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Díaz-Coello S, Winkler D, Griesser C, Moser T, Rodríguez JL, Kunze-Liebhäuser J, García G, Pastor E. Highly Active W 2C-Based Composites for the HER in Alkaline Solution: the Role of Surface Oxide Species. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024. [PMID: 38648335 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a crucial electrochemical process for the proposed hydrogen economy since it has the potential to provide pure hydrogen for fuel cells. Nowadays, hydrogen electroproduction is considerably expensive, so promoting the development of new non-noble catalysts for the cathode of alkaline electrolyzers appears as a suitable way to reduce the costs of this technology. In this sense, a series of tungsten-based carbide materials have been synthesized by the urea-glass route as candidates to improve the HER in alkaline media. Moreover, two different pyridinium-based ionic liquids were employed to modify the surface of the carbide grains and control the amount and nature of their surface species. The main results indicate that the catalyst surface composition is modified in the hybrid materials, which are then distinguished by the appearance of tungsten suboxide structures. This implies the action of ionic liquids as reducing agents. Consequently, differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) is used to precisely determine the onset potentials and rate-determining steps (RDS) for the HER in alkaline media. Remarkably, the modified surfaces show high catalytic performance (overpotentials between 45 and 60 mV) and RDS changes from Heyrovsky-Volmer to Heyrovsky as the surface oxide structures get reduced. H2O molecule reduction is then faster at tungsten suboxide, which allows the formation of the adsorbed hydrogen at the surface, boosting the catalytic activity and the kinetics of the alkaline HER.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Díaz-Coello
- Institute of Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of La Laguna, PO Box 456, 38200 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - D Winkler
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - C Griesser
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - T Moser
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - J L Rodríguez
- Institute of Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of La Laguna, PO Box 456, 38200 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - J Kunze-Liebhäuser
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - G García
- Institute of Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of La Laguna, PO Box 456, 38200 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - E Pastor
- Institute of Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of La Laguna, PO Box 456, 38200 La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Moser T, Heitzer E. Surpassing sensitivity limits in liquid biopsy. Science 2024; 383:260-261. [PMID: 38236970 DOI: 10.1126/science.adn1886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Attenuation of cell-free DNA clearance in vivo is an alternative strategy to maximize recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Moser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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3
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Kunze K, Gossler C, Reinhardt M, Arnold M, Schwenzer F, Helke C, Reuter D, Keppeler D, Moser T, Schwarz UT. Multichannel laser diode to polymer waveguide array coupling with a double-aspheric lens. Appl Opt 2023; 62:9353-9360. [PMID: 38108707 DOI: 10.1364/ao.505167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
An optical system for multichannel coupling of laser arrays to polymer waveguide array probes with a single biconvex lens is developed. The developed cylindrical module with 13 mm and 20 mm in diameter and length, respectively, enables coupling of eight individual optical channels using an aspheric lens. Specific coupling with crosstalk below -13d B for each channel and quasi-uniform coupling over all channels is achieved for a waveguide array with 100 µm lateral facet pitch at the incoupling site. The polymer waveguide technology allows for tapering of the lateral waveguide pitch to 25 µm toward the tip of the flexible waveguide array. SU-8 and PMMA are used as the waveguide core and cladding, respectively. The optical coupling module is designed as a prototype for preclinical evaluation of optical neural stimulators.
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Moser T, Kühberger S, Lazzeri I, Vlachos G, Heitzer E. Bridging biological cfDNA features and machine learning approaches. Trends Genet 2023; 39:285-307. [PMID: 36792446 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Liquid biopsies (LBs), particularly using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), are expected to revolutionize precision oncology and blood-based cancer screening. Recent technological improvements, in combination with the ever-growing understanding of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) biology, are enabling the detection of tumor-specific changes with extremely high resolution and new analysis concepts beyond genetic alterations, including methylomics, fragmentomics, and nucleosomics. The interrogation of a large number of markers and the high complexity of data render traditional correlation methods insufficient. In this regard, machine learning (ML) algorithms are increasingly being used to decipher disease- and tissue-specific signals from cfDNA. Here, we review recent insights into biological ctDNA features and how these are incorporated into sophisticated ML applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Moser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Kühberger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Isaac Lazzeri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Georgios Vlachos
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, 8010 Graz, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Leithner A, Seidel M, Moser T, Thueringer A, Liegl-Atzwanger B, Szkandera J, Benesch M, El-Heliebi A, Heitzer E, Kashofer K. 59P Introducing liquid biopsy for paediatric sarcoma patients into the clinical routine. ESMO Open 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Calapai A, Cabrera-Moreno J, Moser T, Jeschke M. Flexible auditory training, psychophysics, and enrichment of common marmosets with an automated, touchscreen-based system. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1648. [PMID: 35347139 PMCID: PMC8960775 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Devising new and more efficient protocols to analyze the phenotypes of non-human primates, as well as their complex nervous systems, is rapidly becoming of paramount importance. This is because with genome-editing techniques, recently adopted to non-human primates, new animal models for fundamental and translational research have been established. One aspect in particular, namely cognitive hearing, has been difficult to assess compared to visual cognition. To address this, we devised autonomous, standardized, and unsupervised training and testing of auditory capabilities of common marmosets with a cage-based standalone, wireless system. All marmosets tested voluntarily operated the device on a daily basis and went from naïve to experienced at their own pace and with ease. Through a series of experiments, here we show, that animals autonomously learn to associate sounds with images; to flexibly discriminate sounds, and to detect sounds of varying loudness. The developed platform and training principles combine in-cage training of common marmosets for cognitive and psychoacoustic assessment with an enriched environment that does not rely on dietary restriction or social separation, in compliance with the 3Rs principle. The authors present a cage-based stand-alone platform for autonomous, standardized, and unsupervised training and testing of visuo-auditory-cued behaviours of common marmosets. The experiments do not require dietary restriction or social separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Calapai
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Cognitive Hearing in Primates (CHiP) Group, Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Leibniz ScienceCampus "Primate Cognition", Göttingen, Germany
| | - J Cabrera-Moreno
- Cognitive Hearing in Primates (CHiP) Group, Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Göttingen Graduate School for Neurosciences, Biophysics and Molecular Biosciences, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - T Moser
- Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Göttingen Graduate School for Neurosciences, Biophysics and Molecular Biosciences, University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.,Auditory Neuroscience Group and Synaptic Nanophysiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Jeschke
- Cognitive Hearing in Primates (CHiP) Group, Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany. .,Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany. .,Leibniz ScienceCampus "Primate Cognition", Göttingen, Germany. .,Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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Weber S, van der Leest P, Donker HC, Schlange T, Timens W, Tamminga M, Hasenleithner SO, Graf R, Moser T, Spiegl B, Yaspo ML, Terstappen LWMM, Sidorenkov G, Hiltermann TJN, Speicher MR, Schuuring E, Heitzer E, Groen HJM. Dynamic Changes of Circulating Tumor DNA Predict Clinical Outcome in Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. JCO Precis Oncol 2022; 5:1540-1553. [PMID: 34994642 DOI: 10.1200/po.21.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly being used in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet biomarkers predicting their benefit are lacking. We evaluated if on-treatment changes of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from ICI start (t0) to after two cycles (t1) assessed with a commercial panel could identify patients with NSCLC who would benefit from ICI. PATIENTS AND METHODS The molecular ctDNA response was evaluated as a predictor of radiographic tumor response and long-term survival benefit of ICI. To maximize the yield of ctDNA detection, de novo mutation calling was performed. Furthermore, the impact of clonal hematopoiesis (CH)-related variants as a source of biologic noise was investigated. RESULTS After correction for CH-related variants, which were detected in 75 patients (44.9%), ctDNA was detected in 152 of 167 (91.0%) patients. We observed only a fair agreement of the molecular and radiographic response, which was even more impaired by the inclusion of CH-related variants. After exclusion of those, a ≥ 50% molecular response improved progression-free survival (10 v 2 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.55; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.77; P = .0011) and overall survival (18.4 v 5.9 months; HR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.62; P < .0001) compared with patients not achieving this end point. After adjusting for clinical variables, ctDNA response and STK11/KEAP1 mutations (HR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.4 to 3.0; P < .001) remained independent predictors for overall survival, irrespective of programmed death ligand-1 expression. A landmark survival analysis at 2 months (n = 129) provided similar results. CONCLUSION On-treatment changes of ctDNA in plasma reveal predictive information for long-term clinical benefit in ICI-treated patients with NSCLC. A broader NSCLC patient coverage through de novo mutation calling and the use of a variant call set excluding CH-related variants improved the classification of molecular responders, but had no significant impact on survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Weber
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Paul van der Leest
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hylke C Donker
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Wim Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Menno Tamminga
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Samantha O Hasenleithner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ricarda Graf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tina Moser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Benjamin Spiegl
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marie-Laure Yaspo
- Max Plank Institute for Molecular Genetics, Otto Warburg Laboratory Gene Regulation and Systems Biology of Cancer, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Grigory Sidorenkov
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - T Jeroen N Hiltermann
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Michael R Speicher
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ed Schuuring
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Harry J M Groen
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Seidel MG, Kashofer K, Moser T, Thueringer A, Liegl-Atzwanger B, Leithner A, Szkandera J, Benesch M, El-Heliebi A, Heitzer E. Clinical implementation of plasma cell-free circulating tumor DNA quantification by digital droplet PCR for the monitoring of Ewing sarcoma in children and adolescents. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:926405. [PMID: 36046479 PMCID: PMC9420963 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.926405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment stratification and response assessment in pediatric sarcomas has relied on imaging studies and surgical/histopathological evidence of vital tumor cells. Such studies and evidence collection processes often involve radiation and/or general anesthesia in children. Cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection in blood plasma is one available method of so-called liquid biopsies that has been shown to correlate qualitatively and quantitatively with the existence of vital tumor cells in the body. Our clinical observational study focused on the utility and feasibility of ctDNA detection in pediatric Ewing sarcoma (EWS) as a marker of minimal residual disease (MRD). PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) to identify the exact breakpoints in tumors known to carry the EWS-FLI1 fusion gene. Patient-specific fusion breakpoints were tracked in peripheral blood plasma using digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) before, during, and after therapy in six children and young adults with EWS. Presence and levels of fusion breakpoints were correlated with clinical disease courses. RESULTS We show that the detection of ctDNA in the peripheral blood of EWS patients (i) is feasible in the clinical routine and (ii) allows for the longitudinal real-time monitoring of MRD activity in children and young adults. Although changing ctDNA levels correlated well with clinical outcome within patients, between patients, a high variability was observed (inter-individually). CONCLUSION ctDNA detection by ddPCR is a highly sensitive, specific, feasible, and highly accurate method that can be applied in EWS for follow-up assessments as an additional surrogate parameter for clinical MRD monitoring and, potentially, also for treatment stratification in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus G Seidel
- Division for Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Karl Kashofer
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tina Moser
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Diagnostic and Research Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Thueringer
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Leithner
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Joanna Szkandera
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Benesch
- Division for Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Amin El-Heliebi
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.,Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed), Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Diagnostic and Research Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Scheipl S, Brcic I, Moser T, Fischerauer S, Riedl J, Bergovec M, Smolle M, Posch F, Gerger A, Pichler M, Stoeger H, Leithner A, Heitzer E, Liegl-Atzwanger B, Szkandera J. Molecular profiling of soft-tissue sarcomas with FoundationOne ® Heme identifies potential targets for sarcoma therapy: a single-centre experience. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2021; 13:17588359211029125. [PMID: 34367342 PMCID: PMC8317253 DOI: 10.1177/17588359211029125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Molecular diagnosis has become an established tool in the characterisation of adult soft-tissue sarcomas (STS). FoundationOne® Heme analyses somatic gene alterations in sarcomas via DNA and RNA-hotspot sequencing of tumour-associated genes. Methods: We evaluated FoundationOne® Heme testing in 81 localised STS including 35 translocation-associated and 46 complex-karyotyped cases from a single institution. Results: Although FoundationOne® Heme achieved broad patient coverage and identified at least five genetic alterations in each sample, the sensitivity for fusion detection was rather low, at 42.4%. Nevertheless, potential targets for STS treatment were detected using the FoundationOne® Heme assay: complex-karyotyped sarcomas frequently displayed copy-number alterations of common tumour-suppressor genes, particularly deletions in TP53, NF1, ATRX, and CDKN2A. A subset of myxofibrosarcomas (MFS) was amplified for HGF (n = 3) and MET (n = 1). PIK3CA was mutated in 7/15 cases of myxoid liposarcoma (MLS; 46.7%). Epigenetic regulators (e.g. MLL2 and MLL3) were frequently mutated. Conclusions: In summary, FoundationOne® Heme detected a broad range of genetic alterations and potential therapeutic targets in STS (e.g. HGF/MET in a subset of MFS, or PIK3CA in MLS). The assay’s sensitivity for fusion detection was low in our sample and needs to be re-evaluated in a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Scheipl
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Iva Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tina Moser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Fischerauer
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jakob Riedl
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marko Bergovec
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Maria Smolle
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Florian Posch
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Armin Gerger
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Stoeger
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Leithner
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Centre for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 10, Graz 8010 Austria
| | - Joanna Szkandera
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Buder A, Heitzer E, Waldispühl-Geigl J, Weber S, Moser T, Hochmair MJ, Hackner K, Errhalt P, Setinek U, Filipits M. Somatic Copy-Number Alterations in Plasma Circulating Tumor DNA from Advanced EGFR-Mutated Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050618. [PMID: 33919291 PMCID: PMC8143372 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To assess the clinical relevance of genome-wide somatic copy-number alterations (SCNAs) in plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) from advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated lung adenocarcinoma patients. Methods: We included 43 patients with advanced EGFR T790M-positive lung adenocarcinoma who were treated with osimertinib after progression under previous EGFR-TKI therapy. We performed genomic profiling of ctDNA in plasma samples from each patient obtained pre-osimertinib and after patients developed resistance to osimertinib. SCNAs were detected by shallow whole-genome plasma sequencing and EGFR mutations were assessed by droplet digital PCR. Results: SCNAs in resistance-related genes (rrSCNAs) were detected in 10 out of 31 (32%) evaluable patients before start of osimertinib. The presence of rrSCNAs in plasma before the initiation of osimertinib therapy was associated with a lower response rate to osimertinib (50% versus 81%, p = 0.08) and was an independent predictor for shorter progression-free survival (adjusted HR 3.33, 95% CI 1.37–8.10, p = 0.008) and overall survival (adjusted HR 2.54, 95% CI 1.09–5.92, p = 0.03). Conclusions: Genomic profiling of plasma ctDNA is clinically relevant and affects the efficacy and clinical outcome of osimertinib. Our approach enables the comprehensive assessment of SCNAs in plasma samples of lung adenocarcinoma patients and may help to guide genotype-specific therapeutic strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Buder
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (E.H.); (J.W.-G.); (S.W.); (T.M.)
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Julie Waldispühl-Geigl
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (E.H.); (J.W.-G.); (S.W.); (T.M.)
| | - Sabrina Weber
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (E.H.); (J.W.-G.); (S.W.); (T.M.)
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Tina Moser
- Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (E.H.); (J.W.-G.); (S.W.); (T.M.)
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Maximilian J. Hochmair
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital North, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Klaus Hackner
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria; (K.H.); (P.E.)
| | - Peter Errhalt
- Department of Pneumology, University Hospital Krems, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems, Austria; (K.H.); (P.E.)
| | - Ulrike Setinek
- Department of Pathology and Bacteriology, Otto Wagner Hospital, 1140 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Martin Filipits
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40160-57528
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11
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Moser T, Waldispuehl-Geigl J, Belic J, Weber S, Zhou Q, Hasenleithner SO, Graf R, Terzic JA, Posch F, Sill H, Lax S, Kashofer K, Hoefler G, Schoellnast H, Heitzer E, Geigl JB, Bauernhofer T, Speicher MR. On-treatment measurements of circulating tumor DNA during FOLFOX therapy in patients with colorectal cancer. NPJ Precis Oncol 2020; 4:30. [PMID: 33299124 PMCID: PMC7666126 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-020-00134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We addressed a significant unknown feature of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), i.e., how ctDNA levels change during chemotherapy, by serially monitoring ctDNA in patients with colorectal cancer during the 48-h application of FOLFOX. Surprisingly, we did not observe a spike in ctDNA as a sign of a responsive tumor, but instead ctDNA levels initially decreased and remained low in patients with stable disease or partial response. Our observations reveal further insights into cell destruction during chemotherapy with important implications for the management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Moser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julie Waldispuehl-Geigl
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jelena Belic
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, CB2 0RE, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sabrina Weber
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Qing Zhou
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Samantha O Hasenleithner
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ricarda Graf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jasmin Alia Terzic
- Department of Internal Medicine Graz, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Florian Posch
- Department of Internal Medicine Graz, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Sill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sigurd Lax
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital Graz II, Graz, Austria, and Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Karl Kashofer
- Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Hoefler
- Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Helmut Schoellnast
- Department of Radiology, Division of General Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Graz, Austria
| | - Jochen B Geigl
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Bauernhofer
- Department of Internal Medicine Graz, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Michael R Speicher
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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12
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Unseld M, Belic J, Pierer K, Zhou Q, Moser T, Bauer R, Piringer G, Gerger A, Siebenhüner A, Speicher M, Heitzer E, Prager GW. A higher ctDNA fraction decreases survival in regorafenib-treated metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Results from the regorafenib's liquid biopsy translational biomarker phase II pilot study. Int J Cancer 2020; 148:1452-1461. [PMID: 32949150 PMCID: PMC7894541 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The predictive effect of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment is still highly discussed. The primary objective of our study was to investigate a possible prognostic/predictive value of ctDNA under regorafenib treatment. This prospective multicenter translational biomarker phase II pilot study enrolled 30 metastatic CRC patients (67% men, 33% women) treated with regorafenib. ctDNA was assessed in plasma before treatment start and at defined time points during administration. Measurement of tumor fraction as well as mutation and copy number analysis of CRC driver genes were performed by next-generation sequencing approaches. Multivariate analyses for survival and treatment efficacy were adjusted to age, gender and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. Disease control rate was 30%. Median tumor fraction at baseline was 18.5% (0-49.9). Mutations in CRC driver genes or genes involved in angiogenesis were identified in 25 patients (83.3%). KRAS mutations were detected in 13 of 14 KRAS-positive tumors; in three patients without KRAS mutation in the respective tumors, acquired mutations as a consequence of prior anti-EGFR treatment were detected. In a subset of patients, novel occurring mutations or focal amplifications were detected. A tumor fraction of 5% and higher at baseline was significantly associated with a decreased OS (P = .022; hazard ratio 3.110 (95% confidence interval: 1.2-8.2). ctDNA is detectable in a high proportion of mCRC patients. Higher ctDNA levels are associated with survival among regorafenib treatment. Moreover, our data highlight the benefit of a combined evaluation of mutations and somatic copy number alterations in advanced cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Unseld
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Palliative Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jelena Belic
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kerstin Pierer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Graz, Austria
| | - Qing Zhou
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tina Moser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Raimund Bauer
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Armin Gerger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | | | - Michael Speicher
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald W Prager
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Moser T, Waldispuehl-Geigl J, Belic J, Perakis S, Weber S, Zhou Q, Sill H, Lax S, Kashofer K, Hoefler G, Schoellnast H, Bauernhofer T, Heitzer E, Geigl JB, Speicher MR. Abstract 4295: Early circulating tumor DNA dynamics as a real-time predictor of FOLFOX efficacy in advanced colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-4295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: In recent years, various efforts have been made to identify biomarkers in metastatic colorectal cancer patients (mCRC), all with the goal of improving patients' outcomes, including maximizing therapeutic response and minimizing exposure to ineffective treatments. Nevertheless, there is still no valid biomarker for the early assessment of therapeutic efficacy in the patient management strategy. To address this issue, we aimed to describe the predictive value of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) on the efficacy of FOLFOX treatment in mCRC patients.
Patients and methods: A total of 11 patients with mCRC receiving FOLFOX therapy were included in this study. During the 48-hour FOLFOX cycle, we performed serial liquid biopsy-based ctDNA analysis before treatment start (T1) and at eight further time points (T2-T9). Among the 11 patients tested, all patients had detectable variants identified by either tumor tissue genotyping or baseline sample ctDNA sequencing for longitudinal analysis. We assessed genome-wide somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) and highly sensitive sequencing approaches were utilized to monitor changes in the ctDNA mutant allele frequencies (mAFs) between baseline and on-treatment samples.
Results: We were able to clearly assess different mAF patterns across patients with either stable disease, partial response or progressive disease. However, we invariably observed an early and deep ctDNA mAF decrease in all patients, as comparing the baseline (T1) mAF levels with the mAFs at all time points revealed that the most significant ctDNA drop was 23 hours after treatment start, i.e. at time point T5 (p <0.005). In addition, we observed in patients with stable disease or partial response (n=8) not only a significant decline of mAFs between T5 (p=0.0391) but also at T9 (52 hours after treatment start; p=0.0156) compared to the baseline sample. Conversely, mAFs of patients with progressive disease increased again within the next 29 hours (T9) after the initial ctDNA drop at time point T5, leading to higher ctDNA levels at T9 than the baseline values prior to treatment start.
Conclusion: Our observations clearly demonstrated for the first time that ctDNA dynamics allow real-time, individualized evaluation of treatment response using two early time points, i.e. at T5 and T9. Therefore, our data suggest that sequential ctDNA analysis can contribute to an improved patient treatment strategy. Nevertheless, further studies are clearly required to validate this promising early on-treatment indicator of therapeutic efficacy for CRC patients.
Citation Format: Tina Moser, Julie Waldispuehl-Geigl, Jelena Belic, Samantha Perakis, Sabrina Weber, Qing Zhou, Heinz Sill, Sigurd Lax, Karl Kashofer, Gerald Hoefler, Helmut Schoellnast, Thomas Bauernhofer, Ellen Heitzer, Jochen B. Geigl, Michael R. Speicher. Early circulating tumor DNA dynamics as a real-time predictor of FOLFOX efficacy in advanced colorectal cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4295.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Moser
- 1Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julie Waldispuehl-Geigl
- 1Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jelena Belic
- 1Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Samantha Perakis
- 1Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sabrina Weber
- 1Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Qing Zhou
- 1Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Sill
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sigurd Lax
- 3Department of Pathology, General Hospital Graz II, Graz, Austria
| | - Karl Kashofer
- 4Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Hoefler
- 4Institute of Pathology, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Helmut Schoellnast
- 5Department of Radiology, Division of General Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Bauernhofer
- 6Department of Internal Medicine Graz, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- 1Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jochen B. Geigl
- 1Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael R. Speicher
- 1Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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14
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Ulz P, Perakis S, Zhou Q, Moser T, Belic J, Lazzeri I, Wölfler A, Zebisch A, Gerger A, Pristauz G, Petru E, White B, Roberts CES, John JS, Schimek MG, Geigl JB, Bauernhofer T, Sill H, Bock C, Heitzer E, Speicher MR. Publisher Correction: Inference of transcription factor binding from cell-free DNA enables tumor subtype prediction and early detection. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1965. [PMID: 32313081 PMCID: PMC7170910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15799-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ulz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Samantha Perakis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Qing Zhou
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tina Moser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jelena Belic
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Isaac Lazzeri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Albert Wölfler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Armin Zebisch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Armin Gerger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gunda Pristauz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Edgar Petru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Michael G Schimek
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jochen B Geigl
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Bauernhofer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Sill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. .,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria. .,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Graz, Austria.
| | - Michael R Speicher
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. .,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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15
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Smith CG, Moser T, Mouliere F, Field-Rayner J, Eldridge M, Riediger AL, Chandrananda D, Heider K, Wan JCM, Warren AY, Morris J, Hudecova I, Cooper WN, Mitchell TJ, Gale D, Ruiz-Valdepenas A, Klatte T, Ursprung S, Sala E, Riddick ACP, Aho TF, Armitage JN, Perakis S, Pichler M, Seles M, Wcislo G, Welsh SJ, Matakidou A, Eisen T, Massie CE, Rosenfeld N, Heitzer E, Stewart GD. Comprehensive characterization of cell-free tumor DNA in plasma and urine of patients with renal tumors. Genome Med 2020; 12:23. [PMID: 32111235 PMCID: PMC7048087 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-020-00723-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-free tumor-derived DNA (ctDNA) allows non-invasive monitoring of cancers, but its utility in renal cell cancer (RCC) has not been established. METHODS Here, a combination of untargeted and targeted sequencing methods, applied to two independent cohorts of patients (n = 91) with various renal tumor subtypes, were used to determine ctDNA content in plasma and urine. RESULTS Our data revealed lower plasma ctDNA levels in RCC relative to other cancers of similar size and stage, with untargeted detection in 27.5% of patients from both cohorts. A sensitive personalized approach, applied to plasma and urine from select patients (n = 22) improved detection to ~ 50%, including in patients with early-stage disease and even benign lesions. Detection in plasma, but not urine, was more frequent amongst patients with larger tumors and in those patients with venous tumor thrombus. With data from one extensively characterized patient, we observed that plasma and, for the first time, urine ctDNA may better represent tumor heterogeneity than a single tissue biopsy. Furthermore, in a subset of patients (n = 16), longitudinal sampling revealed that ctDNA can track disease course and may pre-empt radiological identification of minimal residual disease or disease progression on systemic therapy. Additional datasets will be required to validate these findings. CONCLUSIONS These data highlight RCC as a ctDNA-low malignancy. The biological reasons for this are yet to be determined. Nonetheless, our findings indicate potential clinical utility in the management of patients with renal tumors, provided improvement in isolation and detection approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Smith
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
| | - Tina Moser
- Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Graz, Austria
| | - Florent Mouliere
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Field-Rayner
- Cambridge Urology Translational Research and Clinical Trials Office, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Matthew Eldridge
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Anja L Riediger
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Dineika Chandrananda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Katrin Heider
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Jonathan C M Wan
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Anne Y Warren
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - James Morris
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Irena Hudecova
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Wendy N Cooper
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Thomas J Mitchell
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Davina Gale
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Andrea Ruiz-Valdepenas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Tobias Klatte
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Urology, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Stephan Ursprung
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Evis Sala
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Antony C P Riddick
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tevita F Aho
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - James N Armitage
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Samantha Perakis
- Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Pichler
- Department of Internal Medicine Graz, Austria Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Maximilian Seles
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriel Wcislo
- Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sarah J Welsh
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Athena Matakidou
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
| | - Tim Eisen
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB2 0AA, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Charles E Massie
- Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Nitzan Rosenfeld
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Human Genetics, Graz, Austria.
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Graz, Austria.
| | - Grant D Stewart
- Cancer Research UK Major Centre - Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
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16
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Ulz P, Perakis S, Zhou Q, Moser T, Belic J, Lazzeri I, Wölfler A, Zebisch A, Gerger A, Pristauz G, Petru E, White B, Roberts CES, John JS, Schimek MG, Geigl JB, Bauernhofer T, Sill H, Bock C, Heitzer E, Speicher MR. Inference of transcription factor binding from cell-free DNA enables tumor subtype prediction and early detection. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4666. [PMID: 31604930 PMCID: PMC6789008 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12714-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of transcription factors (TFs) is an important driver of tumorigenesis, but non-invasive assays for assessing transcription factor activity are lacking. Here we develop and validate a minimally invasive method for assessing TF activity based on cell-free DNA sequencing and nucleosome footprint analysis. We analyze whole genome sequencing data for >1,000 cell-free DNA samples from cancer patients and healthy controls using a bioinformatics pipeline developed by us that infers accessibility of TF binding sites from cell-free DNA fragmentation patterns. We observe patient-specific as well as tumor-specific patterns, including accurate prediction of tumor subtypes in prostate cancer, with important clinical implications for the management of patients. Furthermore, we show that cell-free DNA TF profiling is capable of detection of early-stage colorectal carcinomas. Our approach for mapping tumor-specific transcription factor binding in vivo based on blood samples makes a key part of the noncoding genome amenable to clinical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ulz
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Samantha Perakis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Qing Zhou
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tina Moser
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jelena Belic
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Isaac Lazzeri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Albert Wölfler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Armin Zebisch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Armin Gerger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gunda Pristauz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Edgar Petru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Michael G Schimek
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jochen B Geigl
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Bauernhofer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Heinz Sill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarland Informatics Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Liquid Biopsies for Early Detection of Cancer, Graz, Austria.
| | - Michael R Speicher
- Institute of Human Genetics, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Moser T, Smith CG, Seles M, Wcislo G, Eldridge M, Perakis S, Mouliere F, Lazzeri I, Heider K, Warren A, Rosenfeld N, Stewart GD, Heitzer E. Abstract 1367: Comprehensive characterization of cell-free tumor DNA in plasma and urine of patients with renal tumors. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-1367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents a heterogenous disease in terms of histologic subtypes, prognosis and treatment response. Genetic heterogeneity offers a particular challenge to direct available targeted therapies that best match the patient. Profiling and monitoring of tumor-specific alterations from body fluids has been demonstrated as a valuable tool for many tumor types. Yet, the utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in RCC has not been well established. To characterize the levels and composition of ctDNA in the plasma and urine we employed a broad range of targeted and untargeted methods to two independent cohorts of patients with renal tumors. We applied shallow Whole Genome Sequencing (sWGS) and modified Fast Aneuploidy Screen Test-Sequencing System (mFAST-SeqS) to 43 patients with metastatic RCCs. Using the mFAST-SeqS, ctDNA was detectable in only 2 out of 43 patients (4.7%). However, assessment of tumor fractions based on sWGS using the ichorCNA algorithm revealed 6 further patients with detectable amounts of ctDNA. In silico size selection of fragments < 150bp further improved the detection rate to 27% (12 out of 43 patients). This is consistent with previous reports that tumor-derived fragments are often smaller compared to cell-free DNA of normal cells and as such enrichment of smaller fragment increases the sensitivity. High-resolution mutation analysis of 10 recurrently mutated genes in RCC was performed using a QIASeq custom capture panel, enabling detection of tumor-specific mutations at baseline in 18% (8/43) of patients. Of these five had detectable tumor fractions as observed with ichorCNA. Furthermore, we had access to longitudinally obtained plasma samples for 37 of our 43 (86%) patients with a median follow-up period of 6 months (range, 0.4-19.2). The QIASeq panel was applied to follow-up patients of which mutations were identified at baseline. For most of these patients, ctDNA was elevated at treatment initiation but decreased with response. At the time of progression, or when a response could not be achieved, ctDNA increased or remained elevated. Plasma and urine samples were available for a second cohort (n=47) of patients with a wide range of renal tumors. Detection rates using both broad, untargeted sequencing methods and targeted, sensitive approaches were similarly low with 7/47 (14.9%) and 45.5% (10/22), respectively. Interrogation of those patients with detectable ctDNA revealed, for the first time, that urine ctDNA is capable of overcoming genetic heterogeneity and offers information that is complementary to that provided by plasma. Taken together, our data revealed that ctDNA levels are lower in RCC than other cancers of similar stage. Although, ctDNA can be detected in blood and urine of RCC patients and there is potential for clinical utility, improved isolation and detection methods are needed to achieve a broad patient coverage.
Citation Format: Tina Moser, Christopher G. Smith, Maximilian Seles, Gabriel Wcislo, Matthew Eldridge, Samantha Perakis, Florent Mouliere, Isaac Lazzeri, Katrin Heider, Anne Warren, Nitzan Rosenfeld, Grant D. Stewart, Ellen Heitzer. Comprehensive characterization of cell-free tumor DNA in plasma and urine of patients with renal tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1367.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Moser
- 1Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Matthew Eldridge
- 2Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha Perakis
- 1Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Graz, Austria
| | - Florent Mouliere
- 5Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Isaac Lazzeri
- 1Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Graz, Austria
| | - Katrin Heider
- 2Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Warren
- 6Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nitzan Rosenfeld
- 2Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Grant D. Stewart
- 6Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- 1Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Graz, Austria
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Moser T, Ulz P, Zhou Q, Perakis S, Geigl JB, Speicher MR, Heitzer E. Single-Stranded DNA Library Preparation Does Not Preferentially Enrich Circulating Tumor DNA. Clin Chem 2017; 63:1656-1659. [DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2017.277988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Moser
- Institute of Human Genetics Medical University of Graz Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Ulz
- Institute of Human Genetics Medical University of Graz Graz, Austria
| | - Qing Zhou
- Institute of Human Genetics Medical University of Graz Graz, Austria
| | - Samantha Perakis
- Institute of Human Genetics Medical University of Graz Graz, Austria
| | - Jochen B Geigl
- Institute of Human Genetics Medical University of Graz Graz, Austria
| | - Michael R Speicher
- Institute of Human Genetics Medical University of Graz Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Austria
| | - Ellen Heitzer
- Institute of Human Genetics Medical University of Graz Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Austria
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Martel G, Forget C, Gilbert G, Richard H, Moser T, Olive J, Laverty S. Validation of the ultrasonographic assessment of the femoral trochlea epiphyseal cartilage in foals at osteochondrosis predilected sites with magnetic resonance imaging and histology. Equine Vet J 2017; 49:821-828. [DOI: 10.1111/evj.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Martel
- Département des Sciences Cliniques; Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire; Université de Montréal; St-Hyacinthe Quebec Canada
| | - C. Forget
- Service vétérinaire Dr Claude Forget; St-Jérôme Quebec Canada
| | - G. Gilbert
- Philips Healthcare; MR Clinical Science; Markham Ontario Canada
| | - H. Richard
- Département des Sciences Cliniques; Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire; Université de Montréal; St-Hyacinthe Quebec Canada
| | - T. Moser
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal; Hôpital Notre-Dame; Montréal Quebec Canada
| | - J. Olive
- Animal Oncology and Imaging Center; Rotkreuz Switzerland
| | - S. Laverty
- Département des Sciences Cliniques; Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire; Université de Montréal; St-Hyacinthe Quebec Canada
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Mann P, Witte M, Moser T, Lang C, Runz A, Johnen W, Berger M, Biederer J, Karger CP. 3D dosimetric validation of motion compensation concepts in radiotherapy using an anthropomorphic dynamic lung phantom. Phys Med Biol 2016; 62:573-595. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa51b1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Moser T, Stefanowicz S, Rhein B, Oetzel D, Adeberg S, Koenig L, Wolf R, Rieken S, Karger C. SU-F-J-21: Clinical Evaluation of Surface Scanning Systems in Different Treatment Locations. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4955929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Deniel A, Causeret A, Moser T, Rolland Y, Dréano T, Guillin R. Entrapment and traumatic neuropathies of the elbow and hand: An imaging approach. Diagn Interv Imaging 2015; 96:1261-78. [PMID: 26573067 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging currently offer a detailed analysis of the peripheral nerves. Compressive and traumatic nerve injuries are the two main indications for imaging investigation of nerves with several publications describing the indications, technique and diagnostic capabilities of imaging signs. Investigation of entrapment neuropathies has three main goals, which are to confirm neuronal distress, search for the cause of nerve compression and exclude a differential diagnosis on the entire nerve. For traumatic nerve injuries, imaging, predominantly ultrasound, occasionally provides essential information for management including the type of nerve lesion, its exact site and local extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Deniel
- Department of Medical Imaging, Rennes University Hospitals, Sud Hospital, 16, boulevard de Bulgarie, 35203 Rennes cedex 2, France.
| | - A Causeret
- Department of Medical Imaging, Rennes University Hospitals, Sud Hospital, 16, boulevard de Bulgarie, 35203 Rennes cedex 2, France
| | - T Moser
- Department of Radiology, Montreal University Hospital Centre, 1560, rue Sherbrooke-Est, Montreal, Quebec H2 4M1, Canada
| | - Y Rolland
- Department of Medical Imaging, Eugène Marquis Centre, avenue de la Bataille-Flandres-Dunkerque, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - T Dréano
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Rennes University Hospitals, 2, rue Henri-Le-Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - R Guillin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Rennes University Hospitals, Sud Hospital, 16, boulevard de Bulgarie, 35203 Rennes cedex 2, France
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Sollmann N, Obermueller T, Sabih J, Bulubasova L, Negwer C, Moser T, Ringel F, Meyer B, Krieg S. P62. Changing the clinical course of glioma patients by preoperative motor mapping with navigated transcranial magnetic brain stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.04.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
In the mammalian cochlea, sound is encoded at synapses between inner hair cells (IHCs) and type I spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Each SGN receives input from a single IHC ribbon-type active zone (AZ) and yet SGNs indefatigably spike up to hundreds of Hz to encode acoustic stimuli with submillisecond precision. Accumulating evidence indicates a highly specialized molecular composition and structure of the presynapse, adapted to suit these high functional demands. However, we are only beginning to understand key features such as stimulus-secretion coupling, exocytosis mechanisms, exo-endocytosis coupling, modes of endocytosis and vesicle reformation, as well as replenishment of the readily releasable pool. Relating structure and function has become an important avenue in addressing these points and has been applied to normal and genetically manipulated hair cell synapses. Here, we review some of the exciting new insights gained from recent studies of the molecular anatomy and physiology of IHC ribbon synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Wichmann
- Molecular Architecture of Synapses Group, Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Collaborative Research Center 889, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - T. Moser
- Collaborative Research Center 889, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Merz PR, Moser T, Höll J, Kortekamp A, Buchholz G, Zyprian E, Bogs J. The transcription factor VvWRKY33 is involved in the regulation of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) defense against the oomycete pathogen Plasmopara viticola. Physiol Plant 2015; 153:365-80. [PMID: 25132131 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera ssp. vinifera) is one of the most important fruit species; however, it is highly susceptible to various pathogens, which can cause severe crop losses in viticulture. It has been shown that several WRKY class transcription factors (TFs) are part of the signal transduction cascade, which leads to the activation of plant defense reactions against various pathogens. In the present investigation, a full-length cDNA was isolated from V. vinifera leaf tissue encoding a predicted protein, designated VvWRKY33, which shows the characteristics of group I WRKY protein family. VvWRKY33 induction correlates with the expression of VvPR10.1 (pathogenesis-related 10.1) gene in the leaves of the resistant cultivar 'Regent' after infection with Plasmopara viticola, whereas in the susceptible cultivar 'Lemberger' VvWRKY33 and VvPR10.1 are not induced. Corresponding expression of the TF and VvPR10.1 was even obtained in uninfected ripening berries. In planta, analysis of VvWRKY33 has been performed by ectopic expression of VvWRKY33 in grapevine leaves of greenhouse plants mediated via Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation. In consequence, VvWRKY33 strongly increases resistance to P. viticola in the susceptible cultivar 'Shiraz' and reduces pathogen sporulation of about 50-70%, indicating a functional role for resistance in grapevine. Complementation of the resistance-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 (Col-0) mutant line wrky33-1 by constitutive expression of VvWRKY33 restores resistance against Botrytis cinerea to wild-type level and in some complemented mutant lines even exceeds the resistance level of the parental line Col-0. Our results support the involvement of VvWRKY33 in the defense reaction of grapevine against different pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick R Merz
- Dienstleistungszentrum Laendlicher Raum Rheinpfalz, Studiengang Weinbau und Oenologie, 67435, Neustadt, Germany
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Mann P, Witte M, Armbruster S, Runz A, Lang C, Breithaupt M, Berger M, Biederer J, Karger CP, Moser T. Feasibility of polymer gel dosimetry measurements in a dynamic porcine lung phantom. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/573/1/012079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Bureau NJ, Moser T, Dagher JH, Shedid D, Li M, Brassard P, Leduc BE. Transforaminal versus intra-articular facet corticosteroid injections for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014; 35:1467-74. [PMID: 24874533 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transforaminal corticosteroid injections can be performed in the management of cervical radiculopathy but carry the risk of catastrophic complications. This study compares the efficacy of transforaminal and facet corticosteroid injections at 4 weeks' follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS We randomly assigned 56 subjects to receive CT-guided transforaminal (15 men, 13 women; mean age, 52 years; range, 28-72 years) or facet (8 men, 20 women; mean, 44 years; range, 26-60 years) injections. The primary outcome was pain severity rated on a Visual Analog Scale (0-100). Secondary outcomes were the Neck Disability Index and the Medication Quantitative Scale. RESULTS In the intention-to-treat and as-treated analyses, for a mean baseline score, facet injections demonstrated a significant pain score reduction of 45.3% (95% CI, 21.4-69.2) and 37.0% (95% CI, 9.2-64.7), while transforaminal injections showed a nonsignificant pain score reduction of 9.8% (95% CI, +11.5-31.2) and 17.8% (95% CI, +6.6-42.2). While facet injections demonstrated an improvement in the Neck Disability Index score of 24.3% (95% CI, +2.9-51.5) and 20.7% (95% CI, +6.2-47.6) as opposed to transforaminal injections of 9.6% (95% CI, +15.2-34.4) and 12.8% (95% CI, +11.2-36.7), the results were not statistically significant. Noninferiority of facet to transforaminal injections was demonstrated for baseline pain scores of ≤60, while noninferiority analysis was inconclusive for baseline pain scores of ≥80 and for the Neck Disability Index. Neither intervention showed a significant medication-intake score reduction with time. CONCLUSIONS Facet injections are effective for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy and represent a valid and safer alternative to transforaminal injections.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Bureau
- From the Department of Radiology (N.J.B., T.M.)Research Center (N.J.B., T.M.)
| | - T Moser
- From the Department of Radiology (N.J.B., T.M.)Research Center (N.J.B., T.M.)
| | - J H Dagher
- Institut de réadaptation Gingras-Lindsay-de-Montréal (J.H.D.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - M Li
- Department of Surgery (M.L.), Division of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - P Brassard
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology (P.B.), McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - B E Leduc
- Division of Neurosurgery, and Department of Medicine (B.E.L.), Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Moser T, Armbruster S, Runz A, Biederer J, Karger C. EP-1456: Feasibility study to establish polymer gel dosimetry in a real lung tissue phantom. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)31574-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ohana M, Moser T, Moussaouï A, Kremer S, Carlier R, Liverneaux P, Dietemann JL. Current and future imaging of the peripheral nervous system. Diagn Interv Imaging 2014; 95:17-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2013.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Scholz-Starke B, Beylich A, Moser T, Nikolakis A, Rumpler N, Schäffer A, Theißen B, Toschki A, Roß-Nickoll M. The response of soil organism communities to the application of the insecticide lindane in terrestrial model ecosystems. Ecotoxicology 2013; 22:339-362. [PMID: 23264019 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-012-1030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The EU plant protection regulation 1107/2009/EC defines the requirements for active ingredients to be approved, specifically including the assessment of effects on biodiversity and ecosystems. According to that, semi-field methods are expected to be more important in the near future. Therefore, a higher-tier experiment suitable to assess the risk for soil organisms was conducted to further develop the TME (terrestrial model ecosystems) methodology in a dose-response design with the persistent insecticidal model compound lindane (gamma-HCH). The effects of lindane on soil communities such as collembolans, oribatid mites, nematodes, soil fungi and plant biomass were determined in 42 TME. Intact TME-soil cores (diameter 300 mm, height 400 mm) from undisturbed grassland were stored outdoor under natural climatic conditions. Lindane was applied in five concentrations between 0.032 mg active ingredients (ai)/kg dry soil and 3.2 mg ai/kg dry weight soil, six-fold replicated each. Twelve TME served as untreated controls. Abundance and community structures of oribatids, collembolans, enchytraeids, nematodes and fungi were recorded. Oribatid mites' community responded 3 months after treatment, although they were not significantly affected by the overall treatment regimen. Collembolans in total and species-specific abundance as well as the community endpoints (principal response curves, diversity measures) were adversely affected by moderate dosages of lindane. Effects were transient between 3 and 5 months after treatment with a recovery within 1 year. No significant effects could be detected for enchytraeids, nematodes and fungi. The study design and the obtained results allow for calculations of no observed effect concentrations below the highest treatment level for populations and for soil communities as defined entities, as well as effective concentrations. The paper discusses the limits of effect detection in the light of achievable coefficients of variation and by means of minimum detectable differences. Outdoor TME are useful to analyze and assess functional and structural endpoints in soil organisms' communities and their possible recovery after pesticide treatment within 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Scholz-Starke
- Chair of Environmental Biology and Chemodynamics, Institute for Environmental Research (BioV), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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Ohana M, Moser T, Meyer N, Zorn P, Liverneaux P, Dietemann JL. 3T tractography of the median nerve: Optimisation of acquisition parameters and normative diffusion values. Diagn Interv Imaging 2012; 93:775-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2012.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
The organ of Corti, the sensory epithelium of the mammalian auditory system, uses afferent and efferent synapses for encoding auditory signals and top-down modulation of cochlear function. During development, the final precisely ordered sensorineural circuit is established following excessive formation of afferent and efferent synapses and subsequent refinement. Here, we review the development of innervation of the mouse organ of Corti and its regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Bulankina
- InnerEarLab, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Goettingen School of Medicine, Goettingen, Germany
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Meyer AC, Khimich D, Egner A, Moser T. [Super-resolution optical microscopy of the organ of Corti. Investigations on the fine structure of the inner hair cell afferent synapse by the 4Pi and STED techniques]. HNO 2012; 60:707-14. [PMID: 22767188 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-011-2457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inner hair cells encode sound into action potentials in the auditory nerve. Spiral ganglion neurons form the afferent innervation of inner hair cells via the hair cell synapse. The structure and function of this ribbon-type synapse is considered to have a major impact on the sound encoding process itself. In this study we have used conventional confocal microscopy as well as super-resolution techniques to investigate the synaptic organization in the inner hair cells of mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS Functionally relevant proteins of the afferent inner hair cell synapse were selectively marked using immunohistochemical methods and investigated with conventional confocal and super-resolution 4Pi- and stimulated emission depletion (STED) techniques. RESULTS Synapse and innervation density was mapped over the entire tonotopic axis. We found inner hair cells in the region of best hearing to have about twice the number of afferent fibres compared to the apex or base of the cochlea. For the first time 4Pi and STED microscopic techniques were employed to resolve the fine structure of these synapses beyond the resolution of conventional light microscopy. With 4Pi a resolution of approximately 100 nm in the z-axis direction is feasible. In practice STED delivers an effective resolution between 150 and 30 nm, depending on the power of the lasers employed. Synapses at different tonotopic positions of the cochlea exhibit no relevant structural differences at this level of resolution. The 4Pi and STED microscopic techniques are capable of showing the structure of afferent synapses in the organ of Corti with unsurpassed resolution. These images contribute to our understanding of sound-encoding mechanisms in the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Meyer
- Innenohrlabor der HNO-Klinik, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, 37099, Göttingen, Deutschland.
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Moser T, Schubert K, Sroka-Perez G, Uhl M, Habl G, Herfarth K, Debus J, Karger C. PD-0490 CLINICAL EVALUATION OF A LASER SURFACE SCANNING SYSTEM IN 120 PATIENTS FOR IMPROVING DAILY SETUP ACCURACY. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)70829-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Moser T, Ehlinger M, Chelli Bouaziz M, Fethi Ladeb M, Durckel J, Dosch JC. Pitfalls in osteoarticular imaging: How to distinguish bone infection from tumour? Diagn Interv Imaging 2012; 93:351-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2012.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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L'Heureux-Lebeau B, Odobescu A, Moser T, Harris PG, Danino MA. Ulnar subluxation of the median nerve following carpal tunnel release: a case report. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2012; 65:e99-e101. [PMID: 22227502 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2011.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Complications of carpal tunnel release, while infrequent, include incomplete release resulting in persistent symptoms or recurrence due to postoperative scarring, as well as iatrogenic damage to nerves and vessels. We present the case of a patient who underwent carpal tunnel release with resolution of symptoms in the immediate postoperative period. At one and a half years post release he started to experience numbness and tingling in a median nerve distribution triggered by repetitive ulnar to radial deviation of the wrist, with no symptoms at rest. Dynamic ultrasound showed a subluxation of the median nerve from one side of the palmaris longus tendon to the other. The patient's symptoms were triggered as the median nerve squeezed in between the palmaris longus and flexor digitorum superficialis tendons.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L'Heureux-Lebeau
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Montréal Hospital Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Meyer TE, Kyndt JA, Memmi S, Moser T, Colón-Acevedo B, Devreese B, Van Beeumen JJ. The growing family of photoactive yellow proteins and their presumed functional roles. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2012; 11:1495-514. [DOI: 10.1039/c2pp25090j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Gangi A, Buy X, Garnon J, Tsoumakidou G, Moser T, Bierry G, Muller A. Traitement de la douleur en oncologie. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 92:801-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jradio.2011.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Ehlinger M, Moser T, Adam P, Bierry G, Gangi A, de Mathelin M, Bonnomet F. Early prediction of femoral head avascular necrosis following neck fracture. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2011; 97:79-88. [PMID: 21087905 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2010.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Femoral neck fracture puts at risk functional prognosis in young patients and can be life-threatening in the elderly. The present study reviews methods of femoral head vascularity assessment following neck fracture, to address the following issues: what is the risk of osteonecrosis? And what, in the light of this risk, is the best-adapted treatment to avoid iterative surgery? Femoral head vascularity depends on retinacular vessels and especially the lateral epiphyseal artery, which contributes from 70 to 80% of the femoral head vascular supply. Fracture causes vascular lesions, which are in turn the prime cause of necrosis. Other factors combine with this: hematoma tamponade effect, reduced joint space and increased pressure due to lower extremity positioning in extension/internal rotation/abduction during surgery. Head deformity is not due to direct cell death but to the repair process originating from the surrounding living bone. In post-traumatic necrosis, proliferation rapidly invades the head, with significant osteogenesis. Pathologic fractures occur at the boundary between the new and dead bone. Many techniques have been reported to help assess residual hemodynamics and risk of necrosis. Some are invasive: superselective angiography, intra-osseous oxygen pressure measurement, or Doppler-laser hemodynamic measurement; others involve imaging: scintigraphy, conventionnal or dynamic MRI. The future seems to lie with dynamic MRI, which allows a new classification of femoral neck fractures, based on a non-invasive assessment of femoral head vascularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ehlinger
- Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology Department, Hautepierre Hospital, Strasbourg University Hospitals, 1, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg cedex, France.
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Schutz M, Auth T, Gehrt A, Bosen F, Korber I, Strenzke N, Moser T, Willecke K. The connexin26 S17F mouse mutant represents a model for the human hereditary keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 20:28-39. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
The mechanism location and type of injury varies according to patient age and severity of trauma. The imaging work-up with radiographs, CT and MRI must be adapted to each individual case. In the setting of minor trauma, standard radiographs are obtained when clinically indicated. In all other cases of high energy trauma, spinal trauma with neurological deficit or incomplete or difficult standard radiographic evaluation, CT will be indicated for osseous injuries while MRI will provide optimal evaluation of soft tissues. Dislocations require immediate treatment. The imaging work-up should by no means delay management. Significant sprains are rare. Several diagnostic pitfalls occur at both extremities of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jc Dosch
- Service de radiologie, Centre de chirurgie orthopédique et de la main Illkirch BP 49, 67098 Strasbourg cedex, France.
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Abstract
There is a wide range of spinal cord pathologies (vascular, inflammatory, infectious, metabolic, degenerative). They present clinically as acute partial or complete cord syndromes, or chronic myelopathies (more than 4 weeks in duration). MRI examination should be undertaken with a very strict protocol. Spinal cord lesions should be evaluated with regards to their T1W and T2W signal characteristics, involvement of grey and/or white matter, axial and sagittal extension, cord volume changes, contrast uptake and associated lesions (perimedullary, radicular or brain). The correlation of MR imaging features with clinical and biological data (blood and CSF) should suggest a differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kremer
- Service de Radiologie 2, CHU de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg, France.
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Römbke J, Krogh KA, Moser T, Scheffczyk A, Liebig M. Effects of the veterinary pharmaceutical ivermectin on soil invertebrates in laboratory tests. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2010; 58:332-340. [PMID: 19882295 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-009-9414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
As part of the risk assessment of veterinary pharmaceuticals, the potential impact of these chemicals on soil ecosystems has to be determined according to European law. However, almost no data from standardized laboratory tests are available. Therefore, in the EU FP6 ERAPharm, the effects of the widely used veterinary pharmaceutical ivermectin, an anthelminthic, were studied in chronic laboratory tests performed according to OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) and ISO (International Organization for Standardization) guidelines. In detail, three soil invertebrate species--the earthworm Eisenia fetida, the springtail Folsomia candida, and the predatory mite Hypoaspis aculeifer--were tested. The nominal concentrations of ivermectin mixed into the test substrate artificial soil was verified using residue analysis, which indicated that the test substance is persistent for at least up to 28 days. As expected when considering the mode of action of this substance, survival and reproduction of collembolans were clearly affected [LC(50) = 8.4 mg/kg soil dry weight (dw); NOEC(repro) = 0.3 mg/kg soil (dw)]. Predatory mites reacted less sensitively [LC(50) > or = 31.6 mg/kg soil (dw); NOEC(repro) = 3.2 mg/kg soil (dw)]. Earthworm survival and reproduction were affected in the same order of magnitude as the predatory mites [LC(50) > or = 10 mg/kg soil (dw); NOEC(repro) = 2.5 mg/kg soil (dw)]. These results are in good agreement with the few data known from nonstandardized tests for the same or related soil invertebrate species. The results of these tests indicate that the effects of ivermectin on soil invertebrates--in particular, collembolans--cannot be excluded at field-relevant concentrations, as determined in a risk assessment according to VICH guidelines. More sophisticated higher-tier tests (e.g., in multispecies or semifield test systems) are recommended in order to assess the potential risk more accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Römbke
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Böttgerstr. 2-14, 65439, Flörsheim, Germany.
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Ehlinger M, Adam P, Moser T, Delpin D, Bonnomet F. Type C periprosthetic fractures treated with locking plate fixation with a mean follow up of 2.5 years. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2010; 96:44-8. [PMID: 20170856 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcot.2009.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 07/24/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type C periprosthetic femoral fractures present fixation problems related to the extent of the fracture and the quality of the bone stock. OBJECTIVES The authors report a continuous and prospective series of type C periprosthetic femoral fractures to assess the mechanical stability of the femoral implant and the clinical outcome at the medium term. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between April 2004 and November 2006, we treated 17 patients (15 females, two males) presenting a prosthetic hip fracture (12 cases), between the hip prosthesis and the knee (one case), and with a knee prosthesis (four cases). All the implants had no sign of loosening at the time of fracture. The patients' mean age was 76.7 years (range, 39-93 years). Internal fixation was obtained with a locking compression plate (LCP) Synthes bridging the implant in place to prevent a weak zone. The rehabilitation protocol consisted in full weight bearing as much as possible. RESULTS The mean follow-up of the series was 31.5 months (range, 4-51 months). Four deaths were recorded during the follow-up. Minimally invasive surgery was performed in 15 patients.Total loading was possible immediately in 10 patients, partial loading at 20 kg in three patients,and no loading was possible until 6 weeks in four patients. Two infections and a bending-type mechanical complication of the plate secondary to a fall were observed. Consolidation was obtained in all cases with the appearance of callus formation beginning in the 6th week. DISCUSSION The technique used allies the principle of closed internal fixation (with preservation of the fracture hematoma) with mechanical stability. The screws locking to the plate warrant an internal fixator with increased stability that is sufficient for early loading with no risk of losing the secondary axis. Despite this increased rigidity, we did not observe any particular stress on the femoral implants. We recommend bridging the implant and spaced locking for better distribution of the stresses during loading. This hardware, with, if possible, insertion using a reduced approach, seems adapted to periprosthetic femoral fractures, particularly in the elderly. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV, prospective therapeutic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ehlinger
- Service de chirurgie orthopédique et de traumatologie, hôpital Hautepierre, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 1, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg cedex, France.
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Szwarc D, Veillon F, Moser T, Averous G, De Blay F, Riehm S. [Churg-Strauss syndrome under omalizumab treatment: a rare visceral manifestation]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 90:1737-9. [PMID: 19953062 DOI: 10.1016/s0221-0363(09)73273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Szwarc
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg Cedex, France.
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Höss S, Jänsch S, Moser T, Junker T, Römbke J. Assessing the toxicity of contaminated soils using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as test organism. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2009; 72:1811-8. [PMID: 19665791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2009] [Revised: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 07/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, nine uncontaminated reference soils and 22 contaminated soils with different physico-chemical properties and contamination patterns were tested with a standardized toxicity test, using the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, as test organism. Fertility, growth and reproduction of C. elegans in the soils were compared with the exposure in standard soil Lufa St.2.2. C. elegans showed 100% fertility and a very low variability of growth in the reference soils. Although, reproduction varied considerably between the various reference soils, validity criteria (>30 offspring per test organism) were met in all reference soils. Moreover, Lufa St. 2.2 turned out to be a suitable and representative control soil. In order to clearly classify the effects of the polluted soils on C. elegans, toxicity thresholds were derived for nematode fertility (20% inhibition), growth (10% inhibition) and reproduction (40% inhibition) on the basis of the test inherent variability (MDD=minimal detectable difference), as well as their variability between the uncontaminated reference soils (MTI=maximal tolerable inhibition). The contaminated soils showed clear toxic effects on the nematodes, whereas the toxicity was better correlated to organic than to heavy metal contamination in bulk soil. Interestingly, the results of the nematode toxicity test were not well correlated with those of tests with oligochaetes, collembolans and plants, performed with the same soils, showing that the results are not redundant. The toxicity test using C. elegans turned out to be suitable for testing the toxicity of field collected soils and might by a valuable addition to soil test batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Höss
- Ecossa, Giselastr. 6, 82319 Starnberg, Germany.
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50
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Moser T, Lin XZ, Bazille G, Fleury M, Dietemann JL, Kremer S. Progressive hemianopsia caused by intracranial enchondroma in Ollier disease. Neurology 2008; 71:2018. [PMID: 19064887 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000336976.07237.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Moser
- Service de Radiologie 2, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
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