1
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Almomani N, Abu Heshmeh S, Mukattash TL, Al Hamarneh YN. Colorectal cancer screening among the public: knowledge, attitudes, and the perceived barriers. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:2578-2592. [PMID: 37730203 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2260320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC)1 screening tests help in early detection of CRC and improve disease prognosis. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, and barriers to CRC screening and the associated factors among the general population in Jordan. A validated self-administered online survey was distributed on 1542 individuals in Jordan. The participants (n = 1542) reported several barriers and demonstrated insufficient knowledge but positive attitude towards CRC screening. Older age (OR = 1.021, 95% CI = 1.010-1.032, P < 0.001), working in medical field (OR = 3.198, 95% CI = 2.499-4.092, P < 0.001), family history of cancer (OR = 1.248, 95% CI = 1.002-1.555, P < 0.05), and knowing someone with CRC (OR = 1.601, 95% CI = 1.186-2.161, P < 0.01) were significantly associated with higher knowledge. Personal history of CRC (OR = 3.157, 95% CI = 1.188-8.387, P < 0.05), and high knowledge of CRC (OR = 2.795, 95% CI = 2.242-3.484, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with the positive attitude. Future healthcare programs should devise effective techniques to improve public understanding and perception of CRC screening and overcome the identified barriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, AL Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nadeen Almomani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shrouq Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yazid N Al Hamarneh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
S. Jarab A, Muflih S, Almomani R, Abu Heshmeh S, Abu Hammour K, L. Mukattash T, Al-Qerem W, Alefishat EA. Hospital pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes and practice of pharmaceutical care and the barriers for its implementation at the hospital setting. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28227. [PMID: 38644867 PMCID: PMC11033057 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess hospital pharmacists' understanding of pharmaceutical care and their attitudes regarding the adoption of the patient-centered model, as well as investigate Jordan's current state of pharmaceutical care implementation and the associated barriers. Methods A validated survey was distributed to hospital pharmacists in different major tertiary hospitals in Jordan. The study questionnaire contained five sections to assess sociodemographic characteristics, pharmacists' understanding of pharmaceutical care, attitudes towards pharmaceutical care, potential barriers that may limit the delivery of pharmaceutical care, and the extent of pharmaceutical care implementation in the hospital setting. Results The survey was completed by 152 hospital pharmacists. Participants in this study demonstrated adequate levels of knowledge about pharmaceutical care (Mean = 9.36 out of 11, SD = 1.23) and expressed favorable perceptions of pharmaceutical care (mean = 3.77 out of 5; SD = 0.7). Although more than one-third of the pharmacists practiced pharmaceutical care, the study revealed a number of impediments to the delivery of pharmacological care services. Regression analysis revealed that age (P < 0.05) and years of experience (P < 0.05) were significant predictors of knowledge, while age (P < 0.05), gender (P < 0.05), the graduation university (governmental vs. private) (P < 0.05), and years of experience (P < 0.05) were significant predictors of attitude. Furthermore, Doctor of Pharmacy degree holders had fewer barriers to pharmaceutical care implementation but were more actively involved in pharmaceutical care practice than those with a Bachelor of Pharmacy degree (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 respectively). Pharmacists with a Master's degree or higher in pharmacy were more actively involved in pharmaceutical care practice than those with a Bachelor of Pharmacy degree (P < 0.05). Pharmacists working in the Ministry of Health and the Royal Medical Services experienced more barriers than those working in teaching hospitals (P < 0.05). Conclusions Although the current study indicated high knowledge and perceptions regarding pharmaceutical care among hospital pharmacists, the provision of pharmaceutical care is not widely practiced in Jordan. Moreover, several barriers to the practice of pharmaceutical care were identified, highlighting the need for effective strategies to be put in place to overcome these obstacles. These strategies should include increasing the number of pharmacy staff, resolving timing issues, providing adequate financial initiatives, improving communication skills, changing the layout of pharmacies to include a private counseling room, developing specific policies that support the role of the pharmacist in patient care, and providing effective training and continuing professional education programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S. Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology. P.O. Box 3030. Irbid, 22110, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, AL Ain University, P. O. Box: 122612, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Suhaib Muflih
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology. P.O. Box 3030. Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Rawan Almomani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology. P.O. Box 3030. Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Shrouq Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology. P.O. Box 3030. Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Khawla Abu Hammour
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Jordan, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology. P.O. Box 3030. Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan. P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Eman A. Alefishat
- Department of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, the University of Jordan, Jordan
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jarab AS, Al-Alawneh TO, Alshogran OY, Heshmeh SA, Mukattash TL, Naser YA, Alefishat E. Knowledge and attitude of healthcare prescribers and pharmacists toward antimicrobial stewardship program and the barriers for its implementation. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2024; 13:35. [PMID: 38566242 PMCID: PMC10985862 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-024-01382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial stewardship (ASP) is considered a key prevention strategy in addressing the worldwide concern of accelerating antimicrobial resistance. Limited research is available regarding healthcare providers' knowledge and attitude toward antimicrobial stewardship and the barriers for its implementation. METHODS The present cross-sectional study was conducted on pharmacists and healthcare prescribers (HCPs) in different hospital sites across Jordan. A validated survey was used to evaluate HCPs and pharmacists' knowledge, and attitudes towards ASP and the barriers for its implementation. Logistic and linear regression were conducted to identify the factors associated with knowledge and attitude toward ASP, respectively. RESULTS A total of 603 participants, 69 (11.4%) pharmacists and 534 (88.6%) HCPs completed the study questionnaire, with a response rate of 80.4%. The overall mean knowledge about ASP was 7.16 out of 10, ranging from 0 to 10 (SD 2.22). Being a pharmacist and increased awareness/familiarity about ASP were associated with improved ASP knowledge. The overall average attitude score was = 3.8 ± 0.49 (range: 1.8-4.8). Results revealed that being a pharmacist and improved knowledge were associated with improved attitude toward ASP. Lack of specialized staff with expertise in ASP and lack of access to education and training programs were the major barriers hinder ASP implementation. CONCLUSION Despite the reasonable knowledge and the positive attitude toward the ASP, several barriers were reported, particularly by the pharmacists. Therefore, promoting the presence of adequately skilled healthcare personnel, creating easily accessible online courses, and establishing a comprehensive database of ASP resources are all suggested approaches to improve the application of ASP in healthcare settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110, Irbid, P.O. Box 3030, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, AL Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tasneem O Al-Alawneh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110, Irbid, P.O. Box 3030, Jordan
| | - Osama Y Alshogran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110, Irbid, P.O. Box 3030, Jordan
| | - Shrouq Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110, Irbid, P.O. Box 3030, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 22110, Irbid, P.O. Box 3030, Jordan
| | - Yara A Naser
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL, Belfast, UK
| | - Eman Alefishat
- Department of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, 11942, Amman, Jordan.
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Alzoubi KH, Abu Heshmeh S, Alzoubi ANA, Mukattash TL, Alazab B, Al Hamarneh YN. Public perception, satisfaction and expectations from community pharmacy services and the barriers to consult the community pharmacist. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:1627-1637. [PMID: 37431850 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2231364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate public perception, satisfaction, expectations, and barriers to utilize the community pharmacy services. A validated self-reported online survey was distributed on 681 individuals in different regions across Jordan. The mean age of the participants was 29 (±10) years. The most reported reason for choosing a particular community pharmacy was its closure to home or workplace (79.1%), while the main reason for visiting a community pharmacy was to obtain over the counter medications (66.2%). The participants showed good perception, satisfaction, and expectations of community pharmacy services. However, several barriers were identified, including higher participants' trust in physicians when compared to pharmacists (63.1%), and lack of privacy in the pharmacy (45.7%). Community pharmacists should participate in successful education and training programs in order to raise the quality of the provided services, meet patient requirements, and re-establish consumer confidence in community pharmacists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shrouq Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Nor Aldin Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Badi'ah Alazab
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yazid N Al Hamarneh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Harahsheh MM, Mukattash TL, Al-Shatnawi S, Abu-Farha R, Abuhammad S, D'Arcy D, Jarab A. Community Pharmacists' Current Practice and Educational Needs in Breastfeeding Support in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Hum Lact 2024; 40:132-142. [PMID: 37994528 DOI: 10.1177/08903344231206394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving breastfeeding practices is a worldwide priority. Pharmacists have the opportunity to actively promote breastfeeding and educate parents as well as the general public about its benefits. RESEARCH AIMS The aims of this study are to investigate Jordanian pharmacists' present breastfeeding support practices and perceptions regarding their need for education and training in breastfeeding support. METHODS To examine sociodemographic characteristics of community pharmacists in Jordan and their current breastfeeding support practices and educational needs, a descriptive cross-sectional online (self-report) survey was conducted. Through social media, pharmacists working in community pharmacies in Jordan were recruited between August 2021 and February 2022. The level of breastfeeding support participants had been provided with was measured using eight items in a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 5 (Always) to 1 (Never). Each participant self-reported the frequency of advice/information given to breastfeeding women in each of these areas. Univariate and multivariable linear regression models were used to identify factors associated with the level of breastfeeding support. RESULTS Participants (N = 381) reported a high level of breastfeeding support, but expressed a need for training and education for further improvement. The breastfeeding support score of female participants was found to be 0.12 higher than that of males (Beta = 0.12, p = .02), 0.16 higher in married participants compared to non-married participants (Beta = 0.16, p = .03), and 0.10 higher in participants working in rural areas compared to those working in urban areas (Beta = 0.10, p = .04). CONCLUSION While community pharmacists generally report a high level of breastfeeding support, our findings revealed demographic differences. Attention to specific areas of need might enhance what pharmacists could offer; however, additional research would be required to guide the specific educational content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mea'ad M Harahsheh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Samah Al-Shatnawi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rana Abu-Farha
- Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sawsan Abuhammad
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Deirdre D'Arcy
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anan Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- Collage of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab of Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Alzoubi KH, Almomani N, Abu Heshmeh SR, Mukattash TL, Al Hamarneh YN, Al Momany EM. Role of Community Pharmacist in Asthma Management: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:11-19. [PMID: 38192737 PMCID: PMC10771773 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s442396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate knowledge, attitude, and practice of asthma management counseling and the perceived barriers by community pharmacists. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 416 community pharmacists using an online-based questionnaire. The questionnaire included five parts that assessed socio-demographics and medical references used to seek drug-related information, pharmacists' knowledge (7 items), attitudes (5 items), practice (22 items) and the barriers for the provision of asthma management counseling (10 items). Binary logistic regression was conducted to find the variables that were significantly and independently associated with knowledge, attitude and asthma management counseling practice. Results Increased years of experience was associated with decreased knowledge (OR = 0.918, 95% Cl (0.869:0.970), P = 0.002) and less positive attitude toward asthma management (OR = 0.876, 95% Cl. (0.821:0.935), P < 0.001), while working in independent community pharmacy (OR = 2.097, 95% Cl. (1.273:3.454), P = 0.004) and increased awareness of asthma management guidelines (OR = 1.60, 95% CI. (1.044:2.453), P = 0.031) increased the odds of being in the high knowledge group. In contrast, increasing the daily number of pharmacy visitors OR = 1.009, 95% Cl. (1.001:1.016), P = 0.024) and having a pharmacy degree (OR = 2.330, 95% Cl. (1.256:4.326), P = 0.007) increased the odds of having a positive attitude. Male pharmacists (OR = 0.553, 95% Cl. (0.350:0.873), P = 0.011) and having bachelor in pharmacy (OR = 0.354, 95% Cl. (0.179:0.700), P = 0.003) decreased the odds of being in the high practice group. On the other hand, increased awareness of asthma management guidelines tripled the odds of being in the high practice group (OR = 3.067, 95% Cl. (1.964:4.787), P < 0.001). Conclusion The current study findings offer valuable insights into the gaps in knowledge, attitude, and practice of asthma management counseling among community pharmacists, as well as the barriers and factors that impede the provision of these services. These insights serve as a guide for developing future strategies aimed at enhancing the role of pharmacists in asthma care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nadeen Almomani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shrouq Riad Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Enaam M Al Momany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Itani R, Khojah HMJ, Karout S, Rahme D, Hammoud L, Awad R, Abu-Farha R, Mukattash TL, Raychouni H, El-Lakany A. Acinetobacter baumannii: assessing susceptibility patterns, management practices, and mortality predictors in a tertiary teaching hospital in Lebanon. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2023; 12:136. [PMID: 38031181 PMCID: PMC10685635 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-023-01343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acinetobacter baumannii is a major nosocomial pathogen capable of causing life-threatening infections. This bacterium is highly resistant to antibiotics and associated with high mortality rates. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate A. baumannii's susceptibility patterns to antimicrobials, assess the appropriateness of the initiated antimicrobial therapy, determine the mortality rate, and identify predictors associated with mortality. METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted among patients infected with A. baumannii at a university hospital in Lebanon through the revision of medical records. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank tests were used to analyze time-to-mortality. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of mortality. RESULTS The records of 188 patients were screened, and 111 patients with A. baumannii infection were enrolled. Almost all isolates were resistant to carbapenem, and 43% of the isolates were extensively-drug resistant. Almost half of the patients received initial inappropriate antimicrobial therapy (n = 50, 45.1%). The 30-day mortality rate associated with A. baumannii infection was 71.2% (79/111). The time to mortality in patients who received inappropriate antimicrobial therapy (5.70 ± 1.07 days) was significantly shorter than in those who received appropriate antimicrobial therapy (12.43 ± 1.01 days, P < 0.01). Binary logistic regression revealed that inappropriate antimicrobial therapy (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 16.22, 95% CI 2.68-9.97, P = 0.002), mechanical ventilation (AOR = 14.72, 95% CI 3.27-6.61, P < 0.001), and thrombocytopenia (AOR = 8.82, 95% CI 1.12-9.75, P = 0.003) were more likely associated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS A. baumannii exhibits an alarming mortality rate among infected patients. Thrombocytopenia, mechanical ventilation, and inappropriate antibiotic administration are associated with mortality in patients infected with A. baumannii. The prompt initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy, infection control measures, and effective stewardship program are crucial to reduce the incidence of A. baumannii and improve the treatment outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Itani
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, 1107 2809, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani M J Khojah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, P.O. Box: 30051, 41477, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Karout
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, 1107 2809, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Deema Rahme
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, 1107 2809, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, Lebanon
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lara Hammoud
- Pharmacy Department, Hammoud Hospital University Medical Center, Sidon, Lebanon
| | - Reem Awad
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, 1107 2809, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rana Abu-Farha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, P.O. Box: 11931, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Hamza Raychouni
- Intensive Care Unit, Central Military Hospital, Military Healthcare, Lebanese Army, Beirut, Lebanon
- Intensive Care Unit, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdalla El-Lakany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, 1107 2809, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Alajlouni HY, Alzoubi KH, Abu Heshmeh S, Mukattash TL, Naser AY, Al Hamarneh YN. Public knowledge and attitude towards drug-food interactions: implications for improved public health safety. Int J Environ Health Res 2023:1-11. [PMID: 38007813 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2286007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Drug-Food Interaction (DFI) can potentially lead to treatment ineffectiveness and adverse health outcomes. This study investigated knowledge and attitude towards DFI and the associated factors. A validated questionnaire was distributed to 2040 participants across Jordan. The participants had moderate knowledge and attitudes regarding DFIs. Regression results revealed that male gender, lower education level, not working in the healthcare sector, and utilizing non-scientific sources of information about DFIs were associated with lower knowledge about DFI. Furthermore, male gender, being unmarried, having a low or moderate education level, not working in the healthcare sector, not having a family member with chronic disease, and having low knowledge of DFI were significantly associated with negative attitudes towards DFIs. Future health education programs should emphasize using reliable scientific sources to enhance awareness about DFIs'. Additionally, healthcare professionals should counsel patients on avoiding DFIs and provide guidance accordingly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, AL Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Haya Y Alajlouni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shrouq Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdallah Y Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yazid N Al Hamarneh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jarab AS, Al-Azzam SI, Al-Mutairi S, Abu Heshmeh S, Mukattash TL, AL-Qerem W, Beiram R, Aburuz S. Community pharmacists' knowledge and awareness about isotretinoin therapy and its dispensing practice in Jordan. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22354. [PMID: 38053915 PMCID: PMC10694323 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A validated self-reported questionnaire was used to evaluate pharmacists' knowledge about isotretinoin and their awareness of isotretinoin dispensing practice. The majority were not able to recognize the initial dose of isotretinoin, the potential side effects such as dyslipidemia and liver toxicity, the potential interaction with tetracycline and Vitamin A and the contraindications of isotretinoin. Around 41.3 % of the pharmacists dispensed isotretinoin without a prescription, and the majority did not recognize that isotretinoin should be dispensed for only 30 days, should not be dispensed without an emphasis on the appropriate indication, and did not know the appropriate duration of isotretinoin therapy. Male gender and postgraduate degree were associated with better awareness, while increased work experience and postgraduate degree were associated with better knowledge about isotretinoin therapy. Nevertheless, both male and female pharmacists demonstrated equivalent knowledge levels. The current study demonstrates the need to implement educational programs to improve pharmacists' knowledge and awareness about isotretinoin and its dispensing practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S. Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sayer I. Al-Azzam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | | | - Shrouq Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Walid AL-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Rami Beiram
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salah Aburuz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jarab AS, Hamam HW, Al-Qerem WA, Heshmeh SRA, Mukattash TL. Blood pressure control and its associated factors among patients with heart failure in Jordan. J Hum Hypertens 2023; 37:977-984. [PMID: 36774405 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-023-00807-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events including heart failure. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with poor BP control among patients with heart failure at two major outpatient cardiology clinics in Jordan. Variables including socio-demographics, biomedical variables, in addition to disease and medication characteristics were collected using medical records and custom-designed questionnaire. The validated 4-item Medication Adherence Scale was used to assess medication adherence. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the significant and independent predictors of poor BP control. Regression analysis results revealed that being not satisfied with the prescribed medication (OR = 2.882; 95% CI: 1.458-5.695; P < 0.01), reporting moderate medication adherence (OR = 0.203; 95% CI: 22 0.048-0.863; P < 0.05), not receiving digoxin (OR = 3.423; 95% CI: 1.346-8.707; P < 0.05), and not receiving aldosterone antagonist (OR = 2.044; 95% CI: 1.038-4.025; P < 0.05) were associated with poor BP control. Future interventions should focus on increasing medication satisfaction and enhancing medication adherence, in order to improve BP control among patients with heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hanan W Hamam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Walid A Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Shrouq R Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Alzoubi KH, Abu Heshmeh S, Mukattash TL, Naser AY, Al Hamarneh YN. Health-related quality of life and its associated factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293342. [PMID: 37883370 PMCID: PMC10602230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to evaluate HRQOL and to explore the factors associated with poor HRQOL among patients with COPD. METHODS In the present cross-sectional study, the validated St George's Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD patients (SGRQ-C) was used to evaluate HRQOL among 702 patients with COPD at two major hospitals in Jordan in the period between January and April 2022. Quantile regression analysis was used to explore the factors associated with HRQOL among the study participants. RESULTS According to SGRQ-C, the HRQOL of the study participants was greatly impaired with a total SGRQ of 55.2 (34-67.8). The highest impairment in the HRQOL was in the impact domain with a median of 58.7 (29-76.3). Increased number of prescribed medications (β = 1.157, P<0.01), older age (β = 0.487, P<0.001), male gender (β = 5.364, P<0.01), low education level (β = 9.313, P<0.001), low and moderate average income (β = 6.440, P<0.05, and β = 6.997, P<0.01, respectively) were associated with poorer HRQOL. On the other hand, being married (β = -17.122, P<0.001), living in rural area (β = -6.994, P<0.01), non-use of steroids inhalers (β = -3.859, P<0.05), not receiving long acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) (β = -9.269, P<0.001), not receiving LABA (β = -8.243, P<0.001) and being adherent to the prescribed medications (β = -6.016, P<0.001) were associated with improved HRQOL. Furthermore, lower disease severity (stage A, B, and C) (β = -23.252, -10.389, and -9.696 respectively, P<0.001), and the absence of comorbidities (β = -14.303, P<0.001) were associated with better HRQOL. CONCLUSIONS In order to maximize HRQOL in patients with COPD, future COPD management interventions should adopt a multidisciplinary approach involving different healthcare providers, which aims to provide patient-centered care, implement personalized interventions, and improve medication adherence, particularly for patients who are elderly, males, have low socioeconomic status, receive multiple medications and have multiple comorbid diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S. Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shrouq Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdallah Y. Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yazid N. Al Hamarneh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
S. Jarab A, Al-Qerem WA, Hamam H, Abu Heshmeh S, Al-Azzam S, L. Mukattash T, Alefishat EA. Glycemic control and its associated factors among diabetic heart failure outpatients at two major hospitals in Jordan. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285142. [PMID: 37796848 PMCID: PMC10553218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with heart failure (HF) are generally at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes and having uncontrolled blood glucose. Furthermore, the prevalence of uncontrolled blood glucose in patients with HF is largely unknown. Identifying the factors associated with poor blood glucose control is a preliminary step in the development of effective intervention programs. The current cross-sectional study was conducted at two major hospitals to explore the factors associated with blood glucose control among patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes. In addition to sociodemographic, medical records were used to collect medical information and a validated questionnaire was used to evaluate medication adherence. Regression analysis showed that poor medication adherence (OR = 0.432; 95%CI 0.204-0.912; P<0.05) and increased white blood cells count (OR = 1.12; 95%CI 1.033-1.213; P<0.01) were associated with poor glycemic control. For enhancing blood glucose control among patients with HF and diabetes, future intervention programs should specifically target patients who have high WBC counts and poor medication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S. Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walid A. Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hanan Hamam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shrouq Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Sayer Al-Azzam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Eman A. Alefishat
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Alzoubi KH, Tharf M, Abu Heshmeh S, Al-Azayzih A, Mukattash TL, Akour A, Al Hamarneh YN. Patterns of drug-related problems and the services provided to optimize drug therapy in the community pharmacy setting. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101746. [PMID: 37649677 PMCID: PMC10462881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Drug-related problems (DRPs) are events or circumstances involving drug therapy that actually or potentially interferes with desired health outcomes. Objectives To assess community pharmacists' knowledge and practice regarding DRP-reduction services, as well as the barriers and factors associated with decreased provision of these services. Methods This cross-sectional study utilized a validated questionnaire to assess pharmacists' knowledge, practice, and barriers to the provision of DRP-reduction services in the community pharmacy setting. Binary regression model was used to assess the variables associated with the practice of DRP-reduction services. Results A total of 412 pharmacists participated in the study. The pharmacists demonstrated strong knowledge but inadequate practice of DRP-reduction services. The most reported DRPs were inappropriate combination of drugs, or drugs and herbal medications, or drugs and dietary supplements (52.4%), patients' inability to understand instructions properly (46.1%), inappropriate drug according to guidelines (43.7%), and too high dose (40.3%). The most common barriers to these services were increased workload (60.5%), limited time (53.2%), and lack of good communication skills (49.8%). The presence of a counselling area in the pharmacy increased the practice of DRP-reduction services (OR: 3.532, 95%Cl: 2.010-5.590, P < 0.001), while increased weekly working hours (OR: 0.966, 95%Cl: 0.947-0.986), P < 0.01) and serving < 10 patients daily (OR = 0.208, 95%Cl: 0.072-0.601, P < 0.01) decreased it. Conclusions Community pharmacists' practice of DRP-reduction services showed a scope for improvement. Future pharmaceutical care initiatives should increase the number of personnel working in the pharmacy and provide them with opportunities for continued education and training in order to improve the provision of DRP services and optimize patients' outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S. Jarab
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Tharf
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shrouq Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Al-Azayzih
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Amal Akour
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yazid N Al Hamarneh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abu-Farha R, Alzoubi KH, Abu Assab M, Awwad O, Gharaibeh L, Mukattash TL, Halboup AM. Perception and Willingness to Use Telepharmacy Among the General Population in Jordan. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:2131-2140. [PMID: 37650044 PMCID: PMC10464898 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s428470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This research aimed to explore how telepharmacy is perceived, whether it would be willingly used by the overall population in Jordan, and the associated socioeconomic disparities that might affect its acceptance. Methods This is a survey-based cross-sectional study involving the general public of Jordan. The study took place in various Jordanian cities from May 2nd to June 1st, 2023. Using Google forms, the questionnaire was shared through various social media channels (such as Facebook and WhatsApp). Results The questionnaire received responses from 800 participants. The data showed that a sizable portion of the Jordanian population were unaware of telepharmacy (n= 343, 42.9%), and a majority had never utilized it (n= 131, 16.4%). The participants viewed the main advantage of telepharmacy as minimizing unnecessary trips to pharmacies (n= 668, 83.5%) and reducing travel time and expenses (n= 632, 79.0%). However, the primary concern was the mental effort required to use this service (n= 465, 58.1%). Of the respondents, 61.3% (n= 490) indicated a willingness to adopt telepharmacy services in the future. Regression analysis indicated that men were more likely to use this service compared to women (OR= 1.947, p<0.001), and people living in northern and southern Jordan exhibited a greater willingness compared to those inhabiting the central region (OR= 2.168, p<0.001). Conclusion The results reveal a positive attitude towards and a significant readiness to embrace telepharmacy among the Jordanian population. However, for broader acceptance and utilization, apprehensions regarding the service need to be addressed. Doing so could improve access to pharmaceutical care, particularly for patients living in far-flung areas of Jordan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana Abu-Farha
- Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Abu Assab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Oriana Awwad
- Department Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Lobna Gharaibeh
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdulsalam M Halboup
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Science and Technology, Sana’a, Yemen
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Alzoubi KH, Obeidat H, Abu Heshmeh S, Mukattash TL, Naser YA, Al-Azayzih A. Artificial intelligence in pharmacy practice: Attitude and willingness of the community pharmacists and the barriers for its implementation. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101700. [PMID: 37555012 PMCID: PMC10404546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence (AI) is the capacity of machines to perform tasks that ordinarily require human intelligence. AI can be utilized in various pharmaceutical applications with less time and cost. OBJECTIVES To evaluate community pharmacists' willingness and attitudes towards the adoption of AI technology at pharmacy settings, and the barriers that hinder AI implementation. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among community pharmacists in Jordan using an online-based questionnaire. In addition to socio-demographics, the survey assessed pharmacists' willingness, attitudes, and barriers to AI adoption in pharmacy. Binary logistic regression was conducted to find the variables that are independently associated with willingness and attitude towards AI implementation. RESULTS The present study enrolled 401 pharmacist participants. The median age was 30 (29-33) years. Most of the pharmacists were females (66.6%), had bachelor's degree of pharmacy (56.1%), had low-income (54.6%), and had one to five years of experience (35.9%). The pharmacists showed good willingness and attitude towards AI implementation at pharmacy (n = 401). The most common barriers to AI were lack of AI-related software and hardware (79.2%), the need for human supervision (76.4%), and the high running cost of AI (74.6%). Longer weekly working hours (attitude: OR = 1.072, 95% C.I (1.040-1.104), P < 0.001, willingness: OR = 1.069, 95% Cl. 1.039-1.009, P-value = 0.011), and higher knowledge of AI applications (attitude: OR = 1.697, 95%Cl (1.327-2.170), willingness: OR = 1.790, 95%Cl. (1.396-2.297), P-value < 0.001 for both) were significantly associated with better willingness and attitude towards AI, whereas greater years of experience (OR = 20.859, 95% Cl (5.241-83.017), P-value < 0.001) were associated with higher willingness. In contrast, pharmacists with high income (OR = 0.382, 95% Cl. (0.183-0.795), P-value = 0.010), and those with<10 visitors (OR = 0.172, 95% Cl. (0.035-0.838), P-value = 0.029) or 31-50 visitors daily (OR = 0.392, 95% Cl. (0.162-0.944), P-value = 0.037) had less willingness to adopt AI. CONCLUSIONS Despite the pharmacists' positive willingness and attitudes toward AI, several barriers were identified, highlighting the importance of providing educational and training programs to improve pharmacists' knowledge of AI, as well as ensuring adequate funding support to overcome the issue of AI high operating costs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S. Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology. P.O. Box 3030. Irbid 22110, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, AL Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan. P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Haneen Obeidat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology. P.O. Box 3030. Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Shrouq Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology. P.O. Box 3030. Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology. P.O. Box 3030. Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Yara A. Naser
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Ahmad Al-Azayzih
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology. P.O. Box 3030. Irbid 22110, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jarab AS, Hamam HW, Al-Qerem WA, Heshmeh SRA, Mukattash TL, Alefishat EA. Health-related quality of life and its associated factors among outpatients with heart failure: a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2023; 21:73. [PMID: 37443053 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-023-02142-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart Failure (HF) is a chronic disease associated with life-limiting symptoms that could negatively impact patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study aimed to evaluate HRQOL and explore the factors associated with poor HRQOL among patients with HF in Jordan. METHODS This cross-sectional study used the validated Arabic version of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire to assess HRQOL in outpatients with HF visiting cardiology clinics at two public hospitals in Jordan. Variables were collected from medical records and custom-designed questionnaires, including socio-demographics, biomedical variables, and disease and medication characteristics. Ordinal regression analysis was used to explore variables associated with poor HRQOL among HF patients. RESULTS Ordinal regression analysis showed that the number of HF medications (P < 0.05) and not taking a loop diuretic (P < 0.05) significantly increased HRQOL, while the number of other chronic diseases (P < 0.05), stage III/IV of HF (P < 0.01), low monthly income (P < 0.05), and being unsatisfied with the prescribed medications (P < 0.05) significantly decreased HRQOL of HF patients. CONCLUSIONS Although the current study demonstrated low HRQOL among patients with HF in Jordan, HRQOL has a considerable opportunity for improvement in those patients. Variables identified in the present study, including low monthly income, higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes, a higher number of comorbidities, and/or taking a loop diuretic, should be considered in future intervention programs, aiming to improve HRQOL in patients with HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Hanan W Hamam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Walid A Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Shrouq R Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Eman A Alefishat
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
- Center For Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Shattat G, Abu Heshmeh S, Mukattash TL, Aburuz S. Adverse-drug reaction reporting by Pharm D students during hospital training. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:1149-1156. [PMID: 37273268 PMCID: PMC10236370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hospital pharmacists can play an important role in the detection, prevention, and reporting of adverse drug reaction (ADR) since they interact with patients in hospital settings. The ADR reporting practice by Pharm D students, who represent the future hospital pharmacists, has not been adequately investigated in the literature. Objective To evaluate Pharm D students' knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding ADR reporting, and the associated barriers and motivators to ADR reporting during clinical training at different hospital sites in Jordan. Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted on sixth year pharm D students during clinical training at different hospital departments in different hospital sites Jordan. In addition to socio-demographic variables, a structured self-reported questionnaire was used to assess students' knowledge, attitude, practice, barriers, and motivators towards ADR reporting. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the variables associated with the study outcomes. Results A total of 497 students participated in the study. The participants showed inadequate knowledge regarding ADR reporting, with a mean knowledge score of 3.20 (±1.78). On the other hand, the study participants showed positive attitude towards ADR reporting with a total mean score of 13.6 (±1.96). However, the ADR reporting practice was low with a mean score of 5.78 (±1.88). Not knowing how to report (60.2%) and not knowing where to report (55.9%) were the most common barriers to ADR reporting, while the most reported motivators for ADR reporting were seriousness of reaction (84.1%) and involvement of new drug (51.1%). Logistic regression analysis showed that time from the start of training (OR = 0.510; 95%CI = 0.305-0.852; P = 0.010), female gender (OR = 1.759; 95%CI = 1.083-2.857; P = 0.022), and attending a course/workshop about pharmacovigilance (OR = 0.213; 95%CI = 0.137-0.332; P = 0.00) were significant predictors of knowledge about ADR reporting. Increased age (OR = 0.93; 95%CI = 0.880-0.997; P = 0.041) and low knowledge (OR = 0.564; 95%CI = 0.380-0.837; P = 0.004) were significantly associated with negative attitude toward ADR reporting. Female gender (OR = 0.481; 95%CI = 0.302-0.766; P = 0.002) and attitude level (OR = 1.837; 95%CI = 1.205-2.802; P = 0.005) were significant predictors of ADR reporting practice. Conclusions Pharm D students showed positive attitude towards ADR reporting, however, the knowledge and practice of ADR reporting were inadequate and the participants reported several barriers. Therefore, the topic of ADR reporting and pharmacovigilance, as well as, educational training programs need to be included in future pharmacy curriculum in order to improve students' awareness and practice of ADR reporting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S. Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Ghassan Shattat
- College of Science and Health Profession, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shrouq Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Salah Aburuz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Alqudah S, Abu Heshmeh SR, Mukattash TL, Beiram R, Aburuz S. Glycemic control and its associated factors in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:5775-5783. [PMID: 37401314 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202306_32816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inadequate glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes is growing worldwide. Earlier research studies investigated the predictors of poor glycemic control among patients with diabetes, but not among hypertensive patients who have type 2 diabetes as a comorbid disease. The aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with poor glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the present retrospective study, the medical records of two major hospitals were used to collect sociodemographic, biomedical, disease and medication-related information about patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Binary regression analysis was conducted to find the predictors of the study outcome. RESULTS The data from 522 patients were collected. High physical activity (OR=2.232; 95% CI: 1.368-3.640; p<0.01), receiving insulin (OR=5.094; 95% CI: 3.213-8.076; p <0.01) or GLP1 receptor agonist (OR=2.057; 95% CI: 1.309-3.231; p<0.01) increased the odds of having controlled blood glucose. Increased age (OR=1.041; 95% CI: 1.013-1.070; p<0.01), elevated high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (OR=3.727; 95% CI: 1.959-7.092; p<0.01), and lower triglycerides (TGs) levels (OR=0.918; 95% CI: 0.874-0.965; p<0.01) were also associated with improved glycemic control among the study participants. CONCLUSIONS Most of the current study participants showed uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. Low physical activity, not receiving insulin or GLP1 receptor agonist, younger age, low HDL and high TG levels were independently associated with poor glycemic control. Future interventions should place a strong emphasis on the value of consistent physical activity and a stable lipid profile in enhancing glycemic control, particularly in younger patients and those who are not receiving insulin or GLP1 receptor agonist therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Jarab
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Altawalbeh SM, Al-Khatib M, Almomani BA, Nuseir K, Al-Husein BA, Mukattash TL. Students' experiences and attitudes toward a newly developed simulation-based pharmaceutical care clinical rotation: A pre-post study design. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:808-814. [PMID: 37228318 PMCID: PMC10203740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to evaluate Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students' experience with the newly developed simulation-based pharmaceutical care (PC) rotation by evaluating their knowledge and attitudes towards PC before and after the rotation. Methods A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to sixth year PharmD students enrolled in the clinical training rotation "Comprehensive Pharmaceutical Care" during the 2020/2021 academic semesters at Jordan University of Science and Technology's (JUST) Faculty of Pharmacy. Questionnaires were distributed before and after completing four experiential training weeks and consisted of three sections. The first section collected students' demographic details while the second and third sections evaluated students' knowledge about, and attitudes toward PC, respectively. Descriptive statistics were used to describe and compare changes in students' knowledge and attitudes pre-and post-rotation. Results A total of 106 valid questionnaires were completed with a response rate of 99.07%. The rates of correct answers increased after the rotation with median total knowledge score increasing from 8 to 10 (out of 13, P value < 0.001). Significant improvements in students' understanding of aspects relating to the concept and process of PC, and the role of clinical pharmacist in PC provision, were shown post the simulation-based clinical rotation. Similarly, their attitudes toward performing PC were either improved or emphasized. In contrast results also revealed that specific aspects of the rotation require further refinement, such as the comprehensiveness of the PC process and responsibilities in providing PC. Conclusions PharmD students' understanding and attitudes toward PC were either improved or emphasized after the simulation-based PC rotation. This study highlights the value of simulation as a unique instructional technique that can assist educators to develop PC competencies for pharmacy students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoroq M. Altawalbeh
- Corresponding author at: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy, P.O.Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Itani R, Khojah HM, Karout S, Abu-Farha R, Mukattash TL, Rahme D, Housary K, Achi HE, Safar AO, Al Hajj IK, El-Lakany A. Oral contraceptive pills shortage in Lebanon amidst the economic collapse: a nationwide exploratory study. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:520. [PMID: 37221534 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09523-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The political instability, economic crisis, and devaluation of the national currency left Lebanese females suffering from a scarcity of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). Therefore, we aimed to identify the incidence of OCPs shortage in Lebanon and its impact on women's sexual and reproductive health, as well as physical and psychological well-being. METHODS Community pharmacies were selected randomly across Lebanon, using a stratified sampling approach, where female clients asking for OCPs were interviewed using a standardized data collection form. RESULTS A total of 440 females were interviewed. More than three-quarters of the participants (76.4%) reported not finding their preferred OCPs brands, almost 40% were affected by the increased prices, and 28.4% declared stockpiling OCPs. More than half of the participants using OCPs for pregnancy prevention reported adopting alternative traditional contraceptive methods (55.3%). Unplanned pregnancy was reported by 9.5% of participants, where 75% of them disclosed intentional abortion while the remaining (25%) reported experiencing a spontaneous miscarriage. Other consequences of OCPs shortage included mood disturbances (52.3%), dysregulation of menses (49.7%), dysmenorrhea (21.1%), weight gain (19.6%), acne (15.7%), and hirsutism (12.5%). Of the participants taking OCPs for birth control, 48.6% reported a reduced frequency of sexual intercourse, which led to conflicts with their partners (46%) and a decreased libido (26.7%). CONCLUSIONS OCPs shortage has seriously and negatively exposed women to various undesirable consequences including unplanned pregnancy and dysregulation of menses. Therefore, there is an urgent need to bring the attention of healthcare authorities to support the national pharmaceutical industry in manufacturing affordable OCPs generics to meet women's reproductive health demands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Itani
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Hani Mj Khojah
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, P.O. Box: 30051, Madinah, 41477, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Karout
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, 1107 2809, Lebanon.
| | - Rana Abu-Farha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, P.O. Box: 11931, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Deema Rahme
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Khouloud Housary
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Hiam El Achi
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Ali O Safar
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Ismail Karam Al Hajj
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Abdalla El-Lakany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box: 11-5020, Beirut, 1107 2809, Lebanon
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Harahsheh MM, Mukattash TL, Al-shatnawi S, Abu-Farha R, D’Arcy D, Jarab A, Abuhammad S. Breastfeeding friendly pharmacy from pharmacists perspective. ELECTRON J GEN MED 2023. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
<b>Objective:</b> The primary goals of our research were to explore pharmacists’ perception of breastfeeding friendly pharmacy (BFPh) requirements and factors associated with their awareness about these requirements.<br />
<b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study design was conducted using a self-administered survey. A convenience sample (n=381) of community pharmacists, was recruited through social media resources. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS software version 35. The frequency or percentages were used for categorical variables while means and standard deviations were used for continuous variables. Also, linear regression analysis was used to evaluate factors affecting pharmacists’ awareness about BFPh requirements.<br />
<b>Results:</b> The majority of recruited pharmacists were female (n=329, 86.4%), aged between 23 to 30 years of age (78.7%, n=300). The most common steps to describe a pharmacy as a BFPh from the perspective of surveyed pharmacists were training all pharmacy staff to develop the necessary skills (n=239, 62.7%)) followed by informing all pregnant women about the benefits of breastfeeding (n=225, 59.1%)) and having a written policy on feeding infants and young children according to the recommendations of the WHO and in compliance with the international code (n=209, 54.9%)). Furthermore, pharmacists aging 40 years or less showed a significantly higher awareness about BFPh requirements compared to those aging above 40 years (beta=-0.013, p= 0.045). In addition, 37% (n=142) of pharmacists perceived that answering general questions or concerns on general medication intake while breastfeeding babies is their major role in breastfeeding support.<br />
<b>Conclusion:</b> Breastfeeding support is a promising area for promoting professional pharmacy services. Training all pharmacy staff and informing all pregnant about the benefit of breastfeeding are the most common two steps to describe a pharmacy as BFPh. Additionally, the awareness of BFPh requirement was associated with pharmacists age. Future focus should be placed on implementing BFPh project in Jordanian pharmacies, where the steps of this project are modified in line with the capabilities of pharmacies in Jordan within governmental pharmaceutical control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mea’ad M Harahsheh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JORDAN
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JORDAN
| | - Samah Al-shatnawi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JORDAN
| | - Rana Abu-Farha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, JORDAN
| | - Deirdre D’Arcy
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, IRELAND
| | - Anan Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JORDAN
- College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Sawsan Abuhammad
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JORDAN
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Alqudah S, Abu Heshmeh SR, Mukattash TL, Alzoubi KH. Blood pressure control and its associated factors in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. ELECTRON J GEN MED 2023. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
In this retrospective study, the medical records of hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes attending two major hospitals were reviewed to find the factors associated with poor blood pressure control in patients who have diabetes as a comorbid disease with hypertension. Binary regression analysis was conducted to find the factors independently associated with BP control. A total of 522 participants were included in the study. Most of the participants had uncontrolled hypertension (63.4%) and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (51.3%). Regression results revealed that having retinopathy (OR=1.468 (95% CI: 1.020-2.113), p<0.05), and not receiving dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors were independently associated with uncontrolled BP (OR=0.633 (95%CI 0.423-0.946), p<0.05). Therefore, greater efforts should be exerted to improve BP control in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes, particularly in those suffering from retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S Jarab
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JORDAN
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, JORDAN
| | - Salam Alqudah
- Department of Pharmacy, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, JORDAN
| | - Shrouq R Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JORDAN
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JORDAN
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JORDAN
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abu-Farha RK, Alzoubi KH, Mukattash TL, Alkhawaldeh R, Barakat M, Thiab S. Public Knowledge and Perceptions about the Emerging Human Mpox in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8010041. [PMID: 36668948 PMCID: PMC9861141 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hundreds of human mpox cases are spreading outside of Western and Central Africa, which could be considered a significant world health problem. In this study, we sought to assess public knowledge and perceptions of human mpox. The study was a cross-sectional survey conducted in Jordan in September-October 2022. All participants were approached through social media portals. A total of 1195 participants agreed to participate in this study. The participants showed a low median knowledge score about human mpox (4.0 out of 15.0, IQR = 5.0), with only 27.9% of the participants (n = 334) correctly identifying that human mpox is not a bacterial disease, and around half of them (n = 589, 49.3%) knowing that this disease affects both genders. Higher monthly income (≥400 JD/month) was significantly associated with better knowledge about the disease. Social media was the most comprehensive source of information about mpox (n = 1018, 85.2%). Finally, 57.3% of the participants (n = 685) believed that mpox would affect social and economic life, like the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings highlight the urgent need for systematic strategies that should be promoted to increase public knowledge of mpox, which will be critical in improving the capacity to respond to the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana K. Abu-Farha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
- Correspondence:
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Rama Alkhawaldeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Muna Barakat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Samar Thiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Hamam H, Abu Heshmeh S, Mukattash TL, Alefishat EA. Factors associated with lipid control in outpatients with heart failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1153310. [PMID: 37153471 PMCID: PMC10154675 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1153310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dyslipidemia is common among patients with heart failure, and it negatively impacts clinical outcomes. Limited data regarding the factors associated with poor lipid control in patients with HF patients. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate lipid control and to explore the factors associated with poor lipid control in patients with HF. Methods The current cross-sectional study was conducted at outpatient cardiology clinics at two major hospitals in Jordan. Variables including socio-demographics, biomedical variables, in addition to disease and medication characteristics were collected using medical records and custom-designed questionnaire. Medication adherence was assessed using the validated 4-item Medication Adherence Scale. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore significant and independent predictors of poor lipid control among the study participants. Results A total of 428 HF patients participated in the study. Results showed that 78% of the participants had poor lipid control. The predictors that were associated with poor lipid control included uncontrolled BP (OR = 0.552; 95% CI: 0.330-0.923; P < 0.05), higher Hb levels (OR = 1.178; 95% CI: 1.013-1.369; P < 0.05), and higher WBC (OR = 1.133; 95% CI: 1.031-1.246; P < 0.05). Conclusions This study revealed poor lipid control among patients with HF. Future intervention programs should focus on blood pressure control in order to improve health outcomes among HF patients with dyslipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S. Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hanan Hamam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shrouq Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Eman A. Alefishat
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: Eman A. Alefishat
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem WA, Hamam HW, Alzoubi KH, Abu Heshmeh SR, Mukattash TL, Alefishat E. Medication Adherence and Its Associated Factors Among Outpatients with Heart Failure. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:1209-1220. [PMID: 37187575 PMCID: PMC10178996 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s410371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Poor adherence to heart failure (HF) medications represents a major barrier to achieve the desired health outcomes in those patients. Objective To assess medication adherence and to explore the factors associated with medication non-adherence among patient with HF in Jordan. Methods The current cross-sectional study was conducted at the outpatient cardiology clinics at two main hospitals in Jordan from August 2021 through April 2022. Variables including socio-demographics, biomedical variables, in addition to disease and medication characteristics were collected using medical records and custom-designed questionnaire. Medication adherence was assessed using the 4-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors that are significantly and independently associated with medication non-adherence. Results Of the 427 participating patients, 92.5% had low to moderate medication adherence. Results of the regression analysis revealed that that patients who had higher education level (OR=3.36; 95% CI 1.08-10.43; P=0.04) and were not suffering from medication-related side effects (OR=4.7; 95% CI 1.91-11.5; P=0.001) had significantly higher odds of being in the moderate adherence group. Patients who were taking statins (OR=16.59; 95% CI 1.79-153.98; P=0.01) or ACEIs/ ARBs (OR=3.95; 95% CI 1.01-15.41; P=0.04) had significantly higher odds of being in the high adherence group. Furthermore, Patients who were not taking anticoagulants had higher odds of being in the moderate (OR=2.77; 95% CI 1.2-6.46; P=0.02) and high (OR=4.11; 95% CI 1.27-13.36; P=0.02) adherence groups when compared to patients who were taking anticoagulants. Conclusion The poor medication adherence in the present study sheds the light on the importance of implementing intervention programs which focus on improving patients' perception about the prescribed medications particularly for patients who have low educational levels, receive an anticoagulant, and do not receive a statin or an ACEI/ ARB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walid A Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Hanan Walid Hamam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shrouq R Abu Heshmeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Eman Alefishat
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: Eman Alefishat, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates, Tel +971 5 07293877, Email
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Al-Shami I, Alkhalidy H, Alnaser K, Mukattash TL, Al Hourani H, Alzboun T, Orabi A, Liu D. Assessing metabolic syndrome prediction quality using seven anthropometric indices among Jordanian adults: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21043. [PMID: 36473903 PMCID: PMC9727133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MSyn) is a considerable health concern in developing and developed countries, and it is a critical predictor of all-cause mortality. Obesity, specifically central obesity, is highly associated with MSyn incidence and development. In this study, seven anthropometric indices (Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist circumference (WC), Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Body Roundness Index (BRI), conicity index (CI), and the Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI)) were used to identify individuals with MSyn among the Jordanian population. These indices were assessed to identify their superiority in predicting the risk of MSyn. A total of 756 subjects (410 were male and 346 were female) were met between May 2018 and September 2019 and enrolled in this study. Height, weight, and waist circumferences were measured and BMI, WHtR, ABSI, BRI, CI, and VAI were calculated. Fasting plasma glucose level, lipid profile, and blood pressure were measured. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the discriminatory power of the anthropometric indices as classifiers for MSyn presence using the Third Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) definition. MSyn prevalence was 42.5%, and obese women and men have a significantly higher prevalence. BRI and WHtR showed the highest ability to predict MSyn (AUC = 0.83 for both indices). The optimal cutoff point for an early diagnosis of MSyn was > 28.4 kg/m2 for BMI, > 98.5 cm for WC, > 5.13 for BRI, > 0.09 m11/6 kg-2/3 for ABSI, > 5.55 cm2 for AVI, > 1.33 m3/2 kg-1/2 for CI, and > 0.59 for WHtR with males having higher cutoff points for MSyn early detection than females. In conclusion, we found that WHtR and BRI may be the best-suggested indices for MSyn prediction among Jordanian adults. These indices are affordable and might result in better early detection for MSyn and thereby may be helpful in the prevention of MSyn and its complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Islam Al-Shami
- grid.33801.390000 0004 0528 1681Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133 Jordan
| | - Hana Alkhalidy
- grid.37553.370000 0001 0097 5797Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110 Jordan
| | - Khadeejah Alnaser
- grid.37553.370000 0001 0097 5797Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110 Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- grid.37553.370000 0001 0097 5797Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110 Jordan
| | - Huda Al Hourani
- grid.33801.390000 0004 0528 1681Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133 Jordan
| | - Tamara Alzboun
- grid.37553.370000 0001 0097 5797Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110 Jordan
| | - Aliaa Orabi
- grid.37553.370000 0001 0097 5797Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110 Jordan
| | - Dongmin Liu
- grid.438526.e0000 0001 0694 4940Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jaber A, Ta'an WF, Aldalaykeh MK, Al-Shannaq YM, Oweidat IA, Mukattash TL. The perception of shared governance and engagement in decision-making among nurses. Nurs Forum 2022; 57:1169-1175. [PMID: 36315058 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shared governance is a structural framework for operationalizing nursing ownership and accountability for nursing practice. Healthcare institutions are striving to promote healthy and satisfactory work conditions to retain their qualified personnel and achieve organizational stability and high care quality. However, little is known about nurses' participation in governance in developing countries. AIM This study aims to evaluate the levels of shared governance, also known as professional governance, among nurses in Jordan. The demographics of the study participants will also be assessed. METHODS The current study used a cross-sectional design implementing an anonymous online survey technique to collect data from 111 nurses on the Index of Professional Nursing Governance (IPNG). Descriptive statistics were performed to evaluate the nurses' perception of the concept of shared governance in the domains of personnel, information, resources, participation goals and conflict resolution, and practice. RESULTS Among the 111 nurses, 55% of the participants were females, 45.5% were affiliated with governmental hospitals, and about half of them worked in critical care units. The analysis showed that the mean score for the total IPNG was 113 (SD = 26.28). The analyses of the mean scores of IPNG domains ranged from 11.5 (SD = 4.6) for goals and conflict resolution to 23.8 (SD = 5.7) for access to information. DISCUSSION The results revealed that nurses' average perception of professional governance demonstrated shared governance, and more specifically, in the lower level of shared governance where decisions are made primarily by management with some staff input. Analysis of the domains of governance revealed that participants' scores corresponded with shared governance in the areas of information, resources, goals and conflict, and practice, while traditional governance was prevalent in the governance of nursing personnel and participation. CONCLUSION There is an agreement on the need of moving the position of frontline nurses to the center of their organizations where equity, accountability, and ownership are the pillars of participative governance. Frontline nurses need further empowerment to be more actively engaged especially in the management of nursing staff and related structures and in the participation in structures connected to governance activities at different organizational levels such as in committees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Jaber
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Wafa'a F Ta'an
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammed K Aldalaykeh
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yasmin M Al-Shannaq
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Islam A Oweidat
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mukattash TL, Nusair MB, Abuhammad S, Jarab AS, Hanatleh A, Abu-Murah H. A qualitative assessment of barriers and facilitators to antiretroviral therapy adherence among human immunodeficiency virus patients in Jordan. ELECTRON J GEN MED 2022. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
29
|
Itani R, Karout S, Khojah HMJ, Rabah M, Kassab MB, Welty FK, AlBaghdadi M, Khraishah H, El-Dahiyat F, Alzayani S, Khader YS, Alyahya MS, Alsane D, Abu-Farha R, Mukattash TL, Soukarieh T, Awad MF, Awad R, Wehbi A, Abbas F, El Mais H, El Mais H, Karout L. Diverging levels of COVID-19 governmental response satisfaction across middle eastern Arab countries: a multinational study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:893. [PMID: 35513805 PMCID: PMC9069218 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public acceptance of governmental measures are key to controlling the spread of infectious diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic has placed a significant burden on healthcare systems for high-income countries as well as low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The ability of LMICs to respond to the challenge of the COVID-19 pandemic has been limited and may have affected the impact of governmental strategies to control the spread of COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate and compare public opinion on the governmental COVID-19 response of high and LMICs in the Middle East and benchmark it to international countries. METHODS An online, self-administered questionnaire was distributed among different Middle Eastern Arab countries. Participants' demographics and level of satisfaction with governmental responses to COVID-19 were analyzed and reported. Scores were benchmarked against 19 international values. RESULTS A total of 7395 responses were included. Bahrain scored highest for satisfaction with the governmental response with 38.29 ± 2.93 on a scale of 40, followed by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (37.13 ± 3.27), United Arab Emirates (36.56 ± 3.44), Kuwait (35.74 ± 4.85), Jordan (23.08 ± 6.41), and Lebanon (15.39 ± 5.28). Participants' country of residence was a significant predictor of the satisfaction score (P < 0.001), and participants who suffered income reduction due to the pandemic, had a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and held higher educational degrees had significantly lower satisfaction scores (P < 0.001). When benchmarked with other international publics, countries from the Gulf Cooperation Council had the highest satisfaction level, Jordan had an average score, and Lebanon had one of the lowest satisfaction scores. CONCLUSION The political crisis in Lebanon merged with the existing corruption were associated with the lowest public satisfaction score whereas the economical instability of Jordan placed the country just before the lowest position. On the other hand, the solid economy plus good planning and public trust in the government placed the other countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council on top of the scale. Further investigation is necessary to find out how the governments of other low-income countries may have handled the situation wisely and gained the trust of their publics. This may help convey a clearer picture to Arab governments that have suffered during the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Itani
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samar Karout
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani M. J. Khojah
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Makram Rabah
- Department of History and Archeology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad B. Kassab
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Francine K. Welty
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Mazen AlBaghdadi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Haitham Khraishah
- Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Faris El-Dahiyat
- Clinical Pharmacy Program, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salman Alzayani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Yousef S. Khader
- Epidemiology, Medical Education and Biostatistics, Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad S. Alyahya
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Danah Alsane
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Rana Abu-Farha
- Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tarek Soukarieh
- American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Reem Awad
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abir Wehbi
- Health Department, United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fatima Abbas
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hadi El Mais
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Huda El Mais
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lina Karout
- Faculty of Medicine, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Alqudah MA, Mukattash TL, Al-Shammari E, Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Abu-Farha RK. An Audit on Pharmacists' Knowledge and Experience in Pediatric Care. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2022; 27:172-179. [DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-27.2.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine pharmacists' perceived knowledge and expertise required to deliver pharmaceutical care services to pediatric patients.
METHODS
Once ethical approval was obtained, a questionnaire was posted on local pharmacy groups. The questionnaire is composed of 4 domains: 1) Demographics, 2) Perceived knowledge of pediatric treatment and dosing, 3) Real-life pediatric cases, and 4) Future aspirations to enhance pediatric pharmacy.
RESULTS
A total of 200 questionnaires were completed and submitted online. Most participants (62.5%) practiced in a community setting. Most respondents (40%) reported that 41% to 60% of their patients were pediatrics. In general, respondents had a good perception of their knowledge and expertise to deliver pharmaceutical care services to pediatric patients. However, most respondents had a low knowledge score when faced with real-life pediatric cases. On a scale of 7 most respondents obtained the score of 2 (32%).
CONCLUSIONS
The present study sheds light on an alarming lack of knowledge in pediatric pharmaceutics among pharmacies in Jordan. Further training and educational programs should be put in place to address this gap in knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A.Y. Alqudah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy (MAYA, TLM, ID, ASJ), Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy (MAYA, TLM, ID, ASJ), Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Anan S. Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy (MAYA, TLM, ID, ASJ), Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy (WA), Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rana K. Abu-Farha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics (RKA), Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Mukattash TL. Community pharmacists' willingness and barriers to provide vaccination during COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2016009. [PMID: 35050841 PMCID: PMC8986174 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.2016009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Providing vaccination in community pharmacies could increase the vaccination coverage rate as well as help reducing the workload of the healthcare system. The current study was conducted to evaluate community pharmacists' willingness and barriers to provide vaccination in community pharmacy setting. A validated questionnaire which included eight items to evaluate willingness and eleven items to evaluate the barriers to provide vaccines was distributed online. Binary logistic regression was conducted to explore the factors that are significantly associated with willingness and barriers to provide the vaccine. Among the 201 participating pharmacists, 174 (86.6%) had a high willingness level. Lack of authorization (91.6%), lack of collaboration with other healthcare professionals (85.6%), and lack of space for storage (74.1%) were the most recognized barriers to vaccinate. Pharmacists with BSc degree demonstrated less willingness (OR = 0.18 (0.07-0.46), and increased barriers (OR = 4.86 (1.56-15.17) to provide the vaccine when compared with Pharm D and postgraduate pharmacists P < .01. Factors including male gender (OR: 6.10), working in chain pharmacy (OR: 8.98) and rural areas (OR: 4.31), moderate income (OR: 19.34) and less years of experience (OR:0.85) were significantly associated with increased barriers to provide the vaccine (P < .05). Despite the high willingness of the community pharmacists to vaccinate, several barriers were present. Enhancing pharmacists' authorization and collaboration with other healthcare professionals and providing space for storage along with providing training courses and workshops should be considered to enhance pharmacist's engagement in vaccination service.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S. Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mukattash TL, Alkhalidy H, Alzu'bi B, Abu-Farha R, Itani R, Karout S, Khojah HMJ, Khdour M, El-Dahiyat F, Jarab A. Dietary supplements intake during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic: A multinational Middle Eastern study. Eur J Integr Med 2022; 49:102102. [PMID: 35039757 PMCID: PMC8754456 DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2022.102102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Despite the controversy about the benefits of dietary supplements in treating or preventing COVID-19, their use has increased worldwide even with the introduction of relevant vaccines. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the perception of the Middle Eastern Arab public of dietary supplements as prophylactic or therapeutic agents against COVID-19, and their consumption during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A validated, pilot tested online survey was distributed through social networking platforms in Lebanon, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Palestine, Jordan, and the United Arab Emirates. Responses underwent various statistical analyses. Results A total of 2,100 responses were included. Around 44% of participants reported changes in their dietary behavior during COVID-19, and 70% believed that healthy habits may prevent the infection. Moreover, 21% believed that dietary supplements surely protect against COVID-19 and 45% thought they aid in treating it. Users of supplements during the second wave of the pandemic counted for 47%, who declared they were influenced by the media, healthcare providers, or close contacts. Most used supplements included Vitamins C and D and zinc. Only 34% of participants read supplement leaflets. The use of supplements was significantly correlated with being female and exercising, as revealed by the odds ratio and logistic regression analysis. Conclusions In line with other areas of the world, the use of dietary supplements in the Middle East against COVID-19 is not evidence-based. Competent health authorities should play their role in spreading sound awareness among the public regarding this issue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Buthaina Alzu'bi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rana Abu-Farha
- Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rania Itani
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh, 1107 2809, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samar Karout
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020, Riad El Solh, 1107 2809, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani M J Khojah
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, P.O. Box: 30051, 41477, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher Khdour
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Faris El-Dahiyat
- Clinical Pharmacy Program, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University, P. O. Box 64141, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anan Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mukattash TL, Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Abu Farha RK, Itani R, Karout S, Mukattash IL. Coronavirus disease patients' views and experiences of pharmaceutical care services in Lebanon. Int J Pharm Pract 2022; 30:82-85. [PMID: 34791258 PMCID: PMC8767875 DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riab071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the experiences and views of domiciliary coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients towards pharmaceutical care services provided during their infection. METHODS This was a single-centred observational study conducted among home-treated COVID-19 patients (n = 500), who were tested positive for COVID-19 in a medical centre in Lebanon. KEY FINDINGS Out of the 500 home-treated COVID-19 patients invited to participate in the study, 279 patients completed the questionnaire. Although the participants had a good view of pharmacists caring for COVID-19 patients (mean view score: 17.79/25), their treatment experiences were unsatisfactory (mean experience score: 1.51/4). CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 patients reported minimal involvement of pharmacists in their treatment. Therefore, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare authorities should intervene in restructuring, guiding and reviewing unrealized new pharmaceutical services to COVID-19 outpatients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rana K Abu Farha
- Department of Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rania Itani
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samar Karout
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ibrahim L Mukattash
- Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jarab AS, Al-Azzam S, Almutairi S, Mukattash TL. Patients' Knowledge and Information Needs about Isotretinoin Therapy Use in Jordan. Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:9443884. [PMID: 35685597 PMCID: PMC9159128 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9443884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite being the first-line treatment for severe or moderate acne, isotretinoin has several serious side effects that necessitate the evaluation of patients' knowledge about isotretinoin side effects and its proper use. OBJECTIVE The current study aim was to explore information needs about isotretinoin by evaluating patients' knowledge about the appropriate use of isotretinoin and its associated side effects. METHODS In addition to the sociodemographic variables, a validated online questionnaire was adopted from the literature to evaluate patients' knowledge about isotretinoin use and its potential side effects. Independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test were implemented to find the correlation between the study variables and the knowledge score. RESULTS The most recognized side effect of isotretinoin therapy was dryness (98.1%). The study patients showed good knowledge about isotretinoin use with a mean knowledge score of 8.1 (SD = 0.7). However, more than half of them (61.0%) mistakenly thought that isotretinoin therapy should be taken continuously for more than 6 months without stop, and some of them did not know that isotretinoin is recommended to be taken with fatty meal (24%) and sunblock (24.6%). Female gender (8.2 (SD = 0.8)) and using isotretinoin for more than 6 months (8.3 (SD = 1.2)) were significantly associated with a higher knowledge score of isotretinoin use (p=0.01), when compared with male patients (7.8 (SD = 0.7)) and less than 6-month use of isotretinoin (7.7 (SD = 0.7)). CONCLUSIONS The lack of patients' information about the potential side effects, duration of therapy, and some instructions on isotretinoin use, such as taking the medication with fatty meal and sunblock, shed the light on the necessity to prepare leaflets, educational brochures, and educational posts via social media in order to improve patients' knowledge about isotretinoin therapy and its optimal use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S. Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Sayer Al-Azzam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Shriefa Almutairi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Itani R, Karout S, Khojah HMJ, Jaffal F, Abbas F, Awad R, Karout L, Abu‐Farha RK, Kassab MB, Mukattash TL. Community pharmacists' preparedness and responses to COVID-19 pandemic: A multinational study. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14421. [PMID: 34053167 PMCID: PMC8236935 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community pharmacists play a pivotal role in healthcare worldwide. Their role became more critical during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the community pharmacists' preparedness and responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and how efficiently they were prepared to contain and prevent the spread of infection. METHODS An online questionnaire was distributed to community pharmacists in Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, and Jordan through social media platforms. A scoring system was developed to measure their level of adherence to the preventive measures of the global infection. RESULTS The total included responses were 800. Around 44% of the pharmacists reported spending less than 15 min/d reading about COVID-19 updates. Although more than half of them were reviewing official sites, 73% of them were also retrieving information through non-official channels. Additionally, almost 35% of them were directly contacting customers without physical barriers, 81% reported encountering infected customers, and 12% wore the same facial masks for more than a day. Moreover, 58% of the pharmacies reported the absence of door signs requesting infected customers to declare the infection, 43% of the pharmacies were not limiting the number of simultaneous customers, and 70% were not measuring customers' temperatures prior to entry. Collectively, the mean total score of applied protective measures was 10.12 ± 2.77 (out of 17). CONCLUSION The level of preparedness of the community pharmacies in these three Middle Eastern countries was not adequate for facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Health authorities in these countries should closely monitor their adherence to the protective guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Itani
- Pharmacy Practice DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyBeirut Arab UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | - Samar Karout
- Pharmacy Practice DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyBeirut Arab UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | - Hani M. J. Khojah
- Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy DepartmentCollege of PharmacyTaibah UniversityMadinahSaudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Jaffal
- Pharmacy Practice DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyBeirut Arab UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | - Fatme Abbas
- Pharmacy Practice DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyBeirut Arab UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | - Reem Awad
- Pharmacy Practice DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyBeirut Arab UniversityBeirutLebanon
| | - Lina Karout
- Department of RadiologyAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirutLebanon
| | - Rana K. Abu‐Farha
- Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyApplied Science Private UniversityAmmanJordan
| | - Mohamad B. Kassab
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical PharmacyFaculty of PharmacyJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abuhammad S, Mukattash TL, Alazzam SI, Yafawi R, Jarab AS, Nusair MB, Abu-Farha RK, Alrabadi NN. Caesarean section delivery from maternal perspective: An exploratory study in Jordan. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14349. [PMID: 33973311 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY This study aims to determine females' views, experiences and attitudes regarding the caesarean section (CS) and to explore the factors that increase the prevalence of CS in Jordan. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire that was distributed electronically through social media websites. Study participants included 1005 females with a history of at least one CS. Awareness, experiences about CS, complications and reasons for performing CS were investigated. SETTINGS The participants were recruited from all Jordan cities by social media and emails. FINDINGS Most of the respondents stated that the source of their knowledge about CS was from the internet (36.2%) followed by family and friends (31.6%). The majority of respondents were satisfied with their CS experience (72.8%). More than half of the participants (56.9%) reported that CS carries no risk for infants. About 53% of respondents stated that the most common reason leading women to choose to give birth via CS is the fear of labour pain. However, the majority of the respondents disagree with performing CS under maternal request (59.2%). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This study indicated that Jordanian females do not have reliable sources of information about CS. This leads to lower awareness of CS and its complications, and, as expected, CS is more likely to be performed by privately insured women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan Abuhammad
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Sayer I Alazzam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Reham Yafawi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad B Nusair
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rana K Abu-Farha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Theraputics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nasr N Alrabadi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Khojah HMJ, Itani R, Mukattash TL, Karout S, Jaffal F, Abu-Farha R. Exposure of community pharmacists to COVID-19: A multinational cross-sectional study. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2021; 16:920-928. [PMID: 34305508 PMCID: PMC8282887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Community pharmacists (CPs) are among the frontline healthcare providers who have been exposed to a high risk of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the pandemic. Unfortunately, there have been limited studies in the Middle East that provide an occupational risk analysis among CPs. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the risk of COVID-19 exposure among Middle Eastern CPs and to identify the infection predictors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using an online, self-administered questionnaire that was distributed to CPs across KSA, Lebanon, and Jordan between November and December 2020. The bivariate logistic regression test was used to analyse the predictors associated with COVID-19. Results CPs were more susceptible to acquiring SARS-CoV-2 than the general public (12.9% vs. 1.5%). The significant predictors of infection included a family member with confirmed COVID-19 infection, age <40 years, encountering patients in pharmacy without a protective glass-barrier, and contact with confirmed COVID-19 patients or colleagues with confirmed COVID-19 during practice. Additionally, the mean level of the respondents’ expected rate of infection was 3.27 ± 1.04 (out of 5). This level was significantly higher among female pharmacists and Lebanese pharmacists. Conclusions This study demonstrates that CPs are at a higher risk of acquiring COVID-19 compared with the general public. This is attributed to several occupational factors that increase the risk of exposure to COVID-19. Therefore, healthcare authorities are advised to enforce strict occupational guidelines for CPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hani M J Khojah
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, KSA
| | - Rania Itani
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Samar Karout
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fatima Jaffal
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rana Abu-Farha
- Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Alrabadi NN, Mukattash TL, Alzoubi KH, Abu-Farha RK, Khabour OF, Mhaidat NM. Awareness of pharmacy researchers about the national research code of ethics: A study from Jordan. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07180. [PMID: 34141937 PMCID: PMC8187811 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In Jordan, research ethics have been subject to increasingly formal regulations and structuring. Recently the Ministry of Higher Education and Research Published the National Research Code of Ethics. However, little is known about the awareness of pharmacology researchers of this code and the extent of its applicability to their research. METHODS Purposeful sampling through institutions' websites was used to identify staff members with excellent profiles from 20 Faculties of Pharmacy in Jordan. After obtaining the required approvals, in-depth interviews were conducted, recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using NVivo 11 Software. The interviews followed a previously prepared and validated interview guide that covered various aspects of education, research, and training. KEY FINDINGS Eighteen members of staff agreed to take part in the study. Qualitative analysis revealed three main themes each concerning respondents' awareness of the National Code of Research Ethics in Jordan. The emerging themes were: the lack of awareness regarding the code of ethics, the need for clear guidelines for pharmacology research in Jordan, and the need for further workshops and training courses for pharmacology researchers. CONCLUSION This study highlights a lack of awareness regarding the presence of the National Research Ethics Code among pharmacology researchers in Jordan. This might have negative implications on medical research. It was thought that the code of ethics should be incorporated in postgraduate pharmacy education, training courses for pharmacy researchers, and workshops for pharmacy academic staff.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasr N. Alrabadi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan,Corresponding author.
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rana K. Abu-Farha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omar F. Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nizar M. Mhaidat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jarab AS, Alefishat EA, Al-Qerem W, Mukattash TL, Al-Hajjeh DM. Lipid control and its associated factors among patients with dyslipidaemia in Jordan. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14000. [PMID: 33400313 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid control represents a cornerstone in the management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Nevertheless, little research has explored the factors associated with poor lipid control in patients with dyslipidaemia. OBJECTIVE The study aim was to investigate the variables associated with poor lipid control among patients with dyslipidaemia in Jordan. METHOD In addition to socio-demographics, disease and medication-related variables, lipid profile including total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and triglyceride and other biomedical variables were collected for patients diagnosed with dyslipidaemia using hospital medical charts at three major outpatient clinics in Jordan. The validated 4-item medication adherence scale and the beliefs about medications questionnaire were used to evaluate medication adherence and medication beliefs among the study participants. The participants were classified to have controlled and uncontrolled dyslipidaemia using recent AHA guidelines. A stepwise forward conditional binary regression was conducted to explore the variables significantly and independently associated with dyslipidaemia control. A P-value of < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 228 patients participated in the study. Most of the study participants (61%) were classified to have uncontrolled lipid profile and 60.1% of them were found to have ASCVD. Regression analysis revealed that increased necessity for dyslipidaemia medications increased the odds of dyslipidaemia control (OR = 1.14), whereas active smoking (OR = 0.42), low medication adherence (OR = 0.0.8) and the presence of ASCVD (odd ratio = 0.24) were significantly associated with poor dyslipidaemia control. CONCLUSION Lipid profile has considerable scope for improvement in patients with dyslipidaemia in Jordan. Improving medication adherence by emphasising on medication necessity and simplifying the prescribed dosage regimen, particularly in smoking patients and those who have ASCVD, should be particularly considered in future clinical pharmacy service programmes aim at improving lipid control and health outcomes in patients with dyslipidaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Eman A Alefishat
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Dua'a M Al-Hajjeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Alqudah MAY, Al-Samman RM, Mukattash TL, Abu-Farha RK. Knowledge and attitudes of pharmacists towards colorectal cancer health education in Jordan: A cross-sectional study. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13986. [PMID: 33400341 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to assess pharmacists' knowledge and attitude towards early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Jordan and to explore potential predictor variables of such knowledge and attitude. METHODS USED TO CONDUCT THE STUDY An electronic, self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data about demographics, knowledge and attitude regarding early detection of CRC. Both content and face validity were tested in a panel of experts. The participants' responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regressions. RESULTS OF THE STUDY The 352 pharmacists (78% females, 94% Jordanian) had a median age of 28 years and graduated mostly (83%) from public universities. Surprisingly, 90% were not able to identify carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a non-accurate diagnostic method and almost one-third did not identify the correct screening tests. On a scale of 5, the majority of participants (59%) had moderate knowledge scores (3 or 4) in case scenarios. The median knowledge Percent of Maximum Possible (POMP) score was 67% and higher scores were associated with more years since graduation, pharmacists with MSc degree and higher, working in urban areas, studying oncology course and received oncology training (P < .05). Most participants showed a positive attitude towards early detection of CRC (median attitude POMP score was 78%). However, none of the analysed variables predicted their level of attitude. CONCLUSIONS DRAWN FROM THE STUDY AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Although the majority of pharmacists demonstrated a positive attitude towards early detection of CRC, their knowledge was inadequate. The study highlighted the importance of optimising the education programmes to improve the pharmacists' knowledge about CRC early detection and preparing the pharmacists for participating in future national screening initiatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Y Alqudah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Raneem M Al-Samman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rana K Abu-Farha
- Department of Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mukattash TL, Jarab AS, Abu Farha RK, Nusair MB, Al Muqatash S. Pharmacists' perspectives on providing the COVID-19 vaccine in community pharmacies. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research 2021. [PMCID: PMC8083213 DOI: 10.1093/jphsr/rmab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to explore community pharmacists’ perspectives on administering COVID-19 vaccine in community pharmacies in Jordan. Methods Purposeful sampling was used to identify a list of 100 community pharmacies which were approached to participate in the study. Twenty-three interviews were needed to reach data saturation. In-depth interviews were conducted, recorded, transcribed and analysed using NVivo 11 software. Interviews followed a previously prepared and validated 12-item interview guide. The interview guide discussed pharmacists’ perspectives on providing the COVID-19 vaccine in community pharmacies. Key findings The three overarching themes which described the participating pharmacists’ views towards administrating the COVID-19 vaccine in community pharmacies were advantage, support and barriers. The reported advantages included expediting the COVID-19 vaccination process, convince people to take the vaccine, increased patient accessibility to vaccines and aiding the healthcare system in the vaccination process. Respondents indicated that they would be more willing to administer the COVID-19 vaccine if they received the needed support from the Ministry of Health and the Pharmacists Association. Furthermore, from the respondents’ perspectives, the main barriers to this practice were having no confidence in the vaccine, risk of adverse effects and lack of training and expertise. Conclusions Respondents reported a positive attitude towards administering the COVID-19 vaccine in community pharmacies. Respondents highlighted that they could help fighting the pandemic through administering the vaccine and expedite the vaccination process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rana K Abu Farha
- Department of Theraputics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad B Nusair
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Saqer Al Muqatash
- Department of General Surgery, King Hussein Hospital, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Saleh D, Abu-Farha R, Mukattash TL, Barakat M, Alefishat E. Views of Community Pharmacists on Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Stewardship in Jordan: A Qualitative Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10040384. [PMID: 33916855 PMCID: PMC8067308 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10040384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization issued a practical approach and Global Action Plan to control the threatening emerging antibacterial resistance. One of the main bases of this plan is the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASPs). This study aimed to evaluate community pharmacists’ awareness and perception towards antimicrobial resistance and ASPs in Jordan. Thus, a qualitative study was conducted through in-depth interviews with twenty community pharmacists. Convenience sampling was used in the study. Qualitative analysis of the data yielded four themes and eleven sub-themes. All the respondents showed a good understanding of the causes of antimicrobial resistance. The most important cause reported by them was the non-restricted prescription of antimicrobials. Most of the pharmacists believed that they are competent to provide ASPs, however, they believed that there are several barriers against the implementation of ASPs in community pharmacies in Jordan. Barriers demonstrated by the pharmacists, included organizational obstacles, resources obstacles, and personal obstacles. In conclusion, this study revealed several barriers against the implementation of ASPs in community pharmacies in Jordan. Incorporating ASPs in the community pharmacy settings requires proper pharmacist training, several academic disciplines team efforts, and good pharmacy practice of antimicrobial guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Saleh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan; (D.S.); (R.A.-F.); (M.B.)
| | - Rana Abu-Farha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan; (D.S.); (R.A.-F.); (M.B.)
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Muna Barakat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11937, Jordan; (D.S.); (R.A.-F.); (M.B.)
| | - Eman Alefishat
- Department Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11937, Jordan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-5018466
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abu Farha RK, Mukattash TL, Al-Sakran L, Abu Hammour K, Zawiah M. Prevalence and predictors of polypharmacy in Jordanian hospitalised patients: A cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13742. [PMID: 32991028 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of polypharmacy in hospitalised patients in Jordan to help guide healthcare efforts in decreasing the burden on the healthcare system. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Jordan Hospital in Amman, Jordan. During the study period, a convenience sample of patients admitted to the internal medicine and surgical wards were approached to take part in this study. Following patients' recruitments, patients were interviewed and their medical files were reviewed to obtain demographic and clinical information regarding their medical conditions and their regular use of medicines. Then, the prevelence of patients with polypharmacy were identified, and factors predicting polypharmacy among them were determined. RESULTS Among the 300 participants who agreed to participate in this study, females represented 45.3% of the recruited sample (n = 139), and around 48.0% (n = 144) of the study sample were elderly people (≥65 years old). Most of the recruited patients (n = 248, 82.7%) were found to use polypharmacy (≥ 5 medications). Hypertension was the most frequent medical condition among study participants (n = 240, 80.0%) followed by diabetes (n = 185, 61.7%). Results of logistic regression analysis showed that polypharmacy was only significantly affected by patients' age (OR = 2.149, P-value = .024) and monthly income (OR = 0.336, P-value = .009), while other factors were not associated with polypharmacy. Elderly patients (≥65 years) were found to have polypharmacy more significantly than non-elderly patients. Also, those with lower monthly income (<500 JD) were found to use lower polypharmacy compared with those with higher monthly income (>500 JD). CONCLUSION The present study showed that polypharmacy is prevalent among patients in Jordan. While polypharmacy was not affected by smoking status, gender, BMI and educational level, it was significantly affected by monthly income and age. Further plans should be put in place to reduce polypharmacy, starting with effective pharmaceutical care services leading to treatment optimisation and ensuring desired treatment outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana K Abu Farha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Lina Al-Sakran
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Khawla Abu Hammour
- Department Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Zawiah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, University Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Al-Hodeida, Al Hodeida, Yemen
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Mukattash TL, Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Abu Farha RK, Itani R, Karout S, Mukattash IL, Basheti I. Providing pharmaceutical care during the COVID-19 pandemic: attitudes and experiences of home-treated patients in Jordan. Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research 2021. [PMCID: PMC8083648 DOI: 10.1093/jphsr/rmab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to explore home-treated COVID-19 patients’ experiences and perceptions of pharmaceutical care services offered during their sickness. Methods This is a cross-sectional online questionnaire study, where a 30-item questionnaire was texted via a link to COVID-19 patients who were tested positive previously. A list of anonymised numbers was obtained from different COVID-19 testing centres. The study received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board at the King Abdulla University Hospital/Jordan University of Science and Technology. Key findings A total of 268 patients who were previously diagnosed with COVID-19 agreed to participate in this study. Only 22.9% of patients reported taking medications regularly. Almost one-third of respondents (28.7%) indicated that pharmacists were involved in prescribing medicine to patients. Almost half the respondents (49.6%) stated that they or their caregivers obtained information and advice about their medicine from the pharmacists. Only 54.9% of the respondents agreed/strongly agreed that pharmacists have enough scientific information to provide the necessary medical assistance to COVID-19 patients. Patients who work in the medical field, and who always get their medication from the same pharmacy, showed better perception towards pharmaceutical care services that might be provided to COVID-19 patients (P < 0.01). Conclusions Pharmacists had an unsatisfactory contribution to the management of the disease in outpatient settings. Moreover, there was a poor perception of the pharmacists’ role including their knowledge, communication skills and counselling skills. Thus, it is essential to improve pharmacists’ knowledge and practices about infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rana K Abu Farha
- Department of Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rania Itani
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samar Karout
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ibrahim L Mukattash
- Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Iman Basheti
- Department of Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Mukattash TL. Career choices of Pharmacy and Pharm D undergraduates: attitudes and preferences. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06448. [PMID: 33786388 PMCID: PMC7988284 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The remarkably increasing number of graduated pharmacists necessitates exploring the current Pharmacy and Pharm D students’ future career choices in order to help the health policy makers to enhance effective health and education workforce planning. Objective To identify Pharmacy and Pharm D undergraduates’ attitudes and preferences toward different career choices and the factors that influence their career choice. Methods Across sectional study using the online survey web Question Pro was conducted on undergraduate Pharmacy and Pharm D students through the fall semester of the academic year 2019/2020 at four Colleges of Pharmacy in Jordan. In addition to demographics, the survey evaluated students’ attitudes toward different career choices, career choices preferences and how different factors could influence this choice. Mann Whitney U test, Chi-square test, Friedman test, Wilcoxon and Multivariable linear regression were applied to analyze the data. Results A total of 354 undergraduate Pharmacy and Pharm D students completed the survey. Medical coverage and insurance was the most important variable affecting the students' career choice. The total sample favorite career choice was Academic and Research Centers (mean = 2.57), followed by Pharmaceutical companies (mean = 2.38), Hospital Pharmacy (mean = 2.36), Industry (mean = 1.79), and lastly Retail or Community Pharmacy (mean = 1.78). Males were significantly more tended to have a higher favorability scores for the Pharmaceutical Companies career choice than females. PharmD students had a significantly more favorable attitudes towards Hospital Pharmacy than Pharmacy students, who had a significantly more favorable attitude towards Retail or Community Pharmacy and Industry than Pharm D students. Conclusion The current study provides baseline data necessary to formulate strategies in the educational institutions by incorporating different programs and lectures to expand the capabilities of pharmacy students to meet the requirements of different market sectors and change their mindset about the different pharmacy sectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S. Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Jarab AS, Al-Qerem W, Mukattash TL, Al-Hajjeh DM. Pharmacy and Pharm.D students' knowledge and information needs about COVID-19. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13696. [PMID: 32891073 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates collaborative teamwork by all healthcare providers including pharmacists. Since Pharmacy and Pharm. D students represent the future pharmacists, it is necessary to ensure that they have a good awareness about COVID-19 or any other pandemic that could happen in the future. OBJECTIVE The study aim was to evaluate Pharmacy and Pharm.D students' knowledge and information needs about COVID-19. METHOD A cross-sectional web-based design survey was used to assess socio-demographics and knowledge about COVID-19 amongst Pharmacy and Pharm. D students. After being validated, the questionnaire was formatted into Google forms and distributed amongst undergraduate Pharmacy and Pharm. D students in accredited Universities in Jordan. RESULTS A total of 860 Pharmacy and Pharm.D students completed the questionnaire. Results revealed moderate students' knowledge about COVID-19 (mean knowledge score was 5.6 out of 10). Students had high correct response rates in questions asking about transmission method, treatment, zoonotic transmission and medications to be avoided. However, the students demonstrated low knowledge in questions asking about the incubation period and degree of contagion scores. Several factors were associated with students' level of knowledge including the field of study and academic year. Few students relied on their faculty as the main source of information about the infection and most of them relied on self-reading and social network. CONCLUSION The results of this study clearly demonstrate unsatisfactory level of knowledge and a lot of information needs about COVID-19 amongst Pharmacy and Pharm. D students. More efforts should be deployed to educate pharmacy students about COVID-19, with an emphasis on the need for more active role by the universities to achieve this goal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Walid Al-Qerem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Dua'a M Al-Hajjeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Nuseir KQ, Tahaineh L, Al-Mehaisen LM, Al-Kuran O, Ayoub NM, Mukattash TL, Al-Rawi N. Organophosphate pesticide exposure prenatally influence on pregnancy outcomes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:4841-4846. [PMID: 33522334 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1869719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organophosphorus (OP) pesticides are widely used worldwide. The effect of OP exposure during pregnancy on the offspring is inconsistent in the current literature. Moreover, similar studies in the Middle East are lacking. PURPOSE To examine the effects of OP exposure in utero on the outcome of pregnancies in an agricultural region in Jordan. METHOD A prospective study, employing a questionnaire to collect women demographic data. Hospital records were collected for newborns' birth data. In addition, urine samples during the third trimester were collected from pregnant women and then analyzed for six OP metabolites to measure exposure. RESULTS One of the metabolites, DEDTP, was negatively correlated with gestational age and Apgar scores 1 and 5. There were no other significant associations. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to OP during pregnancy is not highly associated with any negative anthropometric characteristics of the newborns; it is probably offset by other factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khawla Q Nuseir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| | - Linda Tahaineh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Oqba Al-Kuran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nehad M Ayoub
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan
| | - Naseer Al-Rawi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Amman Al Ahliyya University, Amman, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Alzoubi A, Kanaan H, Alhazaimeh D, Gharaibeh S, Mukattash TL, Kheirallah K. Knowledge, attitude, future expectations and perceived barriers of medical students and physicians regarding pharmacogenomics in Jordan. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13658. [PMID: 32772487 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacogenomics (PG) is a modern tool of personalising treatment protocols to improve the efficacy and safety of drug prescriptions. These benefits are offset by a slow uptake in clinical application due to a host of physician factors, patient factors and/or health system factors. Our study, thus, aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, future expectations and perceived barriers of medical students and physicians in Jordan regarding PG testing. METHODS A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted between February and August 2019. Physicians and senior medical students from academic and non-academic institutions in North Jordan (n = 424) were surveyed. A structured, self-administered questionnaire was designed and piloted for the purpose of the study. A scoring system for each dimension assessed was calculated and presented using means. Mean scores were compared by sociodemographic and professional variables. RESULTS The response rate was 70.7%. The mean total PG knowledge score (±SD) was 5.42 (±1.51) out of 10, with a significantly higher mean among respondents aged <30 years (5.54 ± 1.43) compared with those ≥30 years old (5.21 ± 1.62; P = .03). The mean total PG attitude score was 21.18 (±2.58) out of 24, with significant differences by seniority levels evident (P = .03). The future expectations of PG among our sample were high, with a mean score of 10.44 (±1.64) out of 12. The top three perceived barriers in applying PG were the high cost, lack of clinical guidelines, and limited knowledge and awareness. CONCLUSION Physicians and medical students in Jordan have low overall knowledge, albeit strongly positive attitude and future expectations towards PG, despite the perceived high cost and lack of clinical guidelines. Thus, we strongly recommend adopting a comprehensive educational strategy that aims to integrate PG concepts into medical curricula, and promote the culture of continuous medical education about PG among practitioners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hashem Kanaan
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Dua'a Alhazaimeh
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Salam Gharaibeh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Khalid Kheirallah
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Basheti IA, Mhaidat NM, Alqudah R, Nassar R, Othman B, Mukattash TL. Primary health care policy and vision for community pharmacy and pharmacists in Jordan. Pharm Pract (Granada) 2020; 18:2184. [PMID: 33343774 PMCID: PMC7732212 DOI: 10.18549/pharmpract.2020.4.2184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Jordan is considered a low middle-income country with a population of 9.956 million in 2018. It is considered the training center for healthcare professions in the region, as the Jordanian healthcare sector has seen remarkable development. In 2017, the expenditure on health as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was estimated to be around 8%. The healthcare sector is divided into two main sectors; the public and the private sector with both including hospitals, primary care clinics and pharmacies. The Jordanian government has a strong commitment to health and educational programs; hence, an increase in the number of pharmacy schools and pharmacy graduates has occurred in the past few years. Health authorities, such as the Jordan Food and Drug Association (JFDA) and the Jordan Pharmaceutical Association (JPA) have played an important role in ensuring the availability and affordability of medications, and has influenced the practice of pharmacists. Protecting the pharmaceutical market and professional interests, preserving pharmacists’ rights, building needed cooperation with the internal federation, and maintaining professional ethics are some of the objectives for the JPA. Hence, the integration of community pharmacists into the primary healthcare system is considered vital to the different health authorities in Jordan, emphasizing the fact that community pharmacists are the most trusted, accessible, and affordable healthcare providers in the country. There have been many developments in the pharmacy practice in the past recent years, including the establishment of ‘Good Pharmacy Practice’, new curricular development based on the international accreditation (the ACPE), a new immunization program, and health services research aimed to save patients’ lives, influence expenses, and improve patients’ quality of life. Although these developments in pharmacy practice are promising, challenges continue to exist, specifically the establishment of an evidence base for pharmaceutical care services such as the medication management review service.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman A Basheti
- PhD. Professor in Clinical Pharmacy. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Sciences Private University. Amman (Jordan).
| | - Nizar M Mhaidat
- PhD. Director of Jordan Food and Drug administration. Professor in Oncology, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology. Irbid (Jordan).
| | - Rajaa Alqudah
- MSc. Clinical Lecturer, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Sciences Private University. Amman (Jordan).
| | - Razan Nassar
- MSc. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University. Amman (Jordan).
| | - Bayan Othman
- MSc. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University. Amman (Jordan).
| | - Tareq L Mukattash
- PhD. Professor in Clinical Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology. Amman (Jordan).
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Jarab AS, Mukattash TL, Hilan H. Medication Non-adherence in Patients with Osteoporosis: Implications for Clinical Pharmacists and Osteoporosis Care Providers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 15:243-250. [DOI: 10.2174/1574884715666200116104754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Poor adherence to the prescribed therapy leads to low bone mineral density
and enhance the development of osteoporosis complications and unnecessary hospitalization.
Objective:
To explore factors associated with medication non-adherence in patients with osteoporosis.
Findings would help guide the development of future pharmaceutical care interventions aim at
improving health outcomes for patients with osteoporosis.
Methods:
The study was conducted at an outpatient osteoporosis clinic at the Royal Medical Services
Hospital. Variables including socio-demographics and medical factors were collected using
medical records and custom-designed questionnaire. Medication adherence was assessed using the
validated 4-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Logistic regression was performed to develop
a model with variables that best predicted medication non-adherence in patients with osteoporosis
in Jordan.
Results:
A total of 296 patients participated in the study. Most of the study participants (72.3%)
were found non-adherent. Patients were found less likely to adhere to the prescribed medications
with each unit increase in the number of prescribed medications (OR = 2.503, CI = 1.103-5.680)
and if they did not have a trust in the efficacy of the medications (OR = 5.544, CI = 0.990-31.058).
Conclusion:
Medication adherence for patients with osteoporosis has considered scope for improvement
in Jordan. Simplifying dosage regimen in addition to taking patients’ preferences when
selecting the medications should be taken into account in future interventions designed to improve
health outcomes for patients with osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anan S. Jarab
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Tareq L. Mukattash
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Hayat Hilan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|