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Muhammad T, Srivastava S, Muneera K, Kumar M, Kelekar U. Treatment for Insomnia Symptoms is Associated with Reduced Depression Among Older Adults: A Propensity Score Matching Approach. Clin Gerontol 2024; 47:436-451. [PMID: 37153958 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2023.2208582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to investigate the effect of utilization of treatment for insomnia symptoms on the prevalence of major depressive disorder among older adults in India. METHODS We used the data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), 2017-18. The sample included 10,911 older individuals who reported insomnia symptoms. The propensity score matching (PSM) approach was used to compare the depressive disorder among those who received vs. not received treatment. RESULTS Only 5.7% of older adults reporting insomnia symptoms received treatment. On average, prevalence of depressive disorder among men and women who received treatment for insomnia symptoms was lesser by 0.79 and 0.33 points, respectively, than those who did not receive treatment. In the matched sample, treatment for insomnia symptoms was significantly associated with lesser prevalence of depression for both older men (β= -0.68, p < .001) and older women (β= -0.62, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS The current findings suggest that treatment for insomnia symptoms can reduce the risk of depressive disorder among older adults and the effects are higher among older men than women.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Shobhit Srivastava
- Department of Survey Research & Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - K Muneera
- School of Management Studies, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Population Research Centre, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Uma Kelekar
- School of Business, College of Business, Innovation, Leadership and Technology
- Marymount Center for Optimal Aging, Marymount University, Arlington-VA, USA
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Qaisar R, Karim A, Muhammad T, Iqbal MS, Ahmad F. Metformin Improves Sarcopenia-Related Quality of Life in Geriatric Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:102998. [PMID: 38615625 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.102998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metformin protects against age-related muscle decline, termed sarcopenia. However, the effects on sarcopenia quality-of-life (SarQoL) are unknown. We investigated the effects of metformin on SarQoL and associated mechanisms in older adults. METHOD This double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled trial included geriatric adult men, divided into non-sarcopenic controls (age = 72.2 ± 4.3 years, n = 52) and two groups of patients with sarcopenia randomized into placebo (age at baseline = 74.4 ± 5.7 years, n = 54) and metformin (age at baseline = 71.2 ± 3.9 years, n = 47) groups. Patients in the metformin group received 1.7 grams twice daily for four months. We evaluated SarQoL, handgrip strength (HGS), plasma zonulin, c-reactive protein (CRP), and 8-isoprostanes. RESULTS Patients with sarcopenia had lower HGS and SarQoL than controls (both p <0.05). Metformin improved the HGS and the SarQoL domains related to physical and mental health, locomotion, and leisure activities, as well as cumulative SarQoL scores (all p <0.05). Metformin also prevented the decline in the SarQoL domains for functionality and fear. Among plasma biomarkers, metformin reduced the levels of zonulin, CRP, 8-isoprostanes, and creatine kinase. We also found a significant correlation of plasma zonulin with cumulative SarQoL in patients with sarcopenia taking metformin, suggesting a role for intestinal repair in improving SarQoL. Finally, metformin did not affect body composition and gait speed. CONCLUSION Overall, metformin improved HGS and SarQoL by repairing intestinal leakage. Our data have clinical relevance for improving the quality of life in older adults with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Qaisar
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Space Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Asima Karim
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Iron Biology Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Gomal Medical College, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - M Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Firdos Ahmad
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Space Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Muhammad T, Pai M, Anil Kumar AHS, Lekshmi PR, Sekher TV. Associations between neighbourhood safety, social cohesion, sleep quality and sleep duration among older adults in India: Findings from the Study on Global Aging and Adult Health (WHO-SAGE), 2015. Psychogeriatrics 2024. [PMID: 38576075 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies on later-life health in India focus on families, with far less attention given to the health repercussions of neighbourhood conditions among older Indians. We address this limitation in existing research by examining the associations between perceptions of neighbourhood safety and social cohesion and sleep duration and sleep quality among older adults in India. METHODS Data come from the Study on Global Aging and Adult Health (WHO-SAGE), India 2015 wave 2, with a sample of 7118 adults aged 50 years and above. Sleep quality and duration were assessed using subjective responses. Multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses were employed to test the research hypotheses. RESULTS Prevalence of poor sleep quality was higher among older adults living in unsafe neighbourhoods (4.46%) than peers residing in safe neighbourhoods (3.52%), and it was also higher among those living in neighbourhoods with poor social cohesion (5.31%) than counterparts who lived in socially cohesive communities (3.10%). Older adults in neighbourhoods with poor social cohesion had higher odds of reporting compromised sleep quality (adjusted odds ratio 1.75, CI: 1.22-2.51) than those living in socially cohesive neighbourhoods. Moreover, compared to those who perceived they were living in safe neighbourhoods, their peers who perceived their neighbourhoods as unsafe reported shorter sleep duration, with a negative beta coefficient of -0.27 (CI: -0.45 to -0.085). CONCLUSION That perceived unsafety and poor social cohesion within one's neighbourhood are associated with compromised sleep reflects the significance of making neighbourhoods safer and more integrated for later-life sleep health. In addition to micro-level strategies (e.g., balanced nutrition and physical activity), efforts to improve sleep health should optimise macro-level opportunities, such as rehabilitating and revitalising neighbourhoods, which may alleviate sleep disturbances and improve sleep outcomes among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Muhammad
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Manacy Pai
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, Kent State University Kent, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | | | - P R Lekshmi
- WHO-SAGE Project, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - T V Sekher
- Department of Family and Generations, WHO-SAGE Project, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
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Qaisar R, Khan IM, Karim A, Muhammad T, Ahmad F. Lipid-Lowering Medications are Associated with Reduced Sarcopenia-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with Hyperlipidemia. Drugs Aging 2024:10.1007/s40266-024-01111-2. [PMID: 38564165 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-024-01111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Statins medications negatively affect age-associated loss of muscle mass and strength, termed sarcopenia, and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) integrity. However, their association with the sarcopenia-related-quality-of-life (SarQoL) is unknown. METHODS In this cross-sectional, case control study, we recruited male nonusers (n = 75 and age 75.2 ± 5.9 years) and users (n = 77 and age 77.1 ± 6.2 years) of statins to evaluate SarQoL and handgrip strength (HGS). We also measured plasma C-terminal agrin fragment-22 (CAF22) as a marker of NMJ degradation. RESULTS Statin users had higher CAF22, and lower HGS, and cumulative SarQoL scores than non-users (all p < 0.05). Plasma CAF22 exhibited negative correlations with SarQoL scores for physical and mental health, locomotion, functionality, activities-of-daily-living, and cumulative SarQoL in statins users and non-users (all p < 0.05). Lastly, the cumulative SarQoL scores exhibited positive associations with HGS and gait speed in the study participants (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Collectively, statin usage was associated with NMJ degradation and reduced SarQoL. Statins should be cautiously prescribed in patients with sarcopenia with reduced QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Qaisar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, M27-122, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
- Space Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Imran M Khan
- Burn and Plastic Surgery Center, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Asima Karim
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, M27-122, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Iron Biology Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Gomal Medical College, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Firdos Ahmad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, M27-122, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Space Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Thomas AR, Muhammad T, Sahu SK, Dash U. Examining the factors contributing to a reduction in hardship financing among inpatient households in India. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7164. [PMID: 38532118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In India, the rising double burden of diseases and the low fiscal capacity of the government forces people to resort to hardship financing. This study aimed to examine the factors contributing to the reduction in hardship financing among inpatient households in India. The study relies on two rounds of National Sample Surveys with a sample of 34,478 households from the 71st round (2014) and 56,681 households from the 75th round (2018). We employed multivariable logistic regression and multivariate decomposition analyses to explore the factors associated with hardship financing in Indian households with hospitalized member(s) and assess the contributing factors to the reduction in hardship financing between 2014 and 2018. Notably, though hardship financing for inpatient households has decreased between 2014 and 2018, households with catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) had higher odds of hardship financing than those without CHE. While factors such as CHE, prolonged hospitalization, and private hospitals had impoverishing effects on hardship financing in 2014 and 2018, the decomposition model showed the potential of CHE (32%), length of hospitalization (32%), and private hospitals (24%) to slow down this negative impact over time. The findings showed the potential for further improvements in financial health protection for inpatient care over time, and underscore the need for continuing efforts to strengthen the implementation of public programs and schemes in India such as Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Rachel Thomas
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600036, India.
| | - T Muhammad
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Sahu
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600036, India
| | - Umakant Dash
- Institute of Rural Management Anand (IRMA), Near NDDB, PO Box-60, Anand, Gujarat, 388001, India
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Liu Z, Xiao Y, Muhammad T, Zhou Y, Hou P, Zha Y, Yu R, Qu S, Ma C, Li Y. Combination of magnetic field and ultraviolet for fouling control in saline wastewater distribution systems. Water Res 2024; 251:121118. [PMID: 38219689 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Fouling is a significant challenge for recycling and reusing saline wastewaters for industrial, agricultural or municipal applications. In this study, we propose a novel approach of magnetic field (MaF) and ultraviolet (UV) combined application for fouling mitigation. Results showed, combination of MaF and UV (MaF-UV) significantly decreased the content of biofouling and reduced the complexity of microbial networks, compared to UV and MaF alone treatments. This was due to MaF as pretreatment effectively reduced the water turbidity, improve the influent water quality of UV disinfection and increases UV transmittance, eliminating the adverse impacts of UV scattering and shielding, hence increased the inactivation effectiveness of UV disinfection process. MaF assisted UV also reduced the abundance of UV-resistant bacteria and inhibited the risk of bacterial photoreactivation and dark repair. Meanwhile, MaF-UV drastically reduced the contents of precipitates and particulate fouling by accelerating the transformation rate of CaCO3 crystal from compact calcite to loosen hydrated amorphous CaCO3, and enhancing the flocculation process. These findings demonstrated that MaF-UV is an effective anti-fouling strategy, and provide insights for sustainable application of saline wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Liu
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-Saving and Water Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Mongolian Plateau Ecology and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-Saving and Water Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhou
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-Saving and Water Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Peng Hou
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-Saving and Water Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yingdong Zha
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-Saving and Water Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruihong Yu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Mongolian Plateau Ecology and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Shen Qu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China; Key Laboratory of Mongolian Plateau Ecology and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Changjian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality (Jinan), Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yunkai Li
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-Saving and Water Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China.
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Muhammad T, Jiang C, Liu Z, Manan I, Xiao Y, Li Y. Using organic fertilizer to mitigate organic-inorganic fouling in agricultural saline wastewater irrigation systems. Chemosphere 2024; 352:141373. [PMID: 38340996 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Recycling saline wastewater for agricultural irrigation offer a promising solution to address both water scarcity and anthropogenic pollution. However, organic-inorganic fouling in saline wastewater irrigation systems (SWIS) poses significant technical and economic challenges. Traditional chemical biocides are currently insufficient for controlling composite organic-inorganic fouling and may pose environmental hazards. This study proposed a greener approach using organic acid (OA) fertilizers to alleviate organic-inorganic fouling in agricultural SWIS. The treatment performances were assessed employing four types of OA fertilizers (i.e., humic acid, alginic acid, nucleotide, and ammonia acid) and a negative control. Results showed that three types of OA, i.e., alginic acid, nucleotide, and ammonia acid, effectively reduced the total SWIS fouling content by 11.2%-57.4%, whereas humic acid exacerbated fouling by 11.2%-57.4%. Specifically, all types of OA significantly mitigated the content of inorganic fouling (precipitates and silicates) by 10.7%-42.3% by forming loosed and sparser structures. However, OA exhibited minimum effects on controlling silica fouling. Meanwhile, except the humic acid, other types of OA decreased the total content of organic fouling by 17.2%-39.5% by reducing the content of humic substances and building block fractions. In addition, the significant binary interactions of organic-inorganic fouling indicated the active role of calcium silica and biomineralization fouling. These findings provide insight into the development of appropriate and eco-friendly antifouling strategies for SWIS, with implications for recycling and reusing saline wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Muhammad
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Cuiling Jiang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Zeyuan Liu
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Irum Manan
- Department of Botany, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Quetta, 87300, Pakistan
| | - Yang Xiao
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-Saving and Water Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yunkai Li
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-Saving and Water Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
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Ahmed W, Muhammad T, Irshad CV. Interaction between depressive symptoms and obesity-related anthropometric measures on multimorbidity among community-dwelling older adults: evidence from India. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:402. [PMID: 38326765 PMCID: PMC10851490 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17894-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the associations between depressive symptoms, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-hip ratio and multimorbidity among community-dwelling older adults. We also examine the interaction effects between depressive symptoms, BMI, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio on multimorbidity among older adults in India. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted, and the data were obtained from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-1, with a sample of 31,464 older adults aged 60 years and above (men-15,098 and women-16,366). We used multinomial logistic regression to explore the independent associations between depressive symptoms, obesity-measures, and single and multimorbidity. We also estimated the interaction effects of depressive symptoms and obesity-measures on multimorbidity. RESULTS The prevalence of multimorbidity was higher among individuals with depressive symptoms (39.22%) than individuals with no depressive symptoms (29.94%). Adjusted models indicated that older adults with depressive symptoms had higher odds of single and multimorbidity [(AOR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.17-1.68) and (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.58-2.16), respectively]. Similarly, in comparison to the normal BMI category, overweight and obese older adults were more likely to report single morbidity [(AOR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.37-1.92 and (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.67-2.75), respectively] and multimorbidity [(AOR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.72-2.33) and (AOR = 3.77, 95% CI: 2.94-4.82), respectively]. CONCLUSION The findings revealed that the presence of depressive symptoms, overweight or obesity, and high-risk anthropometric measures such as high-risk waist circumference and high-risk waist to hip ratio significantly increased the risk of morbidity among older adults in India. Thus, it is suggested to adopt an integrated public health policy approach to control depressive symptoms and high-risk body composition to strategically prepare against the elevated risk of multimorbidity among ageing populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waquar Ahmed
- Department of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - T Muhammad
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA.
| | - C V Irshad
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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Muhammad T, Jiang C, Li Y, Manan I, Ma C, Geng H, Fatima I, Adnan M. Impacts and mechanism of coal fly ash on kitchen waste composting performance: The perspective of microbial community. Chemosphere 2024; 350:141068. [PMID: 38160955 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Aerobic composting is eco-friendly and sustainable practice for kitchen waste (KW) disposal to restore soil fertility and reduce environmental risks. However, KW compact structure, perishable nature, acidification by anaerobic acidogens, inhibits the metabolism of aerobic microbes, insufficient breakdown of organic matters, and prolong the composting duration. This study, co-composted coal fly ash (FA), to regulate bacterial dynamics, co-occurrence patterns and nutrients transformation in KW composting. Our results indicated, FA created suitable environment by increasing pH and temperature, which facilitated the proliferation and reshaping of microbial community. FA fostered the relative abundances of phlya (Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Actinobacteriota) and genera (Bacillus, Paenibacillus and Lysinibacillus), which promoted the nutrients transformation (phosphorus and nitrogen) in KW compost. FA enhanced the mutualistic correlations between bacterial communities, promoted the network complexity (nodes & edges) and contains more positive connections, which reflect the FA amendment effects. KW mature compost seed germination index reached >85% of FA treatment, indicated the final products fully met the Chinese national standard for organic fertilizer. These findings might provide opportunity to advance the KW composting and collaborative management of multiple waste to curb the current environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Muhammad
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Cuiling Jiang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Yunkai Li
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Irum Manan
- Department of Botany, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, Quetta 87300, Pakistan.
| | - Changjian Ma
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China.
| | - Hui Geng
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Iza Fatima
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA.
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- College of Environment Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
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Qaisar R, Iqbal MS, Karim A, Muhammad T, Ahmad F. A leaky gut contributes to reduced sarcopenia-related quality of life (SarQoL) in geriatric older adults. Qual Life Res 2024; 33:551-559. [PMID: 37930557 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03547-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The sarcopenia quality-of-life (SarQoL) questionnaire is designed to evaluate the quality of life of sarcopenic patients. A pathological increase in intestinal permeability leads to several systemic diseases, but its contribution to SarQoL is unknown. METHODS We recruited controls (n = 84, age = 74.6 ± 4.9 years) and sarcopenic (n = 55, age = 76.1 ± 4.2 years) men for validating and adapting a Pashto version of SarQoL. We measured the scores for seven domains of SarQoL, body composition, and handgrip strength (HGS). We also measured plasma zonulin as a marker of increased intestinal permeability. RESULTS The Pashto SarQoL exhibited adequate discriminative ability, construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability, without exhibiting the floor and ceiling effect. Sarcopenic patients had higher plasma zonulin and lower scores on SarQoL domains for physical and mental health, locomotion, body composition, functionality, activities of daily living, leisure, and fear, and cumulative SarQoL scores than controls. Plasma zonulin exhibited significant coefficients of determination with Pashto SarQoL domains for locomotion (r2 = 0.217), functionality (r2 = 0.101), activities of daily living (r2 = 0.302), and cumulative SarQoL scores (r2 = 0.168). We also found high efficacies of zonulin in diagnosing low scores for functionality (AUC = 0.785, 95% C.I = 0.708-0.863), activities of daily living (AUC = 0.785, 95% C.I = 0.708-0.863), and cumulative SarQoL scores (AUC = 0.821, 95% C.I = 0.751-0.891). CONCLUSION Altogether, SarQoL appears reliable in measuring the quality of life in sarcopenic patients. A leaky gut has a potential contribution to reduced SarQoL in sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Qaisar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
- Space Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - M Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, 25124, Pakistan
| | - Asima Karim
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Gomal Medical College, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Firdos Ahmad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Space Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Saha A, Muhammad T, Mandal B, Govil D, Ali W. Moderating role of functional/ mobility limitations in the association between sleep problems and hypertension among middle-aged and older adults in India. Prev Med Rep 2024; 38:102589. [PMID: 38283958 PMCID: PMC10820285 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension has become a global health concern and is recognized as an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). There are very limited studies in India and worldwide focused on sleep problems, activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental ADL (IADL) and mobility limitations, and their discrete and combined effects on hypertension. Therefore, this study examined whether sleep problems are associated with hypertension, and whether the association is more pronounced among middle-aged and older adults with functional/mobility limitations. This study used data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave 1, 2017-18, with a total sample of 59,951 adults aged 45 years and above. Log-binomial regression, and interaction terms were used to assess the relationship between sleep problems and hypertension, and the moderating effect of functional/mobility limitations. Respondents with sleep problems had a 29 % higher prevalence of hypertension [PR (prevalence ratio): 1.29; CI (confidence interval): 1.20-1.39]. Those with ADL and IADL limitations had 20 % [PR: 1.20; CI: 1.09-1.32] and 9 % [PR: 1.09; CI: 1.00-1.18] greater prevalence of hypertension. Interaction analysis revealed that individuals with ADL, IADL, and mobility limitations had 58 %, 52 %, and 45 % higher prevalence of hypertension, respectively, and was especially pronounced among women. Our findings highlight that improved sleep can reduce the prevalence of hypertension in middle-aged and older adults. Individuals with functional/mobility limitations may need additional care and support from their family members or the community, which could lower the prevalence of elevated blood pressure due to their sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amiya Saha
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai 400088, India
| | - T. Muhammad
- Postdoctoral Scholar, Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, PA 16802, USA
| | - Bittu Mandal
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore 453552, India
| | - Dipti Govil
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai 400088, India
| | - Waad Ali
- Department of Geography, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
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Qaisar R, Karim A, Muhammad T, Ahmad F. Butyrate supplementation reduces sarcopenia by repairing neuromuscular junction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med 2024; 222:107510. [PMID: 38135194 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with an intestinal leak and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) degradation, which contributes to physical compromise and accelerated age-related muscle loss, called sarcopenia. However, the relevant interventions partly remain ineffective. We investigated the effects of exogenous butyrate on sarcopenia and physical capacity with relevance to intestinal permeability and NMJ integrity in COPD patients. METHODS COPD patients were randomized into placebo (n = 67) and butyrate (n = 64) groups in a double-blind manner. The patients in the butyrate group received one 300 mg capsule a day for 12 weeks. We measured circulating markers of intestinal leak (zonulin), systemic bacterial load (LBP), and NMJ loss (CAF22), along with handgrip strength (HGS), and short physical performance battery (SPPB) at baseline and 12 weeks. RESULTS Butyrate supplementation improved HGS and gait speed in COPD patients. Among SPPB indices, butyrate improved the ability to maintain postural balance and walking and prevented a decline in the ability to rise from a chair. Butyrate also reduced the plasma levels of zonulin, LBP, and CAF22 levels in COPD patients (all p < 0.05). Regression analysis revealed significant associations of plasma zonulin and CAF22 with HGS, gait speed, and cumulative SPPB scores in butyrate group. These changes were associated with reduced markers of inflammation and muscle damage. CONCLUSION Butyrate may provide a therapeutic approach to sarcopenia and physical dependency in COPD by repairing intestinal leak and NMJ loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Qaisar
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; Space Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Asima Karim
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Gomal Medical College, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, 30130, Pakistan
| | - Firdos Ahmad
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; Space Medicine Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Rahaman M, Roy A, Chouhan P, Kapasia N, Muhammad T. Factors associated with public and private healthcare utilization for outpatient care among older adults in India: A Wagstaff's decomposition of Anderson's behavioural model. Int J Health Plann Manage 2024. [PMID: 38269594 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In India, an expanding ageing population will become a public health alarm, putting additional pressure on the healthcare system. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the factors associated with outpatient healthcare choices among older Indian adults. We used data from the first wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI, 2017-2018). A total of 34,588 individuals (age 45 years and over) who accessed outpatient healthcare services in the last 12 months during the survey were included in this research. A bivariate chi-square test was used to present the percentage distribution of types of outpatient healthcare utilisation by background characteristics. Multinomial logistic regression and Wagstaff's decomposition analyses were employed to explore the interplay of outpatient healthcare utilisation and allied predisposing, enabling, and need factors and examine these factors' contributions to the wealth-based inequalities in public, private, and other healthcare utilisation. Outpatient healthcare utilisation varied significantly according to socioeconomic and demographic factors. The findings suggest that consumption quintiles, place of residence, education, and health insurance were significant determinants of private and public healthcare utilisation and contributed to wealth-based inequalities in healthcare choices. The current study emphasises the need to strengthen and promote public healthcare services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margubur Rahaman
- Department of Migration & Urban Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, India
| | - Avijit Roy
- Department of Geography, Malda College, Malda, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradip Chouhan
- Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda, West Bengal, India
| | | | - T Muhammad
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, USA
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Saha A, Mandal B, Muhammad T, Ali W. Decomposing the rural-urban differences in depression among multimorbid older patients in India: evidence from a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:60. [PMID: 38254089 PMCID: PMC10804604 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In India, the prevalence of depression among older adults dealing with multiple health conditions varies between rural and urban areas due to disparities in healthcare access and cultural factors. The distinct patterns observed underscore the necessity for tailored research and interventions to address mental health inequalities among multimorbid older patients in diverse geographic contexts. METHODS This study used data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave 1 (2017-18). A total of 7,608 adults aged ≥ 60 years who were diagnosed with two or more chronic conditions (such as hypertension, diabetes, cancer, chronic lung disease, chronic heart diseases, stroke, bone/joint disease, any neurological or psychiatric diseases, and high cholesterol) were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, logistic regression estimates, and Fairlie decomposition method were used to accomplish the study's objectives. RESULTS The prevalence of depression among older adults with multimorbidity was 9.48% higher in rural areas (38.33%) than in urban areas (28.85%).. Older adults with multimorbidity belonging to the scheduled caste group were 40% more likely to experience depression. Moreover, those with multimorbidity and any form of disability in activities of daily living (ADL) were 93% more likely to experience depression than those without disability, whereas those with multimorbidity and perceived good general health were 65% less likely to suffer from depression than those with poor self-perceived health. Additionally, decomposition analysis revealed that education (35.99%), caste status (10.30%), IADL disability (19.30%), and perceived discrimination (24.25%) were the primary factors contributing to the differences in depression prevalence among older adults with multimorbidity between rural and urban areas. CONCLUSIONS We found significant rural-urban differences in depression among older Indians with multimorbidity. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions that address the unique challenges faced by older patients in rural areas, including lack of social capital, discrimination, and limited resources that enable access to healthcare services. Policymakers and healthcare professionals must collaboratively design and implement effective strategies to improve the mental health and overall well-being of rural older adults, particularly those with multiple comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amiya Saha
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India.
| | - Bittu Mandal
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, 453552, India
| | - T Muhammad
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University park, 16802, USA
| | - Waad Ali
- Department of Geography, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, 123, Oman
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Pai M, Muhammad T. Examining factors contributing to the socioeconomic inequalities in handgrip strength among older adults in India: a decomposition analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:442. [PMID: 38172263 PMCID: PMC10764745 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50613-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine (a) the socioeconomic status (SES)-related inequalities associated with handgrip strength (HGS); and (b) the extent to which several demographic, health, and behavioral factors contributed to such SES disparities in HGS among older adults in India. Data were drawn from the 2017-2018 wave 1 of the Longitudinal Ageing Study of India (LASI). The study sample included 27,707 older adults (13,199 men and 14,508 women) aged 60 years and older. HGS was assessed using a handheld Smedley's Hand Dynamometer with a cut-off of 19.5 kg for men and 12.5 kg for women. Bivariate analysis showed the weighted percentage distribution of weak HGS across respondent characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression assessed factors linked to weak HGS. The concentration curve and index (CCI) was used to determine the inequalities in the prevalence of weak HGS by wealth index scores. Wagstaff's decomposition approach was used to test the contribution of each explanatory variable to weak HGS. Around 9% of older adults in this study reported a weak HGS. It was significantly higher among those aged 80 or older (19.21%) and males (15.55%). Weak HGS was concentrated among older adults from poor SES (CCI: 0.05, p < 0.001). A higher percentage of wealth-based inequality in weak HGS was explained by being underweight (38.83%), belonging to the richest wealth quintile (27.95%), and having a higher subjective social status (32.20%). Moreover, about 23.29% of the inequality in weak HGS was explained by Western region and 22.54% by female gender. Additionally, having a secondary level of education explained a higher percentage (22.09%) of inequality, followed by current working status (- 20.68%). Rural residence (13.08%), limitations in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) (12.21%), and engagement in yoga-related activities (11.55%) explained a higher percentage of wealth-based inequalities. The findings provide evidence of significant SES-related inequalities in HGS and the contribution of various demographic, health, and behavioral factors to such inequality. As such, public health policies and programs focusing on reducing the burden of disability must consider the contribution of social and economic equity to the preservation of muscle strength among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manacy Pai
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - T Muhammad
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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Saravanakumar P, Muhammad T, Paul R, Srivastava S. Explaining the Urban-Rural Difference in Late-Life Depression in India: Evidence from a Multivariate Decomposition Analysis Based on Longitudinal Aging Study in India, Wave 2017-18. Clin Gerontol 2024; 47:270-287. [PMID: 37700396 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2023.2257179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study explored the associated factors of depression among older Indian adults and the influences of individual and socio-environmental factors in explaining the rural-urban difference in the prevalence of late-life depression. METHODS Data come from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India, with a sample of 30,637 older adults aged 60 and above. Multivariable logistic regression and nonlinear multivariate decomposition analyses were conducted to fulfill the objectives. RESULTS About 6.2% older adults in urban areas and 9.5% in rural areas were depressed. Older adults in rural areas had significantly higher likelihood to be depressed than those in urban areas. Poor self-rated health, multiple chronic conditions, functional difficulty, low life satisfaction, social inactivity, low satisfaction with living arrangement, ill-treatment and being widowed increased the risk of depression. Additionally, work status similar to urban older adults, physical activity, living arrangement satisfaction, self-rated health and ill-treatment would decrease the urban-rural difference in depression. CONCLUSIONS The study showed significant rural-urban difference in late-life depression, with a rural disadvantage. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The findings suggest the need for identifying at-risk populations and developing a framework of targeted policy interventions for mitigating the increased risk of late-life depression among older Indians and in rural areas in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Saravanakumar
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - T Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Ronak Paul
- Department of Public Health & Mortality Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Shobhit Srivastava
- Department of Survey Research & Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
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Maurya P, Muhammad T, Maurya C. Relational dynamics associated with adolescent and young adult (13 to 23 years of age) partner violence: The role of inter-parental violence and child abuse. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283175. [PMID: 38153957 PMCID: PMC10754437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to examine the effect of witnessing inter-parental violence and experiencing childhood abuse on victimization of intimate partner violence (IPV) after marriage among adolescent and young girls. METHOD Data were drawn from the second wave of the Understanding the lives of adolescents and young adults (UDAYA) survey (2018-2019). The sample size was 5480 married adolescent and young girls aged 13-23 years. The outcome variable of the study was the victimization of IPV. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) were performed. RESULT A total of 39% of married adolescent and young girls experienced physical violence, followed by sexual violence (35%) and emotional violence (28%) by their partner. Around 30% of respondents witnessed inter-parental violence, and 32% of the participants were beaten by their parents during childhood. Participants who had witnessed inter-parental violence were significantly correlated with experiencing childhood abuse, and this association was positively correlated with exposure to IPV in adolescence and young adulthood. Further, the parameter estimates of the indicators of IPV were highest for emotional violence (1.10) followed by physical violence (1.00) and sexual violence (0.62). Witnessing inter-parental violence significantly increases parents' physical violence to adolescents and young adult girls (β = 0.49, P<0.001, CI: 0.47-0.51). No tie between witnessing inter-parental violence and childhood abuse mediates their effect on later victimization of IPV. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that witnessing inter-parental violence is a strong risk factor for IPV victimization among adolescent and young adult girls. Our findings advocate prerequisite collaborative effort with multiple service providers for greater empowerment at national, state, community, and family levels to achieve SDG goals pertaining to eliminating violence against women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Maurya
- Department of Population and Development, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - T. Muhammad
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chanda Maurya
- Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Sahoo U, Sharma SK, Chari H, Nayak SR, Ali W, Muhammad T. Examining the rural-urban differentials in yoga and mindfulness practices among middle-aged and older adults in India: secondary analysis of a national representative survey. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22095. [PMID: 38087012 PMCID: PMC10716390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity and mental well-being play an important role in reducing the risk of various diseases and in promoting independence among older adults. Appropriate physical activity, including yoga and mindfulness practices, can help rectify the loss of independence due to aging and have a positive influence on physical health and functional activities. This study assessed rural-urban differences in yoga and mindfulness practices and their associated factors among middle-aged and older Indian adults. The total sample size considered for the current analysis was 72,250 middle-aged and older adults (aged ≥ 45 years). Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the prevalence of yoga and mindfulness practices and examine the associations of selected variables with yoga and mindfulness practices among the participants. Further, we used the Fairley decomposition technique to determine the factors contributing to rural-urban differences in the prevalence of yoga and mindfulness practices among middle-aged and older adults. More than 9% of middle-aged and older adults in rural areas and 14% in urban areas reported practicing yoga and mindfulness activities more than once per week. Adults aged ≥ 65 years were more likely to practice yoga and mindfulness activities than those who age 45-54 years were. Those with an education of ten years and above were 2.3 and 2.1 times higher likely to practice yoga in rural (AOR: 2.28; CI: 2.07-2.52) and urban (AOR: 2.13; CI: 1.91-2.37) areas compared to their uneducated peers, respectively. The largest contributors in diminishing the gap in yoga practice among participants were education (44.2%), caste (2.5%), chronic diseases such as hypertension (4.53%), diabetes (1.71%), high cholesterol (3.08%), self-reported pain (5.76%), and difficulties in instrumental activities of daily living (1.22%). The findings suggest that middle-aged and older adults in urban areas practice yoga and mindfulness activities more than their peers in rural areas do. Education level, household characteristics, and health outcomes such as chronic conditions, pain, and functional difficulties explain the observed differences in yoga and mindfulness practices across rural and urban areas. Age-appropriate healthy practices such as yoga and mindfulness should be encouraged to enhance the physical and mental well-being of middle-aged and older adults, especially in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umakanta Sahoo
- Department of Statistics, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Odisha, India
| | | | - Harshita Chari
- Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, Pune, India
| | | | - Waad Ali
- Department of Geography, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - T Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
- Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA.
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Muhammad T, Pai M, Ansari S. Gender differences in the association between cardiovascular diseases and major depressive disorder among older adults in India. Dialogues Health 2023; 2:100107. [PMID: 38515472 PMCID: PMC10953934 DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Despite the global disease burden associated with the co-occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and depression, depression remains underdiagnosed and undertreated in the CVD population, especially among older adults in India. As such, this study examines (1) the association between single and multiple CVDs and major depressive disorder among older Indians; (2) whether this association is mediated by older adults' self-rated health and functional limitations; and (3) whether these associations vary for older men and women. Methods Data come from the 2017-18 wave 1 of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India. Multivariable logistic regression is used to explore the association between CVDs and major depressive disorder among older men and women. The Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) method is used to examine the mediation effects of self-rated health and functional difficulties in the observed associations. Results Overall, 5.08% of the older adults had multiple CVDs. Older women (9.71%) had a higher prevalence of major depressive disorder compared to men (7.50%). Multiple CVDs were associated with greater odds of major depressive disorder after adjusting the potential covariates (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.49; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10-2.00). Older men with multiple CVDs had a greater risk of major depressive disorder (AOR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.05-2.57) relative to women with CVDs (AOR: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.93-2.08). The association between multiple CVDs and depression was mediated by self-rated health (34.03% for men vs. 34.55% for women), ADL difficulty (22.25% vs. 15.42%), and IADL difficulty (22.90% vs. 19.10%). Conclusions One in five older Indians with multiple CVDs reports major depressive disorder, which is three times more common than the prevalence of depressive disorder in older adults without CVDs. This association is attenuated by self-rated health and functional limitations. Moreover, these associations are more pronounced in older men relative to older women. These findings depart from prior inferences that men with CVDs are less psychologically distressed than their female counterparts. Moreover, the findings underscore the importance of gender-specific approaches to interventions and therapeutics for CVD-related mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Manacy Pai
- Department of Sociology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Salmaan Ansari
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
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Muhammad T, Pastore SF, Good K, Ausió J, Vincent JB. Chromatin gatekeeper and modifier CHD proteins in development, and in autism and other neurological disorders. Psychiatr Genet 2023; 33:213-232. [PMID: 37851134 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin, a protein-DNA complex, is a dynamic structure that stores genetic information within the nucleus and responds to molecular/cellular changes in its structure, providing conditional access to the genetic machinery. ATP-dependent chromatin modifiers regulate access of transcription factors and RNA polymerases to DNA by either "opening" or "closing" the structure of chromatin, and its aberrant regulation leads to a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders. The chromodomain helicase DNA-binding (CHD) proteins are ATP-dependent chromatin modifiers involved in the organization of chromatin structure, act as gatekeepers of genomic access, and deposit histone variants required for gene regulation. In this review, we first discuss the structural and functional domains of the CHD proteins, and their binding sites, and phosphorylation, acetylation, and methylation sites. The conservation of important amino acids in SWItch/sucrose non-fermenting (SWI/SNF) domains, and their protein and mRNA tissue expression profiles are discussed. Next, we convey the important binding partners of CHD proteins, their protein complexes and activities, and their involvements in epigenetic regulation. We also show the ChIP-seq binding dynamics for CHD1, CHD2, CHD4, and CHD7 proteins at promoter regions of histone genes, as well as several genes that are critical for neurodevelopment. The role of CHD proteins in development is also discussed. Finally, this review provides information about CHD protein mutations reported in autism and neurodevelopmental disorders, and their pathogenicity. Overall, this review provides information on the progress of research into CHD proteins, their structural and functional domains, epigenetics, and their role in stem cell, development, and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Muhammad
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry & Development (MiND) Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | - Stephen F Pastore
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry & Development (MiND) Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | - Katrina Good
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry & Development (MiND) Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC
| | - Juan Ausió
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC
| | - John B Vincent
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry & Development (MiND) Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Muhammad T, Pai M, Kumar M, Sekher T. Multiple socioeconomic risks and cognitive impairment among older men and women in India. Dialogues Health 2023; 2:100119. [PMID: 38515485 PMCID: PMC10953885 DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Socioeconomic status (SES) is negatively associated with innumerable health outcomes, including cognitive functioning. Yet much remains undiscovered about SES patterns in later-life cognition in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). The purpose of this study was to examine the association between separate and combined socioconomic risks and cognitive impairment among older adults in India. Further, given gender disparities in later life cognitive functioning and SES, the study examines the associations between socioeconomic risks and cognitive impairment separately, for older men and women. Methods Data come from the 2017-18, first wave of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), with 31,464 older adults aged 60 years and above. Cognitive impairment was assessed using multiple broad measures of memory, orientation, arithmetic function, and visuo-spatial construction skills. We present descriptive statistics along with cross-tabulation of the outcome variable. Additionally, binary logistic regression analysis was used to test the association between outcome and explanatory variables. SES is measured using education, paid work status, and household wealth measured using monthly per-capita consumption expenditure (MPCE). Results A proportion of 7.14% of the older men and 20.03% of older women reported cognitive impairment. The odds of cognitive impairment were higher among uneducated older men and women, and older men and women in lowest wealth quintile. Surprisingly, older women without current or prior work history report lower odds of cognitive impairment compared to their peers in labor force. While odds of cognitive impairment are higher among non-working older men, this association is not statistically significant. In older men, the odds of cognitive impairment were 5.34, 7.14, and 13.05 times higher with one, two, and three risk factors, respectively, compared with those with no risk exposure. A similar trend was observed for women but with comparatively lower odds. Conclusions Our findings underscore the need to distinguish between varying elements of SES to construct "upstream" health policies and programs that redistribute resources. In particular, the findings support the use of multiple SES indicators in identifying older adults most susceptible to cognitive deficits, and planning gender-based interventions to improve cognitive health in late life.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Muhammad
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088, India
| | - Manacy Pai
- Department of Sociology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Manish Kumar
- Population Research Centre, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - T.V. Sekher
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400088, India
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Wan Y, Yang S, Li T, Cai Y, Wu X, Zhang M, Muhammad T, Huang T, Lv Y, Chan WY, Lu G, Li J, Sha QQ, Chen ZJ, Liu H. LSM14B is essential for oocyte meiotic maturation by regulating maternal mRNA storage and clearance. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:11652-11667. [PMID: 37889087 PMCID: PMC10681746 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fully grown oocytes remain transcriptionally quiescent, yet many maternal mRNAs are synthesized and retained in growing oocytes. We now know that maternal mRNAs are stored in a structure called the mitochondria-associated ribonucleoprotein domain (MARDO). However, the components and functions of MARDO remain elusive. Here, we found that LSM14B knockout prevents the proper storage and timely clearance of mRNAs (including Cyclin B1, Btg4 and other mRNAs that are translationally activated during meiotic maturation), specifically by disrupting MARDO assembly during oocyte growth and meiotic maturation. With decreased levels of storage and clearance, the LSM14B knockout oocytes failed to enter meiosis II, ultimately resulting in female infertility. Our results demonstrate the function of LSM14B in MARDO assembly, and couple the MARDO with mRNA clearance and oocyte meiotic maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Wan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Physiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Tongtong Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuling Cai
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xinyue Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, NY Medical College, 15 Dana Road, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tao Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yue Lv
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wai-Yee Chan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Physiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qian-Qian Sha
- Fertility Preservation Laboratory, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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Saha A, Mandal B, Muhammad T, Barman P, Ahmed W. Gender-specific determinants of overweight and obesity among older adults in India: evidence from a cross-sectional survey, 2017-18. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2313. [PMID: 37993827 PMCID: PMC10664315 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major societal trend of the twenty-first century is the rapidly ageing population as a consequence of the decline in fertility and increase in life expectancy. Along with the rise in ageing population, the burden of obesity and related non-communicable diseases is also equally rising. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential gender-specific determinants of overweight and obesity among older adults in India. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The present study used data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave 1 (2017-18). A total sample of 25,952 older adults (≥ 60 years) was selected for the study. Descriptive statistics, bivariate chi-square test, and logistic regression estimation were applied to accomplish the study objectives. Body mass index (BMI) has been classified in this study according to the WHO criteria. RESULTS The prevalence of overweight was higher among women (18.15% in rural areas and 46.62% in urban areas) compared to men (12.9% in rural areas and 30.61% in urban areas). Similarly, obesity was higher among women than men who were residing in urban areas (17.07% vs. 5.37%), had secondary or above education (32.38% vs. 6.1%) belonged to richest strata (16.37% vs. 4.50%), or had mobility impairment (9.2% vs. 2.8%). Despite adjustment for several confounders, women were more likely to be overweight (OR: 2.18; CI: 1.86, 2.55) and obese (OR: 3.79; CI: 2.86, 5.03) than men. However, among both the elderly men and women, those who were highly educated were 2.29 times (OR: 2.29; CI: 1.80, 4.11) and 2.71 times (OR: 2.71; CI: 1.78, 4.11), respectively more likely to be overweight than their illiterate counterparts. Older adults living in urban areas were more likely to suffer from obesity compared to rural men (OR: 1.47; CI: 1.07, 2.02) and women (OR: 2.58; CI: 1.85, 3.60). Both men and women, who were highly educated were 2.64 times (OR: 2.64; CI: 1.71, 4.09) and 2.94 times (OR: 2.94; CI: 1.40, 6.20), respectively, more likely to be obese than their illiterate counterparts. Older men and women who were richest (OR: 1.60; CI: 1.19, 2.14 & OR: 2.12; CI: 1.63,2.76), or had mobility impairment (OR: 1.33; CI: 1.09,1.61 & OR: 1.72; CI: 1.42,2.08) were more likely to be overweight than their counterparts who were poorest or did not have any mobility limitation, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study found increased vulnerability of overweight and obesity among older women than men irrespective of their socioeconomic, demographic, and health status. The present study suggests that introducing preventative measures such as campaigns to encourage physical activity, and community awareness may help reduce the high burden of overweight and obesity. Finally, the findings are important for better functioning of any public health programme and suitable intervention techniques to maintain a healthy body in order to lower the prevalence and risk factors of non-communicable diseases in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amiya Saha
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India.
| | - Bittu Mandal
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, 453552, India
| | - T Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India
| | - Papai Barman
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India
| | - Waquar Ahmed
- Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India
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Pastore SF, Muhammad T, Stan C, Frankland PW, Hamel PA, Vincent JB. Neuronal transcription of autism gene PTCHD1 is regulated by a conserved downstream enhancer sequence. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20391. [PMID: 37990104 PMCID: PMC10663455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Patched domain-containing 1 (PTCHD1) is a well-established susceptibility gene for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID). Previous studies have suggested that alterations in the dosage of PTCHD1 may contribute to the etiology of both ASD and ID. However, there has not yet been a thorough investigation regarding mechanisms that regulate PTCHD1 expression. We sought to characterize the Ptchd1 promoter in a mouse neuronal model, as well as to identify and validate cis regulatory elements. We defined specific regions of the Ptchd1 promoter essential for robust expression in P19-induced neurons. Evolutionarily-conserved putative transcription factor binding sites within these regions were subsequently identified. Using a pairwise comparison of chromatin accessibility between mouse forebrain and liver tissues, a candidate regulatory region, ~ 9.1 kbp downstream of the Ptchd1 stop codon was defined. This region harbours two ENCODE-predicted enhancer cis-regulatory elements. Further, using DNase footprint analysis, a putative YY1-binding motif was also identified. Genomic deletion of the entire 8 kbp downstream open chromatin region attenuated Ptchd1 transcription by over 60% in our neuronal model, corroborating its predicted regulatory function. This study provides mechanistic insights related to the expression of PTCHD1, and provides important context to interpret genetic and genomic variation at this locus which may influence neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen F Pastore
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry & Development (MiND) Lab, Molecular Brain Science Research Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1RS, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry & Development (MiND) Lab, Molecular Brain Science Research Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1RS, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Cassandra Stan
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry & Development (MiND) Lab, Molecular Brain Science Research Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1RS, Canada
| | - Paul W Frankland
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G3, Canada
| | - Paul A Hamel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - John B Vincent
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry & Development (MiND) Lab, Molecular Brain Science Research Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1RS, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
- Molecular Brain Science Research Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
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Fan Z, Jiang C, Muhammad T, Ali I, Feng Y, Sun L, Geng H. Impacts and mechanism of biodegradable microplastics on lake sediment properties, bacterial dynamics, and greenhouse gasses emissions. Sci Total Environ 2023; 900:165727. [PMID: 37487892 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of microplastics (MPs) in freshwater ecosystems plays a vital role in greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions from lake sediment by altering sediment properties and microbial communities. Thus, a short-term microcosm experiment was performed to explore the effect of conventional polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable Poly (butylene-adipate-co-terephtalate) (PBAT) MPs on carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions from lake sediment and associated microbial community. The results indicated that at 1.0 % concentration, the cumulative CO2 emissions were increased by 16.8 % and the cumulative CH4 emissions were increased more than four times following the addition of biodegradable MPs compared to conventional MPs, which was due to the more dissolved organic carbon (DOC) provided by biodegradable MPs for microbial respiration. Furthermore, the cumulative CO2 and CH4 emissions significantly (p < 0.05) increased with the increasing concentrations of biodegradable MPs. Notably, the accumulation of MPs could weaken the microbial stress from requirements of energy and substrate, and increase the microbial biomass carbon (MBC) value, thus eventually improving the respiratory capacity of microbes. In addition, the biodegradable MPs significantly increased the abundance of microbes, such as Firmicutes, Myxococcota and Actinobacteriota, which were related to the function of anaerobic respiration. Overall, we concluded that the abundant DOC provided by biodegradable MPs could promote the growth of microbes in lake sediment, and they could change the structure and diversity of the microbial community, which would eventually enhance the anaerobic respiration of microbes and aggravate the GHGs emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zequn Fan
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Cuiling Jiang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Imran Ali
- College of environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yakun Feng
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Hui Geng
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
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Muhammad T, Pai M. Association between subjective social status and physical frailty in older adults in India: perceived discrimination and III-treatment as mediators and moderators. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:2517-2530. [PMID: 37642931 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While extensive research exists on physical frailty, including in low- and middle-income countries like India, studies have yet to appraise whether perceived social standing is associated with physical frailty. As such, this study examines (1) the association between subjective social status (SSS) and physical frailty among older adults in India; and (2) whether this association is mediated and moderated by perceived discrimination and experiences of III-treatment. METHODS Data came from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India with a sample of 31,464 older adults aged 60 and above. Physical frailty was assessed using an adapted version of the frailty phenotype developed by Fried and colleagues. SSS was assessed using the Macarthur scale. Multivariable logistic regression models along with Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) methodology were employed to examine the direct association, mediational pathways, and the interactions. RESULTS The prevalence of frailty was 30.65% and those with lowest SSS reported higher prevalence of frailty (42.06%). After adjusting for several confounders, odds of frailty were lower among persons with high SSS relative to those with low SSS, and the variance explained by the SSS was higher than that explained by household consumption quintiles. Moreover, the association between SSS and frailty was mediated and moderated by perceived discrimination and III-treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore that when examining the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and physical frailty, it is important to consider SSS given that perceived social status likely reflects the less apparent psychosocial components associated with SES, and that perceived discrimination and III-treatment both mediate and moderate the association between SSS and physical frailty is critical to identifying those older Indians most susceptible to the functional health implications of lower SSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India.
| | - Manacy Pai
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
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Qaisar R, Kamli H, Karim A, Muhammad T, Ahmad F, Shaikh A. Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Restore Skeletal Muscle in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Arch Med Res 2023; 54:102890. [PMID: 37741098 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2023.102890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related muscle decline, called sarcopenia, and hypertension are commonly observed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are common antihypertensive medications with muscle protective effects. However, the anti-sarcopenic potential and associated mechanisms of ARBs in hypertensive patients with COPD are unknown. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the potential contribution of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) stability as a driving mechanism of ARBs-induced muscle protection. METHODS We categorized 236 patients with COPD into normotensive (n = 79) and hypertensive, based on treatment with ARB (n = 82), and other antihypertensive drugs (n = 75). Hypertensive patients with COPD were evaluated at two time points one year apart. Handgrip strength (HGS), body composition, short physical performance battery (SPPB), and plasma c-terminal agrin fragment-22 (CAF22) as a marker of NMJ degradation were measured. RESULTS Patients with COPD exhibited reduced HGS and SPPB scores, and higher levels of CAF22 than controls, regardless of hypertension status. ARBs treatment improved HGS and gait speed and reduced plasma CAF22 levels in hypertensive patients with COPD (all p <0.05). ARBs also prevented the decline in SPPB components, including maintaining balance, gait speed, and the ability to rise from a chair in hypertensive patients with COPD (all p <0.05). We also found dynamic associations of plasma CAF22 with HGS, gait speed, and SPPB scores in hypertensive patients with COPD. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, ARB treatment preserves skeletal muscle health and functional capacity in hypertensive patients with COPD by reducing plasma CAF22 and possibly repairing NMJs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Qaisar
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hossam Kamli
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asima Karim
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Gomal Medical College, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Firdos Ahmad
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmad Shaikh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Pai M, Muhammad T, Das S, Chaudhary M, Srivastava S. Gender differences in the association between physical frailty and life satisfaction among older adults in India. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:930-943. [PMID: 37560780 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the sustainable development goals' (SDGs) primary goals (Goal 3) is to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for persons of all ages. While extensive literature documents the link between physical frailty and low life satisfaction (LLS) among older adults, research of this nature is limited within low and middle-income countries including India. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between physical frailty and life satisfaction among community-dwelling older men and women in India. METHODS Data come from the 2017-18 wave 1 of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), with a sample of 30 390 individuals aged 60 and above (14 559 men and 15 831 women). Physical frailty was assessed using an adapted version of the frailty phenotype developed by Fried and colleagues. Ordered logistic regression models are employed to examine the association between physical frailty and life satisfaction. RESULTS The prevalence of frailty was higher in older women than men (32.2% vs. 27.5%). Nearly 30.4% of men and 33.8% of women reported having LLS. However, after adjusting for the selected confounders, women were less likely (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.92; CI: 0.87-0.97) to report LLS compared to men. The physically frail older adults were more likely (aOR: 1.40; CI: 1.27-1.55) to report LLS relative to their physically stronger counterparts. Moreover, we found that frail older men had higher odds of reporting LLS than non-frail older men (aOR: 1.25; CI: 1.09-1.43). Also, non-frail older women had lower odds of reporting LLS than non-frail older men (aOR: 0.80; CI: 0.67-0.95). CONCLUSIONS Findings of our study suggest that policies and programs to address later life well-being need to consider gender differences. Doing so would not only help identify older adults most at risk of LLS, but gender differentiated policies would help streamline health expenditures and costs typically relegated to assist all older adults without proper focus on the uniqueness of their social location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manacy Pai
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | - T Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Sayani Das
- International Institute of Health Management Research, New Delhi, India
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Pai M, Muhammad T. Subjective social status and functional and mobility impairments among older adults: life satisfaction and depression as mediators and moderators. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:685. [PMID: 37872470 PMCID: PMC10591391 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While functional and mobility impairments (FMIs) have garnered the attention of health researchers in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), including India, research has yet to explore whether and to what extent the perception of one's social status is associated with FMIs. We fill this gap in the literature by examining (1) the association between subjective social status (SSS) and FMIs among older adults in India and (2) whether this association between SSS and FMIs is mediated and moderated by life satisfaction and depression. METHODS Data come from the 2017-18 wave 1 of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) with a sample of 31,464 older adults aged 60 years and above. FMIs were assessed using established scales on impairments in activities of daily living (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and mobility. SSS was assessed using the Macarthur scale. Life satisfaction was measured using responses to five statements gauging respondent's overall satisfaction with life. Depression was calculated using the shortened version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-SF). Multivariable regression was employed to examine the association between variables, and the interaction terms and Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) method were used separately to test the mediation and moderation effects. RESULTS 39.11% of the sample had a low SSS, 8.26% were depressed, and 32.07% reported low life satisfaction. A total of 8.74%, 10.91%, and 8.45% of the study population reported at least one impairment in ADL, IADL, and mobility, respectively. Older adults in the higher SSS group were less likely to have ADL impairment (beta: -0.017, CI: -0.030, -0.0032) and mobility impairment (beta: -0.044, CI: -0.076, -0.013). Depression moderated the association between SSS and mobility impairment (p-value: 0.025), and life satisfaction moderated the association between SSS and ADL impairments (p-value: 0.041) and SSS and IADL impairments (p-value: 0.037). Depression mediated 20.28%, 31.88%, and 18.39% of the associations of SSS with ADL, IADL, and mobility impairments, respectively. Similarly, life satisfaction mediated 23.24%, 52.69%, and 27.22% of the associations of SSS with ADL, IADL, and mobility impairments. CONCLUSIONS That SSS is associated with FMIs among older Indians, even after considering their objective socioeconomic status (SES), suggests that the use of SSS is relevant to the study of health inequalities in India. The finding that life satisfaction and depression mediate and moderate this association is crucial in pinpointing those older Indians at risk of the functional and mobility-related repercussions of lower SSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manacy Pai
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - T Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India.
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Paul R, Muhammad T, Rashmi R, Sharma P, Srivastava S, Zanwar PP. Depression by gender and associated factors among older adults in India: implications for age-friendly policies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17651. [PMID: 37848598 PMCID: PMC10582097 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44762-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inspite of implementing policies to control mental health problems, depression remains a severe health concern among older adults in India. We examined self-reported differences in the depression among older men and women in India and examined associated factors for gender differences in depression at the population level. We utilized nationally representative data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) wave I, for years 2017-2019. Our analytical sample comprised of 30,637 older adults ages 60 years and above (14,682 men and 15,655 women). We conducted descriptive statistics and Chi-Square tests followed by binary logistic regression and multivariate decomposition analyses to examine our study objectives. Depression was reported in - 7.4% (95% CI 7.0, 7.8) of older men and 9.5% (CI 9.1, 10.0) of older women. Poor self-rated health, multimorbidity status, physical activity, difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) were the significant health-related factors associated with depression among older men and women. Not being satisfied with one's life, not being satisfied with their present living arrangement, receiving any type of ill-treatment, and being widowed were the significant factors associated with depression among older men and women. We found gender disparity in self-reported depression. Marital status contributed-to 36.7% of the gender gap in depression among older adults. Additionally, ADL and IADL difficulties among men and women contributed to 17.6% and 34.0%, gender gap, self-rated health contributed to 18.8% gap, whereas not having equal social participation (4.4%) and not satisfied in present living arrangements (8.1%) were other factors that contributed to gender gap for depression in India. Depression is a critical and persistent public health problem among-older females in India. Our findings provide a broader framework for policymakers and health practitioners to focus on gender-specific strategies to mitigate this highly emergent problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronak Paul
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India
| | - T Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India
| | - Rashmi Rashmi
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India
| | - Palak Sharma
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India
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Saha A, Muhammad T, Mandal B, Adhikary M, Barman P. Socio-demographic and behavioral correlates of excess weight and its health consequences among older adults in India: Evidence from a cross-sectional study, 2017-18. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291920. [PMID: 37796783 PMCID: PMC10553247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid population aging is expected to become one of the major demographic transitions in the twenty-first century due to the continued decline in fertility and rise in life expectancy. Such a rise in the aged population is associated with increasing non-communicable diseases. India has suffered from obesity epidemic, with morbid obesity affecting 5% of the population and continuing an upward trend in other developing countries. This study estimates the prevalence of excess weight among older adults in India, and examines the socio-demographic and behavioral factors and its health consequences. METHODS The study used data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave 1 (2017-18). A total sample of 25,952 older adults (≥ 60 years) was selected for the study. Descriptive statistics, bivariate Chi-Square test, and logistic regression models were applied to accomplish the study objectives. Body mass index (BMI) has been computed for the study according to the classification of the World Health Organization, and "excess weight" refers to a score of BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2. RESULTS Overall, 23% of older adults (≥ 60 years) were estimated with excess weight in India, which was higher among women irrespective of socioeconomic and health conditions. The higher levels of excess weight (than the national average of ≥22.7%) were observed among older adults in states like Haryana, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Manipur, Goa, Kerala, Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Sikkim and some other states. After adjusting for selected covariates, the odds of excess weight were higher among females than males [OR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.89, 2.60]. Similarly, the likelihood of excess weight was 2.18 times higher among older adults who were living in urban areas compared to their rural counterparts [OR: 2.18; 95% CI: 1.90, 2.49]. Higher level of education is significantly positively correlated with excess weight. Similarly, higher household wealth index was significantly positively correlated with excess weight [OR: 1.98, CI: 1.62, 2.41]. Having hypertension, diabetes and heart diseases were associated with excess weight among older adults. Regional variations were also observed in the prevalence of excess weight among older adults. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that introducing measures that help to reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases, and campaigns to encourage physical activity, and community awareness may help reduce the high burden of excess weight and obesity among older Indians. The findings are important for identifying the at-risk sub-populations and for the better functioning of any public health programme and suitable intervention techniques to lower the prevalence and risk factors for excess weight in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amiya Saha
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - T. Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Bittu Mandal
- Indian Institute of Technology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indore, India
| | - Mihir Adhikary
- Department of Public health and Mortality Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Papai Barman
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
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Muhammad T, Wan Y, Lv Y, Li H, Naushad W, Chan WY, Lu G, Chen ZJ, Liu H. Maternal obesity: A potential disruptor of female fertility and current interventions to reduce associated risks. Obes Rev 2023; 24:e13603. [PMID: 37452501 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Currently, obesity has achieved epidemic levels in reproductive-aged women with a myriad of consequences. Obesity is susceptible to several reproductive complications that eventually affect fertility rates. These complications originate from the deteriorated quality of oocytes from mothers with obesity, which increases the probability of chromosomal aneuploidy, elevated reactive oxygen species production, compromised embryonic developmental competency, and eventually reduced fertility. Maternal obesity is linked to pregnancy complications such as implantation error, abortion, miscarriage, and early pregnancy loss. This review highlights the adverse effects of maternal obesity on female fertility, with a focus on the mechanistic link between maternal obesity and oocyte quality and discusses possible measures to reduce its associated risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Muhammad
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, New York Medical College, 15 Dana Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Yanling Wan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yue Lv
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Hanzhen Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Wasifa Naushad
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, 15 Dana Road, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
| | - Wai-Yee Chan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, China
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Ahmed W, Muhammad T, Muneera K. Prevalence of early and late onset of chronic diseases and multimorbidity and its association with physical, mental and functional health among older Indian adults. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:563. [PMID: 37710170 PMCID: PMC10502995 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying people with early and late onset of chronic conditions might help target the subpopulations that are more vulnerable to negative mental, physical and functional health outcomes. The current study aimed to examine the association of early and late onset of chronic single and multiple morbidities with self-perceived physical and mental health, functional limitations and physical inactivity among older Indian adults. METHODS Cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave 1 (2017-2018). The total sample size for the present study was 31,386 older adults age 60 years or older. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to establish the association between the outcomes (poor perceived physical/mental health, functional difficulty and physical inactivity) and explanatory variables (early [ = < 50 years of age] and late [> 50 years]) onset of chronic illnesses such as hypertension, diabetes, heart attack, heart disease, stroke, cancer, lung disease, arthritis, osteoporosis and psychiatric disease). RESULTS Overall, 24.21% of the sample population had poor self-perceived physical health, whereas 8.67% of participants had poor self-perceived mental health. The prevalence of difficulty in ADL, difficulty in IADL, and physical inactivity was 23.77%, 48.36%, and 68.9%, respectively. Odds of poor perceived mental health were higher for the respondents with early as well as late onset of hypertension, stroke, and arthritis; while individuals with late onset of diabetes, and heart disease had higher odds of poor perceived mental health than those without chronic disease. Individuals with early onset of single morbidity were more likely to report ADL difficulty (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.33, confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-1.67); while those with late onset of single (AOR: 1.34, CI: 1.17-1.53) and multimorbidity (AOR: 1.91, CI: 1.63-2.24) were more likely to report ADL difficulty compared with individuals without morbidity. Individuals with early as well as late-onset of multimorbidity had more than two times higher odds of reporting poor physical health, poor mental health and IADL difficulty compared with individuals without chronic disease. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed that early and/or late onset of chronic single and/or multiple morbidities significantly predicted poor self-perceived physical and mental health, functional limitations and physical inactivity among older Indian adults. The findings further suggest that late onset of chronic diseases such as cancer and stroke and multi-morbidity had stronger associations with physical inactivity that may help identify high risk groups for screening and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waquar Ahmed
- School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - T Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
| | - K Muneera
- National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India
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Kumar P, Srivastava S, Chaudhary P, Muhammad T. Factors contributing to socio-economic inequality in utilization of caesarean section delivery among women in Indonesia: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291485. [PMID: 37703256 PMCID: PMC10499255 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most of the existing literature in developing countries focused on either the rising trend of CS or its determinants. There is a paucity of population-based studies on existing socioeconomic inequalities in availing CS services by women in Indonesia. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with caesarian section (CS) delivery and explore the various factors contributing to inequalities in CS delivery rates in Indonesia. METHODS The study utilized nationally representative cross-sectional data from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), 2017. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to find the factors associated with CS delivery. Concentration index and Wagstaff's decomposition analysis were used to examine the socioeconomic inequalities in CS delivery among women and associated factors. RESULTS About 17% of women in Indonesia delivered babies through CS. A concentration index of 0.31 in CS delivery rate showed a higher CS delivery rate among women belonging to rich households. About 44.7% of socioeconomic status inequality in CS delivery was explained by educational status among women who went for CS delivery. Women's place of residence explained 30.1% of socioeconomic inequality, and women's age at first birth explained about 11.9% and reporting ANC visits explained 8.4% of the observed inequality. Highest socioeconomic inequality was witnessed in central Sulawesi (0.529), followed by Maluku (0.488) and West Kalimantan (0.457), whereas the lowest was recorded in Yogyakarta (0.021) followed by north Sulawesi (0.047) and east Kalimantan (0.171). Education (44.7%) followed by rural-urban place of residence (30.1%) and age of first birth (11.9%) contributed most to explain the gap in CS delivery among rich and poor women. CONCLUSION The study highlighted the higher CS delivery rates among women from higher socioeconomic groups and thus, it is important to frame policies after identifying the population subgroups with potential underuse or overuse of CS method of delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shobhit Srivastava
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - T. Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Jan A, Saeed M, Mothana RA, Muhammad T, Rahman N, Alanzi AR, Akbar R. Association of CYP2C9*2 Allele with Sulphonylurea-Induced Hypoglycaemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Pharmacogenetic Study in Pakistani Pashtun Population. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2282. [PMID: 37626778 PMCID: PMC10452755 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphism in cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 enzyme is known to cause significant inter-individual differences in drug response and occurrence of adverse drug reactions. Different alleles of the CYP2C9 gene have been identified, but the notable alleles responsible for reduced enzyme activity are CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3. No pharmacogenetic data are available on CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 alleles in the Pakistani population. In Pakistan, pharmacogenetics, which examines the relationship between genetic factors and drug response, are in the early stages of development. We, for the first time, investigated the association between the CYP2C9 variant alleles CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 and the incidence of hypoglycaemia in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) receiving sulphonylurea medications. A total of n = 400 individuals of Pashtun ethnicity were recruited from 10 different districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan to participate in the study. The study participants were divided into two distinct groups: the case group (n = 200) and the control group (n = 200). The case group consisted of individuals with T2DM who were receiving sulphonylurea medications and experienced hypoglycaemia with it, whereas the control group included individuals with T2DM who were receiving sulphonylurea medication but did not experience sulphonylurea-induced hypoglycaemia (SIH). Blood samples were obtained from study participants following informed consent. DNA was isolated from whole blood samples using a Wiz-Prep DNA extraction kit. Following DNA isolation, CYP2C9 alleles were genotyped using MassARRAY sequencing platform at the Centre of Genomics at the Rehman Medical Institute (RMI). The frequency of CYP2C9*2 (low-activity allele) was more frequent in the diabetic patients with SIH compared to the control group (17.5% vs. 6.0%, p = 0.021). The frequency of its corresponding genotype CYP2C9*1/*2 was higher in cases compared to the control group (10% vs. 6% with p = 0.036); the same was true for genotype CYP2C9*2/*2 (7% vs. 3.5% with p = 0.028). Logistic regression analysis evidenced potential association of CYP2C9*2 allele and its genotypes with SIH. When adjusted for confounding factors such as age, weight, sex, mean daily dose of sulphonylurea, and triglyceride level, the association between the CYP2C9*2 allele and hypoglycaemia remained consistent. Confounding factors played no role in SIH (insignificant p-value) because both groups (cases and controls) were closely matched in term of age, weight, sex, mean daily dose of sulphonylurea, and triglyceride levels. Our study suggests that genetic information about a patient's CYP2C9 gene/enzyme can potentially assist physicians in prescribing the most suitable and safest drug, based on their genetic make-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Jan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
- District Headquarter Hospital (DHQH) Charsadda, Charsadda 24430, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Department of Pharmacy, Qurtaba University of Science and Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.M.); (A.R.A.)
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry & Development (MiND) Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada;
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Naveed Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Abdullah R. Alanzi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.M.); (A.R.A.)
| | - Rani Akbar
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan;
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Ahmed W, Muhammad T, Maurya C, Akhtar SN. Prevalence and factors associated with undiagnosed and uncontrolled heart disease: A study based on self-reported chronic heart disease and symptom-based angina pectoris among middle-aged and older Indian adults. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287455. [PMID: 37379277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the prevalence of heart diseases and angina pectoris and associated factors among middle-aged and older Indian adults. Additionally, the study examined the prevalence and associated factors of undiagnosed and uncontrolled heart disease among middle-aged and older adults based on self-reported chronic heart disease (CHD) and symptom-based angina pectoris (AP). METHODS We used cross-sectional data from the first wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Study of India, 2017-18. The sample consists of 59,854 individuals (27, 769 males and 32,085 females) aged 45 years and above. Maximum likelihood binary logistic regression models were employed to examine the associations between morbidities, other covariates (demographic factors, socio-economic factors and behavioral factors) and heart disease and angina. RESULTS A proportion of 4.16% older males and 3.55% older females reported the diagnosis of heart diseases. A proportion of 4.69% older males and 7.02% older females had symptom-based angina. The odds of having heart disease were higher among those who were hypertensive and who had family history of heart disease, and it was higher among those whose cholesterol levels were higher. Individuals with hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol and family history of heart disease were more likely to have angina than their healthy counterparts. The odds of undiagnosed heart disease were lower but the odds of uncontrolled heart disease were higher among those who were hypertensive than non-hypertensive individuals. Those having diabetes were less likely to have undiagnosed heart disease while among the diabetic people the odds of uncontrolled heart disease were higher. Similarly, higher odds were observed among people with high cholesterol, having stroke and also among those who had a history of heart disease than their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS The present study provided a comparative prevalence of heart disease and agina and their associations with chronic diseases among middle-aged and older adults in India. The higher prevalence of undiagnosed and uncontrolled heart disease and their risk factors among middle-aged and older Indians manisfest alarming public health concerns and future health demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waquar Ahmed
- Tata Institute of Social Sciences, School of Health Systems Studies, Mumbai, India
| | - T Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Chanda Maurya
- Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Saddaf Naaz Akhtar
- Faculty of Social, Human and Mathematical Sciences, Centre for Research on Ageing, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Muneera K, Muhammad T, Pai M, Ahmed W, Althaf S. Associations between intrinsic capacity, functional difficulty, and fall outcomes among older adults in India. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9829. [PMID: 37330570 PMCID: PMC10276857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37097-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The construct of intrinsic capacity (IC) in the context of integrated care for older adults emphasizes functional assessment from a holistic perspective. It provides reliable and comparable insights on subsequent functioning and disability. Given the paucity of research on IC and health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the present study examined the association of IC with geriatric conditions of functional limitations and multiple fall outcomes among older adults in India. The data used for analysis come from the first wave of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), 2017-2018. The final sample size contains 24,136 older adults (11,871 males and 12,265 females) age 60 years or above. Multivariable binary logistic regression is employed to examine the association of IC and other explanatory factors with outcome variables of difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), falls, fall injury, and multiple falls. Of the total sample, 24.56% of older adults were observed to be in the high IC category. The prevalence of ADL difficulty, IADL difficulty, falls, multiple falls and fall-related injury is estimated to be 19.89%, 45.00%, 12.36%, 5.49% and 5.57%, respectively. Older adults who reported high IC had a significantly lower prevalence of ADL difficulty (12.26% vs 22.38%) and IADL difficulty (31.13% vs 49.52%) than those who reported low IC. Similarly, a lower prevalence of falls (9.42% vs 13.34%), fall-related injury (4.10% vs 6.06%) and multiple falls (3.46% vs 6.16%) were reported among those who had high IC. After adjusting for a large number of confounders such as age, sex, health-related attributes and lifestyle behaviors, older adults with high IC had significantly lower odds of ADL difficulty [aOR: 0.63, CI: 0.52-0.76], IADL difficulty [aOR: 0.71, CI: 0.60-0.83], falls [aOR: 0.80, CI: 0.67-0.96], multiple falls [aOR: 0.73, CI: 0.58-0.96] and fall-related injury [aOR: 0.78, CI: 0.61-0.99]. That a high IC was independently associated with a lower risk of functional difficulty and fall outcomes in later life is of enormous value in predicting subsequent functional care needs. More specifically, the findings here imply that because regular IC monitoring can predict poor health outcomes in older adults, improvements in IC should be prioritized while formulating disability and fall prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Muneera
- National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India
| | - T Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India.
| | - Manacy Pai
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - Waquar Ahmed
- School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - S Althaf
- National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India
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Varghese JS, Muhammad T. Prevalence, potential determinants, and treatment-seeking behavior of acute respiratory infection among children under age five in India: Findings from the National Family Health Survey, 2019-21. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:195. [PMID: 37280601 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a major cause of mortality and morbidity among under-five children worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Current evidence using nationally representative data on determinants and care-seeking behavior for ARI is limited in the Indian context. Hence, the present study complements the existing literature by examining the prevalence, determinants, and health-care-seeking behavior regarding ARI among Indian children under age five. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS The data for the present study were drawn from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) conducted in 28 states and 8 union territories of India in 2019-21. A total of 222,233 children age less than five years were selected to estimate the prevalence and determinants of ARI, and 6198 children having ARI were selected to explore the treatment-seeking behavior. Bivariate analysis and multivariable binary logistic regression analysis were employed. RESULTS Among children under five years, 2.8% suffered from ARI in the two weeks preceding the survey, and 56.1% sought treatment for ARI. Younger age, a recent episode of diarrhea, maternal asthmatic history, and tobacco smoke exposure in the household increase the risk of having ARI. Further, having a separate room as a kitchen in the household reduces the likelihood of having ARI by 14% (AOR: 0.86; CI: 0.79-0.93). Female children (AOR: 0.88; CI: 0.77-1.00) and children belonging to households having difficulty in accessing transport to health facility (AOR: 0.83; CI: 0.69-0.99) are less likely to seek treatment. CONCLUSION The study identified several socio-demographic, maternal, and household characteristics associated with ARI and treatment seeking for ARI. The study also recommends making health centers more accessible to the people in terms of proximity and cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesty Saira Varghese
- Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai, 400088, Maharashtra, India.
| | - T Muhammad
- Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
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Srivastava S, Kumar M, Muhammad T, Debnath P. Prevalence and predictors of vision impairment among older adults in India: evidence from LASI, 2017-18. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:251. [PMID: 37277715 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03009-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults experience a natural decline in health, physical and cognitive functionality, and vision impairment (VI) is one among them and has become an increasing health concern worldwide. The present study assessed the association of chronic morbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, stroke, heart diseases and various socioeconomic factors with VI among older Indian adults. METHODS Data for this study were derived from the nationally-representative Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), wave-1 (2017-18). VI was assessed using the cut-off of visual acuity worse than 20/80, and additional analysis was carried out using the definition of VI with a cut-off of visual acuity worse than 20/63. Descriptive statistics along with cross-tabulation were presented in the study. Proportion test was used to evaluate the significance level for sex differentials in VI among older adults. Additionally, multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the factors associated with VI among older adults. RESULTS About 33.8% of males and 40% of females suffered from VI in India (visual acuity worse than 20/80). Meghalaya (59.5%) had the highest prevalence for VI among older males followed by Arunachal Pradesh (58.4%) and Tripura (45.2%). Additionally, Arunachal Pradesh (77.4%) had the highest prevalence for VI among females followed by Meghalaya (68.8%) and Delhi (56.1%). Among the health factors, stroke [AOR: 1.20; CI: 1.03-1.53] and hypertension [AOR: 1.12; CI: 1.01-1.22] were the significant risk factors for VI among older adults. Additionally, being oldest old [AOR: 1.58; CI: 1.32-1.89] and divorced/separated/deserted/others [AOR: 1.42; CI: 1.08-1.87] were significantly associated with VI. Moreover, older adults with higher educational status [AOR: 0.42; CI: 0.34, 0.52], currently working [AOR: 0.77; CI: 0.67, 0.88], from urban areas [AOR: 0.86; CI: 0.76-0.98] and from western region [AOR: 0.55; CI: 0.48-0.64] had lower odds of VI in this study. CONCLUSION This study identified higher rates of VI among those who are diagnosed with hypertension or stroke, currently unmarried, socioeconomically poorer, less educated and urban resident older people that can inform strategies to engage high risk groups. The findings also suggest that specific interventions that promote active aging are required for those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged as well as visually impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit Srivastava
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India
| | - T Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India.
| | - Paramita Debnath
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India
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Muhammad T. Life course rural/urban place of residence, depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment among older adults: findings from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:391. [PMID: 37268912 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04911-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the unique socioeconomic structures, and the rural/urban differentials in the prevalence of mental illnesses in the country, this study aimed to explore the associations of childhood, adulthood and late-life rural/urban place of residence with mental health outcomes, namely depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment, among older adults in India. The study also examined the relationship between older individuals' life-course rural/urban place of residence and late-life mental and cognitive health. METHODS Utilizing data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (n = 28,027 older adults age 60 years and above), the study employed multivariable logistic and linear regression models to examine the association between urban/rural residential status, life-course residence, depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment among older adults. RESULTS Childhood and adulthood place of residence was not associated with depressive symptoms in older men and women. Current rural place of residence was positively associated with depressive symptoms in older women [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.37, confidence interval (CI): 1.05-1.80] but not men. Childhood [aOR: 1.88, CI: 1.16-3.04], adulthood [aOR: 2.00, CI: 1.26-3.16] and current rural residence [aOR: 1.93, CI: 1.27-2.91] was positively associated with cognitive impairment in men. Only current rural residence [aOR: 1.71, CI: 1.29-2.27] was associated with cognitive impairment in women. There was no significant association between life-course place of residence and depressive symptoms except in case of lifetime rural residence Respondents with urban-urban-urban (childhood-adulthood-current) place of residence were less likely to have depressive symptoms [adjusted coefficient (aCoef.): -0.14, CI: -0.21- -0.07] compared to those with rural-rural-rural place of residence. There were significant associations between life-course residence and cognitive impairment except among rural-urban-rural and urban-rural-rural migrants, showing an urban advantage in cognitive function among older adults. CONCLUSIONS This study showed significant associations between life-course residence and depressive symptoms among permanent rural/urban residents. The study also showed significant associations between life-course residence and cognitive impairment except among rural-urban-rural and urban-rural-rural migrants. Considering the rural disadvantage in mental and cognitive health among older adults, the government should continue to support policies that can improve access to education and healthcare among people residing in rural areas and women, in particular. The findings also urge social scientists and gerontologists in particular, to consider the importance of lifetime historical context while evaluating mental and cognitive health of older persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India.
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Ahmed W, Pai M, Muhammad T, Maurya C, Mohanty P, Javed NB. Early life factors associated with the experiences of pain in later life: evidence from a population based study in India. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:968. [PMID: 37237340 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of early life factors is becoming increasingly apparent as studies investigate how experiences, resources, and constraints in childhood affect health and well-being later in life. The present study contributes to this literature by examining the association between several early life factors and self-reported pain among older adults in India. METHODS Data come from the 2017-18 wave 1 of the Longitudinal Ageing Study of India (LASI). The sample size includes 28,050 older adults aged 60 and above (13,509 men and 14,541 women). Pain is a self-reported, dichotomous measure where participants responded to whether they were often troubled with pain and whether this experience interfered with their ability to carry out daily household chores. Early life factors, which are retrospective accounts of experiences, included the respondent's position in birth order, their health status, school absenteeism, being bedridden, family socioeconomic status (SES), and their parent's experience with chronic disease. Logistic regression analysis is employed to examine the unadjusted and adjusted average marginal effects (AME) of selected domains of early life factors associated with the probability of experiencing pain. RESULTS 22.8% of men and 32.3% of women reported pain that interfered with daily activities. Pain was higher among men (AME: 0.01, confidence interval (CI): 0.01-0.03) and women (AME: 0.02, CI: 0.01-0.04) with third or fourth birth order compared to counterparts with first birth order. Both men (AME: -0.02, CI: -0.04-0.01) and women (AME: -0.07, CI: -0.09 - -0.04) having a fair childhood health status reported a lower probability of pain. The probability of pain was higher among both men (AME: 0.03, CI: 0.01-0.07) and women (AME: 0.07, CI: 0.03-0.13) who were bedridden due to sickness in their childhood. Similarly, the pain likelihood was higher among men who missed school for more than a month due to health problems (AME: 0.04, CI: -0.01-0.09). Men and women with poor financial condition in their childhood reported (AME: 0.04, CI: 0.01-0.07) a higher probability of experiencing pain relative to their peers who reported a more financially advantaged early life. CONCLUSIONS Findings of the present study add to the empirical literature on the association between early life factors and later life health and well-being. They also are pertinent to health care providers and practitioners working in pain management, as this knowledge better positions them to identify older adults most susceptible to pain. Moreover, findings of our study underscore that the interventions to ensure health and well-being in later life must start far earlier in the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waquar Ahmed
- School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Manacy Pai
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - T Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
| | - Chanda Maurya
- Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Parimala Mohanty
- Institute of Medical Sciences … Sum Hospital, Siksha "O" Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Nargis Begum Javed
- Department of Public health, College of Health sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Qaisar R, Karim A, Muhammad T, Alkahtani SA, Kamli H, Ahmad F. Degradation of neuromuscular junction contributes to muscle weakness but not physical compromise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients taking lipids-lowering medications. Respir Med 2023:107298. [PMID: 37245649 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The relevant data about the effects and the associated mechanisms of statins on muscle strength and physical capacity is inconsistent. We investigated the potential contribution of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) degradation to muscle weakness and physical compromise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on statins. METHOD We recruited male COPD patients (age range = 63-75 years, n = 150) as nonusers (n = 71) and users of statin medications (n = 79) along with age-matched controls (n = 76). The COPD patients were evaluated at baseline and one year later. The data about handgrip strength (HGS), body composition, short physical performance battery (SPPB), and plasma c-terminal agrin fragment-22 (CAF22) as a marker of NMJ disintegration was collected at two time points. RESULTS We observed lower HGS, SPPB scores, and higher CAF22 levels in all COPD patients than controls, irrespective of the treatment status (all p < 0.05). Statins further reduced HGS and elevated CAF22 in COPD patients (both p < 0.05). The decline in SPPB was relatively modest in statin users (≈3.7%, p = 0.032) than in nonusers (≈8.7%, p = 0.002). The elevated plasma CAF22 exhibited robust negative correlations with a reduction in HGS but not with SPPB in COPD patients taking statins. We also found a reduction in markers of inflammation and no increase in oxidative stress markers following statin use in COPD patients. CONCLUSION Altogether, statin-induced NMJ degradation exacerbates muscle decline but does not contribute to physical compromise in COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Qaisar
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Asima Karim
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- Department of Biochemistry, Gomal Medical College, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, 30130, Pakistan
| | - Shaea A Alkahtani
- Exercise Physiology Department, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam Kamli
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firdos Ahmad
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Cardiovascular Research Group, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, 59911, United Arab Emirates
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Mandal B, Pradhan KC, Mohanty P, Muhammad T. Migration status, physical limitations and associated self-rated health: a study of older Indian adults. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:316. [PMID: 37217859 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migrant status with mobility impairment becomes a double burden for health and wellbeing of older adults. This study examined the independent relationships and multitude effects between migrant status, functional and mobility impairments and poor self-rated health (SRH) among older Indian adults. METHODS This study utilised nationally representative Longitudinal Ageing Study in India wave-1 (LASI) data, including a sample of 30,736 individuals aged 60 years and above. The main explanatory variables were migrant status, difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL), difficulty in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and mobility impairments; and the outcome variable was poor-SRH. Multivariable logistic regression and stratified analyses were used to fulfil the study objectives. RESULTS Overall, about 23% of older adults reported poor-SRH. Reporting poor-SRH was more prevalent (28.03%) among recent migrants (less than ten years). The prevalence of reporting poor-SRH was significantly higher among older adults who had mobility impairment (28.65%), difficulty in ADL or IADL (40.82% & 32.57%). Migrant older adults (regardless of duration) who had mobility impairment had significantly greater odds of reporting poor-SRH compared with non-migrant older adults who did not have mobility impairment. Similarly, older respondents who had problems in ADL and IADL with migration status had higher odds of reporting poor-SRH than their non-migrant counterparts with no such problems. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed the vulnerability of migrant older adults with functional and mobility disability, as well as those with limited socioeconomic resources and suffering from multimorbidity on rating their perceived health. The findings can be utilised to target outreach programmes and provision of services for migrating older individuals with mobility impairments and enhance their perceived health and ensure active ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bittu Mandal
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, 453552, Indore, India.
| | - Kalandi Charan Pradhan
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, 453552, Indore, India
| | - Parimala Mohanty
- Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha "O" Anusandhan, Bhubaneswar, 751030, Odisha, India
| | - T Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, Maharashtra, India
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Muhammad T, Pai M, Afsal K, Saravanakumar P, Irshad CV. The association between loneliness and life satisfaction: examining spirituality, religiosity, and religious participation as moderators. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:301. [PMID: 37193948 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Future cohort of older adults may have to rely on non-family sources and forms of support, religion being one of them. This may be especially so, considering the recent longitudinal evidence that individuals are inclined to become more religious with increasing age. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to assess the association between loneliness and life satisfaction among older adults in India, and the extent to which the association between loneliness and life satisfaction is moderated by spirituality, religiosity, and religious participation. METHODS Data come from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, with a sample of 31,464 individuals aged 60 years and above. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to examine the independent association of loneliness and life satisfaction. Further, an interaction analysis was conducted to examine the extent to which the association between perceived loneliness and life satisfaction is moderated by spirituality, religiosity and religious participation among older Indians. RESULTS The prevalence of low life satisfaction (LLS) was 30.84%; a total of 37.25% of participants reported feeling lonely, 12.54% reported a lack of spiritual experience, 21.24% reported not being religious, and 19.31% reported not participating in religious activities. Older adults who felt lonely had higher odds of LLS relative to peers who were not lonely. Further, the adverse impact of loneliness on LLS among older Indians is moderated by their spirituality, religiosity, and religious participation. Specifically, the adverse impact of loneliness on LLS was less negatively pronounced among older adults who were spiritual, religious, and engaged in religious activities. CONCLUSIONS The study found an independent association between loneliness and lower life satisfaction among older adults in India. It also revealed that religiosity, spirituality and religious participation moderate the association between loneliness and lower life satisfaction. These findings, which underscore the health promoting benefits of religiosity and religious engagement, may be used to build on the interaction between religious and faith-based groups and public health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India.
| | - Manacy Pai
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA
| | - K Afsal
- Department of Migration & Urban Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, 400088, India
| | - Priya Saravanakumar
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Building 10, Level 7, 235 Jones St, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - C V Irshad
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India
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Maurya C, Muhammad T, Das A, Fathah A, Dhillon P. The role of self-efficacy and parental communication in the association between cyber victimization and depression among adolescents and young adults: a structural equation model. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:337. [PMID: 37173695 PMCID: PMC10176763 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04841-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the rapid advancement and revolutionization of information and communication technologies, adolescents and young adults use smartphones, the internet, and social networking services more frequently, as a result, the problem of cyber-bullying sharply increases, and eventually it causes psychological issues and negative thoughts in the victims. This study aimed to examine the role of self-efficacy and parental communication in the relationship between cyber victimization and depression among adolescents and young adults in India. METHODS Secondary data analysis was performed on a cross-sectional dataset obtained from the Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) wave 2 survey. The sample included 16,292 adolescent and young adult boys and girls aged 12-23 years. Karl Pearson Correlation coefficient analysis was done to examine the correlation between outcome variable (depressive symptoms), mediator variables (self-efficacy and parental communication) and key explanatory variable (cyber victimization). Further, structural equation modeling technique was applied to examine the hypothesized pathways. RESULTS Adolescents and young adults being victims of cyber-bullying [β = 0.1357, p < 0.001] and those witnessed inter-parental violence were positively [β = 0.0026, p < 0.001] correlated with depressive symptoms. Self-efficacy and parental communication were negatively related to depressive symptoms among adolescents and young adults. There was a significant positive relationship between cyber victimization [β = 0.258, p < 0.001] and depressive symptoms. Cyber victimization was positively related to self-efficacy [β = 0.043, p < 0.001] among adolescents and young adults. Self-efficacy [β= -0.150, p < 0.001] and parental communication [β=-0.261, p < 0.001] reduced depressive symptoms among the participants. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that adolescents and young adults who are victims of cyber-bully may have depressive symptoms and their mental health can be improved through the enhancement of self-efficacy and increased parental communication. Improved peer attitudes and familial support for empowering cyber victims should be taken into account while framing programs and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanda Maurya
- Department of Survey Research & Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
| | - T Muhammad
- Department of Family & Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Ayushi Das
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Abdul Fathah
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Preeti Dhillon
- Department of Survey Research & Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
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Maurya C, Muhammad T, Thakkar S. Examining the relationship between risky sexual behavior and suicidal thoughts among unmarried adolescents in India. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7733. [PMID: 37173519 PMCID: PMC10182050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34975-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Addressing the problem of suicidal thoughts in adolescents requires understanding the associated risk factors. Multiple studies have shown that risky sexual behavior affected the adolescents' psychological health that leads to their suicidal thoughts, behaviors and attempts. This study aimed to identify the association between various risky sexual behaviours and suicidal thoughts among unmarried adolescents in India. We used data collected from 4221 unmarried adolescent boys and 5987 unmarried adolescent girls aged 10-19 years, from the two rounds of the Understanding the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (UDAYA) survey. Descriptive analysis was done to observe changes in the selected variables from wave-1 to wave-2. Random effect regression analysis was used to estimate the association of suicidal thoughts among unmarried adolescents with their risky sexual behaviours. The percentage of adolescent boys having suicidal thoughts increased from 1.35% in wave 1 to 2.19% in wave 2. Among adolescent girls, the percentage increased from 2.92% in wave 1 to 5.05% in wave 2. A proportion of 3.26% adolescent boys had more than one sexual partner during wave 1 whereas in wave 2, it rose to 8.71%, while in case of adolescent girls, the estimates only increased from 0.26% at wave 1 to 0.78% at wave 2. Nearly 4.55% boys and 1.37% girls had early sexual debut. Almost five percentage boys were sexually active at wave 1 whereas in wave 2, it rose to 13.56%, while among adolescent girls, the estimates decreased from 1.54% at wave 1 to 1.51% at wave 2. Contraceptive use increased over time among both adolescent boy and girls. Also, a large proportion of adolescent boys reported watching pornography (27.08% at waive 1 and 49.39% at wave 2) compared to adolescent girls (4.46% at wave 1 and 13.10% at wave 2). Adolescents who had more than one sexual partner [Coef: 0.04; p < 0.001], exposed to early sexual debut [Coef; 0.019; p < 0.01], sexually active [Coef: 0.058; p < 0.001] and reported watching pornography [Coef: 0.017; p < 0.001] were more likely to have suicidal thoughts. Adolescent boys and girls with risky sexual behaviors are likely to be at a higher risk of suicidal ideation, and thus, they should be treated with special care and attention by local healthcare practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanda Maurya
- Department of Survey Research and Data Analytics, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - T Muhammad
- Department of Family and Generations, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
| | - Shriya Thakkar
- Department of Sociology, Louisiana State University, 26, Stubbs Hall, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
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Srivastava S, Mohanty P, Muhammad T, Kumar M. Socio-economic inequalities in non-use of modern contraceptives among young and non-young married women in India. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:797. [PMID: 37127678 PMCID: PMC10150497 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15669-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is documented that married women do not utilize contraceptive methods, because of the fear of adverse effects, no or seldom sexual interaction; perception that they should not use contraception during breastfeeding, postpartum amenorrhea, or dissatisfaction with a specific method of contraception. The current study aimed to examine the socio-economic inequalities associated with the non-use of modern contraceptive methods among young (15-24 years) and non-young (25-49 years) married women and the contributing factors in those inequalities. METHODS The present study utilized the cross-sectional data from the fourth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) with a sample of 499,627 women who were currently married. The modern methods of family planning include sterilization, injectables, intrauterine devices (IUDs/PPIUDs), contraceptive pills, implants, the standard days method, condoms, diaphragm, foam/jelly, the lactational amenorrhea method, and emergency contraception. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds of non-use of modern contraceptive methods according to different age groups after controlling for various confounding factors. Additionally, concentration curve and Wagstaff decomposition method were used in the study. RESULTS The prevalence of non-use of modern contraceptive use was higher among women from young category (79.0%) than non-young category (45.8%). The difference in prevalence was significant (33.2%; p < 0.001). Women from non-young age group had 39% significantly lower odds of non-use of modern contraceptive use than women from young age group (15-24 years) [AOR: 0.23; CI: 0.23, 0.23]. The value of concentration quintile was -0.022 for young and -0.058 for non-young age groups which also confirms that the non-use of modern contraceptives was more concentrated among women from poor socio-economic group and the inequality is higher among non-young women compared to young women. About 87.8 and 55.5% of the socio-economic inequality was explained by wealth quintile for modern contraceptive use in young and non-young women. A higher percent contribution of educational status (56.8%) in socio-economic inequality in non-use of modern contraceptive use was observed in non-young women compared to only -6.4% in young women. Further, the exposure to mass media was a major contributor to socio-economic inequality in young (35.8%) and non-young (43.2%) women. CONCLUSION Adverse socioeconomic and cultural factors like low levels of education, no exposure to mass media, lack of or limited knowledge about family planning, poor household wealth status, religion, and ethnicity remain impediments to the use of modern contraceptives. Thus, the current findings provide evidence to promote and enhance the use of modern contraceptives by reducing socioeconomic inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobhit Srivastava
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India
| | - Parimala Mohanty
- Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha "O" Anusandhan Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - T Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India.
| | - Manish Kumar
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India
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Chen X, Hou Y, Kastner T, Liu L, Zhang Y, Yin T, Li M, Malik A, Li M, Thorp KR, Han S, Liu Y, Muhammad T, Liu J, Li Y. Physical and virtual nutrient flows in global telecoupled agricultural trade networks. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2391. [PMID: 37100817 PMCID: PMC10130181 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38094-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Global agricultural trade creates multiple telecoupled flows of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). The flows of physical and virtual nutrients along with trade have discrepant effects on natural resources in different countries. However, existing literature has not quantified or analyzed such effects yet. Here we quantified the physical and virtual N and P flows embedded in the global agricultural trade networks from 1997 to 2016 and elaborated components of the telecoupling framework. The N and P flows both increased continuously and more than 25% of global consumption of nutrients in agricultural products were related to physical nutrient flows, while virtual nutrient flows were equivalent to one-third of the nutrients inputs into global agricultural system. These flows have positive telecoupling effects on saving N and P resources at the global scale. Reducing inefficient trade flows will enhance resource conservation, environmental sustainability in the hyper-globalized world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, 100083, Beijing, China
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Yue Hou
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
- China International Engineer Consulting Cooperation Overseas Consulting Co., Ltd., 100048, Beijing, China
| | - Thomas Kastner
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany
| | - Liu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, 100083, Beijing, China
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqian Zhang
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA
| | - Tuo Yin
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Mo Li
- School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, Shenzhen, China
| | - Arunima Malik
- ISA, School of Physics A28, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Accounting, The University of Sydney Business School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mengyu Li
- Discipline of Accounting, The University of Sydney Business School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kelly R Thorp
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, 21881 N Cardon Ln., Maricopa, AZ, USA
| | - Siqi Han
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoze Liu
- Department of Environmental and Sustainable Engineering, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, 210098, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48823, USA.
| | - Yunkai Li
- National Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, 100083, Beijing, China.
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, 100083, Beijing, China.
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Xu K, Su X, Fang K, Lv Y, Huang T, Li M, Wang Z, Yin Y, Muhammad T, Liu S, Chen X, Jiang J, Li J, Chan WY, Ma J, Lu G, Chen ZJ, Liu H. The slingshot phosphatase 2 is required for acrosome biogenesis during spermatogenesis in mice. eLife 2023; 12:83129. [PMID: 36942942 PMCID: PMC10065795 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The acrosome is a membranous organelle positioned in the anterior portion of the sperm head and is essential for male fertility. Acrosome biogenesis requires the dynamic cytoskeletal shuttling of vesicles towards nascent acrosome which is regulated by a series of accessory proteins. However, much remains unknown about the molecular basis underlying this process. Here, we generated Ssh2 knock-out (KO) mice and HA-tagged Ssh2 knock-in (KI) mice to define the functions of Slingshot phosphatase 2 (SSH2) in spermatogenesis and demonstrated that as a regulator of actin remodeling, SSH2 is essential for acrosome biogenesis and male fertility. In Ssh2 KO males, spermatogenesis was arrested at the early spermatid stage with increased apoptotic index and the impaired acrosome biogenesis was characterized by defective transport/fusion of proacrosomal vesicles. Moreover, disorganized F-actin structures accompanied by excessive phosphorylation of COFILIN were observed in the testes of Ssh2 KO mice. Collectively, our data reveal a modulatory role for SSH2 in acrosome biogenesis through COFILIN-mediated actin remodeling and the indispensability of this phosphatase in male fertility in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianwei Su
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kailun Fang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Lv
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengjing Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yingying Yin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tahir Muhammad
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shangming Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biolog, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biolog, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wai-Yee Chan
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinlong Ma
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gang Lu
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Muhammad T, Sulaiman KM, Ansari S. A positive correlation between daily spiritual practice and reduced depressive symptoms among older adults: evidence from a nationally representative survey among the Indian population. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:273-285. [PMID: 36594206 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explored the factors associated with daily spiritual experiences of older adults and the association of daily spiritual experiences with major depressive disorder among older Indian adults. METHODS Data for this study were derived from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-1. The sample size was 31 464 older adults age 60 years and above. Daily spiritual experience was assessed from four items (Cronbach's alpha: 0.89) adapted from the daily spiritual experience scale (DSES). Major depressive disorder was calculated using the Short Form Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-SF). Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable forward stepwise logistic regression analyses were conducted to fulfil the objectives of the study. RESULTS A proportion of 87.46% of older adults reported daily spiritual experiences in the study. Women had higher odds of spiritual experiences than men (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.243; confidence interval (CI): 1.041-1.484). Older adults with higher education, those who were retired, those who reported community involvement or were physically active or belonged to the richest wealth quintile had higher odds of having daily spiritual experiences in comparison to older adults from the poorest wealth quintile. Further, older adults with daily spiritual experiences had significantly lower odds of major depressive disorder (aOR: 0.810; CI: 0.681-0.964) than older adults who did not report daily spiritual experiences. CONCLUSION The study suggests that daily spiritual practices can be a strategy to reduce major depressive symptoms and improve mental health and wellbeing of older adults, and future studies are warranted on this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Muhammad
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - K M Sulaiman
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Salmaan Ansari
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
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