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Imai Y, Sakurai M, Nakagawa H, Hirata A, Murakami Y, Kiyohara Y, Ninomiya T, Ishikawa S, Saitoh S, Irie F, Sairenchi T, Kiyama M, Miura K, Ueshima H, Okamura T. Impact of Proteinuria and Low eGFR on Lifetime Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Death: A Pooled Analysis of Data From the Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention From Observational Cohorts in Japan Study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): H20–Junkankitou [Seishuu]–Ippan–013; H23–Junkankitou [Seishuu]–Ippan–005; H26-Junkankitou [Seisaku]-Ippan-001; H29–Junkankitou–Ippan–003 and 20FA1002
OnBehalf
EPOCH-JAPAN
Introduction
Absolute risk of Lifetime risk (LTR) is useful estimate for risk communication compared with short term risk or relative risk especially for young people. Proteinuria is leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although nonproteinuric renal disease is global burden of ESKD, it has been poorly focused. To date, there have been no reports of impact of proteinuria and low eGFR on LTR with the outcome of CVD death in Asian population.
Purpose
We aimed to estimate LTR of CVD death stratified by the status of proteinuria and low eGFR.
Methods
We used modified Kaplan-Meier approach to estimate the remaining lifetime risk of cardiovascular death based on EPOCH-JAPAN(Evidence for Cardiovascular Prevention From Observational Cohorts in Japan) database. LTR was estimated at each index age starting from 40 years for those with proteinuria and without proteinuria stratified by low eGFR, which is defined as eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m². Participants were classified into three groups, which were those with proteinuria (Proteinuria (+)), those without proteinuria with low eGFR (Proteinuria (-)/Low eGFR (+)), those without proteinuria without low eGFR (Proteinuria (-)/Low eGFR (-)).
Results
A total of 47,292 participants from 9 cohorts was included in the analysis. Mean follow-up period was 14.6 years with 690,463 person years and total CVD death was 1,075 in men and 1,193 in women. The LTRs at the index age of 40 years were as follows: 17.7% (95% confidence interval: 15.4 – 19.0%) in Proteinuria (-)/Low eGFR (-) group, 26.2% (20.2 – 31.1%) in Proteinuria (-)/low eGFR (+) group, 24.5% (15.1 – 29.3%) in Proteinuria (+) group for men; 15.3%(13.7 – 16.5%), 29.9%(14.7 – 46.8%) , 28.3%(19.4 – 34.7%) for women.
Conclusions
We observed that those without proteinuria with low eGFR have equivalently high LTR with those with proteinuria. These results indicate that even in the absence of proteinuria, low eGFR has high impact on LTR. Lifestyle modification from young age is necessary to prevent from renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Imai
- Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Sakurai
- Kanazawa Medical University, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - H Nakagawa
- Kanazawa Medical University, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - A Hirata
- Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Murakami
- Toho University, Department of Medical Statistics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Kiyohara
- Hisayama Research Institute for Lifestyle Disease, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - T Ninomiya
- Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Ishikawa
- Jichi Medical University, Medical Education Center, Tochigi, Japan
| | - S Saitoh
- Sapporo Medical University School of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - F Irie
- Ibaraki Prefectural Office, Department of Health and Welfare, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Sairenchi
- Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Tochigi, Japan
| | - M Kiyama
- Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Miura
- Shiga University of Medical Science, Department of Public Health, Shiga, Japan
| | - H Ueshima
- Shiga University of Medical Science, Department of Public Health, Shiga, Japan
| | - T Okamura
- Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Yamauchi H, Kondo K, Tanaka S, Okuda N, Nakagawa H, Sakata K, Saitoh S, Okayama A, Yoshita K, Miura K, Chan Q, Masaki K, Elliott P, Stamler J, Ueshima H. P6234The relationship of alcohol consumption with risk factors of coronary heart disease and the intake of macro- and micro-nutrients in Japanese: the INTERLIPID study. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Many studies have reported the J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk; therefore, light-drinkers is generally recognized to be associated with the lower risk of CHD. However, the mechanisms of lower risk for CHD in light-drinkers are still unclear. Alcohol drinking status is likely to be associated with not only CHD risk factors but also dietary intake. Nevertheless, few studies report these relationships in detail.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationships of alcohol drinking status with CHD classical risk factors and the intake of macro- and micro- nutrients in Japanese.
Methods
Study participants were 1,090 Japanese men and women aged 40–59 years from The INTERLIPID study excepted for 55 individuals who had missing data (n=26) and were past-drinkers (n=29). Alcohol consumption was assessed with two 7-day alcohol records, and average ethanol intake (per week) was calculated. Participants were classified into following 4 groups: non-drinkers (0g/week), light-drinkers (<100 g/week), moderate-drinkers (100–299 g/week), and heavy-drinkers (≥300 g/week). Serum LDL and HDL cholesterol, blood pressure (BP), the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia, and smoking status were assessed as CHD risk factors. The intake of energy and macro- and micro-nutrients were evaluated from the four-timed in-depth 24-hr dietary recalls. Nutrient intake densities were calculated per total energy intake without alcohol. The analysis of variance and chi-squared test were used to evaluate the relations of alcohol status with CHD risk factors and nutrient intake.
Results
Serum HDL cholesterol levels increased and LDL cholesterol levels decreased with increasing alcohol consumption. Systolic and diastolic BP increased with increasing alcohol consumption. J-shaped relationships with alcohol consumption were observed for the proportion of current smoker, number of cigarettes, and the prevalence of hypertension; that is, light-drinkers was lowest among all groups. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was the highest in non-drinkers, and decreased with increasing alcohol consumption. In heavy-drinkers, total energy (kcal/day) was the highest, but energy intake without alcohol (kcal/day) was the lowest. For macronutrients, the intake of carbohydrate (%kcal) decreased, and the intakes of total and animal protein (%kcal) increased with increasing alcohol consumption. The intakes of total cholesterol (mg/1000kcal) and sodium (mg/1000kcal) increased, and total fiber (g/1000kcal) decreased with increasing alcohol consumption. These associations were similar in men and women.
Conclusions
Alcohol consumption was related with not only CHD classical risk factors but also the intake of macro- and micro-nutrients. Non-drinkers had a higher proportion of some CHD risk factors than light-drinkers. These results might influence on J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and CHD risk.
Acknowledgement/Funding
1: Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, and Culture of Japan, 2: National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yamauchi
- Shiga University of Medical Science, Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga, Japan
| | - K Kondo
- Shiga University of Medical Science, Department of Public Health, Shiga, Japan
| | - S Tanaka
- Shiga University of Medical Science, Department of Medical Statistics, Shiga, Japan
| | - N Okuda
- University of Human Arts and Sciences, Department of Health and Nutrition, Saitama, Japan
| | - H Nakagawa
- Kanazawa Medical University, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - K Sakata
- Iwate Medical University, Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate, Japan
| | - S Saitoh
- Sapporo Medical University, School of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - A Okayama
- Research Institute of Strategy for Prevention, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Yoshita
- Osaka City University, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Miura
- Shiga University of Medical Science, Department of Public Health, Shiga, Japan
| | - Q Chan
- Imperial College London, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Masaki
- University of Hawaii and Kuakini Medical Center, Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, United States of America
| | - P Elliott
- Imperial College London, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Stamler
- Northwestern University, Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, United States of America
| | - H Ueshima
- Shiga University of Medical Science, Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga, Japan
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Tanabe S, Saitoh S, Miyajima H, Itokazu T, Yamashita T. Microglia suppress the secondary progression of autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Glia 2019; 67:1694-1704. [PMID: 31106910 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, sensory deficits, and visual problems. The pathological mechanism of SPMS remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of microglia, immune cells in the CNS, in a secondary progressive form of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the mouse model of SPMS. We induced EAE in nonobese diabetic mice and treated the EAE mice with PLX3397, an antagonist of colony stimulating factor-1 receptor, during secondary progression in order to deplete microglia. The results showed that PLX3397 treatment significantly exacerbated secondary progression of EAE and increased mortality rates. Additionally, histological analysis showed that PLX3397 treatment significantly promoted inflammation, demyelination, and axonal degeneration. Moreover, the number of CD4+ T cells in the spinal cord of EAE mice was expanded due to PLX3397-mediated proliferation. These results suggest that microglia suppressed secondary progression of EAE by inhibiting the proliferation of CD4+ T cells in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Tanabe
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, World Premier International, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shohei Saitoh
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisao Miyajima
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahide Itokazu
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Neuro-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihide Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, World Premier International, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Neuro-Medical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan.,Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan
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Tsuji Y, Yuki S, Sawada K, Muranaka T, Kobayashi Y, Okuda H, Ogawa K, Minami S, Honda T, Dazai M, Kato T, Sasaki T, Shindo Y, Ota S, Sato A, Ueda A, Saitoh S, Nagai H, Sakata Y, Komatsu Y. HGCSG1503: A retrospective cohort study evaluating the safety and efficacy of TAS-102 in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: Analysis of cases of prior regorafenib. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy431.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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5
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Gnatiuc L, Herrington WG, Halsey J, Tuomilehto J, Fang X, Kim HC, De Bacquer D, Dobson AJ, Criqui MH, Jacobs DR, Leon DA, Peters SAE, Ueshima H, Sherliker P, Peto R, Collins R, Huxley RR, Emberson JR, Woodward M, Lewington S, Aoki N, Arima H, Arnesen E, Aromaa A, Assmann G, Bachman DL, Baigent C, Bartholomew H, Benetos A, Bengtsson C, Bennett D, Björkelund C, Blackburn H, Bonaa K, Boyle E, Broadhurst R, Carstensen J, Chambless L, Chen Z, Chew SK, Clarke R, Cox C, Curb JD, D'Agostino R, Date C, Davey Smith G, De Backer G, Dhaliwal SS, Duan XF, Ducimetiere P, Duffy S, Eliassen H, Elwood P, Empana J, Garcia-Palmieri MH, Gazes P, Giles GG, Gillis C, Goldbourt U, Gu DF, Guasch-Ferre M, Guize L, Haheim L, Hart C, Hashimoto S, Hashimoto T, Heng D, Hjermann I, Ho SC, Hobbs M, Hole D, Holme I, Horibe H, Hozawa A, Hu F, Hughes K, Iida M, Imai K, Imai Y, Iso H, Jackson R, Jamrozik K, Jee SH, Jensen G, Jiang CQ, Johansen NB, Jorgensen T, Jousilahti P, Kagaya M, Keil J, Keller J, Kim IS, Kita Y, Kitamura A, Kiyohara Y, Knekt P, Knuiman M, Kornitzer M, Kromhout D, Kronmal R, Lam TH, Law M, Lee J, Leren P, Levy D, Li YH, Lissner L, Luepker R, Luszcz M, MacMahon S, Maegawa H, Marmot M, Matsutani Y, Meade T, Morris J, Morris R, Murayama T, Naito Y, Nakachi K, Nakamura M, Nakayama T, Neaton J, Nietert PJ, Nishimoto Y, Norton R, Nozaki A, Ohkubo T, Okayama A, Pan WH, Puska P, Qizilbash N, Reunanen A, Rimm E, Rodgers A, Saitoh S, Sakata K, Sato S, Schnohr P, Schulte H, Selmer R, Sharp D, Shifu X, Shimamoto K, Shipley M, Silbershatz H, Sorlie P, Sritara P, Suh I, Sutherland SE, Sweetnam P, Tamakoshi A, Tanaka H, Thomsen T, Tominaga S, Tomita M, Törnberg S, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Tverdal A, Ueshima H, Vartiainen E, Wald N, Wannamethee SG, Welborn TA, Whincup P, Whitlock G, Willett W, Woo J, Wu ZL, Yao SX, Yarnell J, Yokoyama T, Yoshiike N, Zhang XH. Sex-specific relevance of diabetes to occlusive vascular and other mortality: a collaborative meta-analysis of individual data from 980 793 adults from 68 prospective studies. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2018; 6:538-546. [PMID: 29752194 PMCID: PMC6008496 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(18)30079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that diabetes confers a higher relative risk of vascular mortality among women than among men, but whether this increased relative risk in women exists across age groups and within defined levels of other risk factors is uncertain. We aimed to determine whether differences in established risk factors, such as blood pressure, BMI, smoking, and cholesterol, explain the higher relative risks of vascular mortality among women than among men. METHODS In our meta-analysis, we obtained individual participant-level data from studies included in the Prospective Studies Collaboration and the Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration that had obtained baseline information on age, sex, diabetes, total cholesterol, blood pressure, tobacco use, height, and weight. Data on causes of death were obtained from medical death certificates. We used Cox regression models to assess the relevance of diabetes (any type) to occlusive vascular mortality (ischaemic heart disease, ischaemic stroke, or other atherosclerotic deaths) by age, sex, and other major vascular risk factors, and to assess whether the associations of blood pressure, total cholesterol, and body-mass index (BMI) to occlusive vascular mortality are modified by diabetes. RESULTS Individual participant-level data were analysed from 980 793 adults. During 9·8 million person-years of follow-up, among participants aged between 35 and 89 years, 19 686 (25·6%) of 76 965 deaths were attributed to occlusive vascular disease. After controlling for major vascular risk factors, diabetes roughly doubled occlusive vascular mortality risk among men (death rate ratio [RR] 2·10, 95% CI 1·97-2·24) and tripled risk among women (3·00, 2·71-3·33; χ2 test for heterogeneity p<0·0001). For both sexes combined, the occlusive vascular death RRs were higher in younger individuals (aged 35-59 years: 2·60, 2·30-2·94) than in older individuals (aged 70-89 years: 2·01, 1·85-2·19; p=0·0001 for trend across age groups), and, across age groups, the death RRs were higher among women than among men. Therefore, women aged 35-59 years had the highest death RR across all age and sex groups (5·55, 4·15-7·44). However, since underlying confounder-adjusted occlusive vascular mortality rates at any age were higher in men than in women, the adjusted absolute excess occlusive vascular mortality associated with diabetes was similar for men and women. At ages 35-59 years, the excess absolute risk was 0·05% (95% CI 0·03-0·07) per year in women compared with 0·08% (0·05-0·10) per year in men; the corresponding excess at ages 70-89 years was 1·08% (0·84-1·32) per year in women and 0·91% (0·77-1·05) per year in men. Total cholesterol, blood pressure, and BMI each showed continuous log-linear associations with occlusive vascular mortality that were similar among individuals with and without diabetes across both sexes. INTERPRETATION Independent of other major vascular risk factors, diabetes substantially increased vascular risk in both men and women. Lifestyle changes to reduce smoking and obesity and use of cost-effective drugs that target major vascular risks (eg, statins and antihypertensive drugs) are important in both men and women with diabetes, but might not reduce the relative excess risk of occlusive vascular disease in women with diabetes, which remains unexplained. FUNDING UK Medical Research Council, British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, European Union BIOMED programme, and National Institute on Aging (US National Institutes of Health).
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6
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Hatanaka K, Yuki S, Nakano S, Sawada K, Harada K, Okuda H, Ando T, Ogawa K, Furukawa K, Minami S, Saiki T, Ohta T, Kato T, Nakajima J, Sasaki T, Saitoh S, Shindo Y, Tateyama M, Kato S, Nagai H, Sakata Y, Komatsu Y. HGCSG1503: A retrospective cohort study evaluating the safety and efficacy of TAS-102 in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: Analysis of GERCOR index. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy151.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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7
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Mitani T, Elmarhomy AIE, Dulamjav L, Anu E, Saitoh S, Ishida S, Oyama Y. Zinc-related actions of sublethal levels of benzalkonium chloride: Potentiation of benzalkonium cytotoxicity by zinc. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 268:31-36. [PMID: 28257953 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Benzalkonium chloride (BZK) is a common preservative used in pharmaceutical and personal care products. ZnCl2 was recently reported to significantly potentiate the cytotoxicity of some biocidal compounds. In the present study, therefore, we compared the cytotoxic potency of BZK and then further studied the Zn2+-related actions of the most cytotoxic agent among BZK, using flow cytometric techniques with appropriate fluorescent probes in rat thymocytes. Cytotoxicity of benzylcetyldimethylammonium (BZK-C16) was more potent that those of benzyldodecyldimethylammonium and benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium. ZnCl2 (1-10 μM) significantly potentiated the cytotoxicity of BZK-C16 at a sublethal concentration (1 μM). The co-treatment of cells with 3 μM ZnCl2 and 1 μM BZK-C16 increased the population of both living cells with phosphatidylserine exposed on membrane surfaces and dead cells. BZK-C16 at 0.3-1.0 μM elevated intracellular Zn2+ levels by increasing Zn2+ influx, and augmented the cytotoxicity of 100 μM H2O2. Zn2+ is concluded to facilitate the toxicity of BZK. We suggest that the toxicity of BZK is determined after taking extracellular (plasma) and/or environmental Zn2+ levels into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Mitani
- Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | | | - Luvsandorj Dulamjav
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | - Enkhtumur Anu
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | - Shohei Saitoh
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shiro Ishida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima 770-8512, Japan
| | - Yasuo Oyama
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan; Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan.
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8
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Nonami K, Saitoh S, Nishimura-Danjobara Y, Ishida S, Oyama Y. Chlorhexidine possesses unique cytotoxic actions in rat thymic lymphocytes: Its relation with electrochemical property of membranes. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 48:17-21. [PMID: 27716531 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chlorhexidine (CHX) is an antibacterial agent used in various types of pharmaceutical products. Therefore, CHX is easily found around us. Owing to its positive charge, the electrochemical property of cell membranes was assumed to be a key point of cytotoxic action of CHX. Depolarization of membranes attenuated the cytotoxic action of CHX in rat thymic lymphocytes. CHX interfered with annexin V binding to membranes. Manipulations to induce exposure of phosphatidylserine on the outer membrane surface augmented the cytotoxic action of CHX, indicating that changes in the electrochemical property of membranes affected the cytotoxic action of CHX. Hence, CHX might kill cells physiologically undergoing apoptosis, resulting instead in necrotic cell death. However, the threshold CHX concentration in this in vitro study was slightly higher than blood CHX concentrations observed clinically. Therefore, these results may support the safety of CHX use although CHX possesses unique cytotoxic actions described in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Nonami
- Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | - Shohei Saitoh
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | - Shiro Ishida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima 770-8512, Japan
| | - Yasuo Oyama
- Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan; Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan.
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9
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Niwa E, Mitani T, Saitoh S, Kanemaru K, Ishida S, Yokoigawa K, Oyama Y. Zinc increases vulnerability of rat thymic lymphocytes to arachidonic acid under in vitro conditions. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 96:177-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Suzuki T, Miyake N, Tsurusaki Y, Okamoto N, Alkindy A, Inaba A, Sato M, Ito S, Muramatsu K, Kimura S, Ieda D, Saitoh S, Hiyane M, Suzumura H, Yagyu K, Shiraishi H, Nakajima M, Fueki N, Habata Y, Ueda Y, Komatsu Y, Yan K, Shimoda K, Shitara Y, Mizuno S, Ichinomiya K, Sameshima K, Tsuyusaki Y, Kurosawa K, Sakai Y, Haginoya K, Kobayashi Y, Yoshizawa C, Hisano M, Nakashima M, Saitsu H, Takeda S, Matsumoto N. Molecular genetic analysis of 30 families with Joubert syndrome. Clin Genet 2016; 90:526-535. [PMID: 27434533 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Joubert syndrome (JS) is rare recessive disorders characterized by the combination of hypoplasia/aplasia of the cerebellar vermis, thickened and elongated superior cerebellar peduncles, and a deep interpeduncular fossa which is defined by neuroimaging and is termed the 'molar tooth sign'. JS is genetically highly heterogeneous, with at least 29 disease genes being involved. To further understand the genetic causes of JS, we performed whole-exome sequencing in 24 newly recruited JS families. Together with six previously reported families, we identified causative mutations in 25 out of 30 (24 + 6) families (83.3%). We identified eight mutated genes in 27 (21 + 6) Japanese families, TMEM67 (7/27, 25.9%) and CEP290 (6/27, 22.2%) were the most commonly mutated. Interestingly, 9 of 12 CEP290 disease alleles were c.6012-12T>A (75.0%), an allele that has not been reported in non-Japanese populations. Therefore c.6012-12T>A is a common allele in the Japanese population. Importantly, one Japanese and one Omani families carried compound biallelic mutations in two distinct genes (TMEM67/RPGRIP1L and TMEM138/BBS1, respectively). BBS1 is the causative gene in Bardet-Biedl syndrome. These concomitant mutations led to severe and/or complex clinical features in the patients, suggesting combined effects of different mutant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Suzuki
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Tsurusaki
- Clinical Research Institute, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - N Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Alkindy
- Department of Genetics, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - A Inaba
- Yokohama City University Medical Center, Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - M Sato
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate school of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - K Muramatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - S Kimura
- Kumamoto City Child Development Support Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - D Ieda
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - S Saitoh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Hiyane
- Division of Child Neurology, Okinawa Prefectural Southern Medical Center & Children's Medical Center, Okinawa, Japan
| | - H Suzumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - K Yagyu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - H Shiraishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M Nakajima
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - N Fueki
- Division of Rehabilitation, Nagano Children's Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | - Y Habata
- Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, Hokkaido Medical Center for Child Health and Rehabilitation, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Y Ueda
- Nire-no-kai Children's Clinic, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Y Komatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Shimoda
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Shitara
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Mizuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Human Service Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - K Ichinomiya
- Department of Neonatology, Gunma Children's Medical Center, Gunma, Japan
| | - K Sameshima
- Division of Medical Genetics, Gunma Children's Medical Center, Gunma, Japan
| | - Y Tsuyusaki
- Division of Neurology, Clinical Research Institute, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - K Kurosawa
- Division of Medical Genetics, Clinical Research Institute, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - K Haginoya
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Y Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.,Academic Renal Unit, School of Clinical Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - C Yoshizawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - M Hisano
- Department of Nephrology, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Nakashima
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - H Saitsu
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - S Takeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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11
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Goto T, Sugiura T, Awaya R, Ueda H, Mizutani E, Ito K, Nagasaki R, Kato T, Saitoh S. Survival of fetuses with severe oligohydramnios. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2016. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog2068.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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12
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Goto T, Sugiura T, Awaya R, Ueda H, Mizutani E, Ito K, Nagasaki R, Kato T, Saitoh S. Survival of fetuses with severe oligohydramnios. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2016; 43:341-344. [PMID: 27328487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to identify predictive data on the short-term outcomes of fetuses with oligohydramnios. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study of all pregnancies diagnosed with oligohydramnios was performed. RESULTS A total of 17 fetuses (seven males, seven females, and three unknown) with oligohydramnios were treated from 2004 to 2011. Oligohydramnios was first diagnosed at a 21.6 ± 4.2 weeks gestation. Terminations of pregnancy before 22 weeks were identified in five cases, and intrauterine fetal deaths occurred in two cases. Ten neonates were born alive, five cases survived over 28 days, and five cases died within 48 hours. Prognostic factors for survival included birth weight (2,457 ± 480 grams in survivors vs. 1973 ± 124 grams in non-survivors; p < 0.05) and the mean amniotic fluid index (AFI) (2.32 ± 1.19 cm in survivors vs. 0.46 ± 0.68 cm in non-survivors;p < 0.05). CONCLUSION All patients who survived had a mean AFI > 1.0 cm.
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13
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Okamoto N, Miya F, Tsunoda T, Kato M, Saitoh S, Yamasaki M, Shimizu A, Torii C, Kanemura Y, Kosaki K. Targeted next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders. Clin Genet 2015; 88:288-92. [PMID: 25156961 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We developed a next-generation sequencing (NGS) based mutation screening strategy for neurodevelopmental diseases. Using this system, we screened 284 genes in 40 patients. Several novel mutations were discovered. Patient 1 had a novel mutation in ACTB. Her dysmorphic feature was mild for Baraitser-Winter syndrome. Patient 2 had a truncating mutation of DYRK1A. She lacked microcephaly, which was previously assumed to be a constant feature of DYRK1A loss of function. Patient 3 had a novel mutation in GABRD gene. She showed Rett syndrome like features. Patient 4 was diagnosed with Noonan syndrome with PTPN11 mutation. He showed complete agenesis of corpus callosum. We have discussed these novel findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - F Miya
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - T Tsunoda
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, RIKEN, Yokohama, Japan
| | - M Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - S Saitoh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Yamasaki
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Takatsuki General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Shimizu
- Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - C Torii
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Kanemura
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Clinical Research, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Saitoh S, Fukunaga E, Ohtani H, Oyama Y. Zn(2+)-dependence of the synergistic increase in rat thymocyte cell lethality caused by simultaneous application of 4,5-dichloro-2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (DCOIT) and H2O2. Chemosphere 2015; 135:447-452. [PMID: 25582392 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
4,5-Dichloro-2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (DCOIT) is an antifouling agent that is an alternative to organotins such as tributyltin (TBT). Because DCOIT decreases catalase activity, it may increase the susceptibility of cells to oxidative stress. We examined the effects of DCOIT on rat thymocytes suffering from oxidative stress induced by H2O2. The simultaneous application of DCOIT and H2O2 induced a synergistic increase in cell lethality that was completely suppressed by chelating intracellular Zn(2+). Intracellular Zn(2+) concentration was increased by DCOIT at concentrations ranging from 0.1 μM to 3 μM. Although the increase in cell lethality produced by DCOIT alone was less than that produced by TBT alone, a synergistic increase was not induced by the combination of TBT and H2O2. Therefore, these results suggest that DCOIT increases vulnerability to oxidative stress and is more cytotoxic than TBT when oxidative stress is induced by H2O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Saitoh
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | - Eri Fukunaga
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | - Hana Ohtani
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | - Yasuo Oyama
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan.
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15
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Fukunaga E, Enma K, Saitoh S, Nishimura-Danjyobara Y, Oyama Y, Akaike N. Increase in intracellular Ca(2+) level by phenylsulfamide fungicides, tolylfluanid and dichlofluanid, in rat thymic lymphocytes. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2015; 40:149-155. [PMID: 26119233 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tolylfluanid, a phenylsulfamide fungicide, is one of the many pesticides that are frequently detected in crops. Therefore, its health risk is a concern. Micromolar concentrations of tolylfluanid induce chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in mammalian lymphocytes. The findings prompted us to study the cellular actions of tolylfluanid and another frequently detected pesticide, dichlofluanid, at submicromolar and micromolar concentrations. Of the cellular actions of chemicals, the action on cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis is important since Ca(2+) is involved in cell signaling and death. Consequently, in this study, the effects of phenylsulfamide fungicides were examined on rat thymocytes by using fluorescent probes in order to further characterize the cellular actions of phenylsulfamide fungicides. Both phenylsulfamide fungicides exhibited biphasic, early and late, increase in intracellular Ca(2+) levels. The early phase was dependent on intracellular Ca(2+) release and increased membrane Ca(2+) permeability. The late phase was owing to Ca(2+) influx via activation of store-operated Ca(2+) channels and the further increase of membrane ionic permeability. Voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels were not involved. The increases in intracellular Ca(2+) levels by phenylsulfamide fungicides were observed at drug concentrations of 0.1 μM or more (up to 10 μM). Thus, it is plausible that micromolar concentrations of phenylsulfamide fungicides deregulate intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis in rat thymocytes. Both phenylsulfamide fungicides at 10 μM promoted the transition from intact living cells to living cells with phosphatidylserine-exposed membranes. This was not the case for phenylsulfamide fungicides at 3 μM. The potency of tolylfluanid was similar to that of dichlofluanid. Although the information on residual concentrations of tolylfluanid and dichlofluanid is very limited, their residual concentrations do not reach micromolar levels. It is unlikely that humans will develop adverse effects on exposure to phenylsulfamide fungicides under present environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Fukunaga
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | - Kana Enma
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | - Shohei Saitoh
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | | | - Yasuo Oyama
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan.
| | - Norio Akaike
- Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto 861-5598, Japan
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16
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Ueda H, Sugiura T, Katano K, Matsuhashi M, Kato S, Ito K, Nagasaki R, Kato T, Tsuno NH, Saitoh S. Perinatal management of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia associated with anti-group A antibody. Transfus Med 2015; 25:42-6. [DOI: 10.1111/tme.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Ueda
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology; Nagoya Japan
| | - T. Sugiura
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology; Nagoya Japan
| | - K. Katano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences Nagoya City University; Nagoya Japan
| | - M. Matsuhashi
- Department of Transfusion Medicine; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - S. Kato
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology; Nagoya Japan
| | - K. Ito
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology; Nagoya Japan
| | - R. Nagasaki
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology; Nagoya Japan
| | - T. Kato
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology; Nagoya Japan
| | - N. H. Tsuno
- Department of Transfusion Medicine; The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - S. Saitoh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology; Nagoya Japan
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17
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Hara T, Suzuki F, Kawamura Y, Sezaki H, Hosaka T, Akuta N, Kobayashi M, Suzuki Y, Saitoh S, Arase Y, Ikeda K, Kobayashi M, Watahiki S, Mineta R, Kumada H. Long-term entecavir therapy results in falls in serum hepatitis B surface antigen levels and seroclearance in nucleos(t)ide-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients. J Viral Hepat 2014; 21:802-8. [PMID: 25274427 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Entecavir (ETV) is reported to result in suppression of hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV DNA) replication with minimal drug resistance. However, information on the long-term effect of such therapy on serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) level and elimination of HBsAg is not available. ETV therapy was started in 553 nucleos(t)ide-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B infection (HBeAg positive: 45%) in our hospital. Serum HBsAg levels were measured serially by the Architect assay. The median baseline HBsAg was 2180 IU/mL (0.12-243 000 IU/mL), and median follow-up period was 3.0 years, with 529, 475, 355, 247 and 163 patients followed-up for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years, respectively. At year 5, the mean log HBsAg decline from baseline was -0.48 log IU/mL, and the cumulative HBsAg clearance rate was 3.5%. Multivariate analysis identified HBV DNA level at baseline (<3.0 log copies IU/mL, odd ratio = 10.2; 95% confidence interval = 1.87-55.5, P = 0.007) and HBsAg level (<500 IU/mL, odd ratio = 29.4; 95% confidence interval = 2.80-333, P = 0.005) as independent predictors of HBsAg seroclearance. These results indicate that although serum HBsAg level declines gradually during ETV therapy, HBsAg seroclearance remains a rare event.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hara
- Department of Hepatology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Kodera H, Ando N, Yuasa I, Wada Y, Tsurusaki Y, Nakashima M, Miyake N, Saitoh S, Matsumoto N, Saitsu H. Mutations in COG2 encoding a subunit of the conserved oligomeric golgi complex cause a congenital disorder of glycosylation. Clin Genet 2014; 87:455-60. [PMID: 24784932 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex is involved in intra-Golgi retrograde trafficking, and mutations in six of its eight subunits have been reported in congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). Here we report a patient showing severe acquired microcephaly, psychomotor retardation, seizures, liver dysfunction, hypocupremia, and hypoceruloplasminemia. Analysis of his serum glycoproteins revealed defects in both sialylation and galactosylation of glycan termini. Trio-based whole-exome sequencing identified two heterozygous mutations in COG2: a de novo frameshift mutation [c.701dup (p.Tyr234*)] and a missense mutation [c.1900T > G (p.Trp634Gly)]. Sequencing of cloned reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) products revealed that both mutations were located on separate alleles, as expected, and that the mutant transcript harboring the frameshift mutation underwent degradation. The c.1900T > G (p.Trp634Gly) mutation is located in a domain highly conserved among vertebrates and was absent from both the public database and our control exomes. Protein expression of COG2, along with COG3 and COG4, was decreased in fibroblasts from the patient. Our data strongly suggest that these compound heterozygous mutations in COG2 are causative of CDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kodera
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
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19
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Suzuki S, Yoshihisa A, Abe Y, Saito T, Ohwada T, Kubota I, Saitoh S, Takeishi Y. Acute heart failure volume control trial: the comparison of tolvaptan and carperitide. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.p3316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Hiroyuki Y, Yoshihisa A, Owada T, Yamaki T, Sugimoto K, Kunii H, Nakazato K, Suzuki H, Saitoh S, Takeishi Y. Clinical features of patients with decompensated heart failure after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht307.p653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Hojo M, Maekawa K, Saitoh S, Shigenobu S, Miura T, Hayashi Y, Tokuda G, Maekawa H. Exploration and characterization of genes involved in the synthesis of diterpene defence secretion in nasute termite soldiers. Insect Mol Biol 2012; 21:545-557. [PMID: 22984844 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2012.01162.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Nasutitermes takasagoensis soldiers defend their colonies using characteristic diterpenes. Diterpenes are thought to be synthesized in the frontal gland cells surrounding the gland reservoir. To identify the genes involved in diterpene synthesis, a cDNA library was prepared from the frontal gland cells and exhaustively sequenced using a 454 pyrosequencer (GS Junior; Roche, Branford, CT, USA). A total of 50,290 clean sequences were assembled into 1111 contigs, which were grouped into 774 genes (isogroups). Based on sequence similarity with known proteins, we identified seven genes encoding the following four enzymes associated with diterpene synthesis: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) synthase (HMGS), HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR), farnesyl diphosphate synthase, and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases. The expression levels of two enzymes, HMGS and HMGR, involved in the mevalonate pathway were examined, assuming that the site of the defensive terpenoid synthesis strongly activates the mevalonate pathway, which produces a precursor of terpenoids. Real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR confirmed significantly higher expression of HMGS and HMGR in the heads of soldiers. We then divided the head into three parts and found that the expression levels of HMGS and HMGR were significantly higher in the part containing class 1 secretory cells of the frontal gland. Overall, the results suggested that the mevalonate pathway for diterpene synthesis occurs in class 1 cells around the frontal gland reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hojo
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
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22
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Terada N, Saitoh Y, Saitoh S, Ohno N, Fujishita K, Koizumi S, Ohno S. Visualization of ATP with luciferin-luciferase reaction in mouse skeletal muscles using an "in vivo cryotechnique". Microsc Microanal 2012; 18:1030-1036. [PMID: 23058452 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927612001316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a well-known energy source for muscle contraction. In this study, to visualize localization of ATP, a luciferin-luciferase reaction (LLR) was performed in mouse skeletal muscle with an "in vivo cryotechnique" (IVCT). First, to confirm if ATP molecules could be trapped and detected after glutaraldehyde (GA) treatment, ATP was directly attached to glass slides with GA, and LLR was performed. The LLR was clearly detected as an intentional design of the ATP attachment. The intensity of the light unit by LLR was correlated with the concentration of the GA-treated ATP in vitro. Next, LLR was evaluated in mouse skeletal muscles with IVCT followed by freeze-substitution fixation (FS) in acetone-containing GA. In such tissue sections the histological structure was well maintained, and the intensity of LLR in areas between muscle fibers and connective tissues was different. Moreover, differences in LLR among muscle fibers were also detected. For the IVCT-FS tissue sections, diaminobenzidine (DAB) reactions were clearly detected in type I muscle fibers and erythrocytes in capillaries, which demonstrated flow shape. Thus, it became possible to perform microscopic evaluation of the numbers of ATP molecules in the mouse skeletal muscles with IVCT, which mostly reflect living states.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Terada
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Histology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-city, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
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Kadota A, Miura K, Shinozaki T, Saitoh S, Kiyohara Y, Adachi H, Kawano H, Momotsu T, Amano H, Onoda T, Ando T, Taguri M, Harada A, Ohashi Y, Ueshima H. SP1-51 Diabetes mellitus, glucose intolerance and the risk of cardiovascular diseases: the Japan atherosclerosis longitudinal study-existing cohorts combine (JALS-ECC). Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976n.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
In management of the Japanese scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis culture, it is important to understand the phytoplankton bloom development in the coastal region of the Okhotsk Sea. Variations in food available to this benthic bivalve are a primary environmental factor affecting growth in nature. This paper determined the seasonal variability of Chlorophyll a (Chl a) at the scallop farming region in the Okhotsk Sea from 1998 to 2004 using satellite imageries. Satellite images were processed using default NASA coefficients and community-standard algorithms as implemented by Sea DAS. Spatial and temporal variation of Chl a was determined by EOF analysis. The Chl a concentration showed high seasonal and interannual variability. Peak of Chl a concentration occurred in spring followed by autumn and summer. This was evident in the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis. The spatial pattern of the first mode of EOF analysis of Chl a revealed intensified Chl a at the shelf and offshore areas in spring and autumn (51.8% of variance). The second mode explained 14.2% of the variance indicating enhancement of spring (April-May) Chl a pattern in the frontal area along the coast. Meanwhile, the third mode captured 9.0% of the variability demonstrating high Chl a extending seaward from the shelf area during late autumn. These seasonal variability of Chl a resulted from the variability in occurrences of physical processes associated with retreat of sea ice in spring, advection of Soya Warm Current in summer and intrusion of East Sakhalin Current in autumn.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Mustapha
- Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Lihan T, Mustapha M, Rahim S, Saitoh S, Iida K. Influence of River Plume on Variability of Chlorophyll a Concentration using Satellite Images. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/jas.2011.484.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Yamazawa K, Nakabayashi K, Kagami M, Sato T, Saitoh S, Horikawa R, Hizuka N, Ogata T. Parthenogenetic chimaerism/mosaicism with a Silver-Russell syndrome-like phenotype. J Med Genet 2010; 47:782-5. [PMID: 20685670 PMCID: PMC2976035 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2010.079343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction We report a 34-year-old Japanese female with a Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS)-like phenotype and a mosaic Turner syndrome karyotype (45,X/46,XX). Methods/Results Molecular studies including methylation analysis of 17 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) on the autosomes and the XIST-DMR on the X chromosome and genome-wide microsatellite analysis for 96 autosomal loci and 30 X chromosomal loci revealed that the 46,XX cell lineage was accompanied by maternal uniparental isodisomy for all chromosomes (upid(AC)mat), whereas the 45,X cell lineage was associated with biparentally derived autosomes and a maternally derived X chromosome. The frequency of the 46,XX upid(AC)mat cells was calculated as 84% in leukocytes, 56% in salivary cells, and 18% in buccal epithelial cells. Discussion The results imply that a parthenogenetic activation took place around the time of fertilisation of a sperm missing a sex chromosome, resulting in the generation of the upid(AC)mat 46,XX cell lineage by endoreplication of one blastomere containing a female pronucleus and the 45,X cell lineage by union of male and female pronuclei. It is likely that the extent of overall (epi)genetic aberrations exceeded the threshold level for the development of SRS phenotype, but not for the occurrence of other imprinting disorders or recessive Mendelian disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamazawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Ohkura, Setagaya, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
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Nakamura M, Yabe I, Sudo A, Hosoki K, Yaguchi H, Saitoh S, Sasaki H. MERRF/MELAS overlap syndrome: a double pathogenic mutation in mitochondrial tRNA genes. J Med Genet 2010; 47:659-64. [PMID: 20610441 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2009.072058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibres (MERRF) and mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) are established phenotypes of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. The m.8356T>C transition in the mitochondrial tRNA(Lys) gene is a pathogenic mutations of MERRF. The m.3243A>G transition in the mitochondrial tRNA(Leu) gene is detected in most MELAS patients. Although previous analyses of double mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were useful for discussing their nature, many unsolved questions remain. OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and genetic features of a family with the above mtDNA double-point mutations and discuss the role of double mtDNA mutations in diverse clinical features in the family. PATIENTS AND METHODS The proband was a 23-year-old woman with MERRF harbouring m.8356T>C and m.3243A>G transitions in mitochondrial tRNA genes. We assessed clinical aspects of her and those of her three relatives and performed mutation analyses on their mtDNA. RESULTS Phenotypes of the four patients were MERRF, MERRF/MELAS overlap syndrome and asymptomatic carrier. We hypothesise that the course of the phenotype of this family begins with MERRF and is followed by MELAS. This double mutation was heteroplasmic in blood of all four patients but with different rates in each patient, while m.8356T>C appeared homoplasmic and m.3243A>G was heteroplasmic in muscle of the two examined cases. No other mutations were detected in the total mtDNA sequence in this family. CONCLUSIONS This is the first reported case of a double-point mutation in mtDNA, both of which were heteroplasmic and pathogenic for the established phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, N15W7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
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Kawamura Y, Ikeda K, Hirakawa M, Hosaka T, Akuta N, Kobayashi M, Saitoh S, Suzuki F, Suzuki Y, Kumada H. A new classification of dynamic CT images predictive of malignant characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e14598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Bai Y, Ohno N, Terada N, Saitoh S, Nakazawa T, Nakamura N, Katoh R, Ohno S. Immunolocalization of serum proteins in xenografted mouse model of human tumor cells by various cryotechniques. Histol Histopathol 2009; 24:717-28. [PMID: 19337970 DOI: 10.14670/hh-24.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The transport mechanism of soluble molecules throughout the interstitial matrix is closely associated with human tumor behavior in vivo. However, the examination of soluble components in histological architectures has been hampered by artifacts caused during conventional tissue preparation. In this study, the immunodistribution of intrinsic and extrinsic serum components in tumor tissues was examined in xenografted human tumor cells using 'in vivo cryotechnique' (IVCT) and cryobiopsy, where target tissues are directly cryofixed in vivo. Human lung cancer cells were subcutaneously injected into the dorsal flank of nude mice, and paraffin sections and cryosections of produced tumors were prepared with different methods. Immunolocalization of serum proteins, including albumin, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM, as well as intravenously injected bovine serum albumin (BSA) was examined. Their immunodistribution was more clearly observed in the interstitium by both IVCT and cryobiopsy than conventional methods. IgM was immunolocalized within blood vessels, whereas albumin and IgG were observed in the tumor interstitium. Moreover, intravenously injected bovine serum albumin exhibited leakage from the blood capillaries into surrounding connective tissues in 24 h, but it gradually diffused to the interstitium of the tumor masses during 3 days. These results suggest that molecular leakage from blood capillaries varies significantly in different areas of developing tumors, and that small serum proteins, but not large ones, were abundantly immunolocalized in the tumor interstitium. Both IVCT and cryobiopsy were found to be useful for immunohistochemical studies of soluble molecules in tumors with blood circulation, and may therefore be helpful for further histopathological analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Bai
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Histology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-city, Yamanashi, Japan
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Ikeda K, Kobayashi M, Someya T, Saitoh S, Hosaka T, Akuta N, Suzuki F, Suzuki Y, Arase Y, Kumada H. Occult hepatitis B virus infection increases hepatocellular carcinogenesis by eight times in patients with non-B, non-C liver cirrhosis: a cohort study. J Viral Hepat 2009; 16:437-43. [PMID: 19226331 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01085.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An impact of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA on hepatocarcinogenesis has not been investigated in a cohort of patients with non-B, non-C cirrhosis. Eighty-two consecutive Japanese patients with cirrhosis, who showed negative hepatitis B surface antigen and negative anti-hepatitis C virus, were observed for a median of 5.8 years. Hepatitis B virus core (HBc) region and HBx region were assayed with nested polymerase chain reaction. Both of HBc and HBx DNA were positive in 9 patients (11.0%) and both were negative in 73. Carcinogenesis rates in the whole patients were 13.5% at the end of the 5th year and 24.6% at the 10th year. The carcinogenesis rates in the patients with positive DNA group and negative DNA group were 27.0% and 11.8% at the end of the 5th year, and 100% and 17.6% at the 10th year, respectively (P = 0.0078). Multivariate analysis showed that men (P = 0.04), presence of HBc and HBx DNA (hazard ratio: 8.25, P = 0.003), less total alcohol intake (P = 0.010), older age (P = 0.010), and association of diabetes (P = 0.005) were independently associated with hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Existence of serum HBV DNA predicted a high hepatocellular carcinogenesis rate in a cohort of patients with non-B, non-C cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ikeda
- Department of Hepatology, Toranomon Hospital, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yoneyama S, Miura K, Itai K, Yoshita K, Nakagawa H, Shimmura T, Okayama A, Sakata K, Saitoh S, Ueshima H, Elliott P, Stamler J. Dietary intake and urinary excretion of selenium in the Japanese adult population: the INTERMAP Study Japan. Eur J Clin Nutr 2008; 62:1187-93. [PMID: 17622257 PMCID: PMC6660158 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2006] [Revised: 03/08/2007] [Accepted: 04/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is to examine the relationship between dietary selenium intake and 24-h urinary selenium excretion in Japanese population samples participating in the INTERMAP Study. METHODS Using highly standardized methods, we assessed individual dietary selenium intake from four 24-h dietary recalls and measured urinary selenium excretion in two timed 24-h urine collections in 1145 Japanese participants (574 men and 571 women) ages 40-59 years in four areas of Japan. RESULTS The medians of dietary selenium intake were 177.5 microg/day in men and 139.8 microg/day in women; the medians of 24-h urinary selenium excretion were 127.9 microg/day in men and 109.4 microg/day in women, that is, urinary excretion was estimated to be 73% of dietary intake in men and 77% in women. Dietary selenium intake was significantly correlated with 24-h urinary selenium excretion (r=0.24 in men, r=0.18 in women; P<0.001). With dietary selenium intake and urinary selenium excretion expressed per kg of body weight, values were similar for men and women (dietary intake, 2.7 microg/kg body weight in men and 2.5 microg/kg body weight in women; urinary excretion, 2.0 microg/kg body weight in men and 2.0 microg/kg body weight in women). CONCLUSION Dietary intake and 24-h urinary excretion of selenium are related in the Japanese adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yoneyama
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - K Miura
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - K Itai
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - K Yoshita
- Division of Health and Nutrition Monitoring, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Nakagawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - T Shimmura
- Department of Environmental Health, Toyama Institute of Health, Toyama, Japan
| | - A Okayama
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Sakata
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - S Saitoh
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Ueshima
- Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - P Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, St Mary’s Campus, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - J Stamler
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Kadowaki S, Okamura T, Hozawa A, Kadowaki T, Kadota A, Murakami Y, Nakamura K, Saitoh S, Nakamura Y, Hayakawa T, Kita Y, Okayama A, Ueshima H. Relationship of elevated casual blood glucose level with coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in a representative sample of the Japanese population. NIPPON DATA80. Diabetologia 2008; 51:575-82. [PMID: 18197396 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-007-0915-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2007] [Accepted: 11/22/2007] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS High fasting blood glucose is one of the well-known risk factors for CHD. However, in certain settings, patients cannot always be expected to fast. For example, community screenings for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in Japan are performed under non-fasting conditions to achieve high participation rates. Thus, we examined a representative cohort of the Japanese population (n=9,444, follow-up period 17.3 years) to clarify whether high casual blood glucose (CBG) can predict CVD mortality. METHODS We defined CBG groups as follows: high CBG >or= 11.1 mmol/l or participants with a history of diabetes mellitus; borderline high, 7.77 <or= CBG<11.1 mmol/l; higher normal, 5.22 <or= CBG<7.77 mmol/l); and lower normal, CBG<5.22 mmol/l. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for CHD, CVD and all-cause mortality were calculated. RESULTS The crude CHD mortality rate was 0.84 per 1,000 person-years. Age- and sex-adjusted HRs for CHD mortality were high among participants with CBG levels >or= 7.77 mmol/l, regardless of time since last meal. Multivariate-adjusted HRs (95% CI) of CHD mortality in high and borderline high CBG groups were 2.62 (1.46-4.67) and 2.43 (1.29-4.58), respectively. Similar results were observed for both CVD and all-cause mortality. Even within the normal blood glucose range, each 1 mmol/l increase in CBG was associated with a statistically significant increase in the HR for CVD mortality (1.12, 95% CI 1.02-1.22). Population-attributable fractions of the combined groups of high and borderline high CBG for CHD, CVD and all-cause mortality were 12.0, 4.9 and 3.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Increases in CBG, even within the normal range, predict CVD mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kadowaki
- Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan.
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Saitoh S, Hosoki K, Takano K, Tonoki H. Mosaic paternally derived inv dup(15) may partially rescue the Prader-Willi syndrome phenotype with uniparental disomy. Clin Genet 2007; 72:378-80. [PMID: 17850637 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2007.00860.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ohno N, Terada N, Saitoh S, Zhou H, Fujii Y, Ohno S. Recent development of in vivo cryotechnique to cryobiopsy for living animals. Histol Histopathol 2007; 22:1281-90. [PMID: 17647200 DOI: 10.14670/hh-22.1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Various microscopic methods have been used to analyze the morphology and molecular distribution of cells and tissues. Using conventional procedures, however, ischemic or anoxic artifacts are inevitably caused by tissue-resection or perfusion-fixation. The in vivo cryotechnique (IVCT) was developed to overcome these problems, and was found to be useful with light microscopy for analyses of the distribution of water-soluble molecules without anoxic effects at high time resolution. But there are limitations to the application of IVCT, such as exposure of target organs of living small animals and immunoreactivity of lipid-soluble molecules owing to freeze-substitution with acetone. Recently, a new cryotechnique called "cryobiopsy" has been developed, which enables one to obtain tissue specimens of large animals including humans without ischemia or anoxia, and has almost the same technical advantages as IVCT. Both IVCT and cryobiopsy complement other live-imaging techniques, and are useful for not only the morphological observation of cells and tissues under normal conditions, but also the preservation of all components in frozen tissue specimens. Therefore, morphofunctional information in vivo would be obtained by freeze-substituion for light or electron microscopy, and also by other analytical methods, such as freeze-fracture replication, X-ray microanalyses, or Raman microscopy. Considering the merits of both IVCT and cryobiopsy, their application should be expanded into other microscopic fields and also from experimental animal studies to clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ohno
- Department of Anatomy, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-city, Yamanashi, Japan
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Yamazaki H, Kato H, Hata Y, Murakami N, Saitoh S. The two locations of ganglions causing radial nerve palsy. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2007; 32:341-5. [PMID: 17331627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsb.2006.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2006] [Revised: 09/14/2006] [Accepted: 09/18/2006] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Ganglions associated with radial nerve palsy at two different locations were identified at the elbow in 14 patients. The first type, found in 13 patients, arose from the anterior capsule of the proximal radioulnar joint and was located proximal to the proximal edge of the supinator muscle. It compressed the main radial nerve anteriorly. The second type, which has not been reported before in patients without abnormalities in the elbow joint, was found in the remaining patient. It was located in the supinator muscle, distal to the proximal edge of the supinator muscle, and compressed the posterior interosseous nerve against the proximal radius. Magnetic resonance imaging makes it possible to identify ganglions in a wide area around the elbow. This examination should be carried out in view of the possible presence of both types of ganglion. Magnetic resonance imaging also provides more accurate information than computed tomography or ultrasonography about the location and characteristics of the mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yamazaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto City, Nagano, Japan.
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Satoh A, Ochiai T, Okazumi S, Shutoh K, Mochizuki R, Hayano K, Aoyagi T, Narushima K, Saitoh S. 133 POSTER Role of perfusion CT in assessing tumor blood flow and malignancy level of gastric cancer, a pilot study. Eur J Surg Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0748-7983(06)70568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Yamaguchi K, Shimamura T, Hyodo I, Koizumi W, Doi T, Narahara H, Komatsu Y, Kato T, Saitoh S, Akiya T, Munakata M, Miyata Y, Maeda Y, Takiuchi H, Nakano S, Esaki T, Kinjo F, Sakata Y. Phase I/II study of docetaxel and S-1 in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2006; 94:1803-8. [PMID: 16773074 PMCID: PMC2361339 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this phase I/II study of docetaxel and S-1 were to determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), and recommended dose (RD) in the phase I part and to explore the tumour response, survival and safety in the phase II part. Patients with histologically- or cytologically confirmed unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer were eligible. Treatment consisted of intravenous docetaxel on day 1 (starting dose 50 mg m−2) and oral S-1 at a fixed dose of 40 mg m−2 twice daily on days 1–14, every 4 weeks up to six cycles. Nine patients took part in the phase I portion of the study. The MTD of docetaxel was determined to be 50 mg m−2, with the DLTs of grade 3 infection associated with grade 3 neutropenia and grade 4 neutropenia during S-1 administration. The RD of docetaxel was 40 mg m−2 in combination with S-1 40 mg m−2 b.i.d. The efficacy and safety of this regimen was therefore assessed in 46 patients with at least one measurable lesion. The overall response rate and estimated median overall survival were 46% (95% CI, 31–61%) and 14.0 months (8.3–17.3 months), respectively. The most common grade 3/4 toxicity was neutropenia (67% of patients), which was predictable and manageable. This regimen showed promising activity with moderate toxicities in advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Cancer Centre, Ina-machi, Kitaadachi-gun, Japan.
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Taira M, Furuuchi H, Saitoh S, Sugiyama Y, Sekiyama S, Araki Y, Tabata Y. Bio-sorption of acidic gelatine hydro-gels implanted in the back tissues of Fisher's rats. J Oral Rehabil 2005; 32:382-7. [PMID: 15842249 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01417.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent advance in tissue engineering therapy requires new scaffold materials. Acidic gelatine powders (10 wt%) were, thus, dissolved in water, were or were not cross-linked, and freeze-dried. After sterilization, prepared small sponges were implanted in 7-week-old Fisher's rats' subcutaneous tissues for up to 2 weeks. Sponges absorbed body fluid and changed into hydro-gels in vivo. Non-cross-linked hydro-gels were absorbed within 3 days, while cross-linked hydro-gels were eliminated after 7 days' implantation. Histological observations revealed that the common captivation process was mild while granulocytes and macrophages were encountered. Because acidic gelatine sponges can accommodate various basic growth factors, it can be speculated that prepared sponges might be used as short-time hydro-gel scaffolds and growth-factor carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Taira
- Department of Dental Materials Science and Technology, Iwate Medical University School of Dentistry, Iwate, Japan.
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Wang CC, Abe K, Abe K, Abe T, Adachi I, Aihara H, Asano Y, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Ban Y, Bay A, Bedny I, Bitenc U, Bizjak I, Blyth S, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bracko M, Browder TE, Chang P, Chao Y, Chen KF, Chen WT, Cheon BG, Choi SK, Choi Y, Chuvikov A, Cole S, Dash M, Dong LY, Dragic J, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Eiges V, Gershon T, Gokhroo G, Guo R, Haba J, Hastings NC, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazumi M, Hokuue T, Hoshi Y, Hou S, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Iijima T, Imoto A, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Ishino H, Itoh K, Itoh R, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki Y, Kakuno H, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kapusta P, Katayama N, Kawasaki T, Khan HR, Kichimi H, Kim HJ, Kinoshita K, Krizan P, Krokovny P, Kumar S, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee SE, Lee YJ, Lesiak T, Li J, Limosani A, Lin SW, Macnaughton J, Matsumoto T, Matyja A, Mikami Y, Mitaroff W, Miyata H, Mizuk R, Mohapatra D, Mori T, Nagasaka Y, Nakadaira T, Nakano E, Nakao M, Natkaniec Z, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Nozaki T, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Okabe T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Ostrowicz W, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Park CW, Parslow N, Peak LS, Piilonen LE, Ronga FJ, Rozanska M, Sagawa H, Saitoh S, Sakai Y, Sato N, Schietinger T, Schneider O, Schümann J, Schwartz AJ, Semenov S, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Shibuya H, Singh JB, Somov A, Stamen R, Stanic S, Staric M, Sumisawa K, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki SY, Tajima O, Takasaki F, Tamai K, Tanaka M, Taylor GN, Teramoto Y, Tian XC, Trabelsi K, Tsukamoto T, Uehara S, Uglov T, Ueno K, Uno S, Varner G, Varvell KE, Villa S, Wang CH, Wang MZ, Watanabe M, Yabsley BD, Yamada Y, Yamaguchi A, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Ying J, Yusa Y, Zhang J, Zhang LM, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Ziegler T, Zontar D. Study of B0-->rho+/- pi-/+ time-dependent CP violation at Belle. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:121801. [PMID: 15903905 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.121801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a time-dependent analysis of CP violation in B0-->rho(+/-)pi(-/+) decays based on a 140 fb(-1) data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at KEKB. We obtain the charge asymmetry A(rhopi)(CP)=-0.16+/-0.10(stat)+/-0.02(syst). An unbinned maximum-likelihood fit to the Deltat distributions yields C(rhopi)=0.25+/-0.17(stat)+0.02-0.06(syst), DeltaC(rhopi)=0.38+/-0.18(stat)+0.02-0.04(syst), S(rhopi)=-0.28+/-0.23(stat)+0.10-0.08(syst), and DeltaS(rhopi)=-0.30+/-0.24(stat)+/-0.09(syst). The direct CP violation parameters for B-->rho(+)pi(-) and B-->rho(-)pi(+) decays are A(+-)(rhopi)=-0.02+/-0.16(stat)+0.05-0.02(syst) and A(-+)(rhopi)=-0.53+/-0.29(stat)+0.09-0.04(syst).
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Wang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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Tsutsumi Y, Tanaka J, Miura T, Saitoh S, Yamada M, Yamato H, Ehira N, Kanamori H, Kawamura T, Obara S, Ogura N, Matsushima T, Maruya E, Asaka M, Imamura M, Saji H, Masauzi N. Successful non-T-cell-depleted nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (NST) from an HLA-haploidentical 2-loci-mismatched sibling in a heavily transfused patient with severe aplastic anemia based on the fetomaternal microchimerism. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005; 34:267-9. [PMID: 15170164 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A 37-year-old Japanese man with systemic hemochromatosis due to multiple transfusions was referred to us for the treatment of severe aplastic anemia (SAA), from which he had been suffering for 24 years. The patient had diabetes arising from the hemochromatosis, chronic anal fissures, and a kidney abscess due to neutropenia. He was treated with a nonmyeloablative preconditioning regimen followed by non-T-cell-depleted (non-TCD) allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) from his human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-haploidentical 2-loci-mismatched sibling. Prompt engraftment of granulocytes and platelets was observed, and graft-versus-host disease was easy to control. Noninherited maternal antigens in the donor were confirmed prior to PBSCT, and they were also detected in small quantities in the recipient. This report describes the first successful nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplant in a heavily transfused SAA patient from an HLA-haploidentical 2-loci-mismatched sibling donor. The result suggests that a long-term fetomaternal microchimerism-positive sibling can be a second-line donor if an alternative HLA-identical donor is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tsutsumi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hakodate Municipal Hospital, Hakodate, Japan.
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41
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Ohnishi H, Saitoh S, Takagi S, Ohata J, Takeuchi H, Isobe T, Katoh N, Chiba Y, Fujiwara T, Akasaka H, Shimamoto K. Incidence of insulin resistance in obese subjects in a rural Japanese population: the Tanno and Sobetsu study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2005; 7:83-7. [PMID: 15642079 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2004.00381.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although it is well known that obesity is closely related to insulin resistance, the incidence of the development of insulin resistance in people with obesity is not known. In this study, we investigated the incidence of insulin resistance in citizens of two rural communities in Japan. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The subjects were 102 men and 126 women over the age of 30 years selected from 1035 citizens who had undergone medical examinations in the towns of Tanno and Sobetsu, Hokkaido, in 1991 and 1998. Those who were on medication for hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, coronary heart disease and cerebral vessel disease were excluded. The simple index to determine insulin resistance [i.e. homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-R) > or = 1.73] was used, and subjects who were determined to be positive for insulin resistance according to this index in 1991 were also excluded in order to determine the incidence of insulin resistance in subjects who had no abnormalities other than obesity. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), triglyceride level, high-density lipoprotein level, blood sugar level, serum insulin value and HOMA-R were measured in all subjects in 1991 and in 1998. Moreover, the subjects were divided into two groups according to BMI, a normal group consisting of subjects with BMI < 25 and an obesity group consisting of subjects with BMI > or = 25. We also compared the incidences of insulin resistance in normal and obesity groups of subjects who were newly determined to be positive for insulin resistance on the basis of data obtained from medical examinations conducted in 1998. RESULTS The incidence of insulin resistance was significantly higher in the obesity group than in the normal group (25.0 vs. 4.5%). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that obesity was closely related to insulin resistance and that the relative risk of development of insulin resistance adjusted for age, sex, SBP, FPG and HDL was 3.193 (95% CI 1.085-9.401). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of insulin resistance was significantly higher in the obesity group than in the normal group in this study, suggesting that improvement in obesity is important for prevention of the occurrence of type 2 diabetes or atherosclerotic disease based on insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ohnishi
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Chuou-ku, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan.
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42
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Lee YJ, Wang MZ, Abe K, Abe K, Abe T, Aihara H, Asano Y, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Aziz T, Bahinipati S, Bakich AM, Ban Y, Bedny I, Bitenc U, Bizjak I, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bracko M, Brodzicka J, Browder TE, Chang P, Chao Y, Cheon BG, Chistov R, Choi SK, Choi Y, Chuvikov A, Danilov M, Dash M, Dong LY, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Eiges V, Fratina S, Gabyshev N, Garmash A, Gershon T, Gokhroo G, Golob B, Guo R, Haba J, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazumi M, Higuchi T, Hinz L, Hokuue T, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Imoto A, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki M, Kang JH, Kang JS, Katayama N, Kawai H, Kawasaki T, Khan HR, Kichimi H, Kim HJ, Kim JH, Kim SK, Koppenburg P, Korpar S, Krokovny P, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lee SH, Lesiak T, Li J, Lin SW, Macnaughton J, Majumder G, Mandl F, Matsumoto T, Matyja A, Mikami Y, Mitaroff W, Miyabayashi K, Miyata H, Mizuk R, Mori T, Nagamine T, Nagasaka Y, Nakadaira T, Nakao M, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Okabe T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Ostrowicz W, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Parslow N, Piilonen LE, Sagawa H, Saitoh S, Sakai Y, Sato N, Schneider O, Schümann J, Semenov S, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Shibuya H, Sidorov V, Soni N, Stamen R, Stanic S, Staric M, Sumisawa K, Sumiyoshi T, Tajima O, Takasaki F, Tamai K, Tamura N, Tanaka M, Taylor GN, Teramoto Y, Tovey SN, Tsuboyama T, Uehara S, Uglov T, Ueno K, Unno Y, Uno S, Varner G, Varvell KE, Wang CH, Watanabe M, Yabsley BD, Yamada Y, Yamaguchi A, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Ying J, Yuan Y, Yusa Y, Zang SL, Zhang CC, Zhang J, Zhang ZP, Ziegler T, Zontar D. Observation of B+-->LambdaLambdaK+. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:211801. [PMID: 15600996 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.211801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report the first observation of the charmless hyperonic B decay, B+-->LambdaLambdaK+, using a 140 fb(-1) data sample recorded at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB (e+)(e-) collider. The measured branching fraction is B(B+-->LambdaLambdaK+) = (2.91(+0.90)(-0.70) +/- 0.38) x 10(-6). We also perform a search for the related decay mode B+-->LambdaLambdapi+, but do not find a significant signal. We set a 90% confidence-level upper limit of B(B+-->LambdaLambdapi+) < 2.8 x 10(-6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-J Lee
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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43
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Chao Y, Chang P, Abe K, Abe K, Abe N, Adachi I, Aihara H, Akai K, Akatsu M, Akemoto M, Asano Y, Aso T, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Aziz T, Bahinipati S, Bakich AM, Ban Y, Barbero M, Bay A, Bedny I, Bitenc U, Bizjak I, Blyth S, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bracko M, Brodzicka J, Browder TE, Chang MC, Chen A, Chen KF, Chen WT, Cheon BG, Chistov R, Choi SK, Choi Y, Choi YK, Chuvikov A, Cole S, Danilov M, Dash M, Dong LY, Dowd R, Dragic J, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Eiges V, Enari Y, Epifanov D, Everton CW, Fang F, Flanagan J, Fratina S, Fujii H, Funakoshi Y, Furukawa K, Gabyshev N, Garmash A, Gershon T, Go A, Gokhroo G, Golob B, Grosse Perdekamp M, Guler H, Guo R, Haba J, Hagner C, Handa F, Hara K, Hara T, Hastings NC, Hasuko K, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazumi M, Heenan EM, Higuchi I, Higuchi T, Hinz L, Hojo T, Hokuue T, Hoshi Y, Hoshina K, Hou S, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Huang HC, Igaki T, Igarashi Y, Iijima T, Ikeda H, Imoto A, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Ishino H, Itoh K, Itoh R, Iwamoto M, Iwasaki M, Iwasaki Y, Kagan R, Kakuno H, Kamitani T, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kapusta P, Kataoka SU, Katayama N, Kawai H, Kawai H, Kawakami Y, Kawamura N, Kawasaki T, Kent N, Khan HR, Kibayashi A, Kichimi H, Kikuchi M, Kikutani E, Kim HJ, Kim HO, Kim H, Kim JH, Kim SK, Kim TH, Kinoshita K, Kobayashi S, Koiso H, Koppenburg P, Korpar S, Krizan P, Krokovny P, Kubo T, Kulasiri R, Kumar S, Kuo CC, Kurashiro H, Kurihara E, Kusaka A, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Leder G, Lee SE, Lee SH, Lee YJ, Lesiak T, Li J, Limosani A, Lin SW, Liventsev D, MacNaughton J, Majumder G, Mandl F, Marlow D, Masuzawa M, Matsuishi T, Matsumoto H, Matsumoto S, Matsumoto T, Matyja A, Michizono S, Mikami Y, Mimashi T, Mitaroff W, Miyabayashi K, Miyabayashi Y, Miyake H, Miyata H, Mizuk R, Mohapatra D, Moloney GR, Moorhead GF, Mori T, Mueller J, Murakami A, Nagamine T, Nagasaka Y, Nakadaira T, Nakamura I, Nakamura TT, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nakayama H, Nakazawa H, Natkaniec Z, Neichi K, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Noguchi S, Nozaki T, Ogawa A, Ogawa S, Ogawa Y, Ohmi K, Ohnishi Y, Ohshima T, Ohuchi N, Oide K, Okabe T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Onuki Y, Ostrowicz W, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Palka H, Park CW, Park H, Park KS, Parslow N, Peak LS, Pernicka M, Perroud JP, Peters M, Piilonen LE, Poluektov A, Ronga FJ, Root N, Rozanska M, Sagawa H, Saigo M, Saitoh S, Sakai Y, Sakamoto H, Sakaue H, Sarangi TR, Satapathy M, Sato N, Schietinger T, Schneider O, Schümann J, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Seki T, Semenov S, Senyo K, Settai Y, Seuster R, Sevior ME, Shibata T, Shibuya H, Shidara T, Shwartz B, Sidorov V, Siegle V, Singh JB, Somov A, Soni N, Stamen R, Stanic S, Staric M, Sugahara R, Sugi A, Sugimura T, Sugiyama A, Sumisawa K, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki S, Suzuki SY, Swain SK, Tajima O, Takasaki F, Tamai K, Tamura N, Tanabe K, Tanaka M, Tawada M, Taylor GN, Teramoto Y, Tian XC, Tokuda S, Tovey SN, Trabelsi K, Tsuboyama T, Tsukamoto T, Uchida K, Uehara S, Uglov T, Ueno K, Unno Y, Uno S, Ushiroda Y, Varner G, Varvell KE, Villa S, Wang CC, Wang CH, Wang JG, Wang MZ, Watanabe M, Watanabe Y, Widhalm L, Xie QL, Yabsley BD, Yamaguchi A, Yamamoto H, Yamamoto N, Yamamoto S, Yamanaka T, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Yang H, Yeh P, Ying J, Yoshida K, Yoshida M, Yuan Y, Yusa Y, Yuta H, Zang SL, Zhang CC, Zhang J, Zhang LM, Zhang ZP, Zheng Y, Zhilich V, Ziegler T, Zontar D, Zürcher D. Evidence for direct CP violation in B0-->K+pi- decays. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:191802. [PMID: 15600826 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.191802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report evidence for direct CP violation in the decay B0-->K+pi(-) with 253 fb(-1) of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e(-) collider. Using 275x10(6) BB pairs we observe a B-->K+/-pi(-/+) signal with 2140+/-53 events. The measured CP violating asymmetry is A(CP)(K+pi(-))=-0.101+/-0.025(stat)+/-0.005(syst), corresponding to a significance of 3.9sigma including systematics. We also search for CP violation in the decays B+-->K+pi(0) and B+-->pi(+)pi(0). The measured CP violating asymmetries are A(CP)(K+pi(0))=0.04+/-0.05(stat)+/-0.02(syst) and A(CP)(pi(+)pi(0))=-0.02+/-0.10(stat)+/-0.01(syst), corresponding to the intervals -0.05<A(CP)(K+pi(0))<0.13 and -0.18<A(CP)(pi(+)pi(0))<0.14 at 90% confidence level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chao
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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44
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Schwanda C, Abe K, Abe K, Abe T, Adachi I, Aihara H, Akatsu M, Asano Y, Aushev T, Bahinipati S, Bakich AM, Ban Y, Banas E, Bay A, Bizjak I, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bracko M, Browder TE, Chang MC, Chao Y, Cheon BG, Choi Y, Choi YK, Chuvikov A, Cole S, Danilov M, Dash M, Dong LY, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Eiges V, Gabyshev N, Gershon T, Gokhroo G, Golob B, Hazumi M, Higuchi I, Hinz L, Hokuue T, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Huang HC, Iijima T, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki M, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kapusta P, Katayama N, Kawai H, Kichimi H, Kim HJ, Kinoshita K, Koppenburg P, Korpar S, Krizan P, Krokovny P, Kumar S, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Leder G, Lee SH, Lesiak T, Li J, Limosani A, Lin SW, MacNaughton J, Mandl F, Matsumoto T, Matyja A, Mikami Y, Mitaroff W, Miyake H, Miyata H, Mori T, Nagamine T, Nagasaka Y, Nakano E, Nakao M, Natkaniec Z, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Nozaki T, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Okabe T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Onuki Y, Ostrowicz W, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Palka H, Park CW, Park H, Parslow N, Peak LS, Piilonen LE, Sagawa H, Saitoh S, Sakai Y, Sarangi TR, Schneider O, Schümann J, Schwartz AJ, Semenov S, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Shibuya H, Singh JB, Soni N, Stamen R, Stanic S, Staric M, Sumisawa K, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki S, Tajima O, Takasaki F, Tamai K, Tanaka M, Teramoto Y, Tomura T, Tsukamoto T, Uehara S, Uglov T, Ueno K, Uno S, Varner G, Varvell KE, Wang CC, Wang CH, Yabsley BD, Yamada Y, Yamaguchi A, Yamashita Y, Yanai H, Ying J, Zhang ZP, Zontar D, Zürcher D. Evidence for B+-->omegal+nu. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:131803. [PMID: 15524705 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.131803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have searched for the decay B+-->omegal(+)nu (l=e or mu) in 78 fb(-1) of Upsilon(4S) data (85x10(6)BB events) accumulated with the Belle detector. The final state is fully reconstructed using the omega decay into pi(+)pi(-)pi(0), combined with detector hermeticity to estimate the neutrino momentum. A signal of 414+/-125 events is found in the data, corresponding to a branching fraction of (1.3+/-0.4+/-0.2+/-0.3)x10(-4), where the first two errors are statistical and systematic, respectively. The third error reflects the estimated form-factor uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schwanda
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Vienna
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45
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Enari Y, Abe K, Abe K, Abe T, Adachi I, Aihara H, Asano Y, Aso T, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Ban Y, Bedny I, Bizjak I, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bracko M, Browder TE, Chao Y, Cheon BG, Choi SK, Choi Y, Choi YK, Chuvikov A, Danilov M, Dong LY, Eidelman S, Eiges V, Epifanov D, Fukunaga C, Gabyshev N, Garmash A, Gershon T, Gokhroo G, Golob B, Handa F, Hara T, Hayasaka K, Hayashii H, Hazumi M, Hokuue T, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Huang HC, Iijima T, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki M, Iwasaki Y, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kataoka SU, Katayama N, Kawai H, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kim HJ, Kim JH, Kinoshita K, Koppenburg P, Korpar S, Krizan P, Krokovny P, Kulasiri R, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Leder G, Lee SH, Lesiak T, Lin SW, MacNaughton J, Mandl F, Matsumoto T, Matyja A, Mitaroff W, Miyake H, Miyata H, Moloney GR, Nagamine T, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nakazawa H, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Ostrowicz W, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Park CW, Park H, Park KS, Parslow N, Piilonen LE, Poluektov A, Root N, Sato N, Sagawa H, Saitoh S, Sakai Y, Schneider O, Schwartz AJ, Semenov S, Senyo K, Shibuya H, Shwartz B, Sidorov V, Singh JB, Soni N, Stanic S, Staric M, Sugi A, Sumisawa K, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki SY, Takasaki F, Tamai K, Tamura N, Tanaka M, Teramoto Y, Tomura T, Tsuboyama T, Uehara S, Ueno K, Uno S, Varner G, Wang CH, Wang JG, Watanabe Y, Yabsley BD, Yamada Y, Yamauchi M, Yang H, Ying J, Yusa Y, Zhang ZP, Zhilich V, Zontar D. Search for the lepton-flavor-violating decay tau- -->micro-eta at Belle. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:081803. [PMID: 15447174 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.081803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have searched for the lepton flavor violating decay tau(-)-->micro(-)eta using a data sample of 84.3 fb(-1) accumulated with the Belle detector at KEK. The eta meson was detected through the decay modes: eta-->gammagamma and pi(+)pi(-)pi(0). No signal candidates are found, and we obtain an upper limit for the branching fraction B(tau(-)-->micro(-)eta)<3.4 x 10(-7) at the 90% confidence level.
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46
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Koppenburg P, Abe K, Abe K, Abe T, Adachi I, Aihara H, Akatsu M, Asano Y, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Ban Y, Bay A, Bitenc U, Bizjak I, Bondar A, Bozek A, Bracko M, Browder TE, Chang P, Chao Y, Chen KF, Cheon BG, Choi Y, Chuvikov A, Cole S, Danilov M, Dash M, Dong LY, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Eiges V, Enari Y, Fang F, Fratina S, Gabyshev N, Garmash A, Gershon T, Gokhroo G, Golob B, Haba J, Hayashii H, Hazumi M, Higuchi T, Hinz L, Hokuue T, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsiung YB, Iijima T, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Itoh R, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki M, Kang JH, Kang JS, Katayama N, Kawai H, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kim HJ, Kim JH, Kim SK, Kim TH, Korpar S, Krizan P, Krokovny P, Kumar S, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Leder G, Lee SH, Lesiak T, Li J, Limosani A, Lin SW, MacNaughton J, Majumder G, Mandl F, Matsumoto T, Mikami Y, Mitaroff W, Miyabayashi K, Miyake H, Miyata H, Mohapatra D, Moloney GR, Mori T, Nagamine T, Nagasaka Y, Nakadaira T, Nakano E, Nakao M, Natkaniec Z, Neichi K, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Nozaki T, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Okabe T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Ostrowicz W, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Palka H, Park CW, Park H, Parslow N, Peak LS, Piilonen LE, Ronga FJ, Rozanska M, Sagawa H, Saitoh S, Sakai Y, Sarangi TR, Schneider O, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Semenov S, Senyo K, Seuster R, Sevior ME, Shibuya H, Soni N, Stamen R, Stanic S, Staric M, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki S, Tajima O, Takasaki F, Tamura N, Tanaka M, Taylor GN, Tomura T, Trabelsi K, Tsuboyama T, Tsukamoto T, Uehara S, Uglov T, Ueno K, Uno S, Ushiroda Y, Varner G, Varvell KE, Wang CC, Wang CH, Watanabe M, Yabsley BD, Yamada Y, Yamaguchi A, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Yanai H, Yang H, Ying J, Yusa Y, Zhang CC, Zhang ZP, Ziegler T, Zontar D. Inclusive measurement of the photon energy spectrum in b --> sgamma decays. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:061803. [PMID: 15323621 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.061803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report a fully inclusive measurement of the flavor changing neutral current decay b --> sgamma in the energy range 1.8 GeV < or = E*gamma < or = 2.8 GeV, covering 95% of the total spectrum. Using 140 fb(-1), we obtain B(b --> sgamma) = (3.55+/-0.32(+0.30+0.11)(-0.31-0.07)) x 10(-4), where the errors are statistical, systematic, and from theory corrections. We also measure the first and second moments of the photon energy spectrum above 1.8 GeV and obtain (Egamma) = 2.292+/-0.026+/-0.034 GeV and (E2gamma) - (Egamma)2 = 0.0305+/-0.0074+/-0.0063 GeV2, where the errors are statistical and systematic.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Koppenburg
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Japan
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Sarangi TR, Abe K, Abe K, Abe T, Aihara H, Asano Y, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Bahinipati S, Bakich AM, Ban Y, Banerjee S, Bitenc U, Bizjak I, Blyth S, Bondar A, Bracko M, Browder TE, Chang MC, Chang P, Chen KF, Cheon BG, Chistov R, Choi SK, Choi Y, Chuvikov A, Cole S, Danilov M, Dash M, Dong LY, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Eiges V, Fratina S, Gabyshev N, Garmash A, Gershon T, Gokhroo G, Haba J, Hara K, Hastings NC, Hayashii H, Hazumi M, Higuchi T, Hinz L, Hokuue T, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Ishino H, Itoh R, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki M, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kapusta P, Kataoka SU, Kawai H, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kim HJ, Kim HO, Kim SK, Kim TH, Kinoshita K, Korpar S, Krizan P, Krokovny P, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Leder G, Lee SH, Lesiak T, Li J, Lin SW, Liventsev D, MacNaughton J, Mandl F, Marlow D, Matsumoto T, Matyja A, Mikami Y, Mitaroff W, Miyabayashi K, Miyake H, Miyata H, Mohapatra D, Moloney GR, Nagamine T, Nagasaka Y, Nakadaira T, Nakao M, Nakazawa H, Natkaniec Z, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Nozaki T, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Okabe T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Ostrowicz W, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Palka H, Park H, Park KS, Parslow N, Piilonen LE, Rozanska M, Sagawa H, Saitoh S, Sakai Y, Satapathy M, Schneider O, Schümann J, Schwanda C, Schwartz AJ, Semenov S, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Shibuya H, Sidorov V, Singh JB, Soni N, Stamen R, Stanic S, Staric M, Sumisawa K, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki S, Swain SK, Tajima O, Takasaki F, Tanaka M, Taylor GN, Tomura T, Trabelsi K, Tsuboyama T, Uehara S, Uglov T, Ueno K, Unno Y, Uno S, Varner G, Varvell KE, Wang CH, Wang MZ, Watanabe M, Yabsley BD, Yamada Y, Yamaguchi A, Yamashita Y, Ying J, Yusa Y, Zhang J, Zhang ZP, Zheng Y, Zhilich V, Ziegler T, Zontar D. Study of CP violating effects in time dependent B0(B0)-->D(*)-/+pi+/- decays. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:031802. [PMID: 15323813 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.031802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of time dependent decay rates for B0(B(0))-->D((*)-/+)pi(+/-) decays and extraction of CP violation parameters containing phi(3). Using fully reconstructed D((*))pi events from a 140 fb(-1) data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance, we obtain the CP violation parameters for D(*)pi and Dpi decays, 2R(D((*))pi)sin((2phi(1)+phi(3)+/-delta(D((*))pi)), where R(D((*))pi) is the ratio of the magnitudes of the doubly Cabibbo-suppressed and Cabibbo-favored amplitudes, and delta(D((*))pi) is the strong phase difference between them. Under the assumption of delta(D((*))pi) being close to either 0 degrees or 180 degrees, we obtain |2R(D(*)pi)sin((2phi(1)+phi(3))|=0.060+/-0.040(stat)+/-0.019(syst) and |2R(Dpi)sin((2phi(1)+phi(3))|=0.061+/-0.037(stat)+/-0.018(syst).
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Sarangi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba
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Abstract
Alkaline-heat-treated titanium self-forms an apatite surface layer in vivo. The aim of the present study was to materialistically characterize the surface of alkaline-heat-treated titanium immersed in simulated body fluid (AHS-TI) and to examine the differentiation behavior of osteoblasts on AHS-TI. SEM, thin-film XRD, FTIR, and XPS analyses revealed that AHS-TI contained a 1.0- micro m-thick, low-crystalline, and [002] direction-oriented carbonate apatite surface. Human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells were cultured on polystyrene, titanium, and AHS-TI, and RT-PCR analyses of osteogenic differentiation-related mRNAs were conducted. On AHS-TI, the expression of bone sialoprotein mRNA was up-regulated as compared with that on polystyrene and titanium (p < 0.05). On AHS-TI, the expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin mRNAs was up-regulated as compared with that on polystyrene (p<0.05). The results indicate that the apatite was bone-like and accelerated the osteogenic differentiation of SaOS-2, suggesting that alkaline-heat treatment might facilitate better integration of titanium implants with bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University School of Dentistry, Morioka, Iwate, Japan.
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Funakoshi A, Okusaka T, Ishii H, Sawaki A, Ohkawa S, Ishikawa O, Saitoh S. Phase II study of irinotecan (CPT-11) alone in patients (pts) with metastatic pancreatic cancer. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.4102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Funakoshi
- National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; Osaka Medical Center for Cancer & Cardiovascular, Osaka, Japan; Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan
| | - T. Okusaka
- National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; Osaka Medical Center for Cancer & Cardiovascular, Osaka, Japan; Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan
| | - H. Ishii
- National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; Osaka Medical Center for Cancer & Cardiovascular, Osaka, Japan; Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan
| | - A. Sawaki
- National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; Osaka Medical Center for Cancer & Cardiovascular, Osaka, Japan; Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan
| | - S. Ohkawa
- National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; Osaka Medical Center for Cancer & Cardiovascular, Osaka, Japan; Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan
| | - O. Ishikawa
- National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; Osaka Medical Center for Cancer & Cardiovascular, Osaka, Japan; Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan
| | - S. Saitoh
- National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan; Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan; Osaka Medical Center for Cancer & Cardiovascular, Osaka, Japan; Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan
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Suzuki F, Arase Y, Suzuki Y, Tsubota A, Akuta N, Hosaka T, Someya T, Kobayashi M, Saitoh S, Ikeda K, Kobayashi M, Matsuda M, Takagi K, Satoh J, Kumada H. Single nucleotide polymorphism of the MxA gene promoter influences the response to interferon monotherapy in patients with hepatitis C viral infection. J Viral Hepat 2004; 11:271-6. [PMID: 15117331 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2004.00509.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The biological activity of interferon (IFN) is mediated by the induction of intracellular antiviral proteins, such as 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase, dsRNA-activated protein kinase and MxA protein. Among these, MxA protein is assumed to be the most specific surrogate parameter for IFN action. This study was performed to elucidate whether a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (G/T at nt-88) in the promoter region of the MxA gene influences the response to IFN therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Polymorphisms of the MxA gene in 235 HCV patients were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The frequency of SNP was compared between sustained-responders (n = 78) and nonresponders (n = 157), as determined by biochemical and virological responses to IFN. Multivariate analysis showed that among all patients, HCV genotype, HCV RNA level and the SNP of the MxA gene were independent and significant determinants of the outcome of IFN therapy [odds ratio 3.8 (95% confidence interval 2.0-7.0), P < 0.0001; 0.27 (0.15-0.50), P < 0.0001; 1.8 (1.0-3.4), P = 0.0464, respectively]. Furthermore, among patients with a low viral load (< or =2.0 Meq/mL), MxA-T-positive patients were more likely to show a sustained response compared with MxA-T-negative patients [2.87 (1.3-6.3); 62%vs 36%; P = 0.0075]. Our findings suggested that the SNP of the MxA gene is one of the important host factors that independently influences the response to IFN in patients with chronic HCV infection, especially those with a low viral load.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
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