1
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Ramspoth TF, Kootstra J, Harutyunyan SR. Unlocking the potential of metal ligand cooperation for enantioselective transformations. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3216-3223. [PMID: 38381077 PMCID: PMC10985679 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00998j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Metal-ligand cooperation, in which both the metal and the ligand of a transition metal complex actively participate in chemical transformations leading to enhanced reactivity or selectivity in chemical reactions, has emerged as a powerful and versatile concept in catalysis. This Viewpoint discusses the development trajectory of transition metal-based complexes as catalysts in (de)hydrogenative processes, in particular those cases where metal-ligand cooperation has been invoked to rationalise the observed high reactivities and excellent selectivities. The historical context, mechanistic aspects and current applications are discussed with the suggestion to explore the potential of the MLC mode of action of such catalysts in enantioselective transformations beyond (de)hydrogenative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tizian-Frank Ramspoth
- Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Institution Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Johanan Kootstra
- Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Institution Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Institution Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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2
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Ramspoth TF, Flapper J, van den Berg KJ, Feringa BL, Harutyunyan SR. A highly efficient and sustainable catalyst system for terminal epoxy-carboxylic acid ring opening reactions. Green Chem 2024; 26:3346-3355. [PMID: 38505506 PMCID: PMC10948088 DOI: 10.1039/d3gc04301k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The nucleophilic ring opening of epoxides by carboxylic acids is an indispensable transformation for materials science and coating technologies. Due to this industrial significance, improvements in operational energy consumption and catalyst sustainability are highly desirable for this transformation. Herein, an efficient, environmentally benign and non-toxic halide free cooperative catalyst system based on an iron(iii) benzoate complex and guanidinium carbonate is reported. The novel catalyst system shows improved activity over onium halide catalysts under neat conditions and in several solvents, including anisole and nBuOAc. Detailed mechanistic studies using FeCl3/DMAP as a catalyst revealed the importance of a carboxylate bridged cationic trinuclear μ3-oxo iron cluster and guanidinium carbonate or DMAP as a carboxylate reservoir due to its superior activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tizian-Frank Ramspoth
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Advanced Research Center Chemical Building Blocks Consortium (ARC CBBC), University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Jitte Flapper
- Department Resin Technology, AkzoNobel Car Refinishes BV 2171 AJ Sassenheim The Netherlands
| | - Keimpe J van den Berg
- Department Resin Technology, AkzoNobel Car Refinishes BV 2171 AJ Sassenheim The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Advanced Research Center Chemical Building Blocks Consortium (ARC CBBC), University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Advanced Research Center Chemical Building Blocks Consortium (ARC CBBC), University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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3
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Sinnema EG, Ramspoth TF, Bouma RH, Ge L, Harutyunyan SR. Enantioselective Hydrophosphination of Terminal Alkenyl Aza-Heteroarenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316785. [PMID: 38133954 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a Mn(I)-catalysed methodology for the enantioselective hydrophosphination of terminal alkenyl aza-heteroarenes. The catalyst operates through H-P bond activation, enabling successful hydrophosphination of a diverse range of alkenyl-heteroarenes with high enantioselectivity. The presented protocol addresses the inherently low reactivity and the commonly encountered suboptimal enantioselectivities of these challenging substrates. As an important application we show that this method facilitates the synthesis of a non-symmetric tridentate P,N,P-containing ligand like structure in just two synthetic steps using a single catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther G Sinnema
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tizian-Frank Ramspoth
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Reinder H Bouma
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luo Ge
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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4
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Ter Harmsel M, Maguire OR, Runikhina SA, Wong ASY, Huck WTS, Harutyunyan SR. A catalytically active oscillator made from small organic molecules. Nature 2023; 621:87-93. [PMID: 37673989 PMCID: PMC10482680 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Oscillatory systems regulate many biological processes, including key cellular functions such as metabolism and cell division, as well as larger-scale processes such as circadian rhythm and heartbeat1-4. Abiotic chemical oscillations, discovered originally in inorganic systems5,6, inspired the development of various synthetic oscillators for application as autonomous time-keeping systems in analytical chemistry, materials chemistry and the biomedical field7-17. Expanding their role beyond that of a pacemaker by having synthetic chemical oscillators periodically drive a secondary function would turn them into significantly more powerful tools. However, this is not trivial because the participation of components of the oscillator in the secondary function might jeopardize its time-keeping ability. We now report a small molecule oscillator that can catalyse an independent chemical reaction in situ without impairing its oscillating properties. In a flow system, the concentration of the catalytically active product of the oscillator shows sustained oscillations and the catalysed reaction is accelerated only during concentration peaks. Augmentation of synthetic oscillators with periodic catalytic action allows the construction of complex systems that, in the future, may benefit applications in automated synthesis, systems and polymerization chemistry and periodic drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthijs Ter Harmsel
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Oliver R Maguire
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sofiya A Runikhina
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Albert S Y Wong
- Department of Molecules and Materials, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Wilhelm T S Huck
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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5
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Postolache R, Pérez JM, Castiñeira Reis M, Ge L, Sinnema EG, Harutyunyan SR. Manganese(I)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrophosphination of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Derivatives. Org Lett 2023; 25:1611-1615. [PMID: 36892214 PMCID: PMC10028696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Here we report catalytic asymmetric hydrophosphination of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl derivatives using a chiral Mn(I) complex as a catalyst. Through H-P bond activation, various phosphine-containing chiral products can be accessed via hydrophosphination of various ketone-, ester-, and carboxamide-based Michael acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Postolache
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juana M Pérez
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Castiñeira Reis
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luo Ge
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther G Sinnema
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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6
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Somprasong S, Reis MC, Harutyunyan SR. Catalytic Access to Chiral δ-Lactams via Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Pyridine Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217328. [PMID: 36522289 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-bearing rings are common features in the molecular structures of modern drugs, with chiral δ-lactams being an important subclass due to their known pharmacological properties. Catalytic dearomatization of preactivated pyridinium ion derivatives emerged as a powerful method for the rapid construction of chiral N-heterocycles. However, direct catalytic dearomatization of simple pyridine derivatives are scarce and methodologies yielding chiral δ-lactams are yet to be developed. Herein, we describe an enantioselective C4-dearomatization of methoxypyridine derivatives for the preparation of functionalised enantioenriched δ-lactams using chiral copper catalysis. Experimental 13 C kinetic isotope effects and density functional theory calculations shed light on the reaction mechanism and the origin of enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siriphong Somprasong
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Castiñeira Reis
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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7
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Ge L, Sinnema EG, Pérez JM, Postolache R, Castiñeira Reis M, Harutyunyan SR. Enantio- and Z-selective synthesis of functionalized alkenes bearing tertiary allylic stereogenic center. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadf8742. [PMID: 36638168 PMCID: PMC9839328 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf8742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Olefins are ubiquitous in biologically active molecules and frequently used as building blocks in chemical transformations. However, although many strategies exist for the synthesis of stereodefined E-olefines, their thermodynamically less stable Z counterparts are substantially more demanding, while access to those bearing an allylic stereocenter with an adjacent reactive functionality remains unsolved altogether. Even the classic Wittig reaction, arguably the most versatile and widely used approach to construct Z-alkenes, falls short for the synthesis of these particularly challenging yet highly useful structural motives. Here, we report a general methodology for Z-selective synthesis of functionalized chiral alkenes that establishes readily available alkene-derived phosphines as an alternative to alkylating reagents in Wittig olefination, thus offering previously unidentified retrosynthetic disconnections for the formation of functionalized disubstituted alkenes. We demonstrate the potential of this method by structural diversification of several bioactive molecules.
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8
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Somprasong S, Castiñeira Reis M, Harutyunyan SR. Catalytic Access to Chiral Lactams via Nucleophilic Dearomatisations of Pyridine Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202217328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan
- University of Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Nijenborgh 4 9747AG Groningen NETHERLANDS
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9
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Boldrini C, Reis MC, Harutyunyan SR. Electrophilic Trapping of Semibenzenes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12772-12782. [PMID: 36095222 PMCID: PMC9552181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In this work, we
demonstrate how allylative dearomatization of
benzyl chlorides can provide direct access to a variety of semibenzenes.
These scaffolds behave as highly reactive nucleophiles in the presence
of carbocations. In addition, semibenzenes are susceptible to intramolecular
rearrangements rendering a broad scope of functionalized arenes. An
analysis of this new reactivity is reported, as well as the rationale
behind the observed intramolecular reorganizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Boldrini
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Castiñeira Reis
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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10
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Zurro M, Ge L, Harutyunyan SR. Catalytic Access to 4-(sec-Alkyl)Anilines via 1,6-Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to in Situ Generated aza- p-Quinone Methides. Org Lett 2022; 24:6686-6691. [PMID: 36053069 PMCID: PMC9486948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The synthesis of aniline derivatives, common building
blocks in
many pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, dyes or polymers, has been limited
to reactions based on benzene-toluene-xylene derivatives (BTX) due
to their ample availability. Despite the large number of existing
methodologies, the synthesis of chiral 4-(sec-alkyl)anilines has not
been accomplished so far. In this work, a tandem strategy based on
the generation of a reactive aza-p-quinone methide
(aza-p-QM) intermediate followed by Cu(I)-catalyzed
addition of Grignard reagents has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Zurro
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Institution Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luo Ge
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Institution Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Institution Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Abstract
Chiral bisphosphine ligands are of key importance in transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of optically active products. However, the transition metals typically used are scarce and expensive noble metals, while the synthetic routes to access chiral phosphine ligands are cumbersome and lengthy. To make homogeneous catalysis more sustainable, progress must be made on both fronts. Herein, we present the first catalytic asymmetric hydrophosphination of α,β-unsaturated phosphine oxides in the presence of a chiral complex of earth-abundant manganese(i). This catalytic system offers a short two-step, one-pot synthetic sequence to easily accessible and structurally tunable chiral 1,2-bisphosphines in high yields and enantiomeric excess. The resulting bidentate phosphine ligands were successfully used in asymmetric catalysis as part of earth-abundant metal based organometallic catalysts. Chiral bisphosphine ligands are of key importance in transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of optically active products. Mn(i)-catalyzed hydrophosphination offers a two-step, one-pot synthetic sequence to access chiral 1,2-bisphosphines.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Ge
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Institution Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Institution Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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12
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Maestro A, Lemaire S, Harutyunyan SR. Cu(I)-Catalyzed Alkynylation of Quinolones. Org Lett 2022; 24:1228-1231. [PMID: 35099185 PMCID: PMC8845045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Herein we report
the first alkynylation of quinolones with terminal
alkynes under mild reaction conditions. The reaction is catalyzed
by Cu(I) salts in the presence of a Lewis acid, which is essential
for the reactivity of the system. The enantioselective version of
this transformation has also been explored, and the methodology has
been applied in the synthesis of the enantioenriched tetrahydroquinoline
alkaloid cuspareine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Maestro
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen,The Netherlands
| | - Sebastien Lemaire
- Janssen Pharmaceutica, Chemical Process Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen,The Netherlands
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13
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Harutyunyan SR, Veenstra M. Organocatalyst based Cross-Catalytic System. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13895-13898. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05610k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present our design of a cross-catalytic system based on organocatalysis. The system features two organic reactions, namely a deprotection reaction of Fmoc protected proline and a Mannich reaction between...
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14
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Pérez JM, Postolache R, Castiñeira Reis M, Sinnema EG, Vargová D, de Vries F, Otten E, Ge L, Harutyunyan SR. Manganese(I)-Catalyzed H-P Bond Activation via Metal-Ligand Cooperation. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20071-20076. [PMID: 34797634 PMCID: PMC8662621 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Here we report that
chiral Mn(I) complexes are capable of H–P
bond activation. This activation mode enables a general method for
the hydrophosphination of internal and terminal α,β-unsaturated
nitriles. Metal−ligand cooperation, a strategy previously not
considered for catalytic H–P bond activation, is at the base
of the mechanistic action of the Mn(I)-based catalyst. Our computational
studies support a stepwise mechanism for the hydrophosphination and
provide insight into the origin of the enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juana M Pérez
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Roxana Postolache
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Castiñeira Reis
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther G Sinnema
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Denisa Vargová
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert de Vries
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luo Ge
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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15
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Abstract
Pd-catalyzed allylative dearomatisation of naphthyl halides is shown to be feasible by employing Grignard reagents. The high reactivity of the nucleophile allows for fast reactions and low catalyst loading, while a plethora of successfully substituted compounds illustrate the broad scope. Five membered heteroaromatic compounds are also demonstrated to be reactive under similar conditions. Dearomatisation of benzylic halides have been achieved using Grignard reagents resulting in good isolated yields in short reaction times.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Boldrini
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands.
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands.
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16
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Guo Y, Castiñeira Reis M, Kootstra J, Harutyunyan SR. Enantioselective Catalytic Dearomative Addition of Grignard Reagents to 4-Methoxypyridinium Ions. ACS Catal 2021; 11:8476-8483. [PMID: 34306813 PMCID: PMC8291581 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We describe a general
catalytic methodology for the enantioselective
dearomative alkylation of pyridine derivatives with Grignard reagents,
allowing direct access to nearly enantiopure chiral dihydro-4-pyridones
with yields up to 98%. The methodology involves dearomatization of
in situ-formed N-acylpyridinium salts, employing
alkyl organomagnesium reagents as nucleophiles and a chiral copper
(I) complex as the catalyst. Computational and mechanistic studies
provide insights into the origin of the reactivity and enantioselectivity
of the catalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Guo
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Castiñeira Reis
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Johanan Kootstra
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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17
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Ge L, Zurro M, Harutyunyan SR. Copper-Catalyzed Addition of Grignard Reagents to in situ Generated Indole-Derived Vinylogous Imines. Chemistry 2020; 26:16277-16280. [PMID: 32960461 PMCID: PMC7918645 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chiral indole derivatives are ubiquitous motifs in pharmaceuticals and alkaloids. Herein, the first protocol for catalytic asymmetric conjugate addition of Grignard reagents to various sulfonyl indoles, offering a straightforward approach for the synthesis of chiral 3‐sec‐alkyl‐substituted indoles in high yields and enantiomeric ratios is presented. This methodology makes use of a chiral catalyst based on copper phosphoramidite complexes and in situ formation of vinylogous imine intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Ge
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mercedes Zurro
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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18
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Kulish K, Boldrini C, Castiñeira Reis M, Pérez JM, Harutyunyan SR. Lewis Acid Promoted Dearomatization of Naphthols. Chemistry 2020; 26:15843-15846. [PMID: 32960476 PMCID: PMC7894535 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-step dearomative functionalization of naphthols promoted by Lewis acids and copper(I) catalysis was developed. Initially, Lewis acid complexation inverted the electronic properties of the ring and established an equilibrium with the dearomatized counterpart. Subsequent trapping of the dearomatized intermediate with organometallics as well as organophosphines was demonstrated and provided the corresponding dearomatized products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Kulish
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cosimo Boldrini
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Castiñeira Reis
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juana M Pérez
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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19
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Yan X, Ge L, Castiñeira Reis M, Harutyunyan SR. Nucleophilic Dearomatization of N-Heteroaromatics Enabled by Lewis Acids and Copper Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20247-20256. [PMID: 33171043 PMCID: PMC7707624 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dearomative functionalization of heteroaromatics, a readily available chemical feedstock, is one of the most straightforward approaches for the synthesis of three-dimensional, chiral heterocyclic systems, important synthetic building blocks for both synthetic chemistry and drug discovery. Despite significant efforts, direct nucleophilic additions to heteroaromatics have remained challenging because of the low reactivity of aromatic substrates associated with the loss of aromaticity, as well the regio- and stereoselectivities of the reaction. Here we present a catalytic system that leads to unprecedented, high-yielding dearomative C-4 functionalization of quinolines with organometallics with nearly absolute regio- and stereoselectivities and with a catalyst turnover number (TON) as high as 1000. The synergistic action of the chiral copper catalyst, Lewis acid, and Grignard reagents allows us to overcome the energetic barrier of the dearomatization process and leads to chiral products with selectivities reaching 99% in most cases. Molecular modeling provides important insights into the speciation and the origin of the regio- and enantioselectivity of the catalytic process. The results reveal that the role of the Lewis acid is not only to activate the substrate toward a potential nucleophilic addition but also to subtly control the regiochemistry by preventing the C-2 addition from happening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Castiñeira Reis
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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20
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Guo Y, Harutyunyan SR. Copper-catalysed alkylation of heterocyclic acceptors with organometallic reagents. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:1006-1021. [PMID: 32509032 PMCID: PMC7237809 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper-catalysed asymmetric C–C bond-forming reactions using organometallic reagents have developed into a powerful tool for the synthesis of complex molecules with single or multiple stereogenic centres over the past decades. Among the various acceptors employed in such reactions, those with a heterocyclic core are of particular importance because of the frequent occurrence of heterocyclic scaffolds in the structures of chiral natural products and bioactive molecules. Hence, this review focuses on the progress made over the past 20 years for heterocyclic acceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Guo
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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21
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Vargová D, Pérez JM, Harutyunyan SR, Šebesta R. Trapping of chiral enolates generated by Lewis acid promoted conjugate addition of Grignard reagents to unreactive Michael acceptors by various electrophiles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11766-11769. [PMID: 31513177 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05041h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we show trapping of chiral enolates with carbenium ions, Michael acceptors, and bromine. Silyl ketene aminals, disilyl acetals, and aza-enolates were obtained via Lewis acid mediated enantioselective conjugate addition of Grignard reagents to unsaturated amides, carboxylic acids and alkenyl heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Vargová
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia. and Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juana M Pérez
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Radovan Šebesta
- Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry, Mlynska dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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22
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Guo Y, Harutyunyan SR. Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Addition of Grignard Reagents to N-Heterocyclic Acceptors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12950-12954. [PMID: 31257687 PMCID: PMC6772156 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
General methods to prepare chiral N‐heterocyclic molecular scaffolds are greatly sought after because of their significance in medicinal chemistry. Described here is the first general catalytic methodology to access a wide variety of chiral 2‐ and 4‐substituted tetrahydro‐quinolones, dihydro‐4‐pyridones, and piperidones with excellent yields and enantioselectivities, utilizing a single catalyst system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Guo
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Guo
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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24
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Abstract
Conjugate addition of organometallics to carbonyl based Michael acceptors is a widely used method that allows the building of new carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds and the introduction of chirality in a single step. However, conjugate additions to the simplest Michael acceptors, namely unprotected, unsaturated carboxylic acids, are considered to be prohibited by the fact that acid-base reactions overpower any other type of reactivity, including nucleophilic addition. Here we describe a transient protecting group strategy that allows efficient catalytic asymmetric additions of organomagnesium reagents to unprotected α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids. This unorthodox pathway is achieved by preventing the formation of unreactive carboxylate salts by means of a reactive intermediate, allowing modifications of the carbon chain to proceed unhindered, while the stereochemistry is controlled with a chiral copper catalyst. A wide variety of β-chiral carboxylic acids, obtained with excellent enantioselectivities and yields, can be further transformed into valuable molecules through for instance catalytic decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Yan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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25
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Horváth A, Depré D, A Vermeulen WA, Wuyts SL, Harutyunyan SR, Binot G, Cuypers J, Couck W, Den Heuvel DV. Ring-Closing Metathesis on Commercial Scale: Synthesis of HCV Protease Inhibitor Simeprevir. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4932-4939. [PMID: 30721066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The key macrocyclization step in the synthesis of simeprevir, a hepatitis C virus (HCV) antiviral drug, was studied. N-Boc substitution on the diene precursor changes the site of insertion of the metathesis catalyst and, consequently, the kinetic model of the ring closing metathesis (RCM), enabling a further increase in the macrocyclization efficiency under simulated high dilution (SHD) conditions. NMR of the inserted species of both first and second generation RCM catalysts are reported and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Horváth
- Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. , 30 Turnhoutseweg , B-2340 Beerse , Belgium
| | - Dominique Depré
- Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. , 30 Turnhoutseweg , B-2340 Beerse , Belgium
| | - Wim A A Vermeulen
- Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. , 30 Turnhoutseweg , B-2340 Beerse , Belgium
| | - Stijn L Wuyts
- Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. , 30 Turnhoutseweg , B-2340 Beerse , Belgium
| | | | - Grégori Binot
- Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. , 30 Turnhoutseweg , B-2340 Beerse , Belgium
| | - Jef Cuypers
- Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. , 30 Turnhoutseweg , B-2340 Beerse , Belgium
| | - Wouter Couck
- Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. , 30 Turnhoutseweg , B-2340 Beerse , Belgium
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Guo
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Johanan Kootstra
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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27
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Guo Y, Kootstra J, Harutyunyan SR. Catalytic Regio- and Enantioselective Alkylation of Conjugated Dienyl Amides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13547-13550. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Guo
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Johanan Kootstra
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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28
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Xia Y, Koenis MAJ, Collados JF, Ortiz P, Harutyunyan SR, Visscher L, Buma WJ, Nicu VP. Regional Susceptibility in VCD Spectra to Dynamic Molecular Motions: The Case of a Benzyl α-Hydroxysilane. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:561-565. [PMID: 29244237 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical studies of the vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectrum of 3-methyl-1-(methyldiphenlsilyl)-1-phenylbutan-1-ol, whose absolute configuration is key to elucidating the Brook rearrangement of tertiary benzylic α-hydroxylsilanes, are presented. It is found that the entire OH-bending region in this spectrum-a region that provides important marker bands-cannot be reproduced at all by standard theoretical approaches even though other regions are well described. Using a novel approach to disentangle contributions to the rotational strength of these bands, internal coordinates are identified that critically influence the appearance of this part of the spectrum. We show that the agreement between experiment and theory is greatly improved when structural dynamics along these coordinates are explicitly taken into account. The general applicability of the approach underlines its usefulness for structurally flexible chiral systems, a situation that is more the rule rather than the exception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyin Xia
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A J Koenis
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Juan F Collados
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pablo Ortiz
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas Visscher
- Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling, Section Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wybren J Buma
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valentin P Nicu
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Food Industry and Environmental Protection, 7-9 Ioan Ratiu Street, 550012, Sibiu, Romania
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29
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Collados JF, Ortiz P, Pérez JM, Xia Y, Koenis MAJ, Buma WJ, Nicu VP, Harutyunyan SR. Enantiospecific Brook Rearrangement of Tertiary Benzylic α-Hydroxysilanes. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan F. Collados
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Pablo Ortiz
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Juana M. Pérez
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Yiyin Xia
- Van′t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Mark A. J. Koenis
- Van′t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Wybren J. Buma
- Van′t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Valentin P. Nicu
- Van′t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Food Industry and Environmental Protection; Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu; Ioan Ratiu Street 550012 Sibiu Romania
| | - Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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30
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Jumde RP, Lanza F, Pellegrini T, Harutyunyan SR. Highly enantioselective catalytic synthesis of chiral pyridines. Nat Commun 2017; 8:2058. [PMID: 29233959 PMCID: PMC5727103 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01966-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
General methods to prepare chiral pyridine derivatives are greatly sought after due to their significance in medicinal chemistry. Here, we report highly enantioselective catalytic transformations of poorly reactive β-substituted alkenyl pyridines to access a wide range of alkylated chiral pyridines. The simple methodology involves reactivity enhancement via Lewis acid (LA) activation, the use of readily available and highly reactive Grignard reagents, and a copper-chiral diphosphine ligand catalyst. Apart from allowing the introduction of different linear, branched, cyclic, and functionalised alkyl chains at the β-position of alkenyl pyridines, the catalytic system also shows high functional group tolerance. Chiral pyridines are valuable building blocks in medicinal chemistry applications. Here, the authors report the copper-catalysed Lewis acid-assisted asymmetric alkylation of β-substituted alkenyl pyridines with Grignard reagents affording chiral pyridines with excellent enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra P Jumde
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Lanza
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tilde Pellegrini
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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31
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Rodríguez-Fernández M, Yan X, Collados JF, White PB, Harutyunyan SR. Lewis Acid Enabled Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral β-Substituted Amides. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:14224-14231. [PMID: 28960071 PMCID: PMC5639465 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Here we report that readily available
silyl- and boron-based Lewis
acids in combination with chiral copper catalysts are able to overcome
the reactivity issues of unactivated enamides, known as the least
reactive carboxylic acid derivatives, toward alkylation with organomagnesium
reagents. Allowing unequaled chemo-reactivity and stereocontrol in
catalytic asymmetric conjugate addition to enamides, the method is
distinguished by its unprecedented reaction scope, allowing even the
most challenging and synthetically important methylations to be accomplished
with good yields and excellent enantioselectivities. This catalytic
protocol tolerates a broad temperature range (−78 °C to
ambient) and scale up (10 g), while the chiral catalyst can be reused
without affecting overall efficiency. Mechanistic studies revealed
the fate of the Lewis acid in each elementary step of the copper-catalyzed
conjugate addition of Grignard reagents to enamides, allowing us to
identify the most likely catalytic cycle of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamen Rodríguez-Fernández
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xingchen Yan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juan F Collados
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul B White
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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32
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Ortiz P, Collados JF, Jumde RP, Otten E, Harutyunyan SR. Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Alkylation of Enolizable Ketimines with Organomagnesium Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3041-3044. [PMID: 28156047 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Inexpensive and readily available organomagnesium reagents were used for the catalytic enantioselective alkylation of enolizable N-sulfonyl ketimines. The low reactivity and competing enolization of the ketimines was overcome by the use of a copper-phosphine chiral catalyst, which also rendered the transformation highly chemoselective and enantioselective for a broad range of ketimine substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ortiz
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juan F Collados
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ravindra P Jumde
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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33
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Ortiz P, Collados JF, Jumde RP, Otten E, Harutyunyan SR. Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Alkylation of Enolizable Ketimines with Organomagnesium Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ortiz
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Juan F. Collados
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ravindra P. Jumde
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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34
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Collados JF, Ortiz P, Harutyunyan SR. On the Configurational Stability and Reactivity of Tertiary Silyloxy Carbanions Derived from Stereoselective Brook Rearrangement. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan F. Collados
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Pablo Ortiz
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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35
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Jumde RP, Lanza F, Veenstra MJ, Harutyunyan SR. Catalytic asymmetric addition of Grignard reagents to alkenyl-substituted aromatic
N
-heterocycles. Science 2016; 352:433-7. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf1983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Lanza
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
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36
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Rong J, Pellegrini T, Harutyunyan SR, Šponer JE, Šponer J, Nováková O, Brabec V, Šedo O, Zdráhal Z, Costanzo G, Pino S, Saladino R, Di Mauro E, Kamalov M, Kaur H, Brimble MA, Papadimitriou SA, Salinas Y, Resmini M, Xie J, Xie Y, Sazonov PK, Beletskaya IP, Pfaffenbach M, Gaich T, Meninno S, Lattanzi A. Cover Picture: Synthesis of Chiral Tertiary Alcohols by CuI-Catalyzed Enantioselective Addition of Organomagnesium Reagents to Ketones / Emergence of the First Catalytic Oligonucleotides in a Formamide-Based Origin Scenario / Intermolecular Peptide Cross-. Chemistry 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Rong
- Stratingh Institute; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Tilde Pellegrini
- Stratingh Institute; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | | | - Judit E. Šponer
- Institute of Biophysics; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Královopolská 135 61265 Brno Czech Republic
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology; Masaryk University; Campus Bohunice, Kamenice 5 62500 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Šponer
- Institute of Biophysics; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Královopolská 135 61265 Brno Czech Republic
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology; Masaryk University; Campus Bohunice, Kamenice 5 62500 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Olga Nováková
- Institute of Biophysics; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Královopolská 135 61265 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Institute of Biophysics; Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Královopolská 135 61265 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Šedo
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology; Masaryk University; Campus Bohunice, Kamenice 5 62500 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Zdráhal
- CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology; Masaryk University; Campus Bohunice, Kamenice 5 62500 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Giovanna Costanzo
- Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari; CNR, P.le Aldo Moro, 5 Rome 00185 Italy
| | - Samanta Pino
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin”; “Sapienza” Università di Roma; Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5 Rome 00185 Italy
| | - Raffaele Saladino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche; Università della Tuscia; Via San Camillo De Lellis 01100 Viterbo Italy
| | - Ernesto Di Mauro
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin”; “Sapienza” Università di Roma; Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5 Rome 00185 Italy
| | - Meder Kamalov
- Institute of Biological Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; Währinger Straße 38 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Harveen Kaur
- School of Chemical Sciences; The University of Auckland; 23 Symonds St. Auckland 1142 New Zealand
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences; The University of Auckland; 23 Symonds St. Auckland 1142 New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences; The University of Auckland; 3 Symonds St. Auckland 1142 New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery; The University of Auckland; 3 Symonds St. Auckland 1142 New Zealand
| | - Sofia A. Papadimitriou
- Queen Mary University of London; Department of Chemistry, SBCS; Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Yolanda Salinas
- Queen Mary University of London; Department of Chemistry, SBCS; Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Marina Resmini
- Queen Mary University of London; Department of Chemistry, SBCS; Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Junfeng Xie
- College of Chemistry; Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes; Ministry of Education; Shandong Normal University; Jinan Shandong 250014 P. R. China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei; Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale; Department of Chemistry; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei; Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Petr K. Sazonov
- Chemistry Department; Moscow State University; Leninskie Gory, 1 119992 Moscow Russia
| | - Irina P. Beletskaya
- Chemistry Department; Moscow State University; Leninskie Gory, 1 119992 Moscow Russia
| | - Magnus Pfaffenbach
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Leibniz University of Hannover; Schneiderberg 1b 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Tanja Gaich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Leibniz University of Hannover; Schneiderberg 1b 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Sara Meninno
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 84084 Fisciano Italy
| | - Alessandra Lattanzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 84084 Fisciano Italy
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Collados JF, Solà R, Harutyunyan SR, Maciá B. Catalytic Synthesis of Enantiopure Chiral Alcohols via Addition of Grignard Reagents to Carbonyl Compounds. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b02832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan F. Collados
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ricard Solà
- Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Oxford Road, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
| | - Syuzanna R. Harutyunyan
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Beatriz Maciá
- Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, John Dalton Building, Oxford Road, M1 5GD Manchester, U.K
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38
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Pablo Ortiz, Collados JF, Harutyunyan SR. Direct Synthesis of EnolizableN-Sulfonyl Ketimines Under Microwave Irradiation. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Rong J, Pellegrini T, Harutyunyan SR. Synthesis of Chiral Tertiary Alcohols by CuI-Catalyzed Enantioselective Addition of Organomagnesium Reagents to Ketones. Chemistry 2015; 22:3558-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Rong
- Stratingh Institute; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Tilde Pellegrini
- Stratingh Institute; University of Groningen; Nijenborgh 4 9747AG Groningen The Netherlands
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Desmarchelier A, Ortiz P, Harutyunyan SR. Tertiary α-diarylmethylamines derived from diarylketimines and organomagnesium reagents. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:703-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06719c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organomagnesium reagents enable swift and versatile derivatisation of diarylimines to the corresponding α-substituted diarylmethylamines in excellent yields, through fast and clean reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaric Desmarchelier
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Pablo Ortiz
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen
- The Netherlands
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Rong J, Oost R, Desmarchelier A, Minnaard AJ, Harutyunyan SR. Catalytic Asymmetric Alkylation of Acylsilanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:3038-42. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Based on the asymmetric copper-catalyzed 1,2-addition of Grignard reagents to ketones, (R,R,R)-γ-tocopherol has been synthesized in 36 % yield over 12 steps (longest linear sequence). The chiral center in the chroman ring was constructed with 73 % ee by the 1,2-addition of a phytol-derived Grignard reagent to an α-bromo enone prepared from 2,3-dimethylquinone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtao Wu
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen (The Netherlands)
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45
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Harutyunyan SR. PROFILE: Early Excellence in Physical Organic Chemistry. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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46
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Calvo BC, Madduri AVR, Harutyunyan SR, Minnaard AJ. Copper-Catalysed Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents to 2-Methylcyclopentenone and Sequential Enolate Alkylation. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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47
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Abstract
Synthetic strategies are one of the most critical factors for the success of a synthetic campaign, but most importantly they are crucial for the economy and the efficiency of the sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rizzo
- University of Groningen
- Stratingh Institute
- Groningen, Netherlands
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Caprioli F, Madduri AVR, Minnaard AJ, Harutyunyan SR. Asymmetric amplification in the catalytic enantioselective 1,2-addition of Grignard reagents to enones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:5450-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41892h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Madduri AVR, Harutyunyan SR, Minnaard AJ. Catalytic asymmetric alkylation of ketones using organometallic reagents. Drug Discov Today Technol 2013; 10:e21-e27. [PMID: 24050226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of tertiary alcohols by the addition of organometallic reagents to ketones is of central importance in organic chemistry. The resulting quaternary stereocentres are difficult to prepare selectively by other means despite their widespread occurrence in natural products and pharmaceuticals. Over the past few years, several seminal reports on the formation of chiral tertiary alcohols with excellent selectivities have appeared in the literature. This review records the major strategies and current status of the catalytic enantioselective synthesis of chiral tertiary alcohols using alkylation/ arylation reactions with highly reactive organometallic reagents derived from Zn, Al, Mg and Li.
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