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Schoenfeld AJ, Lee SM, Doger de Speville B, Gettinger SN, Hafliger S, Sukari A, Papa S, Rodriguez-Moreno JF, Graf Finckenstein F, Fiaz R, Catlett M, Chen G, Qi R, Masteller EL, Gontcharova V, He K. Lifileucel, an Autologous Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocyte Monotherapy, in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Resistant to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Cancer Discov 2024:742106. [PMID: 38563600 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In this phase 2 multicenter study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of lifileucel (LN-145), an autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte cell therapy, in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) who had received prior immunotherapy and progressed on their most recent therapy. The median number of prior systemic therapies was 2 (range, 1-6). Lifileucel was successfully manufactured using tumor tissue from different anatomic sites, predominantly lung. The objective response rate was 21.4% (6/28). Responses occurred in tumors with profiles typically resistant to immunotherapy, such as PD-L1-negative, low tumor mutational burden, and STK11 mutation. Two responses were ongoing at the time of data cutoff, including one complete metabolic response in a PD-L1-negative tumor. Adverse events were generally as expected and manageable. Two patients died of treatment-emergent adverse events: cardiac failure and multiple organ failure. Lifileucel is a potential treatment option for patients with mNSCLC refractory to prior therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvia M Lee
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | | | - Simon Hafliger
- Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Sophie Papa
- King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Rana Fiaz
- Iovance Biotherapeutics, Inc., San Carlos, CA, United States
| | - Melissa Catlett
- Iovance Biotherapeutics, Inc., San Carlos, CA, United States
| | - Guang Chen
- Iovance Biotherapeutics, Inc., San Carlos, CA, United States
| | - Rongsu Qi
- Iovance Biotherapeutics, Inc., San Carlos, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Kai He
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
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2
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Ahn Y, Lee SM, Choi S, Choe J, Oh SY, Do KH, Seo JB. CT-guided pretreatment biopsy diagnosis in patients with thymic epithelial tumours: diagnostic accuracy and risk of seeding. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:263-271. [PMID: 38220515 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the diagnostic performance of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) for thymic epithelial tumours (TETs) and the complication rate after PTNB including seeding after PTNB. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study identified PTNBs for anterior mediastinal lesions between May 2007 and September 2021. The diagnostic performance for TETs and complications were investigated. The concordance of the histological grades of TETs between PTNB and surgery was evaluated. The factors associated with pleural seeding after PTNB were determined using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Of 387 PTNBs, 235 PTNBs from 225 patients diagnosed as TETs (124 thymomas and 101 thymic carcinomas) and 150 PTNBs from 133 patients diagnosed as other than TETs were included. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for TETs were 89.4% (210/235), 100% (210/210), and 93.5% (360/385), respectively, with an immediate complication rate of 4.4% (17/385). The concordance rate of the histological grades between PTNB and surgery was 73.3% (77/105) after excluding uncategorised types of thymomas. During follow-up after PTNB (median duration, 38.8 months; range, 0.3-164.6 months), no tract seeding was observed. Pleural seeding was observed in 26 patients. Thymic carcinoma (hazard ratio [HR], 5.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.07-17.08; p=0.001) and incomplete resection (HR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.20-9.02; p=0.02) were associated with pleural seeding, while the biopsy approach type (transpleural versus parasternal) was not associated (p=0.12). CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment biopsy for TETs was accurate and safe and may be considered for diagnosing TETs, particularly when the diagnosis is challenging and histological diagnosis is mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ahn
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - S Choi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Choe
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Y Oh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K-H Do
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J B Seo
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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Park S, Lee SM. State observer-based Physics-Informed Machine Learning for leader-following tracking control of mobile robot. ISA Trans 2024; 146:582-591. [PMID: 38195292 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, the novel leader-following tracking control method is proposed for mobile robots, which consists estimation technique of the speed of the leader robot (LR), and a parameter-dependent controller for the follower robot (FR). To estimate the speed of LR, a novel Physics Informed Machine Learning (PIML) is proposed to learn the dynamics of the state observer via the error state model. The dynamics of the state observer in PIML play a significant role for stable learning and state estimation of uncertain models. The gain of the parameter-dependent controller is determined by the convex combination of the robust control technique via the polytopic model. Finally, the tracking performance of the proposed method is verified through the simulation and experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejun Park
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - S M Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Jin Y, Lee SM. Sampled-Data State Estimation for LSTM. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst 2024; PP:1-14. [PMID: 38324431 DOI: 10.1109/tnnls.2024.3359211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
This article first introduces a sampled-data state estimator design method for continuous-time long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks with irregularly sampled output. To this end, the structure of the LSTM is addressed to obtain its dynamic equation. As a result, the LSTM neural network is modeled as a continuous-time linear parameter-varying system that is dependent on the gate units. For this system, the sampled-data Luenberger-and Arcak-type state estimator design methods are presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) by using the properties of the gate units. Lastly, the proposed method not only provides a numerical example for analyzing absolute stability but also demonstrates it in practice by applying a pre-trained behavior generation model of a robot manipulator.
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Adhikari G, Carlin N, Choi JJ, Choi S, Ezeribe AC, França LE, Ha C, Hahn IS, Hollick SJ, Jeon EJ, Jo JH, Joo HW, Kang WG, Kauer M, Kim BH, Kim HJ, Kim J, Kim KW, Kim SH, Kim SK, Kim WK, Kim YD, Kim YH, Ko YJ, Lee DH, Lee EK, Lee H, Lee HS, Lee HY, Lee IS, Lee J, Lee JY, Lee MH, Lee SH, Lee SM, Lee YJ, Leonard DS, Luan NT, Manzato BB, Maruyama RH, Neal RJ, Nikkel JA, Olsen SL, Park BJ, Park HK, Park HS, Park KS, Park SD, Pitta RLC, Prihtiadi H, Ra SJ, Rott C, Shin KA, Cavalcante DFFS, Scarff A, Spooner NJC, Thompson WG, Yang L, Yu GH. Search for Boosted Dark Matter in COSINE-100. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:201802. [PMID: 38039466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.201802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
We search for energetic electron recoil signals induced by boosted dark matter (BDM) from the galactic center using the COSINE-100 array of NaI(Tl) crystal detectors at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory. The signal would be an excess of events with energies above 4 MeV over the well-understood background. Because no excess of events are observed in a 97.7 kg·yr exposure, we set limits on BDM interactions under a variety of hypotheses. Notably, we explored the dark photon parameter space, leading to competitive limits compared to direct dark photon search experiments, particularly for dark photon masses below 4 MeV and considering the invisible decay mode. Furthermore, by comparing our results with a previous BDM search conducted by the Super-Kamionkande experiment, we found that the COSINE-100 detector has advantages in searching for low-mass dark matter. This analysis demonstrates the potential of the COSINE-100 detector to search for MeV electron recoil signals produced by the dark sector particle interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Adhikari
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - N Carlin
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J J Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - A C Ezeribe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - L E França
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Ha
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Hahn
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Hollick
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - E J Jeon
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jo
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - H W Joo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W G Kang
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - K W Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - W K Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y D Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Ko
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - E K Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H Y Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - D S Leonard
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - N T Luan
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - B B Manzato
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R H Maruyama
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - R J Neal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - J A Nikkel
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S L Olsen
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Park
- Department of Accelerator Science, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Park
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - K S Park
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S D Park
- Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R L C Pitta
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H Prihtiadi
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Ra
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
| | - K A Shin
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - D F F S Cavalcante
- Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, 05508-090, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Scarff
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - N J C Spooner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - W G Thompson
- Department of Physics and Wright Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - L Yang
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - G H Yu
- Center for Underground Physics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34126, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Voong KR, Shokek OB, Hill C, Hu C, Hales RK, Greco SC, Meyer JJ, Wright JL, Lowe K, McNutt TR, Narang A, PhD CS, Lee SM. Improving Cancer Care by Incorporating the Patient's Voice in Symptom Management (IMPROVE): A Multicenter-Prospective Pilot Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e264-e265. [PMID: 37785007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) IMPROVE is a prospective multicenter pilot study. It evaluates whether routine physician review of patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) during radiotherapy alters physicians' perception of cancer patients' treatment-related toxicity and influences symptom management. MATERIALS/METHODS We are enrolling patients with thoracic or gastrointestinal cancers amenable to conventional-fractionated radiotherapy. Patients may receive concurrent chemotherapy. Patients report (1) symptoms, using PRO-CTCAE measures, (2) the most burdensome symptom, and (3) how symptoms interfere with daily activities. Patients complete the measures before seeing their physician during each on-treatment visit. During weekly visits and before reviewing the patient's PROMs, physicians rate the symptom burden for each patient from 0 to 10, using available clinical data. These data include vital signs, lab work, physical exams, nursing assessments, and physicians' clinical judgment. After reviewing the patients' PROMs, physicians re-rate each patient's symptom burden and report any changes in recommended interventions. Changes could include (1) additional counseling, (2) new medications or interventions, (3) referrals to other services, or (4) further testing or evaluation. After each patient's course of radiotherapy, providers complete a Clinician Feedback Form about the impact of PROM review on symptom perception and management during treatment. This study commenced November 11, 2020 at a multi-site tertiary academic cancer center (using electronic or paper questionnaires) and July 21, 2021 at a multi-site community cancer center (using paper forms). RESULTS To be determined. CONCLUSION To be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Voong
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - O B Shokek
- Wellspan York Cancer Center, York, PA, United States
| | - C Hill
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - C Hu
- Johns Hopkins Medicine Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - R K Hales
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - S C Greco
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - J J Meyer
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - J L Wright
- Johns Hopkins Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Baltimore, MD
| | - K Lowe
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - T R McNutt
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - A Narang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - C Snyder PhD
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Lee SM, Choi JH, Chie EK, Kang HC, Kim KS. Efficacy and Safety of Image-Guided Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e313-e314. [PMID: 37785127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To evaluate the efficacy and safety of image-guided 10-fraction hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). MATERIALS/METHODS Between 2016 and March 2022, 69 HCC with PVTT patients received RT (40-50Gy/10fx) in our institutions. The median prescribed dose of 50 Gy (range, 40-50 Gy, BED10; 56-75 Gy10) was delivered in 10 fractions in all patients. Follow-up imaging was performed at three-month intervals after the completion of RT. The extent of PVTT was described according to the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan classification: Vp0 = no PVTT, Vp1 = segmental portal vein branch, Vp2 = right/left anterior/posterior portal vein, Vp3 = right/left portal vein and Vp4 = main portal vein. Response evaluation was performed using response evaluation criteria in solid tumors, version 1.1. Freedom from local progression (FFLP), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were calculated from the start date of RT. RESULTS In this cohort, 4.3% of patients had Vp1 PVTT, 20.3% had Vp2, 37.7% had Vp3, and 37.7% had Vp4. The median PTV volume was 105.3 cc (interquartile range [IQR], 74.1-179.4 cc). Fifty-two (75.4%) patients received 50 Gy in 10 fractions. With a median follow-up of 10.2 months (IQR, 6-21 months), the median OS was 18.5 months, and 1-year FFLP, PFS, and OS rates were 84.8%, 26.9%, and 62.2% respectively. At 3 months after RT, 13.0% had a complete response, 36.2% had a partial response, 46.4% had a stable disease and 4.4% had a progressive disease. In the multivariate analysis, AFP ≥ 600 IU/ml (HR 2.06, p = 0.03), Child-Pugh Class B or C (HR 2.30, p = 0.02), and modified Union for International Cancer Control (mUICC) stage IVA or IVB (4.05, p = 0.02) were significantly related to OS. During the follow-up period, there were 2 (2.8%) cases of grade ≥3 toxicity: grade 3 AST/ALT elevation (n = 1), and acute cholangitis (n = 1). CONCLUSION Hypofractionated RT demonstrated promising local PVTT control with acceptable toxicity. These data suggest that 10-fraction image-guided hypofractionated RT (BED10 = 56-75 Gy10) is a feasible treatment option for PVTT in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J H Choi
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - E K Chie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H C Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - K S Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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Foy SP, Jacoby K, Bota DA, Hunter T, Pan Z, Stawiski E, Ma Y, Lu W, Peng S, Wang CL, Yuen B, Dalmas O, Heeringa K, Sennino B, Conroy A, Bethune MT, Mende I, White W, Kukreja M, Gunturu S, Humphrey E, Hussaini A, An D, Litterman AJ, Quach BB, Ng AHC, Lu Y, Smith C, Campbell KM, Anaya D, Skrdlant L, Huang EYH, Mendoza V, Mathur J, Dengler L, Purandare B, Moot R, Yi MC, Funke R, Sibley A, Stallings-Schmitt T, Oh DY, Chmielowski B, Abedi M, Yuan Y, Sosman JA, Lee SM, Schoenfeld AJ, Baltimore D, Heath JR, Franzusoff A, Ribas A, Rao AV, Mandl SJ. Non-viral precision T cell receptor replacement for personalized cell therapy. Nature 2023; 615:687-696. [PMID: 36356599 PMCID: PMC9768791 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05531-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
T cell receptors (TCRs) enable T cells to specifically recognize mutations in cancer cells1-3. Here we developed a clinical-grade approach based on CRISPR-Cas9 non-viral precision genome-editing to simultaneously knockout the two endogenous TCR genes TRAC (which encodes TCRα) and TRBC (which encodes TCRβ). We also inserted into the TRAC locus two chains of a neoantigen-specific TCR (neoTCR) isolated from circulating T cells of patients. The neoTCRs were isolated using a personalized library of soluble predicted neoantigen-HLA capture reagents. Sixteen patients with different refractory solid cancers received up to three distinct neoTCR transgenic cell products. Each product expressed a patient-specific neoTCR and was administered in a cell-dose-escalation, first-in-human phase I clinical trial ( NCT03970382 ). One patient had grade 1 cytokine release syndrome and one patient had grade 3 encephalitis. All participants had the expected side effects from the lymphodepleting chemotherapy. Five patients had stable disease and the other eleven had disease progression as the best response on the therapy. neoTCR transgenic T cells were detected in tumour biopsy samples after infusion at frequencies higher than the native TCRs before infusion. This study demonstrates the feasibility of isolating and cloning multiple TCRs that recognize mutational neoantigens. Moreover, simultaneous knockout of the endogenous TCR and knock-in of neoTCRs using single-step, non-viral precision genome-editing are achieved. The manufacture of neoTCR engineered T cells at clinical grade, the safety of infusing up to three gene-edited neoTCR T cell products and the ability of the transgenic T cells to traffic to the tumours of patients are also demonstrated.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Biopsy
- Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy/adverse effects
- Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy/methods
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/complications
- Disease Progression
- Encephalitis/complications
- Gene Editing
- Gene Knock-In Techniques
- Gene Knockout Techniques
- Genes, T-Cell Receptor alpha
- Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta
- Mutation
- Neoplasms/complications
- Neoplasms/genetics
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Neoplasms/therapy
- Patient Safety
- Precision Medicine/adverse effects
- Precision Medicine/methods
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Transgenes/genetics
- HLA Antigens/immunology
- CRISPR-Cas Systems
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela A Bota
- Department of Neurology and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Zheng Pan
- PACT Pharma, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Yan Ma
- PACT Pharma, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - William Lu
- PACT Pharma, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ines Mende
- PACT Pharma, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Duo An
- PACT Pharma, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Yue Lu
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Chad Smith
- PACT Pharma, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katie M Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Roel Funke
- PACT Pharma, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - David Y Oh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bartosz Chmielowski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mehrdad Abedi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Sosman
- Department of Medicine and Robert H. Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Sylvia M Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adam J Schoenfeld
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Baltimore
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Antoni Ribas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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9
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Sakthivel R, Kwon OM, Park MJ, Lee SM, Sakthivel R. Disturbance rejection for multi-weighted complex dynamical networks with actuator saturation and deception attacks via hybrid-triggered mechanism. Neural Netw 2023; 162:225-239. [PMID: 36921433 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2023.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we address hybrid-driven-based robust synchronization problem for multi-weighted complex dynamical networks with actuator saturation and deception attacks. The hybrid-triggered mechanism, which combines a switch between the event-triggered scheme and the time-triggered scheme, is often used to reduce the data transmission and the alleviate network burden. Further, the equivalent-input-disturbance technique is applied to eliminate the unknown disturbance effect of the addressed system. Moreover, a memory controller is designed under actuator saturation to ensure that the resultant augmented system is asymptotically synchronized even in the presence of deception attacks. Finally, three numerical examples are given to show the validity of the obtained theoretical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sakthivel
- School of Electrical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, South Korea
| | - O M Kwon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, South Korea.
| | - M J Park
- Center of Global Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Yongin 17104, South Korea
| | - S M Lee
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, South Korea
| | - R Sakthivel
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, India; Department of Mathematics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440746, South Korea.
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10
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Ko H, Lee SM, Chang HK, Min SY, Cho K, Park MS. Laparoscopic total extra-peritoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair under local anesthesia by topical lidocaine injection. Hernia 2023; 27:113-118. [PMID: 35939245 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-022-02653-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Laparoscopic total extra-peritoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair is usually performed under general anesthesia (GA) for muscle relaxation. However, TEP hernia repair may be reluctant in high-risk patients of GA. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of the TEP under GA and local anesthesia (LA). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed patients with inguinal hernia who underwent TEP under GA or LA in a single center from December 2016 to May 2018. The outcomes, such as demographics, duration of surgery, length of hospital stay, visual analog scale (VAS), and postoperative complications, were compared in each group. RESULTS Seventy-six patients with inguinal hernia underwent TEP under GA (n = 52) or LA (n = 24). Total operation time (mean ± standard deviation; GA, 111.6 ± 23.0 min; LA, 76.3 ± 18.0 min; p < 0.001) and length of hospital stay (GA, 38.3 ± 11.6 min; LA, 30.3 ± 15.6 min; p < 0.014) were shorter in LA group compared to GA group. There were no significant differences in postoperative VAS (1 h, p = 0.247; 4 h, p = 0.086; 12 h, p = 0.469; 24 h, p = 0.411), postoperative adverse effects (vomiting, p = 0.570; urinary retention, p = 0.214; headache, p = 0.494), and postoperative complications (seroma, p = 0.348; scrotal edema, p = 0.178; recurrence, p = 0.822) between LA group and GA group. CONCLUSION Compared with GA, there were no differences in postoperative pain and complications in patients who underwent TEP hernia repair under LA. Furthermore, in LA group, total operation time and length of hospital stay were shortened.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ko
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 23, Kyung Hee Dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 23, Kyung Hee Dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Chang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 23, Kyung Hee Dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Min
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 23, Kyung Hee Dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - K Cho
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 23, Kyung Hee Dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - M-S Park
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 23, Kyung Hee Dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Kim E, Cho HH, Cho SH, Park B, Hong J, Shin KM, Hwang MJ, You SK, Lee SM. Accelerated Synthetic MRI with Deep Learning-Based Reconstruction for Pediatric Neuroimaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:1653-1659. [PMID: 36175085 PMCID: PMC9731246 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Synthetic MR imaging is a time-efficient technique. However, its rather long scan time can be challenging for children. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical feasibility of accelerated synthetic MR imaging with deep learning-based reconstruction in pediatric neuroimaging and to investigate the impact of deep learning-based reconstruction on image quality and quantitative values in synthetic MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 47 children 2.3-14.7 years of age who underwent both standard and accelerated synthetic MR imaging at 3T. The accelerated synthetic MR imaging was reconstructed using a deep learning pipeline. The image quality, lesion detectability, tissue values, and brain volumetry were compared among accelerated deep learning and accelerated and standard synthetic data sets. RESULTS The use of deep learning-based reconstruction in the accelerated synthetic scans significantly improved image quality for all contrast weightings (P < .001), resulting in image quality comparable with or superior to that of standard scans. There was no significant difference in lesion detectability between the accelerated deep learning and standard scans (P > .05). The tissue values and brain tissue volumes obtained with accelerated deep learning and the other 2 scans showed excellent agreement and a strong linear relationship (all, R 2 > 0.9). The difference in quantitative values of accelerated scans versus accelerated deep learning scans was very small (tissue values, <0.5%; volumetry, -1.46%-0.83%). CONCLUSIONS The use of deep learning-based reconstruction in synthetic MR imaging can reduce scan time by 42% while maintaining image quality and lesion detectability and providing consistent quantitative values. The accelerated deep learning synthetic MR imaging can replace standard synthetic MR imaging in both contrast-weighted and quantitative imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kim
- From the Departments of Medical and Biological Engineering (E.K.)
- Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals (E.K.), Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H-H Cho
- Department of Radiology and Medical Research Institute (H.-H.C.), College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S H Cho
- Radiology (S.H.C., B.P., J.H., K.M.S., S.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., B.P., J.H., K.M.S., S.M.L.), Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - B Park
- Radiology (S.H.C., B.P., J.H., K.M.S., S.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., B.P., J.H., K.M.S., S.M.L.), Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - J Hong
- Radiology (S.H.C., B.P., J.H., K.M.S., S.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., B.P., J.H., K.M.S., S.M.L.), Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - K M Shin
- Radiology (S.H.C., B.P., J.H., K.M.S., S.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., B.P., J.H., K.M.S., S.M.L.), Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - M J Hwang
- GE Healthcare Korea (M.J.H.), Seoul, South Korea
| | - S K You
- Department of Radiology (S.K.Y.), Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Radiology (S.H.C., B.P., J.H., K.M.S., S.M.L.), School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Radiology (S.H.C., B.P., J.H., K.M.S., S.M.L.), Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
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12
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Park J, Han S, Lee SM. Restored Action Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning from observation for robot manipulator. ISA Trans 2022; 129:684-690. [PMID: 35292172 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2022.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a new imitation learning algorithm is proposed based on the Restored Action Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning (RAGAIL) from observation. An action policy is trained to move a robot manipulator similar to a demonstrator's behavior by using the restored action from state-only demonstration. To imitate the demonstrator, the trajectory is generated by Recurrent Generative Adversarial Networks (RGAN), and the action is restored from the output of the tracking controller constructed by the state and the generated target trajectory. The proposed imitation learning algorithm is not required to access the demonstrator's action (internal control signal such as force/torque command) and provides better learning performances. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through the experimental results of the robot manipulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongcheon Park
- Cyber Physical Systems & Control Laboratory, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyong Han
- Cyber Physical Systems & Control Laboratory, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Cyber Physical Systems & Control Laboratory, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Park HJ, An WS, Rha SH, Kim SE, Lee SM. Minimal change glomerulonephritis following the second dose of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. QJM 2022; 115:490-491. [PMID: 35380707 PMCID: PMC9383619 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S H Rha
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 26, Daesingongwon-ro, Dongdaesin-dong 3-ga, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | | | - S M Lee
- Address correspondence to Dr Su Mi Lee, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, 26 Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Veatch JR, Lee SM, Shasha C, Singhi N, Szeto JL, Moshiri AS, Kim TS, Smythe K, Kong P, Fitzgibbon M, Jesernig B, Bhatia S, Tykodi SS, Hall ET, Byrd DR, Thompson JA, Pillarisetty VG, Duhen T, McGarry Houghton A, Newell E, Gottardo R, Riddell SR. Neoantigen-specific CD4 + T cells in human melanoma have diverse differentiation states and correlate with CD8 + T cell, macrophage, and B cell function. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:393-409.e9. [PMID: 35413271 PMCID: PMC9011147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells that recognize tumor antigens are required for immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in murine models, but their contributions in human cancer are unclear. We used single-cell RNA sequencing and T cell receptor sequences to identify signatures and functional correlates of tumor-specific CD4+ T cells infiltrating human melanoma. Conventional CD4+ T cells that recognize tumor neoantigens express CXCL13 and are subdivided into clusters expressing memory and T follicular helper markers, and those expressing cytolytic markers, inhibitory receptors, and IFN-γ. The frequency of CXCL13+ CD4+ T cells in the tumor correlated with the transcriptional states of CD8+ T cells and macrophages, maturation of B cells, and patient survival. Similar correlations were observed in a breast cancer cohort. These results identify phenotypes and functional correlates of tumor-specific CD4+ T cells in melanoma and suggest the possibility of using such cells to modify the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Veatch
- Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Sylvia M Lee
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carolyn Shasha
- Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Naina Singhi
- Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julia L Szeto
- Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ata S Moshiri
- Department of Dermatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Teresa S Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kimberly Smythe
- Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul Kong
- Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew Fitzgibbon
- Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brenda Jesernig
- Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shailender Bhatia
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Scott S Tykodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Evan T Hall
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David R Byrd
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John A Thompson
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Thomas Duhen
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - A McGarry Houghton
- Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Evan Newell
- Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Raphael Gottardo
- Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stanley R Riddell
- Department of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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15
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Qureshi HA, Zhu X, Yang GH, Steadele M, Pierce RH, Futran ND, Lee SM, Méndez E, Houghton AM. Impact of HPV status on immune responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2022; 127:105774. [PMID: 35219073 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of our study was to understand the impact of immune cell composition and the tumor-reactivity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in HPV-positive (HPV+) and HPV-negative (HPV-) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). TIL cultures were established from primary HNSCC tumors, the T cell subsets were phenotypically characterized using flow cytometry, and Interferon (IFN)-γ ELISA assay was used to determine TIL function. NanoString Immune Profiler was used to determine an immune signature by HPV-status, and multiplex immunohistochemistry (MIHC) was used to quantify immune cell distributions and their spatial relationships. Results showed that HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC had similar capacity to expand IFN-γ reactive TIL populations, and these TIL populations had similar characteristics. NanoString analysis revealed increased differential expression of genes related to B cell functions in HPV+ HNSCC, which were significant at a Benjamini-Yekutieli adjusted p-value of < 0.001. MIHC also displayed increased CD8+ T cell and CD19/CD20+ B cell densities in the tumor region of HPV+ HNSCC as opposed to HPV- HNSCC (p < 0.01). Increases in a combined metric of tumor B cell content and stromal plasma cell content was associated with increased progression-free survival in HPV- HNSCC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (p = 0.03). In summary, TIL populations expanded from HPV+ and HPV- HNSCC displayed similar IFN-γ reactivity. However, we identified a strong B-cell signature present within HPV+ HNSCC, and higher B and plasma cell content associated with improved PFS in HPV- HNSCC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannan A Qureshi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Division, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Division, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Grace H Yang
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Division, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Melissa Steadele
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Division, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Robert H Pierce
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Division, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Neal D Futran
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sylvia M Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Division, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Eduardo Méndez
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Division, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - A McGarry Houghton
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Division, Seattle, WA, United States; Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
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16
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Kim KJ, Kim IS, Oh SH, Lee SM, Lee HJ, Kang SH, Lee JB, Ryu YL, Chang CL. Evaluation of an automated specimen processing system for staining and culture for acid-fast bacilli. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 25:677-679. [PMID: 34330357 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K J Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - I-S Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Oh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - H-J Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - J B Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Y L Ryu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - C L Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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17
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Kim HJ, Choi GS, Song SH, Park JS, Park SY, Lee SM, Choi JA. An initial experience with a novel technique of single-port robotic resection for rectal cancer. Tech Coloproctol 2021; 25:857-864. [PMID: 34052901 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-021-02457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The da Vinci single-port (SP) system is designed to facilitate single-incision robotic surgery in a narrow space. We developed a new procedure of rectal resection using this system. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and safety of SP robotic rectal resection for rectal cancer patients based on our initial experience. METHODS A study was conducted on consecutive patients with mid or low rectal cancer who had SP robotic resection at our institution between July and September 2020. The demographic characteristics, perioperative data, and pathology results of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS There were 5 patients (3 males, 2 females, median age 57 years (range 36-73 years). The median tumor height from the anal verge was 4 cm (range 3-5 cm). Two patients received preoperative chemoradiotherapy for advanced rectal cancer. A single docking was conducted, and the median docking time was 4 min 20 s (range 3 min 30 s to 5 min). The median total operation time was 195 min (range 155-240 min), and the median time of pelvic dissection was 45 min (range 36-62 min). All patients had circumferential and distal tumor-free resection margins. One patient experienced an anastomosis-related complication. The median duration of hospital stay was 7 days (range 7-8 days). CONCLUSIONS Our initial experience suggests that SP robotic rectal resection is safe and feasible. Further clinical trials comparing SP and multiport robotic rectal resection should be conducted to verify the superior aspects of this new system.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Kim
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University , 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404, South Korea
| | - G-S Choi
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University , 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404, South Korea.
| | - S H Song
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University , 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404, South Korea
| | - J S Park
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University , 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404, South Korea
| | - S Y Park
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University , 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404, South Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University , 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404, South Korea
| | - J A Choi
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University , 807 Hogukro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404, South Korea
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18
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Abstract
Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) is a multifunctional initiator, mediator, and repressor of autoimmune diseases in an organ- or disease-specific manner. However, the role of FoxO1 in the salivary gland has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we discovered that FoxO1 and aquaporin 5 (AQP5) are both significantly downregulated in the patients with primary Sjögren syndrome, an autoimmune disease accompanying salivary gland dysfunction. Pharmacologic or genetic perturbation of FoxO1 in the rat salivary gland acinar cell line, SMG-C6, induced a significant downregulation of AQP5 expression, as observed in clinical specimens. There was a strong correlation between FoxO1 and AQP5 expression because FoxO1 is a direct regulator of AQP5 expression in salivary gland acinar cells through its interaction with the promoter region of AQP5. Serial injection of a FoxO1 inhibitor into mice induced a reduction of AQP5 expression in submandibular glands and, consequently, hyposalivation, which is one of the major clinical symptoms of primary Sjögren syndrome. However, there was no sign of inflammation or cell damage in the submandibular glands harvested from mice treated with the FoxO1 inhibitor. In conclusion, our findings indicate that FoxO1 in salivary gland tissue acts as a direct regulator of AQP5 expression. Thus, downregulation of FoxO1 observed in primary Sjögren syndrome is a putative mechanism for hyposalivation without the involvement of previously reported soluble factors in primary Sjögren syndrome patient sera.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - J K Choi
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - K Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Byun
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - D Y Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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19
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Srivastava S, Furlan SN, Jaeger-Ruckstuhl CA, Sarvothama M, Berger C, Smythe KS, Garrison SM, Specht JM, Lee SM, Amezquita RA, Voillet V, Muhunthan V, Yechan-Gunja S, Pillai SPS, Rader C, Houghton AM, Pierce RH, Gottardo R, Maloney DG, Riddell SR. Immunogenic Chemotherapy Enhances Recruitment of CAR-T Cells to Lung Tumors and Improves Antitumor Efficacy when Combined with Checkpoint Blockade. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:193-208.e10. [PMID: 33357452 PMCID: PMC7878409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive therapy using chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-T cells) is effective in hematologic but not epithelial malignancies, which cause the greatest mortality. In breast and lung cancer patients, CAR-T cells targeting the tumor-associated antigen receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) infiltrate tumors poorly and become dysfunctional. To test strategies for enhancing efficacy, we adapted the KrasLSL-G12D/+;p53f/f autochthonous model of lung adenocarcinoma to express the CAR target ROR1. Murine ROR1 CAR-T cells transferred after lymphodepletion with cyclophosphamide (Cy) transiently control tumor growth but infiltrate tumors poorly and lose function, similar to what is seen in patients. Adding oxaliplatin (Ox) to the lymphodepletion regimen activates tumor macrophages to express T-cell-recruiting chemokines, resulting in improved CAR-T cell infiltration, remodeling of the tumor microenvironment, and increased tumor sensitivity to anti-PD-L1. Combination therapy with Ox/Cy and anti-PD-L1 synergistically improves CAR-T cell-mediated tumor control and survival, providing a strategy to improve CAR-T cell efficacy in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Srivastava
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Scott N Furlan
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Megha Sarvothama
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Carolina Berger
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kimberly S Smythe
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sarah M Garrison
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer M Specht
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sylvia M Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert A Amezquita
- Vaccine and Infections Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Valentin Voillet
- Vaccine and Infections Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vishaka Muhunthan
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sushma Yechan-Gunja
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Smitha P S Pillai
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christoph Rader
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - A McGarry Houghton
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert H Pierce
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Raphael Gottardo
- Vaccine and Infections Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David G Maloney
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stanley R Riddell
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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20
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Dwiyanto J, Hussain MH, Reidpath D, Ong KS, Qasim A, Lee SWH, Lee SM, Foo SC, Chong CW, Rahman S. Ethnicity influences the gut microbiota of individuals sharing a geographical location: a cross-sectional study from a middle-income country. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2618. [PMID: 33514807 PMCID: PMC7846579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
No studies have investigated the influence of ethnicity in a multi-ethnic middle-income country with a long-standing history of co-habitation. Stool samples from 214 Malaysian community members (46 Malay, 65 Chinese, 49 Indian, and 54 Jakun) were collected. The gut microbiota of the participants was investigated using 16S amplicon sequencing. Ethnicity exhibited the largest effect size across participants (PERMANOVA Pseudo-F = 4.24, R2 = 0.06, p = 0.001). Notably, the influence of ethnicity on the gut microbiota was retained even after controlling for all demographic, dietary factors and other covariates which were significantly associated with the gut microbiome (PERMANOVA Pseudo-F = 1.67, R2 = 0.02, p = 0.002). Our result suggested that lifestyle, dietary, and uncharacterized differences collectively drive the gut microbiota variation across ethnicity, making ethnicity a reliable proxy for both identified and unidentified lifestyle and dietary variation across ethnic groups from the same community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky Dwiyanto
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - M H Hussain
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - D Reidpath
- Health System and Population Studies Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,South East Asia Community Observatory, Segamat, Malaysia
| | - K S Ong
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - A Qasim
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Genomics Facility, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - S W H Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - S M Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - S C Foo
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - C W Chong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Sadequr Rahman
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. .,Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.
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21
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Park YJ, Kim SH, Kim TS, Lee SM, Cho BS, Seo CI, Kim HD, Kim J. Ribosomal protein S3 associates with the TFIIH complex and positively regulates nucleotide excision repair. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:3591-3606. [PMID: 33464383 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03754-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In mammalian cells, the bulky DNA adducts caused by ultraviolet radiation are mainly repaired via the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway; some defects in this pathway lead to a genetic disorder known as xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). Ribosomal protein S3 (rpS3), a constituent of the 40S ribosomal subunit, is a multi-functional protein with various extra-ribosomal functions, including a role in the cellular stress response and DNA repair-related activities. We report that rpS3 associates with transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) via an interaction with the xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD) protein and complements its function in the NER pathway. For optimal repair of UV-induced duplex DNA lesions, the strong helicase activity of the TFIIH complex is required for unwinding damaged DNA around the lesion. Here, we show that XP-D cells overexpressing rpS3 showed markedly increased resistance to UV radiation through XPD and rpS3 interaction. Additionally, the knockdown of rpS3 caused reduced NER efficiency in HeLa cells and the overexpression of rpS3 partially restored helicase activity of the TFIIH complex of XP-D cells in vitro. We also present data suggesting that rpS3 is involved in post-excision processing in NER, assisting TFIIH in expediting the repair process by increasing its turnover rate when DNA is damaged. We propose that rpS3 is an accessory protein of the NER pathway and its recruitment to the repair machinery augments repair efficiency upon UV damage by enhancing XPD helicase function and increasing its turnover rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Park
- Lab of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Lab of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - T S Kim
- Lab of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Lab of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - B S Cho
- Lab of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - C I Seo
- Lab of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - H D Kim
- TechnoComplex Building, HAEL Lab, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - J Kim
- Lab of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea. .,TechnoComplex Building, HAEL Lab, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
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22
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Sillah A, Tykodi SS, Hall ET, Thompson JA, Watson NF, Lee SM, Bhatia S, Veatch J, Warner J, Peters U, Malen RC, Silverman A, Phipps AI. Predictive lifestyle markers for efficacy of cancer immune checkpoint inhibitors: a commentary. Future Oncol 2021; 17:363-369. [PMID: 33397134 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle factors could plausibly modulate the host immune system, the tumor microenvironment and, hence, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) response. As such, these factors should be considered in ICI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Sillah
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Epidemiology Program, Fred Hutchinson Research Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98133, USA
| | - Scott S Tykodi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98133, USA.,Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA 98133, USA.,University of Washington School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Evan T Hall
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98133, USA.,Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA 98133, USA.,University of Washington School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - John A Thompson
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98133, USA.,Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA 98133, USA.,University of Washington School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nathaniel F Watson
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Neurology & University of Washington Sleep Medicine Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sylvia M Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98133, USA.,Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA 98133, USA.,University of Washington School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Shailender Bhatia
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98133, USA.,Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA 98133, USA.,University of Washington School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Joshua Veatch
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98133, USA.,Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA 98133, USA.,University of Washington School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Ulrike Peters
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Epidemiology Program, Fred Hutchinson Research Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98133, USA
| | - Rachel C Malen
- Epidemiology Program, Fred Hutchinson Research Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98133, USA
| | - Allison Silverman
- Epidemiology Program, Fred Hutchinson Research Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98133, USA
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Epidemiology Program, Fred Hutchinson Research Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98133, USA
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23
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Jung YM, Lee SM, Oh S, Lyoo SH, Park CW, Lee SD, Park JS, Jun JK. The concordance rate of non-chromosomal congenital malformations in twins based on zygosity: a retrospective cohort study. BJOG 2020; 128:857-864. [PMID: 32783284 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the concordance rate of non-chromosomal congenital malformations in twin pairs based on zygosity. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING A tertiary hospital in Korea. POPULATION Twin pairs born at Seoul National University Hospital between 2001 and 2019. METHODS Congenital malformations were diagnosed by postnatal workups of neonates or autopsy in cases of stillborn infants. Zygosity was confirmed by sex, chorionicity and DNA analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Concordance rate of congenital malformations in twin pairs based on zygosity. RESULTS In total, 3386 twin pairs were included. The risk of a congenital malformation in the index twin increased significantly if the co-twin had the congenital malformation, and the concordance rate was higher in monozygotic (MZ) than in dizygotic (DZ) twins (37.04 versus 16.77, P < 0.001). An increased risk of a congenital malformation in the presence of the same congenital malformation in the co-twin was observed only for malformations of the nervous system, eye/ear/face/neck, circulatory system, cleft lip/palate, genital organs, urinary system and musculoskeletal system. Significantly higher concordance rates in MZ than in DZ twin pairs were observed only for the nervous system (40.00 versus 0.00, P < 0.001), circulatory system (32.97 versus 19.74, P = 0.021), cleft lip/palate (44.44 versus 0.00, P = 0.017) and urinary system (22.22 versus 0.00, P = 0.004), whereas significant differences were not found for the genital organs or musculoskeletal system. CONCLUSIONS Monozygotic twins had higher concordance rates than DZ twins only in specific organ systems. It may be speculated that nervous system, circulatory system, cleft lip/palate and urinary system are primarily genetically affected. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Monozygotic twins had higher concordance rates than dizygotic twins only in specific organ systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Jung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Oh
- Department of Biostatistics, Seoul National University Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Centre, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Lyoo
- Institute of Forensic and Anthropological Science, Medical Research Centre, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - C-W Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Centre, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S D Lee
- Institute of Forensic and Anthropological Science, Medical Research Centre, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J S Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J K Jun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Centre, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Choi SJ, Kwak DW, Kil K, Kim SC, Kwon JY, Kim YH, Na S, Bae JG, Cha HH, Shim JY, Oh KY, Lee KA, Kim SM, Cho IA, Lee SM, Cho GJ, Jo YS, Choi GY, Choi SK, Hur SE, Hwang HS, Kim YJ. Vaginal compared with intramuscular progestogen for preventing preterm birth in high-risk pregnant women (VICTORIA study): a multicentre, open-label randomised trial and meta-analysis. BJOG 2020; 127:1646-1654. [PMID: 32536019 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of two types of progestogen therapy for preventing preterm birth (PTB) and to review the relevant literature. DESIGN A multicentre, randomised, open-label, equivalence trial and a meta-analysis. SETTING Tertiary referral hospitals in South Korea. POPULATION Pregnant women with a history of spontaneous PTB or short cervical length (<25 mm). METHODS Eligible women were screened and randomised at 16-22 weeks of gestation to receive either 200 mg of vaginal micronised progesterone daily (vaginal group) or an intramuscular injection of 250 mg 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate weekly (IM group). Stratified randomisation was carried out according to participating centres and indications for progestogen therapy. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02304237). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Preterm birth (PTB) before 37 weeks of gestation. RESULTS A total of 266 women were randomly assigned and a total of 247 women (119 and 128 women in the vaginal and IM groups, respectively) were available for the intention-to-treat analysis. Risks of PTB before 37 weeks of gestation did not significantly differ between the two groups (22.7 versus 25.8%, P = 0.571). The difference in PTB risk between the two groups was 3.1% (95% CI -7.6 to 13.8%), which was within the equivalence margin of 15%. The meta-analysis results showed no significant differences in the risk of PTB between the vaginal and IM progestogen treatments. CONCLUSION Compared with vaginal progesterone, treatment with intramuscular progestin might increase the risk of PTB before 37 weeks of gestation by as much as 13.8%, or reduce the risk by as much as 7.6%, in women with a history of spontaneous PTB or with short cervical length. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Vaginal and intramuscular progestogen showed equivalent efficacy for preventing preterm birth before 37 weeks of gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-J Choi
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D W Kwak
- Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - K Kil
- Yeouido St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-C Kim
- Pusan National University College of Medicine, Pusan, Korea
| | - J-Y Kwon
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y H Kim
- Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S Na
- Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - J-G Bae
- Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - H-H Cha
- Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-Y Shim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Y Oh
- School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - K A Lee
- Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S M Kim
- Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - I A Cho
- Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - G J Cho
- Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y S Jo
- St Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - G Y Choi
- Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S K Choi
- College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - S E Hur
- Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - H S Hwang
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y J Kim
- College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Long-term mortality following tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in Korea remains unclear.METHODS: The present study used data from the National Health Insurance Service database, an extensive health-related database including most Korean residents. TB patients were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision coding (A15-19, U88.0-88.1) and the type of anti-TB drug(s) between 2003 and 2016. Long-term mortality and causes of death in TB patients were analysed.RESULTS: A total of 357 211 individuals had TB over the period from 2003 to 2016 and 103 682 died. The mean age of the cohort was 54.7 ± 20.7 years, and 59.8% were male. The survival probability of TB patients at 1, 5, and 10 years after diagnosis was 87.8%, 75.3%, and 63.3%, respectively. High mortality and TB-related death rates were especially prominent in the early stages after TB diagnosis. The overall standardized mortality ratio of TB patients to the general Korean population was 3.23 (95% confidence interval 3.21-3.25).CONCLUSION: Mortality in TB patients was especially high in the early stages of disease after TB diagnosis, and mostly due to TB. This figure was approximately three-times higher than the mortality rate in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do
| | - M J Kang
- Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do
| | - C H Han
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do
| | - S M Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do
| | - C J Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do
| | - J M Lee
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do
| | - Y A Kang
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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26
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Cho JS, Jang BK, Lee SM, Lee IJ, Lee CH. Factors affecting the dormancy and germination of bleeding heart [Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara] seeds. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2020; 22:514-521. [PMID: 31965672 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Information on the optimal conditions to promote the germination of Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara seeds is limited; consequently, this study was conducted to establish the requirements to break seed dormancy and promote germination. The selected seeds had morphophysiological dormancy and had not begun embryo development. To study the dormancy breaking and embryo development processes, seeds were subjected to constant or changing temperature treatments during moist stratification. High temperature and humidity resulted in vigorous embryo growth, with the longest embryos occurring after 1 month of incubation at 20 °C. At 4 °C, the seeds required incubation period of at least 3 months to germinate. Embryo growth and germination were higher with changing high and low temperatures than under a constant temperature, and changing temperatures also considerably changed the endogenous hormone levels, embryo development and germination. Bioactive gibberellin (GA) content was higher in seeds incubated at 20 °C for 1 month, then at 4 °C for 2 months. The content of endogenous abscisic acid in seeds subjected to the same treatment decreased by 97.6% compared with that of the untreated seeds. Embryo growth and seed germination require changing high and low temperatures; however, exogenous GA3 could substitute for high temperatures, as it also causes accelerated germination. In this study, the seeds of L. spectabilis were identified as an intermediate simple type, a sub-level of morphophysiologically dormant seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Cho
- Major in Horticulture, School of Applied Plant Science & Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - B K Jang
- Major in Horticulture, School of Applied Plant Science & Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Environmental Agriculture Research Division, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Service, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - I J Lee
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - C H Lee
- Major in Horticulture, School of Applied Plant Science & Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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27
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Rodriguez CP, Wu Q(V, Voutsinas J, Fromm JR, Jiang X, Pillarisetty VG, Lee SM, Santana-Davila R, Goulart B, Baik CS, Chow LQ, Eaton K, Martins R. A Phase II Trial of Pembrolizumab and Vorinostat in Recurrent Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Salivary Gland Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 26:837-845. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-2214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Daniel-Jambun D, Ong KS, Lim YY, Tan JBL, Yap SW, Lee SM. Bactericidal and cytotoxic activity of a diarylheptanoid (etlingerin) isolated from a ginger (Etlingera pubescens) endemic to Borneo. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:59-67. [PMID: 31006174 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of Etlingera pubescens, and to isolate and identify the antimicrobial compound. METHODS AND RESULTS The crude extracts of E. pubescens were obtained through methanol extraction, and evaluated for antimicrobial activities. From this extract, 1,7-bis(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)heptan-3-yl acetate (etlingerin) was isolated. When compared to curcumin (a compound with a similar chemical structure), etlingerin showed twofold lower minimum inhibitory concentration values while also being bactericidal. Through time kill assay, etlingerin showed rapid killing effects (as fast as 60 min) against the Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 8188). Further assessment revealed that etlingerin caused leakage of intracellular materials, therefore suggesting alteration in membrane permeability as its antimicrobial mechanism. Cytotoxicity study demonstrated that etlingerin exhibited approximately 5- to 12-fold higher IC50 values against several cell lines, as compared to curcumin. CONCLUSIONS Etlingerin isolated from E. pubescens showed better antibacterial and cytotoxic activities when compared to curcumin. Etlingerin could be safe for human use, though further cytotoxicity study using animal models is needed. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Etlingerin has a potential to be used in treating bacterial infections due to its good antimicrobial activity, while having potentially low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Daniel-Jambun
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - K S Ong
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Tropical Medicine and Biology, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Y Y Lim
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - J B L Tan
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S W Yap
- Conservation and Environmental Management Division, Menara Tun Mustapha, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - S M Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Tropical Medicine and Biology, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
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Qureshi HA, Zhu X, Lee SM, Mendez E, Houghton AM. Abstract 2841: Differential immune responses to HPV-positive and HPV-negative head and neck cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-2841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been effective in treating several solid tumor malignancies, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC); however, less than 20% of patients benefit from even the most promising ICI drugs. There is a lack of accurate predictors for response to ICI treatment in HNSCC and little is known about which types of immune cells have a more dominant impact on T-cell infiltration in HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC. The main objective of our study was to identify the unique immune signatures of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC and to determine the major immune suppressive entities within their respective tumor microenvironments.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 102 HNSCC patients (44 HPV-positive, 58 HPV-negative), a subset of whom went on to receive ICI therapy later in their treatment course. We determined an immune signature by HPV-status using multiplex gene expression analysis (NanoString Immune Profiler). We also used multiplex immunohistochemistry (MIHC) to simultaneously evaluate markers for macrophages (CD68/CD163), neutrophils (CD66b), cytotoxic T-cells (CD8), B-cells (CD19/CD20), tumor cells (cytokeratin), PD-L1 expression, and DAPI. Immune cell distributions and their spatial relationships were quantified with HALO image analysis software (Indica Labs).
Results: Nanostring analysis revealed increased differential expression of genes related to B-cell functions in HPV-positive HNSCC, such as MS4A1, CD79B, and CD27, which were significant at a Benjamini-Yekutieli adjusted p-value of <0.001. T-cell function genes (e.g. CTLA4 and LAG3) also had significantly increased expression in HPV-positive HNSCC compared to HPV-negative HNSCC. MIHC displayed increased CD8+ T-cell and CD19/CD20+ B-cell densities in the tumor region of HPV-positive HNSCC as opposed to HPV-negative HNSCC (p<0.01). There was a negative correlation in the densities of neutrophils and macrophages in the stroma region compared to density of T-cells in the tumor region in HPV-negative tumors (p<0.05), but not for HPV-positive tumors.
Conclusions: HPV-positive HNSCC appears to have a B-cell and T-cell dominant gene expression profile with increased infiltration of these cells in the tumor region compared to HPV-negative HNSCC. The infiltration of CD8+ T-cells appears to be affected by myeloid cell burden in the stroma in HPV-negative HNSCC. The B-cell signature in HPV-positive HNSCC is particularly of interest, given that B-cells typically play a major role in resolving viral infections. Further analysis will involve correlating the differential patterns of gene expression with immune cell infiltration data to identify which immune cells have a more dominant effect on T-cell infiltration, and subsequently determine the effect on prognosis and response to ICI treatment.
Citation Format: Hannan A. Qureshi, Xiaodong Zhu, Sylvia M. Lee, Eduardo Mendez, A. McGarry Houghton. Differential immune responses to HPV-positive and HPV-negative head and neck cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2841.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Ctr., Seattle, WA
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Veatch JR, Jesernig BL, Kargl J, Fitzgibbon M, Lee SM, Baik C, Martins R, Houghton AM, Riddell SR. Endogenous CD4 + T Cells Recognize Neoantigens in Lung Cancer Patients, Including Recurrent Oncogenic KRAS and ERBB2 ( Her2) Driver Mutations. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 7:910-922. [PMID: 31043415 PMCID: PMC6584616 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
T cells specific for neoantigens encoded by mutated genes in cancers are increasingly recognized as mediators of tumor destruction after immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy or adoptive cell transfer. Much of the focus has been on identifying epitopes presented to CD8+ T cells by class I MHC. However, CD4+ class II MHC-restricted T cells have been shown to have an important role in antitumor immunity. Unfortunately, the vast majority of neoantigens recognized by CD8+ or CD4+ T cells in cancer patients result from random mutations and are patient-specific. Here, we screened the blood of 5 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients for T-cell responses to candidate mutation-encoded neoepitopes. T-cell responses were detected to 8.8% of screened antigens, with 1 to 7 antigens identified per patient. A majority of responses were to random, patient-specific mutations. However, CD4+ T cells that recognized the recurrent KRAS G12V and the ERBB2 (Her2) internal tandem duplication (ITD) oncogenic driver mutations, but not the corresponding wild-type sequences, were identified in two patients. Two different T-cell receptors (TCR) specific for KRAS G12V and one T-cell receptor specific for Her2-ITD were isolated and conferred antigen specificity when transfected into T cells. Deep sequencing identified the Her2-ITD-specific TCR in the tumor but not nonadjacent lung. Our results showed that CD4+ T-cell responses to neoantigens, including recurrent driver mutations, can be derived from the blood of NSCLC patients. These data support the use of adoptive transfer or vaccination to augment CD4+ neoantigen-specific T cells and elucidate their role in human antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Veatch
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Brenda L Jesernig
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Julia Kargl
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Matthew Fitzgibbon
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sylvia M Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Christina Baik
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Renato Martins
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - A McGarry Houghton
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stanley R Riddell
- Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
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Fenn KM, Maurer MA, Lee SM, Crew KD, Trivedi MS, Accordino MK, Hershman DL, Kalinsky K. Abstract P6-18-35: A phase 1 study of erlotinib and metformin in advanced triple negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-18-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, EGFR inhibitors have not shown efficacy as monotherapy in TNBC. One strategy for overcoming resistance to EGFR inhibition is concomitant inhibition of downstream signaling. Metformin is a LKB1-dependent AMPK activator that inhibits both MAPK and AKT signaling. The combination of the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib and metformin synergistically induces apoptosis in TNBC cell lines and decreases tumor burden in PTEN-null EGFR-amplified mouse xenograft models. We evaluated the combination of erlotinib and metformin in a phase 1 study of patients with advanced TNBC.
Methods: Patients with advanced TNBC who had received at least one prior line of therapy for metastatic disease were eligible. Erlotinib dose was fixed at 150mg daily. Metformin dose escalation was planned according to a 3+3 design, beginning at 850mg BID and escalating to 850mg TID. One de-escalation to 500mg BID was allowed. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) were assessed during the first five weeks of therapy. The primary objectives were to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of metformin with fixed dose erlotinib and to determine the potential for clinical benefit. Secondary endpoints were response rate, stable disease rate, and progression free survival. Pre- and on-treatment skin biopsies were collected to determine the effect of the study drugs on their respective cell signaling targets, particularly EGFR, AMPK, and mTOR.
Results: Between March 2013 and May 2015, nine patients were screened and eight were enrolled. Median age was 48 years (range 37-79). Median number of prior therapies for metastatic disease was 2.5 (range 1-6). No DLT events were reported in either of the dose escalation cohorts during the DLT assessment period. AEs occurring in three or more patients and all grade III AEs are reported in Table 1. Grade III diarrhea despite maximum supportive care required dose reduction of metformin from 850mg TID to 850mg BID in one patient. Grade III rash led to study withdrawal in one patient. No grade IV AEs were reported. Per RECIST v1.1, the best observed response was stable disease in two patients (25%). Median time on study was 2.0 months (range 1.2-3.0). Skin biopsy marker assessment is ongoing and will be reported.
Conclusion: The combination of erlotinib and metformin was generally well tolerated in a population of pre-treated metastatic TNBC patients. No unexpected toxicities occurred. While no responses were achieved, stable disease was observed in patients who received this non-chemotherapy combination.
Adverse EventsEventMetformin 850mg BID n=3Metformin 850mg TID n=5All patients n=8 Number of patients (percent) All gradesGrade IIIAll gradesGrade IIIAll gradesGrade IIIRash3 (100)1 (33.3)5 (100)08 (100)1 (12.5)Diarrhea3 (100)05 (100)2 (40.0)8 (100)2 (25.0)Weight loss1 (33.3)05 (100)06 (75.0)0Dry skin1 (33.3)05 (100)06 (75.0)0Nausea2 (66.7)03 (60.0)05 (62.5)0Vomiting1 (33.3)03 (60.0)04 (50.0)0Dry mouth1 (33.3)03 (60.0)04 (50.0)0Dysgeusia1 (33.3)02 (40.0)03 (37.5)0Increased creatinine2 (66.7)01 (20.0)03 (37.5)0Fatigue1 (33.3)02 (40.0)03 (37.5)0Anorexia1 (33.3)02 (40.0)03 (37.5)0Hyponatremia1 (33.3)1 (33.3)001 (12.5)1 (12.5)
Citation Format: Fenn KM, Maurer MA, Lee SM, Crew KD, Trivedi MS, Accordino MK, Hershman DL, Kalinsky K. A phase 1 study of erlotinib and metformin in advanced triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-18-35.
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Affiliation(s)
- KM Fenn
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - MA Maurer
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - SM Lee
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - KD Crew
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - MS Trivedi
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - MK Accordino
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - DL Hershman
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - K Kalinsky
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Seo JH, Lee SM, Yu SN, Lee JW, Lee JE. Clinical usefulness of two-phase 18F-sodium-fluoride ( 18F-NaF) bone PET/CT for evaluating treatment response of bone metastases from breast cancer: Case report. Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol 2019; 38:238-242. [PMID: 30665751 DOI: 10.1016/j.remn.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a breast cancer patient in whom a two-phase 18F-sodium-fluoride (18F-NaF) bone PET/CT was useful for detecting hidden bone metastases and assessing treatment response. The patient underwent a two-phase bone PET/CT to evaluate a newly developed lesion found on bone scintigraphy following surgery. In the perfusion and bone phase PET/CT images, focally increased perfusion and bony uptake were found in the sacrum and L5 vertebra, suggesting bone metastases of breast cancer. Therefore, the patient subsequently underwent palliative treatment. In another twoPET/CT studies (each including two-phase bone images) performed after 3and 6months of follow-up, the perfusion phase images showed an improvement of the lesion uptake more clearly than in the bone phase images in the visual and semi-quantitative analyses, and thus the perfusion phase images were more useful for clarifying the treatment response earlier than the bone phase images. This is the first case showing the clinical usefulness of 18F-NaF bone PET/CT with the perfusion imaging technique for evaluating bone metastases and the therapeutic response of metastatic bone lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Seo
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, 23-20 Byeongmyeong-dong, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, República de Corea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, 23-20 Byeongmyeong-dong, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, República de Corea.
| | - S N Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, 23-20 Byeongmyeong-dong, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, República de Corea
| | - J W Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Simgok-ro 100 Gil 25, Seo-gu, Incheon 22711, República de Corea
| | - J E Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, 23-20 Byeongmyeong-dong, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31151, República de Corea
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Mak CY, Yam JC, Chen LJ, Lee SM, Young AL. Epidemiology of myopia and prevention of myopia progression in children in East Asia: a review. Hong Kong Med J 2018; 24:602-609. [PMID: 30530867 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj187513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myopia (short-sightedness) exhibits high prevalence in East Asia. Methods to mitigate myopia progression are important in preventing the vision-threatening complications associated with high myopia. In this review, we examine the regional epidemiology of myopia and provide updated evidence regarding interventions to slow myopia progression in children. METHODS We performed a literature search using PubMed from the date of inception through 25 June 2018. Studies involving myopia epidemiology and control of myopia progression were selected; only studies published in English were reviewed. Preference was given to prospective studies, as well as those conducted in Hong Kong or East Asia. RESULTS Atropine eye drops and pirenzepine eye gel are highly effective for controlling myopia progression in children. Orthokeratology, peripheral defocus contact lenses, bifocal or progressive addition spectacles, and increased involvement in outdoor activities are also effective for controlling myopia progression; however, myopia undercorrection and single vision contact lenses are ineffective. CONCLUSION Although various methods are effective for controlling myopia progression in children, no curative remedy exists for myopia. Health care professionals should be aware of the available methods, as well as their risks and benefits. Treatment should be individualised and based on the preferences of the patient's family, after full discussion of the risks and benefits of each modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Mak
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J Cs Yam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | | | - A L Young
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Yong YY, Dykes G, Lee SM, Choo WS. Biofilm inhibiting activity of betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and red spinach (Amaranthus dubius) against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 126:68-78. [PMID: 30153380 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the biofilm inhibitory activity of betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and red spinach (Amaranthus dubius) against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. METHODS AND RESULTS The pulp of red pitahaya and the leaves of red spinach were extracted using methanol followed by subfractionation to obtain betacyanin fraction. The anti-biofilm activity was examined using broth microdilution assay on polystyrene surfaces and expressed as minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC). The betacyanin fraction from red spinach showed better anti-biofilm activity (MBIC: 0·313-1·25 mg ml-1 ) against five Staph. aureus strains while the betacyanin fraction from red pitahaya showed better anti-biofilm activity (MBIC: 0·313-0·625 mg ml-1 ) against four P. aeruginosa strains. Both betacyanin fraction significantly reduced hydrophobicity of Staph. aureus and P. aeruginosa strains. Numbers of Staph. aureus and P. aeruginosa attached to polystyrene were also reduced without affecting their cell viability. CONCLUSION Betacyanins can act as anti-biofilm agents against the initial step of biofilm formation, particularly on a hydrophobic surface like polystyrene. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study is the first to investigate the use of betacyanin as a biofilm inhibitory agent. Betacyanin could potentially be used to reduce the risk of biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Yong
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - G Dykes
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - S M Lee
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - W S Choo
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
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35
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Lee KS, Park HK, Chio YS, Lee SA, Heo R, Lee SM, Song JM, Kang DH, Song JK. P1758Clinical situations associated with inappropriately large regurgitant volume in the assessment of mitral regurgitation severity using proximal flow convergence method. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K S Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H K Park
- Asan Medical Center, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - Y S Chio
- Asan Medical Center, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - S A Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - R Heo
- Asan Medical Center, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - S M Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J M Song
- Asan Medical Center, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - D H Kang
- Asan Medical Center, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J K Song
- Asan Medical Center, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
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36
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Margolin K, Morishima C, Velcheti V, Miller JS, Lee SM, Silk AW, Holtan SG, Lacroix AM, Fling SP, Kaiser JC, Egan JO, Jones M, Rhode PR, Rock AD, Cheever MA, Wong HC, Ernstoff MS. Phase I Trial of ALT-803, A Novel Recombinant IL15 Complex, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:5552-5561. [PMID: 30045932 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: IL15 induces the activation and proliferation of natural killer (NK) and memory CD8+ T cells and has preclinical antitumor activity. Given the superior activity and favorable kinetics of ALT-803 (IL15N72D:IL15RαSu/IgG1 Fc complex) over recombinant human IL15 (rhIL15) in animal models, we performed this first-in-human phase I trial of ALT-803 in patients with advanced solid tumors.Patients and Methods: Patients with incurable advanced melanoma, renal cell, non-small cell lung, and head and neck cancer were treated with ALT-803 0.3 to 6 μg/kg weekly intravenously or 6 to 20 μg/kg weekly subcutaneously for 4 consecutive weeks, every 6 weeks. Immune correlates included pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, and lymphocyte expansion and function. Clinical endpoints were toxicity and antitumor activity.Results: Twenty-four patients were enrolled; 11 received intravenous and 13 received subcutaneous ALT-803. Of these patients, nine had melanoma, six renal, three head and neck, and six lung cancer. Although total lymphocyte and CD8+ T-cell expansion were modest, NK cell numbers rose significantly. Neither anti-ALT-803 antibodies nor clinical activity were observed. Overall, ALT-803 was well tolerated, with adverse effects including fatigue and nausea most commonly with intravenous administration, whereas painful injection site wheal was reported most commonly with subcutaneous ALT-803.Conclusions: Subcutaneous ALT-803 produced the expected NK cell expansion and was well tolerated with minimal cytokine toxicities and a strong local inflammatory reaction at injection sites in patients with advanced cancer. These data, together with compelling evidence of synergy in preclinical and clinical studies, provide the rationale for combining ALT-803 with other anticancer agents. Clin Cancer Res; 24(22); 5552-61. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Margolin
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California.
| | - Chihiro Morishima
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | - Sylvia M Lee
- Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ann W Silk
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | | | - Andreanne M Lacroix
- Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Steven P Fling
- Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Judith C Kaiser
- Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jack O Egan
- Altor BioScience, a Nantworks Company, Miramar, Florida
| | - Monica Jones
- Altor BioScience, a Nantworks Company, Miramar, Florida
| | - Peter R Rhode
- Altor BioScience, a Nantworks Company, Miramar, Florida
| | - Amy D Rock
- Altor BioScience, a Nantworks Company, Miramar, Florida
| | - Martin A Cheever
- Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Hing C Wong
- Altor BioScience, a Nantworks Company, Miramar, Florida
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Son YK, Kwon H, Lee HW, Jeong EG, Lee SM, Kim SE, Park Y, An WS. Modification of Erythrocyte Membrane Fatty Acid Contents After Kidney Transplantation: A Prospective Study. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:1332-1335. [PMID: 29880354 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modifications of erythrocyte membrane fatty acid (FA) contents may affect cellular function or transmembrane receptors. One cross-sectional study has shown that kidney transplant (KTP) recipients have lower erythrocyte membrane oleic acid content than dialysis patients do. Therefore, we prospectively tested whether erythrocyte membrane contents of FA including oleic acid change after KTP. METHODS We recruited 23 KTP recipients (September 2011 through May 2014). Blood samples were obtained immediately before KTP and 6 months after. Erythrocyte membrane FA contents were measured by gas chromatography. RESULTS Mean age of the enrolled KTP recipients was 45.3 ± 10.9 years, and men represented 66.7% of the cases. ABO-incompatible KTPs constituted 14.3% and cadaver donors 42.9% of the cases. Steroids, mycophenolate mofetil, and tacrolimus were used as immunosuppressive treatment. There was no significant difference in dietary consumption between time points before and 6 months after KTP. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher at 6 months after KTP as compared with baseline. Erythrocyte membrane contents of polyunsaturated FA, ω-3 FA, ω-6 FA, and the ω-3 index were significantly higher, but erythrocyte membrane contents of total saturated FAs, total monounsaturated FAs, including oleic acid, total trans-FA, palmitoleic acid, and the ω-6-to-ω-3 ratio were significantly lower at 6 months after KTP. CONCLUSIONS Erythrocyte membrane FA contents significantly changed toward a more favorable cardiovascular profile after KTP. These changes in erythrocyte membrane FA contents may be related to improved renal function because of the absence of significant dietary changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - H Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, BHS Hanseo Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - H W Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - E G Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - S E Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Y Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - W S An
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea.
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Liu YL, Chin C, Catanese B, Lee SM, Zhan S, Kalinsky K, Connolly EP. Concurrent use of capecitabine with radiation therapy and survival in breast cancer (BC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2018; 20:1280-1288. [PMID: 29594944 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-018-1859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Capecitabine has been studied as a radiosensitizer, and our study seeks to examine the association of concurrent capecitabine/radiation therapy (RT) on event-free- (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in women with breast cancer (BC) with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). METHODS/PATIENTS In a retrospective study of women with BC who received adriamycin/taxane-based NAC from 2004-2016, we identified 21 women administered concurrent capecitabine/RT. To assess differences in survival, we selected a clinical control cohort (n = 57) based on criteria used to select patients for capecitabine/RT. We also created a matched cohort (2:1), matching on tumor subtype, pathological stage and age (< 50 or 50+ years). Differences in EFS, using STEEP criteria, and OS, using all-cause mortality, between those who received capecitabine/RT and controls were assessed. RESULTS Of the 21 women who received capecitabine/RT, median age was 52 years. The majority were pathologic stage III (n = 15) and hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative BC (n = 20). In those receiving capecitabine/RT, there were 9 events, compared with 14 events in clinical and 10 events in matched controls. Capecitabine/RT was associated with worse OS in clinical (HR 3.83 95% CI 1.12-13.11, p = 0.03) and matched controls (HR 3.71 95% CI 1.04-13.18, p = 0.04), after adjusting for clinical size, pathological stage and lymphovascular invasion. Capecitabine/RT was also associated with a trend towards worse EFS in clinical (HR 2.41 95% CI 0.86-6.74, p = 0.09) and matched controls (HR 2.68 95% CI 0.91-7.90, p = 0.07) after adjustment. CONCLUSION Concurrent capecitabine/RT after NAC is associated with worse survival and should be carefully considered in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Liu
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Chin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Catanese
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Zhan
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - K Kalinsky
- Department of Medical Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - E P Connolly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Veatch JR, Lee SM, Fitzgibbon M, Chow IT, Jesernig B, Schmitt T, Kong YY, Kargl J, Houghton AM, Thompson JA, McIntosh M, Kwok WW, Riddell SR. Tumor-infiltrating BRAFV600E-specific CD4+ T cells correlated with complete clinical response in melanoma. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1563-1568. [PMID: 29360643 DOI: 10.1172/jci98689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells specific for neoantigens encoded by mutated genes in cancers are increasingly recognized as mediators of tumor destruction after immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy or adoptive cell transfer. Unfortunately, most neoantigens result from random mutations and are patient specific, and some cancers contain few mutations to serve as potential antigens. We describe a patient with stage IV acral melanoma who achieved a complete response following adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Tumor exome sequencing surprisingly revealed fewer than 30 nonsynonymous somatic mutations, including oncogenic BRAFV600E. Analysis of the specificity of TILs identified rare CD4+ T cells specific for BRAFV600E and diverse CD8+ T cells reactive to nonmutated self-antigens. These specificities increased in blood after TIL transfer and persisted long-term, suggesting they contributed to the effective antitumor immune response. Gene transfer of the BRAFV600E-specific T cell receptor (TCR) conferred recognition of class II MHC-positive cells expressing the BRAF mutation. Therapy with TCR-engineered BRAFV600E-specific CD4+ T cells may have direct antitumor effects and augment CD8+ T cell responses to self- and/or mutated tumor antigens in patients with BRAF-mutated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Veatch
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sylvia M Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Matthew Fitzgibbon
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - I-Ting Chow
- Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brenda Jesernig
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tom Schmitt
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Julia Kargl
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A McGarry Houghton
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John A Thompson
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Martin McIntosh
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Stanley R Riddell
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Chapuis AG, Roberts IM, Thompson JA, Margolin KA, Bhatia S, Lee SM, Sloan HL, Lai IP, Farrar EA, Wagener F, Shibuya KC, Cao J, Wolchok JD, Greenberg PD, Yee C. T-Cell Therapy Using Interleukin-21-Primed Cytotoxic T-Cell Lymphocytes Combined With Cytotoxic T-Cell Lymphocyte Antigen-4 Blockade Results in Long-Term Cell Persistence and Durable Tumor Regression. J Clin Oncol 2017; 34:3787-3795. [PMID: 27269940 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.65.5142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Peripheral blood-derived antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) provide a readily available source of effector cells that can be administered with minimal toxicity in an outpatient setting. In metastatic melanoma, this approach results in measurable albeit modest clinical responses in patients resistant to conventional therapy. We reasoned that concurrent cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) checkpoint blockade might enhance the antitumor activity of adoptively transferred CTLs. Patients and Methods Autologous MART1-specific CTLs were generated by priming with peptide-pulsed dendritic cells in the presence of interleukin-21 and enriched by peptide-major histocompatibility complex multimer-guided cell sorting. This expeditiously yielded polyclonal CTL lines uniformly expressing markers associated with an enhanced survival potential. In this first-in-human strategy, 10 patients with stage IV melanoma received the MART1-specific CTLs followed by a standard course of anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab). Results The toxicity profile of the combined treatment was comparable to that of ipilimumab monotherapy. Evaluation of best responses at 12 weeks yielded two continuous complete remissions, one partial response (PR) using RECIST criteria (two PRs using immune-related response criteria), and three instances of stable disease. Infused CTLs persisted with frequencies up to 2.9% of CD8+ T cells for as long as the patients were monitored (up to 40 weeks). In patients who experienced complete remissions, PRs, or stable disease, the persisting CTLs acquired phenotypic and functional characteristics of long-lived memory cells. Moreover, these patients also developed responses to nontargeted tumor antigens (epitope spreading). Conclusion We demonstrate that combining antigen-specific CTLs with CTLA-4 blockade is safe and produces durable clinical responses, likely reflecting both enhanced activity of transferred cells and improved recruitment of new responses, highlighting the promise of this strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude G Chapuis
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ilana M Roberts
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - John A Thompson
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Kim A Margolin
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Shailender Bhatia
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Sylvia M Lee
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Heather L Sloan
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ivy P Lai
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Erik A Farrar
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Felecia Wagener
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Kendall C Shibuya
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jianhong Cao
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Jedd D Wolchok
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Philip D Greenberg
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Cassian Yee
- Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Philip D. Greenberg, and Cassian Yee, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, and Shailender Bhatia, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance and University of Washington, Seattle WA; and Jedd D. Wolchok, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Daniel-Jambun D, Dwiyanto J, Lim YY, Tan JBL, Muhamad A, Yap SW, Lee SM. Investigation on the antimicrobial activities of gingers (Etlingera coccinea (Blume) S.Sakai & Nagam and Etlingera sessilanthera R.M.Sm.) endemic to Borneo. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 123:810-818. [PMID: 28708293 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the antimicrobial properties of Etlingera coccinea and Etlingera sessilanthera and to isolate and identify the antimicrobial compounds. METHODS AND RESULTS Extracts were obtained via sequential solvent extraction method using hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water. Antimicrobial activity testing was done using broth microdilution assay against 17 strains of bacteria. The leaf hexane extract of E. coccinea and rhizome hexane extract of E. sessilanthera showed best antimicrobial activities, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0·016 to 1 mg ml-1 against Gram-positive bacteria. From these active extracts, two antimicrobials were isolated and identified as trans-2-dodecenal and 8(17),12-labdadiene-15,16-dial with MIC values ranging from 4 to 8 μg ml-1 against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. CONCLUSION Etlingera coccinea and E. sessilanthera demonstrated good antimicrobial activities against clinically relevant bacteria strains. The antimicrobial compounds isolated showed low MIC values, hence suggesting their potential use as antimicrobial agents. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study is the first to identify the potent antimicrobials from these gingers. The antimicrobials isolated could potentially be developed further for use in treatment of bacterial infections. Also, this study warrants further research into other Etlingera species in search for more antimicrobial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Daniel-Jambun
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - J Dwiyanto
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Y Y Lim
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - J B L Tan
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - A Muhamad
- Structural and Biophysics Facility, Malaysia Genome Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia (MOSTI), Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S W Yap
- Conservation and Environmental Management Division, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - S M Lee
- Tropical Medicine and Biology, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
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Hur EY, Jin YJ, Jin TX, Lee SM. Development and evaluation of the automated risk assessment system for multidrug-resistant organisms (autoRAS-MDRO). J Hosp Infect 2017; 98:202-211. [PMID: 28807836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high proportion of infections acquired in hospitals are caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). The priority in MDRO prevention is to detect high-risk patients and implement preventive intervention as soon as possible. AIM To develop an automated risk assessment system for MDROs (autoRAS-MDRO) to screen for patients at MDRO infection risk and evaluate the predictive validity of the autoRAS-MDRO. METHODS Data for 4200 variables were extracted from the electronic health records (EHRs) for constructing the MDRO risk-scoring algorithm, which was based on a logistic regression model. The autoRAS-MDRO was designed such that the MDRO risk classification (high, moderate, low risk) could be automatically displayed on the nursing Kardex screen in the EHRs system. For the development of the MDRO risk-scoring algorithm, 1000 patients with MDROs and 4000 patients without MDROs were selected; similarly, for the evaluation, 2173 and 8692 patients with and without MDROs, respectively, were selected. FINDINGS The predictive validity of the autoRAS-MDRO was as follows: (i) at the 6-month evaluation: sensitivity, 81%; specificity, 79%; positive predictive value (PPV), 49%; negative predictive value (NPV), 94%; and Youden index, 0.60; (ii) at the 12-month evaluation: sensitivity 79%, specificity 78%, PPV 47%, NPV 94%, and Youden index, 0.57. CONCLUSION The autoRAS-MDRO had moderate predictive validity. It could be useful in redirecting nurses' time and efforts required for MDRO risk assessment and implementation of infection control measures, and in reducing the incidence of MDRO infection in hospitals, thereby contributing to patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Y Hur
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y J Jin
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - T X Jin
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S M Lee
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
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You SK, Lee JE, Lee SM, Cho HH. Metabolic bone disease in preterm infants: Relationship between radiologic grading in the wrist and serum biochemical markers. Diagn Interv Imaging 2017; 98:785-791. [PMID: 28734779 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the relationship between radiographic findings of metabolic bone disease (MBD) and serum biochemical markers in preterm infants. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 159 preterm infants were included in this study. Two readers reviewed the wrist radiography for grading according to MBD severity. We recorded the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and phosphorous (P) immediately after birth, on the same day of the first wrist radiography (ALP-s, P-s), the highest/lowest ALP/P levels before the first wrist radiography (ALP-hb/P-lb) and during follow-up (ALP-h/P-l). For analysis, the patients were first subdivided into 4 groups according to MBD severity, and were then divided into 2 groups according to MBD presence or absence. RESULTS Of the 159 patients, 94, 39, 19, and 7 infants were classified into grades 0,1, 2, and 3. Analysis according to severity showed that ALP-s, ALP-hb, and ALP-h differed between grades 0-1 and 2-3 (all P<0.001); P-lb differed between grades 0 and 2 (P=0.001); and P-l differed between grades 0 and 2 or 3 (P<0.001 or P=0.001). Moreover, ALP-s, ALP-hb, ALP-h, P-s, P-lb, and P-l differed according to the presence or absence of MBD (P<0.001). ALP-h showed the largest area under the curve value (0.752, 95% confidence interval=0.676-0.828, P<0.001). The optimal cut-off value of ALP-h was 473.5U/L. The sensitivity and specificity were 81.5% and 47.9%. ALP-h was measured at 6.9±5.3 weeks after birth. CONCLUSION Taking the wrist radiography with reference to an ALP level measured at around 6.9 weeks after birth could be helpful for screening of MBD in preterm infants, unless a fracture is clinically suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K You
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - J E Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - H-H Cho
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
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Lee SM, Cheon JE, Choi YH, Kim IO, Kim WS, Cho HH, Lee JY, Wang KC. Limited Dorsal Myeloschisis and Congenital Dermal Sinus: Comparison of Clinical and MR Imaging Features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:176-182. [PMID: 27765739 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE While limited dorsal myeloschisis is a distinctive form of spinal dysraphism, it may be confused with congenital dermal sinus. The aim of this study was to describe clinical and MR imaging findings of limited dorsal myeloschisis that can distinguish it from congenital dermal sinus. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and MR imaging findings of 12 patients with limited dorsal myeloschisis and 10 patients with congenital dermal sinus. Skin abnormalities, neurologic deficits, and infectious complication were evaluated on the basis of clinical information. We evaluated the following MR imaging features: visibility of the tract along the intrathecal course, attachment site of the tract, level of the conus medullaris, shape of the spinal cord, and presence of intradural lesions such as dermoid/epidermoid tumors. RESULTS A crater covered with pale epithelium was the most common skin lesion in limited dorsal myeloschisis (10/12, 83%). Infectious complications were common in congenital dermal sinus (6/10, 60%), whereas none were found in limited dorsal myeloschisis (P = .003). The following MR imaging findings were significantly different between the 2 groups (P < .05): 1) higher visibility of the intrathecal tract in limited dorsal myeloschisis (10/12, 83%) versus in congenital dermal sinus (1/10, 10%), 2) the tract attached to the cord in limited dorsal myeloschisis (12/12, 100%) versus various tract attachments in congenital dermal sinus, 3) dorsal tenting of the cord in limited dorsal myeloschisis (10/12, 83%) versus in congenital dermal sinus (1/10, 10%), and 4) the presence of dermoid/epidermoid tumors in congenital dermal sinus (6/10, 60%) versus none in limited dorsal myeloschisis. CONCLUSIONS Limited dorsal myeloschisis has distinct MR imaging features: a visible intrathecal tract with dorsal tenting of the cord at the tract-cord union. Limited dorsal myeloschisis was not associated with infection and dermoid/epidermoid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Lee
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.M.L., J.-E.C., Y.H.C., I.-O.K., W.S.K., H.-H.C.)
- Department of Radiology (S.M.L.), Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-E Cheon
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.M.L., J.-E.C., Y.H.C., I.-O.K., W.S.K., H.-H.C.)
| | - Y H Choi
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.M.L., J.-E.C., Y.H.C., I.-O.K., W.S.K., H.-H.C.)
| | - I-O Kim
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.M.L., J.-E.C., Y.H.C., I.-O.K., W.S.K., H.-H.C.)
| | - W S Kim
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.M.L., J.-E.C., Y.H.C., I.-O.K., W.S.K., H.-H.C.)
| | - H-H Cho
- From the Departments of Radiology (S.M.L., J.-E.C., Y.H.C., I.-O.K., W.S.K., H.-H.C.)
- Department of Radiology (H.-H.C.), Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Anatomy (J.Y.L.)
- Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery (J.Y.L., K.-C.W.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K-C Wang
- Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery (J.Y.L., K.-C.W.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chapuis AG, Lee SM, Thompson JA, Roberts IM, Margolin KA, Bhatia S, Sloan HL, Lai I, Wagener F, Shibuya K, Cao J, Wolchok JD, Greenberg PD, Yee C. Combined IL-21-primed polyclonal CTL plus CTLA4 blockade controls refractory metastatic melanoma in a patient. J Exp Med 2016; 213:1133-9. [PMID: 27242164 PMCID: PMC4925025 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20152021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chapuis et al. demonstrate that the combination of adoptive cellular therapy with CTLA4 blockade induces long-term remission in a melanoma patient resistant to both modalities administered serially and individually. Adoptive transfer of peripheral blood–derived, melanoma-reactive CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) alone is generally insufficient to eliminate bulky tumors. Similarly, monotherapy with anti-CTLA4 infrequently yields sustained remissions in patients with metastatic melanoma. We postulated that a bolus of enhanced IL-21–primed polyclonal antigen-specific CTL combined with CTLA4 blockade might boost antitumor efficacy. In this first-in-human case study, the combination successfully led to a durable complete remission (CR) in a patient whose disease was refractory to both monoclonal CTL and anti-CTLA4. Long-term persistence and sustained anti-tumor activity of transferred CTL, as well as responses to nontargeted antigens, confirmed mutually beneficial effects of the combined treatment. In this first-in-human study, Chapuis et al. demonstrate that the combination of adoptive cellular therapy with CTLA4 blockade induces long-term remission in a melanoma patient resistant to both modalities administered serially and individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude G Chapuis
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC), Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Sylvia M Lee
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC), Seattle, WA 98109
| | - John A Thompson
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center/FHCRC/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Ilana M Roberts
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC), Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Kim A Margolin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center/FHCRC/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Shailender Bhatia
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center/FHCRC/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Heather L Sloan
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC), Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Ivy Lai
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC), Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Felecia Wagener
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC), Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Kendall Shibuya
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC), Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Jianhong Cao
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC), Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Jedd D Wolchok
- Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 100165
| | - Philip D Greenberg
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC), Seattle, WA 98109 Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Cassian Yee
- Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC), Seattle, WA 98109
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Lee JS, Lee SM, Jeong SW, Sung YG, Lee JH, Kim KW. Effects of age, replicative lifespan and growth rate of human nucleus pulposus cells on selecting age range for cell-based biological therapies for degenerative disc diseases. Biotech Histochem 2016; 91:377-85. [PMID: 27149303 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2016.1179790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous disc cell implantation, growth factors and gene therapy appear to be promising therapies for disc regeneration. Unfortunately, the replicative lifespan and growth kinetics of human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells related to host age are unclear. We investigated the potential relations among age, replicative lifespan and growth rate of NP cells, and determined the age range that is suitable for cell-based biological therapies for degenerative disc diseases. We used NP tissues classified by decade into five age groups: 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s and 70s. The mean cumulative population doubling level (PDL) and population doubling rate (PDR) of NP cells were assessed by decade. We also investigated correlations between cumulative PDL and age, and between PDR and age. The mean cumulative PDL and PDR decreased significantly in patients in their 60s. The mean cumulative PDL and PDR in the younger groups (30s, 40s and 50s) were significantly higher than those in the older groups (60s and 70s). There also were significant negative correlations between cumulative PDL and age, and between PDR and age. We found that the replicative lifespan and growth rate of human NP cells decreased with age. The replicative potential of NP cells decreased significantly in patients 60 years old and older. Young individuals less than 60 years old may be suitable candidates for NP cell-based biological therapies for treating degenerative disc diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Lee
- a Departments of Orthopedic Surgery , Seoul , Korea
| | - S M Lee
- a Departments of Orthopedic Surgery , Seoul , Korea
| | - S W Jeong
- b Orthopedic Research, Medical Research Institute , Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Korea
| | - Y G Sung
- a Departments of Orthopedic Surgery , Seoul , Korea
| | - J H Lee
- a Departments of Orthopedic Surgery , Seoul , Korea
| | - K W Kim
- a Departments of Orthopedic Surgery , Seoul , Korea
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Shin J, Kim Y, Lee H, Lee J, Kim KS, Cho YJ, Jo YH, Rhu H, Kim KS, Lee SM, Min J, Park G, Yoon J, Park SI, Lee YJ. Transcultural adaptation and validation of familial satisfaction in the intensive care unit in Korea: preliminary study. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4796308 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Chang Y, Moon JY, Cho YJ, Lee SM, Jeon K, Kim SC, Kim YS, Chong YP, Kim YS, Hong SB. The current pathogens and treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia/ventilator-associated pneumonia in medical intensive care units. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4798512 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kwak WS, Kim YI, Lee SM, Lee YH, Choi DY. Effect of Feeding a Mixed Microbial Culture Fortified with Trace Minerals on the Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Late-fattening Hanwoo Steers: A Field Study. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:1592-8. [PMID: 26580283 PMCID: PMC4647099 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of feeding a trace minerals-fortified microbial culture (TMC) on the performance and carcass characteristics of late-fattening Hanwoo steers. A mixture of microbes (0.6% [v/w] of Enterobacter sp., Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., and Saccharomyces sp.) was cultured with 99% feedstuff for ensiling and 0.4% trace minerals (zinc, selenium, copper, and cobalt). Sixteen late-fattening steers (mean age, 21.8 months) were allocated to two diets: a control diet (concentrate mix and rice straw) and a treated diet (control diet+3.3% TMC). At a mean age of 31.1 months, all the steers were slaughtered. The addition of TMC to the diet did not affect the average daily weight gain of the late fattening steers, compared with that of control steers. Moreover, consuming the TMC-supplemented diet did not affect cold carcass weight, yield traits such as back fat thickness, longissimus muscle area, yield index or yield grade, or quality traits such as meat color, fat color, texture, maturity, marbling score, or quality grade. However, consumption of a TMC-supplemented diet increased the concentrations of zinc, selenium, and sulfur (p<0.05) in the longissimus muscle. With respect to amino acids, animals consuming TMC showed increased (p<0.05) concentrations of lysine, leucine, and valine among essential amino acids and a decreased (p<0.05) concentration of proline among non-essential amino acids. In conclusion, the consumption of a TMC-supplemented diet during the late-fattening period elevated the concentrations of certain trace minerals and essential amino acids in the longissimus muscle, without any deleterious effects on performance and other carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Kwak
- Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea
| | - Y I Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea
| | - S M Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea
| | - Y H Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea
| | - D Y Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea
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Park JK, Lee J, Kim K, Jo YH, Lee JH, Kim J, Lee SM, Song IA. Association of C-Reactive Protein and Outcome in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4797359 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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