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Anjali, Vk G, Sarma L, Tripathi M, Verma MR, Verma V, Pathak MC, Samad HA, Maurya VP, Chouhan VS, Singh G. Thyroid hormone dynamics of Tharparkar and Sahiwal cattle during induced heat stress. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:57. [PMID: 36715891 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03477-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones and Cortisol level are the essential biomarkers in the assessment of stress condition. This study was done to estimate the metabolic hormonal profile of Tharparkar and Sahiwal during heat stress condition. The experiment was conducted on two groups consisting of Tharparkar and Sahiwal animals (5 in each group) and the experimental period comprised a 7-day acclimatization period, a heat exposure period of 21 days at control (25 °C), moderate (35 °C) and severe (42 °C) heat stress within a 9-10-day recovery period between each exposure. The hormonal concentrations of T3, T4 and cortisol were determined in serum. The serum concentration of Thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine (T3) decreases whereas cortisol level increases in both the breeds when subjected to heat stress. However, the serum level of T4 was significantly (p < 0.05) more declined in Sahiwal as compared to Tharparkar but there was no significant difference found between the two breeds in serum T3 levels. The cortisol levels were elevated in both breeds during heat stress but significantly (p < 0.05) more elevated in the Sahiwal. Hence, observations of these hormonal profiles suggest a better thermo-adaptability in Tharparkar as compared to Sahiwal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 UP, India
| | - Gururaj Vk
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 UP, India
| | - Lipika Sarma
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 UP, India
| | - M Tripathi
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 UP, India
| | - Med Ram Verma
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 UP, India
| | - Vinay Verma
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 UP, India
| | - M C Pathak
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 UP, India
| | - H A Samad
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 UP, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 UP, India
| | - V S Chouhan
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 UP, India
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122 UP, India.
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Kochewad SA, Gaur GK, Maurya VP, Bharti PK, Sahoo NR, Pandey HO, Singh M, Verma MR. Effect of milking environment enrichment through music on production performance and behaviour in cattle. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:219. [PMID: 35760924 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03217-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Enrichment of milking environment through music has been proposed to help animals to cope with divergent stressors. In sight of the above, a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Indian instrumental music-based environmental enrichment played in yaman raga on milk production performance and behaviour in cattle. A total of 21 lactating dairy cattle (Vrindavani crossbred cows) having similar parity and stage of lactation were selected in three groups - T1, T2 and T3, each consisting of seven animals. The T1 and T2 groups were exposed to instrumental flute and sitar, respectively, 10 min prior to the start of milking and continued till completion of milking; while the T3 group served as control. Musical enrichment of the environment was done using recorded-tape of flute and sitar was played in yamen raga at 40-60 (dB) decibel intensity. The results revealed a non-significant difference in milk yield, rectal temperature, respiration rate, T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) hormones. However, there exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) difference in milking time, milking speed, cortisol hormones and behavioural parameters such as milk let-down in the animals exposed to music compared to the control group. Thus, the results have significant implications relating to the behavioural fitness and welfare of dairy animals and reducing residual milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Kochewad
- ICAR-National Institute for Abiotic Stress Management, Baramati, Maharashtra, India.
| | - G K Gaur
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V P Maurya
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P K Bharti
- ICAR-Mahatma Gandhi Integrated Farming Research Institute, Motihari, India
| | - N R Sahoo
- ICAR-Directorate of Foot and Mouth Disease (ICFMD), Bhubaneswar, India
| | - H O Pandey
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M R Verma
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
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B. B, Mehrotra S, Veligatla T, Jena D, Ramamoorthy M, Gopi M, Maurya VP, Singh G, Kumar H, Narayanan K. Effect of high-energy diet supplemented with additional copper and zinc during the transition period on oxidative stress and postpartum reproductive performance in the crossbred cows. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1628399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan B.
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Sanjeev Mehrotra
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Tejaswai Veligatla
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Dayanidhi Jena
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Muthu Ramamoorthy
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Marappan Gopi
- Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Vijai Prakash Maurya
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Harendra Kumar
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Krishnaswamy Narayanan
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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Samad HA, Konyak YY, Latheef SK, Kumar A, Khan IA, Verma V, Chouhan VS, Verma MR, Maurya VP, Kumar P, Sarkar M, Singh G. Alpha lipoic acid supplementation ameliorates the wrath of simulated tropical heat and humidity stress in male Murrah buffaloes. Int J Biometeorol 2019; 63:1331-1346. [PMID: 31280374 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-019-01750-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A supplement which ameliorates temperature-humidity menace in food producing livestock is a prerequisite to develop climate smart agricultural packages. A study was conducted to investigate the heat stress ameliorative efficacy of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) in male Murrah water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Eighteen animals (293.61 ± 4.66Kg Bwt) were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 6); NHSC (non-heat-stressed control), HS (heat-stressed) and HSLA (heat-stressed-supplemented with ALA@32 mg/kg Bwt orally) based on the temperature humidity index (THI) and ALA supplementation. HS and HSLA were exposed to simulated heat challenge in a climatically controlled chamber (40 °C) for 21 consecutive days, 6 h daily. Physiological responses viz. Respiration rate (RR), Pulse rate (PR) and Rectal temperature (RT) were recorded daily before and after heat exposure. Blood samples were collected at the end of heat exposure on days 1, 6, 11, 16, and 21 and on day 28 (7th day post exposure which is considered as recovery) for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) separation, followed by RNA and Protein extraction for Real time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis respectively, of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Two-way repeated measure ANOVA was performed between groups at different experimental periods. RR (post exposure) in HS and HSLA was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than NHSC from day 1 onwards but HSLA varied significantly from the HS 8th day onwards. Post exposure RT and PR in both HS and HSLA varied (P < 0.05) from NHSC throughout the study; but between HS and HSLA, RT significantly varied on initial 2 days and last 6 days (from days 16 to 21). HSP70 mRNA expression significantly up regulated in high THI groups with respect to the low THI group throughout the experimental period. During chronic stress (days 16 and 21) HSP70 significantly (P < 0.05) increased in HS but not in HSLA (P > 0.05) with respect to NHSC. ALA supplementation up-regulates and sustains (P < 0.05) the expression of HSP90 in HSLA in comparison to the HS and NHSC. HSP105 expression was significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05) in HS on days 16 and 21 (during long-term exposure) but only on day 21 (P < 0.05) in HSLA. HSP70, HSP90, and HSP105 protein expression dynamics were akin to the mRNA transcript data between the study groups. In conclusion, supplementing ALA ameliorates the deleterious effect of heat stress as reflected by improved physiological and cellular responses. ALA supplementation improved cellular antioxidant status and sustained otherwise easily decaying heat shock responses which concertedly hasten the baton change from a limited window of thermo tolerance to long run acclimatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Samad
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Y Y Konyak
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S K Latheef
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Kumar
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - I A Khan
- Dolphin PG Institue of Biomedical & Natural Science, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - V Verma
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V S Chouhan
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M R Verma
- Division of Livestock economics and statistics, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Singh
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Paul A, Bharati J, Punetha M, Kumar S, Mallesh VG, Chouhan VS, Sonwane A, Bag S, Bhure SK, Maurya VP, Singh G, Whitworth KM, Sarkar M. Transcriptional Regulation of Thrombospondins and Its Functional Validation through CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Gene Editing in Corpus Luteum of Water Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis). Cell Physiol Biochem 2019; 52:532-552. [PMID: 30897320 DOI: 10.33594/000000038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Thrombospondins (TSPs) are large multi-modular proteins, identified as natural angiogenesis inhibitors that exert their activity by binding to CD36 and CD47 receptors. The anti-angiogenic effect of TSPs in luteal regression of water buffalo has not been addressed. The present study characterized the expression pattern and localization of TSPs and their receptors in ovarian corpus luteum during different stages of development in buffalo. This study also elucidated the effect of exogenous Thrombospondin1 (TSP1) or the knocking out of the endogenous protein on luteal cell viability and function. Further, the in vitro transcriptional interaction of TSP1 with hormones, LH, PGF2α and angiogenic growth factors, VEGF and FGF2 were also evaluated. METHODS First, the CLs were classified into four groups based on macroscopic observation and progesterone concentration. mRNA expression of examined factors was measured by qPCR, localization by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. TSP1 was knocked out (KO) in cultured luteal cells isolated from late luteal stage CLs (day 1116) by CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene editing technology in order to functionally validate the TSP1 gene. Isolated cells from late stage CLs were also stimulated with different doses of TSP1, LH, PGF2α, VEGF and FGF2 for various time intervals to determine transcriptional regulation of thrombospondins. RESULTS mRNA expression of TSPs and their receptors were found to be significantly higher in late and regressed stage of CL as compared to other groups which was consistent with the findings of immunoblotting and immunolocalization experiments. It was observed that TSP1 induced apoptosis, down regulated angiogenic growth factors, VEGF and FGF2 and attenuated progesterone production in cultured luteal cells. However, knocking out of endogenous TSP1 with CRISPR/Cas9 system improved the viability of luteal cells, progesterone synthesis and upregulated the expression of VEGF and FGF2 in the KO luteal cells. PGF2α induced the upregulation of TSPs and Caspase 3 transcripts, whereas treatment with LH and angiogenic growth factors (VEGF and FGF2) down regulated the TSP system in luteal cells. CONCLUSION Collectively, these data provide evidence that thrombospondins along with their receptors are expressed at varying levels in different stages of CL progression with maximum expression during the late and regressing stages. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that thrombospondins stimulated by PGF2α plays an essential modulatory role in bringing about structural and functional luteolysis in buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avishek Paul
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Physiology & Climatology Division, Bareilly, India
| | - Jaya Bharati
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Physiology & Climatology Division, Bareilly, India
| | - Meeti Punetha
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Physiology & Climatology Division, Bareilly, India
| | - Sai Kumar
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Physiology & Climatology Division, Bareilly, India
| | - Vidyalakshmi G Mallesh
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Physiology & Climatology Division, Bareilly, India
| | - Vikrant S Chouhan
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Physiology & Climatology Division, Bareilly, India
| | - Arvind Sonwane
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Division of Animal Genetics, Bareilly, India
| | - Sadhan Bag
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Physiology & Climatology Division, Bareilly, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Bhure
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Division of Biochemistry, Bareilly, India
| | - Vijai Prakash Maurya
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Physiology & Climatology Division, Bareilly, India
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Physiology & Climatology Division, Bareilly, India
| | - Kristin M Whitworth
- University of Missouri-Columbia, Division of Animal Science, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mihir Sarkar
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Physiology & Climatology Division, Bareilly, India,
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Rajesh G, Mishra SR, Paul A, Punetha M, Vidyalakshmi GM, Narayanan K, Bag S, Bhure SK, Singh Chouhan V, Maurya VP, Singh G, Sarkar M. Transcriptional and translational abundance of Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2, 4, 6, 7 and their receptors BMPR1A, 1B and BMPR2 in buffalo ovarian follicle and the role of BMP4 and BMP7 on estrogen production and survival of cultured granulosa cells. Res Vet Sci 2018; 118:371-388. [PMID: 29684814 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BMPs and their receptors modulate the granulosa cell (GC) function in the follicle of domestic animals. Since little is known on BMPs in the buffalo, the present study was aimed to investigate the expression of BMP2, 4, 6, 7 and their receptors BMPR1A, BMPR1B, BMPR2 in the GC and theca cells (TC) of ovarian follicles and the role of BMP4 and BMP7 on buffalo GC. Follicles were classified into four groups based on size and E2 level in the follicular fluid as follows: (i) Group1(4-6 mm; <0.5 ng/mL) (ii) Group 2 (7-9 mm; 0.5-5 ng/mL) (iii) Group 3 (10-13 mm; 5-40 ng/mL) and (iv) Group 4 (dominant follicle) (>13 mm; >180 ng/mL). The results revealed that except BMP6, BMP2, 4 7 and receptors BMPR1A, BMPR1B and BMPR2 showed a minimum of 1.5-2 fold increase in mRNA expression in the GC of dominant follicle as compared to other follicle classes. In the dominant follicle, a two-fold increase in BMP4 and BMP7 expression was observed in the TC. At 100 ng/mL, the BMP4 and BMP7 either alone or in combination maximally down-regulated CASPASE3 and stimulated the transcripts of PCNA, FSHR and CYP19A1 that was supported by E2 secretion in the granulosa cell culture suggesting their role in cell survival and E2 production. In conclusion, GC and TC of dominant follicles express BMP 2, 4, 6, 7 and their receptors BMPR1A, BMPR1B and BMPR2. BMP4 and BMP7 stimulate E2 production and promote GC survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rajesh
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India; Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Tirunelveli, India
| | - S R Mishra
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - A Paul
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - M Punetha
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - G M Vidyalakshmi
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - K Narayanan
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - S Bag
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - S K Bhure
- Animal Biochemistry division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - V Singh Chouhan
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Mihir Sarkar
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India.
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Khatti A, Mehrotra S, Patel PK, Singh G, Maurya VP, Mahla AS, Chaudhari RK, Das GK, Singh M, Sarkar M, Kumar H, Krishnaswamy N. Supplementation of vitamin E, selenium and increased energy allowance mitigates the transition stress and improves postpartum reproductive performance in the crossbred cow. Theriogenology 2017; 104:142-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Maurya VP, Sejian V, Kumar D, Naqvi SMK. Biological ability of Malpura rams to counter heat stress challenges and its consequences on production performance in a semi-arid tropical environment. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2017.1381451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijai Prakash Maurya
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Tonk, India
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Veerasamy Sejian
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Tonk, India
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, India
| | - Davendra Kumar
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Tonk, India
| | - S. M. K. Naqvi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Tonk, India
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Bharati J, Dangi SS, Bag S, Maurya VP, Singh G, Kumar P, Sarkar M. Expression dynamics of HSP90 and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms during heat stress acclimation in Tharparkar cattle. Int J Biometeorol 2017; 61:1461-1469. [PMID: 28265771 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-017-1323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Six male Tharparkar cattle of 2-3 years old were selected for the study. After 15-day acclimation at thermoneutral zone (TNZ) in psychrometric chamber, animals were exposed at 42 °C for 6 h up to 23 days followed by 12 days of recovery period. Blood samples were collected during control period at TNZ (days 1, 5, and 12), after heat stress exposure (day 1, immediate heat stress acclimation (IHSA); days 2 to 10, short-term heat stress acclimation (STHSA); days 15 to 23, long-term heat stress acclimation (LTHSA); days 7 and 12, recovery period), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated for RNA and protein extraction. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression in PBMCs were determined by qPCR and western blot, respectively. Samples at TNZ were taken as control. The mRNA expression of HSP90, iNOS, and eNOS was significantly upregulated (P < 0.05) on day 1 (ISHA) as compared to control, remained consistent during STHSA, again increased during LTHSA, and finally reduced to basal level during recovery period. The protein expression of HSP90, iNOS, and eNOS were akin to their transcript pattern. PBMC culture study was conducted to study transcriptional abundance of HSP90, iNOS, and eNOS at different temperature-time combinations. The present findings indicate that HSP90, iNOS, and eNOS could possibly play an important role in mitigating thermal insults and confer thermotolerance during long-term heat stress exposure in Tharparkar cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Bharati
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - S S Dangi
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - S Bag
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - P Kumar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
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Bharati J, Dangi SS, Chouhan VS, Mishra SR, Bharti MK, Verma V, Shankar O, Yadav VP, Das K, Paul A, Bag S, Maurya VP, Singh G, Kumar P, Sarkar M. Expression dynamics of HSP70 during chronic heat stress in Tharparkar cattle. Int J Biometeorol 2017; 61:1017-1027. [PMID: 27995321 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-016-1281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Six male Tharparkar cattle aged 2-3 years were selected for the study. The animals were acclimatized in the psychrometric chamber at thermoneutral zone (TNZ) for 15 days and then exposed to 42 °C temperature up to 23 days followed by 12 days of recovery period. Physiological responses were estimated, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated at TNZ on day 1, day 5, and day 12; after 6 h of heat stress exposure on day 16 to day 20, day 25, day 30, day 32, day 34, day 36, and day 38; and a recovery period on day 45 and day 50. The PBMCs were cultured to study the effect of thermal challenge on HSP70 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression pattern at different temperature-time combinations. The mRNA and protein expression of HSP70 in PBMCs along with serum extracellular HSP70 (eHSP70) was increased (P < 0.05) and showed two peaks on day 17 and day 32 (2nd and 17th days of thermal challenge, respectively). The HSP70 mRNA expression was increased (P < 0.05) in a temperature- and time-dependent manner in heat stress challenge treatment as compared to control in cultured PBMCs. HSP70 expression was found to be higher (P < 0.05) after 10 days of heat exposure (corresponds to chronic heat stress) as compared to the first 5 days of heat stress (corresponds to short-term heat stress) and control period at TNZ. The present findings indicate that HSP70 is possibly involved in heat stress adaptive response in Tharparkar cattle and the biphasic expression pattern may be providing a second window of protection during chronic heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Bharati
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - S S Dangi
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - V S Chouhan
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - S R Mishra
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - M K Bharti
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - V Verma
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - O Shankar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - V P Yadav
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - K Das
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - A Paul
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - S Bag
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - P Kumar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India.
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Mishra SR, Bharati J, Rajesh G, Chauhan VS, Taru Sharma G, Bag S, Maurya VP, Singh G, Sarkar M. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) synergistically promote steroidogenesis and survival of cultured buffalo granulosa cells. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 179:88-97. [PMID: 28238531 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the combined effect of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) on estradiol (E2) secretion and relative abundance of mRNA for aromatase enzyme (CYP19A1), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and BCL-2 associated X protein (BAX) in cultured buffalo granulosa cells (GCs). Follicles were isolated and classified into four groups based on size and E2 concentration in follicular fluid (FF): Small, 4-6mm diameter, E2<0.5ng/ml; Medium, 7-9mm, E2=0.5-5ng/ml; Large, 10-13mm, E2=5-40ng/ml; Preovulatory (PFs), >14mm, E2>180ng/ml. The GCs of PF were cultured in 24 well cell culture plates and allowed to become 75-80% confluent. Then cultured GCs were treated with FGF2 (200ng/ml) and VEGF-A (100ng/ml) separately and in combination for three incubation periods (24, 48 and 72h). Estradiol secretion was greater in GCs treated with FGF2+VEGF-A compared to FGF2 or VEGF-A at all incubation periods and was greatest (P<0.05) at 72h of incubation. The relative abundance of CYP19A1 and PCNA mRNA were relatively consistent with the amount E2 secretion. In contrast, the relative abundance of Bax mRNA was less in GCs treated with the combination of FGF2 and VEGF-A as compared to either FGF2 or VEGF-A alone and the least concentration (P<0.05) was at 72h of incubation. Findings with use of immunocytochemistry of cells treated with these factors were consistent to the relative abundance of mRNA transcript for the factor. The present findings indicate that FGF2 and VEGF-A may function in a synergistic manner to promote steroidogenesis and survival of cultured buffalo GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Mishra
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Jaya Bharati
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - G Rajesh
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - V S Chauhan
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - G Taru Sharma
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - S Bag
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India.
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12
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Subeikshanan V, Dutt A, Basu D, Tejus MN, Maurya VP, Madhugiri VS. A prospective comparative clinical study of peripheral blood counts and indices in patients with primary brain tumors. J Postgrad Med 2017; 62:86-90. [PMID: 27089106 PMCID: PMC4944356 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.180551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevation of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been shown to be an indicator of poor prognosis in many malignancies including recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. OBJECTIVES This study was aimed at assessing if the NLR and other leukocyte counts and indices were deranged in treatment-naïve patients with primary brain tumors when compared with an age-matched healthy control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective comparative clinical observational study by design. A healthy control population was compared with treatment-naïve patients diagnosed with intra- and extraaxial brain tumors. Leukocyte counts (neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, and basophil counts) as well as leukocyte ratios such as the NLR and the monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were calculated. We also evaluated if the counts and indices were related to the tumor volume. RESULTS In all patients with tumors, the platelet and neutrophil counts were elevated when compared to the controls. In contrast, monocyte counts and the MLR were found to be decreased in patients with tumors when compared to the controls. The subset of patients with glioblastoma showed a significant increase in NLR when compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS Significant changes in the neutrophil, monocyte, and platelet counts as well as NLR and MLR were observed. Prospective longitudinal studies are required to determine the prognostic and therapeutic implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - V S Madhugiri
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
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13
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Rajesh G, Paul A, Mishra SR, Bharati J, Thakur N, Mondal T, Soren S, Harikumar S, Narayanan K, Chouhan VS, Bag S, Das BC, Singh G, Maurya VP, Sharma GT, Sarkar M. Expression and functional role of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) in cyclical corpus luteum in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 240:198-213. [PMID: 27815159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The role of growth factors in the modulation of ovarian function is an interesting area of research in reproductive biology. Recently, we have shown the expression and role of IGF, EGF, VEGF and FGF in the follicle and CL. Here, we report the presence of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) and their functional receptors in the corpus luteum (CL) of buffalo. The bubaline CL was classified into four stages according to the morphology and progesterone (P4) concentration. The qPCR, immunoblot and immunohistochemistry studies revealed that BMP2 and BMP Receptors (BMPR1A, BMPR1B and BMPR2) were significantly upregulated during the mid stage whereas BMP4 and BMP7 were upregulated during the early stage of CL (P<0.05). Studies on primary luteal cell culture (LCC) using mid CL showed a significant time and concentration dependent effect of BMP4 and BMP7 (P<0.05). At 100ngml-1, the BMPs maximally stimulated the transcripts of StAR, CYP11A1 and 3βHSD that paralleled with P4 accretion in the media (P<0.05). Further, the BMP4 as well as BMP7 upregulated the transcripts of PCNA and downregulated CASPASE3 in the LCC at the same concentration (P<0.05). Though the combined effect of BMP4 and 7 was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of individual one, it was not additive. In conclusion, the expression of BMPs and their receptors were dependent on the stages of CL in the buffalo. Treatment of LCC with BMPs in vitro confirmed the presence of functional receptors that stimulated the P4 production and luteal cell survival. Moreover, the results support the concept that the upregulation of P4 and its biosynthetic pathway enzymes such as CYP11A1, StAR and 3βHSD in the CL is likely due to the autocrine and /or paracrine effects of BMP4 and BMP7 under physiological milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rajesh
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Avishek Paul
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - S R Mishra
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Jaya Bharati
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Nipuna Thakur
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Tanmay Mondal
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Sanjhali Soren
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - S Harikumar
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243122, India
| | - K Narayanan
- Animal Reproduction Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - V S Chouhan
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Sadhan Bag
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - B C Das
- Eastern Regional Station, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Kolkatta 700037, India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - G Taru Sharma
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Mihir Sarkar
- Physiology & Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India.
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14
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Reshma R, Mishra SR, Thakur N, Parmar MS, Somal A, Bharti MK, Pandey S, Chandra V, Chouhan VS, Verma MR, Singh G, Sharma GT, Maurya VP, Sarkar M. Modulatory role of leptin on ovarian functions in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Theriogenology 2016; 86:1720-39. [PMID: 27381558 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the modulatory role of leptin on bubaline granulosa cells (GCs) and luteal cells (LCs) functions using an in vitro cell culture system and to establish a cross talk between leptin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). GCs were collected from group IV follicles (>13 mm size) and LCs from mid-luteal phase corpus luteum and were grown in serum-containing media supplemented with leptin at three different dose rates (0.1, 1, and 10 ng/mL) and time durations (24, 48, and 72 hours). We evaluated the production and secretion of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) using RIA and the mRNA expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STARD1), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage (CYP11A1), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19A1), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), steroidogenic factor-1 (SF1), anti-apoptotic gene PCNA, pro-apoptotic gene caspase 3 and endothelial cell marker, Von Willebrand factor (vWF), using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results depicted a direct inhibitory action of leptin on GCs steroidogenesis in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05), whereas in the presence of IGF-1 the inhibitory effect was reverted. Furthermore, leptin augmented both cellular proliferation (PCNA) and apoptosis (caspase 3). On the other hand, in LCs, leptin alone showed an apparent stimulatory effect on steroidogenesis (P < 0.05); however, in the presence of IGF-1, an antagonistic effect was witnessed. Moreover, leptin had an inhibitory effect on apoptosis while promoted cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. These findings were further strengthened by immunocytochemistry. To conclude, these observations for the first time reported that in buffaloes leptin has a direct dose-, time-, and tissue-dependent effect on ovarian steroidogenesis, angiogenesis, and cytoprotection, and furthermore, it can regulate the effect of systemic factors like IGF-1. Hence, this in vitro study provides an insight into the putative roles of leptin alone and its interactions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Reshma
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S R Mishra
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N Thakur
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M S Parmar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Somal
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M K Bharti
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Pandey
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V Chandra
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V S Chouhan
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M R Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G T Sharma
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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15
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Maurya VP, Sejian V, Kumar D, Naqvi SMK. Impact of heat stress, nutritional restriction and combined stresses (heat and nutritional) on growth and reproductive performance of Malpura rams under semi-arid tropical environment. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 100:938-46. [PMID: 26718122 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted to assess the combined effect of heat stress and nutritional restriction on growth and reproductive performances in Malpura rams. Twenty-eight adult Malpura rams (average body weight (BW) 66.0 kg) were used in this study. The rams were divided into four groups: CON (n = 7; control), HES (n = 7; heat stress), NUS (n = 7; nutritional stress) and COS (n = 7; combined stress). The study was conducted for a period of 2 months. CON and HES rams had ad libitum access to their feed while NUS and COS rams were under restricted feed (30% intake of CON rams) to induce nutritional stress. The HES and COS rams were kept in climatic chamber at 42 °C and 55% relative humidity for 6 h a day between 10 : 00 h and 16 : 00 h to induce heat stress. Body weight increased significantly (p < 0.05) in CON as compared to NUS and COS. When compared within groups, scrotal width morning, scrotal width afternoon, scrotal circumference morning and scrotal circumference afternoon were significantly (p < 0.05) larger in CON while smaller in COS rams. The higher testicular length was recorded both during morning (p < 0.05) and afternoon (p < 0.01) in COS rams while the lowest in NUS rams. The highest plasma testosterone concentration was recorded in CON and lowest in COS rams. Semen volume and mass motility also differed significantly (p < 0.05) between the groups. The highest semen volume and mass motility was recorded in CON and NUS while lowest in both HES and COS rams. It can be concluded from this study that when two stressors occur simultaneously, they may have severe impact on reproductive performance of rams.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Maurya
- Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - V Sejian
- Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India.
| | - D Kumar
- Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
| | - S M K Naqvi
- Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
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Kumar A, Mehrotra S, Singh G, Maurya VP, Narayanan K, Mahla AS, Chaudhari RK, Singh M, Soni YK, Kumawat BL, Dabas SK, Srivastava N. Supplementation of Slow-Release Melatonin Improves Recovery of Ovarian Cyclicity and Conception in Summer Anoestrous Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 51:10-7. [PMID: 26566713 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The role of melatonin as a protective neurohormone against restoring cyclicity in summer anoestrous animals in photoperiod species has gained wider acceptance. This study was designed to uncover the evidence the slow-release melatonin (MLT) has on initiation of ovarian cyclicity and conception rate (CR) in summer anoestrous buffaloes. Thus, buffaloes diagnosed as summer anoestrous (absence of overt signs of oestrus, concurrent rectal examination and radioimmunoassay for serum progesterone at 10 days interval) were grouped as untreated (Group I, sterilized corn oil, n = 8) and treated (Group II, single subcutaneous injection of MLT @18 mg/50 kg bwt in sterilized corn oil, n = 20). Animals treated and detected in oestrus were artificially inseminated (AI) followed by division into Group III (second dose of MLT on 5th day post-AI, n = 8) and Group IV (no melatonin administration, n = 10). Blood samples were collected at 4 days interval for estimation of serum MLT, progesterone and oestrogen using radioimmunoassay kit. Mean oestrous induction rate (OIR), oestrous induction interval (OII), interoestrous interval (IOI) and CR were estimated. Compared to control, concentration of melatonin was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in treated group ranging from 14.34 ± 1.72 to 412.31 ± 14.47 pg/ml whereas other two hormones did not show any concentration difference. Melatonin-administered buffaloes showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher (90%) OIR with OII of 18.06 ± 1.57 days. Results showed improvement in conception rate in buffaloes administered with post-insemination melatonin. It can be concluded from the study that slow-release melatonin supplementation restored cyclicity in summer anoestrous animals resulting in improvement in conception rate in buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumar
- Division of Animal Production, ICAR Res Complex for NEH Region, Umiom, Meghalaya, India
| | - S Mehrotra
- AI Laboratory, LPM, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - G Singh
- Division of Climatology and Physiology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Division of Climatology and Physiology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - K Narayanan
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - A S Mahla
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - R K Chaudhari
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - M Singh
- Division of Animal Production, ICAR Res Complex for NEH Region, Umiom, Meghalaya, India
| | - Y K Soni
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
| | - B L Kumawat
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, UP, India
| | - S K Dabas
- Division of Animal Production, ICAR Res Complex for NEH Region, Umiom, Meghalaya, India
| | - N Srivastava
- Semen Freezing Laboratory, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, UP, India
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17
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Dangi SS, Gupta M, Dangi SK, Chouhan VS, Maurya VP, Kumar P, Singh G, Sarkar M. Expression of HSPs: an adaptive mechanism during long-term heat stress in goats (Capra hircus). Int J Biometeorol 2015; 59:1095-1106. [PMID: 25348887 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-014-0922-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Menacing global rise in surface temperature compelled more focus of research over understanding heat stress response mechanism of animals and mitigation of heat stress. Twenty-four goats divided into four groups (n = 6) such as NHS (non-heat-stressed), HS (heat-stressed), HS + VC (heat-stressed administered with vitamin C), and HS + VE + Se (heat-stressed administered with vitamin E and selenium). Except NHS group, other groups were exposed to repeated heat stress (42 °C) for 6 h on 16 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected at the end of heat exposure on days 1, 6, 11, and 16. When groups compared between days, expression of all heat shock proteins (HSPs) showed a similar pattern as first peak on day 1, reached to basal level on the sixth day, and followed by second peak on day 16. The relative messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of HSP 60, HSP70, and HSP90 was observed highest (P < 0.05) in HS group, followed by antioxidant-administered group on days 1 and 16, which signifies that antioxidants have dampening effect on HSP expression. HSP105/110 expression was highest (P < 0.05) on day 16. We conclude that HSP expression pattern is at least two-peak phenomenon, i.e., primary window of HSP protection on the first day followed by second window of protection on day 16. HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 play an important role during the initial phase of heat stress acclimation whereas HSP105/110 joins this cascade at later phase. Antioxidants may possibly attenuate the HSP expression by reducing the oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyaveer Singh Dangi
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
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18
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Tandiya U, Nagar V, Yadav VP, Ali I, Gupta M, Dangi SS, Hyder I, Yadav B, Bhakat M, Chouhan VS, Khan FA, Maurya VP, Sarkar M. Temporal changes in pregnancy-associated glycoproteins across different stages of gestation in the Barbari goat. Anim Reprod Sci 2013; 142:141-8. [PMID: 24148280 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize the temporal profile of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs; isoforms 1-11) across different stages of gestation in the Barbari goat. Placentae were collected from local abattoir, classified according to crown rump length of the corresponding foetus into five groups (0-30, 31-60, 61-90, 91-120, and 121-150 days of gestation), and used for relative quantification of mRNA expression by Pfaffl method. In addition, adult female goats (pregnant, n = 7; non-pregnant, n = 5) were used to estimate weekly plasma PAG and progesterone (P4) concentrations. The relative mRNA expression of PAGs was greater (p<0.05) during 31-60 days of gestation, which correlated well with the temporal changes in plasma PAG concentrations. Relative expression of PAGs decreased steadily as gestation advanced with minimum expression observed just before parturition, except for PAG-4 and PAG-8 that showed constantly higher expression throughout pregnancy. Plasma PAG and P4 concentrations showed a distinct temporal pattern with a significant increase beginning at 2 weeks and return to basal levels by 20 weeks of gestation. However, PAG concentrations reached a peak earlier in gestation (8 weeks) than P4 (10-14 weeks). Correlation analysis indicated a strong positive association (r = 0.748, p<0.01) between plasma PAG and P4 concentrations. In conclusion, results of this study indicate a distinct temporal pattern of PAG expression and secretion during gestation in the Barbari goat. The temporal changes in PAGs and the positive association with P4 are suggestive of their role in maintenance of pregnancy and progressive foetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjawala Tandiya
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
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Sejian V, Maurya VP, Kumar K, Naqvi SMK. Effect of multiple stresses on growth and adaptive capability of Malpura ewes under semi-arid tropical environment. Trop Anim Health Prod 2012; 45:107-16. [PMID: 23011669 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-012-0180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted to assess the effect of multiple stresses (thermal, nutritional, and walking stress) on the adaptive capability of Malpura ewes in terms of changes in physiological mechanisms and blood biochemical changes. The study was conducted for a period of 35 days covering two estrous cycles during summer season (April-May). The ewes were randomly allocated into two groups of 12 animals each, viz., GI (n = 12; control) and GII (n = 12; multiple stresses). GI ewes were maintained in the shed while GII ewes were subjected to multiple stresses. GI ewes were maintained in shed while GII ewes were subjected to heat stress by exposing them to 32-44 °C (average 42 °C) and RH of 12-26 % for 6 h from 10:00 to 16:00 h in natural environment. GI ewes were provided with ad libitum feeding while GII ewes were provided with restricted feed (30 % of intake of GI ewes) to induce nutritional stress. Further, GII ewes were subjected to walking stress by forcing them to walk 14 km in two spans between 9:00 and 10:30 h and 15:00 and 16:30 h. Blood collection was done at weekly intervals. Multiple stresses significantly (P < 0.01) affected body weight, respiration rate, pulse rate, rectal temperature, sweating rate, tri-iodo-thyronine, thyroxine, cortisol, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, glucose, and total protein. The findings from this experiment provide useful information to understand the ideal nutrient requirement for these animals to adapt to such stresses in the semi-arid tropical environment without compromising production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerasamy Sejian
- Adaptation Physiology Laboratory, Division of Physiology & Biochemistry, Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Via-Jaipur, Rajasthan, 304501, India.
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Maurya VP, Sejian V, Kumar D, Naqvi SMK. Effect of induced body condition score differences on sexual behavior, scrotal measurements, semen attributes and endocrine responses in Malpura rams under hot semi-arid environment. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2010; 94:e308-17. [PMID: 20626503 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01012.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V P Maurya
- Adaptation Physiology Laboratory, Division of Physiology & Biochemistry, Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India
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Sejian V, Maurya VP, Naqvi SMK. Effect of thermal stress, restricted feeding and combined stresses (thermal stress and restricted feeding) on growth and plasma reproductive hormone levels of Malpura ewes under semi-arid tropical environment. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2010; 95:252-8. [PMID: 20796074 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01048.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted to assess the effect of thermal, nutritional and combined stresses (thermal and nutritional) on the growth, oestradiol and progesterone levels during oestrus cycles in Malpura ewes. Twenty-eight adult Malpura ewes were used in the present study. The ewes were randomly allocated into four groups, viz., GI (n=7; control), GII (n=7; thermal stress), GIII (n=7; restricted feeding) and GIV (n=7; combined stress). The animals were stall fed with a diet consisting of 60% roughage and 40% concentrate. GI and GII ewes were provided with ad libitum feeding while GIII and GIV ewes were provided with restricted feed (30% intake of GI and GII ewes) to induce nutritional insufficiency. GII and GIV ewes were kept in climatic chamber at 40°C and 55% RH for 6 h a day between 10:00 and 16:00 hours to induce thermal stress for a period of two oestrous cycles. Parameters studied were body weight, oestrus incidences, plasma oestradiol 17-β, plasma progesterone, conception rate, gestation period, lambing rate, and birth weight of lambs. The results indicate that combined stress significantly (p<0.05) reduced body weight, oestrus duration, birth weight of lambs, and oestradiol 17-β whereas significantly (p < 0.05) increased oestrus cycle length and progesterone. Furthermore, the results reveal that on comparative basis, ewes were able to better adapt in terms of growth and reproduction to restricted feeding than thermal stress. However, when restricted feeding was coupled with thermal stress it had significant (p<0.05) influence on body weight, average daily gain, oestradiol 17-β and progesterone concentrations. This showed that combined stress were more detrimental for these reproductive hormones in Malpura ewes under a hot semi-arid environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sejian
- Adaptation Physiology Laboratory, Division of Physiology & Biochemistry, Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India
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Sejian V, Maurya VP, Naqvi SMK. Adaptability and growth of Malpura ewes subjected to thermal and nutritional stress. Trop Anim Health Prod 2010; 42:1763-70. [PMID: 20571921 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-010-9633-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted to assess the effect of combined stresses (thermal and nutritional) on physiological adaptability and growth performance of Malpura ewes. Twenty-eight adult Malpura ewes (average BW 33.56 kg) were used in the present study. The ewes were divided into four groups, viz., GI (n=7; control), GII (n=7; thermal stress), GIII (n=7; nutritional stress), and GIV (n=7; combined stress). The animals were stall-fed with a diet consisting of 60% roughage and 40% concentrate. GI and GII ewes were provided with ad libitum feeding, while GIII and GIV ewes were provided with restricted feed (30% intake of GI ewes) to induce nutritional stress. GII and GIV ewes were kept in climatic chamber at 40 °C and 55% RH for 6 h/day between 1000 and 1600 hours to induce thermal stress. The study was conducted for a period of two estrus cycles. The parameters studied were feed intake, water intake, physiological responses (viz., respiration rate, pulse rate, and rectal temperature), body weight, and body condition scoring (BCS) of ewes. Both thermal and combined stress significantly (P<0.05) affected the feed intake, water intake, respiration rate, and rectal temperature. The feeding schedule followed in the experiment significantly (P<0.05) altered the body weight and BCS between the groups. The results reveal that when compared with thermal stress, nutritional stress had less significant effect on the parameters studied. However, when both these stresses were coupled, it had a significant influence on all the parameters studied in these ewes. It can be concluded from this study that when two stressors occur simultaneously, the total cost may have severe impact on biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerasamy Sejian
- Adaptation Physiology Laboratory, Division of Physiology & Biochemistry, Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Tonk District, Rajasthan, 304501, India.
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Naqvi SMK, Joshi A, Gulyani R, Kumar D, Kolte AP, Kumar S, Maurya VP, Saha S, Mittal JP, Singh VK. Production of prolific microsheep by embryo transfer into large non-prolific sheep. Vet Rec 2006; 159:522-6. [PMID: 17041066 DOI: 10.1136/vr.159.16.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The Garole is a prolific breed of microsheep that possesses the FecB gene, which increases ovulation rate. The purpose of this study was to compare embryo production by multiple ovulation in seven Garole ewes with that in seven normal size, non-prolific Malpura ewes, and assess the influence of the large body size of Awassi crossbred recipient ewes on the birth-weight of Garole lambs. Oestrus was synchronised with two intramuscular injections of 7.5 mg prostaglandin F(2alpha) administered 10 days apart. The donor ewes were superovulated by the use of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin and follicle-stimulating hormone. The onset and duration of oestrus were similar in both breeds. The Garole donors had higher total mean (se) ovarian responses (15.6 [3.6] v 9.1 [2.3]), ovulation rate (13.6 [3.1] v 8.4 [2.2]) and produced more transferable embryos (6.0 [3.5] v 4.0 [0.9]) than the Malpura donors, but the differences were not statistically significant. The Garole lambs produced by embryo transfer were on average 57.8 per cent heavier at birth than contemporary Garole lambs produced by natural mating.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M K Naqvi
- Division of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Avikanagar, via Jaipur, Rajasthan 304501, India
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Naqvi SMK, Gulyani R, Joshi A, Maurya VP, Kumar D, Mittal JP, Singh VK. Production of 24 transferable embryos in one flush by a Garole microsheep. Vet Rec 2006; 158:414-5. [PMID: 16565342 DOI: 10.1136/vr.158.12.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M K Naqvi
- Division of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Avikanagar, via Jaipur, Rajasthan 304501, India
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