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Chataigner M, Lucas C, Di Miceli M, Pallet V, Laye S, Mehaignerie A, Bouvret E, Dinel AL, Joffre C. Dietary Fish Hydrolysate Improves Memory Performance Through Microglial Signature Remodeling During Aging. Front Nutr 2021; 8:750292. [PMID: 34888336 PMCID: PMC8650686 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.750292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain aging is characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammation, which significantly impairs cognitive function. Microglial cells, the immunocompetent cells of the brain, present a different phenotype, switching from a homeostatic signature (M0) to a more reactive phenotype called “MGnD” (microglial neurodegenerative phenotype), leading to a high production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, microglial cells can be activated by age-induced gut dysbiosis through the vagus nerve or the modulation of the peripheral immune system. Nutrients, in particular n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) and low molecular weight peptides, display powerful immunomodulatory properties, and can thus prevent age-related cognitive decline. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of n-3 LC-PUFAs and low molecular weight peptides contained in a marine by-product-derived hydrolysate on microglial phenotypes and intestinal permeability and their consequences on cognition in mice. We demonstrated that the hydrolysate supplementation for 8 weeks prevented short- and long-term memory decline during aging. These observations were linked to the modulation of microglial signature. Indeed, the hydrolysate supplementation promoted homeostatic microglial phenotype by increasing TGF-β1 expression and stimulated phagocytosis by increasing Clec7a expression. Moreover, the hydrolysate supplementation promoted anti-inflammatory intestinal pathway and tended to prevent intestinal permeability alteration occurring during aging. Therefore, the fish hydrolysate appears as an interesting candidate to prevent cognitive decline during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Chataigner
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, Bordeaux, France.,Abyss Ingredients, Caudan, France
| | - Céline Lucas
- NutriBrain Research and Technology Transfer, NutriNeuro, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathieu Di Miceli
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, Bordeaux, France.,Worcester Biomedical Research Group, School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom
| | - Véronique Pallet
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Laye
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Anne-Laure Dinel
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, Bordeaux, France.,NutriBrain Research and Technology Transfer, NutriNeuro, Bordeaux, France
| | - Corinne Joffre
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, Bordeaux, France
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Milenkovic D, Krga I, Dinel AL, Morand C, Laye S, Castanon N. Nutrigenomic modification induced by anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract in the hippocampus of ApoE-/- mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Laye S. Food for mood: Relevance of nutritional Omega-3 fatty acids for depression and anxiety. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9471945 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential fatty acids which are provided to the body through the diet. The brain is one of the richest organs in the body and has a high need in PUFAs. There are 2 main families of PUFAs, n-3 (or omega 3) and n-6 (or omega6). While it is quite easy to find n-6 PUFAs in westernized diets, the need in n-3 PUFAs is poorly reached, leading to decreased level of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the brain. In humans, poor levels of blood n-3 PUFAs and brain DHA are associated to a higher prevalence of cognitive disorders and depression. However, the mechanisms underlying the effect of DHA on brain functions are poorly understood. Using mice models of n-3 PUFAs dietary deficiency or supplementation, we revealed that in the brain, DHA regulate neuroinflammatory pathways, in particular through its effect on microglia, the main innate immune system cell in the brain. In addition, n-3 PUFAs are key actors of ndocannabinoid- dependent synaptic plasticity. While neuroinflammation and eCB-dependent synaptic plasticity are crucial to cognition and emotional behaviour alterations, our results bring to the clinical scene the importance of controlling dietary n-3 PUFAs to protect the brain from the adverse effect of stres or inflammation. Altogether, our work brings a better comprehension of how dietary n-3 PUFAs participate to brain physiology and protect from the development of mood and cognitive disorders. It opens new avenues for the use of these lipids in the protection and treatment of brain diseases.
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Albaret G, Sifré E, Floch P, Laye S, Aubert A, Dubus P, Azzi-Martin L, Giese A, Salles N, Mégraud F, Varon C, Lehours P, Roubaud-Baudron C. Alzheimer's Disease and Helicobacter pylori Infection: Inflammation from Stomach to Brain? J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 73:801-809. [PMID: 31868664 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite extensive research, the origin of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unknown. The role of infectious pathogens has recently emerged. Epidemiological studies have shown that Helicobacter pylori infection increases the risk of developing AD. We hypothesized that H. pylori-induced gastritis may be associated with a systemic inflammation and finally neuroinflammation. C57BL/6 mice were infected with H. pylori (n = 15) or Helicobacter felis (n = 13) or left uninfected (n = 9) during 18 months. Gastritis, amyloid deposition, astroglial and microglial cell area, and systemic and brain cytokines were assessed. The infection (H. felis> H. pylori) induced a severe gastritis and an increased neuroinflammation but without brain amyloid deposition or systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Albaret
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Pôle de Gérontologie Clinique, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elodie Sifré
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pauline Floch
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Laye
- University of Bordeaux, NutriNeuro, INRA 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Agnès Aubert
- University of Bordeaux, NutriNeuro, INRA 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Dubus
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Service de biologie des tumeurs - tumorothèque, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Alban Giese
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Salles
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Pôle de Gérontologie Clinique, Bordeaux, France
| | - Francis Mégraud
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Service de biologie des tumeurs - tumorothèque, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christine Varon
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Lehours
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Service de biologie des tumeurs - tumorothèque, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claire Roubaud-Baudron
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Pôle de Gérontologie Clinique, Bordeaux, France
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Sloan AR, Spina R, Voss DM, Laye S, Bar EE. Abstract 1171: Identifying small molecules that specifically inhibit glioma stem cells. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBM) are the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and are recognized as one of the deadliest forms of cancer. Despite aggressive therapy consisting of maximal surgical resection followed by concomitant radiation and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy, GBM remains to have a median survival time of ~ 15 months. Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are suggested to play a critical role in the GBM phenotype; GSC have tumor initiation ability, propagation ability, and have been shown to be a driver in promoting GBM resistance to current therapeutic interventions. Due to these poor clinical outcomes and resistance to current treatments, more potent and preferably more specific pharmacological therapies are needed in order to target cellular-molecular pathways to eradicate GSCs and effectively treat GBM. In an effort to identify agents that specifically inhibit GSC growth, we recently conducted a drug screen of over 3,000 small molecules. HSR020913 patient derived neurospheres were treated for 72 hours with library agents at a concentration of 10 µM and cell growth was observed for a period of 5 days. We identified twelve highly potent compounds in the primary screen that inhibited the growth of HSR020913 neurospheres by over 50%. Subsequently, the potency of these compounds was tested on five additional GBM patient derived neurosphere lines (HSR040622, HSR040822, CCF3691, CCF3832, and CCF08-387) at even lower concentrations. We next sought to determine the specificity of these compounds in killing GSCs but not normal cells. To this aim we tested these compounds against immortalized human neural stem cells (v-Myc hNSCs) and normal human astrocytes (NHA). Of the twelve potent compounds identified in the primary screen, three compounds (AGSC9, AGSC11, AGSC12) showed to have negligible to minimal effect, only at higher doses, on normal neural stem cells. The respective half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined for all the neurosphere lines utilized. Subsequent studies determined the inhibitory effect of these compounds on clonogenic capacity and enzymatic activity. Future studies are warranted to identify molecular pathways targeted by these compounds and determine their effect on tumor progression and survival in vivo.
Citation Format: Anthony R. Sloan, Raffaella Spina, Dillon M. Voss, Sophie Laye, Eli E. Bar. Identifying small molecules that specifically inhibit glioma stem cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1171.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R. Sloan
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Raffaella Spina
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Dillon M. Voss
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Sophie Laye
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Eli E. Bar
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
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Chianese R, Coccurello R, Viggiano A, Scafuro M, Fiore M, Coppola G, Operto FF, Fasano S, Laye S, Pierantoni R, Meccariello R. Impact of Dietary Fats on Brain Functions. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:1059-1085. [PMID: 29046155 PMCID: PMC6120115 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666171017102547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate dietary intake and nutritional status have important effects on brain functions and on brain health. Energy intake and specific nutrients excess or deficiency from diet differently affect cognitive processes, emotions, behaviour, neuroendocrine functions and synaptic plasticity with possible protective or detrimental effects on neuronal physiology. Lipids, in particular, play structural and functional roles in neurons. Here the importance of dietary fats and the need to understand the brain mechanisms activated by peripheral and central metabolic sensors. Thus, the manipulation of lifestyle factors such as dietary interventions may represent a successful therapeutic approach to maintain and preserve brain health along lifespan. METHODS This review aims at summarizing the impact of dietary fats on brain functions. RESULTS Starting from fat consumption, nutrient sensing and food-related reward, the impact of gut-brain communications will be discussed in brain health and disease. A specific focus will be on the impact of fats on the molecular pathways within the hypothalamus involved in the control of reproduction via the expression and the release of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone. Lastly, the effects of specific lipid classes such as polyunsaturated fatty acids and of the "fattest" of all diets, commonly known as "ketogenic diets", on brain functions will also be discussed. CONCLUSION Despite the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms is still a work in progress, the clinical relevance of the manipulation of dietary fats is well acknowledged and such manipulations are in fact currently in use for the treatment of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Chianese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Coccurello
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council (C.N.R.), Rome, Italy.,Fondazione S. Lucia (FSL) IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Viggiano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Marika Scafuro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Fiore
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council (C.N.R.), Rome, Italy.,Fondazione S. Lucia (FSL) IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Giangennaro Coppola
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy.,UO Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Medical School, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Fasano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Sophie Laye
- INRA, Bordeaux University, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR, Bordeaux, France
| | - Riccardo Pierantoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosaria Meccariello
- Department of Movement and Wellness Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Nadjar A, Leyrolle Q, Joffre C, Laye S. Bioactive lipids as new class of microglial modulators: When nutrition meets neuroimunology. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 79:19-26. [PMID: 27392882 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Within the central nervous system the traditional role of microglia has been in brain infection and disease, phagocytosing debris and secreting factors to modify disease progression. More recently, microglia have been found to be important for normal brain development, circuit refinement, and synaptic plasticity in ways that were previously unsuspected. Hence, the brain innate immune system appears to be key in all situations, ranging from physiology to pathology. This unique feature of microglia is established by the wide array of receptors it is equipped with to sense molecular patterns. This includes receptors to most if not all neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and purines. We here review novel, yet extensive literature on a new class of microglia modulators, namely bioactive fatty acids. These lipids are issued from metabolism of nutrients and can cross the blood brain barrier to reach the CNS. They appear to be direct modulators of microglial activity, triggering/inhibiting inflammatory processes or enhancing/inhibiting the ability of these cells to respond to hazardous agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nadjar
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Q Leyrolle
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - C Joffre
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - S Laye
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, 33076 Bordeaux, France
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André C, Guzman-Quevedo O, Rey C, Rémus-Borel J, Clark S, Castellanos-Jankiewicz A, Ladeveze E, Leste-Lasserre T, Nadjar A, Abrous DN, Laye S, Cota D. Inhibiting Microglia Expansion Prevents Diet-Induced Hypothalamic and Peripheral Inflammation. Diabetes 2017; 66:908-919. [PMID: 27903745 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell proliferation and neuroinflammation in the adult hypothalamus may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity. We tested whether the intertwining of these two processes plays a role in the metabolic changes caused by 3 weeks of a high-saturated fat diet (HFD) consumption. Compared with chow-fed mice, HFD-fed mice had a rapid increase in body weight and fat mass and specifically showed an increased number of microglia in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus. Microglia expansion required the adequate presence of fats and carbohydrates in the diet because feeding mice a very high-fat, very low-carbohydrate diet did not affect cell proliferation. Blocking HFD-induced cell proliferation by central delivery of the antimitotic drug arabinofuranosyl cytidine (AraC) blunted food intake, body weight gain, and adiposity. AraC treatment completely prevented the increase in number of activated microglia in the ARC, the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α in microglia, and the recruitment of the nuclear factor-κB pathway while restoring hypothalamic leptin sensitivity. Central blockade of cell proliferation also normalized circulating levels of the cytokines leptin and interleukin 1β and decreased peritoneal proinflammatory CD86 immunoreactive macrophage number. These findings suggest that inhibition of diet-dependent microglia expansion hinders body weight gain while preventing central and peripheral inflammatory responses due to caloric overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline André
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Omar Guzman-Quevedo
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
- Facultad de Químico-Farmacobiología, Universidad Michoacána de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Charlotte Rey
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julie Rémus-Borel
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Samantha Clark
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ashley Castellanos-Jankiewicz
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elodie Ladeveze
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Thierry Leste-Lasserre
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Agnes Nadjar
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Djoher Nora Abrous
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Laye
- INRA, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Nutrition et Neurobiologie Intégrée, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Daniela Cota
- INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, Bordeaux, France
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Joffre C, Nadjar A, Lebbadi M, Calon F, Laye S. n-3 LCPUFA improves cognition: the young, the old and the sick. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2014; 91:1-20. [PMID: 24908517 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to the implication of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, neurite outgrowth and to its high incorporation into the brain, this n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) is considered as crucial in the development and maintenance of the learning memory performance throughout life. In the present chapter we aimed at reviewing data investigating the relation between DHA and cognition during the perinatal period, young adult- and adulthood and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease (AD). In Humans, dietary DHA supplementation from the perinatal period to adulthood does not reveal a clear and consistent memory improvement whereas it is the case in animal studies. The positive effects observed in animal models may have been enhanced by using n-3 PUFA deficient animal models as controls. In animal models of AD, a general consensus on the beneficial effects of n-3 LCPUFA in attenuating cognitive impairment was established. These studies make DHA a potential suitable micronutrient for the maintenance of cognitive performance at all periods of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Joffre
- Université Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - A Nadjar
- Université Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - M Lebbadi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUL, Axe Neurosciences, T2-05, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 4G2.
| | - F Calon
- Centre de Recherche du CHUL, Axe Neurosciences, T2-05, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 4G2.
| | - S Laye
- Université Bordeaux, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; INRA, Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, UMR 1286, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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Joffre C, Dinel AL, Le Ruyet P, Laye S. P215 Impact des lipides laitiers et du ratio n-6/n-3 des lipides alimentaires maternels sur la composition en acides gras du lait maternel – conséquences sur la composition de l’hippocampe et la réponse inflammatoire. NUTR CLIN METAB 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(13)70546-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Nadjar A, Blutstein T, Aubert A, Laye S, Haydon PG. Astrocyte-derived adenosine modulates increased sleep pressure during inflammatory response. Glia 2013; 61:724-31. [PMID: 23378051 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the immune system elicits several behavioral changes collectively called sickness. Among the behavioral changes, systemic infections induce an increase in time spent in nonrapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep and an increase of slow wave activity (or "sleep pressure"). Using an inducible, astrocyte-specific transgenic dominant negative SNARE (dnSNARE) mouse line we recently demonstrated that gliotransmission plays an important role in sleep homeostasis through an adenosine receptor 1 (A1R)-sensitive pathway. It has been hypothesized that systemic infection, mimicked by peripheral administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), increases sleeping behavior in part through upregulation of central adenosine levels. Moreover, as a source of immunologically relevant factors, astrocytes play a pivotal role in the central nervous system immune and inflammatory responses. However, little is known about the role of astrocytes in the CNS response to a peripheral immune challenge. We hypothesize that LPS impacts sleep homeostasis through the modulation of astrocyte-derived adenosine accumulation. We therefore used dnSNARE mice to determine whether astrocytes contribute to the increased sleep pressure under immune challenge and whether this is a result of changes in adenosine signaling. We demonstrate that dnSNARE-mediated gliotransmission is required for the ability of LPS to elevate sleep pressure as measured by the power of slow wave activity during NREM sleep. Moreover, in agreement with a role of astrocyte-derived adenosine in modulating sleep homeostasis, we find that intracerebroventricular infusion of the A1R antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine (CPT) mimics this dnSNARE phenotype. Taken together, our data demonstrate that astrocytic adenosine acting through A1 receptors contributes to the modulation of sleep pressure by LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Nadjar
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, University of Bordeaux, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France.
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Azoulay S, Lepelletier F, Le Naour G, Gloaguen A, Laye S, Capron F, Adem C. Skin metastases from unknown origin: Protein expression profiling helps in assessing the primary origin. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.9676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Azoulay
- Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - S. Laye
- Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France
| | - F. Capron
- Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France
| | - C. Adem
- Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France
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Abstract
The mouse anterior pituitary contains both types of interleukin (IL)-1 receptors, IL-1 receptor type I (IL-1RI) and IL-1 receptor type II (IL-1RII). These receptors are expressed mainly on somatotroph cells. In the present study, the ability of the mouse pituitary to respond in vivo to IL-1 or to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was demonstrated by measuring, with an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, the presence of an active NF kappa B complex in cell nuclei from pituitaries of mice injected intraperitoneally with recombinant rat-IL-1 beta or LPS. Using immunohistochemistry with an antibody directed against the p65 NF kappa B subunit, a rapid and transient NF kappa B response to LPS was observed. This response was present predominantly in the nuclei of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive cells and F4/80-labelled cells of the posterior and the anterior pituitary 15 min after stimulation and became faint after 2 h. In comparison, the early and strong NF kappa B response to IL-1 beta treatment was localized into somatotroph cells, GFAP positive cells and F4/80-labelled cells of the posterior and anterior pituitary. Activation of NF kappa B in response to IL-1 beta was no longer apparent in IL-1RI knockout mice, confirming that this receptor is essential for the transduction of IL-1 signal in the pituitary, but remained after LPS treatment. In addition, we investigated the effect of IL-1 on target genes by measuring the mRNA and proteins synthesis of growth hormone (GH), IL-6 and IL-1ra in the pituitary and the plasma. IL-1 beta was shown to induce a rapid and strong synthesis of IL-6 and IL-1ra in the pituitary but failed to regulate GH contents or release. These data suggest that the pituitary is able to respond to a systemic infection via cytokine-mediated responses transduced by IL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Parnet
- INRA-INSERM U394, Bordeaux, France.
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Bluthe RM, Laye S, Michaud B, Combe C, Dantzer R, Parnet P. Role of interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in lipopolysaccharide-induced sickness behaviour: a study with interleukin-1 type I receptor-deficient mice. Eur J Neurosci 2000. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.01348.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gaulier A, Teillet F, Davi F, Couturier J, Laye S, Raphael M. Pleomorphic medium-sized T-cell lymphoma following Hodgkin's disease (nodular sclerosis type). Arch Pathol Lab Med 1997; 121:411-6. [PMID: 9140313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We describe a 32-year-old woman who presented with Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosis type II, subtype I, which necessitated several treatments over 11 years. The patient then developed pleomorphic, medium-sized T-cell lymphoma, which had a fatal outcome within 13 months. The role of radiotherapy, splenectomy, and chemotherapy in second tumor induction is compared with other sequential T-cell lymphomas. The significance of rare Epstein-Barr virus-infected cells during the T-cell lymphoma extension is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gaulier
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital V. Dupouy, Argenteuil, France
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Goujon E, Parnet P, Laye S, Combe C, Kelley KW, Dantzer R. Stress downregulates lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the spleen, pituitary, and brain of mice. Brain Behav Immun 1995; 9:292-303. [PMID: 8903847 DOI: 10.1006/brbi.1995.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mice injected with LPS (10 mu g/mouse, sc) or saline were submitted to a 15-min restraint stress and sacrificed 1 or 2 h later to assess the effect of stress on the induction of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and other proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1alpha, IL-1ra, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) in the spleen, pituitary, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and striatum. LPS-induced cytokine gene expression, as determined by comparative RT-PCR, was lower in stressed than in nonstressed mice. LPS increased plasma and tissue levels of IL-1beta, as determined by ELISA, but this effect was less marked in stressed than in nonstressed mice. These results are discussed in relation to the modulatory effects of glucocorticoids on cytokine production.
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