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Reid L, Hayatdavoodi M, Majumdar S. Airflow through the supraglottis during inspiration. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2023; 26:1462-1477. [PMID: 36094796 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2022.2121605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction is a paradoxical laryngeal closure during inspiration at high-intensity exercise, with supraglottic closure being most common. This study develops a model based on the computational fluid dynamics to investigate airflow velocity and pressure and the air-induced loads on the supraglottis at various inspiratory flow rates. It is found that at high flow rates, positive wall pressure is formed in the hypopharynx localise towards its lower region, while posterior supraglottic wall pressures shift from positive to negative. These findings suggest that high inspiratory flow rates may increase supraglottic pressure differentials, ultimately contributing in the collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Reid
- Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - M Hayatdavoodi
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - S Majumdar
- Ear, Nose, and Throat Department, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
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2
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Majumdar S, McKinley K, Chamberlain J, Thomas B, Margulies S, Nickel R, Darbari D, Campbell A, Berul C, Summar M, Kalsi G. Design of an adaptive randomized clinical trial of intravenous citrulline for sickle cell pain crisis in the emergency department. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2023; 32:101077. [PMID: 36698745 PMCID: PMC9868327 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vaso-occlusive pain crisis (VOC) is the most frequent cause for Emergency Department (ED) visits and hospital admissions for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Nitric oxide plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of vaso-occlusion. The amino acid, citrulline, is the main endothelial nitric oxide booster that offers the potential to ameliorate vaso-occlusion and decrease the risk of hospitalization. Objective In this two-part study, the goal of the first part is to determine the pharmacokinetic profile of intravenous (IV) l-citrulline and optimal dose for the second part of the study, which is to determine the efficacy and tolerability of the intervention in patients with SCD. Design A phase I/IIA open-label dose-finding study with subsequent double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized Study of l-citrulline in children and adolescents with SCD presenting to the ED in VOC. Methods Part 1: Subjects experiencing VOC are enrolled in an open-label, ascending dose of IV l-citrulline to identify the optimum dose with endpoints of pharmacokinetic parameters, pain scores, reduction of opioid use, quality of life, proportion admitted to the hospital for treatment of pain, readmission rates, and assessment of adverse events. Part 2 of the trial is a double-blind, placebo-controlled adaptive "pick-the-winner" design to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of IV l-citrulline in patients with SCD while receiving standard of care therapy for VOC. Summary This ED based sickle cell adaptive trial will determine the optimal dose for IV citrulline and whether the intervention improves outcome as a potential novel therapy for VOC in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Majumdar
- Departments of Hematology at Children's National Hospital, United States,Corresponding author. Center for Cancer & Blood Disorders, Washington DC, 20010, United States.
| | - K.W. McKinley
- Departments of Emergency Medicine at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - J. Chamberlain
- Departments of Emergency Medicine at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - B. Thomas
- Departments of Emergency Medicine at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - S. Margulies
- Departments of Hematology at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - R.S. Nickel
- Departments of Hematology at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - D.S. Darbari
- Departments of Hematology at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - A. Campbell
- Departments of Hematology at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - C. Berul
- Departments of Cardiology at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - M. Summar
- Departments of Genetics at Children's National Hospital, United States
| | - G. Kalsi
- Asklepion Pharmaceuticals, United States
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3
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Tursi NJ, Xu Z, Helble M, Walker S, Liaw K, Chokkalingam N, Kannan T, Wu Y, Tello-Ruiz E, Park DH, Zhu X, Wise MC, Smith TRF, Majumdar S, Kossenkov A, Kulp DW, Weiner DB. Engineered antibody cytokine chimera synergizes with DNA-launched nanoparticle vaccines to potentiate melanoma suppression in vivo. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1072810. [PMID: 36911698 PMCID: PMC9997082 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1072810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has demonstrated great promise with several checkpoint inhibitors being approved as the first-line therapy for some types of cancer, and new engineered cytokines such as Neo2/15 now being evaluated in many studies. In this work, we designed antibody-cytokine chimera (ACC) scaffolding cytokine mimetics on a full-length tumor-specific antibody. We characterized the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of first-generation ACC TA99-Neo2/15, which synergized with DLnano-vaccines to suppress in vivo melanoma proliferation and induced significant systemic cytokine activation. A novel second-generation ACC TA99-HL2-KOA1, with retained IL-2Rβ/γ binding and attenuated but preserved IL-2Rα binding, induced lower systemic cytokine activation with non-inferior protection in murine tumor studies. Transcriptomic analyses demonstrated an upregulation of Type I interferon responsive genes, particularly ISG15, in dendritic cells, macrophages and monocytes following TA99-HL2-KOA1 treatment. Characterization of additional ACCs in combination with cancer vaccines will likely be an important area of research for treating melanoma and other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Tursi
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ziyang Xu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michaela Helble
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Susanne Walker
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kevin Liaw
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Neethu Chokkalingam
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Toshitha Kannan
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yuanhan Wu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Edgar Tello-Ruiz
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Daniel H Park
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xizhou Zhu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Megan C Wise
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Bluebell, PA, United States
| | | | - Sonali Majumdar
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Andrew Kossenkov
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Daniel W Kulp
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - David B Weiner
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Adadadara T, Majumdar S, Maka V, Kumar S. 442P Dose intensity and tolerance of modified FOLFIRINOX in patients with advanced cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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Bharadwaj UU, Ben-Natan AR, Huang J, Pedoia V, Chou D, Majumdar S, Link TM, Chin CT. Evaluation of 2 Novel Ratio-Based Metrics for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:1530-1538. [PMID: 36109122 PMCID: PMC9575539 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Quantitative metrics of the dural sac such as the cross-sectional area are commonly used to evaluate central canal stenosis. The aim of this study was to analyze 2 new metrics to measure spinal stenosis on the basis of the ratio between the dural sac and disc cross-sectional areas (DDRCA) and the dural sac and disc anterior-posterior diameters (DDRDIA) and compare them with established quantitative metrics of the dural sac. MATERIALS AND METHODS T2-weighted axial MR images (n = 260 patients) were retrospectively evaluated, graded for central canal stenosis as normal (no stenosis), mild, moderate, or severe from L1/L2 through L5/S1 with 1 grade per spinal level and annotated to measure the DDRCA and DDRDIA. Thresholds were obtained using a decision tree classifier on a subset of patients (n = 130) and evaluated on the remaining patients (n = 130) for accuracy and consistency across demographics, anatomic variation, and clinical outcomes. RESULTS DDRCA and DDRDIA had areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 98.6 (97.4-99.3) and 98.0 (96.7-98.9) compared with dural sac cross-sectional area at 96.5 (95.0-97.7) for binary classification. DDRDIA and DDRCA had κ scores of 0.75 (0.71-0.79) and 0.80 (0.75-0.83) compared with dural sac cross-sectional area at 0.62 (0.57-0.66) for multigrade classification. No significant differences (P > .1) in the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were observed for the DDRDIA across variations in the body mass index. The DDRDIA also had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve among symptomatic patients (visual analog scale ≥ 7) or patients who underwent surgery. CONCLUSIONS Ratio-based metrics (DDRDIA and DDRCA) are accurate and robust to anatomic and demographic variability compared with quantitative metrics of the dural sac and better correlated with symptomatology and surgical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- U U Bharadwaj
- From the Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (U.U.B., V.P., S.M., T.M.L., C.T.C.)
| | - A R Ben-Natan
- Neurological Surgery (A.R.B.-N., J.H., D.C.), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - J Huang
- Neurological Surgery (A.R.B.-N., J.H., D.C.), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - V Pedoia
- From the Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (U.U.B., V.P., S.M., T.M.L., C.T.C.)
| | - D Chou
- Neurological Surgery (A.R.B.-N., J.H., D.C.), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - S Majumdar
- From the Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (U.U.B., V.P., S.M., T.M.L., C.T.C.)
| | - T M Link
- From the Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (U.U.B., V.P., S.M., T.M.L., C.T.C.)
| | - C T Chin
- From the Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (U.U.B., V.P., S.M., T.M.L., C.T.C.)
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Roychowdhury A, Dalui T, Ghose P, Mahatha S, Wind N, Rossnagel K, Majumdar S, Giri S. Coexisting ferromagnetic component and negative magnetoresistance at low temperature in single crystals of the VdW material GaGeTe. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Hu C, Ni D, Nam KH, Majumdar S, McLean J, Stahlberg H, Terns MP, Ke A. Allosteric control of type I-A CRISPR-Cas3 complexes and establishment as effective nucleic acid detection and human genome editing tools. Mol Cell 2022; 82:2754-2768.e5. [PMID: 35835111 PMCID: PMC9357151 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Type I CRISPR-Cas systems typically rely on a two-step process to degrade DNA. First, an RNA-guided complex named Cascade identifies the complementary DNA target. The helicase-nuclease fusion enzyme Cas3 is then recruited in trans for processive DNA degradation. Contrary to this model, here, we show that type I-A Cascade and Cas3 function as an integral effector complex. We provide four cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) snapshots of the Pyrococcus furiosus (Pfu) type I-A effector complex in different stages of DNA recognition and degradation. The HD nuclease of Cas3 is autoinhibited inside the effector complex. It is only allosterically activated upon full R-loop formation, when the entire targeted region has been validated by the RNA guide. The mechanistic insights inspired us to convert Pfu Cascade-Cas3 into a high-sensitivity, low-background, and temperature-activated nucleic acid detection tool. Moreover, Pfu CRISPR-Cas3 shows robust bi-directional deletion-editing activity in human cells, which could find usage in allele-specific inactivation of disease-causing mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, 253 Biotechnology Building, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Dongchun Ni
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Cubotron, Route de la Sorge, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Fundamental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ki Hyun Nam
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sonali Majumdar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Genetics, and Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Justin McLean
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Genetics, and Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Henning Stahlberg
- Laboratory of Biological Electron Microscopy, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Cubotron, Route de la Sorge, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Fundamental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael P Terns
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Genetics, and Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ailong Ke
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, 253 Biotechnology Building, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Siripurapu I, Maka V, Majumdar S, Palassery R, Elackatt N, Mandade A, Adadadara T, Pathak S, Agrawal C, Jayaprakash P, Manmatha P, Kumar S. 140P A study on assessment of barriers to genetic counselling and testing among breast and ovarian cancer patients in a tertiary referral hospital in India. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.03.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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9
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Indra A, Mukherjee S, Gutowski O, Zimmermann MV, Majumdar S, Giri S. Structural correlation to ferroelectric order, non-Griffiths like phase and magnetocaloric effect in YbCrO 4. J Phys Condens Matter 2022; 34:155402. [PMID: 35073536 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac4e46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report a ferroelectric order around ∼99 K (TFE), which is considerably above the long range ferrimagnetic order at 25 K (TN). The value of saturation electric polarization is considerable as ∼570μC m-2for a poling field of 5 kV cm-1. The ferroelectric order is associated with a significant magnetoelectric coupling below ∼90 K. A weak signature ofTFEis observed in the dielectric constant, which is associated with a linear magnetodielectric response at 18 K(<TN). A transition to a polar structure has been correlated with the occurrence of ferroelectric order. A non-Griffiths like phase is observed around ∼48 K, which is also linked with the structural distortion. A reasonable value of the magnetic entropy change of 5.07 J Kg-1 K-1is noted atTNfor a change in field of 50 kOe, which involves a strong magnetoelastic coupling. The results indicate considerable structural instabilities, which is linked with the observed multifunctional properties of YbCrO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Indra
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Department of Physics, Srikrishna College, Bagula, Nadia, WB 741502, India
| | - S Mukherjee
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - O Gutowski
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M V Zimmermann
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Majumdar
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - S Giri
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Xu Z, Walker S, Wise MC, Chokkalingam N, Purwar M, Moore A, Tello-Ruiz E, Wu Y, Majumdar S, Konrath KM, Kulkarni A, Tursi NJ, Zaidi FI, Reuschel EL, Patel I, Obeirne A, Du J, Schultheis K, Gites L, Smith T, Mendoza J, Broderick KE, Humeau L, Pallesen J, Weiner DB, Kulp DW. Induction of tier-2 neutralizing antibodies in mice with a DNA-encoded HIV envelope native like trimer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:695. [PMID: 35121758 PMCID: PMC8816947 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28363-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV Envelope (Env) is the main vaccine target for induction of neutralizing antibodies. Stabilizing Env into native-like trimer (NLT) conformations is required for recombinant protein immunogens to induce autologous neutralizing antibodies(nAbs) against difficult to neutralize HIV strains (tier-2) in rabbits and non-human primates. Immunizations of mice with NLTs have generally failed to induce tier-2 nAbs. Here, we show that DNA-encoded NLTs fold properly in vivo and induce autologous tier-2 nAbs in mice. DNA-encoded NLTs also uniquely induce both CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell responses as compared to corresponding protein immunizations. Murine neutralizing antibodies are identified with an advanced sequencing technology. The structure of an Env-Ab (C05) complex, as determined by cryo-EM, identifies a previously undescribed neutralizing Env C3/V5 epitope. Beyond potential functional immunity gains, DNA vaccines permit in vivo folding of structured antigens and provide significant cost and speed advantages for enabling rapid evaluation of new HIV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Xu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Susanne Walker
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Megan C Wise
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462, USA
| | - Neethu Chokkalingam
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mansi Purwar
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alan Moore
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Edgar Tello-Ruiz
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yuanhan Wu
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sonali Majumdar
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kylie M Konrath
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Abhijeet Kulkarni
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nicholas J Tursi
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Faraz I Zaidi
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Emma L Reuschel
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ishaan Patel
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - April Obeirne
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jianqiu Du
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | | | - Lauren Gites
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462, USA
| | - Trevor Smith
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462, USA
| | - Janess Mendoza
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462, USA
| | | | - Laurent Humeau
- Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Plymouth Meeting, PA, 19462, USA
| | - Jesper Pallesen
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - David B Weiner
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Daniel W Kulp
- Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Agricola R, Crossley K, Heerey J, Kemp J, King M, Lawrenson P, Link T, Majumdar S, Pizzari T, Smith A, Souza R, Srinivasan R. Cam morphology is associated with early hip OA features in young adult football players with and without hip and groin pain. J Sci Med Sport 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Agricola R, Crossley K, Heerey J, Kemp J, King M, Lawrenson P, Link T, Majumdar S, Smith A, Souza R. What is the relationship between imaging-defined intra-articular features and cartilage defects in young adult football players? J Sci Med Sport 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Colney L, Muduly D, Imaduddin M, Ambre S, Kumar CG P, Sultania M, Swain J, Majumdar S, Mohakud S, Patra S, Kar M. P-244 Role of preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography in staging of gastric cancer in patients undergoing upfront surgery with curative intent. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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14
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Kumar CG P, Muduly D, Imaduddin M, Ambre S, Colney L, Sultania M, Swain J, Majumdar S, Mohakud S, Patra S, Kar M. P-282 Factors predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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15
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Sriramoju S, Kumar D, Majumdar S, Dash P, Shee D, Banerjee R. Sustainability of coal mines: Separation of clean coal from the fine-coal rejects by ultra-fine grinding and density-gradient-centrifugation. POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Chatterjee A, Indra A, Gutowski O, Zimmerman MV, Majumdar S, Giri S. Significant magneto-elastic coupling at Griffiths-like phase boundaries in low dimensional oxides, ASb 2O 6( A=Ni and Mn). J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:195701. [PMID: 33542167 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abe350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The compounds, NiSb2O6(NSO) and MnSb2O6(MSO) attract the community for the quasi one-dimensional and layered structure composed of Ni2+and Mn2+, which orders antiferromagnetically atTN= 6.7 and 12 K, respectively. Here, we report the Griffiths-like phase much aboveTNin the range of 37-85 K and 25-80 K for NSO and MSO, respectively. The dc magnetization results indicate the Griffiths-like phase, following the modified Curie-Weiss law. The magneto-capacitive responses for both the compounds show anomalies at the onset of the Griffiths-like phase. Intriguingly, the low temperature synchrotron diffraction results are conclusive for determining the singularities for both the compounds. Interplay between the low-dimensionality, magnetic frustration, and magneto-elastic coupling correlates the observed short range ordered state, which is suggested as a Griffiths-like phase, aboveTNfor both the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chatterjee
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - A Indra
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Department of Physics, Sri Krishna College, Bagula, Nadia, W.B. 741502, India
| | - O Gutowski
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestraβe 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M V Zimmerman
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestraβe 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Majumdar
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - S Giri
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Lee S, Wei L, Zhang B, Goering R, Majumdar S, Wen J, Taliaferro JM, Lai EC. ELAV/Hu RNA binding proteins determine multiple programs of neural alternative splicing. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009439. [PMID: 33826609 PMCID: PMC8055025 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ELAV/Hu factors are conserved RNA binding proteins (RBPs) that play diverse roles in mRNA processing and regulation. The founding member, Drosophila Elav, was recognized as a vital neural factor 35 years ago. Nevertheless, little was known about its impacts on the transcriptome, and potential functional overlap with its paralogs. Building on our recent findings that neural-specific lengthened 3' UTR isoforms are co-determined by ELAV/Hu factors, we address their impacts on splicing. While only a few splicing targets of Drosophila are known, ectopic expression of each of the three family members (Elav, Fne and Rbp9) alters hundreds of cassette exon and alternative last exon (ALE) splicing choices. Reciprocally, double mutants of elav/fne, but not elav alone, exhibit opposite effects on both classes of regulated mRNA processing events in larval CNS. While manipulation of Drosophila ELAV/Hu RBPs induces both exon skipping and inclusion, characteristic ELAV/Hu motifs are enriched only within introns flanking exons that are suppressed by ELAV/Hu factors. Moreover, the roles of ELAV/Hu factors in global promotion of distal ALE splicing are mechanistically linked to terminal 3' UTR extensions in neurons, since both processes involve bypass of proximal polyadenylation signals linked to ELAV/Hu motifs downstream of cleavage sites. We corroborate the direct action of Elav in diverse modes of mRNA processing using RRM-dependent Elav-CLIP data from S2 cells. Finally, we provide evidence for conservation in mammalian neurons, which undergo broad programs of distal ALE and APA lengthening, linked to ELAV/Hu motifs downstream of regulated polyadenylation sites. Overall, ELAV/Hu RBPs orchestrate multiple broad programs of neuronal mRNA processing and isoform diversification in Drosophila and mammalian neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjae Lee
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Lu Wei
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Binglong Zhang
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Raeann Goering
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- RNA Bioscience Initiative University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Sonali Majumdar
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Jiayu Wen
- Department of Genome Sciences, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - J. Matthew Taliaferro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- RNA Bioscience Initiative University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Eric C. Lai
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York City, New York, United States of America
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18
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Heerey JJ, Srinivasan R, Agricola R, Smith A, Kemp JL, Pizzari T, King MG, Lawrenson PR, Scholes MJ, Souza RB, Link T, Majumdar S, Crossley KM. Prevalence of early hip OA features on MRI in high-impact athletes. The femoroacetabular impingement and hip osteoarthritis cohort (FORCe) study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:323-334. [PMID: 33387651 PMCID: PMC8900484 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare early hip osteoarthritis (OA) features on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in high-impact athletes with and without hip and/or groin pain, and to evaluate associations between early hip OA features, the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT33) and Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS). DESIGN This case-control study evaluated data of the femoroacetabular impingement and hip osteoarthritis cohort (FORCe). One hundred and eighty-two symptomatic (hip and/or groin pain >6 months and positive flexion-adduction-internal-rotation (FADIR) test) and 55 pain-free high-impact athletes (soccer or Australian football (AF)) without definite radiographic hip OA underwent hip MRI. The Scoring Hip Osteoarthritis with MRI (SHOMRI) method quantified and graded the severity of OA features. Each participant completed the iHOT33 and HAGOS. RESULTS Hip and/or groin pain was associated with higher total SHOMRI (0-96) (mean difference 1.4, 95% CI: 0.7-2.2), labral score (adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 1.33, 95% CI: 1.1-1.6). Differences in prevalence of cartilage defects, labral tears and paralabral cysts between symptomatic and pain-free participants were inconclusive. There was a lower prevalence of effusion-synovitis in symptomatic participants when compared to pain-free participants (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.46 (95% CI: 0.3-0.8). Early hip OA features were not associated with iHOT33 or HAGOS. CONCLUSIONS A complex and poorly understood relationship exists between hip and/or groin pain and early hip OA features present on MRI in high-impact athletes without radiographic OA. Hip and/or groin pain was associated with higher SHOMRI and labral scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Heerey
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia.
| | - R Srinivasan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California-San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - R Agricola
- Department of Orthopaedics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - A Smith
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtain University, Perth, Australia.
| | - J L Kemp
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia.
| | - T Pizzari
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia.
| | - M G King
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia.
| | | | - M J Scholes
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia.
| | - R B Souza
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California-San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California-San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - T Link
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California-San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - S Majumdar
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California-San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - K M Crossley
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia.
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Somasundaram R, Connelly T, Choi R, Choi H, Samarkina A, Li L, Gregorio E, Chen Y, Thakur R, Abdel-Mohsen M, Beqiri M, Kiernan M, Perego M, Wang F, Xiao M, Brafford P, Yang X, Xu X, Secreto A, Danet-Desnoyers G, Traum D, Kaestner KH, Huang AC, Hristova D, Wang J, Fukunaga-Kalabis M, Krepler C, Ping-Chen F, Zhou X, Gutierrez A, Rebecca VW, Vonteddu P, Dotiwala F, Bala S, Majumdar S, Dweep H, Wickramasinghe J, Kossenkov AV, Reyes-Arbujas J, Santiago K, Nguyen T, Griss J, Keeney F, Hayden J, Gavin BJ, Weiner D, Montaner LJ, Liu Q, Peiffer L, Becker J, Burton EM, Davies MA, Tetzlaff MT, Muthumani K, Wargo JA, Gabrilovich D, Herlyn M. Tumor-infiltrating mast cells are associated with resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:346. [PMID: 33436641 PMCID: PMC7804257 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-PD-1 therapy is used as a front-line treatment for many cancers, but mechanistic insight into this therapy resistance is still lacking. Here we generate a humanized (Hu)-mouse melanoma model by injecting fetal liver-derived CD34+ cells and implanting autologous thymus in immune-deficient NOD-scid IL2Rγnull (NSG) mice. Reconstituted Hu-mice are challenged with HLA-matched melanomas and treated with anti-PD-1, which results in restricted tumor growth but not complete regression. Tumor RNA-seq, multiplexed imaging and immunohistology staining show high expression of chemokines, as well as recruitment of FOXP3+ Treg and mast cells, in selective tumor regions. Reduced HLA-class I expression and CD8+/Granz B+ T cells homeostasis are observed in tumor regions where FOXP3+ Treg and mast cells co-localize, with such features associated with resistance to anti-PD-1 treatment. Combining anti-PD-1 with sunitinib or imatinib results in the depletion of mast cells and complete regression of tumors. Our results thus implicate mast cell depletion for improving the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy. Immune checkpoint therapies (ICT) are promising for treating various cancers, but response rates vary. Here the authors show, in mouse models, that tumor-infiltrating mast cells colocalize with regulatory T cells, coincide with local reduction of MHC-I and CD8 T cells, and is associated with resistance to ICT, which can be reversed by c-kit inhibitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robin Choi
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Ling Li
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Rohit Thakur
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Fang Wang
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Min Xiao
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Xue Yang
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Department of Pathology and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anthony Secreto
- Department of Medicine, Stem Cell and Xenograft Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gwenn Danet-Desnoyers
- Department of Medicine, Stem Cell and Xenograft Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Traum
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Klaus H Kaestner
- Department of Genetics and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander C Huang
- Department of Pathology and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Johannes Griss
- Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases (DIAID), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qin Liu
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Elizabeth M Burton
- Department of Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Davies
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael T Tetzlaff
- Department of Pathology and Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kar Muthumani
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,GeneOne Life Science Inc., Fort Washington, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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20
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Majumdar S, Kishor J, Behera AN, Vishwanadh B, Borgohain A, Kapoor R, Tewari R, Kain V, Krishnan M, Dey GK, Banerjee S. Preparation and Characterization of Nb-1Zr-0.1C Alloy Suitable for Liquid Metal Coolant Channels of High Temperature Reactors. Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4047919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A novel process comprising of aluminothermic coreduction of mixed oxides followed by arc and electron beam melt refining was developed for preparation of Nb-1Zr-0.1C alloy. The parameters of the process were optimized by considering the thermodynamic (heat) and mass balance phenomenon. The ingots of the homogenized alloy produced after electron beam melt consolidation were further extruded into tubes. The alloy was vacuum annealed at 1350–1800 °C to study the stability of Nb2C and Nb(Zr)C carbide precipitates in the microstructure. Compression creep tests conducted at 900 and 1000 °C revealed a stress exponent value of 2 and activation energy of 508 kJ/mol. NbSi2-based coatings were developed on the Nb-1Zr-0.1C alloy tubes using pack siliconizing process. The coated alloy was tested for oxidation at 1250 °C, and corrosion in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) alloy at 875 °C for prolonged duration. The silicide-coated alloy showed superior oxidation and LBE corrosion resistance at high temperatures. The alloy was found to be a promising material for coolant channels of high temperature reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Majumdar
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - J. Kishor
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - A. N. Behera
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - B. Vishwanadh
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - A. Borgohain
- Reactor Engineering Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - R. Kapoor
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - R. Tewari
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - V. Kain
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Madangopal Krishnan
- Materials Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - G. K. Dey
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - S. Banerjee
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
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21
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Ansari SA, Sahoo GC, Dey S, Majumdar S, Mohapatra PK. Radiation stability of ceramic tubular membranes containing ammonium molybdophosphate (AMP) for the application of radio-cesium recovery from radioactive wastes. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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Wei L, Lee S, Majumdar S, Zhang B, Sanfilippo P, Joseph B, Miura P, Soller M, Lai EC. Overlapping Activities of ELAV/Hu Family RNA Binding Proteins Specify the Extended Neuronal 3' UTR Landscape in Drosophila. Mol Cell 2020; 80:140-155.e6. [PMID: 33007254 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The tissue-specific deployment of highly extended neural 3' UTR isoforms, generated by alternative polyadenylation (APA), is a broad and conserved feature of metazoan genomes. However, the factors and mechanisms that control neural APA isoforms are not well understood. Here, we show that three ELAV/Hu RNA binding proteins (Elav, Rbp9, and Fne) have similar capacities to induce a lengthened 3' UTR landscape in an ectopic setting. These factors promote accumulation of chromatin-associated, 3' UTR-extended, nascent transcripts, through inhibition of proximal polyadenylation site (PAS) usage. Notably, Elav represses an unannotated splice isoform of fne, switching the normally cytoplasmic Fne toward the nucleus in elav mutants. We use genomic profiling to reveal strong and broad loss of neural APA in elav/fne double mutant CNS, the first genetic background to largely abrogate this distinct APA signature. Overall, we demonstrate how regulatory interplay and functionally overlapping activities of neural ELAV/Hu RBPs drives the neural APA landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wei
- Department of Developmental Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Seungjae Lee
- Department of Developmental Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sonali Majumdar
- Department of Developmental Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Binglong Zhang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Piero Sanfilippo
- Department of Developmental Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; Louis V. Gerstner, Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Brian Joseph
- Department of Developmental Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; Louis V. Gerstner, Jr. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Pedro Miura
- Department of Developmental Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Matthias Soller
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Eric C Lai
- Department of Developmental Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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23
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Dalui TK, Ghose PK, Majumdar S, Giri S. Interplay between positive magnetoresistance and thermoelectric properties by tuning carrier concentration in Sb 2-x Sn x Te 3 (x ⩽ 0.05) crystals. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:435601. [PMID: 32634794 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aba386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report transport properties of Sb2-x Sn x Te3 (x ⩽ 0.05) single crystals, where the tuning of the charge carrier densities via Sn doping significantly improves the magnetoresistance (MR) and the thermoelectric (TE) properties. The MR increases significantly at 2 K for x = 0.01, which reduces considerably with further Sn doping at x = 0.05. The MR results below 90 K for x = 0.01 satisfy the semi-classical two-band approach of Kohler's rule, which does not satisfy the MR results for x = 0.05. At 300 K, the Seebeck coefficient (S) is positive and small for x = 0.01 and it changes the sign with the further increase in Sn doping at x = 0.05 at 300 K. The value of |S| is considerable with an enhancement of the thermoelectric power factor compared to the value for x = 0.01 at 300 K. Analysis of the Hall conductivity indicates the interplay between carrier mobilities and densities, leading to the tuning of MR and TE properties with Sn doping. These results demonstrate that the p-type Sb2Te3 becomes n-type with a suitable doping engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Dalui
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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24
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Qian L, Soderquist C, Schrank‐Hacker A, Strauser H, Dupoux V, Tang CN, Smith JR, Sun A, Majumdar S, Nguyen T, Widura S, Landsburg DJ, Schuster SJ, Baxter RHG, Bogusz AM. Deletion 20q12 is associated with histological transformation of nodal marginal zone lymphoma to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Am J Hematol 2020; 95:238-244. [PMID: 31804739 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The genetic and molecular abnormalities underlying histological transformation (HT) of nodal marginal zone lymphoma (NMZL) to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are not well known. While del(20q12) is commonly deleted in myelodysplastic syndrome it has not previously been associated with DLBCL. We recently described a case of DLBCL harboring del(20q12) in a patient with a history of MZL involving lymph nodes and skin. Here we report eight matched cases of transformed MZL(tMZL): six from nodal MZL (tNMZL) and two from splenic MZL (tSMZL). We found >20% del(20q12) in 4/6 tNMZL, but not in tSMZL, nor in unmatched DLBCL, MZL with increased large cells (MZL-ILC), or MZL cases. To examine whether transformation is associated with a specific gene signature, the matched cases were analyzed for multiplexed gene expression using the Nanostring PanCancer Pathways panel. The differential gene expression signature revealed enrichment of inflammatory markers, as previously observed in MZL. Also, tMZL and de novo DLBCL were enriched for extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen and fibronectin, vascular development protein PDGFRβ, DNA repair protein RAD51, and oncogenic secrete protein Wnt11. A subset of genes is expressed differentially in del(20q12) tMZL cases vs non-del(20q12) tMZL cases. These results suggest a specific pathway is involved in the histological transformation of NMZL, which could serve as an indicator of aggressive clinical course in this otherwise indolent neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qian
- Department of Medical Genetics & Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of MedicineTemple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Craig Soderquist
- Department of Pathology and Cell BiologyColumbia University Medical Center New York Pennsylvania
| | - April Schrank‐Hacker
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineHospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Honore Strauser
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineHospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Vanessa Dupoux
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineHospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Chi Ngong Tang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineHospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer R. Smith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineHospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Ang Sun
- Department of BiologyTemple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Sonali Majumdar
- Wistar Genomics Shared ResourceThe Wistar Institute Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Tran Nguyen
- Wistar Genomics Shared ResourceThe Wistar Institute Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Sandy Widura
- Wistar Genomics Shared ResourceThe Wistar Institute Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel J. Landsburg
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
- Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer CenterUniversity of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen J. Schuster
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
- Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer CenterUniversity of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Richard H. G. Baxter
- Department of Medical Genetics & Molecular Biochemistry, Lewis Katz School of MedicineTemple University Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Agata M. Bogusz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineHospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
- Lymphoma Program, Abramson Cancer CenterUniversity of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Berry
- Department of Microbiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road Manchester, M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - I. Hassan
- Department of Microbiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road Manchester, M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - S. Majumdar
- Department of Microbiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road Manchester, M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - A. Vardhan
- Manchester Institute of Nephrology & Transplantation Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road Manchester, M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - A. McEwen
- Department of Microbiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road Manchester, M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - R. Gokal
- Manchester Institute of Nephrology & Transplantation Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road Manchester, M13 9WL, United Kingdom
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Bera PK, Majumdar S, Ouillon G, Sornette D, Sood AK. Quantitative earthquake-like statistical properties of the flow of soft materials below yield stress. Nat Commun 2020; 11:9. [PMID: 31911596 PMCID: PMC6946698 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The flow behavior of soft materials below the yield stress can be rich and is not fully understood. Here, we report shear-stress-induced reorganization of three-dimensional solid-like soft materials formed by closely packed nematic domains of surfactant micelles and a repulsive Wigner glass formed by anisotropic clay nano-discs having ionic interactions. The creep response of both the systems below the yield stress results in angular velocity fluctuations of the shearing plate showing large temporal burst-like events that resemble seismic foreshocks-aftershocks data measuring the ground motion during earthquake avalanches. We find that the statistical properties of the quake events inside such a burst map on to the scaling relations for magnitude and frequency distribution of earthquakes, given by Gutenberg-Richter and Omori laws, and follow a power-law distribution of the inter-occurrence waiting time. In situ polarized optical microscopy reveals that during these events the system self-organizes to a much stronger solid-like state.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Bera
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India
| | - S Majumdar
- Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560080, India
| | - G Ouillon
- Lithophyse, 4 rue de l'Ancien Sénat, 06300, Nice, France
| | - D Sornette
- D-MTEC, and Department Physics and Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zürich, Scheuzerstrasse 7, CH-8092, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute of Risk Analysis Prediction and Management, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - A K Sood
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560012, India.
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Iwasaki O, Tanizawa H, Kim KD, Kossenkov A, Nacarelli T, Tashiro S, Majumdar S, Showe LC, Zhang R, Noma KI. Involvement of condensin in cellular senescence through gene regulation and compartmental reorganization. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5688. [PMID: 31831736 PMCID: PMC6908677 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence is induced by various stimuli such as oncogene expression and telomere shortening, referred to as oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) and replicative senescence (RS), respectively, and accompanied by global transcriptional alterations and 3D genome reorganization. Here, we demonstrate that the human condensin II complex participates in senescence via gene regulation and reorganization of euchromatic A and heterochromatic B compartments. Both OIS and RS are accompanied by A-to-B and B-to-A compartmental transitions, the latter of which occur more frequently and are undergone by 14% (430 Mb) of the human genome. Mechanistically, condensin is enriched in A compartments and implicated in B-to-A transitions. The full activation of senescence genes (SASP genes and p53 targets) requires condensin; its depletion impairs senescence markers. This study describes that condensin reinforces euchromatic A compartments and promotes B-to-A transitions, both of which are coupled to optimal expression of senescence genes, thereby allowing condensin to contribute to senescent processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Iwasaki
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Hideki Tanizawa
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Kyoung-Dong Kim
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17456, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Sanki Tashiro
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | | | | | - Rugang Zhang
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ken-Ichi Noma
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA.
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Heerey J, Srinivasan R, Smith A, Kemp J, King M, Lawrenson P, Scholes M, Pizzari T, Souza R, Majumdar S, Crossley K. MRI defined intra-articular hip findings are seen in semi-elite football players with and without hip-related pain. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Vedanayagam J, Chatila WK, Aksoy BA, Majumdar S, Skanderup AJ, Demir E, Schultz N, Sander C, Lai EC. Cancer-associated mutations in DICER1 RNase IIIa and IIIb domains exert similar effects on miRNA biogenesis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3682. [PMID: 31417090 PMCID: PMC6695490 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11610-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic mutations in the RNase IIIb domain of DICER1 arise in cancer and disrupt the cleavage of 5' pre-miRNA arms. Here, we characterize an unstudied, recurrent, mutation (S1344L) in the DICER1 RNase IIIa domain in tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project and MSK-IMPACT profiling. RNase IIIa/b hotspots are absent from most cancers, but are notably enriched in uterine cancers. Systematic analysis of TCGA small RNA datasets show that DICER1 RNase IIIa-S1344L tumors deplete 5p-miRNAs, analogous to RNase IIIb hotspot samples. Structural and evolutionary coupling analyses reveal constrained proximity of RNase IIIa-S1344 to the RNase IIIb catalytic site, rationalizing why mutation of this site phenocopies known hotspot alterations. Finally, examination of DICER1 hotspot endometrial tumors reveals derepression of specific miRNA target signatures. In summary, comprehensive analyses of DICER1 somatic mutations and small RNA data reveal a mechanistic aspect of pre-miRNA processing that manifests in specific cancer settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Vedanayagam
- Department of Developmental Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Walid K Chatila
- Department of Computational Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Bülent Arman Aksoy
- Department of Computational Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Immunology and Microbiology Department, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29412, USA
| | - Sonali Majumdar
- Department of Developmental Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Anders Jacobsen Skanderup
- Department of Computational Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Computational and Systems Biology, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Emek Demir
- Department of Computational Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Oregon Health and Science University, Computational Biology Program, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Chris Sander
- Department of Computational Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA. .,cBio Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Eric C Lai
- Department of Developmental Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA. .,Tri-Institutional Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Pedoia V, Lee J, Norman B, Link TM, Majumdar S. Diagnosing osteoarthritis from T 2 maps using deep learning: an analysis of the entire Osteoarthritis Initiative baseline cohort. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:1002-1010. [PMID: 30905742 PMCID: PMC6579664 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.02.800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aim to study to what extent conventional and deep-learning-based T2 relaxometry patterns are able to distinguish between knees with and without radiographic osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS T2 relaxation time maps were analyzed for 4,384 subjects from the baseline Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) Dataset. Voxel Based Relaxometry (VBR) was used for automatic quantification and voxel-based analysis of the differences in T2 between subjects with and without radiographic OA. A Densely Connected Convolutional Neural Network (DenseNet) was trained to diagnose OA from T2 data. For comparison, more classical feature extraction techniques and shallow classifiers were used to benchmark the performance of our algorithm's results. Deep and shallow models were evaluated with and without the inclusion of risk factors. Sensitivity and Specificity values and McNemar test were used to compare the performance of the different classifiers. RESULTS The best shallow model was obtained when the first ten Principal Components, demographics and pain score were included as features (AUC = 77.77%, Sensitivity = 67.01%, Specificity = 71.79%). In comparison, DenseNet trained on raw T2 data obtained AUC = 83.44%, Sensitivity = 76.99%, Specificity = 77.94%. McNemar test on two misclassified proportions form the shallow and deep model showed that the boost in performance was statistically significant (McNemar's chi-squared = 10.33, degree of freedom (DF) = 1, P-value = 0.0013). CONCLUSION In this study, we presented a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-based data-driven platform using T2 measurements to characterize radiographic OA. Our results showed that feature learning from T2 maps has potential in uncovering information that can potentially better diagnose OA than simple averages or linear patterns decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pedoia
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Center of Digital Health Innovation (CDHI), USA.
| | - J Lee
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| | - B Norman
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| | - T M Link
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| | - S Majumdar
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Center of Digital Health Innovation (CDHI), USA.
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Watt FE, Corp N, Kingsbury SR, Frobell R, Englund M, Felson DT, Levesque M, Majumdar S, Wilson C, Beard DJ, Lohmander LS, Kraus VB, Roemer F, Conaghan PG, Mason DJ. Towards prevention of post-traumatic osteoarthritis: report from an international expert working group on considerations for the design and conduct of interventional studies following acute knee injury. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:23-33. [PMID: 30125638 PMCID: PMC6323612 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are few guidelines for clinical trials of interventions for prevention of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), reflecting challenges in this area. An international multi-disciplinary expert group including patients was convened to generate points to consider for the design and conduct of interventional studies following acute knee injury. DESIGN An evidence review on acute knee injury interventional studies to prevent PTOA was presented to the group, alongside overviews of challenges in this area, including potential targets, biomarkers and imaging. Working groups considered pre-identified key areas: eligibility criteria and outcomes, biomarkers, injury definition and intervention timing including multi-modality interventions. Consensus agreement within the group on points to consider was generated and is reported here after iterative review by all contributors. RESULTS The evidence review identified 37 studies. Study duration and outcomes varied widely and 70% examined surgical interventions. Considerations were grouped into three areas: justification of inclusion criteria including the classification of injury and participant age (as people over 35 may have pre-existing OA); careful consideration in the selection and timing of outcomes or biomarkers; definition of the intervention(s)/comparator(s) and the appropriate time-window for intervention (considerations may be particular to intervention type). Areas for further research included demonstrating the utility of patient-reported outcomes, biomarkers and imaging outcomes from ancillary/cohort studies in this area, and development of surrogate clinical trial endpoints that shorten the duration of clinical trials and are acceptable to regulatory agencies. CONCLUSIONS These considerations represent the first international consensus on the conduct of interventional studies following acute knee joint trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- F E Watt
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FY, United Kingdom.
| | - N Corp
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Institute for Primary Care & Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK.
| | - S R Kingsbury
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK.
| | - R Frobell
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund, Sweden.
| | - M Englund
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund, Sweden.
| | - D T Felson
- Clinical Epidemiology Research & Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - M Levesque
- Immunology Development, Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - S Majumdar
- Musculoskeletal Quantitative Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
| | - C Wilson
- Dept of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.
| | - D J Beard
- Surgical Intervention Trials Unit (SITU), Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculokeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - L S Lohmander
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund, Sweden.
| | - V B Kraus
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA.
| | - F Roemer
- Department of Radiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - P G Conaghan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UK.
| | - D J Mason
- Arthritis Research UK Biomechanics and Bioengineering Centre, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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Chandrashekharan A, Patil V, Noronha V, Joshi A, Choughle A, Punatar S, Mahajan A, Janu A, Purandare N, Goud S, More S, Das S, Agrawal A, Rajpurohit A, Majumdar S, Khaddar S, Prabhash K. A randomized investigator initiated phase III study comparing low dose gemcitabine to standard dose gemcitabine with platinum in advanced squamous non driver mutated non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy483.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Majumdar S, Agarwal A, Noronha V, Joshi A, Patil V, Kumar R, Prabhash K. The management and outcome of crizotinib resistant patients: Comparison of patients who received ceritinib to those treated with chemotherapy or other oral TKI. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy425.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Pramanick S, Dutta P, Sannigrahi J, Mandal K, Bandyopadhyay S, Majumdar S, Chatterjee S. Metamagnetic transition and observation of spin-fluctuations in the antiferromagnetic Heusler compound Pd 2MnIn. J Phys Condens Matter 2018; 30:405803. [PMID: 30160652 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaddd7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report detailed investigations on the structural, magnetic, magneto-transport and calorimetric aspects of a partially ordered Heusler compound Pd2MnIn. The sample shows antiferomagnetic (AFM) state below around 120 K, though positive paramagnetic Curie temperature signifies a complex magnetic ground state with the presence of both ferromagnetic (FM) and AFM correlations. A clear spin-flop type metamagnetic transition is observed as evident from the magnetization and resistivity data. However, non-saturation of magnetization even at 145 kOe of applied field implies that the high field state may be a spin canted state, originating from the enhanced FM correlations by field induced conduction electron spin polarization. The sample shows a profound quadratic temperature dependence of resistivity below about 20-25 K indicating a spin-fluctuation dominated low temperature region. Previous electronic structure calculations show the existence of a subtle balance between superexchange mediated AFM state and an RKKY (Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yoshida) interaction mediated FM state in Pd2MnIn. Such competing AFM-FM correlations can be accounted for the observed spin fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pramanick
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, Sector III, LB-8, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 098, India
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Majumdar S, Terns MP. CRISPR RNA-guided DNA cleavage by reconstituted Type I-A immune effector complexes. Extremophiles 2018; 23:19-33. [PMID: 30284045 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-018-1057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diverse CRISPR-Cas immune systems protect archaea and bacteria from viruses and other mobile genetic elements. All CRISPR-Cas systems ultimately function by sequence-specific destruction of invading complementary nucleic acids. However, each CRISPR system uses compositionally distinct crRNP [CRISPR (cr) RNA/Cas protein] immune effector complexes to recognize and destroy invasive nucleic acids by unique molecular mechanisms. Previously, we found that Type I-A (Csa) effector crRNPs from Pyrococcus furiosus function in vivo to eliminate invader DNA. Here, we reconstituted functional Type I-A effector crRNPs in vitro with recombinant Csa proteins and synthetic crRNA and characterized properties of crRNP assembly, target DNA recognition and cleavage. Six proteins (Csa 4-1, Cas3″, Cas3', Cas5a, Csa2, Csa5) are essential for selective target DNA binding and cleavage. Native gel shift analysis and UV-induced RNA-protein crosslinking demonstrate that Cas5a and Csa2 directly interact with crRNA 5' tag and guide sequences, respectively. Mutational analysis revealed that Cas3″ is the effector nuclease of the complex. Together, our results indicate that DNA cleavage by Type I-A crRNPs requires crRNA-guided and protospacer adjacent motif-dependent target DNA binding to unwind double-stranded DNA and expose single strands for progressive ATP-dependent 3'-5' cleavage catalyzed by integral Cas3' helicase and Cas3″ nuclease crRNP components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Majumdar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Michael P Terns
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA. .,Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA. .,Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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Majumdar S, Dhar S, Mishra S, Patra S, Mohakud S, Mohapatra P, Parida D. P3.CR-02 SBRT of Lung Primary After Complete Resolution of Metastatic Disease in Case of EGFR Mutated Adenocarcinoma Lung: A Case Report. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Teijeiro V, Yang D, Majumdar S, González F, Rickert RW, Xu C, Koche R, Verma N, Lai EC, Huangfu D. DICER1 Is Essential for Self-Renewal of Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:616-625. [PMID: 30146489 PMCID: PMC6135725 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the effectors of a conserved gene-silencing system with broad roles in post-transcriptional regulation. Due to functional overlaps, assigning specific functions to individual miRNAs has been challenging. DICER1 cleaves pre-miRNA hairpins into mature miRNAs, and previously Dicer1 knockout mouse embryonic stem cells have been generated to study miRNA function in early mouse development. Here we report an essential requirement of DICER1 for the self-renewal of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Utilizing a conditional knockout approach, we found that DICER1 deletion led to increased death receptor-mediated apoptosis and failure of hESC self-renewal. We further devised a targeted miRNA screening strategy and uncovered essential pro-survival roles of members of the mir-302-367 and mir-371-373 clusters that bear the seed sequence AAGUGC. This platform is uniquely suitable for dissecting the roles of individual miRNAs in hESC self-renewal and differentiation, which may help us better understand the early development of human embryos. Conditional DICER1 knockouts enable the study of its essential requirement in hESCs DICER1 deletion leads to increased extrinsic (receptor-mediated) apoptosis miRNAs rescue the DICER1 knockout apoptotic phenotype This work provides a platform for interrogating miRNA function in hESCs
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Teijeiro
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dapeng Yang
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sonali Majumdar
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Federico González
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Robert W Rickert
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chunlong Xu
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Richard Koche
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nipun Verma
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tri-Institutional M.D.-Ph.D. Program, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eric C Lai
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Danwei Huangfu
- Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Majumdar S, Basak SC, Lungu CN, Diudea MV, Grunwald GD. Mathematical structural descriptors and mutagenicity assessment: a study with congeneric and diverse datasets $. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2018; 29:579-590. [PMID: 30025481 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2018.1496475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative bioactivity and toxicity assessment of chemical compounds plays a central role in drug discovery as it saves a substantial amount of resources. To this end, high-performance computing has enabled researchers and practitioners to leverage hundreds, or even thousands, of computed molecular descriptors for the activity prediction of candidate compounds. In this paper, we evaluate the utility of two large groups of chemical descriptors by such predictive modelling, as well as chemical structure discovery, through empirical analysis. We use a suite of commercially available and in-house software to calculate molecular descriptors for two sets of chemical mutagens - a homogeneous set of 95 amines, and a diverse set of 508 chemicals. Using calculated descriptors, we model the mutagenic activity of these compounds using a number of methods from the statistics and machine-learning literature, and use robust principal component analysis to investigate the low-dimensional subspaces that characterize these chemicals. Our results suggest that combining different sets of descriptors is likely to result in a better predictive model - but that depends on the compounds being modelled and the modelling technique being used.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Majumdar
- a University of Florida Informatics Institute , Gainesville , USA
| | - S C Basak
- b Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Minnesota , Duluth MN , USA
| | - C N Lungu
- c Department of Chemistry , Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - M V Diudea
- c Department of Chemistry , Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - G D Grunwald
- d Natural Resources Research Institute , University of Minnesota , Duluth , USA
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Chiu S, Van M, Majumdar S. Improving the informed consent process for otolaryngorhinology surgical procedures. Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Dey JK, Majumdar S, Giri S. Coexisting exchange bias effect and ferroelectricity in geometrically frustrated ZnCr 2O 4. J Phys Condens Matter 2018; 30:235801. [PMID: 29701612 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aac0b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Concomitant occurrence of exchange bias effect and ferroelectric order is revealed in antiferromagnetic spinel ZnCr2O4. The exchange bias effect is observed below antiferromagnetic Neél temperature (T N) with a reasonable value of exchange bias field ([Formula: see text] Oe at 2 K). Intriguingly, the [Formula: see text] ratio is found unusually high as ∼2.2, where H C is the coercivity. This indicates that large H C is not always primary for obtaining large exchange bias effect. Ferroelectric order is observed at T N, where non-centrosymmetric magnetic structure with [Formula: see text] space group associated with the magnetoelectric coupling correlates the ferroelectric order, proposing that, ZnCr2O4 is an improper multiferroic material. Rare occurrence of exchange bias effect and ferroelectric order in ZnCr2O4 attracts the community for fundamental interest and draws special attention in designing new materials for possible electric field control of exchange bias effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Dey
- Department of Solid State Physics, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Majumdar S, Shoela R, Kim D, Ramaswamy R, Mani N, Salter A, Akinwande O. Abstract No. 640 Endovascular treatment of SVC syndrome secondary to fibrosing mediastinitis: a feasibility and safety analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Majumdar S, Akinwande O, Mani N, Picus D, Kim S, Darcy M, Ramaswamy R. Abstract No. 617 Technical predictors of initial transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt dysfunction. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Bhattacharyya A, Majumdar S, Bhanja SK, Mandal AB, Dash BB. Effect of dietary manipulation and vaccination of turkey breeder hens on immunoglobulin levels of yolk, yolk sac and neonate poults. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 102:e957-e963. [PMID: 29352493 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Two hundred turkey breeder hens and 24 viable toms of 30-35 weeks age of small white variety were distributed into two treatment groups having four replicates of 25 hens and three toms in each treatment. First four replicates were offered a turkey breeder diet (Diet A) (Nutrient requirements of poultry, 1994, National Academic Press, Washington, DC) and the rest four replicates were maintained on a higher plane of nutrition (Diet B) for 8-week duration. After 6 weeks of experimental feeding, two replicates from each treatment groups were vaccinated with ND (R2 B) vaccine. Yolk sac of embryo from birds fed Diet B had a significantly higher (p < .05) IgG, IgM level and HI titre (log 2) than those fed Diet A. HI titre values of embryonic yolk sac from the vaccinated birds fed Diet B were significantly higher (p < .05) than that of the control groups. In addition, HI titre values were significantly higher (p < .05) in the day-old poults of the birds fed Diet B than that of those fed Diet A. There was significantly (p < .01) positive correlation between serum IgG and IgM of the breeder birds and day-old chicks. Similarly, there was significantly (p < .05) positive correlation between yolk IgG and IgM after 1-month experimental feeding and yolk sac IgG and IgM. Positive correlation (p < .05) also existed between yolk sac IgM and day-old chick serum IgM. Furthermore, the HI titres of breeder birds' serum at 14 days post-vaccination were positively correlated with their egg yolk after 10 and 15 days post-vaccination, yolk sac and day-old chicks. Thus, the study envisaged that a higher immunity in neonate poults from turkey breeders maintained on a higher plane of nutrition may be elicited as there was maternal transfer of antibodies from the serum of breeder birds to their offsprings through their yolk sac.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bhattacharyya
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Mathura, India
| | - S Majumdar
- Central Avian Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - S K Bhanja
- Central Avian Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - A B Mandal
- Central Avian Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - B B Dash
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, India
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Wong C, Barlcon L, Corradini M, Fogarty P, Ghoniem N, Majumdar S, Malang S, Mattas R, McCarthy K, Merrill B, Murphy J, Nelson B, Nygren R, Sawan M, Sharafat S, Sviatoslavsky I, Zinkle S. Evaluation of the Tungsten Alloy Vaporizing Lithium First Wall and Blanket Concept. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.13182/fst01-a11963340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C.P.C. Wong
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | - L. Barlcon
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608
| | | | - P. Fogarty
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | | | - S. Majumdar
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois
| | - S. Malang
- Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH (FZK), Germany
| | - R. Mattas
- University of California, Los Angeles
| | - K. McCarthy
- Idaho National Engineering Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), Idaho
| | - B. Merrill
- Idaho National Engineering Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), Idaho
| | - J. Murphy
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - B. Nelson
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - R. Nygren
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - M. Sawan
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | | | - S. Zinkle
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
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Awachat V, Elangovan A, David C, Ghosh J, Bhanja S, Majumdar S. Influence of In ovo and Pre-starter Amino Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance and Immune Response in Broiler Chicken. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2018. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2018.00005.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Pramanick S, Dutta P, Majumdar S, Chatterjee S. Glassy magnetic ground state and Kondo-like behaviour in Mn 10FeGe 8 alloy. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:495802. [PMID: 29140800 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa975f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a detailed investigation of the ground-state magnetic properties of newly synthesized [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] alloy. The sample can be thought of being derived by substituting one Mn atom by Fe of the parent compound [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]. Fe-substitution leads to a drastic change in the magnetic ground state as well as to the magneto-transport properties of the parent alloy. On cooling below 250 K, [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] undergoes a transition from paramagnetic phase to a state having significant ferromagnetic correlations. The ground state is found to be canonical spin glass (CSG) type in nature as evident from the dc magnetization and ac susceptibility measurements. Interestingly, the resistivity data shows an upturn at low temperature below about 30 K, mimicking Kondo-like behaviour. [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] turns out to be a rare example among 3d transition metal alloys, where a Kondo-like state coexists within a CSG phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pramanick
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, Sector III, LB-8, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 098, India
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Elovaara T, Tikkanen J, Granroth S, Majumdar S, Félix R, Huhtinen H, Paturi P. Mechanisms of photoinduced magnetization in Pr 0.6Ca 0.4MnO 3 studied above and below charge-ordering transition temperature. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:425802. [PMID: 28782733 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa847b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the effect of photonic field on the electronic and magnetic structure of a low bandwidth manganite [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]MnO3 (PCMO) thin film. In particular, the present study confirmed a mechanism that was recently proposed to explain how optical excitation can bias or directly activate the metamagnetic transition associated with the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) effect of PCMO. The transition is characterized by a shift in the dynamic equilibrium between ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic clusters, explaining how it can be suddenly triggered by a sufficient external magnetic field. The film was always found to support some population of FM-clusters, the proportional size of which could be adjusted by the magnetic field and, especially in the vicinity of a thermomagnetic irreversibility, by optical excitation. The double exchange mechanism couples the magnetic degrees of freedom of manganites to their electronic structure, which is further coupled to the ion lattice via the Jahn-Teller mechanism. In accordance, it was found that producing optical phonons into the lattice could lower the free energy of the FM phase enough to significantly bias the CMR effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Elovaara
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wihuri Physical Laboratory, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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Majumdar S, Nandi D. Thymic Atrophy: Experimental Studies and Therapeutic Interventions. Scand J Immunol 2017; 87:4-14. [PMID: 28960415 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The thymus is essential for T cell development and maturation. It is extremely sensitive to atrophy, wherein loss in cellularity of the thymus and/or disruption of the thymic architecture occur. This may lead to lower naïve T cell output and limited TCR diversity. Thymic atrophy is often associated with ageing. What is less appreciated is that proper functioning of the thymus is critical for reduction in morbidity and mortality associated with various clinical conditions including infections and transplantation. Therefore, therapeutic interventions which possess thymopoietic potential and lower thymic atrophy are required. These treatments enhance thymic output, which is a vital factor in generating favourable outcomes in clinical conditions. In this review, experimental studies on thymic atrophy in rodents and clinical cases where the thymus atrophies are discussed. In addition, mechanisms leading to thymic atrophy during ageing as well as during various stress conditions are reviewed. Therapies such as zinc supplementation, IL7 administration, leptin treatment, keratinocyte growth factor administration and sex steroid ablation during thymic atrophy involving experiments in animals and various clinical scenarios are reviewed. Interventions that have been used across different scenarios to reduce the extent of thymic atrophy and enhance its output are discussed. This review aims to speculate on the roles of combination therapies, which by acting additively or synergistically may further alleviate thymic atrophy and boost its function, thereby strengthening cellular T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Majumdar
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - D Nandi
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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Jenkins NW, Talbott JF, Shah V, Pandit P, Seo Y, Dillon WP, Majumdar S. [ 18F]-Sodium Fluoride PET MR-Based Localization and Quantification of Bone Turnover as a Biomarker for Facet Joint-Induced Disability. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:2028-2031. [PMID: 28860213 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to prospectively evaluate the relationship between low back pain-related disability and quantitative measures from [18F]-sodium fluoride ([18F]-NaF) MR imaging. Six patients with facetogenic low back pain underwent dynamic [18F]-NaF PET/MR imaging. PET metrics were correlated with clinical measures and MR imaging grading of lumbar facet arthropathy. A significant positive correlation was observed between maximum facet joint uptake rate and clinical disability (P < .05). These data suggest that dynamic [18F]-NaF PET may serve as a useful biomarker for facetogenic disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- N W Jenkins
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (N.W.J., J.F.T., V.S., P.P., Y.S., W.P.D., S.M.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - J F Talbott
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (N.W.J., J.F.T., V.S., P.P., Y.S., W.P.D., S.M.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California .,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (J.F.T.), Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California
| | - V Shah
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (N.W.J., J.F.T., V.S., P.P., Y.S., W.P.D., S.M.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - P Pandit
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (N.W.J., J.F.T., V.S., P.P., Y.S., W.P.D., S.M.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Y Seo
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (N.W.J., J.F.T., V.S., P.P., Y.S., W.P.D., S.M.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - W P Dillon
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (N.W.J., J.F.T., V.S., P.P., Y.S., W.P.D., S.M.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - S Majumdar
- From the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (N.W.J., J.F.T., V.S., P.P., Y.S., W.P.D., S.M.), University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Bonaretti S, Majumdar S, Lang TF, Khosla S, Burghardt AJ. The comparability of HR-pQCT bone measurements is improved by scanning anatomically standardized regions. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:2115-2128. [PMID: 28391447 PMCID: PMC5526099 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We investigated the sensitivity of distal bone density, structure, and strength measurements by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) to variability in limb length. Our results demonstrate that HR-pQCT should be performed at a standard %-of-total-limb-length to avoid substantial measurement bias in population study comparisons and the evaluation of individual skeletal status in a clinical context. INTRODUCTION High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) measures of bone do not account for anatomic variability in bone length: a 1-cm volume is acquired at a fixed offset from an anatomic landmark. Our goal was to evaluate HR-pQCT measurement variability introduced by imaging fixed vs. proportional volumes and to propose a standard protocol for relative anatomic positioning. METHODS Double-length (2-cm) scans were acquired in 30 adults. We compared measurements from 1-cm sub-volumes located at the default fixed offset, and the average %-of-length offset. The average position corresponded to 4.0% ± 1.1 mm for radius, and 7.2% ± 2.2 mm for tibia. We calculated the RMS difference in bone parameters and T-scores to determine the measurement variability related to differences in limb length. We used anthropometric ratios to estimate the mean limb length for published HR-pQCT reference data, and then calculated mean %-of-length offsets. RESULTS Variability between fixed vs. relative scan positions was highest in the radius, and for cortical bone in general (RMS difference Ct.Th = 19.5%), while individuals had T-score differentials as high as +3.0 SD (radius Ct.BMD). We estimated that average scan position for published HR-pQCT reference data corresponded to 4.0% at the radius, and 7.3% at tibia. CONCLUSION Variability in limb length introduces significant bias to HR-pQCT measures, confounding cross-sectional analyses and limiting the clinical application for individual assessment of skeletal status. We propose to standardize scan positioning using 4.0 and 7.3% of total bone length for the distal radius and tibia, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bonaretti
- Musculoskeletal Quantitative Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, QB3 Building, Suite 203, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - S Majumdar
- Musculoskeletal Quantitative Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, QB3 Building, Suite 203, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - T F Lang
- Musculoskeletal Quantitative Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, QB3 Building, Suite 203, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - S Khosla
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A J Burghardt
- Musculoskeletal Quantitative Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, University of California, QB3 Building, Suite 203, 1700 4th St, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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