2), a reactive sulfur species, as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) inhibitors. N-(3-Methoxyphenyl)-2,4-dinitro-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide (5e) was found to have excellent in vitro MRSA inhibitory potency. This compound is cell permeable and treatment of MRSA cells with 5e depleted intracellular thiols and enhanced oxidative species both results consistent with a mechanism involving thiol activation to produce SO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kundansingh A Pardeshi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Satish R Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ankita Banerjee
- Vitas Pharma Research Private Limited, Technology Business Incubator, University of Hyderabad, C.R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Surobhi Lahiri
- Vitas Pharma Research Private Limited, Technology Business Incubator, University of Hyderabad, C.R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Radha Rangarajan
- Vitas Pharma Research Private Limited, Technology Business Incubator, University of Hyderabad, C.R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Harinath Chakrapani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India.
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33
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Abstract
A series of benzosulfones were synthesized and found to undergo photolysis to generate sulfur dioxide in aqueous buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune
- 411 008 India
| | - Harinath Chakrapani
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune
- 411 008 India
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahesh Gudem
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anirban Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harinath Chakrapani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Pune 411 008, Maharashtra, India
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35
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Malwal SR, Sriram D, Yogeeswari P, Konkimalla VB, Chakrapani H. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Thiol-Activated Sources of Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) as Antimycobacterial Agents. J Med Chem 2011; 55:553-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jm201023g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satish R. Malwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research,
Pune 411 008, India
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science—Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500 078, India
| | - Perumal Yogeeswari
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science—Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500 078, India
| | - V. Badireenath Konkimalla
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar 751 005, India
| | - Harinath Chakrapani
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research,
Pune 411 008, India
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