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Bressler M, Zhu J, Olick-Gibson J, Haefner J, Zhou S, Chen Q, Mazur T, Hao Y, Carter P, Zhang T. Millimeter wave-based patient setup verification and motion tracking during radiotherapy. Med Phys 2024; 51:2967-2974. [PMID: 38456557 PMCID: PMC11000493 DOI: 10.1002/mp.17019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Position verification and motion monitoring are critical for safe and precise radiotherapy (RT). Existing approaches to these tasks based on visible light or x-ray are suboptimal either because they cannot penetrate obstructions to the patient's skin or introduce additional radiation exposure. The low-cost mmWave radar is an ideal solution for these tasks as it can monitor patient position and motion continuously throughout the treatment delivery. PURPOSE To develop and validate frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) mmWave radars for position verification and motion tracking during RT delivery. METHODS A 77 GHz FMCW mmWave module was used in this study. Chirp Z Transform-based (CZT) algorithm was developed to process the intermediate frequency (IF) signals. Absolute distances to flat Solid Water slabs and human shape phantoms were measured. The accuracy of absolute distance and relative displacement were evaluated. RESULTS Without obstruction, mmWave based on the CZT algorithm was able to detect absolute distance within 1 mm for a Solid Water slab that simulated the reflectivity of the human body. Through obstructive materials, the mmWave device was able to detect absolute distance within 5 mm in the worst case and within 3.5 mm in most cases. The CZT algorithm significantly improved the accuracy of absolute distance measurement compared with Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm and was able to achieve submillimeter displacement accuracy with and without obstructions. The surface-to-skin distance (SSD) measurement accuracy was within 8 mm in the anterior of the phantom. CONCLUSIONS With the CZT signal processing algorithm, the mmWave radar is able to measure the absolute distance to a flat surface within 1 mm. But the absolute distance measurement to a human shape phantom is as large as 8 mm at some angles. Further improvement is necessary to improve the accuracy of SSD measurement to uneven surfaces by the mmWave radar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Bressler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jingxuan Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Joshua Olick-Gibson
- Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Jonathan Haefner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Qinghao Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yao Hao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Paul Carter
- Office of Technology Management, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tiezhi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Ginn J, Duriseti S, Mazur T, Spraker M, Kavanaugh J. A Dose Accumulation Assessment of Alignment Errors During Spatially Fractionated Radiation Therapy. Pract Radiat Oncol 2023:S1879-8500(23)00342-9. [PMID: 38081359 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Spatially fractionated radiation therapy (SFRT) techniques produce high-dose peaks and low-dose valleys within a tumor. Lattice stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a form a SFRT delivered across 5 fractions. Because of the high spatial dose gradients associated with SFRT, it is critical for fractionated SFRT patients to be aligned correctly for treatment. Here we investigate the dosimetric effect of daily alignment uncertainty through a dose accumulation study. METHODS AND MATERIALS Dose accumulation was retrospectively performed for 10 patients enrolled on a phase 1 trial. Lattice stereotactic body radiation therapy was completed in 5 fractions with 20 Gy prescribed to the entire tumor and a simultaneous integrated boost of 66.7 Gy prescribed to a set of regularly spaced high-dose spheres. Daily alignment error was quantified through manually selected landmarks in both the planning computed tomography scan and daily cone beam computed tomography. The dosimetric effect of alignment errors was quantified by translating the isocenter in the treatment planning system by the daily average alignment error. Large errors were simulated by translating isocenter 5 and 10 mm for 1 and 2 fractions, independently assessing errors in the superior-inferior and axial directions. The reduction of dose gradients was quantified using the dose ratio (DR) of the mean dose in the high-dose and low-dose spheres. RESULTS The average alignment error was 1.8 mm across the patient population resulting in minor smoothing of the high- and low-dose distributions in the dose accumulation. Quantitatively, the DR decreased from 3.42 to 3.32 (P = .093) in the dose accumulation study. The simulated worst case was an inferior-superior shift of 10 mm for 2 fractions where the average DR decreased to 2.72 (P = .0001). CONCLUSIONS The dose accumulation study revealed on average DR only decreased from 3.42 to 3.32. However, setup errors >5 mm resulted in larger dosimetric degradation, reflecting a larger effect for individual high-dose spheres within regions exhibiting larger displacements.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Ginn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sai Duriseti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - James Kavanaugh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
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Price AT, Schiff JP, Zhu T, Mazur T, Kavanaugh JA, Maraghechi B, Green O, Kim H, Spraker MB, Henke LE. First treatments for Lattice stereotactic body radiation therapy using magnetic resonance image guided radiation therapy. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2023; 39:100577. [PMID: 36718251 PMCID: PMC9883196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2023.100577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Two abdominal patients were treated with Lattice stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) using magnetic resonance guided radiation therapy (MRgRT). This is one of the first reported treatments of Lattice SBRT with the use of MRgRT. A description of the treatment approach and planning considerations were incorporated into this report. MRgRT Lattice SBRT delivered similar planning quality metrics to established dosimetric parameters for Lattice SBRT. Increased signal intensity were seen in the MRI treatments for one of the patients during the course of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex T. Price
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Joshua P. Schiff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tong Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Borna Maraghechi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Olga Green
- Varian Medical Systems, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Lauren E. Henke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA
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4
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Maraghechi B, Mazur T, Lam D, Price A, Henke L, Kim H, Hugo GD, Cai B. Phantom-based Quality Assurance of a Clinical Dose Accumulation Technique Used in an Online Adaptive Radiation Therapy Platform. Adv Radiat Oncol 2022; 8:101138. [PMID: 36691450 PMCID: PMC9860416 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2022.101138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to develop a routine quality assurance method for a dose accumulation technique provided by a radiation therapy platform for online treatment adaptation. Methods and Materials Two commonly used phantoms were selected for the dose accumulation QA: Electron density and anthropomorphic pelvis. On a computed tomography (CT) scan of the electron density phantom, 1 target (gross tumor volume [GTV]; insert at 6 o'clock), a subvolume within this target, and 7 organs at risk (OARs; other inserts) were contoured in the treatment planning system (TPS). Two adaptation sessions were performed in which the GTV was recontoured, first at 7 o'clock and then at 5 o'clock. The accumulated dose was exported from the TPS after delivery. Deformable vector fields were also exported to manually accumulate doses for comparison. For the pelvis phantom, synthetic Gaussian deformations were applied to the planning CT image to simulate organ changes. Two single-fraction adaptive plans were created based on the deformed planning CT and cone beam CT images acquired onboard the radiation therapy platform. A manual dose accumulation was performed after delivery using the exported deformable vector fields for comparison with the system-generated result. Results All plans were successfully delivered, and the accumulated dose was both manually calculated and derived from the TPS. For the electron density phantom, the average mean dose differences in the GTV, boost volume, and OARs 1 to 7 were 0.0%, -0.2%, 92.0%, 78.4%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 0.0%, 0.0%, and 2.3%, respectively, between the manually summed and platform-accumulated doses. The gamma passing rates for the 3-dimensional dose comparison between the manually generated and TPS-provided dose accumulations were >99% for both phantoms. Conclusions This study demonstrated agreement between manually obtained and TPS-generated accumulated doses in terms of both mean structure doses and local 3-dimensional dose distributions. Large disagreements were observed for OAR1 and OAR2 defined on the electron density phantom due to OARs having lower deformation priority over the target in addition to artificially large changes in position induced for these structures fraction-by-fraction. The tests applied in this study to a commercial platform provide a straightforward approach toward the development of routine quality assurance of dose accumulation in online adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borna Maraghechi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Dao Lam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Alex Price
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Lauren Henke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Geoffrey D. Hugo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri,Corresponding author: Geoffrey Hugo, PhD
| | - Bin Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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5
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Coleman E, Radix AE, Bouman WP, Brown GR, de Vries ALC, Deutsch MB, Ettner R, Fraser L, Goodman M, Green J, Hancock AB, Johnson TW, Karasic DH, Knudson GA, Leibowitz SF, Meyer-Bahlburg HFL, Monstrey SJ, Motmans J, Nahata L, Nieder TO, Reisner SL, Richards C, Schechter LS, Tangpricha V, Tishelman AC, Van Trotsenburg MAA, Winter S, Ducheny K, Adams NJ, Adrián TM, Allen LR, Azul D, Bagga H, Başar K, Bathory DS, Belinky JJ, Berg DR, Berli JU, Bluebond-Langner RO, Bouman MB, Bowers ML, Brassard PJ, Byrne J, Capitán L, Cargill CJ, Carswell JM, Chang SC, Chelvakumar G, Corneil T, Dalke KB, De Cuypere G, de Vries E, Den Heijer M, Devor AH, Dhejne C, D'Marco A, Edmiston EK, Edwards-Leeper L, Ehrbar R, Ehrensaft D, Eisfeld J, Elaut E, Erickson-Schroth L, Feldman JL, Fisher AD, Garcia MM, Gijs L, Green SE, Hall BP, Hardy TLD, Irwig MS, Jacobs LA, Janssen AC, Johnson K, Klink DT, Kreukels BPC, Kuper LE, Kvach EJ, Malouf MA, Massey R, Mazur T, McLachlan C, Morrison SD, Mosser SW, Neira PM, Nygren U, Oates JM, Obedin-Maliver J, Pagkalos G, Patton J, Phanuphak N, Rachlin K, Reed T, Rider GN, Ristori J, Robbins-Cherry S, Roberts SA, Rodriguez-Wallberg KA, Rosenthal SM, Sabir K, Safer JD, Scheim AI, Seal LJ, Sehoole TJ, Spencer K, St Amand C, Steensma TD, Strang JF, Taylor GB, Tilleman K, T'Sjoen GG, Vala LN, Van Mello NM, Veale JF, Vencill JA, Vincent B, Wesp LM, West MA, Arcelus J. Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8. Int J Transgend Health 2022; 23:S1-S259. [PMID: 36238954 PMCID: PMC9553112 DOI: 10.1080/26895269.2022.2100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 455] [Impact Index Per Article: 227.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: Transgender healthcare is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field. In the last decade, there has been an unprecedented increase in the number and visibility of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people seeking support and gender-affirming medical treatment in parallel with a significant rise in the scientific literature in this area. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) is an international, multidisciplinary, professional association whose mission is to promote evidence-based care, education, research, public policy, and respect in transgender health. One of the main functions of WPATH is to promote the highest standards of health care for TGD people through the Standards of Care (SOC). The SOC was initially developed in 1979 and the last version (SOC-7) was published in 2012. In view of the increasing scientific evidence, WPATH commissioned a new version of the Standards of Care, the SOC-8. Aim: The overall goal of SOC-8 is to provide health care professionals (HCPs) with clinical guidance to assist TGD people in accessing safe and effective pathways to achieving lasting personal comfort with their gendered selves with the aim of optimizing their overall physical health, psychological well-being, and self-fulfillment. Methods: The SOC-8 is based on the best available science and expert professional consensus in transgender health. International professionals and stakeholders were selected to serve on the SOC-8 committee. Recommendation statements were developed based on data derived from independent systematic literature reviews, where available, background reviews and expert opinions. Grading of recommendations was based on the available evidence supporting interventions, a discussion of risks and harms, as well as the feasibility and acceptability within different contexts and country settings. Results: A total of 18 chapters were developed as part of the SOC-8. They contain recommendations for health care professionals who provide care and treatment for TGD people. Each of the recommendations is followed by explanatory text with relevant references. General areas related to transgender health are covered in the chapters Terminology, Global Applicability, Population Estimates, and Education. The chapters developed for the diverse population of TGD people include Assessment of Adults, Adolescents, Children, Nonbinary, Eunuchs, and Intersex Individuals, and people living in Institutional Environments. Finally, the chapters related to gender-affirming treatment are Hormone Therapy, Surgery and Postoperative Care, Voice and Communication, Primary Care, Reproductive Health, Sexual Health, and Mental Health. Conclusions: The SOC-8 guidelines are intended to be flexible to meet the diverse health care needs of TGD people globally. While adaptable, they offer standards for promoting optimal health care and guidance for the treatment of people experiencing gender incongruence. As in all previous versions of the SOC, the criteria set forth in this document for gender-affirming medical interventions are clinical guidelines; individual health care professionals and programs may modify these in consultation with the TGD person.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Coleman
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A E Radix
- Callen-Lorde Community Health Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - W P Bouman
- Nottingham Centre for Transgender Health, Nottingham, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - G R Brown
- James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
- James H. Quillen VAMC, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - A L C de Vries
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M B Deutsch
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF Gender Affirming Health Program, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - R Ettner
- New Health Foundation Worldwide, Evanston, IL, USA
- Weiss Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - L Fraser
- Independent Practice, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M Goodman
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J Green
- Independent Scholar, Vancouver, WA, USA
| | - A B Hancock
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - T W Johnson
- Department of Anthropology, California State University, Chico, CA, USA
| | - D H Karasic
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Independent Practice at dankarasic.com
| | - G A Knudson
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S F Leibowitz
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - H F L Meyer-Bahlburg
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - J Motmans
- Transgender Infopunt, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
- Centre for Research on Culture and Gender, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - L Nahata
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
- Endocrinology and Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - T O Nieder
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Interdisciplinary Transgender Health Care Center Hamburg, Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S L Reisner
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Richards
- Regents University London, UK
- Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - V Tangpricha
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - A C Tishelman
- Boston College, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - M A A Van Trotsenburg
- Bureau GenderPRO, Vienna, Austria
- University Hospital Lilienfeld-St. Pölten, St. Pölten, Austria
| | - S Winter
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - K Ducheny
- Howard Brown Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - N J Adams
- University of Toronto, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, Toronto, Canada
- Transgender Professional Association for Transgender Health (TPATH)
| | - T M Adrián
- Asamblea Nacional de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
- Diverlex Diversidad e Igualdad a Través de la Ley, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - L R Allen
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - D Azul
- La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
| | - H Bagga
- Monash Health Gender Clinic, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K Başar
- Department of Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - D S Bathory
- Independent Practice at Bathory International PLLC, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - J J Belinky
- Durand Hospital, Guemes Clinic and Urological Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D R Berg
- National Center for Gender Spectrum Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J U Berli
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - R O Bluebond-Langner
- NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - M-B Bouman
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M L Bowers
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, Burlingame, CA, USA
| | - P J Brassard
- GrS Montreal, Complexe CMC, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Université de Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Byrne
- University of Waikato/Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, Hamilton/Kirikiriroa, New Zealand/Aotearoa
| | - L Capitán
- The Facialteam Group, Marbella International Hospital, Marbella, Spain
| | | | - J M Carswell
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston's Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S C Chang
- Independent Practice, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - G Chelvakumar
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - T Corneil
- School of Population & Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K B Dalke
- Penn State Health, PA, USA
- Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - G De Cuypere
- Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | - E de Vries
- Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
- University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Den Heijer
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Endocrinology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A H Devor
- University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - C Dhejne
- ANOVA, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A D'Marco
- UCTRANS-United Caribbean Trans Network, Nassau, The Bahamas
- D M A R C O Organization, Nassau, The Bahamas
| | - E K Edmiston
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L Edwards-Leeper
- Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR, USA
- Independent Practice, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - R Ehrbar
- Whitman Walker Health, Washington, DC, USA
- Independent Practice, Maryland, USA
| | - D Ehrensaft
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J Eisfeld
- Transvisie, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E Elaut
- Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Clinical Experimental and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - L Erickson-Schroth
- The Jed Foundation, New York, NY, USA
- Hetrick-Martin Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - J L Feldman
- Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A D Fisher
- Andrology, Women Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - M M Garcia
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Departments of Urology and Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - L Gijs
- Institute of Family and Sexuality Studies, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - B P Hall
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Adult Gender Medicine Clinic, Durham, NC, USA
| | - T L D Hardy
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - M S Irwig
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - A C Janssen
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - K Johnson
- RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
- University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - D T Klink
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, ZNA Queen Paola Children's Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - B P C Kreukels
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L E Kuper
- Department of Psychiatry, Southwestern Medical Center, University of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Endocrinology, Children's Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - E J Kvach
- Denver Health, Denver, CO, USA
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - M A Malouf
- Malouf Counseling and Consulting, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Massey
- WPATH Global Education Institute
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - T Mazur
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- John R. Oishei Children's Hospital, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - C McLachlan
- Professional Association for Transgender Health, South Africa
- Gender DynamiX, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S D Morrison
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - S W Mosser
- Gender Confirmation Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Saint Francis Memorial Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - P M Neira
- Johns Hopkins Center for Transgender Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Johns Hopkins Medicine Office of Diversity, Inclusion and Health Equity, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - U Nygren
- Division of Speech and Language Pathology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Speech and Language Pathology, Medical Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J M Oates
- La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
- Melbourne Voice Analysis Centre, East Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Obedin-Maliver
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - G Pagkalos
- Independent PracticeThessaloniki, Greece
- Military Community Mental Health Center, 424 General Military Training Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J Patton
- Talkspace, New York, NY, USA
- CytiPsychological LLC, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - N Phanuphak
- Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - K Rachlin
- Independent Practice, New York, NY, USA
| | - T Reed
- Gender Identity Research and Education Society, Leatherhead, UK
| | - G N Rider
- National Center for Gender Spectrum Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J Ristori
- Andrology, Women Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - S A Roberts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston's Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K A Rodriguez-Wallberg
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S M Rosenthal
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF Child and Adolescent Gender Center
| | - K Sabir
- FtM Phoenix Group, Krasnodar Krai, Russia
| | - J D Safer
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mount Sinai Center for Transgender Medicine and Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - A I Scheim
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Ontario, Canada
| | - L J Seal
- Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - K Spencer
- National Center for Gender Spectrum Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - C St Amand
- University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - T D Steensma
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J F Strang
- Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - G B Taylor
- Atrium Health Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - K Tilleman
- Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | - G G T'Sjoen
- Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
| | - L N Vala
- Independent Practice, Campbell, CA, USA
| | - N M Van Mello
- Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J F Veale
- School of Psychology, University of Waikato/Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, Hamilton/Kirikiriroa, New Zealand/Aotearoa
| | - J A Vencill
- Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - B Vincent
- Trans Learning Partnership at https://spectra-london.org.uk/trans-learning-partnership, UK
| | - L M Wesp
- College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin MilwaukeeMilwaukee, WI, USA
- Health Connections Inc., Glendale, WI, USA
| | - M A West
- North Memorial Health Hospital, Robbinsdale, MN, USA
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J Arcelus
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Zhang J, Eteleeb AM, Rozycki EB, Inkman MJ, Ly A, Scharf RE, Jayachandran K, Krasnick BA, Mazur T, White NM, Fields RC, Maher CA. DANSR: A Tool for the Detection of Annotated and Novel Small RNAs. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8010009. [PMID: 35076605 PMCID: PMC8788476 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing small noncoding RNA analysis tools are optimized for processing short sequencing reads (17-35 nucleotides) to monitor microRNA expression. However, these strategies under-represent many biologically relevant classes of small noncoding RNAs in the 36-200 nucleotides length range (tRNAs, snoRNAs, etc.). To address this, we developed DANSR, a tool for the detection of annotated and novel small RNAs using sequencing reads with variable lengths (ranging from 17-200 nt). While DANSR is broadly applicable to any small RNA dataset, we applied it to a cohort of matched normal, primary, and distant metastatic colorectal cancer specimens to demonstrate its ability to quantify annotated small RNAs, discover novel genes, and calculate differential expression. DANSR is available as an open source tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA; (J.Z.); (M.J.I.); (K.J.); (T.M.)
- Institute for Informatics (I2), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (N.M.W.); (R.C.F.)
| | - Abdallah M. Eteleeb
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Emily B. Rozycki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (E.B.R.); (A.L.)
| | - Matthew J. Inkman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA; (J.Z.); (M.J.I.); (K.J.); (T.M.)
| | - Amy Ly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (E.B.R.); (A.L.)
| | - Russell E. Scharf
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA;
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Kay Jayachandran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA; (J.Z.); (M.J.I.); (K.J.); (T.M.)
| | - Bradley A. Krasnick
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA; (J.Z.); (M.J.I.); (K.J.); (T.M.)
| | - Nicole M. White
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (N.M.W.); (R.C.F.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (E.B.R.); (A.L.)
| | - Ryan C. Fields
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (N.M.W.); (R.C.F.)
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Christopher A. Maher
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (N.M.W.); (R.C.F.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; (E.B.R.); (A.L.)
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63105, USA
- Correspondence:
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7
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Schmidt MC, Pryser EA, Baumann BC, Yaqoub MM, Raman CA, Szentivanyi P, Michalski JM, Gay HA, Knutson NC, Hugo G, Sajo E, Zygmanski P, Mazur T, Dise J, Cammin J, Laugeman E, Reynoso FJ. Development and Implementation of an Open Source Template Interpretation Class Library for Automated Treatment Planning. Pract Radiat Oncol 2021; 12:e153-e160. [PMID: 34839048 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Widespread implementation of automated treatment planning in radiation therapy remains elusive due to variability in clinic and physician preferences making it difficult to ensure consistent plan parameters. We have developed an open-source class library with the aim to improve efficiency and consistency for automated treatment planning in radiation therapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS An open source class library has been developed that interprets clinical templates within a commercial treatment planning system into a treatment plan for automated planning. This code was leveraged for the automated planning of 39 patients and retrospectively compared to the 78 clinically approved manual plans. RESULTS From the initial 39 patients, 74 of 78 plans were successfully generated without manual intervention. Target dose was more homogenous for automated plans, with an average homogeneity index of 3.30 vs 3.11 for manual and automated plans, respectively (p = 0.107). Generalized equivalent uniform dose decreased in the femurs and rectum for automated plans, with mean gEUD of 3746 cGy vs 3338 cGy (p ≤ 0.001) and 5761 cGy vs 5634 cGy (p ≤ 0.001) for femurs and rectum, respectively. Dose metrics for bladder and rectum (V6500 cGy and V4000 cGy) show recognizable but insignificant improvements. All automated plans delivered for quality assurance passed a gamma analysis (>95%) with an average composite pass rate of 99.3% and 98.8% for pelvis and prostate plans, respectively. Deliverability parameters such as total monitor units and aperture complexity indicate deliverable plans. CONCLUSIONS Prostate cancer and pelvic node radiotherapy can be automated using VMAT planning and clinical templates based on a standardized clinical workflow. The class library developed in this study conveniently interfaces between the plan template and the treatment planning system to automatically generate high quality plans on customizable templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Schmidt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts.
| | - Eleanor A Pryser
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Brian C Baumann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Mahmoud M Yaqoub
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Caleb A Raman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Jeff M Michalski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Hiram A Gay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Nels C Knutson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Geoffrey Hugo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Erno Sajo
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Piotr Zygmanski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Joseph Dise
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jochen Cammin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Eric Laugeman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Francisco J Reynoso
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Cordova J, Mazur T, Mitchell T, Perez-Carrillo G, Wang Q, Wang Y, Ponisio M, Huang J. RADT-12. USE OF FDOPA PET FOR RADIATION THERAPY TARGETING IN GRADE 2 IDH MUTANT GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Low-grade, IDH mutant (IDHmt) gliomas typically do not enhance on MRI complicating radiotherapy (RT) target delineation. Amino acid PET using 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]-fluoro-L-phenylalanine (FDOPA) has demonstrated avidity in IDHmt gliomas and may assist in RT planning for non-enhancing tumors. This study aims to compare conventional and FDOPA-defined target volumes in grade 2 IDHmt gliomas.
METHODS
In a prospective pilot study, patients underwent MRI and FDOPA PET using a 3T MRI/PET system followed by standard therapy. Gross tumor volumes (GTV) included the T2/FLAIR abnormality and surgical cavity; clinical target volumes (CTV) included a 1 cm expansion constrained anatomically. Metabolic target volumes (MTVs) were generated using the FDOPA SUV > 1.5-fold normal brain isocurve. Union of GTV and MTV generated a fusion GTV (fGTV); expanding fGTV by 1 cm yielded the fusion CTV (fCTV). Target volumes were compared volumetrically with overlap (Dice coefficient) and surface metrics (Hausdorff distance). Medians are reported with ranges.
RESULTS
Four patients with grade 2 IDHmt glioma (3 1p/19q codeleted oligodendrogliomas, 1 non-codeleted astrocytoma) received MRI/PET before treatment. All oligodendrogliomas exhibited FDOPA avidity; the astrocytoma showed no avidity. GTV and CTV measured 16.1 cc (4.9 - 82.2 cc) and 76.7 cc (29.5 - 256.1 cc), respectively. The MTV volume outside of GTV was 0.8 cc (0.2 – 6.1 cc), but was covered in each case by the CTV. Addition of FDOPA increased fGTV and fCTV volumes by 5.4% and 17.5%, respectively. Dice coefficient and Hausdorff distances for GTV vs fGTV were 0.96 (0.95 - 0.99) and 11.2 mm (10.0 – 11.9 mm), respectively, and for CTV vs fCTV were 0.87 (0.81 – 0.95) and 10.2 mm (10.0 - 11.0), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
FDOPA PET identified tracer-avid regions outside of MRI-defined GTVs in a group of IDHmt gliomas. FDOPA PET provides useful metabolic information for RT planning and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Cordova
- Washington Univeristy School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Washington Univeristy School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Qing Wang
- Washington Univeristy School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yong Wang
- Washington Univeristy School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Maria Ponisio
- Washington Univeristy School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jiayi Huang
- Washington Univeristy School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
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Abstract
Understanding and characterizing the influence of polymers and surfactants on rheology, application, and processing is critical for designing complex fluid formulations for enhanced oil recovery, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, foods, inks, agricultural sprays, and coatings. It is well-established that the addition of anionic surfactant like sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to an aqueous solution of an oppositely-charged or uncharged polymer like poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) can result in the formation of the polymer-surfactant association complexes (P0S-ACs) and a non-monotonic concentration-dependent variation in zero shear viscosity. However, the extensional rheology response of polymer-surfactant mixtures remains relatively poorly understood, partially due to characterization challenges that arise for low viscosity, low elasticity fluids, even though the response to strong extensional flows impacts drop formation and many processing operations. In this article, we use the recently developed dripping-onto-substrate (DoS) rheometry protocols to characterize the pinching dynamics and extensional rheology response of aqueous P0S- solutions formulated with PEO (P0) and SDS (S-), respectively. We find the PEO-SDS mixtures display a significantly weaker concentration-dependent variation in the extensional relaxation time, filament lifespan, and extensional viscosity values than anticipated by the measured shear viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 W. Taylor St, IL 60608, USA.
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, 929 W. Taylor St, IL 60608, USA.
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Kim T, Lewis BC, Price A, Mazur T, Gach HM, Park JC, Cai B, Wittland E, Henke L, Kim H, Mutic S, Green O. Direct tumor visual feedback during free breathing in 0.35T MRgRT. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2020; 21:241-247. [PMID: 32931649 PMCID: PMC7592976 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To present a tumor motion control system during free breathing using direct tumor visual feedback to patients in 0.35 T magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT). We present direct tumor visualization to patients by projecting real-time cine MR images on an MR-compatible display system inside a 0.35 T MRgRT bore. The direct tumor visualization included anatomical images with a target contour and an auto-segmented gating contour. In addition, a beam-status sign was added for patient guidance. The feasibility was investigated with a six-patient clinical evaluation of the system in terms of tumor motion range and beam-on time. Seven patients without visual guidance were used for comparison. Positions of the tumor and the auto-segmented gating contour from the cine MR images were used in probability analysis to evaluate tumor motion control. In addition, beam-on time was recorded to assess the efficacy of the visual feedback system. The direct tumor visualization system was developed and implemented in our clinic. The target contour extended 3 mm outside of the gating contour for 33.6 ± 24.9% of the time without visual guidance, and 37.2 ± 26.4% of the time with visual guidance. The average maximum motion outside of the gating contour was 14.4 ± 11.1 mm without and 13.0 ± 7.9 mm with visual guidance. Beam-on time as a percentage was 43.9 ± 15.3% without visual guidance, and 48.0 ± 21.2% with visual guidance, but was not significantly different (P = 0.34). We demonstrated the clinical feasibility and potential benefits of presenting direct tumor visual feedback to patients in MRgRT. The visual feedback allows patients to visualize and attempt to minimize tumor motion in free breathing. The proposed system and associated clinical workflow can be easily adapted for any type of MRgRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeho Kim
- Department of Radiation OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO63110USA
| | - Benjamin C. Lewis
- Department of Radiation OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO63110USA
| | - Alex Price
- Department of Radiation OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO63110USA
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Department of Radiation OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO63110USA
| | - H. Michael Gach
- Department of Radiation OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO63110USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical EngineeringWashington University in St. LouisSt LouisMO63110USA
| | - Justin C. Park
- Department of Radiation OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO63110USA
| | - Bin Cai
- Department of Radiation OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO63110USA
| | - Erin Wittland
- Department of Radiation OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO63110USA
| | - Lauren Henke
- Department of Radiation OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO63110USA
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiation OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO63110USA
| | - Sasa Mutic
- Department of Radiation OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO63110USA
| | - Olga Green
- Department of Radiation OncologyWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO63110USA
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11
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Peng J, Li H, Laugeman E, Mazur T, Lam D, Li T, Sun B, Hu W, Dong L, Hugo GD, Mutic S, Cai B. Long-term Inter-protocol kV CBCT image quality assessment for a ring-gantry linac via automated QA approach. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2020; 6:015025. [PMID: 33438613 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ab693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We develop a fully automated QA process to compare the image quality of all kV CBCT protocols on a Halcyon linac with ring gantry design, and evaluate image quality stability over a 10-month period. A total of 19 imaging scan and reconstruction protocols were characterized with measurement on a newly released QUART phantom. A set of image analysis algorithms were developed and integrated into an automated analysis suite to derive key image quality metrics, including HU value accuracy on density inserts, HU uniformity using the background plate, high contrast resolution with the modulation transfer function (MTF) from the edge profiles, low contrast resolution using the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), slice thickness with the air gap modules, and geometric accuracy with the diameter of the phantom. Image quality data over 10 months was tracked and analyzed to evaluate the stability of the Halcyon kV imaging system. The HU accuracy over all 19 protocols is within tolerance (±50HU). The maximum uniformity deviation is 12.2 HU. The SNR and CNR, depending on the protocol selected, range from 18.5-911.9 and 1.9-102.8, respectively. A much-improved SNR and CNR were observed for iterative reconstruction (iCBCT) modes and protocols designed for large subjects over low dose and fast scanning modes. The Head and Image Gently protocols have the greatest high contrast resolution with MTF10% over 1 lp/mm and MTF50% over 0.6 lp/mm. The iCBCT mode slightly improved the MTF10% and MTF50% compared to the Feldkamp-Davis-Kress approach. The slice thickness (maximum error of 0.31 mm) and geometry metrics (maximum error of 0.7 mm) are all within tolerance (±0.5 mm for slice thickness and ±1 mm for geometry metrics). The long-term study over 10-month showed no significant drift for all key image quality metrics, which indicated the kV CBCT image quality is stable over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110 United States of America
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12
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Ali Mirzapour S, Mazur T, Sharp G, Salari E. Intra-fraction motion prediction in MRI-guided radiation therapy using Markov processes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 64:195006. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ab37a9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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13
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Chun J, Zhang H, Gach HM, Olberg S, Mazur T, Green O, Kim T, Kim H, Kim JS, Mutic S, Park JC. MRI super‐resolution reconstruction for MRI‐guided adaptive radiotherapy using cascaded deep learning: In the presence of limited training data and unknown translation model. Med Phys 2019; 46:4148-4164. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jaehee Chun
- Department of Radiation Oncology Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - H. Michael Gach
- Department of Radiation Oncology Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - Sven Olberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Department of Radiation Oncology Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - Olga Green
- Department of Radiation Oncology Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - Taeho Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - Jin Sung Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea
| | - Sasa Mutic
- Department of Radiation Oncology Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - Justin C. Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St Louis MO 63110 USA
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14
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Demikhova N, Mazur T. The Correlation Between Polymorphism Of Cyp7A1 Gene And Index Of Left Ventricular Mass For Hypertensive Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy. Atherosclerosis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Fang R, Mazur T, Mutic S, Khan R. The impact of mass density variations on an electron Monte Carlo algorithm for radiotherapy dose calculations. Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol 2018; 8:1-7. [PMID: 33458409 PMCID: PMC7807677 DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose A key step in electron Monte Carlo dose calculation requires converting Computed Tomography (CT) numbers from a tomographic acquisition to a mass density. This study investigates the dosimetric consequences of perturbations applied to a calibration table between CT number and mass density. Materials and Methods A literature search was performed to define lower and upper bounds for physically reasonable perturbations to a reference CT number to mass density calibration table. Electron beam dose was calculated for ten patients using these variations and the results were compared to clinical plans originally derived with a reference calibration table. Dose differences both globally and in the Planning Target Volume (PTV) were assessed using dose- and volume-based metrics and 3- dimensional gamma analysis for each patient. Results Small but statistically significant differences were observed between perturbations and reference data for certain metrics including volume of the 50% prescription isodose. Upper and lower variations in CT number to mass density calibration yielded mean values of V50% that were 4.4% larger and 2.1% smaller than reference values respectively. Gamma analysis using 3%/3mm criteria indicated >99% passing rate for the PTV for all patients. Global gamma analysis for some patients showed larger discrepancies possibly due to large electron path lengths through inhomogeneities. Conclusions In most patients, physically reasonable perturbations in CT number to mass density curves will not induce clinically significant impact on calculated target dose distributions. Strong dependence of electron transport on voxel material may produce dose speckle throughout the volume. Care should be taken in evaluating critical structures at depths beyond the target volume in highly heterogeneous regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sasa Mutic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rao Khan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Henke LE, Contreras J, Mazur T, Green O, Robinson CG, Thomas MA. (OA43) Delineation of a Cardiac PRV Using Real-Time Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Cardiac Protection in Thoracic and Breast Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.02.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fischer-Valuck BW, Henke L, Green O, Kashani R, Acharya S, Bradley JD, Robinson CG, Thomas M, Zoberi I, Thorstad W, Gay H, Huang J, Roach M, Rodriguez V, Santanam L, Li H, Li H, Contreras J, Mazur T, Hallahan D, Olsen JR, Parikh P, Mutic S, Michalski J. Two-and-a-half-year clinical experience with the world's first magnetic resonance image guided radiation therapy system. Adv Radiat Oncol 2017; 2:485-493. [PMID: 29114617 PMCID: PMC5605309 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Magnetic resonance image guided radiation therapy (MR-IGRT) has been used at our institution since 2014. We report on more than 2 years of clinical experience in treating patients with the world's first MR-IGRT system. Methods and materials A clinical service was opened for MR-IGRT in January 2014 with an MR-IGRT system consisting of a split 0.35T magnetic resonance scanner that straddles a ring gantry with 3 multileaf collimator-equipped 60Co heads. The service was expanded to include online adaptive radiation therapy (ART) MR-IGRT and cine gating after 6 and 9 months, respectively. Patients selected for MR-IGRT were enrolled in a prospective registry between January 2014 and June 2016. Patients were treated with a variety of radiation therapy techniques including intensity modulated radiation therapy and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). When applicable, online ART was performed and gating on sagittal 2-dimensional cine MR was used. The charts of patients treated with MR-IGRT were reviewed to report on the clinical and treatment characteristics of the initial patients who were treated with this novel technique. Results A total of 316 patients have been treated with the MR-IGRT system, which has been integrated into a high-volume clinic. The cases were most commonly selected for improved soft tissue visualization, ART, and cine gating. Seventy-six patients were treated with 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy, 146 patients with intensity modulated radiation therapy, and 94 patients with SBRT. The most commonly treated disease sites were the abdomen (28%), breast (26%), pelvis (22%), thorax (19%), and head and neck (5%). Sixty-seven patients were treated with online ART over a total of 244 adapted fractions. Cine treatment gating was used for a total of 81 patients. Conclusions MR-IGRT has been successfully implemented in a high-volume radiation clinic and provides unique advantages in the treatment of a variety of malignancies. Additional clinical trials are in development to formally evaluate MR-IGRT in the treatment of multiple disease sites with techniques such as SBRT and ART.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren Henke
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Olga Green
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Rojano Kashani
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sahaja Acharya
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jeffrey D Bradley
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Clifford G Robinson
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Maria Thomas
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Imran Zoberi
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Wade Thorstad
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Hiram Gay
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jiayi Huang
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michael Roach
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Vivian Rodriguez
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Lakshmi Santanam
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Harold Li
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Hua Li
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jessika Contreras
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Dennis Hallahan
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jeffrey R Olsen
- University of Colorado, Department of Radiation Oncology, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Parag Parikh
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sasa Mutic
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jeff Michalski
- Washington University, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, Missouri
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Fischer-Valuck BW, Henke L, Kashani R, Green O, Olsen J, Parikh P, Robinson C, Bradley J, Thomas M, Roach M, Zoberi I, Mazur T, Huang J, Gay H, Rodriguez V, Mutic S, Michalski JM. (P097) Two-and-a-Half Year Clinical Experience With Magnetic Resonance Image Guided Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.02.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Fischer-Valuck BW, Green O, Mazur T, Li H, Chundury A, Rao YJ, Bartlett NL, Mutic S, Huang J. Magnetic resonance image guided radiation therapy for primary splenic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A teaching case. Pract Radiat Oncol 2017; 7:e23-e26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Li H, Chen HC, Dolly S, Li H, Fischer-Valuck B, Victoria J, Dempsey J, Ruan S, Anastasio M, Mazur T, Gach M, Kashani R, Green O, Rodriguez V, Gay H, Thorstad W, Mutic S. An integrated model-driven method for in-treatment upper airway motion tracking using cine MRI in head and neck radiation therapy. Med Phys 2016; 43:4700. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4955118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Chang X, Mazur T, Yang D. TU-FG-209-12: Treatment Site and View Recognition in X-Ray Images with Hierarchical Multiclass Recognition Models. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Cardenas M, Mazur T, Li H, Mutic S, Bradley J, Tsien C, Green O. SU-F-J-102: Lower Esophagus Margin Implications Based On Rapid Computational Algorithm for SBRT. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Wang Y, Mazur T, Green O, Hu Y, Li H, Rodriguez V, Wooten H, Yang D, Zhao T, Mutic S, Li H. TH-AB-BRA-07: PENELOPE-Based GPU-Accelerated Dose Calculation System Applied to MRI-Guided Radiation Therapy. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4958058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Mazur T, Gach H, Chundury A, Fischer-Valuck B, Huang J, Thomas M, Green O. TU-AB-BRA-10: Treatment of Gastric MALT Lymphoma Utilizing a Magnetic Resonance Image-Guided Radiation Therapy (MR-IGRT) System: Evaluation of Gating Feasibility. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Mazur T, Cardenas M, Li H, Mutic S, Bradley J, Tsien C, Green O. TU-AB-BRA-08: Slice by Slice Approach to Quantifying Inter-Fractional Organ Motion. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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26
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Liu S, Mazur T, Li H, Green O, Sun B, Mutic S, Yang D. SU-F-T-275: A Correlation Study On 3D Fluence-Based QA and 2D Dose Measurement-Based QA. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Fischer-Valuck BW, Olsen L, Mazur T, Altman M, Bottani B, Gay HA, Michalski JM. A treatment planning comparison of proton therapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for prostate cancer using the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP). J Clin Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.34.2_suppl.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
153 Background: The volume of rectum receiving high-dose (i.e. > or = 60 Gy) is consistently associated with the risk of Grade > or = 2 rectal toxicity or rectal bleeding based on common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE). Our goal was to compare intensity-modulated photon radiotherapy (IMRT) with proton radiotherapy in regard to the rectal dose using the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP). Methods: Between July 2014 and September 2015 the first 10 consecutive low or intermediate risk prostate cancer patients were treated with proton therapy at our institution. All 10 patients were planned with three-dimensional conformal proton therapy (3D-CPT) using two parallel opposed fields as well as comparison IMRT plans. A rectal balloon filled with water was used in all patients treated. Prescribed dose to the prostate was 79.2 Gy or cobalt Gy equivalent (CBE) for protons. Dose-volume histograms were compared. The Lyman-Kutcher-Burman model (n = 0.09, m = 0.13, and TD50 = 76.9 Gy) was used to generate NTCP estimates for both IMRT and proton plans. Results: At least 95% of the planning target volume received the prescription dose for both proton and IMRT plans. Dose constraints placed on the rectum included volume receiving 65 Gy (V65) less than 17% and V40 less than 35%. The mean dose to the rectum was 24.5 Gy (range, 19.5-30.1 Gy) and 31.7 Gy (range, 23.7-39.4 Gy) for the proton and IMRT plans, respectively. The V65 constraint was unachievable in 3 of the proton plans and 3 of the IMRT plans. The mean V70 and V75 for proton plans was 8.4% and 5.4% compared to 7.5% and 4.8% for the IMRT plans. The mean NTCP for proton treatment plans was 7.72% (range, 2.7-11.7%) and 7.92% (range, 1.7-15.3%) for IMRT (P = 0.45). After median follow-up of 6 months, no grade 2 or higher toxicity has been reported. Conclusions: Utilizing NTCP estimations, proton therapy and IMRT have similar predicted rates of rectal toxicity. Currently, a Phase III randomized clinical trial is underway comparing proton therapy and IMRT with regards to rectal toxicity and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lindsey Olsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Thomas Mazur
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael Altman
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, MO
| | - Beth Bottani
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, MO
| | - Hiram Alberto Gay
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jeff M. Michalski
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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Mazur T, Wang Y, Fischer-Valuck B, Acharya S, Kashani R, Li H, Yang D, Zoberi I, Thomas M, Mutic S, Li H. SU-F-303-11: Implementation and Applications of Rapid, SIFT-Based Cine MR Image Binning and Region Tracking. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Mazur T, Xiao Z, Driewer J, Wang Y, Li H. WE-AB-BRB-05: Toward a 2D Water-Equivalent Dosimetry Panel Using KCl:Eu2+. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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31
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Wang Y, Mazur T, Green O, Hu Y, Wooten H, Yang D, Zhao T, Mutic S, Li H. SU-E-T-36: A GPU-Accelerated Monte-Carlo Dose Calculation Platform and Its Application Toward Validating a ViewRay Beam Model. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Abstract
Social and emotional development is shaped by familial and extra-familial experiences especially interactions with peers. Children and adolescents with physical, behavioral or developmental differences, such as youth with disorders of sex development (DSD), may not benefit to the same degree as other children and adolescents from experiences with peers. This paper reviews current thinking about the features and effects of experiences with peers and the potential challenges of peer interactions for children and adolescents with DSD. We review findings from studies of adjustment for individuals with DSD. We finish the paper with a brief outline of a research agenda to promote the understanding of adjustment of individuals with DSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Bukowski
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - E McCauley
- Department of Psychology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, University of Washington, Washington, USA
| | - T Mazur
- Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Bean EJ, Mazur T, Robinson AD. Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome: sexuality, psychological effects, and quality of life. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2009; 22:339-46. [PMID: 19589707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2008.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2008] [Revised: 11/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a congenital condition in which a genetic female is born with vaginal agenesis and a rudimentary to absent uterus. This condition affects a woman's ability to menstruate, to engage in penile-vaginal intercourse, and to bear children. Much has been published about how best to create a neovagina in women with MRKH, but little has been written about the psychological impact of MRKH and quality of life outcomes for women with the condition. A review of the extant literature published from 1955 to 2007 supports that (1) surgical or non-surgical creation of a neovagina alone does not ensure a successful psychological outcome, (2) psychological support at critical times can be helpful, and (3) how professionals use language to discuss the condition may positively or negatively influence a female's experience of MRKH. This article discusses the implications that existing knowledge has on future research and on clinical practice. Understanding how women with MRKH cope with and adjust to the condition will help healthcare professionals provide optimal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Bean
- The MAGIC Foundation, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of eye infections accompanying the infection of the central nervous system and to demonstrate the possible tissue affinity of different strains of amoebae in subsequent infections. The results obtained demonstrate a clear correlation between the occurrence of eye infection and the degree of virulence of the strains. Amoebae isolated from eyeballs and other organs of dead mice did not exhibit any specificity in relation to the organs in subsequent infections. Irrespective of the place of isolation--be it eye or brain--in the subsequent passages, the amoebae were most often found in the brain and lungs, followed only then by the eye of the infected animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mazur
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Mazur T, Gustowska L, Hadaś E. Extracerebral infections of Acanthamoeba spp. in mice. pathomorphological changes in tissues of infected animals. Wiad Parazytol 1999; 45:83-7. [PMID: 16883718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A variety of Acanthamoeba spp. pathogenic strains were isolated from water pools in the area of Poznań. In many cases amoebae invaded lungs, kidney heart, liver and diaphragm causing significant changes in these Organs. The presence of amoeba outside of CNS was found mainly in the early periods of infection. Amoeba isolated from different organs of dead animals did not exhibit any specificity in relation to the organs in following infections. Infection with both low-and high-virulent strains resulted in pathomorphological changes of similar character. However, changes induced by low-virulent parasites developed later and were less extensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mazur
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań
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Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and to investigate factors conditioning their biosynthesis in pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of Acanthamoeba spp. We established that the activity of the synthase of prostaglandins was almost identical in pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains and that the synthesis of endoperoxide prostaglandins was similar to that of other organisms up to the point at which prostaglandin H2 was produced. The course of biosynthesis in vitro can be activated by various compounds such as glutathione, albumin, and p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (p-CMB), which are either activators or inhibitors of the enzymes. We suggest that the course of biosynthesis of prostaglandins in vivo is most probably activated by tissues or constitutional liquids surrounding the parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hadas
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, K. Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
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Mazur T, Boczoń K. [Prof. Dr. Hab. Witold Kasprzak (obituary)]. Wiad Parazytol 1997; 43:105-23. [PMID: 9289923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Mazur T, Hadaś E, Iwanicka I. The duration of the cyst stage and the viability and virulence of Acanthamoeba isolates. Trop Med Parasitol 1995; 46:106-8. [PMID: 8525280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The viability of Acanthamoeba cysts after they have been stored in water at 4 degrees C for a period of 24 years was determined and to estimate their present degree of virulence as compared to its primary values. The viability of 17 amoebae isolates was examined using the eosin exclusion and in vitro excystation on agar plates (NNE). After the period of 24 years, only 3 isolates were found dead. The remaining 14 isolates after inoculation on NNE gave rise to new subcultures, although the percentage of living cysts measured by eosin exclusion was low (0-5%). Separate groups of mice were inoculated intranasally with 10 subcultures characterised by varying primary virulence. It was found that in 8 groups the mice were invaded (at varying degree), and some of them died. Taking into consideration the fact that some of the examined isolates completely lost their virulence only after 8 years of the in vitro cultivation, the obtained results are very intriguing. On the ground of these results one can assume that in the natural environment the period of viability for a cyst may be not shorter than 25 years, and, which is even more essential, they can maintain their invasive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mazur
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences in Poznań, Poland
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the enzymatic differences in the process of increasing the degree of virulence in attenuated Acanthamoeba strains as well as strains freshly isolated from the natural environment. The data obtained in our studies indicate that by intranasal infection of mice, one can restore virulence in primary virulent strains and make virulent strains that primarily were noninvasive. The levels of peroxidase and proteinase activity measured thoroughly correlated with the increase in the degree of virulence observed during the process of making the amoeba virulent by inoculating them into mice. We observed that in cases in which the activity of peroxidase and proteinase was higher than 0.150 units/mg protein and 8 units/mg protein, respectively, some of the animals infected with the strains showing this activity of peroxidase and proteinase died. In nonvirulent strains as well as in poorly virulent strains, we observed a decidedly lower activity of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mazur
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Gieryng R, Prost M, Gieryng H, Mazur T, Kasprzak W. [Amebic keratitis-keratitis acanthamoeba]. Klin Oczna 1994; 96:163-7. [PMID: 7990337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In seventeen patients who suffered of corneal ulcer, and were negative in bacteriological and mycological examinations, parasitological tests were performed between 1990-1992. Acanthamoeba keratitis was diagnosed in one patient with characteristic corneal changes of right eye following trauma. The patient was not a contact lens wearer. The amoeba found in direct smears of scraping from corneal ulcer and isolated and cloned in in vitro conditions (isolate-clone-No. 2961) belonged to Acanthamoeba polyphaga species. The trophozoites showed a low degree of invasiveness and high virulence when tested in BALB/c mice. The authors discussed the epidemiology of Acanthamoeba keratitis and pointed out to the necessity of accurate laboratory diagnosis and discerning interpretation of the results to prevent an Acanthamoeba-phobia among the potential patients and most of all among the medical staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gieryng
- Katedry Biologii i Parazytologii AM, Lublinie
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Hadas E, Mazur T. Proteolytic enzymes of pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of Acanthamoeba spp. Trop Med Parasitol 1993; 44:197-200. [PMID: 8256097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was biochemical characterization and classification of proteinases in pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of Acanthamoeba spp. The authors showed two proteinase (acid 35 kDa and alkaline 65 kDa) which could be separated electrophoretically. Acid proteinase was inhibited by serine proteinase inhibitors such as DIFP. The second enzyme which was active at alkaline pH, was enhanced by EDTA and inhibited by iodoacetate (IAA) and (p-CMB) p-chloromercuribenzoate. These substances are known to inhibit cysteine type proteinases. The alkaline proteinase was more distinctively active in pathogenic strains and belongs to cysteine class (EC 3.4.22), whereas the acid proteinase was similar active in pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains and belong to serine class (EC 3.4.21).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hadas
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Abstract
The aim of our study was to demonstrate a possible correlation between some biochemical and biological markers of the degree of virulence of the investigated strains of Acanthamoeba sp. The results obtained demonstrated a significant correlation between the activity of proteases, peroxidases, and superoxide dismutase and the degree of virulence of the strains as previously defined by tests on mice. The results also proved that the strains that killed some of the infected mice were characterized by the highest value recorded for the activity of peroxidase and the lowest value obtained for the activity of superoxide dismutase.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hadaś
- Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Mazur T, Clopper RR. Pubertal disorders. Psychology and clinical management. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1991; 20:211-30. [PMID: 2029887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The behavioral data reviewed herein must be viewed with caution. Although there are reports that adhere to rigorous methodology, these are the exception. Most reports do not adequately describe either the methodology used or their sample. Subjects are often of mixed endocrine diagnoses, and sometimes the results are of both boys and girls. All of these pitfalls make interpretation of results difficult and limiting. With this in mind, the following conclusions are offered. The majority of behavioral data on precocious puberty comes from studies of IPP in girls. Cognitively, IPP has been associated with average to high-average intelligence. Purportedly, the finding of lower visual-spatial skills than verbal skills in early maturing boys and girls has received equivocal support by cognitive studies of IPP individuals. Similarly, clear differences in hemispheric lateralization have not been demonstrated. Aside from increased somatic complaints during the nonmenstrual phases of their menstrual cycle, girls with IPP show a spectrum of behavior adjustments. Major psychopathology is rare. Clearly, their early development makes them look older than their actual age, which probably alters the expectations others have for them. Psychosexually, however, IPP girls develop in concert with their chronologic age and social experience, rather than their early biologic maturation. However, recent reports suggest a modest influence of hormones. In summary, these studies support an interactionist theory of human psychosexual development. Research data on IPP girls suggest that they do not significantly differ from girls who are early maturers but within the normal range. Research on these girls indicates that most negotiate their puberty without severe problems. There has been less research on IPP boys because it occurs so rarely. Most of what is understood about precocious puberty in boys comes from boys with precocious puberty secondary to poorly controlled CAH. Behavioral data on individuals with delayed puberty come almost exclusively from boys. Although CD appears to be the most frequently diagnosed form of delayed puberty and does not reflect a known pathologic process, men with CD as well as those with organic disorders appear to be at risk for psychosocial and psychosexual difficulties. These difficulties are not severe forms of psychopathology. Rather, they probably represent problems negotiating the expected adolescent lessons of psychosocial development with a physique that places them at a disadvantage. They clearly look younger than their actual chronologic age. Cognitively, as with the children with precocious puberty, there is no evidence of intellectual impairment associated with delayed puberty.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mazur
- School of Medicine, State University of New York, Buffalo
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Abstract
Management of infants born with ambiguous sex organs requires the close collaboration of a team of professionals: pediatric endocrinologist, pediatric psychologist, gynecologist, and surgeon. The interdisciplinary teamwork of a group of professionals is described in the case of a patient announced at birth as a male but within days reannounced and reared as a female. Over the next 21 years, she became completely aware of her endocrine condition, including its medical classification (male pseudohermaphroditism), her chromosomal (46 XY) and gonadal (testes) status, and her early history of male sex assignment. The clinical management described herein helped this person deal effectively with her condition despite unsuccessful reconstructive vagal surgery. Substantiation of this is provided by the patient's personal comments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Quattrin
- State University of New York, Buffalo School of Medicine
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Budak A, Macura AB, Mazur T, Laskownicka Z. Fungal species isolated from skin and nail lesions of hands and feet of patients suspected of mycotic infection. Mykosen 1987; 30:434-9. [PMID: 3696172 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.1987.tb03643.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Mazur T. Ambiguous genitalia: detection and counseling. Pediatr Nurs 1983; 9:417-22, 431. [PMID: 6557448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Clopper RR, Mazur T, MacGillivray MH, Peterson RE, Voorhess ML. Data on virilization and erotosexual behavior in male hypogonadotropic hypopituitarism during gonadotropin and androgen treatment. J Androl 1983; 4:303-11. [PMID: 6630049 DOI: 10.1002/j.1939-4640.1983.tb02374.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this investigation was to assess whether or not gonadotropin therapy enhanced the degree of virilization and psychosexual behavior of men with hypogonadotropic hypopituitarism. Pre- and post-gonadotropin assessments of virilization in four men indicated that gonadotropin therapy was associated with dramatic improvements in the degree of virilization that each man previously obtained on androgen only. Retrospective interview data on erotosexual behavior indicated improved erotosexual function on gonadotropin as compared to the prior androgen treatment. These data suggest that complete virilization in these men was partially gonadotropin dependent. Whether or not the behavioral benefits reported by these men represented a direct or synergistic effect of gonadotropin in the expression of erotosexual behavior or an indirect effect of improved virilization can not be answered by these data.
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Macura AB, Laskownicka Z, Mazur T. [Fungal infections of the skin and nails in patients treated at the District Dermatological Outpatient Clinic in Cracow 1978-1981]. Przegl Dermatol 1983; 70:157-62. [PMID: 6227940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Lee PA, Danish RK, Mazur T, Migeon CJ. Micropenis. III. Primary hypogonadism, partial androgen insensitivity syndrome, and idiopathic disorders. Johns Hopkins Med J 1980; 147:175-81. [PMID: 7441936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper, the third in a series, presents data from 28 patients with micropenis categorized as primary hypogonadism (11 subjects), partial androgen insensitivity (1 subject), idiopathic (6 subjects), and etiology undetermined (10 subjects). Among the 11 patients with primary hypogonadism, 8 presented with various degrees of gonadal dysgenesis, 1 was a true hermaphrodite and 2 had the Robinow syndrome. Nine of the 28 patients were raised as females: 5 with primary hypogonadism and 4 with undetermined etiology. Eleven of the 19 patients raised as males received androgen stimulation during prepubertal years and responded with penile growth. However, this growth response was temporary and did not appear to be predictive of eventual adult size of the penis. Generally, the prestimulation size of this group of patients is more predictive of adult penile size. Only 7 of the patients raised as males have attained adult somatic growth. Three out of the three with primary hypogonadism, the subject with partial androgen insensitivity, and one of three with idiopathic micropenis have below-normal adult penile length. These limited data suggest that growth potential of the micropenis may be greater among the patients with an idiopathic state than among those with primary hypogonadism and partial androgen insensitivity.
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Danish RK, Lee PA, Mazur T, Amrhein JA, Migeon CJ. Micropenis. II. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Johns Hopkins Med J 1980; 146:177-84. [PMID: 7382242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper documents the case histories of 14 patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and micropenis (penile length below 2.5 SD from the mean for the patient's chronlogical age, or for age corresponding to stage of sexual development). Nine of the patients were raised as males. Five of them received androgen for the purpose of stimulating penile growth: two realized normal adult penile length (-0.2 and -2.1 SD from normal mean length) whereas the other three had penile lengths significantly below the mean (-3.6, -4.6 and -5.2 SD from normal mean length). These data suggest that among hypogonadotropic patients with micropenis, those with prepubertal penile lengths between 2.5 and 3 SD below the mean may develop an adult penis of a length within the normal range. However, for those presenting with a shorter phallus, the expectation is that penile length will remain greater than 2 SD below the mean.
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