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Albaret G, Sifré E, Floch P, Laye S, Aubert A, Dubus P, Azzi-Martin L, Giese A, Salles N, Mégraud F, Varon C, Lehours P, Roubaud-Baudron C. Alzheimer's Disease and Helicobacter pylori Infection: Inflammation from Stomach to Brain? J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 73:801-809. [PMID: 31868664 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite extensive research, the origin of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unknown. The role of infectious pathogens has recently emerged. Epidemiological studies have shown that Helicobacter pylori infection increases the risk of developing AD. We hypothesized that H. pylori-induced gastritis may be associated with a systemic inflammation and finally neuroinflammation. C57BL/6 mice were infected with H. pylori (n = 15) or Helicobacter felis (n = 13) or left uninfected (n = 9) during 18 months. Gastritis, amyloid deposition, astroglial and microglial cell area, and systemic and brain cytokines were assessed. The infection (H. felis> H. pylori) induced a severe gastritis and an increased neuroinflammation but without brain amyloid deposition or systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Albaret
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Pôle de Gérontologie Clinique, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elodie Sifré
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pauline Floch
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sophie Laye
- University of Bordeaux, NutriNeuro, INRA 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Agnès Aubert
- University of Bordeaux, NutriNeuro, INRA 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Dubus
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Service de biologie des tumeurs - tumorothèque, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Alban Giese
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Salles
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Pôle de Gérontologie Clinique, Bordeaux, France
| | - Francis Mégraud
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Service de biologie des tumeurs - tumorothèque, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christine Varon
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Lehours
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Service de biologie des tumeurs - tumorothèque, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claire Roubaud-Baudron
- University of Bordeaux, UMR BaRITOn, INSERM 1053, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Pôle de Gérontologie Clinique, Bordeaux, France
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2
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Egorova E, Starinets A, Tyrtyshnaia A, Ponomarenko A, Manzhulo I. Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Conditions of Chronic Stress Induced by Sciatic Nerve Injury in the Rat. Cells Tissues Organs 2019; 207:58-68. [PMID: 31284284 DOI: 10.1159/000501236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is the primary location of adult neurogenesis, which is affected by a variety of external and internal factors, including activity of surrounding glial cells. This study concerns alterations in hippocampal neurogenesis and changes in activity of both proinflammatory and neuroprotective microglia/macrophages after sciatic nerve injury in the rat. Here, we demonstrated that the chronic pain induced by a peripheral nerve injury manifests in the hippocampus by a decrease in proliferation (PCNA+) and neurogenesis (DCX+), an increase in proinflammatory cytokines (CD86+), and a reduction in neuroprotective (CD163+) microglia/macrophages. We suggest that a pathological increase microglia/macrophage activity is the cause of neurogenesis suppression observed in chronic neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniia Egorova
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.,Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Starinets
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.,Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Tyrtyshnaia
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.,Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Arina Ponomarenko
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.,Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Igor Manzhulo
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russian Federation, .,Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation,
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Manzhulo O, Tyrtyshnaia A, Kipryushina Y, Dyuizen I, Manzhulo I. Docosahexaenoic acid induces changes in microglia/macrophage polarization after spinal cord injury in rats. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:741-747. [PMID: 30170694 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 (n-3)) leads to recovery of locomotor functions observed of spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. In present study, we characterized the expression of iba-1, CD86, CD163 in microglia/macrophages, to assess activation state and M1 (pro-inflammatory)/M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotypes respectively, in the rostral, central and caudal segment of the spinal cord on 7 and 35 days after SCI. We found that DHA treatment leads to: (1) an increased activation and proliferation of microglial cells; (2) an alteration in the dynamics between M1 and M2 microglia/macrophages phenotypes (3) and increased production of an antioxidant enzymes. Overall, our data demonstrates that DHA has a complex effect in post-traumatic process within the central nervous system, and supports the therapeutic potential of DHA-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Manzhulo
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - Anna Tyrtyshnaia
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia; School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690950, Russia
| | - Yulia Kipryushina
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - Inessa Dyuizen
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia
| | - Igor Manzhulo
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia; School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690950, Russia.
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Novello S, Arcuri L, Dovero S, Dutheil N, Shimshek DR, Bezard E, Morari M. G2019S LRRK2 mutation facilitates α-synuclein neuropathology in aged mice. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 120:21-33. [PMID: 30172844 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrillization of α-synuclein is instrumental for the development of Parkinson's disease (PD), thus modulating this process can have profound impact on disease initiation/progression. Here, the impact of the p.G2019S mutation of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), which is most frequently associated with familial and sporadic PD, on α-synuclein pathology was investigated. G2019S knock-in mice and wild-type controls were injected with a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector serotype 2/9 (AAV2/9) overexpressing human mutant p.A53T α-synuclein (AAV2/9-hα-syn). Control animals were injected with AAV2/9 carrying green fluorescent protein. Motor behavior, transgene expression, α-syn and pSer129 α-syn load, number of nigral dopamine neurons and density of striatal dopaminergic terminals were evaluated. To investigate the effect of aging, experiments were performed in 3- and 12-month-old mice, evaluated 20 and 12 weeks after virus injection, respectively. hα-syn overexpression induced progressive motor deficits, loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons and striatal terminals, and appearance of proteinase K-resistant aggregates of pSer129 α-syn in both young and old mice. Although no genotype difference was observed in 3-month-old mice, degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons was higher in 12-month-old G2019S knock-in mice compared with age-matched wild-type controls (-55% vs -39%, respectively). Consistently, a two-fold higher load of pSer129 α-syn aggregates was found in 12-month-old G2019S knock-in mice. We conclude that G2019S LRRK2 facilitates α-synucleinopathy and degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons, and that aging is a major determinant of this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Novello
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, National Institute of Neuroscience, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ludovico Arcuri
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, National Institute of Neuroscience, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sandra Dovero
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathalie Dutheil
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Derya R Shimshek
- Department of Neuroscience, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erwan Bezard
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Michele Morari
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, National Institute of Neuroscience, Ferrara, Italy.
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Pislyagin EA, Manzhulo IV, Gorpenchenko TY, Dmitrenok PS, Avilov SA, Silchenko AS, Wang YM, Aminin DL. Cucumarioside A₂-2 Causes Macrophage Activation in Mouse Spleen. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15110341. [PMID: 29104230 PMCID: PMC5706031 DOI: 10.3390/md15110341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunomodulatory effect of triterpene glycoside cucumarioside A2-2 (CA2-2), isolated from the Far Eastern sea cucumber Cucumaria japonica, was compared with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on mouse spleen. It has been shown that the intraperitoneal (i.p.) glycoside administration leads to increased spleen macrophage activating markers iba-1, IL-1β, iNOs, ROS and NO formation, with additional change of macrophage phenotype to M1. The mass spectrometry profiles of peptide/protein were obtained using MALDI-TOF-MS on the different parts of spleen sections isolated by laser mircodissection techniques. It was found that i.p. stimulation of animals with CA2-2 leads to marked changes in the intensity of the characteristic peaks of spleen peptides/proteins, primarily in red pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny A Pislyagin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Igor V Manzhulo
- National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia.
- School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690091 Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Y Gorpenchenko
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Pavel S Dmitrenok
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Sergey A Avilov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Alexandra S Silchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia.
| | - Yun-Ming Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan.
| | - Dmitry L Aminin
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia.
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Altay O, Suzuki H, Hasegawa Y, Ostrowski RP, Tang J, Zhang JH. Isoflurane on brain inflammation. Neurobiol Dis 2013; 62:365-71. [PMID: 24084689 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 09/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain inflammation may play an important role in the pathophysiology of early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Our aim was to demonstrate brain inflammation development and to determine whether isoflurane, a clinically available volatile anesthetic agent, prevents brain inflammation after SAH. This study used 162 8-week-old male CD-1 mice. We induced SAH with endovascular perforation in mice and randomly assigned animals to sham-operated (n=21), SAH+vehicle-air (n=35) and SAH+2% isoflurane (n=31). In addition to the evaluation of brain injury (neurological scores, brain edema and Evans blue dye extravasation), brain inflammation was evaluated by means of expression changes in markers of inflammatory cells (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule-1, myeloperoxidase), cytokines (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin-1β), adhesion molecules (intercellular adhesion molecule [ICAM]-1, P-selectin), inducers of inflammation (cyclooxygenase-2, phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase [p-JNK]) and endothelial cell activation (von Willebrand factor) at 24h post-SAH. Sphingosine kinase inhibitor (N, N-dimethylsphingosine [DMS]) and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1/3 antagonist (VPC23019) were used to block isoflurane's effects (n=22, each). SAH caused early brain injury, which was associated with inflammation so that all evaluated markers of inflammation were increased. Isoflurane significantly inhibited both brain injury (P<0.001, respectively) and inflammation (myeloperoxidase, P=0.022; interleukin-1β, P=0.002; TNF-α, P=0.015; P-selectin, P=0.010; ICAM-1, P=0.016; p-JNK, P<0.001; cyclooxygenase-2, P=0.003, respectively). This beneficial effect of isoflurane was abolished with DMS and VPC23019. Isoflurane may suppress post-SAH brain inflammation possibly via the sphingosine-related pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Altay
- Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, USA
| | - Hidenori Suzuki
- Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, USA
| | - Yu Hasegawa
- Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, USA
| | - Robert P Ostrowski
- Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, USA
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, USA
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, USA.
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Patel SD, Brennan G, Brazin J, Ciardiello AJ, Silver RB, Vannucci SJ. Mast cell isolation from the immature rat brain. Dev Neurosci 2013; 35:265-71. [PMID: 23711508 PMCID: PMC4640701 DOI: 10.1159/000350928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are immune cells of hematopoietic origin that circulate as precursor cells prior to migration into vascularized tissues where they mature and undergo terminal differentiation in response to different cytokines within the local environment. Mast cells are well known as important regulators of inflammatory processes in peripheral tissues and recent studies support the involvement of mast cells in mediating the inflammatory response to cerebral hypoxia-ischemia in both the neonatal and adult brain. To better study mast cell function in vivo, it is important to be able to identify their environment-specific phenotype, as well as to study their interaction with other neural cells in vitro. Previous such studies of mast cells have relied on mast cells isolated from gut or bone marrow, or on a number of mast cell lines, all of which may behave differently from brain mast cells. The purpose of this study was to develop a technique for the isolation of mast cells from neonatal rat brain and to characterize these cells following hypoxia and hypoxia-ischemia. We adapted a previously described technique of coupling an antibody to the mast cell-specific FcεR1 receptor to a MACS microbead for the selective removal of intact mast cells from a neonatal brain preparation. We have isolated toluidine blue-positive brain mast cells that provide substrate for both protein analysis and in vitro studies. These cells express proteins previously used to specifically identify microglia in the brain, Iba-1 and coronin-1a. A subpopulation of mast cells in vivo also expresses Iba-1. Thus, we report a novel method for isolation of brain mast cells suitable for the study of mast cell phenotype under a variety of conditions. Further, we suggest that the use of proteins such as Iba-1 for the identification of microglia in the brain includes the caveat that mast cells may also be detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyama D. Patel
- Department of Pediatrics/Newborn Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, N.Y., USA
| | - Gillian Brennan
- Department of Pediatrics/Newborn Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, N.Y., USA
| | - Jacqueline Brazin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, N.Y., USA
| | - Amber J. Ciardiello
- Department of Pediatrics/Newborn Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, N.Y., USA
| | - Randi B. Silver
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, N.Y., USA
| | - Susan J. Vannucci
- Department of Pediatrics/Newborn Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, N.Y., USA
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Gallaher ZR, Ryu V, Herzog T, Ritter RC, Czaja K. Changes in microglial activation within the hindbrain, nodose ganglia, and the spinal cord following subdiaphragmatic vagotomy. Neurosci Lett 2012; 513:31-6. [PMID: 22342909 PMCID: PMC3302977 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Damage to peripheral nerve branches triggers activation of microglia in CNS areas containing motor neuron soma and primary afferent terminals of the damaged fibers. Furthermore, microglial activation occurs in areas containing the soma and terminals of spared nerve branches of a damaged nerve. Because the abdominal viscera are innervated by spinal afferents as well as vagal afferents and efferents, we speculated that spinal nerves might respond like spared nerve branches following damage to vagal fibers. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that damage to the abdominal vagus would result in microglial activation in vagal structures-the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (DMV), and nodose ganglia (NG)-as well as spinal cord (SC) segments that innervate the abdominal viscera. To test this hypothesis, rats underwent subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or sham surgery and were treated with saline or the microglial inhibitor, minocycline. Microglial activation was determined by quantifying changes in the intensity of fluorescent staining with a primary antibody against ionizing calcium adapter binding molecule 1 (Iba1). We found that subdiaphragmatic vagotomy significantly activated microglia in the NTS, DMV, and NG two weeks post-vagotomy. Microglial activation remained significantly increased in the NG and DMV for at least 42 days. Surprisingly, vagotomy significantly decreased microglial activation in the SC. Minocycline treatment attenuated microglial activation in all studied areas. Our results indicate that microglial activation in vagal structures following abdominal vagal damage is accompanied by suppression of microglial activation in associated areas of the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z R Gallaher
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Veterinary and Comparative Anatomy, Pharmacology and Physiology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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