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Oka A, Takahashi M, Nishimura W, Oyamada S, Oka S, Iwasaki S, Kanai K, Okano M. Gene expression of cytokines and prostaglandin metabolism-related proteins in eosinophilic otitis media. J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob 2024; 3:100237. [PMID: 38524784 PMCID: PMC10959659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of gene expression in the middle ear mucosa of 2 patients diagnosed with eosinophilic otitis media. One patient with severe hearing loss showed high expression levels of genes encoding IL-5 and IL-33 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiko Oka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Narita, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takahashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Nishimura
- Department of Molecular Biology, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Narita, Japan
| | - Shogo Oyamada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwasaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kengo Kanai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Narita, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Okano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare School of Medicine, Narita, Japan
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2
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Yoshida H, Abe Y, Igeta K, Higuchi A, Kobashi J, Tomioka Y, Oka S. Transversely graded polarization volume gratings fabricated by freeform holographic photoalignment. Opt Lett 2024; 49:121-124. [PMID: 38134167 DOI: 10.1364/ol.506271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Polarization volume gratings (PVGs) based on chiral nematic liquid crystals offer a great potential as polarization-dependent holographic optical elements, but it is not easy to fabricate PVGs with varying pattern periods in the transverse plane. Here, we fabricate a PVG with an in-plane gradient of the pattern period by performing two-beam interference photoalignment on a flexible polyimide substrate. The pattern period varies depending on the local interference angle, which is controlled by the bent shape of the flexible substrate. We demonstrate fabrication of a PVG with a linearly graded sub-micrometer period, showing the potential of the proposed method to fabricate designer PVGs.
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3
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Sakata A, Sado T, Oka SI, Ushio M, Miya M. Collection of environmental DNA from stemflow for monitoring arboreal biodiversity: Preliminary validation using lichens. MethodsX 2023; 11:102448. [PMID: 38023308 PMCID: PMC10630645 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The forest canopy harbors a diverse array of organisms. However, monitoring their biodiversity poses challenges due to limited accessibility and the vast taxonomic diversity. To address these challenges, we present a novel method for capturing arboreal biodiversity by harnessing stemflow as a source of DNA from organisms inhabiting trees. Our method involves encircling the tree trunk with gauze, directing the stemflow along the gauze into a funnel, and collecting it in a plastic bag. We employed dual collection systems to retrieve environmental DNA (eDNA) from the stemflow: the gauze trap, designed to capture macroscopic biological fragments, and the plastic bag trap, which collected the stemflow itself. The trapped fragments and stemflow were separately filtered, and eDNA was subsequently extracted from the filter membranes. To validate our method, we focused on foliose lichens, which are easily observable on tree surfaces. We performed eDNA metabarcoding and successfully detected a majority of the observed foliose lichen species, including those not identified through visual observation alone.•We have developed a non-invasive and straightforward method for monitoring arboreal biodiversity by collecting eDNA from stemflow, which has been validated using lichens for its efficacy.•This cost-effective approach minimizes disruptions to tree ecosystems and is expected to provide an efficient means of sampling and monitoring arboreal organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Sakata
- Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sado
- Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Masayuki Ushio
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Masaki Miya
- Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Japan
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Ikeda T, Oka S, Tokuhiro J, Suzuki A, Matsuda K. Short-Term Cast Immobilization of a Unilateral Lower Extremity and Physical Inactivity Induce Postural Instability during Standing in Healthy Young Men. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2525. [PMID: 37761723 PMCID: PMC10531174 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported an increased postural sway after short-term unilateral lower limb movement restriction, even in healthy subjects. However, the associations of motion limitation have not been fully established. The question of whether short-term lower limb physical inactivity and movement restriction affect postural control in the upright position remains. One lower limb of each participant was fixed with a soft bandage and medical splint for 10 h while the participant sat on a manual wheelchair. The participants were instructed to stand still for 60 s under eyes-open (EO) and eyes-closed (EC) conditions. Using a single force plate signal, we measured the center of pressure (COP) signal in the horizontal plane and calculated the total, anterior-posterior (A-P), and medial-lateral (M-L) path lengths, sway area, and mean COP displacements in A-P and M-L directions. The COP sway increased and the COP position during the upright stance shifted from the fixed to the non-fixed side after cast removal, compared to before the cast application, under both EO and EC conditions. These findings indicated that 10 h of unilateral lower limb movement restriction induced postural instability and postural control asymmetry, suggesting the acute adverse effects of cast immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Ikeda
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka 814-0001, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Reiwa Health Sciences University, Fukuoka 811-0213, Japan;
| | - Junya Tokuhiro
- Department of Rehabilitation, Gotanda Hospital, Oita 877-0037, Japan;
| | - Akari Suzuki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan; (A.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Kensuke Matsuda
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan; (A.S.); (K.M.)
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Oka S, Takano Y, Matsuse H, Tagawa Y, Shiba N. A Standing Low-frequency Vibration Exercise Device for Improving Balance in Community-dwelling Older Adults: A Single-blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Phys Ther Res 2023; 26:24-31. [PMID: 37181485 PMCID: PMC10169311 DOI: 10.1298/ptr.e10192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the effects of the standing low-frequency vibration exercise device (SLVED) and walking training on balance ability on an unstable surface in community-dwelling elderly people. METHODS Thirty-eight older adults were randomly allocated to the SLVED sessions: the intervention group (n = 19), and the walking sessions: the control group (n = 19). Each group session lasted 20 min and was performed twice a week for 12 weeks. Standing balance was assessed by the change in center-of-gravity sway of the participant standing on foam rubber with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC). The primary outcome measures were the root mean square (RMS) values of the center of foot pressure in the mediolateral and anteroposterior directions and the RMS area. Secondary outcome measures were the results of the 10-m walking time test (10 MWT), five-times sit-to-stand (5T-STS) test, and timed up-and-go (TUG) test. RESULTS Analysis of variance showed a significant group × time interaction for the TUG test. Significant improvements were observed in Y-RMS for EO condition; RMS, X-RMS, Y-RMS, and RMS area for EC condition; and 10 MWT, 5T-STS test, and TUG test for the main effect of the time factor. CONCLUSION SLVED for intervention in community-dwelling older adults showed a greater improvement than walking training in the TUG test. In addition, SLVED improved the Y-RMS for the EO condition on foam rubber; RMS, X-RMS, Y-RMS, and RMS area for the EC condition on foam rubber in standing balance; and the 10 MWT and 5T-STS test, suggesting that it has similar effects to walking training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Reiwa Health Sciences University, Japan
| | - Yoshio Takano
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | - Hiroo Matsuse
- Department of Orthopedics, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Tagawa
- Department of Orthopedics, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Naoto Shiba
- Department of Orthopedics, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan
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Oka SI, Kanai K, Oka A, Kitamura H, Furutate S, Oyamada S, Takahashi M, Iwasaki S, Koike T, Mochizuki T, Okano M. A case of intractable chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps leading remission after treatment switching from anti-IL-5 to anti-IL-4Rα monoclonal antibody. Otolaryngology Case Reports 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xocr.2023.100512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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7
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Oka SI, Miya M, Sado T. Gravity filtration of environmental DNA: A simple, fast, and power-free method. MethodsX 2022; 9:101838. [PMID: 36117674 PMCID: PMC9472067 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2022.101838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Filtration is required during the collection of trace amounts of environmental DNA (eDNA) from water samples to achieve a concentration sufficient for downstream molecular experiments. To date, collected water samples have been filtered by humans or electric power using various instruments. We developed a simple gravity filtration system that does not need for an external force. The system comprises a plastic bag filled with a water sample (1 L), a filter cartridge, and a long plastic tube (e.g., 2 m). When hung at a height equal to the tube length, this filtration unit can enable power-free collection and concentration of eDNA at any remote location within a reasonable time (10–60 min).A simple, rapid, power-free, practical filtration system for environmental DNA analysis is reported. If there is a place to hang the filtration system, filtration can be performed anywhere. The filtration speed increased when the system was hung higher.
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8
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Miya M, Sado T, Oka SI, Fukuchi T. The use of citizen science in fish eDNA metabarcoding for evaluating regional biodiversity in a coastal marine region: A pilot study. MBMG 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/mbmg.6.80444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To test the feasibility of a citizen science program for fish eDNA metabarcoding in coastal marine environments, we recruited six groups of voluntary citizens for a science education course at a natural history museum. We held a seminar on eDNA and a workshop for seawater sampling and on-site filtration using syringes and filter cartridges for the participants. After that, they selected single survey sites following the guidelines for conducting a safe field trip. They performed seawater sampling and on-site filtration at these sites during their summer holidays. The six selected sites unexpectedly included diverse coastal habitats within a 40 km radius, located at temperate latitudes in central Japan (~35°N). After the field trips, they returned filtered cartridges to the museum, and we extracted eDNA from the filters. We performed fish eDNA metabarcoding, along with data analysis. Consequently, we identified 140 fish species across 66 families and 118 genera from the six samples, with species richness ranging from 14 to 66. Despite its limited sample size, such a diverse taxonomic range of fish species exhibited spatial biodiversity patterns within the region, which are consistent with species distribution. These include north-south and urbanization gradients of species richness, geographic structure of the fish communities, and varying salinity preferences of the component species. This case study demonstrates the potential of fish eDNA metabarcoding as an educational and scientific tool to raise public awareness and perform large-scale citizen science initiatives encompassing regional, national, or global fauna.
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9
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Oka S, Kawano S, Shimoda T, Hamachi N, Mitsutake T. Association between generalized joint laxity and knee joint movement in female university students. J Phys Ther Sci 2022; 34:131-134. [PMID: 35221516 PMCID: PMC8860693 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.34.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study investigated the association between generalized joint laxity and
knee joint movement in female university students. [Participants and Methods] The study
included 21 female university students. Generalized joint laxity was measured using the
Beighton criteria for joint hypermobility. Acceleration and angular velocities of the
tibia during knee extension were measured along three axes using a triaxial accelerometer.
Sampling data were expressed as root mean squares. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to
determine differences in the acceleration and angular velocities along each axis between
the generalized joint laxity and non-generalized joint laxity groups. Spearman’s rank
correlations were used to confirm the association between these parameters. [Results] The
rotational angular velocity was greater in the generalized joint laxity than in the
non-generalized joint laxity group, and we observed a significant correlation between
Beighton scores and the X-axis angular velocity. Furthermore, rotational angular velocity
was positively correlated with anterior–posterior acceleration and extension angular
velocity. [Conclusion] These findings suggest that rotational angular velocity of the
tibia during knee extension is associated with generalized joint laxity in female
university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Ohkawa, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | | | - Takeyoshi Shimoda
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Ohkawa, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Nozomi Hamachi
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Ohkawa, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Mitsutake
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Japan
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Takatsuka I, Hirata H, Takahashi T, Dohtan S, Oka S, Sakamoto N, Takaba M, Adachi M, Takemura T, Nagata Y, Ono T. Successful treatment with nilotinib after bosutinib-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension recurrence following dasatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase. Leuk Res Rep 2022; 17:100312. [PMID: 35509967 PMCID: PMC9059076 DOI: 10.1016/j.lrr.2022.100312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is the lethal adverse event of dasatinib. We experienced bosutinib-induced PAH recurrence following dasatinib. Treatment response without PAH recurrence was obtained by switching to nilotinib.
A 52-year-old man was diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase (CML-CP). He experienced bosutinib-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) recurrence following dasatinib use. Symptoms and examination findings associated with PAH improved after bosutinib cessation. Although nilotinib was started because of the loss of response after bosutinib cessation, a deep molecular response without PAH recurrence was achieved 3 months after the initiation of nilotinib therapy. PAH recurrence after switching to bosutinib due to dasatinib-induced PAH should be closely monitored. In addition, nilotinib therapy might be an effective approach in PAH cases related to dasatinib and/or bosutinib in patients with CML-CP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Takaaki Ono
- Corresponding author at: Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1, Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
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Inoue T, Oka SI, Nakazato K, Hara T. Structural Changes and Mechanical Resistance of Claws and Denticles in Coconut Crabs of Different Sizes. Biology 2021; 10:biology10121304. [PMID: 34943219 PMCID: PMC8698411 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Understanding the diverse mechanisms by which organisms achieve exceptionally high mechanical properties may enable the development of unique, biologically inspired materials. We assessed the microstructure, composition, and mechanical resistance of the pinching side with denticles and of the outer side without denticles in robust claws of coconut crabs with body weight (BW) of 300 g to 1650 g. Surprisingly, they were independent of BW except for low hardness near the surface of the denticles of a small crab of 300 g. Although the microstructure of the denticles was clearly different from that of the exocuticle, their mechanical resistance indicated the same maximum value. The denticle can be regarded as a bulge of the cuticle without phosphorus. The design principles found in the exoskeleton provided promising opportunities for the research and development of novel structural materials. Abstract The exoskeleton of the pinching side of claws with denticles and of the outer side without them on the coconut crab, Birgus latro, which is a rare organism, were studied using a materials science approach. The mechanical resistance of three claws of different sizes was investigated along the exoskeleton thickness from the outer surface to the inner surface, and the results were compared, including the contribution of the microstructure and chemical compositions. Mechanical properties, hardness (H) and stiffness (Er), were probed through nanoindentation tests. The results showed the H, Er, microstructures, and chemical components of the exocuticle and endocuticle layers were almost the same, in a BW range of 300 g to 1650 g. At the same time, the H and Er near the surface of the denticles of a small coconut crab of 300 g were lower than those of other large coconut crabs. The microstructure of the denticles was clearly different from that of the exocuticle, but the maximum mechanical properties near their surface indicated almost the same values, Hmax = 4 GPa and Er(max) = 70 GPa, regardless of being on the pinching side or the outer side. A denticle can be regarded as a bulge of the cuticle without phosphorus and with high magnesium. The results provided novel information that expanded our knowledge about the claw microstructure of coconut crabs with different body sizes, and may be used in further studies
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadanobu Inoue
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan; (K.N.); (T.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-29-859-2148; Fax: +81-29-859-2101
| | - Shin-ichiro Oka
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu, Okinawa 905-0206, Japan;
| | - Koji Nakazato
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan; (K.N.); (T.H.)
| | - Toru Hara
- National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1, Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan; (K.N.); (T.H.)
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Sasai T, Yamamoto T, Oka SI, Toda M. Addition of the Sea Snake, Hydrophis stokesii (Reptilia: Squamata: Elapidae), to the Herpetofauna of Japan. Current Herpetology 2021. [DOI: 10.5358/hsj.40.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahide Sasai
- Okinawa Churashima Research Center, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu, Okinawa 905–0206, JAPAN
| | - Takumi Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903–0213, JAPAN
| | - Shin-ichiro Oka
- Okinawa Churashima Research Center, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu, Okinawa 905–0206, JAPAN
| | - Mamoru Toda
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903–0213, JAPAN
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Aino M, Oka S, Haruguchi K, Aino M, Hashimura S, Kurosawa K. Comparison of spinal column alignment and autonomic nervous activity using the intersegmental tenderness test in the segment above. J Phys Ther Sci 2021; 33:570-575. [PMID: 34393365 PMCID: PMC8332640 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.33.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The thoracolumbar supraspinous intersegmental tenderness test (ITT) in the
segment above was performed to compare spinal alignment and autonomic activity in the
presence or absence of pain. [Participants and Methods] Thirty young males were grouped
into Th1–4 (Cardiopulmonary visceral nerves), Th5–9 (Large visceral nerve), and Th10–12
(Small visceral nerve) by ITT for the presence of pain. Measurements of the spinal
alignment and autonomic function were performed. [Results] Those with ITT pain had a
significantly lower range of motion in the sagittal plane at Th12, Th12–L1, and L2–3 and
in the frontal plane at Th1–2, Th4–5, Th6–7, and L3–4 than those in the no pain group. On
autonomic function tests, the pain group had significantly lower Total Power, LF (Low
Frequency), and CVRR (Coefficient of variation of R-R interval). [Conclusion] In ITT,
patients with pain at Th5–9 have a mixture of reduced sagittal tilt angle and autonomic
hypofunction of the adjacent upper and lower thoracic to lumbar vertebrae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Aino
- Japan Systemic Fascia Neuro-Pain Approach Association: 1-13-24 Kashii Ekimae, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 813-0013, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | | | - Mayumi Aino
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kitakyushu Koga Hospital, Japan
| | - Shun Hashimura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kitakyushu Koga Hospital, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kurosawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Odawara, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan
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14
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Oka S, Yamaguchi J, Okoba R, Ariie T. Relationship between single-leg stance test with light touch and hip muscle strength in healthy young adults. J Phys Ther Sci 2021; 33:576-579. [PMID: 34393366 PMCID: PMC8332639 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.33.576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study investigated the relationship between the single-leg stance test
with light touch and hip rotator muscle strength. [Participants and Methods] Thirty-one
healthy young adults participated in the study. A single leg stance test with light touch
was performed to evaluate the participants’ static balance ability. The duration that an
individual could successfully perform the single leg stance test with light touch in the
eyes open was measured. The participants were instructed to slightly touch their right
index fingertip on the digital scale. The hip muscle strength of the internal rotators and
external rotators were measured by the isometric peak torque. The internal/external
rotator strength ratio was calculated by dividing the strength of the internal rotator by
that of the external rotator. [Results] The hip external rotator muscle strength was
higher in males than in females. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between the
single-leg stance test with light touch and hip external rotator muscle strength in males
and between the single leg stance test with light touch and hip internal rotator muscle
strength in females. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was found between the
single leg stance test with light touch and hip internal rotator/external rotator ratio in
males. [Conclusion] We concluded that the single leg stance test with light touch is a
useful tool to evaluate static hip muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare at Fukuoka: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-shi, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Junya Yamaguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kokura Rehabilitation Hospital, Japan
| | - Ryota Okoba
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare at Fukuoka: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-shi, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Ariie
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare at Fukuoka: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-shi, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
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Nakazono H, Ogata K, Takeda A, Yamada E, Oka S, Tobimatsu S. A specific phase of transcranial alternating current stimulation at the β frequency boosts repetitive paired-pulse TMS-induced plasticity. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13179. [PMID: 34162993 PMCID: PMC8222330 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92768-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 20 Hz (β) has been shown to modulate motor evoked potentials (MEPs) when paired with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in a phase-dependent manner. Repetitive paired-pulse TMS (rPPS) with I-wave periodicity (1.5 ms) induced short-lived facilitation of MEPs. We hypothesized that tACS would modulate the facilitatory effects of rPPS in a frequency- and phase-dependent manner. To test our hypothesis, we investigated the effects of combined tACS and rPPS. We applied rPPS in combination with peak or trough phase tACS at 10 Hz (α) or β, or sham tACS (rPPS alone). The facilitatory effects of rPPS in the sham condition were temporary and variable among participants. In the β tACS peak condition, significant increases in single-pulse MEPs persisted for over 30 min after the stimulation, and this effect was stable across participants. In contrast, β tACS in the trough condition did not modulate MEPs. Further, α tACS parameters did not affect single-pulse MEPs after the intervention. These results suggest that a rPPS-induced increase in trans-synaptic efficacy could be strengthened depending on the β tACS phase, and that this technique could produce long-lasting plasticity with respect to cortical excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Nakazono
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. .,Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medical Science, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, 814-0001, Japan.
| | - Katsuya Ogata
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, 831-8501, Japan
| | - Akinori Takeda
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Research Center for Brain Communication, Research Institute, Kochi University of Technology, Kochi, 782-8502, Japan
| | - Emi Yamada
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Humanities, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, 831-8501, Japan
| | - Shozo Tobimatsu
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Orthoptics, Faculty of Medical Science, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, 814-0001, Japan
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Adachi M, Yokota D, Hirata H, Koyauchi K, Dohtan S, Oka S, Sakamoto N, Takaba M, Takemura T, Nagata Y, Naito K, Ono T. Prognostic impact of the dosage of methotrexate combined with tacrolimus for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after cord blood transplantation. Int J Hematol 2021; 114:252-262. [PMID: 34086252 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-021-03161-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The optimal dosage of methotrexate (MTX) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis after cord blood transplantation (CBT) has not been well elucidated. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective study comparing a mini-MTX group (5 mg/m2 on day 1, 3 and 6) to a short-MTX group (10 mg/m2 on day 1 and 7 mg/m2 on day 3 and 6) after CBT. Sixty-three patients were classified as the mini-MTX group and 20 as the short-MTX group. The median time and cumulative incidence of neutrophil engraftment did not vary between the two groups. The cumulative incidence of grade 2-4 and grade 3-4 acute GVHD was similar in both groups. Overall survival in the mini-MTX group was significantly lower than in the short-MTX group (46.9% vs. 88.7% at 1 year, p < 0.01), contributing to higher non-relapse mortality (NRM) in the mini-MTX group (32.0% vs. 5.0% at 1 year, p = 0.02). In multivariate analysis, the mini-MTX regimen was the most powerful prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio 4.11; p = 0.03). Although the reduced dosage of MTX had no effect on neutrophil engraftment, increased NRM due to higher incidence of infection, graft failure, and severe acute GVHD resulted in a lower survival rate in the mini-MTX group after CBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Adachi
- Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Yokota
- Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroya Hirata
- Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Katsumi Koyauchi
- Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Dohtan
- Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Oka
- Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Nami Sakamoto
- Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Takaba
- Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tomonari Takemura
- Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Nagata
- Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kensuke Naito
- Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ono
- Division of Hematology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
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Takahashi M, Iwasaki S, Furutate S, Oka S, Oyamada S, Yasumura K. Active middle ear implant (vibrant soundbridge) in children with unilateral congenital aural atresia. Acta Otolaryngol 2021; 141:34-38. [PMID: 33043753 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2020.1823471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detailed studies have not been conducted on sound localization and speech perception in noise in patients with unilateral congenital aural atresia (UCAA). AIMS/OBJECTIVES To evaluate the benefits of the use of the Vibrant Soundbridge (VSB) for UCAA by performing audiometric and sound localization tests. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four children with UCAA underwent VSB (VORP 503) implantation from 2018 to 2019. Speech perception tests in noise were conducted using the Japanese monosyllable test. The spatial configuration for speech testing consisted of speech presented from the front and noise presented into the normal ear (S0N90). The sound localization test was conducted using nine loudspeakers equally distributed in a semicircle. RESULTS The children's speech perception in noise 6 months after VSB activation was significantly better than before activation (p < .05). Additionally, the children's sound localization ability after VSB activation was significantly better than before VSB activation. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE The benefits of VSB use in children with UCAA were revealed using audiometric and sound localization tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Takahashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwasaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sakiko Furutate
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Oyamada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, International University of Health and Welfare Mita Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yasumura
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kanagawa Children’s Medical Center, Kanagawa, Japan
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Oka SI, Nakamura M, Nozu R, Miyamoto K. First observation of larval oarfish, Regalecus russelii, from fertilized eggs through hatching, following artificial insemination in captivity. Zoological Lett 2020; 6:4. [PMID: 32292594 PMCID: PMC7140580 DOI: 10.1186/s40851-020-00156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the life history of oarfish of the genus Regalecus, although it is a famous deep-sea fish and an apparent origin of sea serpent legends. We successfully performed artificial insemination using a recently dead pair of sexually mature individuals. We report for the first time development from fertilized eggs to early larvae in the Lampridiformes. RESULTS Eggs required 18 days of development from fertilization to hatching under 20.5-22.5 °C conditions. Oarfish larvae had similar morphological features as other lampridiform larvae hatched in the ocean. Larvae typically faced downward and swam using pectoral fins; they frequently opened their mouths. This mouth-opening behavior and swimming ability were both consistent with osteological development. The larvae did not eat and died four days after hatching. CONCLUSIONS This is the first successful instance of artificial insemination and hatching in the oarfish, as well as the first reliable morphological and behavioral description of lampridiform larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Oka
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu-cho, Okinawa, 905-0206 Japan
| | - Masaru Nakamura
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu-cho, Okinawa, 905-0206 Japan
| | - Ryo Nozu
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu-cho, Okinawa, 905-0206 Japan
| | - Kei Miyamoto
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu-cho, Okinawa, 905-0206 Japan
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Oka SI, Day TF, Nishio SY, Moteki H, Miyagawa M, Morita S, Izumi S, Ikezono T, Abe S, Nakayama J, Hyogo M, Okamoto N, Uehara N, Oshikawa C, Kitajiri SI, Usami SI. Clinical Characteristics and In Vitro Analysis of MYO6 Variants Causing Late-Onset Progressive Hearing Loss. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11030273. [PMID: 32143290 PMCID: PMC7140843 DOI: 10.3390/genes11030273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MYO6 is known as a genetic cause of autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inherited hearing loss. In this study, to clarify the frequency and clinical characteristics of hearing loss caused by MYO6 gene mutations, a large-scale genetic analysis of Japanese patients with hearing loss was performed. By means of massively parallel DNA sequencing (MPS) using next-generation sequencing for 8074 Japanese families, we found 27 MYO6 variants in 33 families, 22 of which are novel. In total, 2.40% of autosomal dominant sensorineural hearing loss (ADSNHL) in families in this study (32 out of 1336) was found to be caused by MYO6 mutations. The present study clarified that most cases showed juvenile-onset progressive hearing loss and their hearing deteriorated markedly after 40 years of age. The estimated hearing deterioration was found to be 0.57 dB per year; when restricted to change after 40 years of age, the deterioration speed was accelerated to 1.07 dB per year. To obtain supportive evidence for pathogenicity, variants identified in the patients were introduced to MYO6 cDNA by site-directed mutagenesis and overexpressed in epithelial cells. They were then assessed for their effects on espin1-induced microvilli formation. Cells with wildtype myosin 6 and espin1 co-expressed created long microvilli, while co-expression with mutant constructs resulted in severely shortened microvilli. In conclusion, the present data clearly showed that MYO6 is one of the genes to keep in mind with regard to ADSNHL, and the molecular characteristics of the identified gene variants suggest that a possible pathology seems to result from malformed stereocilia of the cochlear hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Oka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (S.-i.O.); (T.F.D.); (H.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Timothy F. Day
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (S.-i.O.); (T.F.D.); (H.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Shin-ya Nishio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (S.-i.O.); (T.F.D.); (H.M.); (M.M.)
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Hideaki Moteki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (S.-i.O.); (T.F.D.); (H.M.); (M.M.)
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Maiko Miyagawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (S.-i.O.); (T.F.D.); (H.M.); (M.M.)
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shinya Morita
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, North-15, West-7, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan;
| | - Shuji Izumi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi 1, Niigata city, Niigata 951-8510, Japan;
| | - Tetsuo Ikezono
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saitama Medical University Faculty of Medicine, Morohongo 38, Moroyamamachi, Irumagun, Saitama-ken 350-0495, Japan;
| | - Satoko Abe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Toranomon Hosipital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan;
| | - Jun Nakayama
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shiga University School of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowacho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan;
| | - Misako Hyogo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kagii-cho, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan;
| | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women’s and Children’s Hospital, 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi, Osaka 594-1101, Japan;
| | - Natsumi Uehara
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan;
| | - Chie Oshikawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Shin-ichiro Kitajiri
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (S.-i.O.); (T.F.D.); (H.M.); (M.M.)
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Usami
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan; (S.-i.O.); (T.F.D.); (H.M.); (M.M.)
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-263-37-2666
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Ikeda T, Oka S, Shibuya T, Matsuda K, Suzuki A. Effects of short-term immobilization of the upper limb on the somatosensory pathway: a study of short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials. J Phys Ther Sci 2019; 31:603-607. [PMID: 31527993 PMCID: PMC6698469 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.31.603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Previous studies have reported that the nervous system is influenced during
short-term cast immobilization. However, the effects of short-term inactivity on
somatosensory information processing systems are not well understood. This study
investigated the effect of 10 h of upper limb immobilization on the somatosensory pathway
using short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials. [Participants and Methods] Twenty
right-handed healthy participants (mean age 21.7 years) were enrolled in this study. The
participants’ left hands and forearms were wrapped in a soft bandage at a 90° elbow flexed
position. The participants were instructed not to move their left hand for 10 h. To obtain
short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials, we used a multimodal evoked potential
system. The left median nerve was electrically stimulated at a rate of 5 Hz for a duration
of 0.2 ms. The intensity of the stimulus was adjusted to induce mild twitches of the
thumb. The amplitudes and latencies of the short-latency somatosensory evoked potential
components (N9, N13, and N20) were measured before and after immobilization. [Results] The
amplitude of the N9 component significantly increased after immobilization. [Conclusion]
Our results indicated that the changes in the excitability of the peripheral somatosensory
nerve were due to 10 h of inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Ikeda
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Toru Shibuya
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tsuruta Orthopedic Clinic, Japan
| | - Kensuke Matsuda
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Akari Suzuki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ichikawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Advanced Technology R&D Division, Japan Display Inc., Chiba, Japan
- Program in Advanced Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoshida
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Advanced Technology R&D Division, Japan Display Inc., Chiba, Japan
- Program in Advanced Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Advanced Technology R&D Division, Japan Display Inc., Chiba, Japan
- Program in Advanced Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Funahashi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Advanced Technology R&D Division, Japan Display Inc., Chiba, Japan
- Program in Advanced Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Advanced Technology R&D Division, Japan Display Inc., Chiba, Japan
- Program in Advanced Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering and Design, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Matsuda K, Hamachi N, Yamaguchi T, Oka S, Suzuki A, Shimoda T, Ikeda T, Eguchi M, Nakahara M, Nagai Y, Takano Y, Kaneko H, Morita M. A path analysis of the interdependent relationships between life space assessment scores and relevant factors in an elderly Japanese community. J Phys Ther Sci 2019; 31:326-331. [PMID: 31037003 PMCID: PMC6451960 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.31.326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the direct and indirect effects of factors
influencing the risk of life space assessment using path analysis. [Participants and
Methods] A sample of 212 elderly residents (at least 65 years old) with no clear
indications of cognitive dysfunction, visual impairment, and physical dysfunction were
recruited for the study. Data on these factors were collected from the participants at a
community gathering using measures of life space assessment, skeletal muscle mass, lower
extremity muscle strength, mobility, cognitive function, and fear of falling.
Correlational and path analyses were used to investigate the relationships between these
variables. [Results] The final path model satisfied the requisite statistical criteria,
and subsequently, the relationships between the physiological and psychological factors
associated with life space assessment were structured and represented visually. Age,
skeletal muscle mass, fear of falling, and mobility had a direct effect on life space
assessment, whereas lower extremity muscle strength and cognitive function affected it
indirectly. [Conclusion] In this study, direct and indirect effects of physiological and
psychological factors related to risk of life space assessment of the elderly were
clarified using path analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Matsuda
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Nozomi Hamachi
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Yamaguchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fukuoka International College of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Akari Suzuki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Takeyoshi Shimoda
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Takuro Ikeda
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiko Eguchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Masami Nakahara
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Nagai
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshio Takano
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Hideo Kaneko
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
| | - Masaharu Morita
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare: 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa-city, Fukuoka 831-8501, Japan
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Tomita T, Touma H, Murakumo K, Yanagisawa M, Yano N, Oka SI, Miyamoto K, Hanahara N, Sato K. Captive Birth of Tiger Shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) Reveals a Shift in Respiratory Mode during Parturition. COPEIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1643/ci-17-683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Azuma Y, Asami T, Ichiba M, Oka S, Yoshizuka H. Effect of limbering up of the muscles attached to the pelvis on the strength of upper and lower extremity and trunk muscles through the transitional network. J Phys Ther Sci 2018; 30:11-17. [PMID: 29410557 PMCID: PMC5788766 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] To study the effect that limbering up of the muscles attached to the pelvis has
on muscle strength of the trunk and upper and lower extremities, which are not being
exercised, and to investigate the possibilities for clinical application. [Subjects and
Methods] A total of 152 healthy adult men. Sthenometry was conducted using a handheld
dynamometer to assess the effect of limbering up of the upper gluteus maximus, hamstrings,
and internal abdominal oblique muscles attached to thoracolumbar fascia on the trunk and
upper and lower extremities. The exercises were slowly performed 20 repetitions. Subjects
were divided into AB group (n=49) measuring abdominal and back muscle strength, K group
(n=42) measuring knee flexor and extensor strength, and S group (n=61) measuring shoulder
flexor and external rotator strength and compared to non-exercising controls. [Results] In
the exercise groups, exercising either gluteus maximus or hamstrings significantly
increased the strength of abdominal and back muscles; exercising gluteus maximus increased
knee extensor strength, and exercising the abdominal internal oblique muscle significantly
increased knee flexor strength; and shoulder flexor strength significantly increased after
exercising gluteus maximus versus controls. [Conclusion] This may be useful in
rehabilitation of injuries to the trunk and upper and lower extremities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Azuma
- Department of Rehabilitation, Takagi Hospital: 141-11 Sakemi, Okawa-Shi, Fukuoka 831-0016, Japan.,Saga University Graduate School of Medical Science, Japan
| | - Toyoko Asami
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Saga University Hospital, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Ichiba
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Yoshizuka
- Saga University Graduate School of Medical Science, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Yanagawa Rehabilitation School, Japan
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Abstract
Crustaceans can exert a greater force using their claws than many animals can with other appendages. Furthermore, in decapods, the chela is a notable organ with multifunctional roles. The coconut crab, Birgus latro, is the largest terrestrial crustacean and has a remarkable ability to lift weights up to approximately 30 kg. However, the pinching force of this crab's chelae has not been previously investigated. In the present study, we measured the pinching force of the chelae in 29 wild coconut crabs (33-2,120 g in body weight). The maximum force ranged from 29.4 to 1,765.2 N, and showed a strong positive correlation with body mass. Based on the correlation between pinching force and body weight, the force potentially exerted by the largest crab (4 kg weight) reported in a previous study would be 3300 N, which greatly exceeds the pinching force of other crustaceans as well as the bite force of most terrestrial predators. The mighty claw is a terrestrial adaptation that is not only a weapon, which can be used to prevent predator attack and inhibit competitors, but is also a tool to hunt other terrestrial organisms with rigid exteriors, aiding in these organisms to be omnivores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ichiro Oka
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu, Okinawa 905–0206, Japan
| | - Taketeru Tomita
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu, Okinawa 905–0206, Japan
| | - Kei Miyamoto
- Okinawa Churashima Foundation, 888 Ishikawa, Motobu, Okinawa 905–0206, Japan
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Furue H, Hasegawa A, Shukuoka M, Sasaki H, Oka S, Komura S. Control of Characteristics in Polymer- Stabilized Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals by Using Binary Mixture System of Monomers. J PHOTOPOLYM SCI TEC 2015. [DOI: 10.2494/photopolymer.28.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Furue
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Atsushi Hasegawa
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Makoto Shukuoka
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Hitoshi Sasaki
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
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Mitsutake T, Chuda Y, Oka S, Hirata H, Matsuo T, Horikawa E. The Control of Postural Stability during Standing is Decreased in Stroke Patients during Active Head Rotation. J Phys Ther Sci 2014; 26:1799-801. [PMID: 25435704 PMCID: PMC4242959 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.26.1799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of active head rotation on
postural control in stroke patients during standing as compared with age-matched healthy
subjects. [Subjects and Methods] In total, 46 stroke patients and 37 age-matched healthy
subjects were recruited for the study. A stabilometer was used to assess postural
stability in participants during standing, with or without active head rotation, and with
their eyes open or closed. Subjects were asked to stand on a force plate while rotating
their head in the yaw plane at a frequency of 1.0 Hz. A metronome was used to maintain the
head rotation frequency, and the head rotation range was maintained at a total of 70°
during the postural stability examinations. [Results] The control of postural stability
during standing with active head rotation was significantly decreased in the stroke group
as compared with the healthy group with both the eyes open and closed. No significant
differences in relation to standing without head motion were observed between groups.
[Conclusion] The findings suggest that postural instability is increased in stroke
patients during active head rotation, and therefore, vestibular function in relation to
head rotation might be reduced in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa Mitsutake
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shiroishi Kyoritsu Hospital, Japan ; Division of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Graduate School of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Yuji Chuda
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shiroishi Kyoritsu Hospital, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Matsuo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shiroishi Kyoritsu Hospital, Japan
| | - Etsuo Horikawa
- Division of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Graduate School of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
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28
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Shin MR, Natsuume M, Matsumoto T, Hanaoka M, Imai M, Iijima K, Oka SI, Adachi E, Kodama H. Sense transgene-induced post-transcriptional gene silencing in tobacco compromises the splicing of endogenous counterpart genes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87869. [PMID: 24586294 PMCID: PMC3931610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sense transgene-induced post-transcriptional gene silencing (S-PTGS) is thought to be a type of RNA silencing in which ARGONAUTE1 directs the small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated cleavage of a target mRNA in the cytoplasm. Here, we report that the altered splicing of endogenous counterpart genes is a main cause for the reduction of their mature mRNA levels. After the S-PTGS of a tobacco endoplasmic reticulum ω-3 fatty acid desaturase (NtFAD3) gene, 3'-truncated, polyadenylated endo-NtFAD3 transcripts and 5'-truncated, intron-containing endo-NtFAD3 transcripts were detected in the total RNA fraction. Although transcription proceeded until the last exon of the endogenous NtFAD3 gene, intron-containing NtFAD3 transcripts accumulated in the nucleus of the S-PTGS plants. Several intron-containing NtFAD3 transcripts harboring most of the exon sequences were generated when an endogenous silencing suppressor gene, rgs-CaM, was overexpressed in the S-PTGS plants. These intron-containing NtFAD3 splice variants were generated in the presence of NtFAD3 siRNAs that are homologous to the nucleotide sequences of these splice variants. The results of this study indicate that the inhibition of endo-NtFAD3 gene expression is primarily directed via the alteration of splicing and not by cytoplasmic slicer activity. Our results suggest that the transgene and intron-containing endogenous counterpart genes are differentially suppressed in S-PTGS plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Rae Shin
- Graduate School of Advanced Integration Science, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaya Natsuume
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- Genome Research Center, NODAI Research Institute, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Misaki Imai
- Genome Research Center, NODAI Research Institute, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Iijima
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Oka
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eri Adachi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kodama
- Graduate School of Advanced Integration Science, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
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29
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Oka S, Goto Y. 49. Evaluation of right and left vestibular modulations induced by the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in the health subjects. Clin Neurophysiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2012.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Yagura C, Takamura N, Goto Y, Sugihara H, Sota T, Oka S, Shimoda T, Yoshizumi K. Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Metabolic Markers in Healthy Young Adult Men. J Phys Ther Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1589/jpts.23.845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Yagura
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Seirei Christopher University
| | - Noboru Takamura
- Department of Radiation Epidemiology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Yoshinobu Goto
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare
| | - Hajime Sugihara
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare
| | - Takeshi Sota
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tottori University Hospital
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Niisawa C, Oka SI, Kodama H, Hirai M, Kumagai Y, Mori K, Matsumoto J, Miyamoto H, Miyamoto H. Microbial analysis of a composted product of marine animal resources and isolation of bacteria antagonistic to a plant pathogen from the compost. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2008; 54:149-58. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.54.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Hirai S, Oka SI, Adachi E, Kodama H. The effects of spacer sequences on silencing efficiency of plant RNAi vectors. Plant Cell Rep 2007; 26:651-9. [PMID: 17205339 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-006-0277-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Revised: 11/19/2006] [Accepted: 11/23/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) has been used to suppress gene expression in various eukaryotic organisms. In plants, RNAi can be induced by introduction of an RNAi vector that transcribes a self-complementary hairpin RNA. Most basic RNAi constructs have an inverted repeat interrupted with a spacer sequence. To test silencing capability of RNAi constructs, we developed an in vivo assay that is based on the RNAi-mediated changes of the alpha-linolenic acid content in hairy roots. A tobacco endoplasmic reticulum omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (NtFAD3) is the main enzyme for production of alpha-linolenic acid of root membrane lipids. Tobacco hairy roots transformed with the RNAi vectors against the NtFAD3 gene showed a decrease in alpha-linolenic acid content. The frequency of RNA silencing was more affected by spacer sequence than by spacer length, at least between 100 and 1800 bp. Since significant amounts of hairpin RNA against the NtFAD3 gene remained in the transgenic plants displaying a weak silencing phenotype, low degree of silencing was attributed to low efficiency of hairpin RNA processing mediated by Dicer-like proteins. Our results show the possibility of producing a broad range of the RNAi-induced silencing phenotypes by replacing the spacer sequence of RNAi construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Hirai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
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Shimamura K, Oka SI, Shimotori Y, Ohmori T, Kodama H. Generation of secondary small interfering RNA in cell-autonomous and non-cell autonomous RNA silencing in tobacco. Plant Mol Biol 2007; 63:803-13. [PMID: 17225952 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-006-9124-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2006] [Accepted: 12/15/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) species with 21-25 nucleotides in length guide mRNA cleavage, translational arrest, and heterochromatin formation in RNA interference (RNAi). To delineate the target region of RNAi, a construct harboring a transcriptional fusion between parts of the target mRNA and the beta-glucuronidase gene was biolistically delivered into tobacco leaves showing an RNAi phenotype and the assay sequence was transiently expressed. The RNAi effect was monitored by amplification of this chimeric transcript. By using this assay method, we addressed the transitive RNA silencing of a tobacco endoplasmic reticulum omega-3 fatty acid desaturase gene (NtFAD3). In the NtFAD3 RNAi plants, the target region of RNAi was restricted in the inducer region corresponding to a stem sequence of the hairpin double-stranded RNA, indicating that endogenous NtFAD3 mRNA was not a template for an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The secondary NtFAD3 siRNAs were produced in the crossbred plants between the NtFAD3 overexpressed plant and the NtFAD3 RNAi plant. Similarly, the secondary siRNAs were generated in the systemically silenced scion. Although these secondary siRNAs originated preferentially from the 3' region downstream of the inducer region, the secondary siRNAs produced in the silenced scion (non-cell autonomous secondary siRNAs) resulted in the strong degradation of the target mRNA, but the secondary siRNAs in the crossbred plants (cell-autonomous secondary siRNAs) showed limited RNA degradation activity. These results showed that this in vivo assay for determination of RNAi efficiency is a useful tool to delineate RNAi mechanisms.
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Abstract
To understand the DNA recognition mechanism of zinc finger motifs of transcription factor Sp1, we have determined the solution structure of DNA-binding domain of the Sp1 by solution NMR techniques. The DNA-binding domain of Sp1 consists of three Cys(2)His(2)-type zinc finger motifs. They have typical betabetaalpha zinc finger folds and relatively random orientations. From DNA-binding analysis performed by NMR and comparison between structures determined here and previously reported structures of other zinc fingers, it was assumed that DNA recognition modes of fingers 2 and 3 would be similar to those of fingers of Zif268, in which each finger recognizes four base pairs strictly by using residues at positions -1, 2, 3, and 6 of the recognition helix. On the contrary, finger 1 can use only two residues for DNA recognition, Lys550 and His553 at positions -1 and 3 of the helix, and has more relaxed sequence and site specificity than other Cys(2)His(2) zinc fingers. It is proposed that this relaxed property of finger 1 allows transcription factor Sp1 to bind various DNA sequences with high affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Oka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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35
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Oka S, Mitsumoto T, Kimura M, Akahane T. Relationship between surface order and surface azimuthal anchoring strength of nematic liquid crystals. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2004; 69:061711. [PMID: 15244602 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.69.061711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The liquid-crystal molecular order near the rubbed polymer surface is reexamined by the improved torque balance method. The surface azimuthal anchoring strength measured by the improved torque balance method is several times larger than that believed conventionally, considered to be significantly affected by the phase-transition behavior. Based on this result, it can be argued that the correlation between the rubbing strength and the surface azimuthal anchoring strength should be improved in consideration of the mechanism of surface order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Oka
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan.
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36
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Yoshida T, Oka S, Uchiyama S, Nakano H, Kawasaki T, Ohkubo T, Kobayashi Y. Characteristic domain motion in the ribosome recycling factor revealed by 15N NMR relaxation experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. Biochemistry 2003; 42:4101-7. [PMID: 12680764 DOI: 10.1021/bi027191y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The backbone dynamics of ribosome recycling factor (RRF) from Escherichia coli in water were characterized by (15)N NMR relaxation analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. RRF is composed of two domains connected by a joint region that consists of two peptide chains, such that the overall structure seems to mimic that of tRNA. MD trajectories indicated that the relative orientation of domains varies on the nanosecond time scale. We analyzed the observed (15)N T(1), T(2), and NOE using an extended model-free spectral density function in which the domain motions with a nanosecond time scale were considered. At 30 degrees C, the order parameters of slow motion () were determined to be approximately 0.9 for domain I and 0.7 for domain II, respectively. These values indicate that domain I is nearly fixed on the molecular diffusion frame, and domain II is wobbling in a cone for which the semi-angle is about 30 degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yoshida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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37
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Yoshida T, Kijima H, Oka S, Uchiyama S, Nakano H, Ohkubo T, Kobayashi Y. Backbone NMR assignments of ribosome recycling factors (RRFs) from Escherichia coli and Tthermotoga maritima. J Biomol NMR 2002; 22:195-196. [PMID: 11883785 DOI: 10.1023/a:1014273221079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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38
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Nakayama EE, Hoshino Y, Xin X, Liu H, Goto M, Watanabe N, Taguchi H, Hitani A, Kawana-Tachikawa A, Fukushima M, Yamada K, Sugiura W, Oka SI, Ajisawa A, Sato H, Takebe Y, Nakamura T, Nagai Y, Iwamoto A, Shioda T. Polymorphism in the interleukin-4 promoter affects acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 syncytium-inducing phenotype. J Virol 2000; 74:5452-9. [PMID: 10823849 PMCID: PMC112029 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.74.12.5452-5459.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of syncytium-inducing (SI) variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in infected individuals is an indicator of poor prognosis and is often correlated with faster CD4(+) cell depletion and rapid disease progression. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a pleiotropic cytokine with various immune-modulating functions including induction of immunoglobulin E (IgE) production in B cells, down-regulation of CCR5 (a coreceptor for HIV-1 non-SI [NSI] strains), and up-regulation of CXCR4 (a coreceptor for HIV-1 SI variants). Here we show that homozygosity of a polymorphism in the IL-4 promoter region, IL-4 -589T, is correlated with increased rates of SI variant acquisition in HIV-1-infected individuals in Japan. This mutation was also shown to be associated with elevated serum IgE levels in HIV-1-infected individuals, especially in those at advanced stages of disease. In contrast, neither a triallele polymorphism in IL-10, another Th2 cytokine, nor a biallele polymorphism in the RANTES promoter affected acquisition of the SI phenotype. This finding suggested that IL-4-589T increases IL-4 production in the human body and thus accelerates the phenotypic switch of HIV-1 from NSI to SI and possibly disease progression of AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Nakayama
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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39
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Kamata H, Shibukawa Y, Oka SI, Hirata H. Epidermal growth factor receptor is modulated by redox through multiple mechanisms. Effects of reductants and H2O2. Eur J Biochem 2000; 267:1933-44. [PMID: 10727932 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01194.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The cellular redox state has been shown to play an essential role in cellular signaling systems. Here we investigate the effects of reductants and H2O2 on the signaling of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in cells. H2O2 induced the phosphorylation of the EGF receptor and the formation of a receptor complex comprising Shc, Grb2, Sos, and the EGF receptor. Dimerization or oligomerization of the EGF receptor was not induced by H2O2. Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) assay showed that H2O2 suppressed dephosphorylation of the EGF receptor in cell lysates, suggesting that inactivation of PTP was involved in H2O2-induced activation of the EGF receptor. In contrast, the reductants N-acetyl-L-cysteine [Cys(Ac)] and dithiothreitol markedly suppressed EGF-induced dimerization and activation of the EGF receptor in cells. In accordance with suppression of the EGF receptor, Cys(Ac) suppressed EGF-induced activation of Ras, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase. Dithiothreitol completely inhibited EGF binding and kinase activation of the EGF receptor both in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, Cys(Ac) suppressed high-affinity EGF-binding sites on the cells, but had no effect on low-affinity binding sites. Furthermore, Cys(Ac) did not suppress EGF-induced kinase activation or dimerization of the EGF receptor in vitro, indicating that it suppressed the EGF receptor through a redox-sensitive cellular process or processes. Thus, the EGF receptor is regulated by redox through multiple steps including dephosphorylation by PTP, ligand binding, and a Cys(Ac)-sensitive cellular process or processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kamata
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Himeji Institute of Technology, Akoh-gun, Hyogo, Japan.
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40
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Toriyoshi H, Shioda T, Sato H, Sakaguchi M, Eda Y, Tokiyoshi S, Kato K, Nohtomi K, Kusagawa S, Taniguchi K, Shiino T, Kato A, Foongladda S, Linkanonsakul S, Oka SI, Iwamoto A, Wasi C, Nagai Y, Takebe Y. Sendai virus-based production of HIV type 1 subtype B and subtype E envelope glycoprotein 120 antigens and their use for highly sensitive detection of subtype-specific serum antibodies. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1999; 15:1109-20. [PMID: 10461831 DOI: 10.1089/088922299310403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously described a Sendai virus (SeV)-based expression system for the recombinant gp120 of HIV-1 subtype B (rgp120-B), which has permitted the production of antigenetically and functionally authentic gp120 at a concentration as high as 6 microg/ml of culture supernatant (Yu D et al.: Genes Cells 1997;2:457-466). Here the same procedure was successfully applied to the production of HIV-1 subtype E gp120 (rgp120-E). The remarkable production of the proteins by the SeV expression system enabled us to use crude culture supernatants for serological and functional studies of gp120s. The immunological authenticity of rgp120-E was verified by patient sera and anti-V3 loop monoclonal antibodies specific for HIV-1 subtypes B and E. CD4-binding properties were corroborated by FACS analyses. The rgp120s were then used in an enzyme immunoassay (rgp120-EIA) to detect antibodies in the sera of HIV-1-infected individuals, and the performance was assessed in comparison with a conventional V3 loop peptide EIA (V3-EIA). The initial evaluation of a serum panel (n = 164) consisting of 76 subtype E and 88 subtype B sera revealed that the rgp120-EIA was nearly 1000-fold more sensitive than the V3-EIA and was able to detect subtype-specific antibody with 100% sensitivity and with a complete correlation with the genotypes, whereas the V3-EIA failed to detect 9 and 24% of the same subtype E and B sera, respectively. Furthermore, a study employing a panel of 28 international sera with known genotypes (HIV-1 subtypes A through F) confirmed the remarkable specificity of this method. An EIA reactivity higher than 1.0 was an unambiguous predictor of HIV-1 subtype E and B infections. The data imply the presence of strong subtype-specific epitopes for antibody bindings to these rgp120s.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Toriyoshi
- AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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