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Kubota S, Sasaki C, Kikuta S, Yoshida J, Ito S, Gomi H, Oya T, Seki K. Modulation of somatosensory signal transmission in the primate cuneate nucleus during voluntary hand movement. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113884. [PMID: 38458194 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Primate hands house an array of mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors, which are essential for tactile and kinematic information crucial for daily motor action. While the regulation of these somatosensory signals is essential for hand movements, the specific central nervous system (CNS) location and mechanism remain unclear. Our study demonstrates the attenuation of somatosensory signals in the cuneate nucleus during voluntary movement, suggesting significant modulation at this initial relay station in the CNS. The attenuation is comparable to the cerebral cortex but more pronounced than in the spinal cord, indicating the cuneate nuclei's role in somatosensory perception modulation during movement. Moreover, our findings suggest that the descending motor tract may regulate somatosensory transmission in the cuneate nucleus, enhancing relevant signals and suppressing unnecessary ones for the regulation of movement. This process of recurrent somatosensory modulation between cortical and subcortical areas could be a basic mechanism for modulating somatosensory signals to achieve active perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Kubota
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Chika Sasaki
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Satomi Kikuta
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yoshida
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Sho Ito
- NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Co., Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Gomi
- NTT Communication Science Laboratories, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Co., Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Tomomichi Oya
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Seki
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.
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2
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Chung B, Zia M, Thomas KA, Michaels JA, Jacob A, Pack A, Williams MJ, Nagapudi K, Teng LH, Arrambide E, Ouellette L, Oey N, Gibbs R, Anschutz P, Lu J, Wu Y, Kashefi M, Oya T, Kersten R, Mosberger AC, O'Connell S, Wang R, Marques H, Mendes AR, Lenschow C, Kondakath G, Kim JJ, Olson W, Quinn KN, Perkins P, Gatto G, Thanawalla A, Coltman S, Kim T, Smith T, Binder-Markey B, Zaback M, Thompson CK, Giszter S, Person A, Goulding M, Azim E, Thakor N, O'Connor D, Trimmer B, Lima SQ, Carey MR, Pandarinath C, Costa RM, Pruszynski JA, Bakir M, Sober SJ. Myomatrix arrays for high-definition muscle recording. eLife 2023; 12:RP88551. [PMID: 38113081 PMCID: PMC10730117 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons coordinate their activity to produce an astonishing variety of motor behaviors. Our present understanding of motor control has grown rapidly thanks to new methods for recording and analyzing populations of many individual neurons over time. In contrast, current methods for recording the nervous system's actual motor output - the activation of muscle fibers by motor neurons - typically cannot detect the individual electrical events produced by muscle fibers during natural behaviors and scale poorly across species and muscle groups. Here we present a novel class of electrode devices ('Myomatrix arrays') that record muscle activity at unprecedented resolution across muscles and behaviors. High-density, flexible electrode arrays allow for stable recordings from the muscle fibers activated by a single motor neuron, called a 'motor unit,' during natural behaviors in many species, including mice, rats, primates, songbirds, frogs, and insects. This technology therefore allows the nervous system's motor output to be monitored in unprecedented detail during complex behaviors across species and muscle morphologies. We anticipate that this technology will allow rapid advances in understanding the neural control of behavior and identifying pathologies of the motor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce Chung
- Department of Biology, Emory UniversityAtlantaUnited States
| | - Muneeb Zia
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaUnited States
| | - Kyle A Thomas
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia TechAtlantaUnited States
| | | | - Amanda Jacob
- Department of Biology, Emory UniversityAtlantaUnited States
| | - Andrea Pack
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Emory UniversityAtlantaUnited States
| | - Matthew J Williams
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia TechAtlantaUnited States
| | | | - Lay Heng Teng
- Department of Biology, Emory UniversityAtlantaUnited States
| | | | | | - Nicole Oey
- Department of Biology, Emory UniversityAtlantaUnited States
| | - Rhuna Gibbs
- Department of Biology, Emory UniversityAtlantaUnited States
| | - Philip Anschutz
- Graduate Program in BioEngineering, Georgia TechAtlantaUnited States
| | - Jiaao Lu
- Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia TechAtlantaUnited States
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaUnited States
| | - Mehrdad Kashefi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western UniversityLondonCanada
| | - Tomomichi Oya
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western UniversityLondonCanada
| | - Rhonda Kersten
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western UniversityLondonCanada
| | - Alice C Mosberger
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute at Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | - Sean O'Connell
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia TechAtlantaUnited States
| | - Runming Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia TechAtlantaUnited States
| | - Hugo Marques
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud FoundationLisbonPortugal
| | - Ana Rita Mendes
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud FoundationLisbonPortugal
| | - Constanze Lenschow
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud FoundationLisbonPortugal
| | | | - Jeong Jun Kim
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - William Olson
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Kiara N Quinn
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Pierce Perkins
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Graziana Gatto
- Salk Institute for Biological StudiesLa JollaUnited States
| | | | - Susan Coltman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Taegyo Kim
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Drexel University, College of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Trevor Smith
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Drexel University, College of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Ben Binder-Markey
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Drexel University College of Nursing and Health ProfessionsPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Martin Zaback
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Christopher K Thompson
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Simon Giszter
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Drexel University, College of MedicinePhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Abigail Person
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
- Allen InstituteSeattleUnited States
| | | | - Eiman Azim
- Salk Institute for Biological StudiesLa JollaUnited States
| | - Nitish Thakor
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Daniel O'Connor
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Barry Trimmer
- Department of Biology, Tufts UniversityMedfordUnited States
| | - Susana Q Lima
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud FoundationLisbonPortugal
| | - Megan R Carey
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud FoundationLisbonPortugal
| | - Chethan Pandarinath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia TechAtlantaUnited States
| | - Rui M Costa
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute at Columbia UniversityNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Muhannad Bakir
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaUnited States
| | - Samuel J Sober
- Department of Biology, Emory UniversityAtlantaUnited States
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3
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Chung B, Zia M, Thomas KA, Michaels JA, Jacob A, Pack A, Williams MJ, Nagapudi K, Teng LH, Arrambide E, Ouellette L, Oey N, Gibbs R, Anschutz P, Lu J, Wu Y, Kashefi M, Oya T, Kersten R, Mosberger AC, O'Connell S, Wang R, Marques H, Mendes AR, Lenschow C, Kondakath G, Kim JJ, Olson W, Quinn KN, Perkins P, Gatto G, Thanawalla A, Coltman S, Kim T, Smith T, Binder-Markey B, Zaback M, Thompson CK, Giszter S, Person A, Goulding M, Azim E, Thakor N, O'Connor D, Trimmer B, Lima SQ, Carey MR, Pandarinath C, Costa RM, Pruszynski JA, Bakir M, Sober SJ. Myomatrix arrays for high-definition muscle recording. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.21.529200. [PMID: 36865176 PMCID: PMC9980060 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.21.529200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Neurons coordinate their activity to produce an astonishing variety of motor behaviors. Our present understanding of motor control has grown rapidly thanks to new methods for recording and analyzing populations of many individual neurons over time. In contrast, current methods for recording the nervous system's actual motor output - the activation of muscle fibers by motor neurons - typically cannot detect the individual electrical events produced by muscle fibers during natural behaviors and scale poorly across species and muscle groups. Here we present a novel class of electrode devices ("Myomatrix arrays") that record muscle activity at unprecedented resolution across muscles and behaviors. High-density, flexible electrode arrays allow for stable recordings from the muscle fibers activated by a single motor neuron, called a "motor unit", during natural behaviors in many species, including mice, rats, primates, songbirds, frogs, and insects. This technology therefore allows the nervous system's motor output to be monitored in unprecedented detail during complex behaviors across species and muscle morphologies. We anticipate that this technology will allow rapid advances in understanding the neural control of behavior and in identifying pathologies of the motor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce Chung
- Department of Biology, Emory University (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Muneeb Zia
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Kyle A Thomas
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Tech (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Jonathan A Michaels
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University (London, ON, Canada)
| | - Amanda Jacob
- Department of Biology, Emory University (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Andrea Pack
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Emory University (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Matthew J Williams
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Tech (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | | | - Lay Heng Teng
- Department of Biology, Emory University (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | | | | | - Nicole Oey
- Department of Biology, Emory University (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Rhuna Gibbs
- Department of Biology, Emory University (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Philip Anschutz
- Graduate Program in BioEngineering, Georgia Tech (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Jiaao Lu
- Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Tech (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Mehrdad Kashefi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University (London, ON, Canada)
| | - Tomomichi Oya
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University (London, ON, Canada)
| | - Rhonda Kersten
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University (London, ON, Canada)
| | - Alice C Mosberger
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute at Columbia University (New York, NY, USA)
| | - Sean O'Connell
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Tech (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Runming Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Tech (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Hugo Marques
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Foundation (Lisbon, Portugal)
| | - Ana Rita Mendes
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Foundation (Lisbon, Portugal)
| | - Constanze Lenschow
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Foundation (Lisbon, Portugal)
- current address: Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University, (Magdeburg, Germany)
| | | | - Jeong Jun Kim
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine (Baltimore, MD, USA)
| | - William Olson
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine (Baltimore, MD, USA)
| | - Kiara N Quinn
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine (Baltimore, MD, USA)
| | - Pierce Perkins
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine (Baltimore, MD, USA)
| | - Graziana Gatto
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (La Jolla, CA, USA)
- current address: Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne (Cologne, Germany)
| | | | - Susan Coltman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (Aurora, CO, USA)
| | - Taegyo Kim
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Drexel University, College of Medicine (Philadelphia, PA, USA)
| | - Trevor Smith
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Drexel University, College of Medicine (Philadelphia, PA, USA)
| | - Ben Binder-Markey
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Drexel University College of Nursing and Health Professions (Philadelphia, PA)
| | - Martin Zaback
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Temple University (Philadelphia, PA, USA)
| | - Christopher K Thompson
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Temple University (Philadelphia, PA, USA)
| | - Simon Giszter
- Department of Neurobiology & Anatomy, Drexel University, College of Medicine (Philadelphia, PA, USA)
| | - Abigail Person
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (Aurora, CO, USA)
| | | | - Eiman Azim
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies (La Jolla, CA, USA)
| | - Nitish Thakor
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine (Baltimore, MD, USA)
| | - Daniel O'Connor
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine (Baltimore, MD, USA)
| | - Barry Trimmer
- Department of Biology, Tufts University (Medford, MA, USA)
| | - Susana Q Lima
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Foundation (Lisbon, Portugal)
| | - Megan R Carey
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Champalimaud Foundation (Lisbon, Portugal)
| | - Chethan Pandarinath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering at Emory University and Georgia Tech (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Rui M Costa
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute at Columbia University (New York, NY, USA)
- Allen Institute (Seattle, WA, USA)
| | - J Andrew Pruszynski
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University (London, ON, Canada)
| | - Muhannad Bakir
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta, GA, USA)
| | - Samuel J Sober
- Department of Biology, Emory University (Atlanta, GA, USA)
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Chen H, Jun K, Oya T, Imaizumi Y, Hori Y, Matsumoto M, Minamimoto T, Naya Y, Yamada H. Stable neural population dynamics in the regression subspace for continuous and categorical task parameters in monkeys. eNeuro 2023:ENEURO.0016-23.2023. [PMID: 37385727 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0016-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural population dynamics provide a key computational framework for understanding information processing in the sensory, cognitive, and motor functions of the brain. They systematically depict complex neural population activity, dominated by strong temporal dynamics as trajectory geometry in a low-dimensional neural space. However, neural population dynamics are poorly related to the conventional analytical framework of single-neuron activity, the rate-coding regime that analyzes firing-rate modulations using task parameters. To link the rate-coding and dynamical models, we developed a variant of state-space analysis in the regression subspace, which describes the temporal structures of neural modulations using continuous and categorical task parameters. In macaque monkeys, using two neural population datasets containing either of two standard task parameters, contiguous and categorical, we revealed that neural modulation structures are reliably captured by these task parameters in the regression subspace as trajectory geometry in a lower dimension. Furthermore, we combined the classical optimal-stimulus response analysis (usually used in rate-coding analysis) with the dynamical model and found that the most prominent modulation dynamics in the lower dimension were derived from these optimal responses. Using those analyses, we successfully extracted geometries for both task parameters that formed a straight geometry, suggesting that their functional relevance is characterized as a unidimensional feature in their neural modulation dynamics. Collectively, our approach bridges neural modulation in the rate-coding model and the dynamical system and provides researchers with a significant advantage in exploring the temporal structure of neural modulations for pre-existing datasets.Significant statementOur results differ from earlier studies and suggest that our state-space analysis in the regression subspace provides a mechanistic neural population structure for visual recognition of items when monkeys perceived continuous and categorical task parameters. The neural population dynamics obtained from different brain regions using different behavioral tasks were similar and may share some common underlying information processing in a neural network. Our approach provides a simple framework for incorporating the single-neuron approach into the dynamical model as a procedure for describing neural modulation dynamics in the brain. This analytic extension gives researchers a significant advantage in that all types of pre-existing data for single neuron activity are useful for easily exploring their dynamics in a low-dimensional neural modulation space.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Chen
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, No. 52, Haidian Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100805, China
| | - Kunimatsu Jun
- Division of Biomedical Science, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Tomomichi Oya
- The Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, N6A 3K7, London, Canada
| | - Yuri Imaizumi
- Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hori
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Matsumoto
- Division of Biomedical Science, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Naya
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, No. 52, Haidian Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100805, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research at Peking University, No. 52, Haidian Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100805, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, No. 52, Haidian Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100805, China
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- Division of Biomedical Science, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tenno-dai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
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Funato T, Hattori N, Yozu A, An Q, Oya T, Shirafuji S, Jino A, Miura K, Martino G, Berger D, Miyai I, Ota J, Ivanenko Y, d’Avella A, Seki K. Muscle synergy analysis yields an efficient and physiologically relevant method of assessing stroke. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac200. [PMID: 35974798 PMCID: PMC9374474 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fugl-Meyer Assessment is widely used to test motor function in stroke survivors. In the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, stroke survivors perform several movement tasks and clinicians subjectively rate the performance of each task item. The individual task items in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment are selected on the basis of clinical experience, and their physiological relevance has not yet been evaluated. In the present study, we aimed to objectively rate the performance of task items by measuring the muscle activity of 41 muscles from the upper body while stroke survivors and healthy participants performed 37 Fugl-Meyer Assessment upper extremity task items. We used muscle synergy analysis to compare muscle activity between subjects and found that 13 muscle synergies in the healthy participants (which we defined as standard synergies) were able to reconstruct all of the muscle activity in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment. Among the standard synergies, synergies involving the upper arms, forearms and fingers were activated to varying degrees during different task items. In contrast, synergies involving posterior trunk muscles were activated during all tasks, which suggests the importance of posterior trunk muscle synergies throughout all sequences. Furthermore, we noted the inactivation of posterior trunk muscle synergies in stroke survivors with severe but not mild impairments, suggesting that lower trunk stability and the underlying activity of posterior trunk muscle synergies may have a strong influence on stroke severity and recovery. By comparing the synergies of stroke survivors with standard synergies, we also revealed that some synergies in stroke survivors corresponded to merged standard synergies; the merging rate increased with the impairment of stroke survivors. Moreover, the degrees of severity-dependent changes in the merging rate (the merging rate–severity relationship) were different among different task items. This relationship was significant for 26 task items only and not for the other 11 task items. Because muscle synergy analysis evaluates coordinated muscle activities, this different dependency suggests that these 26 task items are appropriate for evaluating muscle coordination and the extent of its impairment in stroke survivors. Overall, we conclude that the Fugl-Meyer Assessment reflects physiological function and muscle coordination impairment and suggest that it could be performed using a subset of the 37 task items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Funato
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems, The University of Electro-communications , Tokyo 182-8585 , Japan
| | - Noriaki Hattori
- Neurorehabilitation Research Institute, Morinomiya Hospital , Osaka 536-0025 , Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, University of Toyama , Toyama 930-0194 , Japan
| | - Arito Yozu
- Center for Medical Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences , Ibaraki 300-0394 , Japan
- Department of Precision Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Qi An
- Department of Precision Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
- Department of Advanced Information Technology, Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Tomomichi Oya
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry , Tokyo 187-8502 , Japan
| | - Shouhei Shirafuji
- Research into Artifacts, Center for Engineering (RACE), School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Akihiro Jino
- Department of Rehabilitation, Morinomiya Hospital , Osaka 536-0025 , Japan
| | - Kyoichi Miura
- Department of Rehabilitation, Morinomiya Hospital , Osaka 536-0025 , Japan
| | - Giovanni Martino
- Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia , Rome 00179 , Italy
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, GA 30322 , USA
| | - Denise Berger
- Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia , Rome 00179 , Italy
| | - Ichiro Miyai
- Neurorehabilitation Research Institute, Morinomiya Hospital , Osaka 536-0025 , Japan
| | - Jun Ota
- Research into Artifacts, Center for Engineering (RACE), School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Yury Ivanenko
- Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia , Rome 00179 , Italy
| | - Andrea d’Avella
- Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia , Rome 00179 , Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina , Messina 98122 , Italy
| | - Kazuhiko Seki
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry , Tokyo 187-8502 , Japan
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6
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Oya T, Takei T, Seki K. Distinct sensorimotor feedback loops for dynamic and static control of primate precision grip. Commun Biol 2020; 3:156. [PMID: 32242085 PMCID: PMC7118171 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0861-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Volitional limb motor control involves dynamic and static muscle actions. It remains elusive how such distinct actions are controlled through separated or shared neural circuits. Here we explored the potential separation for dynamic and static controls in primate hand actions, by investigating the neuronal coherence between local field potentials (LFPs) of the spinal cord and the forelimb electromyographic activity (EMGs), and LFPs of the motor cortex and the EMGs during the performance of a precision grip in macaque monkeys. We observed the emergence of beta-range coherence with EMGs at spinal cord and motor cortex in the separated phases; spinal coherence during the grip phase and cortical coherence during the hold phase. Further, both of the coherences were influenced by bidirectional interactions with reasonable latencies as beta oscillatory cycles. These results indicate that dedicated feedback circuits comprising spinal and cortical structures underlie dynamic and static controls of dexterous hand actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomichi Oya
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Developmental Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Science, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Takei
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Developmental Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Science, Aichi, Japan.,Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine/The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Seki
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Developmental Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Science, Aichi, Japan.
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7
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Yamada H, Yaguchi H, Tomatsu S, Takei T, Oya T, Seki K. Representation of Afferent Signals from Forearm Muscle and Cutaneous Nerves in the Primary Somatosensory Cortex of the Macaque Monkey. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163948. [PMID: 27701434 PMCID: PMC5049845 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Proprioception is one's overall sense of the relative positions and movements of the various parts of one's body. The primary somatosensory cortex (SI) is involved in generating the proprioception by receiving peripheral sensory inputs from both cutaneous and muscle afferents. In particular, area 3a receives input from muscle afferents and areas 3b and 1 from cutaneous afferents. However, segregation of two sensory inputs to these cortical areas has not been evaluated quantitatively because of methodological difficulties in distinguishing the incoming signals. To overcome this, we applied electrical stimulation separately to two forearm nerves innervating muscle (deep radial nerve) and skin (superficial radial nerve), and examined the spatiotemporal distribution of sensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in SI of anaesthetized macaques. The SEPs arising from the deep radial nerve were observed exclusively at the bottom of central sulcus (CS), which was identified as area 3a using histological reconstruction. In contrast, SEPs evoked by stimulation of the superficial radial nerve were observed in the superficial part of SI, identified as areas 3b and 1. In addition to these earlier, larger potentials, we also found small and slightly delayed SEPs evoked by cutaneous nerve stimulation in area 3a. Coexistence of the SEPs from both deep and superficial radial nerves suggests that area 3a could integrate muscle and cutaneous signals to shape proprioception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yamada
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
- Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Yaguchi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Saeka Tomatsu
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Takei
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Tomomichi Oya
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Seki
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
- * E-mail:
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8
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Hirashima M, Oya T. How does the brain solve muscle redundancy? Filling the gap between optimization and muscle synergy hypotheses. Neurosci Res 2015; 104:80-7. [PMID: 26724372 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The question of how the central nervous system coordinates redundant muscles has been a long-standing problem in motor neuroscience. The optimization hypothesis posits that the brain can select the muscle activation pattern that minimizes the motor effort cost from among many solutions that satisfy the requirements of the task. On the other hand, the muscle-synergy hypothesis proposes that neurally established functional groupings of muscles alleviate the computational burden associated with motor control and learning. Although the two hypotheses are not mutually exclusive, the relationship between them has not been well analyzed. This is probably because both hypotheses are formulated mathematically without a clear concept of their neural implementation. Here, we introduce a biologically plausible hypothesis ("the forgetting hypothesis") for how optimization is realized by a population of neurons. We further demonstrate that low-dimensional structure can be detected in an optimal network even if no muscle-synergies are explicitly assumed. Finally, we briefly discuss an inherent difficulty in testing the muscle-synergy hypothesis, which arises when population level optimization is assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Hirashima
- Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, and Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Tomomichi Oya
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi-Cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
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9
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Suzuki H, Usui I, Kato I, Oya T, Kanatani Y, Yamazaki Y, Fujisaka S, Senda S, Ishii Y, Urakaze M, Mahmood A, Takasawa S, Okamoto H, Kobayashi M, Tobe K, Sasahara M. Deletion of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β improves diabetic nephropathy in Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (Thr286Asp) transgenic mice. Diabetologia 2011; 54:2953-62. [PMID: 21833587 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The activation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β) signalling is increased in the glomeruli and tubules of diabetic animals. In this study, we examined the role of PDGFR-β signalling during the development of diabetic nephropathy. METHODS We recently generated pancreatic beta cell-specific Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (Thr286Asp) transgenic mice (CaMKIIα mice), which show very high plasma glucose levels up to 55.5 mmol/l and exhibit the features of diabetic nephropathy. These mice were crossed with conditional knockout mice in which Pdgfr-β (also known as Pdgfrb) was deleted postnatally. The effect of the deletion of the Pdgfr-β gene on diabetic nephropathy in CaMKIIα mice was evaluated at 10 and 16 weeks of age. RESULTS The plasma glucose concentrations and HbA(1c) levels were elevated in the CaMKIIα mice from 4 weeks of age. Variables indicative of diabetic nephropathy, such as an increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, kidney weight/body weight ratio and mesangial area/glomerular area ratio, were observed at 16 weeks of age. The postnatal deletion of the Pdgfr-β gene significantly decreased the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and mesangial area/glomerular area ratio without affecting the plasma glucose concentration. Furthermore, the increased oxidative stress in the kidneys of the CaMKIIα mice as shown by the increased urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) excretion and the increased expression of NAD(P)H oxidase 4 (NOX4), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was decreased by Pdgfr-β gene deletion. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The activation of PDGFR-β signalling contributes to the progress of diabetic nephropathy, with an increase in oxidative stress and mesangial expansion in CaMKIIα mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Suzuki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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10
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Nakagawa T, Izumino K, Ishii Y, Oya T, Hamashima T, Jie S, Ishizawa S, Tomoda F, Fujimori T, Nabeshima YI, Inoue H, Sasahara M. Roles of PDGF receptor-beta in the structure and function of postnatal kidney glomerulus. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2010; 26:458-68. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfq468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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11
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Oya T, Riek S, Cresswell AG. Recruitment and rate coding organisation for soleus motor units across entire range of voluntary isometric plantar flexions. J Physiol 2009; 587:4737-48. [PMID: 19703968 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.175695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike upper limb muscles, it remains undocumented as to how motor units in the soleus muscle are organised in terms of recruitment range and discharge rates with respect to their recruitment and de-recruitment thresholds. The possible influence of neuromodulation, such as persistent inward currents (PICs) on lower limb motor unit recruitment and discharge rates has also yet to be reported. To address these issues, electromyographic (EMG) activities from the soleus muscle were recorded using selective branched-wire intramuscular electrodes during ramp-and-hold contractions with intensities up to maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). The multiple single motor unit activities were then derived using a decomposition technique. The onset-offset hysteresis of motor unit discharge, i.e. a difference between recruitment and de-recruitment thresholds, as well as PIC magnitude calculated by a paired motor unit analysis were used to examine the neuromodulatory effects on discharge behaviours, such as minimum firing rate, peak firing rate and degree of increase in firing rate. Forty-two clearly identified motor units from five subjects revealed that soleus motor units are recruited progressively from rest to contraction strengths close to 95% of MVC, with low-threshold motor units discharging action potentials slower at their recruitment and with a lower peak rate than later recruited high-threshold units. This observation is in contrast to the 'onion skin phenomenon' often reported for the upper limb muscles. Based on positive correlations of the peak discharge rates, initial rates and recruitment order of the units with the magnitude of the onset-offset hysteresis and not PIC contribution, we conclude that discharge behaviours among motor units appear to be related to a variation in an intrinsic property other than PICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomichi Oya
- University of Queensland, School of Human Movement Studies, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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12
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Hoffman BW, Oya T, Carroll TJ, Cresswell AG. Increases in corticospinal responsiveness during a sustained submaximal plantar flexion. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2009; 107:112-20. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.91541.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the responsiveness of specific central nervous system pathways to electrical or magnetic stimulation can provide important information regarding fatigue processes in the central nervous system. We investigated the changes in corticospinal responsiveness during a sustained submaximal contraction of the triceps surae. Comparisons were made between the size of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by motor cortical stimulation and cervicomedullary motor-evoked potentials (CMEPs) elicited by magnetic stimulation of the descending tracts to determine the site of any change in corticospinal responsiveness. Participants maintained an isometric contraction of triceps surae at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) for as long as possible on two occasions. Stimulation was applied to the motor cortex or the cervicomedullary junction at 1-min intervals during contraction until task failure. Peripheral nerve stimulation was also applied to evoke maximal M waves (Mmax) and a superimposed twitch. Additionally, MEPs and CMEPs were evoked during brief contractions at 80%, 90%, and 100% of MVC as a nonfatigue control. During the sustained contractions, MEP amplitude increased significantly in soleus (113%) and medial gastrocnemius (108%) muscles and, at task failure, matched MEP amplitude in the prefatigue MVC (∼20–25% Mmax). In contrast, CMEP amplitude increased significantly in medial gastrocnemius (51%), but not in soleus (63%) muscle and, at task failure, was significantly smaller than during prefatigue MVC (5–6% Mmax vs. 11–13% Mmax). The data indicate that cortical processes contribute substantially to the increase in corticospinal responsiveness during sustained submaximal contraction of triceps surae.
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13
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Oya T, Hoffman BW, Cresswell AG. Corticospinal-evoked responses in lower limb muscles during voluntary contractions at varying strengths. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2008; 105:1527-32. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.90586.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated corticospinal-evoked responses in lower limb muscles during voluntary contractions at varying strengths. Similar investigations have been made on upper limb muscles, where evoked responses have been shown to increase up to ∼50% of maximal force and then decline. We elicited motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) and cervicomedullary motor-evoked potentials (CMEPs) in the soleus (Sol) and medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles using magnetic stimulation over the motor cortex and cervicomedullary junction during voluntary plantar flexions with the torque ranging from 0 to 100% of a maximal voluntary contraction. Differences between the MEP and CMEP were also investigated to assess whether any changes were occurring at the cortical or spinal levels. In both Sol and MG, MEP and CMEP amplitudes [normalized to maximal M wave (Mmax)] showed an increase, followed by a plateau, over the greater part of the contraction range with responses increasing from ∼0.2 to ∼6% of Mmax for Sol and from ∼0.3 to ∼10% of Mmax for MG. Because both MEPs and CMEPs changed in a similar manner, the observed increase and lack of decrease at high force levels are likely related to underlying changes occurring at the spinal level. The evoked responses in the Sol and MG increase over a greater range of contraction strengths than for upper limb muscles, probably due to differences in the pattern of motor unit recruitment and rate coding for these muscles and the strength of the corticospinal input.
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14
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Oya T, Cresswell AG. Evidence for reduced efficacy of the Ia-pathway during shortening plantar flexions with increasing effort. Exp Brain Res 2007; 185:699-707. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-007-1198-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2007] [Accepted: 10/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Tsuda M, Ichiki K, Doki Y, Usuda K, Misaki T, Shimizu M, Oya T. [Mediastinal lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer occurring 15 years after the initial operation; report of a case]. Kyobu Geka 2006; 59:487-90. [PMID: 16780070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A 71-year-old woman was found to have an abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray. Fifteen years earlier she had undergone a subtotal thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer without any lymph node metastasis. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a mediastinal tumor with full of blood stream. Since the positron emission tomography (PET) disclosed an increased uptake of fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) in the tumor, a malignant lymphatic tumor was therefore suspected. An immunohistological examination of biopsy specimens taken by thoracoscopic procedure demonstrated tumor to be lymph node metastasis of the previous thyroid cancer. After a tumor resection by means of a thoracotomy and total thyroidectomy, the patient was scheduled to receive radioiodine therapy. The previously reported cases are also herein reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tsuda
- Department of Surgery I, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Tsuno H, Kawamura M, Oya T. Application of biological activated carbon anaerobic reactor for treatment of hazardous chemicals. Water Sci Technol 2006; 53:251-60. [PMID: 16862797 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2006.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
An expanded-bed anaerobic reactor with granular activated carbon (GAC) medium has been developed to treat wastewaters that contain a high concentration of inhibitory and/or refractory organic compounds as well as readily degradable organic compounds. The process is characterised by a combination of two removal mechanisms; adsorption on GAC and biological degradation by microorganisms grown on GAC. Applicability of the reactor to treatment of phenol, chloroacetaldehyde (CAA), pentachlorophenol (PCP) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) was discussed based on experimental data. All chemicals focused on here were removed well and stably at a removal efficiency of more than 98% even during starting operation and shock load operation. Chemicals in influent that exceeded biological degradation capacity was initially adsorbed on GAC and then gradually degraded, and hence the adsorptive capacity of GAC was regenerated biologically. These results proved that a biological activated carbon anaerobic reactor was effective for treatment of wastewater containing hazardous chemicals, especially for strongly absorbable chemicals, as well as readily degradable organic compounds at high concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tsuno
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto Univ, Japan.
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Kimura T, Hamada T, Watanabe T, Maeda A, Oya T, Moritani T. Mechanomyographic responses in human biceps brachii and soleus during sustained isometric contraction. Eur J Appl Physiol 2004; 92:533-9. [PMID: 15168127 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-004-1147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the responses of the mechanomyogram (MMG) from two apparently different muscles (biceps brachii and soleus) during a sustained voluntary contraction at 50% maximum voluntary contraction. The MMG and surface electromyogram (EMG) were recorded from human biceps brachii and soleus during sustained elbow flexion and plantar flexion, respectively. Results indicated that the slope coefficient of rise in EMG amplitude as a function of time for the biceps was significantly greater than that for the soleus ( P<0.001). On the contrary, the MMG amplitude of the biceps showed a significant increase during the initial phase of sustained contraction ( P<0.05); however, when exhaustion was approached the amplitude declined significantly ( P<0.05). In the soleus muscle the decrease in MMG amplitude toward exhaustion occurred to a much lesser extent than that observed in the biceps. This difference could be attributed to the nature of the fusion state of the underlying muscle fibers. That is, the great extent of fusion observed in the biceps may be as a result of a greater quantity of fatigable motor units. In addition, the absence of MMG reduction in the soleus would indicate the absence of fatigue-induced slowing of contractile machinery and/or the lack of full activation (tetanus) of muscle fibers even at the exhaustion phase of plantar flexion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Kimura
- Laboratory of Applied Physiology, The Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Sakyo-ku, 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan
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18
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Sogabe O, Oya T, Tokumo M, Yoshida O, Nishizawa H. [The ischemic mitral valve regurgitation due to acute coronary thromboembolism; report of a case]. Kyobu Geka 2004; 57:211-3. [PMID: 15035076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
A 71-year-old man with congestive heart failure due to acute myocardial infarction was referred to our hospital. He was under the support of mechanical ventilation and the intraaortic balloon pumping (IABP) and coronary angiogram revealed the thromboembolism of the obtuse marginal artery. We completed the revascularization by the direct percutaneous coronary intervention. However, grade II mitral valve regurgitation and heart failure were worsening. Mitral valvuloplasty and the modified maze procedure through the partial lower sternotomy were performed. He is still in good condition 4 years later. Ischemic mitral valve regurgitation due to the coronary thromboembolism is very rare. Careful follow-up on the grade of ischemic mitral valve regurgitation is necessary even after the early coronary recanalization. The surgical approach of the partial sternotomy should be used in such a case of acute mitral valve regurgitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Sogabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mitoyo General Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
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Sasahara M, Ohno M, Tuzuki T, Ishii Y, Oya T, Takagawa K, Tanaka N, Takeuchi Y. 1P-0203 The hyper-excitability of the neonatal brain may be partly regulated by PDGF. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(03)90274-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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20
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Kawaguchi M, Miura Y, Ido A, Morinaga T, Sakata N, Oya T, Hashimoto-Tamaoki T, Sasahara M, Koizumi F, Tamaoki T. DNA/RNA-dependent ATPase activity is associated with ATBF1, a multiple homeodomain-zinc finger protein. Biochim Biophys Acta 2001; 1550:164-74. [PMID: 11755205 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4838(01)00284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The AT motif-binding factor 1 (ATBF1)-A is a large transcription factor containing four homeodomains and 23 zinc finger motifs. It has a number of motifs involved in transcriptional regulation, and in addition, several motifs found in enzymes, such as ATPases and helicases. In this study, we examined whether ATPase activity is associated with the ATBF1-A molecule. A 263-amino acid segment of the ATBF1-A molecule, termed AHZ, which contains the ATPase A-motif, homeodomain IV and zinc finger 21, was expressed in Escherichia coli in the form of glutathione S-transferase fusion protein and analyzed for ATPase activity. We found that AHZ was able to hydrolyze ATP with K(m) 10.6 microM and K(cat) 0.055 min(-1) at 5 mM Mg(2+) and pH 7.75. AHZ retained bacterial DNA and removal of the DNA resulted in 70% decrease in ATPase activity. The addition of double- or single-stranded DNAs restored 70-75% ATPase activity and that of RNA restored 50-55% activity. Site-directed mutagenesis of the A-motif resulted in 34% reduction of ATPase activity with no significant loss of bound DNA. In contrast, mutation of homeodomain IV and zinc finger 21 resulted in 90 and 80% reduction of ATPase, respectively, with the loss of the ability to bind to DNA and RNA. These results show that ATBF1 has at least one enzyme activity in addition to regulation of DNA transcription. The ATPase activity associated with ATBF1-A is DNA/RNA-dependent and unique in that it requires both homeodomain and zinc finger motifs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kawaguchi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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Ishizawa N, Suda K, Etschmann BE, Oya T, Kodama N. Monoclinic superstructure of SrMgF4 with perovskite-type slabs. Acta Crystallogr C 2001; 57:784-6. [PMID: 11443239 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270101006667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2001] [Accepted: 04/20/2001] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystals of Ce-doped SrMgF4, strontium magnesium tetrafluoride, have been found to have a monoclinic P2(1) structure with doubled a and tripled c cell lengths compared with the orthorhombic Cmcm structure previously reported in the literature. The perovskite-type slabs, composed of corner-sharing MgF6 octahedra and Sr atoms, are stacked along the b axis. The six crystallographically independent MgF6 octahedra are rotated so as to provide long periodicities along a and c. The coordination numbers and bond distances around the six crystallographically independent Sr atoms are slightly different in each case. In the superstructure, the Sr atoms lie on local mirror planes which are thought to originate at the high-temperature phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ishizawa
- Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama 226, Japan.
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Enoki T, Tanaka K, Watanabe T, Oya T, Sakiyama T, Takeoka Y, Ito K, Wang G, Annaka M, Hara K, Du R, Chuang J, Wasserman K, Masamune S, Tanaka T. Frustrations in polymer conformation in gels and their minimization through molecular imprinting. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 85:5000-5003. [PMID: 11102171 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.5000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental realization of a gel system in which frustrations exist and can be minimized, thus meeting two crucial criteria predicted to enable memory of conformations in polymers. The gels consist of a thermosensitive major monomer component and two minor components. One minor component is positively charged and will form complexes around negatively charged target molecules placed in solution. The complexes can be imprinted into the gel by then cross-linking the second minor component, which will form cross-links additional to those in the major polymer matrix. The complexes are destroyed and reformed upon swelling and reshrinking of the gels, showing that memorization has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Enoki
- Department of Physics and Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Abstract
We report development of a polymer gel with a catalytic activity that can be switched on and off when the solvent composition is changed. The gel consists of two species of monomers. The major component, N-isopropylacrylamide, makes the gel swell and shrink in response to a change in composition of ethanol/water mixtures. The minor component, vinylimidazole, which is capable of catalysis, is copolymerized into the gel network. The reaction rate for catalytic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl caprylate was small when the gel was swollen. In contrast, when the gel was shrunken, the reaction rate increased 5 times. The activity changes discontinuously as a function of solvent composition, thus the catalysis can be switched on and off by an infinitesimal change in solvent composition. The kinetics of catalysis by the gel in the shrunken state is well described by the Michaelis-Menten formula, indicating that the absorption of the substrate by the hydrophobic environment created by the N-isopropylacrylamide polymer in the shrunken gel is responsible for enhancement of catalytic activity. In the swollen state, the rate vs. active site concentration is linear, indicating that the substrate absorption is not a primary factor determining the kinetics. Catalytic activity of the gel is studied for substrates with various alkyl chain lengths; of those studied the switching effect is most pronounced for p-nitrophenyl caprylate.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wang
- Department of Physics and Center for Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Oya T, Enoki T, Grosberg AY, Masamune S, Sakiyama T, Takeoka Y, Tanaka K, Wang G, Yilmaz Y, Feld MS, Dasari R, Tanaka T. Reversible molecular adsorption based on multiple-point interaction by shrinkable gels. Science 1999; 286:1543-5. [PMID: 10567256 DOI: 10.1126/science.286.5444.1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
A general approach is presented for creating polymer gels that can recognize and capture a target molecule by multiple-point interaction and that can reversibly change their affinity to the target by more than one order of magnitude. The polymers consist of majority monomers that make the gel reversibly swell and shrink and minority monomers that constitute multiple-point adsorption centers for the target molecule. Multiple-point interaction is experimentally proven by power laws found between the affinity and the concentration of the adsorbing monomers within the gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Oya
- Department of Physics and Center for Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, George R. Harrison Spectroscopy Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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25
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Oya T, Hattori N, Mizuno Y, Miyata S, Maeda S, Osawa T, Uchida K. Methylglyoxal modification of protein. Chemical and immunochemical characterization of methylglyoxal-arginine adducts. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:18492-502. [PMID: 10373458 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.26.18492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG), an endogenous metabolite that increases in diabetes and is a common intermediate in the Maillard reaction (glycation), reacts with proteins and forms advanced glycation end products. In the present study, we identify a novel MG-arginine adduct and also characterize the structure of a major fluorescent adduct. In addition, we describe the immunochemical study on the MG-arginine adducts using monoclonal antibody directed to MG-modified protein. Upon incubation of Nalpha-acetyl-L-arginine with MG at 37 degrees C, two nonfluorescent products and one fluorescent product were detected as the major products. The nonfluorescent products were identified as the Ndelta-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-L-ornithine derivatives (5-hydro-5-methylimidazolone) and a novel MG-arginine adduct having a tetrahydropyrimidine moiety (Ndelta-(4-carboxy-4,6-dimethyl-5, 6-dihydroxy-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-2-yl)-L-ornithine). On the basis of the following chemical and spectroscopic evidence, the major fluorescent product, putatively identified as Ndelta-(5-methylimidazolon-2-yl)-L-ornithine (5-methylimidazolone), was found to be identical to Ndelta-(5-hydroxy-4, 6-dimethylpyrimidine-2-yl)-L-ornithine (argpyrimidine): (i) the low and high resolution fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry gave a molecular ion peak at m/z of 297 (M+H) and a molecular formula of C10H25O6N4, respectively, which coincided with argpyrimidine; (ii) the 1H NMR spectrum of this product in d6-Me2SO showed a singlet at 2.10 ppm corresponding to six protons; (iii) the peak corresponding to the 5-methylimidazolone derivative was not detected by the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with the mode of selected ion monitoring; (iv) incubation of 5-hydro-5-methylimidazolone, a putative precursor of 5-methylimidazolone, at 37 degrees C for 14 days scarcely generated 5-methylimidazolone. On the other hand, as an immunochemical approach to the detection of these MG adducts, we raised the monoclonal antibodies (mAb3C and mAb6B) directed to the MG-modified protein and found that they specifically recognized the major fluorescent product, argpyrimidine, as the dominant epitope. The immunohistochemical analysis of the kidneys from diabetic patients revealed the localization of argpyrimidine in intima and media of small artery walls. Furthermore, the accumulation of argpyrimidine was also observed in some arterial walls of the rat brain after middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion. These results suggest that argpyrimidine may contribute to the progression of not only long term diabetic complications, such as nephropathy and atherosclerosis, but also the tissue injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Oya
- Laboratory of Food and Biodynamics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya 464-8601, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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26
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Oya T, Kumon H, Kobayashi H, Akiba M, Hosokawa T, Kakimoto N, Nakamura K, Morimitsu Y, Osawa T. A novel biomarker for hyperglycemia, MRX isolated from hydrolysate of glycated proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 246:267-71. [PMID: 9600104 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Long-lived proteins can undergo non-enzymatic glycation to form highly crosslinked structures with characteristic fluorescence during aging and diabetes processes. In this paper, a typical fluorophore, named Maillard reaction product X (MRX), was isolated from the hydrolysate of glycated proteins. MRX could be formed by incubation of bovine serum albumin with glucose, followed by acid hydrolysis. The structure of MRX was determined to be 8-hydroxy-5-methyldihydrothiazolo[3,2-alpha] pyridinium-3-carboxylate. MRX was also found to be formed by the incubation of cysteine and arginine with glucose, followed by hydrolysis. We found the formation of MRX in the recently developed genetically diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats and compared them with that in the control Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats. Significantly higher levels of MRX were observed from the serum (p < 0.005) and urinary protein (p < 0.001) of OLETF rats in comparison with those of LETO rats. MRX must be a potential candidate as a biomarker for hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Oya
- Laboratory of Food and Biodynamics, Nagoya University School of Agricultural Sciences, Japan
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27
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Uchida K, Khor OT, Oya T, Osawa T, Yasuda Y, Miyata T. Protein modification by a Maillard reaction intermediate methylglyoxal. Immunochemical detection of fluorescent 5-methylimidazolone derivatives in vivo. FEBS Lett 1997; 410:313-8. [PMID: 9237653 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00610-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG), an endogenous metabolite that increases in diabetes, is a common intermediate in nonenzymatic glycation (Maillard reaction) in vivo. Here we describe the immunochemical approach to the detection of MG adducts in proteins in vitro and in atherosclerotic lesions of human aorta in vivo. The reaction of protein (bovine serum albumin) with MG led to selective loss of arginine and lysine residues, accompanied by the formation of 5-methylimidazolone (N delta-(5-methylimidazolon-2-yl)ornithine) and imidazolysine (1,3-di-lysino-4-methylimidazole) derivatives, respectively. The anti-5-methylimidazolone antibody was prepared by immunizing rabbits with a MG-keyhole limpet hemocyanin conjugate and purifying the serum on an affinity gel prepared by covalent attachment of the 5-methylimidazolone derivative. The antibody cross-reacted with the proteins treated with not only MG but trioses, such as hydroxyacetone, dihydroxyacetone, and glyceraldehyde. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed that atherosclerotic lesions of human aorta contained 5-methylimidazolone derivatives whose distributions were identical to those of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) detected by the anti-AGE antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Uchida
- Laboratory of Food and Biodynamics, Nagoya University School of Agricultural Sciences, Japan.
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28
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Abstract
Many antioxidants have been found in spices and herbs, and some of them are well known as strong scavengers of active oxygen radicals. We have isolated active products, which markedly inhibited the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA from 2-deoxyribose and the hydroxylation of benzoate with the hydroxyl radical, from methanol extracts of allspice and clove. Pimentol from allspice, and biflorin and its isomer, abbreviated as clove3, from clove were identified as the active principles. These revealed strong activity as hydroxyl radical scavengers at a concentration of 2.0 microM. The antioxidative activities in an in vitro model system involving the rabbit erythrocyte membrane ghost were as strong as those of alpha-tocopherol at 200 microM. Such advanced glycation end products (AGE) as pentosidine are biomarkers of diabetes mellitus, and active oxygens have been suggested to be involved in the formation of AGE. The above-mentioned free radical scavengers effectively inhibited the formation of pentosidine in a model system of N alpha-t-butoxycarbonyl-fructoselysine and N alpha-t-butoxycarbonyl-arginine.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Oya
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Nagoya University, Japan
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29
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Ichikawa H, Takahashi T, Ogiwara H, Sakata K, Otaki A, Suzuki M, Oya T, Tomizawa N, Ishikawa S, Morishita Y. [Hypothermic management of brain dead dogs]. Nihon Kyobu Geka Gakkai Zasshi 1996; 44:755-9. [PMID: 8753082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
For preventing graft failure, the effects of hypothermic management of brain dead dogs was investigated. Forty-three brain dead dogs were divided into two groups according to the degree of esophageal temperature; a normothermic group (37.2 +/- 0.3 degree C, mean +/- SEM, n = 22), and a hypothermic group (31.8 +/- 0.3 degree C, n = 21) which was obtained by introducing ice slush in the peritoneal cavity. During the management of brain dead dogs, 1) heart rate, pressure product, and a total amount of catecholamine were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the hypothermic group than in the normothermic group, 2) mean blood pressure, the maximum rate of the rise of left ventricle (LVdp/dt) and cardiac output were not different between both groups, 3) lactate content in the coronary sinus, and O2-extraction rate of the heart tended to be lower in the hypothermic group than in the normothermic group. After transplantation, the recovery of cardiac function was better in the hypothermic group than in the normothermic group. Hypothermic management of brain dead dogs may safely decrease cardiac stress, and keep cardiac aerobic circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ichikawa
- Second Department of Surgery, Gunma University School of Medicine, Japan
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30
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Tajima H, Murakami R, Kawamata H, Goto S, Iida E, Aoyama T, Oya T, Kumazaki T, Takayama M, Nejima J. [Superselective local infusion therapy with tissue-plasminogen activator for acute massive pulmonary thromboembolism: preliminary clinical experience]. Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi 1995; 55:423-4. [PMID: 7617469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Three cases of acute massive pulmonary thromboembolism were treated with the superselective infusion of tissue-plasminogen activator. Superselective pulmonary angiography immediately after administration of tissue-plasminogen activator demonstrated angiographic improvement in all patients. No complications were encountered during or after the procedure. It is considered that superselective infusion of tissue-plasminogen activator can be an effective therapy for massive pulmonary thromboembolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tajima
- Department of Radiology, Nippon Medical School
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31
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Oya T, Obata H, Miyata K, Tsuru T, Miyauchi S. [Quantitative analyses of glycosaminoglycans in tear fluids in normal human eyes and eyes with corneal epithelial disorders]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 1995; 99:302-307. [PMID: 7732921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The existence and pathophysiological role of glycosaminoglycans in the tear fluid in humans was investigated using quantitative analyses of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate in the tear fluid. The subjects were 42 eyes of 31 normal controls, 9 eyes of 9 patients with superficial punctate keratitis (SPK), and 13 eyes of 13 patients with epithelial defect. After an instillation of 100 microliters saline solution in the conjunctival sac, as much tear fluid as possible was collected from the lower cul-de-sac. The glycosaminoglycans in the tears were then treated with chondroitinase ABC to make fractions of unsaturated disaccharides. The quantities of disaccharides were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Concentrations were expressed as nanomoles of unsaturated disaccharides per protein in the tears. The concentrations of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate in the normal controls were 0.07 +/- 0.12(n mol/mg protein) and 6.91 +/- 3.63 (n mol/mg protein), respectively. The mean concentration of hyaluronic acid was significantly higher in patients with epithelial erosion than in normal controls, whereas the mean concentration of chondroitin sulfate was significantly lower in patients with epithelial erosion than in normal controls. There was no significant difference in the concentration of glycosaminoglycans between the patients with SPK and normal controls. The results of our study suggest that glycosaminoglycans are synthesized and endogenously secreted into the tear fluids and, especially in the case of hyaluronic acid, may play an important role in corneal epithelial wound healing in patients with epithelial erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Oya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kantou Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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32
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Oya T, Obata H, Miyata K, Tsuru T, Sawa M, Miyauchi S. [Quantitative analysis of glycosaminoglycans in tear fluids during corneal epithelial wound healing in rabbits]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 1994; 98:1049-1055. [PMID: 7825495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We performed quantitative analyses of glycosaminoglycans in the tear fluids in a rabbit wound healing model. We ablated rabbit corneal epithelium with trephine and spatula, and sampled tear fluids before the epithelial ablation, and at 3, 24, 48, and 72 hours after it. After an instillation of 200 microliters saline solution in the conjunctival sac, as much tear fluid as possible was collected from the lower cul-del-sac. The glycosaminoglycans in the tears were then treated with chondoroitinase ABC to make fractions of disaccharides. The quantities of disaccharides were determined with high-performance liquid chromatography as weight per unit protein in the tears. The concentrations of delta Di-HA in the tear fluids at 3 and 24 hours were significantly higher than those before the treatment and returned to the initial value at 72 hours after making the epithelial wound. Among the disaccharides of chondroitin sulfate, delta Di-0S and delta Di-6S showed a significant increase at 3 hours after the treatment but delta Di-4S did not show any significant variation. The results suggest that the glycosaminoglycans in the rabbit tear fluids may play an important role in the corneal epithelial wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Oya
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Japan
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Sakata K, Kawashima Y, Ichikawa H, Oya T, Takahashi T, Morishita Y. Significance of initial cooling and coronary vascular washout for cardiac transplantation. Transplant Proc 1994; 26:2327-8. [PMID: 8066762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Sakata
- Second Department of Surgery, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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34
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Yoshihara S, Oya T, Furuya T, Goto N. Use of body fluid of adult female Ascaris suum as an antigen in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for diagnosis of swine ascariosis. J Helminthol 1993; 67:279-86. [PMID: 8132972 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x00013274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect Ascaris suum antibodies in swine sera with adult body fluid (ABF) as an antigen. The assay was standardized with respect to the antigen concentration and serum and conjugate dilutions. Cross reaction was found between the antigen and the sera from the swine infected with Metastrongylus apri. The ELISA was more sensitive than the complement fixation test. Five protein peaks were obtained from ABF by gel filtration on Sephacryle S-300. Fraction 1 was the most specific. A 105 kDa protein in the fraction reacted with swine IgG in the serum of infected animals in Western blot analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yoshihara
- Kyushu Branch Laboratory, National Institute of Animal Health, Kagoshima, Japan
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35
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Obata H, Horiuchi H, Sato Y, Sato T, Suzuki M, Urata K, Oya T, Ogasawara K, Miyata K, Eguchi S. [New membrane filter (PORETEC) method for ocular diagnostic cytopathology]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi 1993; 97:1179-84. [PMID: 8256670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We describe a new membrane filter (PORETEC) technique for processing cytopathologic fluid specimens. This procedure provides excellent cytologic preparations because there is no background staining and only a small amount of fluid specimen is necessary, as there is little cell loss. We compared the number of cells collected by the membrane filter technique with that collected by cytocentrifugation using conjunctival brush cytology specimens from 6 subjects. The number of cells obtained by the new method was significantly higher than that obtained by the cytocentrifugation technique. This method was very useful for ocular fluid specimens such as aqueous humor, vitreous specimens, and scrapings from the cornea and conjunctiva. We showed some examples of these specimens including immunocytochemical staining done by this method. We confirm that this is valuable for diagnostic cytopathologic study of various fluid specimens in ophthalmology.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Obata
- Department of Pathology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
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36
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Naruki Y, Urita Y, Ihara F, Matsuzaki H, Ishihara M, Iwasaki T, Kojima Y, Hirano M, Oya T, Otsuka S. [A case of mucinous cystadenoma in the tail of the pancreas accompanied with tubular adenocarcinoma in the head]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 1992; 89:2739-43. [PMID: 1460773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Naruki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine
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37
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Sasaki K, Tanaka S, Ikeshita M, Sugimoto T, Imura H, Shoji T, Takano T, Tanaka K, Kumazaki T, Oya T. [Management of type A acute aortic dissection--results of the cases with thrombosed false lumen]. Nihon Kyobu Geka Gakkai Zasshi 1992; 40:1668-74. [PMID: 1402183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
By reviewing the outcome, we studied the propriety of our principles for the treatment of type A acute aortic dissection in 45 patients, encountered during the 10-year period between 1981 and 1990. We conducted a comparative study of patients with a thrombosed false lumen (type T) and a patent false lumen (type P) to examine the effect of an acutely thrombosed false lumen on the prognosis of this disease. For the 25 patients treated in the first 6 years (1981-1986), operation was performed as soon as exact diagnosis was made, regardless of the presence of complications and the type or severity of the disease. Early death occurred in 9/20 operated cases and in 4/5 unoperated cases, so 13/25 patients died for a 52.0% mortality rate. For the 20 patients who received treatment in the latter period (1987-1990), we gave priority to conservative treatment for type T cases that were free from complications, and adopted a treatment method attaching greater importance to the resection of intimal tears. As a results, early deaths were observed in only 4 type P patients (20.0%) who underwent operation, a significant better result (p < 0.05). For patients in whom we were able to excise the intimal tear (30.0%, early mortality rate), the results were better than in those in whom the intimal tear were left alone (53.8%). The results were particularly good in type T patients (25.0% of them underwent intimal tear resection and 71.4% underwent no operation for the intimal tear).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sasaki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nihon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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38
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Abstract
At 35 weeks 6 days of gestational age, ultrasound evaluation of the fetal abdomen showed a mixed cystic mass in the superior pole of the left kidney. The mass was suspected to be an adrenal hemorrhage or neuroblastoma. The diagnosis was fetal neuroblastoma. Differential diagnosis enabled the fetal neuroblastoma to be distinguished from adrenal hemorrhage. The parameters of diagnosis of fetal neuroblastoma include no specific ultrasonographic pattern, lack of palpability, and no tumor markers. However, certain features do characterize fetal neuroblastoma, such as little metastases, complete resection at operation, and excellent prognosis. In cases of suspected neuroblastoma, a laparotomy performed as soon as possible is generally regarded as the best course of treatment. Nonetheless, biological analyses of the tumor may prove in the future to be necessary for determining whether or not laparotomy is the best treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hosoda
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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39
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Kanaya N, Tsuchiya T, Sanada H, Namura M, Oya T. [A case of anaphylactic shock with coronary vasospasm]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 1991; 80:1294-6. [PMID: 1919252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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40
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Tazuma S, Hatsushika S, Aihara N, Yamashita G, Sasaki H, Sagawa H, Mizuno S, Toge S, Sasaki M, Oya T. [Effects of a competitive inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase on cholesterol gallstone formation in prairie dogs]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 1991; 88:1623. [PMID: 1942621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Tazuma
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University School of Medicine
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41
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Katayama N, Oya T, Tajima H, Kumazaki T, Ebata K, Nuriya E, Yamakado S. [Successful treatment of traumatic hemobilia by repeat transarterial embolization--a case report]. Rinsho Hoshasen 1988; 33:401-4. [PMID: 3392835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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42
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Harada Y, Kawamata S, Suzuki M, Ito M, Oya T. Electronmicroscopic observation of the human facial nerve. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 1987; 446:145-51. [PMID: 3166581 DOI: 10.3109/00016488709121857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The facial nerves of Bell's palsy, Ramsay-Hunt's syndrome and traumatic facial palsy patients were studied using a transmission electron microscope. Changes were a proliferation of the collagen fibres, the degeneration of the Schwann cell, and a loosened or deteriorated myelin sheath. These changes differ considerably between individuals. Changes also vary in one subject. The cause and severity of the lesion, the duration of the palsy and the location of biopsy are possibly responsible for this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Harada
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan
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43
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Suzuki M, Sakai T, Hirakawa K, Oya T, Yajin K, Harada Y, Kanzaki J. Acoustic neuroma presenting with sudden and fluctuating hearing loss--a case report. Auris Nasus Larynx 1987; 14:165-70. [PMID: 3451735 DOI: 10.1016/s0385-8146(87)80017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A case of acoustic neuroma presenting with sudden and fluctuating hearing loss is reported. The patient was a 38-year-old Japanese woman who noticed a sudden onset of hearing loss and tinnitus in the right ear. With a provisional diagnosis of sudden deafness, she was subjected to conservative therapy, including steroid hormone. The hearing started to recover and reached a normal level 2 months after the treatment. Meanwhile, the results of an ABR and plain skull X-rays aroused a suspicion of acoustic neuroma. She was operated on via a middle cranial fossa approach and an acoustic neuroma occupying the internal auditory meatus was removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suzuki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hiroshima University, School of Medicine, Japan
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44
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Umehara M, Tajiri T, Tei J, Kim DY, Aoki N, Yamashita K, Onda M, Oya T, Tajima H, Honda K. [Evaluation of splenic artery embolization (SAE) in portal hypertension with esophageal varices--assessments from hemodynamic changes in the portal venous system and angiographic findings]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 1986; 83:1951-9. [PMID: 3795563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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45
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Oya T, Miyazawa M, Tsuge N, Fujioka S, Takamiya T. [Clinical studies of leftose tablets for dental infections and their prevention]. Shikai Tenbo 1984; 64:1227-37. [PMID: 6597619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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46
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Ariga N, Iri N, Tajima H, Oya T, Saito NR, Nishikawa H, Honda K, Shiiba S, Ebata K, Okayama N. [Two cases of hepatic portal venous gas]. Rinsho Hoshasen 1984; 29:307-10. [PMID: 6748266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Koide T, Kakihana M, Takabatake Y, Iizuka M, Uchida Y, Ozeki K, Morooka S, Kato A, Tanaka S, Oya T, Momomura S, Murao S. Long-term clinical effect of calcium inhibitors in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy compared to the effect of beta-blocking agents. A preliminary report with special reference to the beneficial effect of nifedipine on angina pectoris. Jpn Heart J 1981; 22:87-102. [PMID: 6111617 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.22.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Long-term clinical effects of beta-blockers (propranolol in most cases) and calcium inhibitors (nifedipine in most cases) were studied in 16 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. On overall subjective symptoms, beta-blockers were effective in 50% of symptomatic patients, while calcium inhibitors were effective in only 33%. On angina pectoris, however, calcium inhibitors were superior to beta-blockers in our patients. Blood pressure decreased with each drug, and the decrease was significant with nifedipine. Otherwise there was no change in physical findings with either drug. Long-term (more than 6 months) use of beta-blockers resulted in an increase in cardiothoracic ratio on chest X-ray, a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction on echocardiogram and more pronounced ST-T change on electrocardiogram. Prolonged use of nifedipine resulted in a slight decrease in cardiothoracic ratio, but no systematic change on echocardiogram and on electrocardiogram.
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Oya T. [Studies on the mechanism of hepatic dye uptake]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 1977; 74:720-31. [PMID: 561241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Iwadera S, Ueno N, Oya T, Okumoto Y. [Study on clothing for expectant mothers]. Josanpu Zasshi 1976; 30:415-9. [PMID: 1049257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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50
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Ogawa K, Nakazato S, Shiraishi S, Oya T, Fujioka Y. [A case of oral-facial-digital syndrome (author's transl)]. Nihon Koku Geka Gakkai Zasshi 1976; 22:354-62. [PMID: 147956 DOI: 10.5794/jjoms.22.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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