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Zhang T, Dolga AM, Eisel ULM, Schmidt M. Novel crosstalk mechanisms between GluA3 and Epac2 in synaptic plasticity and memory in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 191:106389. [PMID: 38142840 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease which accounts for the most cases of dementia worldwide. Impaired memory, including acquisition, consolidation, and retrieval, is one of the hallmarks in AD. At the cellular level, dysregulated synaptic plasticity partly due to reduced long-term potentiation (LTP) and enhanced long-term depression (LTD) underlies the memory deficits in AD. GluA3 containing α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) are one of key receptors involved in rapid neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Recent studies revealed a novel form of GluA3 involved in neuronal plasticity that is dependent on cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), rather than N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA). However, this cAMP-dependent GluA3 pathway is specifically and significantly impaired by amyloid beta (Aβ), a pathological marker of AD. cAMP is a key second messenger that plays an important role in modulating memory and synaptic plasticity. We previously reported that exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 2 (Epac2), acting as a main cAMP effector, plays a specific and time-limited role in memory retrieval. From electrophysiological perspective, Epac2 facilities the maintenance of LTP, a cellular event closely associated with memory retrieval. Additionally, Epac2 was found to be involved in the GluA3-mediated plasticity. In this review, we comprehensively summarize current knowledge regarding the specific roles of GluA3 and Epac2 in synaptic plasticity and memory, and their potential association with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, Netherlands
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, Netherlands
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Raffaele S, Thougaard E, Laursen CCH, Gao H, Andersen KM, Nielsen PV, Ortí-Casañ N, Blichfeldt-Eckhardt M, Koch S, Deb-Chatterji M, Magnus T, Stubbe J, Madsen K, Meyer M, Degn M, Eisel ULM, Wlodarczyk A, Fumagalli M, Clausen BH, Brambilla R, Lambertsen KL. Microglial TNFR2 signaling regulates the inflammatory response after CNS injury in a sex-specific fashion. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 116:269-285. [PMID: 38142915 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), play a major role in damage progression and tissue remodeling after acute CNS injury, including ischemic stroke (IS) and spinal cord injury (SCI). Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating microglial responses to injury may thus reveal novel therapeutic targets to promote CNS repair. Here, we investigated the role of microglial tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2), a transmembrane receptor previously associated with pro-survival and neuroprotective responses, in shaping the neuroinflammatory environment after CNS injury. By inducing experimental IS and SCI in Cx3cr1CreER:Tnfrsf1bfl/fl mice, selectively lacking TNFR2 in microglia, and corresponding Tnfrsf1bfl/fl littermate controls, we found that ablation of microglial TNFR2 significantly reduces lesion size and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, and favors infiltration of leukocytes after injury. Interestingly, these effects were paralleled by opposite sex-specific modifications of microglial reactivity, which was found to be limited in female TNFR2-ablated mice compared to controls, whereas it was enhanced in males. In addition, we show that TNFR2 protein levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of human subjects affected by IS and SCI, as well as healthy donors, significantly correlate with disease stage and severity, representing a valuable tool to monitor the inflammatory response after acute CNS injury. Hence, these results advance our understanding of the mechanisms regulating microglia reactivity after acute CNS injury, aiding the development of sex- and microglia-specific, personalized neuroregenerative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raffaele
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Estrid Thougaard
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Cathrine C H Laursen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; BRIDGE-Brain Research Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Han Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 510630 Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, 510630 Guangzhou, China
| | - Katrine M Andersen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Pernille V Nielsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Natalia Ortí-Casañ
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, Netherlands
| | - Morten Blichfeldt-Eckhardt
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Vejle Hospital, 7100 Vejle, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Simon Koch
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Milani Deb-Chatterji
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Magnus
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jane Stubbe
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Madsen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Morten Meyer
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; BRIDGE-Brain Research Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | | | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, Netherlands
| | - Agnieszka Wlodarczyk
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; BRIDGE-Brain Research Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Marta Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Bettina H Clausen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; BRIDGE-Brain Research Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Roberta Brambilla
- BRIDGE-Brain Research Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami FL, USA.
| | - Kate L Lambertsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; BRIDGE-Brain Research Inter Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.
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3
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Chen T, Majerníková N, Marmolejo-Garza A, Trombetta-Lima M, Sabogal-Guáqueta AM, Zhang Y, Ten Kate R, Zuidema M, Mulder PPMFA, den Dunnen W, Gosens R, Verpoorte E, Culmsee C, Eisel ULM, Dolga AM. Mitochondrial transplantation rescues neuronal cells from ferroptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:62-72. [PMID: 37536459 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of oxidative cell death that can occur in neurodegenerative diseases and involves damage to mitochondria. Previous studies demonstrated that preventing mitochondrial dysfunction can rescue cells from ferroptotic cell death. However, the complexity of mitochondrial dysfunction and the timing of therapeutic interventions make it difficult to develop an effective treatment strategy against ferroptosis in neurodegeneration conditions. In this study, we explored the use of mitochondrial transplantation as a novel therapeutic approach for preventing ferroptotic neuronal cell death. Our data showed that isolated exogenous mitochondria were incorporated into both healthy and ferroptotic immortalized hippocampal HT-22 cells and primary cortical neurons (PCN). The mitochondrial incorporation was accompanied by increased metabolic activity and cell survival through attenuating lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial superoxide production. Further, the function of mitochondrial complexes I, III and V activities contributed to the neuroprotective activity of exogenous mitochondria. Similarly, we have also showed the internalization of exogenous mitochondria in mouse PCN; these internalized mitochondria were found to effectively preserve the neuronal networks when challenged with ferroptotic stimuli. The administration of exogenous mitochondria into the axonal compartment of a two-compartment microfluidic device induced mitochondrial transportation to the cell body, which prevented fragmentation of the neuronal network in ferroptotic PCN. These findings suggest that mitochondria transplantation may be a promising therapeutic approach for protecting neuronal cells from ferroptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nad'a Majerníková
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Marmolejo-Garza
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marina Trombetta-Lima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Angélica María Sabogal-Guáqueta
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yuequ Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ruth Ten Kate
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Minte Zuidema
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Patty P M F A Mulder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wilfred den Dunnen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Verpoorte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Lanooij SD, Drinkenburg WHIM, Eisel ULM, van der Zee EA, Kas MJH. The effects of social environment on AD-related pathology in hAPP-J20 mice and tau-P301L mice. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 187:106309. [PMID: 37748620 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, social factors (e.g., loneliness) have been linked to the risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD). To date, AD pathology is primarily characterized by amyloid-β plaques and tau tangles. We aimed to assess the effect of single- and group-housing on AD-related pathology in a mouse model for amyloid pathology (J20, and WT controls) and a mouse model for tau pathology (P301L) with and without seeding of synthetic human tau fragments (K18). Female mice were either single housed (SH) or group housed (GH) from the age of 6-7 weeks onwards. In 12-week-old P301L mice, tau pathology was induced through seeding by injecting K18 into the dorsal hippocampus (P301LK18), while control mice received a PBS injection (P301LPBS). P301L mice were sacrificed at 4 months of age and J20 mice at 10 months of age. In all mice brain pathology was histologically assessed by examining microglia, the CA1 pyramidal cell layer and specific AD pathology: analysis of plaques in J20 mice and tau hyperphosphorylation in P301L mice. Contrary to our expectation, SH-J20 mice interestingly displayed fewer plaques in the hippocampus compared to GH-J20 mice. However, housing did not affect tau hyperphosphorylation at Ser202/Thr205 of P301L mice, nor neuronal cell death in the CA1 region in any of the mice. The number of microglia was increased by the J20 genotype, and their activation (based on cell body to cell size ratio) in the CA1 was affected by genotype and housing condition (interaction effect). Single housing of P301L mice was linked to the development of stereotypic behavior (i.e. somersaulting and circling behavior). In P301LK18 mice, an increased number of microglia were observed, among which were rod microglia. Taken together, our findings point to a significant effect of social housing conditions on amyloid plaques and microglia in J20 mice and on the development of stereotypic behavior in P301L mice, indicating that the social environment can modulate AD-related pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne D Lanooij
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - W H I M Drinkenburg
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research & Development, a Division on Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium.
| | - U L M Eisel
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - E A van der Zee
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Martien J H Kas
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Ortí-Casañ N, Boerema AS, Köpke K, Ebskamp A, Keijser J, Zhang Y, Chen T, Dolga AM, Broersen K, Fischer R, Pfizenmaier K, Kontermann RE, Eisel ULM. The TNFR1 antagonist Atrosimab reduces neuronal loss, glial activation and memory deficits in an acute mouse model of neurodegeneration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10622. [PMID: 37391534 PMCID: PMC10313728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and its key role in modulating immune responses has been widely recognized as a therapeutic target for inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Even though inhibition of TNF-α is beneficial for the treatment of certain inflammatory diseases, total neutralization of TNF-α largely failed in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. TNF-α exerts distinct functions depending on interaction with its two TNF receptors, whereby TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) is associated with neuroinflammation and apoptosis and TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) with neuroprotection and immune regulation. Here, we investigated the effect of administering the TNFR1-specific antagonist Atrosimab, as strategy to block TNFR1 signaling while maintaining TNFR2 signaling unaltered, in an acute mouse model for neurodegeneration. In this model, a NMDA-induced lesion that mimics various hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases, such as memory loss and cell death, was created in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis and Atrosimab or control protein was administered centrally. We showed that Atrosimab attenuated cognitive impairments and reduced neuroinflammation and neuronal cell death. Our results demonstrate that Atrosimab is effective in ameliorating disease symptoms in an acute neurodegenerative mouse model. Altogether, our study indicates that Atrosimab may be a promising candidate for the development of a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ortí-Casañ
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ate S Boerema
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Applied Research Center, Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Science, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Karina Köpke
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amber Ebskamp
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Keijser
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuequ Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kerensa Broersen
- Applied Stem Cell Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Roman Fischer
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Klaus Pfizenmaier
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roland E Kontermann
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Zhang T, Luu MDA, Dolga AM, Eisel ULM, Schmidt M. The old second messenger cAMP teams up with novel cell death mechanisms: potential translational therapeutical benefit for Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1207280. [PMID: 37405135 PMCID: PMC10315612 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1207280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) represent the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders severely impacting life expectancy and quality of life of millions of people worldwide. AD and PD exhibit both a very distinct pathophysiological disease pattern. Intriguingly, recent researches, however, implicate that overlapping mechanisms may underlie AD and PD. In AD and PD, novel cell death mechanisms, encompassing parthanatos, netosis, lysosome-dependent cell death, senescence and ferroptosis, apparently rely on the production of reactive oxygen species, and seem to be modulated by the well-known, "old" second messenger cAMP. Signaling of cAMP via PKA and Epac promotes parthanatos and induces lysosomal cell death, while signaling of cAMP via PKA inhibits netosis and cellular senescence. Additionally, PKA protects against ferroptosis, whereas Epac1 promotes ferroptosis. Here we review the most recent insights into the overlapping mechanisms between AD and PD, with a special focus on cAMP signaling and the pharmacology of cAMP signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Minh D. A. Luu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Amalia M. Dolga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L. M. Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Pegoretti V, Bauer J, Fischer R, Paro I, Douwenga W, Kontermann RE, Pfizenmaier K, Houben E, Broux B, Hellings N, Baron W, Laman JD, Eisel ULM. Sequential treatment with a TNFR2 agonist and a TNFR1 antagonist improves outcomes in a humanized mouse model for MS. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:106. [PMID: 37138340 PMCID: PMC10157968 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02785-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
TNF signaling is an essential regulator of cellular homeostasis. Through its two receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2, soluble versus membrane-bound TNF enable cell death or survival in a variety of cell types. TNF-TNFRs signaling orchestrates important biological functions such as inflammation, neuronal activity as well as tissue de- and regeneration. TNF-TNFRs signaling is a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but animal and clinical studies yielded conflicting findings. Here, we ask whether a sequential modulation of TNFR1 and TNFR2 signaling is beneficial in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an experimental mouse model that recapitulates inflammatory and demyelinating aspects of MS. To this end, human TNFR1 antagonist and TNFR2 agonist were administered peripherally at different stages of disease development in TNFR-humanized mice. We found that stimulating TNFR2 before onset of symptoms leads to improved response to anti-TNFR1 therapeutic treatment. This sequential treatment was more effective in decreasing paralysis symptoms and demyelination, when compared to single treatments. Interestingly, the frequency of the different immune cell subsets is unaffected by TNFR modulation. Nevertheless, treatment with only a TNFR1 antagonist increases T-cell infiltration in the central nervous system (CNS) and B-cell cuffing at the perivascular sites, whereas a TNFR2 agonist promotes Treg CNS accumulation. Our findings highlight the complicated nature of TNF signaling which requires a timely balance of selective activation and inhibition of TNFRs in order to exert therapeutic effects in the context of CNS autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pegoretti
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Science (GELIFES), University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Centre Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jan Bauer
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roman Fischer
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Centre Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iskra Paro
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Science (GELIFES), University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wanda Douwenga
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Science (GELIFES), University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Roland E Kontermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Centre Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Klaus Pfizenmaier
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Centre Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Evelien Houben
- Neuroimmune Connections and Repair (NIC&R) Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590, Hasselt, Belgium
- University MS Centre, 3590, Hasselt/Pelt, Belgium
| | - Bieke Broux
- Neuroimmune Connections and Repair (NIC&R) Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590, Hasselt, Belgium
- University MS Centre, 3590, Hasselt/Pelt, Belgium
| | - Niels Hellings
- Neuroimmune Connections and Repair (NIC&R) Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590, Hasselt, Belgium
- University MS Centre, 3590, Hasselt/Pelt, Belgium
| | - Wia Baron
- Department Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems (BSCS), Section Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jon D Laman
- Department Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Science (GELIFES), University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Lanooij SD, Eisel ULM, Drinkenburg WHIM, van der Zee EA, Kas MJH. Influencing cognitive performance via social interactions: a novel therapeutic approach for brain disorders based on neuroanatomical mapping? Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:28-33. [PMID: 35858991 PMCID: PMC9812764 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01698-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Many psychiatric and neurological disorders present deficits in both the social and cognitive domain. In this perspectives article, we provide an overview and the potential of the existence of an extensive neurobiological substrate underlying the close relationship between these two domains. By mapping the rodent brain regions involved in the social and/or cognitive domain, we show that the vast majority of brain regions involved in the cognitive domain are also involved in the social domain. The identified neuroanatomical overlap has an evolutionary basis, as complex social behavior requires cognitive skills, and aligns with the reported functional interactions of processes underlying cognitive and social performance. Based on the neuroanatomical mapping, recent (pre-)clinical findings, and the evolutionary perspective, we emphasize that the social domain requires more focus as an important treatment target and/or biomarker, especially considering the presently limited treatment strategies for these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne D. Lanooij
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L. M. Eisel
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wilhelmus H. I. M. Drinkenburg
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.419619.20000 0004 0623 0341Department of Neuroscience, Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Eddy A. van der Zee
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martien J. H. Kas
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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Lanooij SD, Eisel ULM, van der Zee EA, Kas MJH. Variation in Group Composition Alters an Early-Stage Social Phenotype in hAPP-Transgenic J20 Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 93:211-224. [PMID: 36970900 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered social behavior is one of the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that results in social withdrawal and loneliness and provides a major burden on patients and their relatives. Furthermore, loneliness is associated with an increased risk to develop AD and related dementias. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate if altered social behavior is an early indicator of amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology in J20 mice, and if co-housing with wild type (WT) mice can positively influence this social phenotype. METHODS The social phenotype of group-housed mice was assessed using an automated behavioral scoring system for longitudinal recordings. Female mice were housed in a same-genotype (4 J20 or WT mice per colony) or mixed-genotype (2 J20 mice + 2 WT mice) colony. At 10 weeks of age, their behavior was assessed for five consecutive days. RESULTS J20 mice showed increased locomotor activity and social sniffing, and reduced social contact compared to WT mice housed in same-genotype colonies. Mixed-genotype housing reduced the social sniffing duration of J20 mice, increased social contact frequency of J20 mice, and increased nest hide by WT mice. CONCLUSION Thus, altered social behavior can be used as an early indicator of Aβ-pathology in female J20 mice. Additionally, when co-housed with WT mice, their social sniffing phenotype is not expressed and their social contact phenotype is reduced. Our findings highlight the presence of a social phenotype in the early stages of AD and indicate a role for social environment variation in the expression of social behavior of WT and J20 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne D Lanooij
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eddy A van der Zee
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martien J H Kas
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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10
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Ortí-Casañ N, Zuhorn IS, Naudé PJW, De Deyn PP, van Schaik PEM, Wajant H, Eisel ULM. A TNF receptor 2 agonist ameliorates neuropathology and improves cognition in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201137119. [PMID: 36037389 PMCID: PMC9482428 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201137119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a pleiotropic, proinflammatory cytokine related to different neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the linkage between increased TNF-α levels and AD is widely recognized, TNF-α-neutralizing therapies have failed to treat AD. Previous research has associated this with the antithetic functions of the two TNF receptors, TNF receptor 1, associated with inflammation and apoptosis, and TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2), associated with neuroprotection. In our study, we investigated the effects of specifically stimulating TNFR2 with a TNFR2 agonist (NewStar2) in a transgenic Aβ-overexpressing mouse model of AD by administering NewStar2 in two different ways: centrally, via implantation of osmotic pumps, or systemically by intraperitoneal injections. We found that both centrally and systemically administered NewStar2 resulted in a drastic reduction in amyloid β deposition and β-secretase 1 expression levels. Moreover, activation of TNFR2 increased microglial and astrocytic activation and promoted the uptake and degradation of Aβ. Finally, cognitive functions were also improved after NewStar2 treatment. Our results demonstrate that activation of TNFR2 mitigates Aβ-induced cognitive deficits and neuropathology in an AD mouse model and indicates that TNFR2 stimulation might be a potential treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ortí-Casañ
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, Netherlands
| | - Inge S. Zuhorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, Netherlands
| | - Petrus J. W. Naudé
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, Netherlands
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, Netherlands
| | - Peter P. De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, Netherlands
| | - Pauline E. M. van Schaik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, Section Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9713 AV, Netherlands
| | - Harald Wajant
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Ulrich L. M. Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, Netherlands
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11
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Dekens DW, Eisel ULM, Gouweleeuw L, Schoemaker RG, De Deyn PP, Naudé PJW. Lipocalin 2 as a link between ageing, risk factor conditions and age-related brain diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 70:101414. [PMID: 34325073 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic (neuro)inflammation plays an important role in many age-related central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and vascular dementia. Inflammation also characterizes many conditions that form a risk factor for these CNS disorders, such as physical inactivity, obesity and cardiovascular disease. Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is an inflammatory protein shown to be involved in different age-related CNS diseases, as well as risk factor conditions thereof. Lcn2 expression is increased in the periphery and the brain in different age-related CNS diseases and also their risk factor conditions. Experimental studies indicate that Lcn2 contributes to various neuropathophysiological processes of age-related CNS diseases, including exacerbated neuroinflammation, cell death and iron dysregulation, which may negatively impact cognitive function. We hypothesize that increased Lcn2 levels as a result of age-related risk factor conditions may sensitize the brain and increase the risk to develop age-related CNS diseases. In this review we first provide a comprehensive overview of the known functions of Lcn2, and its effects in the CNS. Subsequently, this review explores Lcn2 as a potential (neuro)inflammatory link between different risk factor conditions and the development of age-related CNS disorders. Altogether, evidence convincingly indicates Lcn2 as a key constituent in ageing and age-related brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doortje W Dekens
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Leonie Gouweleeuw
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Regien G Schoemaker
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behaviour, Biobank, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Petrus J W Naudé
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health and Neuroscience Institute, Brain Behaviour Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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12
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Homberg JR, Adan RAH, Alenina N, Asiminas A, Bader M, Beckers T, Begg DP, Blokland A, Burger ME, van Dijk G, Eisel ULM, Elgersma Y, Englitz B, Fernandez-Ruiz A, Fitzsimons CP, van Dam AM, Gass P, Grandjean J, Havekes R, Henckens MJAG, Herden C, Hut RA, Jarrett W, Jeffrey K, Jezova D, Kalsbeek A, Kamermans M, Kas MJ, Kasri NN, Kiliaan AJ, Kolk SM, Korosi A, Korte SM, Kozicz T, Kushner SA, Leech K, Lesch KP, Lesscher H, Lucassen PJ, Luthi A, Ma L, Mallien AS, Meerlo P, Mejias JF, Meye FJ, Mitchell AS, Mul JD, Olcese U, González AO, Olivier JDA, Pasqualetti M, Pennartz CMA, Popik P, Prickaerts J, de la Prida LM, Ribeiro S, Roozendaal B, Rossato JI, Salari AA, Schoemaker RG, Smit AB, Vanderschuren LJMJ, Takeuchi T, van der Veen R, Smidt MP, Vyazovskiy VV, Wiesmann M, Wierenga CJ, Williams B, Willuhn I, Wöhr M, Wolvekamp M, van der Zee EA, Genzel L. The continued need for animals to advance brain research. Neuron 2021; 109:2374-2379. [PMID: 34352213 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Policymakers aim to move toward animal-free alternatives for scientific research and have introduced very strict regulations for animal research. We argue that, for neuroscience research, until viable and translational alternatives become available and the value of these alternatives has been proven, the use of animals should not be compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roger A H Adan
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Natalia Alenina
- The Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonis Asiminas
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK; Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Bader
- The Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Tom Beckers
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute and Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Denovan P Begg
- School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Gertjan van Dijk
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ype Elgersma
- Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Carlos P Fitzsimons
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie van Dam
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Center, Free University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Gass
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim Faculty, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Robbert Havekes
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Christiane Herden
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Gießen, Gießen, Germany; Center of Mind Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University of Marburg and Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Roelof A Hut
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Kate Jeffrey
- Institute of Behavioural Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1H 0AP, UK
| | - Daniela Jezova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andries Kalsbeek
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Kamermans
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martien J Kas
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Aniko Korosi
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Mechiel Korte
- Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Kirk Leech
- European Animal Research Association, London, UK
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Department of Neuropsychology and Psychiatry, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Heidi Lesscher
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anita Luthi
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Liya Ma
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Anne S Mallien
- Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim Faculty, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Meerlo
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jorge F Mejias
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frank J Meye
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Joram D Mul
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Umberto Olcese
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jocelien D A Olivier
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Cyriel M A Pennartz
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Piotr Popik
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków 31-343, Poland
| | | | - Liset M de la Prida
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sidarta Ribeiro
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Janine I Rossato
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Ali-Akbar Salari
- Salari Institute of Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders (SICBD), Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Regien G Schoemaker
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - August B Smit
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Tomonori Takeuchi
- Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rixt van der Veen
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marten P Smidt
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Corette J Wierenga
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Ingo Willuhn
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Markus Wöhr
- Center of Mind Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Philipps-University of Marburg and Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Marburg, Germany; Philipps-University of Marburg, Faculty of Psychology, Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Marburg, Germany; KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute and Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Eddy A van der Zee
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa Genzel
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Naudé PJW, Ramakers IHGB, van der Flier WM, Jiskoot LC, Reesink FE, Claassen JAHR, Koek HL, Eisel ULM, De Deyn PP. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels as biomarkers for the conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease dementia. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 107:1-10. [PMID: 34365256 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is an acute phase protein that has been reported as a potential marker for pre-dementia stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Longitudinal studies for its association with the conversion of mild cognitive impairment to AD is still lacking. This study included n = 268 study participants with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) (n=82), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n=98) and AD dementia (n=88) at baseline and two-year follow-up clinical assessments. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)NGAL, CSF amyloid beta1-42, total-Tau, and phospho-Tau levels were measured with ELISA analysis. CSF NGAL levels were significantly lower in MCI participants compared to people with SCD at baseline. Lower baseline CSF NGAL levels predicted MCI converters to AD dementia vs. non-converters after 2-years follow-up. A positive correlation between CSF NGAL and amyloid beta1-42 was found particularly in MCI participants at baseline. NGAL in CSF holds potential to be used as a predictive marker for the conversion of MCI to AD dementia and may reflect pathophysiological processes of prodromal AD neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus J W Naudé
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Centre, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health and Neuroscience Institute, Brain Behavior Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Inez H G B Ramakers
- Alzheimer Center Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology and Data Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lize C Jiskoot
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Dementia Research Centre, University College London, London, UK
| | - Fransje E Reesink
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Centre, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen A H R Claassen
- Departments of Neurology and Geriatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Huiberdina L Koek
- Radboud University Medical Center and Radboud Alzheimer Center, Department of Geriatrics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Centre, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Biobank, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Gouweleeuw L, Wajant H, Maier O, Eisel ULM, Blankesteijn WM, Schoemaker RG. Effects of selective TNFR1 inhibition or TNFR2 stimulation, compared to non-selective TNF inhibition, on (neuro)inflammation and behavior after myocardial infarction in male mice. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 93:156-171. [PMID: 33444731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) coinciding with depression worsens prognosis. Although Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF) is recognized to play a role in both conditions, the therapeutic potential of TNF inhibition is disappointing. TNF activates two receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, associated with opposite effects. Therefore, anti-inflammatory treatment with specific TNF receptor interference was compared to non-specific TNF inhibition regarding effects on heart, (neuro)inflammation, brain and behavior in mice with MI. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to MI or sham surgery. One hour later, MI mice were randomized to either non-specific TNF inhibition by Enbrel, specific TNFR1 antagonist-, or specific TNFR2 agonist treatment until the end of the protocol. Control sham and MI mice received saline. Behavioral evaluation was obtained day 10-14 after surgery. Eighteen days post-surgery, cardiac function was measured and mice were sacrificed. Blood and tissue samples were collected for analyses of (neuro)inflammation. RESULTS MI mice displayed left ventricular dysfunction, without heart failure, (neuro) inflammation or depressive-like behavior. Both receptor-specific interventions, but not Enbrel, doubled early post-MI mortality. TNFR2 agonist treatment improved left ventricular function and caused hyper-ramification of microglia, with no effect on depressive-like behavior. In contrast, TNFR1 antagonist treatment was associated with enhanced (neuro)inflammation: more plasma eosinophils and monocytes; increased plasma Lcn2 and hippocampal microglia and astrocyte activation. Moreover, increased baseline heart rate, with reduced beta-adrenergic responsiveness indicated sympathetic activation, and coincided with reduced exploratory behavior in the open field. Enbrel did not affect neuroinflammation nor behavior. CONCLUSION Early receptor interventions, but not non-specific TNF inhibition, increased mortality. Apart from this undesired effect, the general beneficial profile after TNFR2 stimulation, rather than the unfavourable effects of TNFR1 inhibition, would render TNFR2 stimulation preferable over non-specific TNF inhibition in MI with comorbid depression. However, follow-up studies regarding optimal timing and dosing are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gouweleeuw
- Department of Neurobiology, GELIFES, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - H Wajant
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, University Hospital Wurzburg, Germany
| | - O Maier
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Germany
| | - U L M Eisel
- Department of Neurobiology, GELIFES, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - W M Blankesteijn
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, CARIM, University of Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - R G Schoemaker
- Department of Neurobiology, GELIFES, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands.
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15
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Oberman K, Gouweleeuw L, Hoogerhout P, Eisel ULM, van Riet E, Schoemaker RG. Vaccination Prevented Short-Term Memory Loss, but Deteriorated Long-Term Spatial Memory in Alzheimer's Disease Mice, Independent of Amyloid-β Pathology. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2020; 4:261-280. [PMID: 32904788 PMCID: PMC7458552 DOI: 10.3233/adr-200213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Soluble oligomeric amyloid-β (Aβ), rather than Aβ plaques, seems to be the culprit in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Accordingly, a new concept vaccine of small cyclic peptide conjugates, selectively targeting oligomeric Aβ, has been developed. Objective: Study the therapeutic potential of this new vaccine in a mouse model for AD. Methods: J20 mice, overexpressing human amyloid precursor protein, were validated for an AD-like phenotype. Then, J20 mice were vaccinated at 2, 3, and 4 months of age and AD phenotype was evaluated at 6, 9, and 12 months of age; or at 9, 10, and 11 months with evaluation at 12 months. Effects on Aβ pathology were studied by plaque load (immunohistochemistry; 6E10) and antibody titers against Aβ (ELISA). AD behavioral phenotype was evaluated by performance in a battery of cognitive tests. Results: J20 mice displayed age-related Aβ plaque development and an AD-like behavioral phenotype. A consistent antibody response to the cyclic peptides was, however, not extended to Aβ, leaving plaque load unaffected. Nevertheless, immunization at young ages prevented working- and short-term spatial memory loss, but deteriorated long-term spatial learning and memory, at 12 months of age. Immunization at later ages did not affect any measured parameter. Conclusion: J20 mice provide a relevant model for AD to study potential anti-Aβ treatment. Early vaccination prevented short-term memory loss at later ages, but deteriorated long-term spatial memory, however without affecting Aβ pathology. Later vaccination had no effects, but optimal timing may require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaske Oberman
- Department of Neurobiology GELIFES, University Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie Gouweleeuw
- Department of Neurobiology GELIFES, University Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Neurobiology GELIFES, University Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Regien G Schoemaker
- Department of Neurobiology GELIFES, University Groningen, The Netherlands.,University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
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16
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Fischer R, Padutsch T, Bracchi-Ricard V, Murphy KL, Martinez GF, Delguercio N, Elmer N, Sendetski M, Diem R, Eisel ULM, Smeyne RJ, Kontermann RE, Pfizenmaier K, Bethea JR. Exogenous activation of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 promotes recovery from sensory and motor disease in a model of multiple sclerosis. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 81:247-259. [PMID: 31220564 PMCID: PMC6754799 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2) is a transmembrane receptor that promotes immune modulation and tissue regeneration and is recognized as a potential therapeutic target for multiple sclerosis (MS). However, TNFR2 also contributes to T effector cell function and macrophage-TNFR2 recently was shown to promote disease development in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS. We here demonstrate that systemic administration of a TNFR2 agonist alleviates peripheral and central inflammation, and reduces demyelination and neurodegeneration, indicating that protective signals induced by TNFR2 exceed potential pathogenic TNFR2-dependent responses. Our behavioral data show that systemic treatment of female EAE mice with a TNFR2 agonist is therapeutic on motor symptoms and promotes long-term recovery from neuropathic pain. Mechanistically, our data indicate that TNFR2 agonist treatment follows a dual mode of action and promotes both suppression of CNS autoimmunity and remyelination. Strategies based on the concept of exogenous activation of TNFR2 therefore hold great promise as a new therapeutic approach to treat motor and sensory disease in MS as well as other inflammatory diseases or neuropathic pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Fischer
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
| | - Tanja Padutsch
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | - Kayla L. Murphy
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | - Niky Delguercio
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Nicholas Elmer
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Maksim Sendetski
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Ricarda Diem
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany,CCU Neurooncoloy, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich L. M. Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Richard J. Smeyne
- Department of Neurosciences, Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Roland E. Kontermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany,Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Klaus Pfizenmaier
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany,Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - John R. Bethea
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104,To whom correspondence should be addressed: , Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, tel: +1 215 571 3785, , Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, tel: +1 215 895 2624
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17
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van Buel EM, Meddens MJM, Arnoldussen EA, van den Heuvel ER, Bohlmeijer WC, den Boer JA, Muller Kobold A, Boonman-de Winter LJM, van Rumpt D, Timmers LFJ, Veerman MFA, Kamphuis JS, Gladkevich AV, Schoevers RA, Luiten PGM, Eisel ULM, Bosker FJ, Klein HC. Major depressive disorder is associated with changes in a cluster of serum and urine biomarkers. J Psychosom Res 2019; 125:109796. [PMID: 31470255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2019.109796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous disorder with a considerable symptomatic overlap with other psychiatric and somatic disorders. This study aims at providing evidence for association of a set of serum and urine biomarkers with MDD. We analyzed urine and serum samples of 40 MDD patients and 47 age- and sex-matched controls using 40 potential MDD biomarkers (21 serum biomarkers and 19 urine biomarkers). All participants were of Caucasian origin. We developed an algorithm to combine the heterogeneity at biomarker level. This method enabled the identification of correlating biomarkers based on differences in variation and distribution between groups, combined the outcome of the selected biomarkers, and calculated depression probability scores (the "bio depression score"). Phenotype permutation analysis showed a significant discrimination between MDD and euthymic (control) subjects for biomarkers in urine (P < .001), in serum (P = .02) and in the combined serum plus urine result (P < .001). Based on this algorithm, a combination of 8 urine biomarkers and 9 serum biomarkers were identified to correlate with MDD, enabling an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.955 in a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Selection of either urine biomarkers or serum biomarkers resulted in AUC values of 0.907 and 0.853, respectively. Internal cross-validation (5-fold) confirmed the association of this set of biomarkers with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M van Buel
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GeLIFES), University of Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Edwin R van den Heuvel
- Department of Mathematics & Computer Science, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Willem C Bohlmeijer
- Office for Neuropsychiatry, Psychotherapy and Expertise, Brummen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan A den Boer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; PRA Health Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Muller Kobold
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dirk van Rumpt
- SHO Center for Medical Diagnostics, Velp, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Johannes S Kamphuis
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Gelre Hospital, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
| | - Anatoliy V Gladkevich
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A Schoevers
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, The Netherlands; Research School of Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Paul G M Luiten
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GeLIFES), University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GeLIFES), University of Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, The Netherlands
| | - Fokko J Bosker
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, The Netherlands
| | - Hans C Klein
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, The Netherlands; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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18
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Havekes R, Heckman PRA, Wams EJ, Stasiukonyte N, Meerlo P, Eisel ULM. Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: The role of disturbed sleep in attenuated brain plasticity and neurodegenerative processes. Cell Signal 2019; 64:109420. [PMID: 31536750 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairments. The classical symptoms of the disease include gradual deterioration of memory and language. Epidemiological studies indicate that around 25-40% of AD patients have sleep-wake cycle disturbances. Importantly, a series of studies suggested that the relationship between AD and sleep disturbance may be complex and bidirectional. Indeed, accumulation of the extracellular neuronal protein amyloid-beta (Aβ) leads to altered sleep-wake behavior in both mice and humans. At the same time, disturbances of the normal sleep-wake cycle may facilitate AD pathogenesis. This paper will review the mechanisms underlying this potential interrelated connection including locus coeruleus damage, reductions in orexin neurotransmission, alterations in melatonin levels, and elevated cytokine levels. In addition, we will also highlight how both the development of AD and sleep disturbances lead to changes in intracellular signaling pathways involved in regulating neuronal plasticity and connectivity, particularly extremes in cofilin phosphorylation. Finally, current pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapeutic approaches will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbert Havekes
- Neurobiology expertise group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Pim R A Heckman
- Neurobiology expertise group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emma J Wams
- Neurobiology expertise group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Neringa Stasiukonyte
- Neurobiology expertise group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Meerlo
- Neurobiology expertise group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Neurobiology expertise group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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19
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Ortí-Casañ N, Wu Y, Naudé PJW, De Deyn PP, Zuhorn IS, Eisel ULM. Targeting TNFR2 as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:49. [PMID: 30778285 PMCID: PMC6369349 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. Accumulating experimental evidence shows the important linkage between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) and AD, but the exact role of TNF in AD is still not completely understood. Although TNF-inhibitors are successfully used for treating several diseases, total inhibition of TNF can cause side effects, particularly in neurological diseases. This is attributed to the opposing roles of the two TNF receptors. TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) predominantly mediates inflammatory and pro-apoptotic signaling pathways, whereas TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) is neuroprotective and promotes tissue regeneration. Therefore, the specific activation of TNFR2 signaling, either by directly targeting TNFR2 via TNFR2 agonists or by blocking TNFR1 signaling with TNFR1-selective antagonists, seems a promising strategy for AD therapy. This mini-review discusses the involvement of TNFR2 and its signaling pathway in AD and outlines its potential application as therapeutic target. A better understanding of the function of TNFR2 may lead to the development of a treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ortí-Casañ
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Yingying Wu
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Petrus J W Naudé
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Inge S Zuhorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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20
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Dekens DW, Naudé PJW, Keijser JN, Boerema AS, De Deyn PP, Eisel ULM. Lipocalin 2 contributes to brain iron dysregulation but does not affect cognition, plaque load, and glial activation in the J20 Alzheimer mouse model. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:330. [PMID: 30501637 PMCID: PMC6267886 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1372-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is an acute-phase protein implicated in multiple neurodegenerative conditions. Interestingly, both neuroprotective and neurodegenerative effects have been described for Lcn2. Increased Lcn2 levels were found in human post-mortem Alzheimer (AD) brain tissue, and in vitro studies indicated that Lcn2 aggravates amyloid-β-induced toxicity. However, the role of Lcn2 has not been studied in an in vivo AD model. Therefore, in the current study, the effects of Lcn2 were studied in the J20 mouse model of AD. METHODS J20 mice and Lcn2-deficient J20 (J20xLcn2 KO) mice were compared at the behavioral and neuropathological level. RESULTS J20xLcn2 KO and J20 mice presented equally strong AD-like behavioral changes, cognitive impairment, plaque load, and glial activation. Interestingly, hippocampal iron accumulation was significantly decreased in J20xLcn2 KO mice as compared to J20 mice. CONCLUSIONS Lcn2 contributes to AD-like brain iron dysregulation, and future research should further explore the importance of Lcn2 in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doortje W. Dekens
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, 9747 AG The Netherlands
| | - Petrus J. W. Naudé
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, 9747 AG The Netherlands
| | - Jan N. Keijser
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, 9747 AG The Netherlands
| | - Ate S. Boerema
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, 9747 AG The Netherlands
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ The Netherlands
| | - Peter P. De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Biobank, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ulrich L. M. Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, 9747 AG The Netherlands
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ The Netherlands
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21
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Kurtys E, Casteels C, Real CC, Eisel ULM, Verkuyl JM, Broersen LM, Klein HC, Dierckx RAJO, Doorduin J, de Vries EFJ. Therapeutic effects of dietary intervention on neuroinflammation and brain metabolism in a rat model of photothrombotic stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 25:36-46. [PMID: 29804326 PMCID: PMC6436598 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A possible target for stroke management is modulation of neuroinflammation. Evidence suggests that food components may exert anti-inflammatory properties and thus may reduce stroke-induced brain damage. AIM To investigate the efficacy of a diet, containing anti-inflammatory ingredients, as treatment for focal ischemic brain damage induced by photothrombotic stroke in the somatosensory cortex of rats. RESULTS Brain lesions were surrounded by strong astrogliosis on both day 7 and day 21 after stroke and were accompanied by a trend toward globally decreased glucose metabolism on day 7. The investigational diet applied 2 weeks before the ischemia did not affect astrocyte activation on day 7, but reduced it at day 21. The investigational diet applied immediately after the ischemia, increased astrocyte activation on day 7 and completely reversed this effect on day 21. Moreover, postischemic intervention increased glucose metabolism in somatosensory cortex ipsilateral to the lesion on day 7. CONCLUSION This study reveals potentially beneficial effects of a diet containing elevated amounts of anti-inflammatory nutrients on the recovery from ischemic brain damage. Therefore, dietary intervention can be considered as an adjuvant therapy for recovery from this brain pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Kurtys
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cindy Casteels
- Molecular Small Animal Imaging Center, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline C Real
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, GELIFES, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Hans C Klein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Janine Doorduin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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22
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van der Goot E, Bruinenberg VM, Hormann FM, Eisel ULM, van Spronsen FJ, Van der Zee EA. Hippocampal microglia modifications in C57Bl/6 Pah enu2 and BTBR Pah enu2 phenylketonuria (PKU) mice depend on the genetic background, irrespective of disturbed sleep patterns. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 160:139-143. [PMID: 29772389 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Toxic levels of phenylalanine in blood and brain is a characteristic of (untreated) phenylketonuria (PKU), leading to cognitive deficits in PKU mice. In addition, our recent findings showed that PKU mice (as well as PKU patients) have a disturbed sleep/wake cycle. As a consequence, sleep loss may contribute to cognitive deficits in PKU. Sleep loss has been linked to increased activation of microglia in the hippocampus. In this study, we set out to examine morphological features of the microglia population in the hippocampus of the mouse PKU model, using both the C57Bl/6 and the BTBR strain and their wild-type controls (age 5.3 ± 0.5 months; n = 16 per group, both males and females; n = 8 each). Microglial activation is reflected by retraction and thickening of the dendritic branches and an increase in cell body size of a microglial cell. Such morphological changes of microglia were studied by way of immunohistochemical staining for Iba-1, a microglia-specific calcium binding protein. We measured the number of microglia in seven subregions of the dorsal hippocampus. The level of microglial activation was determined, based on the ratio between the soma size and total cell size (soma size plus the area covered by the dendritic branches). Results showed subtle but statistical significant activation of hippocampal microglia in the C57Bl6, but not in the BTBR, PKU mice when compared with their wild-type controls. Also the total number of microglia was higher in the C57Bl/6 PKU (compared to the wild-type) mouse, but not in the BTBR PKU mouse. It is concluded that the C57Bl/6 PKU mouse has mildly higher microglia activity, which may support rather than hamper hippocampal homeostasis. The results further indicate that high levels of phenylalanine or disturbed sleep patterns do not consequently cause hippocampal microglial activation in the PKU mouse. It is currently unknown why the two PKU mouse strains show these differences in number and activation level of their hippocampal microglia, and to what extent it influences hippocampal functioning. Further scrutinizing the role of microglia functioning in the context of PKU is therefore warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Els van der Goot
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vibeke M Bruinenberg
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Femke M Hormann
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francjan J van Spronsen
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eddy A Van der Zee
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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23
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Pegoretti V, Baron W, Laman JD, Eisel ULM. Selective Modulation of TNF-TNFRs Signaling: Insights for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment. Front Immunol 2018; 9:925. [PMID: 29760711 PMCID: PMC5936749 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity develops when self-tolerance mechanisms are failing to protect healthy tissue. A sustained reaction to self is generated, which includes the generation of effector cells and molecules that destroy tissues. A way to restore this intrinsic tolerance is through immune modulation that aims at refurbishing this immunologically naïve or unresponsive state, thereby decreasing the aberrant immune reaction taking place. One major cytokine has been shown to play a pivotal role in several autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and multiple sclerosis (MS): tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) modulates the induction and maintenance of an inflammatory process and it comes in two variants, soluble TNF (solTNF) and transmembrane bound TNF (tmTNF). tmTNF signals via TNFR1 and TNFR2, whereas solTNF signals mainly via TNFR1. TNFR1 is widely expressed and promotes mainly inflammation and apoptosis. Conversely, TNFR2 is restricted mainly to immune and endothelial cells and it is known to activate the pro-survival PI3K-Akt/PKB signaling pathway and to sustain regulatory T cells function. Anti-TNFα therapies are successfully used to treat diseases such as RA, colitis, and psoriasis. However, clinical studies with a non-selective inhibitor of TNFα in MS patients had to be halted due to exacerbation of clinical symptoms. One possible explanation for this failure is the non-selectivity of the treatment, which avoids TNFR2 stimulation and its immune and tissue protective properties. Thus, a receptor-selective modulation of TNFα signal pathways provides a novel therapeutic concept that might lead to new insights in MS pathology with major implications for its effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pegoretti
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wia Baron
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jon D Laman
- Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Kurtys
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, GELIFES, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Rudi A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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25
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Dekens DW, Naudé PJW, Engelborghs S, Vermeiren Y, Van Dam D, Oude Voshaar RC, Eisel ULM, De Deyn PP. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and its Receptors in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) Brain Regions: Differential Findings in AD with and without Depression. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 55:763-776. [PMID: 27716662 PMCID: PMC5147520 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Co-existing depression worsens Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a newly identified (neuro)inflammatory mediator in the pathophysiologies of both AD and depression. This study aimed to compare NGAL levels in healthy controls, AD without depression (AD–D), and AD with co-existing depression (AD+D) patients. Protein levels of NGAL and its receptors, 24p3R and megalin, were assessed in nine brain regions from healthy controls (n = 19), AD–D (n = 19), and AD+D (n = 21) patients. NGAL levels in AD–D patients were significantly increased in brain regions commonly associated with AD. In the hippocampus, NGAL levels were even further increased in AD+D subjects. Unexpectedly, NGAL levels in the prefrontal cortex of AD+D patients were comparable to those in controls. Megalin levels were increased in BA11 and amygdala of AD+D patients, while no changes in 24p3R were detected. These findings indicate significant differences in neuroimmunological regulation between AD patients with and without co-existing depression. Considering its known effects, elevated NGAL levels might actively promote neuropathological processes in AD with and without depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doortje W Dekens
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Petrus J W Naudé
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp (ZNA), Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Biobank, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Yannick Vermeiren
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Biobank, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Debby Van Dam
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Biobank, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Richard C Oude Voshaar
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp (ZNA), Antwerp, Belgium.,Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Biobank, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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26
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Naudé PJW, Dekens DW, Eisel ULM, den Daas I, De Deyn PP. Dynamics of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations in older males. Eur J Clin Invest 2017; 47. [PMID: 29082525 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is an inflammatory protein with gaining increasing interest for its use as marker in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for several chronic diseases. Its biochemical properties make it an attractive marker. However, changes in blood and CSF NGAL concentrations during the diurnal rhythm in the elderly are unknown. This information is important for its optimal use as marker in studies with older people. METHODS Serial paired plasma and CSF samples were obtained from 8 healthy elderly males over a 30-hour period. NGAL and cortisol were quantified with ELISA. RESULTS No significant changes in plasma and CSF NGAL concentrations over time were found, whereas cortisol (included as internal control) concentrations displayed significant changes over time. Significant circadian patterns were found for plasma NGAL and for cortisol in both plasma and CSF. However, CSF NGAL concentrations did not follow a diurnal pattern in elderly males. CONCLUSIONS This study illustrates the temporal regulation of NGAL in plasma and CSF, which potentially is a useful reference for studies measuring NGAL as biomarker in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus J W Naudé
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Doortje W Dekens
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behaviour, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Mulder CK, Dong Y, Brugghe HF, Timmermans HAM, Tilstra W, Westdijk J, van Riet E, van Steeg H, Hoogerhout P, Eisel ULM. Immunization with Small Amyloid-β-derived Cyclopeptide Conjugates Diminishes Amyloid-β-Induced Neurodegeneration in Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 52:1111-23. [PMID: 27060957 PMCID: PMC4927839 DOI: 10.3233/jad-151136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Soluble oligomeric (misfolded) species of amyloid-β (Aβ) are the main mediators of toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These oligomers subsequently form aggregates of insoluble fibrils that precipitate as extracellular and perivascular plaques in the brain. Active immunization against Aβ is a promising disease modifying strategy. However, eliciting an immune response against Aβ in general may interfere with its biological function and was shown to cause unwanted side-effects. Therefore, we have developed a novel experimental vaccine based on conformational neo-epitopes that are exposed in the misfolded oligomeric Aβ, inducing a specific antibody response. Objective: Here we investigate the protective effects of the experimental vaccine against oligomeric Aβ1-42-induced neuronal fiber loss in vivo. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were immunized or mock-immunized. Antibody responses were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Next, mice received a stereotactic injection of oligomeric Aβ1-42 into the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) on one side of the brain (lesion side), and scrambled Aβ1-42 peptide in the contralateral NBM (control side). The densities of choline acetyltransferase-stained cholinergic fibers origination from the NBM were measured in the parietal neocortex postmortem. The percentage of fiber loss in the lesion side was determined relative to the control side of the brain. Results: Immunized responders (79%) showed 23% less cholinergic fiber loss (p = 0.01) relative to mock-immunized mice. Moreover, fiber loss in immunized responders correlated negatively with the measured antibody responses (R2 = 0.29, p = 0.02). Conclusion: These results may provide a lead towards a (prophylactic) vaccine to prevent or at least attenuate (early onset) AD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelis K Mulder
- University of Groningen, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yun Dong
- University of Groningen, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Humphrey F Brugghe
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Hans A M Timmermans
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wichard Tilstra
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Janny Westdijk
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Elly van Riet
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Harry van Steeg
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Hoogerhout
- Institute for Translational Vaccinology (Intravacc), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- University of Groningen, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands
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28
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Mommersteeg PMC, Schoemaker RG, Naudé PJW, Eisel ULM, Garrelds IM, Schalkwijk CG, Westerhuis BWJJM, Kop WJ, Denollet J. Depression and markers of inflammation as predictors of all-cause mortality in heart failure. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 57:144-150. [PMID: 27013355 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with heart failure (HF) depressive symptoms have been associated with mortality, as well as biological risk factors, including inflammation, nitric oxide (NO) regulation, and oxidative stress. We investigated the joint predictive value of depressive symptoms, inflammation and NO regulation on all-cause mortality in patients with HF, adjusted for covariates. METHODS Serum levels of inflammation (TNFα, sTNFr1, sTNFr2, IL-6, hsCRP, NGAL), NO regulation (l-arginine, ADMA, and SDMA), and oxidative stress (isoprostane 8-Epi Prostaglandin F2 Alpha) were measured in 104 patients with HF (mean age 65.7±SD 8.4years, 28% women). Depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) were measured as continuous total, cognitive, and somatic symptoms, as well as categorized presence of mild/moderate depression (cut-off BDI ⩾10). In Cox proportional hazard models we adjusted for age, sex, poor exercise tolerance and comorbidity. RESULTS After on average 6.1years follow-up (SD=2.9, range 0.4-9.2), 49 patients died. Total and somatic depressive symptoms, mild/moderate depression, higher NGAL, sTNFr2, IL-6, hsCRP and SDMA serum levels were significantly associated with a higher all-cause mortality rate, adjusted for covariates. The findings were most consistent for CRP level and somatic depressive symptoms. When combined, both depressive symptoms and markers of inflammation and NO regulation remained significantly associated with all-cause mortality. These associations were not confounded by age, sex, poor exercise tolerance and comorbidity. CONCLUSION Depressive symptoms and markers of inflammation and NO regulation are codominant risk factors for all-cause mortality in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M C Mommersteeg
- CoRPS, Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | - Regien G Schoemaker
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Petrus J W Naudé
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Centre, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Centre, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ingrid M Garrelds
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Erasmus Medical Center, The Netherlands.
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory for Metabolism and Vascular Medicine, CARIM, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Peter Debeyelaan 25, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Bert W J J M Westerhuis
- Clinical Chemistry and Hematology Laboratory, Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | - Willem J Kop
- CoRPS, Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | - Johan Denollet
- CoRPS, Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
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29
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Kurtys E, Eisel ULM, Verkuyl JM, Broersen LM, Dierckx RAJO, de Vries EFJ. The combination of vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids has an enhanced anti-inflammatory effect on microglia. Neurochem Int 2016; 99:206-214. [PMID: 27465516 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a common phenomenon in the pathology of many brain diseases. In this paper we explore whether selected vitamins and fatty acids known to modulate inflammation exert an effect on microglia, the key cell type involved in neuroinflammation. Previously these nutrients have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory properties acting on specific inflammatory pathways. We hypothesized that combining nutrients acting on converging anti-inflammatory pathways may lead to enhanced anti-inflammatory properties as compared to the action of a single nutrient. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of combinations of nutrients based on the ability to inhibit the LPS-induced release of nitric oxide and interleukin-6 from BV-2 cells. Results show that omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins A and D can individually reduce the LPS-induced secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines by BV-2 cells. Moreover, we show that vitamins A, D and omega-3 fatty acids (docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic) at concentrations where they individually had little effect, significantly reduced the secretion of the inflammatory mediator, nitric oxide, when they were combined. The conclusion of this study is that combining different nutrients acting on convergent anti-inflammatory pathways may result in an increased anti-inflammatory efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kurtys
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - U L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J M Verkuyl
- Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L M Broersen
- Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R A J O Dierckx
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - E F J de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
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30
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Naudé PJW, Dekker AD, Coppus AMW, Vermeiren Y, Eisel ULM, van Duijn CM, Van Dam D, De Deyn PP. Serum NGAL is Associated with Distinct Plasma Amyloid-β Peptides According to the Clinical Diagnosis of Dementia in Down Syndrome. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 45:733-43. [PMID: 25613101 DOI: 10.3233/jad-142514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of people with Down syndrome (DS) develop dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuropathological features are characterized by an accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits and the presence of an activated immune response. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is a newly identified (neuro)inflammatory constituent in AD. OBJECTIVE This study examines NGAL as an inflammatory marker in DS and its associations with plasma Aβ peptides according to the follow-up clinical diagnosis of dementia. METHODS Baseline serum NGAL and plasma Aβ40, Aβ42, Aβ(n40), and Aβ(n42) were quantified in 204 people with DS. The diagnosis of dementia in DS was established by follow-up clinical assessments. The following study groups were characterized: DS with AD at baseline (n = 67), DS without AD (n = 53), and non-demented DS individuals that converted to AD (n = 84). Serum NGAL was analyzed in 55 elderly non-DS, non-demented people. RESULTS Serum NGAL levels were significantly increased in DS subjects compared to non-DS people. Serum NGAL levels were not associated with clinical dementia symptoms in DS. However, NGAL was positively associated with Aβ42 and Aβ(n42) in demented DS individuals and with Aβ40 and Aβ(n40) in the non-demented DS group. NGAL was negatively associated with Aβ42/Aβ40 and Aβ(n42)/Aβ(n40) ratios in converted DS subjects. These associations persisted for Aβ(n40), Aβ42/Aβ40, and Aβ(n42)/Aβ(n40) after adjusting for demographics measures, apolipoprotein E ε4 allele, platelets, and anti-inflammatory medication. CONCLUSION Serum NGAL levels are increased in DS and associated with distinct species of Aβ depending on the progression of dementia as diagnosed by baseline and follow-up clinical assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus J W Naudé
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alain D Dekker
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behaviour, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Antonia M W Coppus
- Dichterbij, Center for the Intellectually Disabled, Gennep, The Netherlands Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Department of Primary and Community Care (152 ELG), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yannick Vermeiren
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behaviour, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Debby Van Dam
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behaviour, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behaviour, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
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31
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van Buel EM, Bosker FJ, van Drunen J, Strijker J, Douwenga W, Klein HC, Eisel ULM. Electroconvulsive seizures (ECS) do not prevent LPS-induced behavioral alterations and microglial activation. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:232. [PMID: 26654099 PMCID: PMC4676811 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0454-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term neuroimmune activation is a common finding in major depressive disorder (MDD). Literature suggests a dual effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), a highly effective treatment strategy for MDD, on neuroimmune parameters: while ECT acutely increases inflammatory parameters, such as serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, there is evidence to suggest that repeated ECT sessions eventually result in downregulation of the inflammatory response. We hypothesized that this might be due to ECT-induced attenuation of microglial activity upon inflammatory stimuli in the brain. Methods Adult male C57Bl/6J mice received a series of ten electroconvulsive seizures (ECS) or sham shocks, followed by an intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injection. Brains were extracted and immunohistochemically stained for the microglial marker ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1). In addition, a sucrose preference test and an open-field test were performed to quantify behavioral alterations. Results LPS induced a short-term reduction in sucrose preference, which normalized within 3 days. In addition, LPS reduced the distance walked in the open field and induced alterations in grooming and rearing behavior. ECS did not affect any of these parameters. Phenotypical analysis of microglia demonstrated an LPS-induced increase in microglial activity ranging from 84 to 213 % in different hippocampal regions (CA3 213 %; CA1 84 %; dentate gyrus 131 %; and hilus 123 %). ECS-induced alterations in microglial activity were insignificant, ranging from −2.6 to 14.3 % in PBS-injected mice and from −20.2 to 6.6 % in LPS-injected mice. Conclusions We were unable to demonstrate an effect of ECS on LPS-induced microglial activity or behavioral alterations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-015-0454-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M van Buel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands. .,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - F J Bosker
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - J van Drunen
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - J Strijker
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - W Douwenga
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - H C Klein
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. .,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - U L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands. .,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
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32
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Naudé PJW, Mommersteeg PMC, Gouweleeuw L, Eisel ULM, Denollet J, Westerhuis LWJJM, Schoemaker RG. NGAL and other markers of inflammation as competitive or complementary markers for depressive symptom dimensions in heart failure. World J Biol Psychiatry 2015. [PMID: 26212793 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1062550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is an inflammatory marker associated with the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF), the psychopathology of depression and the co-existing symptoms of depression in HF patients. The aim of this study is to determine whether the association of serum NGAL levels with depressive symptoms dimensions in HF is independent of well-known inflammatory markers. METHODS Serum NGAL, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), its two soluble receptors; sTNFR1, sTNFR2, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and leukocytes were measured in 104 patients with HF at baseline and 12 months. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at both timepoints. Correlations between NGAL and inflammatory markers and depressive symptoms dimensions were determined. The effect of hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-α, sTNFR1, sTNFR2 and leukocytes on the association of NGAL with depressive symptoms was determined and adjusted for time, demographics, cardiac disease severity, and kidney function. RESULTS NGAL levels were significantly correlated with hsCRP, TNF-α, sTNFR1, sTNFR2 and leukocytes. NGAL was significantly associated with somatic depressive symptoms, independent of abovementioned markers. CONCLUSIONS Serum NGAL is an independent inflammatory marker for somatic depressive symptoms in HF and may function as an immunopathogen linking somatic symptoms of depression to HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus J W Naudé
- a Department of Molecular Neurobiology , University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,b Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Centre , University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Paula M C Mommersteeg
- c CoRPS, Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology , Tilburg University , Tilburg , The Netherlands
| | - Leonie Gouweleeuw
- a Department of Molecular Neurobiology , University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- a Department of Molecular Neurobiology , University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,d University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Johan Denollet
- c CoRPS, Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology , Tilburg University , Tilburg , The Netherlands
| | | | - Regien G Schoemaker
- a Department of Molecular Neurobiology , University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands.,f Department of Cardiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
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33
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van Buel EM, Patas K, Peters M, Bosker FJ, Eisel ULM, Klein HC. Immune and neurotrophin stimulation by electroconvulsive therapy: is some inflammation needed after all? Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5. [PMID: 26218851 PMCID: PMC5068722 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2015.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A low-grade inflammatory response is commonly seen in the peripheral blood of major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, especially those with refractory and chronic disease courses. However, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), the most drastic intervention reserved for these patients, is closely associated with an enhanced haematogenous as well as neuroinflammatory immune response, as evidenced by both human and animal studies. A related line of experimental evidence further shows that inflammatory stimulation reinforces neurotrophin expression and may even mediate dramatic neurogenic and antidepressant-like effects following exposure to chronic stress. The current review therefore attempts a synthesis of our knowledge on the neurotrophic and immunological aspects of ECT and other electrically based treatments in psychiatry. Perhaps contrary to contemporary views, we conclude that targeted potentiation, rather than suppression, of inflammatory responses may be of therapeutic relevance to chronically depressed patients or a subgroup thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M van Buel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands. E-mail:
| | - K Patas
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Peters
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - F J Bosker
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - U L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H C Klein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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van Dijk G, van Heijningen S, Reijne AC, Nyakas C, van der Zee EA, Eisel ULM. Integrative neurobiology of metabolic diseases, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:173. [PMID: 26041981 PMCID: PMC4434977 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex, multifactorial disease with a number of leading mechanisms, including neuroinflammation, processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) to amyloid β peptide, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, relocalization, and deposition. These mechanisms are propagated by obesity, the metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes mellitus. Stress, sedentariness, dietary overconsumption of saturated fat and refined sugars, and circadian derangements/disturbed sleep contribute to obesity and related metabolic diseases, but also accelerate age-related damage and senescence that all feed the risk of developing AD too. The complex and interacting mechanisms are not yet completely understood and will require further analysis. Instead of investigating AD as a mono- or oligocausal disease we should address the disease by understanding the multiple underlying mechanisms and how these interact. Future research therefore might concentrate on integrating these by “systems biology” approaches, but also to regard them from an evolutionary medicine point of view. The current review addresses several of these interacting mechanisms in animal models and compares them with clinical data giving an overview about our current knowledge and puts them into an integrated framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gertjan van Dijk
- Department Behavioural Neuroscience, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Steffen van Heijningen
- Department Behavioural Neuroscience, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Aaffien C Reijne
- Department Behavioural Neuroscience, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands ; Systems Biology Centre for Energy Metabolism and Ageing, University Medical Center, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Csaba Nyakas
- Department Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Eddy A van der Zee
- Department Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands ; University Centre of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
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Gouweleeuw L, Naudé PJW, Rots M, DeJongste MJL, Eisel ULM, Schoemaker RG. The role of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) as biological constituent linking depression and cardiovascular disease. Brain Behav Immun 2015; 46:23-32. [PMID: 25576802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is more common in patients with cardiovascular disease than in the general population. Conversely, depression is a risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease. Comorbidity of these two pathologies worsens prognosis. Several mechanisms have been indicated in the link between cardiovascular disease and depression, including inflammation. Systemic inflammation can have long-lasting effects on the central nervous system, which could be associated with depression. NGAL is an inflammatory marker and elevated plasma levels are associated with both cardiovascular disease and depression. While patients with depression show elevated NGAL levels, in patients with comorbid heart failure, NGAL levels are significantly higher and associated with depression scores. Systemic inflammation evokes NGAL expression in the brain. This is considered a proinflammatory effect as it is involved in microglia activation and reactive astrocytosis. Animal studies support a direct link between NGAL and depression/anxiety associated behavior. In this review we focus on the role of NGAL in linking depression and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gouweleeuw
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P J W Naudé
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Rots
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M J L DeJongste
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - U L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R G Schoemaker
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Naudé PJW, den Boer JA, Comijs HC, Bosker FJ, Zuidersma M, Groenewold NA, De Deyn PP, Luiten PGM, Eisel ULM, Oude Voshaar RC. Sex-specific associations between Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and cognitive domains in late-life depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2014; 48:169-77. [PMID: 25019974 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it is well established that late-life depression is associated with both systemic low-graded inflammation and cognitive impairment, the relation between inflammation and cognition in depressed older persons is still equivocal. The objective of this study is to examine the association between plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) concentrations and cognitive functioning in late-life depression, including the potentially moderating role of sex. METHODS A total of 369 depressed older persons (≥60 years) from The Netherlands study of Depression in Older persons (NESDO) were included. Four cognitive domains, i.e. verbal memory, processing speed, interference control and attention were assessed with three cognitive tests (Stroop test, Wais Digit span test, and Rey's verbal learning test). Multiple linear regression analyses were applied with the four cognitive domains as dependent variables adjusted for confounders. RESULTS The association between NGAL levels and specific cognitive domains were sex-specific. In women, higher NGAL levels were associated with impaired verbal memory and lower processing speed. In men, higher NGAL levels were associated with worse interference control. Higher NGAL levels were not associated with attention. No sex-specific associations of either high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) or interleukin-6 (IL-6) with cognitive functioning were found. CONCLUSION This study shows sex-specific association of NGAL with cognitive functioning in late-life depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J W Naudé
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - J A den Boer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H C Comijs
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F J Bosker
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Zuidersma
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - N A Groenewold
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, ZNA and Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia and Biobank Antwerp, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - P G M Luiten
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - U L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - R C Oude Voshaar
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Naudé PJW, Mommersteeg PMC, Zijlstra WP, Gouweleeuw L, Kupper N, Eisel ULM, Kop WJ, Schoemaker RG. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and depression in patients with chronic heart failure. Brain Behav Immun 2014; 38:59-65. [PMID: 24407045 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression adversely affects prognosis in heart failure (HF) patients. Inflammation is indicated as potential biological pathway in this co-morbidity. Since increased levels of the cytokine Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) are predictive for HF prognosis, and recently indicated in patients with major depression, this study examined the association of serum NGAL levels with symptoms of depression in patients with HF. Serum NGAL levels were measured in 104 patients with HF (left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF⩽40). Depression, evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; total score, somatic and cognitive component), and the Hamilton Depression Rating scale (HAMD), at baseline and 12months follow-up, was associated with NGAL levels using mixed model analysis. Analyses were adjusted for demographics measures, disease severity indicators, inflammation, comorbidity and medication. Increased serum NGAL levels were significantly associated with depression measured by HAMD (baseline: r=0.25, p<.05) and BDI (baseline: r=0.22, p<.05; 12months: r=0.37, p<.01). This association remained significant after adjustment for covariates; age, sex, time, LVEF, and creatinine (HAMD, t=2.01, p=.047; BDI, t=2.28, p=.024). NGAL was significantly associated with somatic- (p=0.004), but not cognitive depressive symptoms (p=0.32). NGAL levels were associated with the experienced HF-related functional limitations (6min walk test), rather than the severity of cardiac dysfunction (LVEF). This study indicates that depression in patients with chronic HF is associated with elevated NGAL levels, independent of clinical severity of the underlying disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus J W Naudé
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Paula M C Mommersteeg
- CoRPS, Centre of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Wobbe P Zijlstra
- CoRPS, Centre of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie Gouweleeuw
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Kupper
- CoRPS, Centre of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willem J Kop
- CoRPS, Centre of Research on Psychology in Somatic diseases, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Regien G Schoemaker
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Naudé PJW, Eisel ULM, Comijs HC, Groenewold NA, De Deyn PP, Bosker FJ, Luiten PGM, den Boer JA, Oude Voshaar RC. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: a novel inflammatory marker associated with late-life depression. J Psychosom Res 2013; 75:444-50. [PMID: 24182633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2013.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic low graded inflammation has been identified as a possible biological pathway in late-life depression. Identification of inflammatory markers and their association with characteristics of depression is essential with the aim to improve diagnosis and therapeutic approaches. This study examines the determinants of plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL), which is selectively triggered by TNFα receptor 1 signaling within the central nervous system, and its association with late-life depressive disorder. METHODS Baseline data were obtained from a well-characterized prospective cohort study of 350 depressed and 129 non-depressed older persons (≥60years). Past 6month diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) according to DSM-IV-TR criteria was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 2.0). Potential determinants of plasma NGAL included sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and psychiatric and physical comorbidity. RESULTS Plasma NGAL concentrations were significantly associated with age, male gender, smoking and waist circumference. Adjusted for these determinants, depressed patients had significantly higher NGAL plasma levels compared to non-depressed comparison group. Depressed patients who did not meet full criteria for MDD in the month before sampling (partially remitted) had lower plasma NGAL levels compared with those who did. Subjects with a recurrent depression had higher plasma NGAL levels compared to those with a first episode. NGAL levels were neither related with specific symptom profiles of depression nor with antidepressant drug use. CONCLUSION Adjusted for confounders, NGAL plasma levels are increased in depressed older persons, without any effect of antidepressant medication and age of onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J W Naudé
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Naude PJW, Dobos N, van der Meer D, Mulder C, Pawironadi KGD, den Boer JA, van der Zee EA, Luiten PGM, Eisel ULM. Analysis of cognition, motor performance and anxiety in young and aged tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor 1 and 2 deficient mice. Behav Brain Res 2013; 258:43-51. [PMID: 24135018 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
TNF-α plays important functional roles in the central nervous system during normal physiological circumstances via intricate signaling mechanisms between its receptors, TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2). Although the roles of TNFR1 and TNFR2 in the diseased brain have received considerable attention, their functions on behavior and cognition in a non-inflammatory physiological aged environment are still unknown. In the present study we investigated the functional roles of TNFR1 and TNFR2 in learning and memory, motor performance and anxiety-like behavior via several behavioral and cognitive assessments in young and aged mice, deficient of either TNFR1 or TNFR2. Results from this study show that deletion of TNFR2 impairs novel object recognition, spatial memory recognition, contextual fear conditioning, motor performance and can increase anxiety-like behavior in young adult mice. Concerning the functions of TNFR1 and TNFR2 functioning in an aged environment, age caused memory impairment in spatial memory recognition independent of genotype. However, both young and aged mice deficient of TNFR2 performed poorly in the contextual fear conditioning test. These mice displayed decreased anxiety-like behavior, whereas mice deficient of TNFR1 were insusceptible to the effect of aging on anxiety-like behavior. This study provides novel knowledge on TNFR1 and TNFR2 functioning in behavior and cognition in young and aged mice in a non-inflammatory physiological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus J W Naude
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
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Kramer K, Schaudien D, Eisel ULM, Herzog S, Richt JA, Baumgärtner W, Herden C. TNF-overexpression in Borna disease virus-infected mouse brains triggers inflammatory reaction and epileptic seizures. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41476. [PMID: 22848506 PMCID: PMC3405098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Proinflammatory state of the brain increases the risk for seizure development. Neonatal Borna disease virus (BDV)-infection of mice with neuronal overexpression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) was used to investigate the complex relationship between enhanced cytokine levels, neurotropic virus infection and reaction pattern of brain cells focusing on its role for seizure induction. Viral antigen and glial markers were visualized by immunohistochemistry. Different levels of TNF in the CNS were provided by the use of heterozygous and homozygous TNF overexpressing mice. Transgenic TNF, total TNF (native and transgenic), TNF-receptor (TNFR1, TNFR2), IL-1 and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor subunit 2B (NR2B) mRNA values were measured by real time RT-PCR. BDV-infection of TNF-transgenic mice resulted in non-purulent meningoencephalitis accompanied by epileptic seizures with a higher frequency in homozygous animals. This correlated with lower weight gain, stronger degree and progression of encephalitis and early, strong microglia activation in the TNF-transgenic mice, most obviously in homozygous animals. Activation of astroglia could be more intense and associated with an unusual hypertrophy in the transgenic mice. BDV-antigen distribution and infectivity in the CNS was comparable in TNF-transgenic and wild-type animals. Transgenic TNF mRNA-expression was restricted to forebrain regions as the transgene construct comprised the promoter of NMDA-receptor subunit2B and induced up-regulation of native TNF mRNA. Total TNF mRNA levels did not increase significantly after BDV-infection in the brain of transgenic mice but TNFR1, TNFR2 and IL-1 mRNA values, mainly in the TNF overexpressing brain areas. NR2B mRNA levels were not influenced by transgene expression or BDV-infection. Neuronal TNF-overexpression combined with BDV-infection leads to cytokine up-regulation, CNS inflammation and glial cell activation and confirmed the presensitizing effect of elevated cytokine levels for the development of spontaneous epileptic seizures when exposed to additional infectious noxi.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Borna Disease/genetics
- Borna Disease/metabolism
- Borna Disease/pathology
- Borna disease virus/genetics
- Borna disease virus/metabolism
- Epilepsy/genetics
- Epilepsy/metabolism
- Epilepsy/pathology
- Epilepsy/virology
- Interleukin-18 Receptor alpha Subunit/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-18 Receptor alpha Subunit/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism
- Neuroglia/metabolism
- Neuroglia/pathology
- Neuroglia/virology
- Prosencephalon/metabolism
- Prosencephalon/pathology
- Prosencephalon/virology
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/biosynthesis
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Up-Regulation/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kramer
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Schaudien
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich L. M. Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sibylle Herzog
- Institute of Virology, Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Jürgen A. Richt
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States of America
| | | | - Christiane Herden
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Naudé PJW, Nyakas C, Eiden LE, Ait-Ali D, van der Heide R, Engelborghs S, Luiten PGM, De Deyn PP, den Boer JA, Eisel ULM. Lipocalin 2: novel component of proinflammatory signaling in Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2012; 26:2811-23. [PMID: 22441986 DOI: 10.1096/fj.11-202457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with an altered immune response, resulting in chronic increased inflammatory cytokine production with a prominent role of TNF-α. TNF-α signals are mediated by two receptors: TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2). Signaling through TNFR2 is associated with neuroprotection, whereas signaling through TNFR1 is generally proinflammatory and proapoptotic. Here, we have identified a TNF-α-induced proinflammatory agent, lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) via gene array in murine primary cortical neurons. Further investigation showed that Lcn2 protein production and secretion were activated solely upon TNFR1 stimulation when primary murine neurons, astrocytes, and microglia were treated with TNFR1 and TNFR2 agonistic antibodies. Lcn2 was found to be significantly decreased in CSF of human patients with mild cognitive impairment and AD and increased in brain regions associated with AD pathology in human postmortem brain tissue. Mechanistic studies in cultures of primary cortical neurons showed that Lcn2 sensitizes nerve cells to β-amyloid toxicity. Moreover, Lcn2 silences a TNFR2-mediated protective neuronal signaling cascade in neurons, pivotal for TNF-α-mediated neuroprotection. The present study introduces Lcn2 as a molecular actor in neuroinflammation in early clinical stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus J W Naudé
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Ostroveanu A, van der Zee EA, Eisel ULM, Schmidt M, Nijholt IM. Exchange protein activated by cyclic AMP 2 (Epac2) plays a specific and time-limited role in memory retrieval. Hippocampus 2011; 20:1018-26. [PMID: 19739231 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.20700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge on the molecular mechanisms involved in memory retrieval is limited due to the lack of tools to study this stage of the memory process. Here we report that exchange proteins activated by cAMP (Epac) play a surprisingly specific role in memory retrieval. Intrahippocampal injection of the Epac activator 8-pCPT-2'O-Me-cAMP was shown to improve fear memory retrieval in contextual fear conditioning whereas acquisition and consolidation were not affected. The retrieval enhancing effect of the Epac activator was even more prominent in the passive avoidance paradigm. Down-regulation of Epac2 expression in the hippocampal CA1 area impaired fear memory retrieval when the memory test was performed 72 h after training, but not when tested after 17 days. Our data thus identify an important time-limited role for hippocampal Epac2 signaling in cognition and opens new avenues to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying memory retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anghelus Ostroveanu
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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Dolga AM, Terpolilli N, Kepura F, Nijholt IM, Knaus HG, D'Orsi B, Prehn JHM, Eisel ULM, Plant T, Plesnila N, Culmsee C. KCa2 channels activation prevents [Ca2+]i deregulation and reduces neuronal death following glutamate toxicity and cerebral ischemia. Cell Death Dis 2011; 2:e147. [PMID: 21509037 PMCID: PMC3122061 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2011.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Exacerbated activation of glutamate receptor-coupled calcium channels and subsequent increase in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) are established hallmarks of neuronal cell death in acute and chronic neurological diseases. Here we show that pathological [Ca2+]i deregulation occurring after glutamate receptor stimulation is effectively modulated by small conductance calcium-activated potassium (KCa2) channels. We found that neuronal excitotoxicity was associated with a rapid downregulation of KCa2.2 channels within 3 h after the onset of glutamate exposure. Activation of KCa2 channels preserved KCa2 expression and significantly reduced pathological increases in [Ca2+]i providing robust neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo. These data suggest a critical role for KCa2 channels in excitotoxic neuronal cell death and propose their activation as potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Dolga
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Fachbereich Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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Abstract
Extensive research has been performed to unravel the mechanistic signaling pathways mediated by tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), by contrast there is limited knowledge on cellular signaling upon activation of TNFR2. Recently published data have revealed that these two receptors not only function independently, but also can influence each other via cross-talk between the different signaling pathways initiated by TNFR1 and TNFR2 stimulation. Furthermore, the complexity of this cross-talk is also dependent on the different signaling kinetics between TNFR1 and TNFR2, by which a delicate balance between cell survival and apoptosis can be maintained. Some known signaling factors and the kinetics that are involved in the receptor cross-talk between TNFR1 and TNFR2 are the topic of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus J W Naudé
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid M Nijholt
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Dolga AM, Culmsee C, de Lau L, Winter Y, Oertel WH, Luiten PGM, Eisel ULM. Statins--increasing or reducing the risk of Parkinson's disease? Exp Neurol 2010; 228:1-4. [PMID: 21111736 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amalia M Dolga
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany
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Abstract
In the present paper by David E. Hurtado and colleagues report on a new mouse model for AD bearing Aβ and MAPT pathology by crossing PS19 and PDAPP Tg mice. Here, we tried to highlight the importance and necessity of the critical and systematic analysis of models such as the Braak like staging in AD mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivica Granic
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, POB 14, 9728 AA Haren, The Netherlands
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Granic I, Nyakas C, Luiten PGM, Eisel ULM, Halmy LG, Gross G, Schoemaker H, Möller A, Nimmrich V. Calpain inhibition prevents amyloid-beta-induced neurodegeneration and associated behavioral dysfunction in rats. Neuropharmacology 2010; 59:334-42. [PMID: 20650285 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Revised: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Abeta) is toxic to neurons and such toxicity is - at least in part - mediated via the NMDA receptor. Calpain, a calcium dependent cystein protease, is part of the NMDA receptor-induced neurodegeneration pathway, and we previously reported that inhibition of calpain prevents excitotoxic lesions of the cholinergic nucleus basalis magnocellularis of Meynert. The present study reveals that inhibition of calpain is also neuroprotective in an in vivo model of Abeta oligomer-induced neurodegeneration in rats. Abeta-induced lesions of the nucleus basalis induced a significant decrease in the number of cholinergic neurons and their projecting fibers, as determined by analysis of choline-acetyltransferase in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis and cortical mantle of the lesioned animals. Treatment with the calpain inhibitor A-705253 significantly attenuated cholinergic neurodegeneration in a dose-dependent manner. Calpain inhibition also significantly diminished the accompanying neuroinflammatory response, as determined by immunohistochemical analysis of microglia activation. Administration of beta-amyloid markedly impaired performance in the novel object recognition test. Treatment with the calpain inhibitor, A-705253, dose-dependently prevented this behavioral deficit. In order to determine whether pre-treatment with the calpain inhibitor is necessary to exhibit its full protective effect on neurons we induced Abeta toxicity in primary neuronal cultures and administered A-705253 at various time points before and after Abeta oligomer application. Although the protective effect was higher when A-705253 was applied before induction of Abeta toxicity, calpain inhibition was still beneficial when applied up to 1h post-treatment. We conclude that inhibition of calpains may represent a valuable strategy for the prevention of Abeta oligomer-induced neuronal decline and associated cognitive deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivica Granic
- Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Haren, The Netherlands
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49
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Alves MM, Burzynski G, Delalande JM, Osinga J, van der Goot A, Dolga AM, de Graaff E, Brooks AS, Metzger M, Eisel ULM, Shepherd I, Eggen BJL, Hofstra RMW. KBP interacts with SCG10, linking Goldberg-Shprintzen syndrome to microtubule dynamics and neuronal differentiation. Hum Mol Genet 2010; 19:3642-51. [PMID: 20621975 PMCID: PMC7297230 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddq280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Goldberg–Shprintzen syndrome (GOSHS) is a rare clinical disorder characterized by central and enteric nervous system defects. This syndrome is caused by inactivating mutations in the
Kinesin Binding Protein (KBP)
gene, which encodes a protein of which the precise function is largely unclear. We show that
KBP
expression is up-regulated during neuronal development in mouse cortical neurons. Moreover, KBP-depleted PC12 cells were defective in nerve growth factor-induced differentiation and neurite outgrowth, suggesting that KBP is required for cell differentiation and neurite development. To identify KBP interacting proteins, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen and found that KBP binds almost exclusively to microtubule associated or related proteins, specifically SCG10 and several kinesins. We confirmed these results by validating KBP interaction with one of these proteins: SCG10, a microtubule destabilizing protein. Zebrafish studies further demonstrated an epistatic interaction between KBP and SCG10
in vivo
. To investigate the possibility of direct interaction between KBP and microtubules, we undertook co-localization and
in vitro
binding assays, but found no evidence of direct binding. Thus, our data indicate that KBP is involved in neuronal differentiation and that the central and enteric nervous system defects seen in GOSHS are likely caused by microtubule-related defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Alves
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Dobos N, Korf J, Luiten PGM, Eisel ULM. Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and major depression. Biol Psychiatry 2010; 67:503-4. [PMID: 20185031 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Dobos
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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