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Mezza F, Mezzalira S, Pizzo R, Maldonato NM, Bochicchio V, Scandurra C. Minority stress and mental health in European transgender and gender diverse people: A systematic review of quantitative studies. Clin Psychol Rev 2024; 107:102358. [PMID: 37995435 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed at systematically reviewing evidence on the relationships between gender minority stress and mental health outcomes among European transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals. A systematic search was conducted in PsycINFO, PubMED, Scopus, and Google Scholar. It was based on Boolean operators to combine terms related to minority stress, TGD identities, and mental health. Thirty studies were identified as eligible. The results confirmed that gender minority stress factors are significantly related with mental health problems among European TGD individuals. Distal stressors were identified as strongly associated with poorer mental health, with gender-related discrimination emerging as the most documented risk factor. The significant role of proximal stressors was also highlighted, with some mediation analyses detecting an indirect effect on mental health. However, identity concealment appeared unrelated to mental health outcomes. Resilience-promoting factors buffering the impact of stressors were also identified, including self-esteem, pride, transitioning, and social support. Conversely, data on community connectedness as a source of resilience were inconclusive. The studies reviewed have several limitations, including lack of longitudinal designs, sampling bias, variability in measurement methods, and unaccounted ethnic variables. Research and clinical recommendations in this field are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Mezza
- SInAPSi Center, University of Naples Federico II, Via Giulio Cesare Cortese 29, Napoli 80133, Italy
| | - Selene Mezzalira
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci Cubo 18/C, Rende 87036, Italy.
| | - Rosa Pizzo
- SInAPSi Center, University of Naples Federico II, Via Giulio Cesare Cortese 29, Napoli 80133, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80133, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci Cubo 18/C, Rende 87036, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80133, Italy.
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Di Bello F, Pezone G, Muzii B, Cilio S, Ruvolo CC, Scandurra C, Mocini E, Creta M, Morra S, Bochicchio V, Salzano G, Vaira LA, Mangiapia F, Motta G, Maldonato NM, Longo N, Cantone E, Califano G. Lower urinary tract symptoms in young-middle aged males with a diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Neurourol Urodyn 2024; 43:144-152. [PMID: 38010890 DOI: 10.1002/nau.25338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the current study is to measure the prevalence and the potential role of International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) score as a predictor of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in male experienced lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). METHODS A cross-sectional web-based Italian survey was administered via Google Forms between July 17 and October 31, 2022. The urinary functioning was measured through the IPSS questionnaire. Specifically, we considered symptoms occurring more than "about half the time" (score ≥ 3) as bothering symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression models (LRMs) adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), International Index of Erectile Function-5, IPSS, and hypertension were fitted to predict OSAS in the cohort of men responding to the survey and experiencing LUTS. RESULTS Overall, 58 (24.4%) patients had a confirmed diagnosis of OSAS. The overall median IPSS was 5 (inter quartile range [IQR]: 3-8), respectively. According to IPSS items, 24 (10%), 44 (18.4%), 12 (5%), 12 (5%), 12 (5%), 11 (4.6%), 63 (26.4%) patients exhibit incomplete bladder emptying, urinary frequency, intermittency, urgency, weak stream, straining, nocturia with a score ≥ 3, respectively. After multivariable LRMs predicting the developing OSAS, age (odds ratio [OR]: 1.09, p < 0.001), BMI (OR:1.12, p < 0.001) and IPSS total score (OR:1.08, p = 0.02) were independent predicting factors. CONCLUSION This analysis revealed that the IPSS total score, age, and BMI are independent predictors of OSAS in males. In this context, the use of IPSS in daily practice could be helpful in assessing the LUTS presence and in supporting physicians to identify a hidden sleep apnea condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Bello
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Pezone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Benedetta Muzii
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Cilio
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Collà Ruvolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Edoardo Mocini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Creta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Morra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Salzano
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University Hospital of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Angelo Vaira
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Francesco Mangiapia
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Motta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Longo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Cantone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Califano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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Di Bello F, Scandurra C, Muzii B, Colla’ Ruvolo C, Califano G, Mocini E, Creta M, Napolitano L, Morra S, Fraia A, Bochicchio V, Salzano G, Vaira LA, Mangiapia F, Motta G, Motta G, Maldonato NM, Longo N, Cantone E. Are Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms the Triggering Link for Mental Imbalance? An Exploratory Post Hoc Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6965. [PMID: 38002580 PMCID: PMC10672561 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12226965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) could negatively impair the patients' quality of life, increasing the sensitivity to psychological distress that results in mental health disorders. The relationships of both urinary and respiratory domains with psychological distress in obstructive sleep apnea patients is still underestimated. METHODS This study was a post hoc analysis of a web-based Italian survey, which included 1998 participants. Three hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses with psychological distress as dependent variable were performed on the study of 1988 participants enrolled in the final analysis. Cohen's f2 was used for the assessment of the effect size. RESULTS From the hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses, it emerged that the final statistical model (including sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, perceived urinary function, and excessive daytime sleepiness) for all dimensions accounted for 16.7% of the variance in psychological distress, with a medium effect size (f2 = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS People reported psychological distress was impaired by the presence of LUTS and EDS. Specifically, our study showed that higher levels of distress were scored especially in young women exhibiting urinary symptoms and with high values of daytime sleepiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Bello
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Benedetta Muzii
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Claudia Colla’ Ruvolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Gianluigi Califano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Edoardo Mocini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Massimiliano Creta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Simone Morra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Agostino Fraia
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Salzano
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, University Hospital of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Luigi Angelo Vaira
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Francesco Mangiapia
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Gaetano Motta
- ENT Unit, Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Giovanni Motta
- ENT Unit, Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Nicola Longo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
| | - Elena Cantone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.D.B.); (C.S.); (C.C.R.); (G.C.); (M.C.); (L.N.); (S.M.); (A.F.); (F.M.); (N.M.M.); (N.L.); (E.C.)
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Santamaria F, Scandurra C, Mezzalira S, Bochicchio V, Salerno M, Di Mase R, Capalbo D. Unmet Needs of Pediatricians in Transgender-Specific Care: Results of a Short-Term Training. Horm Res Paediatr 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37748459 DOI: 10.1159/000533551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate (i) the knowledge about different dimensions of sexual identity in a group of family pediatricians and (ii) the efficacy of a training program to improve knowledge and reduce genderism and heteronormativity. METHODS A pre-post-follow-up study was conducted with 96 Italian pediatricians (48 men and 48 women) who participated in a 6-h training program and divided into 2 sections. The first section was theoretical and focused on the conceptual foundations of sexual identity, the depathologizing approach to gender diversity, and the role of pediatricians as the first contacts of children's or adolescents' family. The second part was experiential and included the presentation of a clinical case and the activation of a group reflection on the management of gender-diverse youth. Knowledge about sexual identity, genderism, and heteronormativity was measured. RESULTS Pre-training questionnaires revealed that the mean score of knowledge about sexual identity was 7.13 ± 3.21. One-way within-subject ANOVA revealed significant effects from pre- to post-training and from pre- to follow-up assessment but not from post-training to follow-up assessment, suggesting that significant changes in the knowledge about sexual identity (F = 39.75, p < 0.001), in personal biases related to genderism (F = 7.46, p < 0.01), and in heteronormative attitudes (F = 44.99, p < 0.001) and behaviors (F = 79.29, p < 0.001) were achieved through the training and maintained at follow-up. CONCLUSION These findings indicate the importance of training pediatricians to work with gender-diverse youth and provide them with the best clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Santamaria
- Department of Mother and Child, Paediatric Endocrinology Unit/University Hospital Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Selene Mezzalira
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | | | - Mariacarolina Salerno
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Mase
- Department of Mother and Child, Paediatric Endocrinology Unit/University Hospital Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Donatella Capalbo
- Department of Mother and Child, Paediatric Endocrinology Unit/University Hospital Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Scandurra C, Mezzalira S, Aviani S, Lastra V, Bochicchio V, Zapparella R, Saccone G, Maldonato NM, Locci M. Perinatal depression during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in a single prenatal clinic in Southern Italy: The role of loneliness, anxiety, and maternal support. J Affect Disord Rep 2023; 13:100585. [PMID: 37152681 PMCID: PMC10141786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The current study aimed at assessing the levels of perinatal depression (i.e., both antenatal and postnatal) during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in a group of Italian women, as well as to evaluate the role of loneliness, anxiety, and lack of maternal support in cumulatively predicting perinatal depression. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 Italian women recruited during a peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy (i.e., from September to December 2021) from a single prenatal clinic in Southern Italy. A non-parametric binomial test was conducted to assess whether the perinatal depression frequencies of the current sample differed from those found in a pre-Covid reference group. Additionally, hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses assessing whether loneliness, anxiety, and maternal support affected women's perinatal depression were also conducted. Results The general prevalence of perinatal depression was significantly higher in participants recruited during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-Covid reference group (29% vs. 9.2%). However, results showed that, contrary to postnatal depression (18.2% vs. 19.9%), only the prevalence of antenatal depression was significantly higher compared to the pre-Covid reference group (39.6% vs. 6.4%). Furthermore, loneliness and anxiety, but not maternal support, were associated with higher levels of PD. Limitations Limitations concerned the cross-sectional nature of the study and the relatively small sample size. Conclusions This study sheds light on the need to address perinatal mental health of women during major stressful events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80133, Italy
| | - Selene Mezzalira
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci Cubo 18/C, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Silvia Aviani
- Intradepartmental Program of Clinical Psychology, Federico II University Hospital, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80133, Italy
| | - Valeria Lastra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80133, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci Cubo 18/C, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - Rosanna Zapparella
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80133, Italy
| | - Gabriele Saccone
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80133, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80133, Italy
| | - Mariavittoria Locci
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Napoli 80133, Italy
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Di Bello F, Napolitano L, Abate M, Collà Ruvolo C, Morra S, Califano G, Capece M, Creta M, Scandurra C, Muzii B, Di Nola C, Bochicchio V, Nocini R, Abbate V, Maldonato NM, Dell'Aversana Orabona G, Longo N, Cantone E. "Nocturia and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A systematic review". Sleep Med Rev 2023; 69:101787. [PMID: 37167825 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Lower urinary tract symptoms represent a significant public health problem worldwide, impairing patients' quality of life, especially in elderly people. Among LUTS, nocturia is assessed as the most experienced entity related to several disorders such as sleep disorders and/or obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Among OSAS patients, nocturia stands as a bothersome symptom that increases alongside with the OSAS severity. However, despite the nocturia and OSAS shared a long-acknowledged link, the causes, and the pathophysiology for development of nocturia in OSAS have remained largely unexamined. Generally, the patients with OSAS experienced nocturia due to easy waking or increased bladder filling. However, nor the effect of treatment on management of nocturia in OSAS patients are well-established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Bello
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Marco Abate
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Claudia Collà Ruvolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Simone Morra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Gianluigi Califano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy.
| | - Marco Capece
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Massimiliano Creta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Benedetta Muzii
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Claudio Di Nola
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Nocini
- Unit of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Department, University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Abbate
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | | | - Nicola Longo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Elena Cantone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
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Scandurra C, Esposito C, Fantacci F, Borrello L, Bochicchio V, Giunti D, Antonelli P. Social Support, Identity Affirmation, and Psychological Well-Being: A Developmental and Intersectional Comparison between Italian Cisgender and Non-Binary People with Bisexual Orientation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3237. [PMID: 36833931 PMCID: PMC9964463 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating the perspectives of positive psychology, intersectionality, and life course into minority stress theory, this study aimed to examine the relationships between social support, identity affirmation, and psychological well-being among 483 Italian individuals with bisexual orientation, accounting for differences in gender identity (cisgender vs. non-binary) and age groups (young, early, and middle adult). A mediation model was tested in which identity affirmation served as a presumed mediator between social support and psychological well-being. We also examined whether gender identity and age group moderated the hypothesized associations. Multivariate ANOVA and multigroup mediation analyses were conducted. Results showed that (a) cisgender individuals had higher social support and psychological well-being than non-binary individuals, but not identity affirmation, which was higher in the latter group, (b) psychological well-being, but not social support and identity affirmation, differed between groups, with the youngest cohort reporting worse health than their elders, (c) identity affirmation mediated the relationship between social support and psychological well-being, (d) mediation was significant only in binary individuals (compared to cisgender), whereas no age differences were found. Overall, this study highlights the need to consider bisexual individuals as a nonhomogeneous population living multiple life experiences, especially when minority identities intersect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Esposito
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Borrello
- Centro Integrato di Sessuologia Clinica Il Ponte, 50136 Florence, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Daniel Giunti
- Centro Integrato di Sessuologia Clinica Il Ponte, 50136 Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonelli
- Centro Integrato di Sessuologia Clinica Il Ponte, 50136 Florence, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Psychology and Psychiatry Unit, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
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8
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Carraturo F, Di Perna T, Giannicola V, Nacchia MA, Pepe M, Muzii B, Bottone M, Sperandeo R, Bochicchio V, Maldonato NM, Scandurra C. Envy, Social Comparison, and Depression on Social Networking Sites: A Systematic Review. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:364-376. [PMID: 36826211 PMCID: PMC9955439 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to review the evidence for the reciprocal relationship between envy and social comparison (SC) on social networking sites (SNSs) and depression. We searched PsychINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science from January 2012 to November 2022, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A total of 9 articles met our inclusion criteria. In all articles reviewed, a simple correlation was found between SC on SNSs, envy, and depression. Three cross-sectional studies successfully tested a model with envy as a mediator between SNSs and depression. The moderating role of additional variables such as self-efficacy, neuroticism, SC orientation, marital quality, and friendship type was also evident. The only two studies that were suitable to determine direction found that depression acted as a predictor rather than an outcome of SC and envy, and therefore depression might be a relevant risk factor for the negative emotional consequences of SNSs use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Carraturo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Tiziana Di Perna
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Viviana Giannicola
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Marco Alfonso Nacchia
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Marco Pepe
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Benedetta Muzii
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mario Bottone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Sperandeo
- School of Integrated Gestalt Psychotherapy—SIPGI, 80058 Torre Annunziata, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3341523239
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9
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Gasparro R, Di Spirito F, Cangiano M, De Benedictis A, Sammartino P, Sammartino G, Bochicchio V, Maldonato NM, Scandurra C. A Cross-Sectional Study on Cognitive Vulnerability Patterns in Dental Anxiety: The Italian Validation of the Dental Fear Maintenance Questionnaire (DFMQ). Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2298. [PMID: 36767665 PMCID: PMC9915921 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dental anxiety is a crucial problem for dentistry because it may represent a significant risk to oral health. Within the framework of the Cognitive Vulnerability Model (CVM), which sheds light on the cognitive vulnerability patterns that may cause dental anxiety, this study aimed to assess the psychometric characteristics of the Italian version of the Dental Fear Maintenance Questionnaire (DFMQ). The DFMQ is a 32-item questionnaire that assesses four cognitive vulnerability patterns, i.e., dangerousness, disgust, unpredictability, and uncontrollability. In a sample of 200 dental patients who had accessed public-university-hospital dental surgery, this study assessed the model fit of the DFMQ and different types of validity (i.e., predictive, convergent, construct, and discriminant validity). In addition, potential differences between DFMQ dimensions were assessed based on gender (men vs. women) and age ranges. All indicators of cognitive vulnerability were significantly associated with high dental anxiety when each variable was included independently. In contrast, when the DFMQ subscales were considered together, only unpredictability and uncontrollability were found to be associated with high dental anxiety. Women had higher scores for unpredictability, uncontrollability, and general dangerousness than men. In addition, older patients had higher scores for some vulnerability cognitive patterns than younger patients. This study provides Italian dentists and researchers with a valid questionnaire to assess cognitive factors associated with dental anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Gasparro
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Di Spirito
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Mario Cangiano
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Arianna De Benedictis
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Sammartino
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gilberto Sammartino
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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10
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López-Sáez MÁ, Angulo-Brunet A, Platero LR, Bochicchio V, Lecuona O. Attitudes towards Trans Men and Women in Spain: An Adaptation of the ATTMW Scale. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1872. [PMID: 36767239 PMCID: PMC9914429 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This article presents the results of the adaptation and validation of the Attitudes Toward Trans Men and Women (ATTMW) scale-a measure capable of detecting transphobic positions towards trans men and women-in the Spanish context. A total of 310 prospective teachers from different stages of education participated in the study on its adaptation. In order to provide quantitative evidence of validity, confirmatory factor analysis and regression analysis with different constructs and sociodemographic variables were carried out. Internal consistency reliability was adequate. The study demonstrated that the ATTMW is a psychometrically sound instrument for the assessment of attitudes towards trans people, especially with items that categorize trans women and men as second-class people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ariadna Angulo-Brunet
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucas R. Platero
- Department of Psychology, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata, Italy
| | - Oscar Lecuona
- Department of Psychology, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
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11
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Mezzalira S, Scandurra C, Mezza F, Miscioscia M, Innamorati M, Bochicchio V. Gender Felt Pressure, Affective Domains, and Mental Health Outcomes among Transgender and Gender Diverse (TGD) Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review with Developmental and Clinical Implications. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:ijerph20010785. [PMID: 36613106 PMCID: PMC9819455 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Although capable of mobilizing significant resilience factors to face stigma and discrimination, transgender and gender diverse (TGD) children and adolescents tend to suffer from more adverse mental health outcomes compared to their cisgender counterparts. The minority stressors that this population faces are mainly due to the gender-based pressure to conform to their assigned gender. This systematic review was aimed at assessing the potential mental health issues that affect the TGD population. The literature search was conducted in three databases; namely, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, based on the PRISMA guidelines. The 33 articles included in the systematic review pointed out how TGD children and adolescents experience high levels of anxiety and depression, as well as other emotional and behavioral problems, such as eating disorders and substance use. Resilience factors have been also pointed out, which aid this population in facing these negative mental health outcomes. The literature review highlighted that, on the one hand, TGD individuals appear to exhibit high levels of resilience; nonetheless, health disparities exist for TGD individuals compared with the general population, which are mainly attributable to the societal gender pressure to conform to their assigned gender. Considerations for research and clinical practice are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene Mezzalira
- Department of Humanities, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mezza
- SInAPSi Center, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Miscioscia
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Innamorati
- Department of History, Cultural Heritage, Education, and Society, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanities, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Correspondence:
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12
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Garro M, Novara C, Di Napoli G, Scandurra C, Bochicchio V, Lavanco G. The Role of Internalized Transphobia, Loneliness, and Social Support in the Psychological Well-Being of a Group of Italian Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Youths. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:2282. [PMID: 36421606 PMCID: PMC9690355 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) youth represent a highly resilient community capable of successfully overcoming adverse life circumstances, they still face social stigma that negatively impacts their health, being at risk of developing negative feelings toward their own TGNC identity (i.e., internalized transphobia). A poorly investigated dimension in TGNC health research is perceived loneliness. Thus, within the minority stress theory, the present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of loneliness and the moderating role of social support in the relationship between internalized transphobia and psychological well-being among 79 Italian TGNC youths aged 18 to 30-years-old who participated in an online survey. The main results show that loneliness partially mediated the relationship between internalized transphobia and psychological well-being. In addition, social support emerged as a significant moderator, as the impact of internalized transphobia on psychological well-being decreased at moderate and high levels of social support, but not at low levels. The findings have significant implications for clinical practice and psychosocial interventions to reduce the impact of internalized stigma and stress on psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Garro
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Cinzia Novara
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Di Napoli
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Lavanco
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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13
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Scandurra C, Zapparella R, Policastro M, Continisio GI, Ammendola A, Bochicchio V, Maldonato NM, Locci M. Obstetric violence in a group of Italian women: socio-demographic predictors and effects on mental health. Cult Health Sex 2022; 24:1466-1480. [PMID: 34463607 DOI: 10.1080/13691058.2021.1970812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study had two aims: (1) to explore the types and incidence of obstetric violence (OV) in a group of Italian women, as well as associated socio-demographic factors; and (2) to assess whether OV affects women's mental health (e.g. psychological distress and post-traumatic stress). A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 282 Italian women. Women answered questions on socio-demographic factors, childbirth characteristics, OV and mental health. Multiple linear regression analyses assessing the predictive role of socio-demographic and childbirth characteristics on OV were conducted. Additionally, hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses assessing whether OV affected women's mental health were also carried out. More than three quarters of the sample (78.4%) had experienced at least one type of OV (55.5% of non-consented care and 66.4% of abuse and violence). The factors most associated with OV were younger age, low educational level, not having attended a prenatal childbirth preparedness course, and having given birth naturally. The form of OV that most affected women's mental health was that linked to abuse and violence rather than non-consented care. Study findings shed light into addressing OV from a multidimensional perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosanna Zapparella
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marilina Policastro
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Ammendola
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariavittoria Locci
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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14
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Scandurra C, Pizzo R, Pinto LE, Cafasso C, Pellegrini R, Cafaggi F, D’Anna O, Muzii B, Bochicchio V, Maldonato NM. Emotion Dysregulation and Conspiracy Beliefs about COVID-19: The Moderating Role of Critical Social Media Use. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:1559-1571. [PMID: 36286093 PMCID: PMC9601468 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12100109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As COVID-19 has spread worldwide, conspiracy theories have proliferated rapidly on social media platforms, adversely affecting public health. For this reason, media literacy interventions have been highly recommended, although the impact of critical social media use on the development of COVID-19 conspiracy theories has not yet been empirically studied. Moreover, emotional dysregulation may play another crucial role in the development of such theories, as they are often associated with stress, anxiety, lack of control, and other negative emotions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that emotion dysregulation would be positively associated with conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 and that critical use of social media would attenuate this association. Data from 930 Italian participants (339 men and 591 women) were collected online during the third wave of the COVID-19 outbreak. A moderated model was tested using the PROCESS Macro for SPSS. Results showed that: (1) emotion dysregulation and critical social media use accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19; and (2) critical social media use moderated the effect of emotion dysregulation on conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19. Implications for preventing the spread of conspiracy theories are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-334-15-23-239
| | - Rosa Pizzo
- Intradepartmental Program of Clinical Psychology Federico II, University Hospital, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luca Emanuel Pinto
- Intradepartmental Program of Clinical Psychology Federico II, University Hospital, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudia Cafasso
- Intradepartmental Program of Clinical Psychology Federico II, University Hospital, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Renata Pellegrini
- Intradepartmental Program of Clinical Psychology Federico II, University Hospital, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Federica Cafaggi
- Intradepartmental Program of Clinical Psychology Federico II, University Hospital, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Oriana D’Anna
- Intradepartmental Program of Clinical Psychology Federico II, University Hospital, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Benedetta Muzii
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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15
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Masala C, Cavazzana A, Sanna F, Cecchini MP, Zanini A, Gasperi F, Menghi L, Endrizzi I, Borgogno M, Drago S, Cantone E, Ciofalo A, Macchi A, Monti G, Parma V, Piochi M, Pinna I, Torri L, Cabrino G, Ottaviano G, Pendolino AL, Pignatelli A, Pighin F, Bochicchio V, Motta G, Fontana G, Pasquariello B, Cavaliere C, Iacono V, Hummel T. Correlation between olfactory function, age, sex, and cognitive reserve index in the Italian population. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2022; 279:4943-4952. [PMID: 35211821 PMCID: PMC8869341 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07311-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Loss of smell decreases the quality of life and contributes to the failure in recognizing hazardous substances. Given the relevance of olfaction in daily life, it is important to recognize an undiagnosed olfactory dysfunction to prevent these possible complications. Up to now, the prevalence of smell disorders in Italy is unknown due to a lack of epidemiological studies. Hence, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in a sample of Italian adults. Methods Six hundred and thirty-three participants (347 woman and 286 men; mean age 44.9 years, SD 17.3, age range 18–86) were recruited from 10 distinct Italian regions. Participants were recruited using a convenience sapling and were divided into six different age groups: 18–29 years (N = 157), 30–39 years (N = 129), 40–49 years (N = 99), 50–59 years (N = 106), > 60 years (N = 142). Olfactory function, cognitive abilities, cognitive reserve, and depression were assessed, respectively, with: Sniffin’ Sticks 16-item Odor Identification Test, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Cognitive Reserve Index, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Additionally, socio-demographic data, medical history, and health-related lifestyle information were collected. Results About 27% of participants showed an odor identification score < 12 indicating hyposmia. Multiple regression analysis revealed that OI was significantly correlated with age, sex, and cognitive reserve index, and young women with high cognitive reserve index showing the highest olfactory scores. Conclusion This study provides data on the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in different Italian regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Masala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SP8 Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Smell and Taste Clinic, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Annachiara Cavazzana
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Smell and Taste Clinic, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fabrizio Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SP8 Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Cecchini
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Alice Zanini
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 8, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Flavia Gasperi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, San Michele All'Adige, 38010, Trento, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento/Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Leonardo Menghi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, San Michele All'Adige, 38010, Trento, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento/Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Trento, Italy
- Department of Technology and Innovation, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Isabella Endrizzi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, San Michele All'Adige, 38010, Trento, Italy
| | | | | | - Elena Cantone
- Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, Unit of Ear, Nose and Throat, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciofalo
- Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, Unit of Ear, Nose and Throat, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Macchi
- ORL Clinica, University of Insubria and Varese, ASST Settelaghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Giulia Monti
- ORL Clinica, University of Insubria and Varese, ASST Settelaghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Valentina Parma
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market Street, Philadelphia, 19104, USA
| | - Maria Piochi
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Pollenzo, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Ilenia Pinna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, SP8 Cittadella Universitaria Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luisa Torri
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Pollenzo, Cuneo, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Angela Pignatelli
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Faride Pighin
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano Motta
- Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical and Emergency Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgia Fontana
- Geriatric Unit A, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Cavaliere
- Unit of Rhinology, Department of Organi di Senso, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Iacono
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Smell and Taste Clinic, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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16
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Scandurra C, Carbone A, Baiocco R, Mezzalira S, Maldonato NM, Bochicchio V. Gender Identity Milestones, Minority Stress and Mental Health in Three Generational Cohorts of Italian Binary and Nonbinary Transgender People. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:9057. [PMID: 34501646 PMCID: PMC8430636 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) people experience high rates of minority stress and associated risk for negative health outcomes. However, during the last years, significant positive socio-cultural changes have happened, and younger cohorts of TGNC individuals are having diverse experiences compared to older cohorts. By integrating the minority stress theory and the life course perspective, this cross-sectional, web-based study aimed to explore in 197 Italian TGNC people aged 18 to 54 years (M = 29.82, SD = 9.64) whether the average ages of gender identity milestones (i.e., first insights about being TGNC, self-labeling as a TGNC person, and coming out), minority stress, and mental health vary among three generational cohorts (i.e., Generation Z, Millennials, and Generation X). Compared with older cohorts, younger participants: (a) were more likely to be in the trans-masculine spectrum; (b) self-labeled as TGNC and came out earlier; (c) had more negative expectations and lower levels of disclosure; and (d) had higher levels of mental health problems. No generational differences related to first insights about being TGNC and distal minority stressors were found. Furthermore, compared with binary individuals, participants with a non-binary identity: (a) reported later ages for the gender identity milestones; (b) had higher negative expectations; and (c) had higher levels of mental health problems. Overall, our findings indicated that changes in the social environments have a limited impact on stigmatization processes and mental health of Italian TGNC people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Agostino Carbone
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Roberto Baiocco
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Selene Mezzalira
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, 35139 Padova, Italy;
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy;
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Scandurra C, Bochicchio V, Dolce P, Valerio P, Muzii B, Maldonato NM. Why people were less compliant with public health regulations during the second wave of the Covid-19 outbreak: The role of trust in governmental organizations, future anxiety, fatigue, and Covid-19 risk perception. Curr Psychol 2021; 42:7403-7413. [PMID: 34276170 PMCID: PMC8276685 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Trust in governmental organizations is a crucial factor in terms of encouraging people to conform to public health regulations, such as those recommended to slow down the spread of SARS-CoV-2. However, trust in governmental organizations tends to decline over time, reducing the compliance with public health regulations. This study aimed at exploring, first, the role of future anxiety and fatigue as serial mediators of the relationship between trust in governmental organizations and protective behaviors, and, secondly, the role of Covid-19 risk perception as a moderator between fatigue and protective behaviors. A total of 948 Italian participants (302 males and 646 females), ranged from 18 to 80 years (M = 27.20, SD = 11.01), answered an online survey during the second wave of the Covid-19 outbreak. A moderated serial mediation model was performed using a structural equation modeling. The results indicate that: (1) a higher trust in Italian governmental organizations was associated with a greater compliance in terms of adopting protective behaviors; (2) a lower trust in Italian governmental organizations increased anxiety about the future which, in turn, raised levels of fatigue, leading, finally, to a reduction in the levels of protective behaviors; and (3) as the perceived risk related to Covid-19 increased, the effect of fatigue on protective behaviors decreased. The findings of the current study may provide indications for public health policy on how to increase compliance with the recommended behaviors to be adopted in order to decrease the spread of the SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, Via Ponte Bucci Cubo 18/C, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Pasquale Dolce
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Valerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Benedetta Muzii
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Porta di Massa 1, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Scandurra C, Gasparro R, Dolce P, Bochicchio V, Muzii B, Sammartino G, Marenzi G, Maldonato NM. The role of cognitive and non-cognitive factors in dental anxiety: A mediation model. Eur J Oral Sci 2021; 129:e12793. [PMID: 33945646 PMCID: PMC8453836 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dental anxiety is a crucial problem for dentistry because it may represent a significant risk to oral health. Different factors, whether non‐cognitive (e.g., traumatic dental events) or cognitive (e.g., the patient's subjective perceptions), may cause dental anxiety. However, previous studies have assessed these factors as independent predictors of dental anxiety, without providing any exploration of potential mediational pathways. The current study assessed the role of certain cognitive dimensions (i.e., the dentist's perceived professionalism and communicational attitudes, and the patient's perceived lack of control) as mediators between traumatic dental events and dental anxiety. The sample comprised 253 patients who had accessed a public university hospital dental surgery. The mediation analysis used a structural equation modeling. Traumatic dental events were positively associated with dental anxiety but, among the cognitive factors, only lack of control was. Furthermore, lack of control mediated the relationship between traumatic dental events and dental anxiety, although this mediation was only partial. This study sheds light on the mechanisms through which non‐cognitive and cognitive factors may affect dental anxiety. The clinical implications for dental practice, in terms of improving the psychological well‐being of patients, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberta Gasparro
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Pasquale Dolce
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Benedetta Muzii
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gilberto Sammartino
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gaetano Marenzi
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Bochicchio V, Winsler A, Pagliaro S, Pacilli MG, Dolce P, Scandurra C. Negative Affectivity, Authoritarianism, and Anxiety of Infection Explain Early Maladjusted Behavior During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Front Psychol 2021; 12:583883. [PMID: 33732177 PMCID: PMC7959709 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.583883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the first phase of the COVID-19 outbreak, Italy experienced problems of public order and maladjusted behavior. This study assessed the role of negative affectivity, right-wing authoritarianism, and anxiety of COVID-19 infection in explaining a variety of the maladjusted behaviors (i.e., “China-phobic” discrimination, panic buying) observed with an Italian sample. Specifically, we examined the effect of Negative Affectivity and Right-Wing Authoritarianism on maladjusted behaviors, and the moderating role of anxiety of infection. Seven hundred and fifty-seven Italian participants completed an online survey between March 3rd to the 7th 2020, which was immediately before the lockdown. A moderated-mediation model was tested using a structural equation modeling approach. Results indicated that both Negative Affectivity and Right-Wing Authoritarianism were positively associated with COVID-19-related maladjusted behavior, and that Right-Wing Authoritarianism mediated the relationship between Negative Affectivity and maladjusted behavior. Furthermore, the effect of Right-Wing Authoritarianism on maladjusted behavior was greater for those with high anxiety of infection, and the indirect effect of Negative Affectivity on maladjusted behavior through Right-Wing Authoritarianism was moderated by infection anxiety. Findings highlight potential psychological paths that may inform communication strategies and public health initiatives aimed at promoting healthy behavior during an outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanities, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Adam Winsler
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | - Stefano Pagliaro
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Pasquale Dolce
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Gasparro R, Scandurra C, Maldonato NM, Dolce P, Bochicchio V, Valletta A, Sammartino G, Sammartino P, Mariniello M, di Lauro AE, Marenzi G. Perceived Job Insecurity and Depressive Symptoms among Italian Dentists: The Moderating Role of Fear of COVID-19. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E5338. [PMID: 32722202 PMCID: PMC7432196 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Containment measures adopted to reduce the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have produced a general perception of job insecurity. Dentists have been highly affected by such measures, as they represent an easy source of contagion. As perceived job insecurity is associated with psychological distress and Italian dentists have been highly affected by the COVID-19 outbreak in terms of potential financial loss and the risk of being infected, this study aimed at assessing whether the fear of COVID-19 moderated the effect of perceived job insecurity on depressive symptoms. This cross-sectional online study has included 735 Italian dentists recruited during the lockdown and ranging in age from 27 to 70 years old (495 men and 240 women). A quantile regression model with an inference based on the median and with an interaction term between the fear of COVID-19 and perceived job insecurity has been used to estimate the hypothesized associations. The results indicated that both perceived job insecurity and fear of COVID-19 were positively associated with depressive symptoms, and that the effect of perceived job insecurity on depressive symptoms was weaker among those with a low fear of COVID-19. The findings may inform public health policies for dentists in relation to reducing the risk of developing negative mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Gasparro
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.M.); (A.V.); (A.E.d.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.M.); (A.V.); (A.E.d.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.M.); (A.V.); (A.E.d.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Pasquale Dolce
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Valletta
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.M.); (A.V.); (A.E.d.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Gilberto Sammartino
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.M.); (A.V.); (A.E.d.L.); (G.M.)
| | | | | | - Alessandro Espedito di Lauro
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.M.); (A.V.); (A.E.d.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Gaetano Marenzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.M.); (A.V.); (A.E.d.L.); (G.M.)
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Scandurra C, Bochicchio V, Dolce P, Caravà C, Vitelli R, Testa RJ, Balsam KF. The Italian validation of the gender minority stress and resilience measure. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity 2020. [DOI: 10.1037/sgd0000366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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22
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Bochicchio V, Winsler A. The psychology of olfaction: A theoretical framework with research and clinical implications. Psychol Rev 2020; 127:442-454. [DOI: 10.1037/rev0000183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Scandurra C, Dolce P, Vitelli R, Esposito G, Testa RJ, Balsam KF, Bochicchio V. Mentalizing stigma: Reflective functioning as a protective factor against depression and anxiety in transgender and gender-nonconforming people. J Clin Psychol 2020; 76:1613-1630. [PMID: 32222104 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study examined the role of internalized transphobia (IT) as a mediator between gender-related rejection and mental health, and reflective functioning (or mentalization) as a resilience factor moderating the relationship between both rejection and IT with mental health. METHOD This online study included 203 Italian transgender and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) individuals ranged in age from 18 to 66 years old (M = 30.70; standard deviation = 10.79). Moderated-mediation analysis was performed using a structural equation modeling approach. RESULTS Both rejection and IT were positively associated with mental health, and IT mediated the relationship between rejection and mental health. Mentalization moderated the relationship between rejection and IT with mental health. The indirect effect of rejection on mental health through IT was moderated by mentalization. CONCLUSIONS Findings highlight psychological paths that may inform individual- and group-level mentalization-based interventions to reduce minority stress in TGNC individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Pasquale Dolce
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Vitelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanna Esposito
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Rylan J Testa
- Center for LGBTQ Evidence-Based Applied Research (CLEAR), Palo Alto University, El Cerrito, California
| | - Kimberly F Balsam
- Department of Psychology, Center for LGBTQ Evidence-Based Applied Research (CLEAR), Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, California
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Scandurra C, Vitelli R, Maldonato N, Valerio P, Bochicchio V. A qualitative study on minority stress subjectively experienced by transgender and gender nonconforming people in Italy. Sexologies 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sexol.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Scandurra C, Mezza F, Maldonato NM, Bottone M, Bochicchio V, Valerio P, Vitelli R. Health of Non-binary and Genderqueer People: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1453. [PMID: 31293486 PMCID: PMC6603217 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-binary and genderqueer (NBGQ) people are those who do not identify within the gender binary system (male vs. female), not falling exclusively in man/male or woman/female normative categories. A higher proportion of NBGQ people is usually found within young persons. This population is marginalized and, as such, is at risk of stigmatization and of developing negative health outcomes. As literature on the health of NBGQ people is sparse, this study aims at systematically review the limited studies on this field. Methods: The research questions which guided the systematic review were: (1) What are the differences in the health levels between NBGQ and binary transgender (BT) individuals? (2) What are the differences in the health levels between NBGQ and cisgender individuals? (3) Which medical and psychological interventions are most suitable for improving NBGQ health? According to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Results: Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria for the current systematic review. Among them, 9 were focused on the health differences between NBGQ and BT individuals, 4 of the latter and 1 individually were focused on the health differences between NBGQ and cisgender individuals, and 1 was focused on the evaluation of health outcomes related to medical procedures. No studies assessed psychological interventions aimed at improving health in NBGQ individuals. All studies were cross-sectional, did not generally recruit a large sample of NBGQ individuals, and used non-probability sample design. Results related to the difference in health between NBGQ and BT were mixed; indeed, some found a better health status while others a worse one. Results related to the differences in health between NBGQ and cisgender highlighted higher health needs in NBGQ than in BT individuals. The only study analyzing the effects of medical interventions on health found that NBGQ female-assigned at birth individuals improved their quality of life after chest surgery. Conclusions: Although scholars are starting to pay attention to the NBGQ health, research needs to be expanded both in terms of methodology and research contents. Clinical, health-related social policies, and research recommendations in this field are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mezza
- Center SInAPSi, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Bottone
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Valerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Vitelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Bochicchio V, Perillo P, Valenti A, Chello F, Amodeo AL, Valerio P, Scandurra C. Pre-service teachers’ approaches to gender-nonconforming children in preschool and primary school: Clinical and educational implications. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19359705.2019.1565791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pascal Perillo
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Naples Suor Orsola Benincasa, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonella Valenti
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Chello
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Naples Suor Orsola Benincasa, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Amodeo
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Valerio
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Scandurra C, Picariello S, Scafaro D, Bochicchio V, Valerio P, Amodeo AL. Group Psychodynamic Counselling as a Clinical Training Device to Enhance Metacognitive Skills and Agency in Future Clinical Psychologists. Eur J Psychol 2018; 14:444-463. [PMID: 30008956 PMCID: PMC6016038 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.v14i2.1528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Metacognitive skills and agency are among the main psychological abilities a clinical psychologist should have. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of group psychodynamic counselling as a clinical training device able to enhance metacognitive skills and agency in final-year undergraduates in clinical psychology within an educational context. Thirty-three final-year students of clinical psychology participated in an experiential laboratory lasting two months. Participants completed measures regarding metacognitive skills and agency at pre-, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up assessment. The results suggested that group psychodynamic counselling made students feel more capable of recognizing emotional states, understanding causal relationships, inferring mental states of others in terms of beliefs, desires, intentions, and expectations, and thinking critically. Furthermore, the group psychodynamic counselling helped students to feel more able to derive pathways to desired goals and to motivate themselves via agency thinking to use those pathways. Thus, the study confirmed the efficacy of group psychodynamic counselling as a clinical training device able to enhance metacognitive skills and agency in future clinical psychologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Scafaro
- SInAPSi Center, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Valerio
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Amodeo
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Scandurra C, Bochicchio V, Amodeo AL, Esposito C, Valerio P, Maldonato NM, Bacchini D, Vitelli R. Internalized Transphobia, Resilience, and Mental Health: Applying the Psychological Mediation Framework to Italian Transgender Individuals. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018. [PMID: 29534023 PMCID: PMC5877053 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15030508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) people are a highly-stigmatized population. For this reason, they might internalize society’s normative gender attitudes and develop negative mental health outcomes. As an extension of the minority stress model, the psychological mediation framework sheds light on psychological processes through which anti-transgender discrimination might affect mental health. Within this framework, the current study aimed at assessing in 149 TGNC Italian individuals the role of internalized transphobia as a mediator between anti-transgender discrimination and mental health, considering resilience as the individual-level coping mechanism buffering this relationship. The results suggest that both indicators of internalized transphobia (i.e., shame and alienation) mediate the relationship between anti-transgender discrimination and depression, while only alienation mediates the relationship between anti-transgender discrimination and anxiety. Furthermore, the results suggest that the indirect relation between anti-transgender discrimination and anxiety through alienation is conditional on low and moderate levels of resilience. Findings have important implications for clinical practice and psycho-social interventions to reduce stigma and stress caused by interpersonal and individual stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Scandurra
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Bochicchio
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Anna Lisa Amodeo
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Concetta Esposito
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Paolo Valerio
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Dario Bacchini
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Roberto Vitelli
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
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Scandurra C, Mezza F, Bochicchio V, Valerio P, Amodeo AL. La salute degli anziani LGBT dalla prospettiva del minority stress. Rassegna della letteratura e raccomandazioni di ricerca. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.3280/pds2017-002004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Amodeo AL, Picariello S, Valerio P, Bochicchio V, Scandurra C. Group psychodynamic counselling with final-year undergraduates in clinical psychology: A clinical methodology to reinforce academic identity and psychological well-being. Psychodynamic Practice 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14753634.2017.1308834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lisa Amodeo
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Simona Picariello
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Paolo Valerio
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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31
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Scandurra C, Amodeo AL, Bochicchio V, Valerio P, Frost DM. Psychometric characteristics of the Transgender Identity Survey in an Italian sample: A measure to assess positive and negative feelings towards transgender identity. Int J Transgend 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15532739.2016.1241975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Lisa Amodeo
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Valerio
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - David M. Frost
- School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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