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Iwata T, Kousa T, Nishioka Y, Ohwada K, Sumida K, Annese E, Kakoki M, Kuroda K, Iwasawa H, Arita M, Kumar S, Kimura A, Miyamoto K, Okuda T. Laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with micrometer spatial resolution and detection of three-dimensional spin vector. Sci Rep 2024; 14:127. [PMID: 38177136 PMCID: PMC10766951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47719-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
We have developed a state-of-the-art apparatus for laser-based spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with micrometer spatial resolution (µ-SARPES). This equipment is realized by the combination of a high-resolution photoelectron spectrometer, a 6 eV laser with high photon flux that is focused down to a few micrometers, a high-precision sample stage control system, and a double very-low-energy-electron-diffraction spin detector. The setup achieves an energy resolution of 1.5 (5.5) meV without (with) the spin detection mode, compatible with a spatial resolution better than 10 µm. This enables us to probe both spatially-resolved electronic structures and vector information of spin polarization in three dimensions. The performance of µ-SARPES apparatus is demonstrated by presenting ARPES and SARPES results from topological insulators and Au photolithography patterns on a Si (001) substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Iwata
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - T Kousa
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Y Nishioka
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Ohwada
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Sumida
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - E Annese
- Brazilian Center for Research in Physics, Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22290-180, Brazil
| | - M Kakoki
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Kenta Kuroda
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan.
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan.
| | - H Iwasawa
- Institute for Advanced Synchrotron Light Source, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan
- Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - M Arita
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - S Kumar
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - A Kimura
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Higashi-hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Miyamoto
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - T Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
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Suzuki N, Ikeda Y, Oomori G, Yamada S, Okuda T, Minami S. Gastrointestinal: Type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis diagnosed with endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023. [PMID: 38159080 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- N Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oji General Hospital, Tomakomai, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Y Ikeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oji General Hospital, Tomakomai, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - G Oomori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oji General Hospital, Tomakomai, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - S Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oji General Hospital, Tomakomai, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Okuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oji General Hospital, Tomakomai, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - S Minami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oji General Hospital, Tomakomai, Hokkaido, Japan
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Nakao S, Akita K, Ozaki A, Masumoto K, Okuda T. Circulation of fibrous microplastic (microfiber) in sewage and sewage sludge treatment processes. Sci Total Environ 2021; 795:148873. [PMID: 34247072 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The fate of microplastics (MPs) in the sewage treatment process has been investigated worldwide, and novel results have been reported; few studies have also clarified the fate of MPs in the sewage sludge treatment process. Although most MPs in sewage are transferred to sludge, some flow back from the sludge treatment process to the sewage treatment process. Therefore, throughout the sewage treatment plant, the removal rate of MPs may increase via a countermeasure during the sludge treatment process. In this study, samples obtained from sewage and sewage sludge treatments were used to degrade organic matter with hydrogen peroxide. Water sample particles were trapped on Ni filters with 20-μm-sized pores, dried at room temperature and then the MPs were detected and identified by FTIR microscopy. Note that sludge samples were treated with hydrogen peroxide and separated by specific gravity using NaI solution. The concentration of MPs per unit volume was then calculated and the MPs load was estimated using flow rates of water and sludge. Subsequently, we clarified the fate of MPs with sizes of 20 μm or greater in a sewage treatment plant. When the MPs load in the influent sewage is 100%, 12% of the MPs were found to return to the sewage treatment process via the sidestream of the sludge treatment process. Per this observation, it was made evident that MPs are in fact circulating throughout the sewage and sludge treatment processes. MPs in the sidestream mainly consisted of the effluent from the sludge concentration process, and most MPs were thought to be fibrous polyethylene terephthalate (fibrous MPs, i.e. microfibers [MFs]). The results show that MFs circulate throughout the sewage and sludge treatment processes, and for effectively increasing the removal rate of MPs, the removal of MFs proves correspondingly effective during the sludge treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nakao
- Osaka City Research Center of Environmental Science, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kohsuke Akita
- Osaka City Research Center of Environmental Science, Osaka, Japan
| | - Asako Ozaki
- Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiko Masumoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Ecology of Environmental Engineering Course, Faculty of Advanced Science & Technology, Ryukoku University, Ootsu, Shiga, Japan
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Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, it has been important to both minimize the risk of infection and restore daily life. As a typical example, mass gathering events, such as sporting events, are gradually becoming more common, thanks to the measures taken to contain COVID-19. Some pilot studies have been launched at governments' initiative to investigate the risk of infection without measures such as face masks and physical distancing at mass gathering events, but the ethics of these studies should be carefully considered. On the other hand, it is still beneficial to implement infection control measures at mass gathering events and, in parallel, to estimate the risk of infection with measures in place, especially under a lack of vaccination progress or the spread of mutant strains possibly resistant to vaccines. To help improve compliance with measures taken by spectators and organizers and to ensure their effectiveness, we have conducted quantitative evaluations of the implementation of such measures by monitoring CO2 concentrations, assessing the proportion of people wearing face masks and analysing human flow at the event. This approach allows us to share our observations with stakeholders and participants, enabling us to protect the culture of mass gathering events, minimize the risk of infection and restore a sense of well-being in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Murakami
- Department of Health Risk Communication, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - T Yasutaka
- Institute for Geo-Resources and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan
| | - M Onishi
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - W Naito
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - N Shinohara
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - T Okuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - K Fujii
- R&D-Hygiene Science Research Center, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3, Bunka, Sumida-ku, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan
| | - K Katayama
- Laboratory of Sequence Analysis, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - S Imoto
- Division of Health Medical Intelligence, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
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Okuda T, Nishimura Y, Nishioka K, Kishimoto S, Kikuchi Y, Nakamura T. A 5-kV pulse generator with a 100-kV/µs slew rate based on series-connected 1700-V SiC MOSFETs for electrical insulation tests. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:114705. [PMID: 34852512 DOI: 10.1063/5.0058083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates a high-slew-rate 5-kV pulse generator for electrical insulation tests. Electrical equipment, such as electrical actuators and traction drive motors, are exposed to severe electrical stress because recent switching inverters have high-frequency outputs with high supply voltages using wide-bandgap power devices. For an advanced electrical insulation test, a high-voltage pulse generator is required with a high slew rate; however, such generators suffer from large switching noise, followed by measurement noise, such as ground voltage fluctuations and radiation noise, hindering the detection of partial discharge (PD) phenomena. In this study, we propose a 5-kV pulse generator based on series-connected 1700-V silicon carbide (SiC) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). Four 1700-V SiC MOSFETs are connected in series as a 5-kV SiC switching module, constituting a half-bridge configuration for the pulse generator. The obtained switching waveforms exhibit fast rise times of 48 ns under 5 kV and 6.2 ns under 400 V with a low voltage overshoot and ringing owing to superior device characteristics and reduced parasitic inductances. Because of the low switching noise, we detect a clear PD signal with a 1500-V pulse when using the fabricated pulse generator for a PD test of a twisted pair. The proposed pulse generator uses a hard switching configuration such that the pulse generator can vary the pulse width from 150 ns to DC and increase the switching pulse cycle beyond 1 MHz by changing the control signals of the SiC MOSFETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Okuda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Nishioka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Kishimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, Hyogo 671-2280, Japan
| | - Y Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, Hyogo 671-2280, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Hashimoto K, Kubota N, Okuda T, Nakai S, Nishijima W, Motoshige H. Reduction of ozone dosage by using ozone in ultrafine bubbles to reduce sludge volume. Chemosphere 2021; 274:129922. [PMID: 33601304 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sludge ozonation, which promotes sludge disintegration and solubilization, is a promising technology for reducing waste sludge volume from biological wastewater treatment process. However, if this technology is to be widely adopted, reducing the energy consumption associated with ozone generation will be necessary. We used ultra-fine bubbles (UFBs) as ozone carriers to determine if their use could improve the efficiency of ozone treatment and reduce the ozone dose required. We used a spiral, liquid-type UFB generator, which can introduce UFBs directly into a sludge suspension. The death ratio of bacteria in sludge was used as an indicator of sludge reduction. The ozone requirement was reduced by UFBs. The ozone consumption required to achieve a death ratio of 80% was 15 mg-O3/g-MLSS in the sludge treated with ozone supplied by UFBs versus 25 and 45 mg-O3/g-MLSS in sludges treated with ozone supplied as a spiral, liquid-type microbubbles and by a diffuser, respectively. When mixing water ozonated with UFBs with sludge, the depth of the dead cell layer from the surface to the interior of the sludge floc was larger than that of ozonated water lacking UFBs at the same rate of ozone consumption. Ozone in UFBs kills bacteria inside the flocs. However, the fragmentation of sludge flocs by shear forces in the UFB generator made a larger contribution to the acceleration of bacterial death in sludge treated with ozone supplied by UFBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurumi Hashimoto
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8513, Japan.
| | - Narumi Kubota
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Department of Environmental Solution Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Seta Oe-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakai
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8513, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Motoshige
- West Nippon Expressway Company, 1-6-20 Dojima, Kita-ku, Osaka City, Osaka, 530-0003, Japan
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Grenz PJ, Thonig D, Holtmann M, Miyamoto K, Kumar S, Schwier E, Okuda T, Henk J, Donath M. Adlayer influence on Dirac-type surface state at W(110). J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:285504. [PMID: 33946058 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abfdf3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In a combined experimental and theoretical study, we investigated how Fe and Co adlayers on W(110) affect the Dirac-type surface state (DSS). Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy data show an increase in binding energy of 75 meV and 107 meV for Fe and Co, respectively. In order to identify the origin of the energy shift we performed first-principles calculations of the surface electronic structure. The inward surface relaxation of the uncovered W(110) surface is lifted by the adlayers. This structural change is one reason of the energy shift of the DSS. Furthermore, the Fe and Co adlayers change the surface potential, which results in an additional energy shift of the DSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Grenz
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - D Thonig
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Material Theory, University Uppsala, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - M Holtmann
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - K Miyamoto
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - S Kumar
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - E Schwier
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - T Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - J Henk
- Institute of Physics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - M Donath
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Dai J, Frantzeskakis E, Aryal N, Chen KW, Fortuna F, Rault JE, Le Fèvre P, Balicas L, Miyamoto K, Okuda T, Manousakis E, Baumbach RE, Santander-Syro AF. Experimental Observation and Spin Texture of Dirac Node Arcs in Tetradymite Topological Metals. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:196407. [PMID: 34047592 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.196407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of a nontrivial spin texture in Dirac node arcs, i.e., novel topological objects formed when Dirac cones of massless particles extend along an open one-dimensional line in momentum space. We find that such states are present in all the compounds of the tetradymite M_{2}Te_{2}X family (M=Ti, Zr, or Hf and X=P or As) regardless of the weak or strong character of the topological invariant. The Dirac node arcs in tetradymites are thus the simplest possible textbook example of a type-I Dirac system with a single spin-polarized node arc.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - E Frantzeskakis
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - N Aryal
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - K-W Chen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - F Fortuna
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - J E Rault
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin-BP48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P Le Fèvre
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin-BP48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - L Balicas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - K Miyamoto
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - T Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center (HSRC), Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - E Manousakis
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, Zografos, 157 84 Athens, Greece
| | - R E Baumbach
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A F Santander-Syro
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405 Orsay, France
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Ito M, Takase Y, Sasamura K, Kotsuma T, Ooshima Y, Minami Y, Suzuki J, Tanaka E, Oguchi M, Okuda T, Suzuki K, Yoshioka Y. Comparison of Physician-Recorded Toxicities and Patient-Reported Outcomes Among 5 Different Radiotherapy Methods for Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Shikin AM, Estyunin DA, Klimovskikh II, Filnov SO, Schwier EF, Kumar S, Miyamoto K, Okuda T, Kimura A, Kuroda K, Yaji K, Shin S, Takeda Y, Saitoh Y, Aliev ZS, Mamedov NT, Amiraslanov IR, Babanly MB, Otrokov MM, Eremeev SV, Chulkov EV. Nature of the Dirac gap modulation and surface magnetic interaction in axion antiferromagnetic topological insulator [Formula: see text]. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13226. [PMID: 32764583 PMCID: PMC7413556 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Modification of the gap at the Dirac point (DP) in axion antiferromagnetic topological insulator [Formula: see text] and its electronic and spin structure have been studied by angle- and spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) under laser excitation at various temperatures (9-35 K), light polarizations and photon energies. We have distinguished both large (60-70 meV) and reduced ([Formula: see text]) gaps at the DP in the ARPES dispersions, which remain open above the Neél temperature ([Formula: see text]). We propose that the gap above [Formula: see text] remains open due to a short-range magnetic field generated by chiral spin fluctuations. Spin-resolved ARPES, XMCD and circular dichroism ARPES measurements show a surface ferromagnetic ordering for the "large gap" sample and apparently significantly reduced effective magnetic moment for the "reduced gap" sample. These observations can be explained by a shift of the Dirac cone (DC) state localization towards the second Mn layer due to structural disturbance and surface relaxation effects, where DC state is influenced by compensated opposite magnetic moments. As we have shown by means of ab-initio calculations surface structural modification can result in a significant modulation of the DP gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Shikin
- Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - D. A. Estyunin
- Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - S. O. Filnov
- Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - E. F. Schwier
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - S. Kumar
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - K. Miyamoto
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - T. Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - A. Kimura
- Department of Physical Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - K. Kuroda
- ISSP, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581 Japan
| | - K. Yaji
- ISSP, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581 Japan
| | - S. Shin
- ISSP, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581 Japan
| | - Y. Takeda
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Y. Saitoh
- Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Z. S. Aliev
- Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, AZ1010 Baku, Azerbaijan
- Institute of Physics, ANAS, AZ1143 Baku, Azerbaijan
| | | | - I. R. Amiraslanov
- Institute of Physics, ANAS, AZ1143 Baku, Azerbaijan
- Baku State University, AZ1148 Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - M. B. Babanly
- Baku State University, AZ1148 Baku, Azerbaijan
- Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, ANAS, AZ1143 Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - M. M. Otrokov
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM-MPC), Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Basque Country Spain
| | - S. V. Eremeev
- Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
- Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - E. V. Chulkov
- Saint Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, UPV/EHU, Apdo. 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain
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11
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Usachov DY, Nechaev IA, Poelchen G, Güttler M, Krasovskii EE, Schulz S, Generalov A, Kliemt K, Kraiker A, Krellner C, Kummer K, Danzenbächer S, Laubschat C, Weber AP, Sánchez-Barriga J, Chulkov EV, Santander-Syro AF, Imai T, Miyamoto K, Okuda T, Vyalikh DV. Cubic Rashba Effect in the Surface Spin Structure of Rare-Earth Ternary Materials. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:237202. [PMID: 32603174 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.237202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Spin-orbit interaction and structure inversion asymmetry in combination with magnetic ordering is a promising route to novel materials with highly mobile spin-polarized carriers at the surface. Spin-resolved measurements of the photoemission current from the Si-terminated surface of the antiferromagnet TbRh_{2}Si_{2} and their analysis within an ab initio one-step theory unveil an unusual triple winding of the electron spin along the fourfold-symmetric constant energy contours of the surface states. A two-band k·p model is presented that yields the triple winding as a cubic Rashba effect. The curious in-plane spin-momentum locking is remarkably robust and remains intact across a paramagnetic-antiferromagnetic transition in spite of spin-orbit interaction on Rh atoms being considerably weaker than the out-of-plane exchange field due to the Tb 4f moments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yu Usachov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - I A Nechaev
- Department of Electricity and Electronics, FCT-ZTF, UPV-EHU, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - G Poelchen
- Institut für Festkörperphysik und Materialphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Güttler
- Institut für Festkörperphysik und Materialphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - E E Krasovskii
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales UPV/EHU, 20080 Donostia/San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - S Schulz
- Institut für Festkörperphysik und Materialphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Generalov
- Max IV Laboratory, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - K Kliemt
- Kristall- und Materiallabor, Physikalisches Institut, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - A Kraiker
- Kristall- und Materiallabor, Physikalisches Institut, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C Krellner
- Kristall- und Materiallabor, Physikalisches Institut, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Strasse 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - K Kummer
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France
| | - S Danzenbächer
- Institut für Festkörperphysik und Materialphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - C Laubschat
- Institut für Festkörperphysik und Materialphysik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - A P Weber
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
| | - J Sánchez-Barriga
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Elektronenspeicherring BESSY II, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - E V Chulkov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales UPV/EHU, 20080 Donostia/San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM-MPC and Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
- Tomsk State University, Lenina Avenue 36, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
| | - A F Santander-Syro
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - T Imai
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Miyamoto
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - T Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - D V Vyalikh
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
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12
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Mitsuishi N, Sugita Y, Bahramy MS, Kamitani M, Sonobe T, Sakano M, Shimojima T, Takahashi H, Sakai H, Horiba K, Kumigashira H, Taguchi K, Miyamoto K, Okuda T, Ishiwata S, Motome Y, Ishizaka K. Switching of band inversion and topological surface states by charge density wave. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2466. [PMID: 32424170 PMCID: PMC7235022 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16290-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Topologically nontrivial materials host protected edge states associated with the bulk band inversion through the bulk-edge correspondence. Manipulating such edge states is highly desired for developing new functions and devices practically using their dissipation-less nature and spin-momentum locking. Here we introduce a transition-metal dichalcogenide VTe2, that hosts a charge density wave (CDW) coupled with the band inversion involving V3d and Te5p orbitals. Spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with first-principles calculations reveal the huge anisotropic modification of the bulk electronic structure by the CDW formation, accompanying the selective disappearance of Dirac-type spin-polarized topological surface states that exist in the normal state. Thorough three dimensional investigation of bulk states indicates that the corresponding band inversion at the Brillouin zone boundary dissolves upon the CDW formation, by transforming into anomalous flat bands. Our finding provides a new insight to the topological manipulation of matters by utilizing CDWs' flexible characters to external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mitsuishi
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), The University of Tokyo, Wako, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Y Sugita
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - M S Bahramy
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), The University of Tokyo, Wako, 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Kamitani
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), The University of Tokyo, Wako, 113-8656, Japan
| | - T Sonobe
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), The University of Tokyo, Wako, 113-8656, Japan
| | - M Sakano
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), The University of Tokyo, Wako, 113-8656, Japan
| | - T Shimojima
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Takahashi
- Division of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - H Sakai
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - K Horiba
- Condensed Matter Research Center and Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - H Kumigashira
- Condensed Matter Research Center and Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, 305-0801, Japan
| | - K Taguchi
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center (HSRC), Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - K Miyamoto
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center (HSRC), Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - T Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center (HSRC), Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - S Ishiwata
- Division of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Y Motome
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - K Ishizaka
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), The University of Tokyo, Wako, 113-8656, Japan.
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, 351-0198, Japan.
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13
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Nakai S, Oktavitri NI, Itamura N, Okuda T, Nishijima W, Matsumoto M. Use of Anaerobic Digestion Effluent and Secondary Treated Sewage Plant Discharge for Algal Cultivation and Prevention of Algal Pond Crash. J Chem Eng Japan / JCEJ 2020. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.19we044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nakai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University
| | | | | | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research Management Center, Hiroshima University
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Sakano M, Hirayama M, Takahashi T, Akebi S, Nakayama M, Kuroda K, Taguchi K, Yoshikawa T, Miyamoto K, Okuda T, Ono K, Kumigashira H, Ideue T, Iwasa Y, Mitsuishi N, Ishizaka K, Shin S, Miyake T, Murakami S, Sasagawa T, Kondo T. Radial Spin Texture in Elemental Tellurium with Chiral Crystal Structure. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:136404. [PMID: 32302163 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.136404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The chiral crystal is characterized by a lack of mirror symmetry and inversion center, resulting in the inequivalent right- and left-handed structures. In the noncentrosymmetric crystal structure, the spin and momentum of electrons are expected to be locked in the reciprocal space with the help of the spin-orbit interaction. To reveal the spin textures of chiral crystals, we investigate the spin and electronic structure in a p-type semiconductor, elemental tellurium, with the simplest chiral structure by using spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Our data demonstrate that the highest valence band crossing the Fermi level has a spin component parallel to the electron momentum around the Brillouin zone corners. Significantly, we have also confirmed that the spin polarization is reversed in the crystal with the opposite chirality. The results indicate that the spin textures of the right- and left-handed chiral crystals are hedgehoglike, leading to unconventional magnetoelectric effects and nonreciprocal phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakano
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC) and Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - M Hirayama
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
- Tokodai Institute for Element Strategy (TIES), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Takahashi
- Materials and Structures Laboratory (MSL), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - S Akebi
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - M Nakayama
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - K Kuroda
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - K Taguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - T Yoshikawa
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Miyamoto
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center (HiSOR), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - T Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center (HiSOR), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - K Ono
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H Kumigashira
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - T Ideue
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC) and Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Y Iwasa
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC) and Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - N Mitsuishi
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC) and Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - K Ishizaka
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC) and Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Shin
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - T Miyake
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat), AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - S Murakami
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
- Tokodai Institute for Element Strategy (TIES), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - T Sasagawa
- Materials and Structures Laboratory (MSL), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kondo
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
- AIST-UTokyo Advanced Operando-Measurement Technology Open Innovation Laboratory (OPERANDO-OIL), Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
- Trans-scale Quantum Science Institute, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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15
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Iwai N, Okuda T, Kagawa K. Gastrointestinal: Natural progression of early gastric cancer causing pyloric stenosis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 35:9. [PMID: 31273829 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Iwai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fukuchiyama City Hospital, Fukuchiyama, Japan
| | - T Okuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fukuchiyama City Hospital, Fukuchiyama, Japan
| | - K Kagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fukuchiyama City Hospital, Fukuchiyama, Japan
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16
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Marković I, Hooley CA, Clark OJ, Mazzola F, Watson MD, Riley JM, Volckaert K, Underwood K, Dyer MS, Murgatroyd PAE, Murphy KJ, Fèvre PL, Bertran F, Fujii J, Vobornik I, Wu S, Okuda T, Alaria J, King PDC. Weyl-like points from band inversions of spin-polarised surface states in NbGeSb. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5485. [PMID: 31792208 PMCID: PMC6888910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Band inversions are key to stabilising a variety of novel electronic states in solids, from topological surface states to the formation of symmetry-protected three-dimensional Dirac and Weyl points and nodal-line semimetals. Here, we create a band inversion not of bulk states, but rather between manifolds of surface states. We realise this by aliovalent substitution of Nb for Zr and Sb for S in the ZrSiS family of nonsymmorphic semimetals. Using angle-resolved photoemission and density-functional theory, we show how two pairs of surface states, known from ZrSiS, are driven to intersect each other near the Fermi level in NbGeSb, and to develop pronounced spin splittings. We demonstrate how mirror symmetry leads to protected crossing points in the resulting spin-orbital entangled surface band structure, thereby stabilising surface state analogues of three-dimensional Weyl points. More generally, our observations suggest new opportunities for engineering topologically and symmetry-protected states via band inversions of surface states.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Marković
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, United Kingdom.,Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Strasse 40, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - C A Hooley
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - O J Clark
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - F Mazzola
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - M D Watson
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - J M Riley
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - K Volckaert
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - K Underwood
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - M S Dyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
| | - P A E Murgatroyd
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - K J Murphy
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - P Le Fèvre
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, CNRS-CEA, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin-BP48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Bertran
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, CNRS-CEA, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin-BP48, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Fujii
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area Science Park, S.S.14, Km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - I Vobornik
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)-CNR, Laboratorio TASC, Area Science Park, S.S.14, Km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - S Wu
- Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - T Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - J Alaria
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZE, United Kingdom
| | - P D C King
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, United Kingdom.
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Harada T, Futamura S, Inoue Y, Sawada R, Okuda T, Kagawa K. P2.03-13 Acquired Resistance to Afatinib in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with EGFR G719X Mutation. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Daikoku T, Okuda T, Kawai M, Morita N, Tanaka T, Takemoto M, Fukuda Y, Takahashi K, Nomura N, Shiraki K. Growth activation of influenza virus by trypsin and effect of T-705 (favipiravir) on trypsin-optimized growth condition. Acta Virol 2019; 63:309-315. [PMID: 31507197 DOI: 10.4149/av_2019_311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Influenza virus is activated by proteolytic cleavage of hemagglutinin by trypsin. After determining the optimal trypsin concentration, intracellular and extracellular influenza A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Victoria/361/2011 (H3N2) virus productions were compared in cultures treated with T-705 (favipiravir) and GS 4071 (an active form of oseltamivir). Although both drugs efficiently inhibited extracellular viral RNA release in a dose-dependent manner, T-705 inhibited it to the level of the inoculum without trypsin treatment, while GS 4071 inhibited it to a final level 10 times higher than that without trypsin. T-705 inhibited intracellular viral RNA production to the level of input virus in both trypsin-treated and untreated cells. In contrast, GS 4071 dose-dependently inhibited intracellular viral RNA production in cells treated with trypsin but allowed viral RNA synthesis. The level of maximum inhibition by GS 4071was 10 times higher than that of cells without trypsin and 1,000 times greater than the inoculum titer in cells without trypsin. T-705 inhibited both intracellular and extracellular virus production 1,000 and 10 times more strongly, respectively, than GS 4071. T-705 has powerful anti-influenza activity in the absence of trypsin and even in the trypsin-optimized growth condition, suggesting the therapeutic advantage in treatment of influenza complicated with bacterial pneumonia. Keywords: influenza; T-705; Tamiflu; trypsin; bacterial trypsin-like protease.
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19
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Umehara A, Nakai S, Okuda T, Ohno M, Nishijima W. Benthic quality assessment using M-AMBI in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Mar Environ Res 2019; 148:67-74. [PMID: 31102904 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Benthic invertebrates that inhabit the seafloor respond to anthropogenic and natural stresses, and are good indicators for assessing the benthic ecological status. We evaluated the ecosystem health of the Seto Inland Sea based on the multivariate AZTI Marine Biotic Index (M-AMBI), being its first application in a Japanese coastal sea with numerous endemic species. From the 415 locations studied, we were able to use M-AMBI in 384 sites (92.5% in all sites). The result revealed a statistically significant correlation among biotic indices including AMBI, M-AMBI, Richness, and H' (p < 0.01). Most of the physico-chemical parameters of the sediment (water content, total organic carbon (TOC) content, sulfide content, mud content, and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP)) were significantly correlated with each other excluding sediment temperature. The M-AMBI was significantly correlated with physico-chemical variables including water content, TOC content, sulfide content, and ORP. We found that the sites classified into the organically enriched cluster, and having high contents of TOC, mud, and sulfide and negative ORP, corresponded with sites that had significantly low M-AMBI values (bad-poor ecological status). Conversely, sites in the unpolluted sandy cluster were assigned high M-AMBI values (high-good ecological status). Therefore, M-AMBI would be a useful biotic index in Japanese coasts due to the representation of the comprehensive sediment quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Umehara
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8513, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Nakai
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Department of Environmental Solution Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokoya, Seta Oe-cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan
| | - Masaki Ohno
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8513, Japan
| | - Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8513, Japan
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Matsuno J, Fujioka J, Okuda T, Ueno K, Mizokawa T, Katsufuji T. Strongly correlated oxides for energy harvesting. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2018; 19:899-908. [PMID: 31001365 PMCID: PMC6454405 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2018.1529524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We review recent advances in strongly correlated oxides as thermoelectric materials in pursuit of energy harvesting. We discuss two topics: one is the enhancement of the ordinary thermoelectric properties by controlling orbital degrees of freedom and orbital fluctuation not only in bulk but also at the interface of correlated oxides. The other topic is the use of new phenomena driven by spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of materials. In 5d electron oxides, we show some SOC-related transport phenomena, which potentially contribute to energy harvesting. We outline the current status and a future perspective of oxides as thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jobu Matsuno
- Department of Physics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jun Fujioka
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ueno
- Department of Basic Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Takuro Katsufuji
- Department of Physics, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Kagami Memorial Laboratory for Material Science and Technology, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Asaoka S, Umehara A, Otani S, Fujii N, Okuda T, Nakai S, Nishijima W, Takeuchi K, Shibata H, Jadoon WA, Hayakawa S. Spatial distribution of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur species in coastal marine sediments Hiroshima Bay, Japan. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 133:891-899. [PMID: 30041392 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to reveal spatial distribution of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur species in marine sediments in Hiroshima Bay, Japan, by direct analyses using a combination of detection tubes and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. In summer and autumn, the hydrogen sulfide concentration ranged from <0.1 to 4 mg-S L-1. In this study, only hydrogen sulfide was observed in autumn and at two stations in summer. In contrast, some earlier studies reported in all seasons in Hiroshima Bay the presence of acid volatile sulfide, which is used as a proxy of sulfide content. The sulfur species in sediments were mainly identified as sulfate, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, and pyrite. Thiosulfate was a minor component compared to the other sulfur species. The formation of pyrite and sulfur derived from hydrogen sulfide oxidation played an important role in the scavenging of hydrogen sulfide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Asaoka
- Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, 5-1-1 Fukaeminami, Higashinada, Kobe 658-0022, Japan.
| | - Akira Umehara
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Sosuke Otani
- Department of Technological Systems, Osaka Prefecture University College of Technology, 26-12, Saiwaicho, Neyagawa, Osaka 572-8572, Japan
| | - Naoki Fujii
- Institute of Lowland and Marine Research, Saga University, 1, Honjyo, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Faculty of Science & Technology, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Setaooe, Ootsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Koji Takeuchi
- National Institute of Technology, Hiroshima College, 4272-1, Higashino, Oosakikamishima, Toyota, Hiroshima 725-0231, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shibata
- National Institute of Technology, Hiroshima College, 4272-1, Higashino, Oosakikamishima, Toyota, Hiroshima 725-0231, Japan
| | - Waqar Azeem Jadoon
- Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, 5-1-1 Fukaeminami, Higashinada, Kobe 658-0022, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Hayakawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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Miyamoto K, Wortelen H, Okuda T, Henk J, Donath M. Circular-polarized-light-induced spin polarization characterized for the Dirac-cone surface state at W(110) with C 2v symmetry. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10440. [PMID: 29993001 PMCID: PMC6041308 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28693-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The C2v surface symmetry of W(110) strongly influences a spin-orbit-induced Dirac-cone-like surface state and its characterization by spin- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. In particular, using circular polarized light, a distinctive k-dependent spin texture is observed along the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\overline{{\boldsymbol{\Gamma }}{\boldsymbol{H}}}$$\end{document}ΓH¯ direction of the surface Brillouin zone. For all spin components Px, Py, and Pz, non-zero values are detected, while the initial-state spin polarization has only a Py component due to mirror symmetry. The observed complex spin texture of the surface state is controlled by transition matrix element effects, which include orbital symmetries of the involved electron states as well as the geometry of the experimental set-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Miyamoto
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan. .,Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Physikalisches Institut, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - H Wortelen
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Physikalisches Institut, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - T Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan
| | - J Henk
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Physik, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 1, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - M Donath
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Physikalisches Institut, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
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24
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Nishikiori R, Sawajiri M, Okuda T, Otoshi A, Watanabe K, Hirata I, Nishijima W, Okazaki M. Effect of ozonated water on the surface roughness of dental stone casts. Dent Mater J 2018; 37:740-745. [PMID: 29848854 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2017-223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Infection control of dental stone cast is an important issue. Ozone is effective for disinfection against microorganisms and inactivation of viruses. However, there is little information regarding the use of ozone. We prepared 4 types of gypsum specimens and 3 types of disinfectants (4-5 ppm Ozonated water [OZW], 2% glutaraldehyde [GL], and 1% sodium hypochlorite [SH]). Gypsum specimens were immersed in each disinfectant for 5 and 10 min, and surface roughness was then examined using laser scanning microscopy. Surface microstructure was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Immersion of gypsum specimens in SH, GL, and OZW increased the surface roughness to a maximum of 1.04, 0.37, and 0.30 μm, respectively, based on the difference between the average values of surface roughness before and after the disinfection procedure. The effects of OZW and GL were comparable. OZW is useful as a candidate for relatively safe disinfection of material for dental stone casts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nishikiori
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Masahiko Sawajiri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University.,Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University
| | - Atsunori Otoshi
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University
| | - Kotaro Watanabe
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Isao Hirata
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University
| | - Masayuki Okazaki
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University
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Takada M, Takeuchi M, Suzuki E, Sato F, Matsumoto Y, Torii M, Sakita-Kawaguchi N, Nakayama Y, Okuda T, Nishino H, Seo S, Hatano E, Toi M. Abstract PD2-07: Real-time navigation for sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer patients using projection mapping with indocyanine green fluorescence. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-pd2-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background)
Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy using indocyanine green fluorescence (fICG) method showed equal or better identification rate compared with blue dye or radioisotope (RI) method. In the fICG method, lymphatic vessels which drain into the SLNs can be seen through skin or subcutaneous tissue using near infrared camera (Photodynamic Eye®: PDE), and we can easily find the SLNs. However, whenever we observe the fluorescence images, we have to hold the PDE, turn off the operating light, and look at a monitor because fluorescence images cannot be seen directly. Medical imaging projection system (MIPS) is a new device which detects fluorescent emission from the organ and projects their images on the location of the fluorescence emission (Panasonic Connected Solutions Company, Japan). Projected images can be adjusted following the body movement or deformation of the organ. Therefore, MIPS could provide an option for real-time navigation for the SLN biopsy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of the MIPS.
Patients and methods)
Patients with clinically node-negative primary breast cancer underwent the fICG SLN biopsy using MIPS. Primary endpoint was identification rate of the fICG method using MIPS. At first, the study was conducted as an interventional study because the MIPS was the unapproved medical device. After approval of the MIPS, this study was conducted as an observational study. The study protocol was approved by the institutional review board at Kyoto University Hospital. All patients provided informed consent to participate in this study.
Results)
Between March 2016 and May 2017, 39 patients (40 procedures) underwent the fICG method SLN biopsy using MIPS. The median age was 55 years (range 32–74 years), and the median body mass index was 20.4 kg/m2 (range 17.7–27.7 kg/m2). About half had tumor stage T1 (58%) and 8 (20.0%) had DCIS. 8 procedures (20%) were performed after preoperative systemic therapy (PST). As MIPS itself can illuminate the operating field, SLN biopsy using MIPS was successfully performed without operating light in all procedures. At least one SLN was detected using MIPS for all procedures and the identification rate was 100% (95% CI: 91–100%). Median number of SLNs detected by MIPS was 3 (range 1–9) for all procedures, and 3 (range 2–8) for procedures after PST. Two pathologically positive SLNs and one SLN which included isolated tumor cells were detected by MIPS. In 25 procedures, RI was also used. 62 of 97 SLNs detected by MIPS (64%) were also detected by RI. However, no SLNs were detected only by RI.
Conclusions)
Although we still may not be able to avoid RI method because 25/40 (62.5%) procedures required the combined use of RI method, the fICG methods SLN biopsy using MIPS, which showed comparable identification rate of SLN with the conventional methods, could be useful tool with a view of allowing us to perform a real-time navigation surgery.
Acknowledgements)
This study was supported by Acceleration Transformative research for Medical innovation, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED).
Citation Format: Takada M, Takeuchi M, Suzuki E, Sato F, Matsumoto Y, Torii M, Sakita-Kawaguchi N, Nakayama Y, Okuda T, Nishino H, Seo S, Hatano E, Toi M. Real-time navigation for sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer patients using projection mapping with indocyanine green fluorescence [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD2-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takada
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - M Takeuchi
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - E Suzuki
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - F Sato
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Y Matsumoto
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - M Torii
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - N Sakita-Kawaguchi
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Y Nakayama
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - T Okuda
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - H Nishino
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - S Seo
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - E Hatano
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - M Toi
- Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan; Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
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26
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Abe H, Jitsuki S, Nakajima W, Murata Y, Higo N, Masuyama H, Mochizuki N, Komori T, Okuda T, Takahashi T. CRMP2 binding compound, T-817-maleic-acid, accelerates motor function recovery from brain damage. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.1678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sato Y, Ohnuma H, Okamoto K, Miyamoto H, Hirakawa M, Uemura N, Kikuchi S, Sagawa T, Fujikawa K, Takahashi Y, Minami S, Okuda T, Takahashi M, Kato J, Takayama T. Phase II study of modified docetaxel, cisplatin and S-1 (mDCS) combination chemotherapy in patients with unresectable metastatic gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx369.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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28
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Yamanouchi S, Nasuno E, Ohno M, Okano C, Iimura KI, Okuda T, Nishijima W, Kato N. Enhancement effects of cationic contaminants from bacteria on cake layer formation and biofouling on an RO membrane. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-017-0093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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29
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Asaoka S, Okamura H, Kim K, Hatanaka Y, Nakamoto K, Hino K, Oikawa T, Hayakawa S, Okuda T. Optimum reaction ratio of coal fly ash to blast furnace cement for effective removal of hydrogen sulfide. Chemosphere 2017; 168:384-389. [PMID: 27810538 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Reducing hydrogen sulfide concentration in eutrophic marine sediments is crucial to maintaining healthy aquatic ecosystems. Managing fly ash, 750 million tons of which is generated annually throughout the world, is another serious environmental problem. In this study, we develop an approach that addresses both these issues by mixing coal fly ash from coal-fired power plants with blast furnace cement to remediate eutrophic sediments. The purpose of this study is to optimize the mixing ratio of coal fly ash and blast furnace cement to improve the rate of hydrogen sulfide removal based on scientific evidence obtained by removal experiments and XAFS, XRD, BET, and SEM images. In the case of 10 mg-S L-1 of hydrogen sulfide, the highest removal rate of hydrogen sulfide was observed for 87 wt% of coal fly ash due to decreased competition of adsorption between sulfide and hydroxyl ions. Whereas regarding 100 mg-S L-1, the hydrogen sulfide removal rate was the highest for 95 wt% of coal fly ash. However, for both concentrations, the removal rate obtained by 87 wt% and 95 wt% were statistically insignificant. The crushing strength of the mixture was over 1.2 N mm-2 when the coal fly ash mixing ratio was less than 95 wt%. Consequently, the mixing ratio of coal fly ash was optimized at 87 wt% in terms of achieving both high hydrogen sulfide removal rate and sufficient crushing strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Asaoka
- Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, 5-1-1 Fukaeminami, Higashinada, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan.
| | - Hideo Okamura
- Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, 5-1-1 Fukaeminami, Higashinada, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
| | - Kyunghoi Kim
- College of Environmental and Marine Sciences and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45, Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Yuzuru Hatanaka
- Faculty of Maritime Sciences, Kobe University, 5-1-1 Fukaeminami, Higashinada, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
| | - Kenji Nakamoto
- The Chugoku Electric Power Co., Inc., 4-33, Komachi,Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8701, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Hino
- The Chugoku Electric Power Co., Inc., 4-33, Komachi,Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8701, Japan
| | - Takahito Oikawa
- The Chugoku Electric Power Co., Inc., 4-33, Komachi,Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8701, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Hayakawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Faculty of Science & Technology, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Setaooe, Ootsu, Shiga, 520-2194, Japan
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Nakai S, Mino ER, Ohno M, Kose T, Okuda T, Nishijima W. Photodegradation of Perfluorooctanoic Acid using Iron in Combination with Chelating Agents. KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.43.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nakai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University
| | | | - Masaki Ohno
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University
| | - Tomohiro Kose
- Faculty of Applied Life Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Ryukoku University
| | - Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University
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Nishijima W, Umehara A, Sekito S, Okuda T, Nakai S. Spatial and temporal distributions of Secchi depths and chlorophyll a concentrations in the Suo Nada of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan, exposed to anthropogenic nutrient loading. Sci Total Environ 2016; 571:543-550. [PMID: 27395073 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Thirty years of monitoring data were used to elucidate the spatial and temporal distributions of Secchi depths in the Suo Nada (Suo Sea) and to evaluate how chlorophyll a concentration and reductions of nutrient loading from the watershed affected those distributions. Secchi depths throughout the Suo Nada were positively correlated with water depths. The spatial and temporal variations of Secchi depths could be explained by variations of phytoplankton biomass in areas where the water depth exceeded 20m, but in areas shallower than 10m, other factors affecting light attenuation beside phytoplankton, which include suspended particulate matter and chromophoric dissolved organic matter, obscured relationships between phytoplankton biomass and Secchi depths. Phosphorus limited phytoplankton biomass in the Suo Nada. The main source of allochthonous phosphorus from the 1980s to the 1990s was the watershed. Because of significant reductions of nutrient loading from the watershed, the Pacific Ocean will most likely be the principal source of allochthonous phosphorus after around 2000, except in areas shallower than 10m.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan.
| | - Akira Umehara
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sekito
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakai
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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Abstract
CT, MR and angiographic findings of 6 patients with 9 skull metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were reviewed. In 3 of 6 patients, local pain or neurologic deficit was the initial main manifestation of the disease, although all had been treated for chronic liver disease. In the remaining 3 patients, skull metastases were detected following treatment of HCC. The metastatic lesions appeared as expansile osteolytic masses on CT and as hypervascular masses on angiography. All lesions were demonstrated on MR imaging. Compared with the brain parenchyma, the lesions were iso- or hypointense on T1-weighted and T2-weighted MR images. The lesions were moderately to markedly enhanced by Gd-DTPA. Flow voids were shown in the tumors in 5 lesions. HCC should be included in the differential diagnosis of an osteolytic hypervascular lesion of the skull, especially in Oriental patients. The relatively hypointense tumor on T2-weighted MR images associated with flow void, different from primary skull tumors or directly invasive tumors, may support the diagnosis of HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Murakami
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Y. Korogi
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Y. Sakamoto
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - M. Takahashi
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - T. Okuda
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - T. Yasunaga
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto City Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - R. Nishimura
- Department of Radiology, National Saishunso Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - S. Yoshimatsu
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto Regional Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
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Ikushima I, Korogi Y, Hirai T, Sugahara T, Shigematsu Y, Okuda T, Takahashi M, Ushio Y. Evaluation of dural sinus invasion and extension of extra-axial intracranial tumors: The advantages of a high-resolution postcontrast 3-D gradient-echo technique. Acta Radiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1258/rsmacta.41.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the usefulness of a postcontrast 3-D Fourier transform (3DFT) gradient-echo (GRE) technique in dural sinus invasion and extension of extraaxial intracranial tumors in comparison with a conventional spin-echo (SE) technique. Material and Methods: Fourteen consecutive patients with 15 extra-axial tumors in contiguity with the dural sinus, including 14 meningiomas and 1 adenoid cystic carcinoma, underwent postcontrast T1-weighted SE and GRE MR studies. Detectability of dural sinus invasion and extension was evaluated using two sequences by two neuroradiologists in a blinded manner and compared with surgical results. Quantitative analysis was also performed to calculate the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between lesion and dural sinus on SE and GRE images. The data were analyzed statistically using a matched paired t-test. Results: In the qualitative evaluation, the detectability of dural sinus invasion in 3DFT-GRE images was superior to that using SE images. The mean CNR for all lesions was 3.86 on SE images and 5.63 on 3DFT-GRE images ( p = 0.03). Conclusion: For evaluation of dural sinus invasion and the extension of extra-axial tumors, postcontrast 3DFT-GRE MR images were superior to conventional SE images.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Ikushima
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Y. Korogi
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - T. Hirai
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - T. Sugahara
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Y. Shigematsu
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - T. Okuda
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - M. Takahashi
- Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Y. Ushio
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Kumamoto, Japan
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Suzuki J, Takahashi H, Tomida M, Hamajima K, Ohhashi Y, Okuda T. EP-1541: Effects of leaf position accuracy of robotic radiotherapy system on dose distribution. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32791-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Manalo CV, Ohno M, Okuda T, Nakai S, Nishijima W. Rapid novel test for the determination of biofouling potential on reverse osmosis membranes. Water Sci Technol 2016; 73:2978-2985. [PMID: 27332844 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel method was proposed to determine biofouling potential by direct analysis of a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane through fluorescence intensity analysis of biofilm formed on the membrane surface, thereby incorporating fouling tendencies of both feedwater and membrane. Evaluation of the biofouling potential on the RO membrane was done by accelerated biofilm formation through soaking of membranes in high biofouling potential waters obtained by adding microorganisms and glucose in test waters. The biofilm formed on the soaked membrane was quantified by fluorescence intensity microplate analysis. The soaking method's capability in detecting biofilm formation was confirmed when percentage coverage obtained through fluorescence microscopy and intensity values exhibited a linear correlation (R(2) = 0.96). Continuous cross-flow experiments confirmed the ability and reliability of the soaking method in giving biofouling potential on RO membranes when a good correlation (R(2) = 0.87) between intensity values of biofilms formed on the membrane during soaking and filtration conditions was obtained. Applicability of the test developed was shown when three commercially available polyamide (PA) RO membranes were assessed for biofouling potential. This new method can also be applied for the determination of biofouling potential in water with more than 3.6 mg L(-1) easily degradable organic carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cervinia V Manalo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan E-mail:
| | - Masaki Ohno
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan E-mail:
| | - Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
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Akiyama YB, Yano H, Koba K, Katayama T, Asaoka S, Okuda T, Nakai S, Yamamoto T, Nishijima W. Evaluation of steelmaking slag as basal media for coastal primary producers. Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 100:240-248. [PMID: 26362456 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of granular steelmaking slag as a substitute for natural sand in the construction of tidal flats was investigated. Using an intertidal flat simulator, we evaluated dephosphorization slag mixed with 8% by dry weight of dredged sediment (DPS+DS) as a basal medium for the growth of benthic macro- and microalgae in comparison with silica sand mixed with 8% dredged sediment (SS+DS). Species compositions of macro- and microalgae were distinctly different between DPS+DS and SS+DS. The mean dry weight of macroalgae on DPS+DS was three orders of magnitude higher than that on SS+DS. Sediment shear strength and pH were higher in DPS+DS than in SS+DS or in the sediment of natural tidal flats. These results suggest that DPS contributes to changing the sediment environment, thereby changing the algal composition compared to the composition on natural tidal flats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro B Akiyama
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Yano
- Department of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Kyohei Koba
- Department of Environmental Dynamics and Management, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Takahiro Katayama
- Department of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Satoshi Asaoka
- Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, 2746, Iwaya, Awaji City, Hyogo 656-2401, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakai
- Department of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Tamiji Yamamoto
- Department of Environmental Dynamics and Management, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
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Mallampati SR, Mitoma Y, Okuda T, Simion C, Lee BK. Solvent-free synthesis and application of nano-Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO4] composite for dual separation and immobilization of stable and radioactive cesium in contaminated soils. J Hazard Mater 2015; 297:74-82. [PMID: 25942697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the synthesis and application of nano-Fe/Ca/CaO-based composite material for use as a separation and immobilizing treatment of dry soil contaminated by stable ((133)Cs) and radioactive cesium species ((134)Cs and (137)Cs). After grinding with nano-Fe/CaO, nano-Fe/Ca/CaO, and nano-Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO4], approximately 31, 25, and 22 wt% of magnetic fraction soil was separated. Their resultant (133)Cs immobilization values were about 78, 81, and 100%, respectively. When real radioactive cesium contaminated soil obtained from Fukushima was treated with nano-Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO4], approximately 27.3 wt% of magnetic and 72.75% of non-magnetic soil fractions were separated. The highest amount of entrapped (134)Cs and (137)Cs was found in the lowest weight of the magnetically separated soil fraction (i.e., 80% in 27.3% of treated soil). Results show that (134)Cs and (137)Cs either in the magnetic or non-magnetic soil fractions was 100% immobilized. The morphology and mineral phases of the nano-Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO4] treated soil were characterized using SEM-EDS, EPMA, and XRD analysis. The EPMA and XRD patterns indicate that the main fraction of enclosed/bound materials on treated soil included Ca/PO4 associated crystalline complexes. These results suggest that simple grinding treatment with nano-Fe/Ca/CaO/[PO4] under dry conditions might be an extremely efficient separation and immobilization method for radioactive cesium contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Mallampati
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoshiharu Mitoma
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 562 Nanatsuka-Cho Shobara City, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan.
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Cristian Simion
- Politehnica University of Bucharest, Department of Organic Chemistry, Bucharest 060042, Romania
| | - Byeong Kyu Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehak-ro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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Sakano M, Okawa K, Kanou M, Sanjo H, Okuda T, Sasagawa T, Ishizaka K. Topologically protected surface states in a centrosymmetric superconductor β-PdBi2. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8595. [PMID: 26460338 PMCID: PMC4633943 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The topological aspects of electrons in solids can emerge in real materials, as represented by topological insulators. In theory, they show a variety of new magneto-electric phenomena, and especially the ones hosting superconductivity are strongly desired as candidates for topological superconductors. While efforts have been made to develop possible topological superconductors by introducing carriers into topological insulators, those exhibiting indisputable superconductivity free from inhomogeneity are very few. Here we report on the observation of topologically protected surface states in a centrosymmetric layered superconductor, β-PdBi2, by utilizing spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Besides the bulk bands, several surface bands are clearly observed with symmetrically allowed in-plane spin polarizations, some of which crossing the Fermi level. These surface states are precisely evaluated to be topological, based on the Z2 invariant analysis in analogy to three-dimensional strong topological insulators. β-PdBi2 may offer a solid stage to investigate the topological aspect in the superconducting condensate. Materials possessing topologically non-trivial electronic surface states are predicted to host exotic Majorana fermion excitations in the superconducting state. Here, the authors demonstrate the existence of topologically-protected surface states in the centrosymmetric layered superconductor β-PdBi2.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakano
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - K Okawa
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - M Kanou
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - H Sanjo
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - T Okuda
- Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - T Sasagawa
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - K Ishizaka
- Department of Applied Physics and Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Nakai S, Okuda T, Nishijima W, Okada M. Production of mono- and di-carboxylated polyethylene glycols as a factor obstacle to the successful ozonation-assisted biodegradation of ethoxylated compounds. Chemosphere 2015; 136:153-9. [PMID: 25985303 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ozonation is believed to improve the biodegradability of organic compounds. In the present study, degradation of nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs) was monitored in hybrid treatment systems consisting of ozonation and microbial degradation processes. We found that ozonation of NPEOs decreased, rather than increased, the biodegradability under certain conditions. The timing of ozonation was a definitive factor in determining whether ozonation increased or decreased the biodegradation rates of NPEOs. Initial ozonation of NPEOs prior to biodegradation reduced the rate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal during the subsequent 14 d of biodegradation, whereas intermediate ozonation at the 9th day of biodegradation improved subsequent DOC removal during 14 d of NPEO biodegradation. Furthermore, reduction of DOC removal was also observed, when initial ozonation prior to biodegradation was subjected to cetyl alcohol ethoxylates. The production of less biodegradable intermediates, such as mono- and dicarboxylated polyethylene glycols (MCPEGs and DCPEGs), was responsible for the negative effect of ozonation on biodegradability of NPEOs. DCPEGs and MCPEGs were produced by biodegradation of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) that were ozonolysis products of the NPEOs, and the biodegradability of DCPEGs and MCPEGs was less than that of the precursor PEGs. The results indicate that, if the target chemicals contain ethoxy chains, production of PEGs may be one of the important factors when ozonation is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nakai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan.
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research Management Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan.
| | - Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research Management Center, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan.
| | - Mitsumasa Okada
- Faculty of Liberal Arts, The Open University of Japan, Chiba 261-8586, Japan.
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Okuyama N, Takeuchi T, Aono N, Oka N, Obata R, Yanagihori S, Okuda T, Kyono K. Impact of assisted oocyte activation on morphokinetics of early human embryos. Fertil Steril 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Abbasi R, Abe M, Abu-Zayyad T, Allen M, Azuma R, Barcikowski E, Belz J, Bergman D, Blake S, Cady R, Chae M, Cheon B, Chiba J, Chikawa M, Cho W, Fujii T, Fukushima M, Goto T, Hanlon W, Hayashi Y, Hayashida N, Hibino K, Honda K, Ikeda D, Inoue N, Ishii T, Ishimori R, Ito H, Ivanov D, Jui C, Kadota K, Kakimoto F, Kalashev O, Kasahara K, Kawai H, Kawakami S, Kawana S, Kawata K, Kido E, Kim H, Kim J, Kim J, Kitamura S, Kitamura Y, Kuzmin V, Kwon Y, Lan J, Lim S, Lundquist J, Machida K, Martens K, Matsuda T, Matsuyama T, Matthews J, Minamino M, Mukai Y, Myers I, Nagasawa K, Nagataki S, Nakamura T, Nonaka T, Nozato A, Ogio S, Ogura J, Ohnishi M, Ohoka H, Oki K, Okuda T, Ono M, Oshima A, Ozawa S, Park I, Pshirkov M, Rodriguez D, Rubtsov G, Ryu D, Sagawa H, Sakurai N, Scott L, Shah P, Shibata F, Shibata T, Shimodaira H, Shin B, Shin H, Smith J, Sokolsky P, Springer R, Stokes B, Stratton S, Stroman T, Suzawa T, Takamura M, Takeda M, Takeishi R, Taketa A, Takita M, Tameda Y, Tanaka H, Tanaka K, Tanaka M, Thomas S, Thomson G, Tinyakov P, Tkachev I, Tokuno H, Tomida T, Troitsky S, Tsunesada Y, Tsutsumi K, Uchihori Y, Udo S, Urban F, Vasiloff G, Wong T, Yamane R, Yamaoka H, Yamazaki K, Yang J, Yashiro K, Yoneda Y, Yoshida S, Yoshii H, Zollinger R, Zundel Z. Measurement of the proton-air cross section with Telescope Array’s Middle Drum detector and surface array in hybrid mode. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.92.032007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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42
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Suzuki J, Okuda T, Sakaino S, Yokota N. SU-E-J-159: Analysis of Total Imaging Uncertainty in Respiratory-Gated Radiotherapy. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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43
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Takimoto K, Chikamori T, Takebayashi H, Okuda T, Miyamoto S, Takuma Y, Inoue Y, Okabe T, Miyamoto K. Usefulness of the Walking Stroop Carpet in evaluating fall risks among the community-dwelling elderly. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nishijima W, Umehara A, Okuda T, Nakai S. Variations in macrobenthic community structures in relation to environmental variables in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Mar Pollut Bull 2015; 92:90-98. [PMID: 25624011 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A data set of 425 sites investigated by the Ministry of the Environment in 2001-2005 was used to evaluate the current sediment situation and its effect on macrobenthic community structure in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. Cluster analysis and principle component analysis of sediments using physico-chemical parameters revealed that total organic carbon, mud, sulfide contents, and oxidation-reduction potential were important parameters influencing macrobenthic population size and biodiversity. A total organic carbon of 1 mg g(-1) interval was highly negatively correlated with two biodiversity indices in the range of 1-20 mg g(-1). Overall, 42% of total sites were organically enriched with much lower macrobenthic population sizes and biodiversity, while 26% were characterized by sandy sediment with a high population size and high proportion of Arthropoda. Nemertea sp., Glycera sp., Notomastus sp. and Ophiophragmus japonicus were common macrobenthos, while Theora fragilis and Ptychoderidae were typical macrobenthos in organically enriched sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan.
| | - Akira Umehara
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakai
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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Kikukawa H, Sakuradani E, Nishibaba Y, Okuda T, Ando A, Shima J, Shimizu S, Ogawa J. Production of cis-11-eicosenoic acid by Mortierella fungi. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 118:641-7. [PMID: 25495454 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To find cis-11-eicosenoic acid (20:1ω9, EA)-producing micro-organisms. METHODS AND RESULTS We found EA-producing fungi by screening about 300 fungal strains and identified a major fatty acid accumulated in the Mortierella fungi as EA by means of GC-MS analysis. In particular, Mortierella chlamydospora CBS 529.75 produced a high amount of EA (36.3 mg g(-1) of dried cells) on cultivation at 28°C for 4 days and then at 12°C for 3 days. In the result of lipid analysis, most of the EA was a component of triacylglycerols, not phospholipids. CONCLUSION We found that M. chlamydospora CBS 529.75 was the best producer for the microbial production of EA. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY EA is beneficial as a raw material for medical supplies and a moisturizing component of cosmetic creams. This is the first report of microbial production of EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kikukawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Mallampati SR, Mitoma Y, Okuda T, Simion C, Lee BK. Dynamic immobilization of simulated radionuclide 133Cs in soil by thermal treatment/vitrification with nanometallic Ca/CaO composites. J Environ Radioact 2015; 139:118-124. [PMID: 25464047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although direct radiation induced health impacts were considered benign, soil contamination with (137)Cs, due to its long-term radiological impact (30 years half-life) and its high biological availability is of a major concern in Japan in the aftermath of the Fukushima nuclear power plant disaster. Therefore (137)Cs reduction and immobilization in contaminated soil are recognized as important problems to be solved using suitable and effective technologies. One such thermal treatment/vitrification with nanometallic Ca/CaO amendments is a promising treatment for the ultimate immobilization of simulated radionuclide (133)Cs in soil, showing low leachability and zero evaporation. Immobilization efficiencies were 88%, 95% and 96% when the (133)Cs soil was treated at 1200 °C with activated carbon, fly ash and nanometallic Ca/CaO additives. In addition, the combination of nanometallic Ca/CaO and fly ash (1:1) enhanced the immobilization efficiency to 99%, while no evaporation of (133)Cs was observed. At lower temperatures (800 °C) the leachable fraction of Cs was only 6% (94% immobilization). Through the SEM-EDS analysis, decrease in the amount of Cs mass percent detectable on soil particle surface was observed after soil vitrified with nCa/CaO + FA. The (133)Cs soil was subjected to vitrified with nCa/CaO + FA peaks related to Ca, crystalline phases (CaCO3/Ca(OH)2), wollastonite, pollucite and hematite appeared in addition to quartz, kaolinite and bentonite, which probably indicates that the main fraction of enclosed/bound materials includes Ca-associated complexes. Thus, the thermal treatment with the addition of nanometallic Ca/CaO and fly ash may be considered potentially applicable for the remediation of radioactive Cs contaminated soil at zero evaporation, relatively at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Mallampati
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoshiharu Mitoma
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 562 Nanatsuka-Cho, Shobara City, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan.
| | - Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8513, Japan
| | - Cristian Simion
- Politehnica University of Bucharest, Department of Organic Chemistry, Bucharest 060042, Romania
| | - Byeong Kyu Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
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Okuda T, Ijichil S, Yamashita S, Yoshioka T, Nishigaki H, Kitawaki J. Diagnostic usefulness of FDG-PET/CT in advanced malignant lymphoma of the uterus: report of two cases. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2015; 36:737-741. [PMID: 26775364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Summary Malignant lymphoma of the uterus is difficult to diagnose because of its rarity and nonspecific symptoms. However, recently, 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) has become an important non-invasive diagnostic tool for the management of lymphoma patients. The authors report two cases of malignant lymphoma of the uterus, in which FDG-PET/CT was useful for diagnosis. Examination using ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a normal-sized uterus and normal endometrium, but FDG-PET/CT showed FDG accumulation in the uterine body in both cases. Endometrial biopsy revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and chemotherapy with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) was initiated immediately. Primary malignant lymphoma of the female genitalia is reported to be rare. The present authors' experience with FDG-PET/CT suggests that malignant lymphoma of the female genitalia (including metastasis) may not be as rare as previously reported. Uterine malignant lymphoma may be overlooked by the examination of ultrasound, CT, or MRI.
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Muroga T, Nagasaka T, Li Y, Abe H, Ukai S, Kimura A, Okuda T. Fabrication and characterization of reference 9Cr and 12Cr-ODS low activation ferritic/martensitic steels. Fusion Engineering and Design 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Okuda T, Nishijima W, Sugimoto M, Saka N, Nakai S, Tanabe K, Ito J, Takenaka K, Okada M. Removal of coagulant aluminum from water treatment residuals by acid. Water Res 2014; 60:75-81. [PMID: 24835954 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Sediment sludge during coagulation and sedimentation in drinking water treatment is called "water treatment residuals (WTR)". Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is mainly used as a coagulant in Japan. The recycling of WTR has been desired; one method for its reuse is as plowed soil. However, WTR reuse in this way is inhibited by the aluminum from the added PAC, because of its high adsorption capacity for phosphate and other fertilizer components. The removal of such aluminum from WTR would therefore be advantageous for its reuse as plowed soil; this research clarified the effect of acid washing on aluminum removal from WTR and on plant growth in the treated soil. The percentage of aluminum removal from raw WTR by sulphuric acid solution was around 90% at pH 3, the percentage decreasing to 40% in the case of a sun-dried sample. The maximum phosphate adsorption capacity was decreased and the available phosphorus was increased by acid washing, with 90% of aluminum removal. The enhancement of Japanese mustard spinach growth and the increased in plant uptake of phosphates following acid washing were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, Japan.
| | - Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Mayo Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Saka
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Kazuyasu Tanabe
- Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Fukuyama University, Japan
| | - Junki Ito
- Agricultural Technology Research Center in Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute, Japan
| | - Kenji Takenaka
- Agricultural Technology Research Center in Hiroshima Prefectural Technology Research Institute, Japan
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Okuda T, Asaoka S, Yano H, Yoshitsugu K, Nakai S, Nishijima W, Sugimoto K, Matsunami D, Asaoka Y, Okada M. Chemical behavior of sand alternatives in the marine environment. Chemosphere 2014; 111:164-168. [PMID: 24997914 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Steel slag and granulated agglomerates from the steelmaking process, clinker ash and granulated agglomerates from thermal power stations, and molten slag from municipal solid waste incineration plants are some of the promising alternatives to marine sand for restoration of coastal marine habitats. In this study, the characteristics of elution of Ca from the six sand alternatives during aging in the marine environment was determined. The maximum calcium elution potentials of decarburized slag, dephosphorized slag, granulated slag, clinker ash, granulated ash, and molten slag were 204, 75, 26, 6, 19, and 5mgg(-1), respectively. However, the elution of Ca from decarburized and dephosphorized slags was limited to depths of about 140 and 300μm from the surface of the slag, whereas there was no limitation in calcium elution in 3mm from granulated agglomerates and ash. The maximum amount of calcium eluted into seawater during 500d was estimated to be almost the same for the four alternatives if the particle diameters were about 4.75mm because of the shallow maximum calcium elution depth of the decarburized and dephosphorized slag, even though their maximum elution potentials were 3-10 times those of granulated slag and granulated ash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuji Okuda
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Asaoka
- Faculty of Maritime Sciences, Kobe University, 5-1-1, Fukae-Minamimachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe City, Hyougo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Yano
- Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kouji Yoshitsugu
- Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakai
- Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research and Management Center, Hiroshima University, 1-5-3 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenji Sugimoto
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Ube National College of Technology, 2-14-1 Tokiwadai, Ube City, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Daijirou Matsunami
- Chugoku-Shikoku Defense Bureau, 6-30, Kamihacchoubori, Nakaku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yorihide Asaoka
- Chugoku-Shikoku Defense Bureau, 6-30, Kamihacchoubori, Nakaku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Okada
- The Faculty of Liberal Arts, Open University of Japan, 1-3-93, Bunkyo-Cho, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-0033, Japan
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