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Khan SU, Pathania AS, Wani A, Fatima K, Mintoo MJ, Hamza B, Paddar MA, Bhumika W, Anand LK, Maqbool MS, Mir SA, Kour J, Venkateswarlu V, Mondhe DM, Sawant SD, Malik F. Author Correction: Activation of lysosomal mediated cell death in the course of autophagy by mTORC1 inhibitor. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8772. [PMID: 35610239 PMCID: PMC9130288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12521-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Ullah Khan
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Anup Singh Pathania
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Abubakar Wani
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Kaneez Fatima
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mubashir Javed Mintoo
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Baseerat Hamza
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India
| | - Masroor Ahmad Paddar
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Wadhwa Bhumika
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Loveleena Kour Anand
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mir Shahid Maqbool
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Sameer Ahmad Mir
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Jaspreet Kour
- Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Vunnam Venkateswarlu
- Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Dilip Manikrao Mondhe
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India
| | - Sanghapal D Sawant
- Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.
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2
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Khan SU, Pathania AS, Wani A, Fatima K, Mintoo MJ, Hamza B, Paddar MA, Bhumika W, Anand LK, Maqbool MS, Mir SA, Kour J, Venkateswarlu V, Mondhe DM, Sawant SD, Malik F. Activation of lysosomal mediated cell death in the course of autophagy by mTORC1 inhibitor. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5052. [PMID: 35322026 PMCID: PMC8943151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07955-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal biogenesis plays a vital role in cell fate. Under certain conditions, excessive lysosomal biogenesis leads to susceptibility for lysosomal membrane permeabilization resulting in various pathological conditions including cell death. In cancer cells apoptosis machinery becomes dysregulated during the course of treatment, thus allows cancer cells to escape apoptosis. So it is therefore imperative to identify cytotoxic agents that exploit non-apoptotic mechanisms of cell death. Our study showed that pancreatic cancer cells treated with SDS-203 triggered an incomplete autophagic response and a nuclear translocation of transcriptional factor TFEB. This resulted in abundant biosynthesis and accumulation of autophagosomes and lysosomes into the cells leading to their death. It was observed that the silencing of autophagy genes didn’t alter the cell fate, whereas siRNA-mediated silencing of TFEB subdued SDS-203 mediated lysosomal biogenesis and associated cell death. Further mouse tumors treated with SDS-203 showed a significant reduction in tumor burden and increased expression of lysosomal markers. Taken together this study demonstrates that SDS-203 treatment triggers non-apoptotic cell death in pancreatic cancer cells through a mechanism of lysosome over accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Ullah Khan
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Anup Singh Pathania
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Abubakar Wani
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Kaneez Fatima
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mubashir Javed Mintoo
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Baseerat Hamza
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India
| | - Masroor Ahmad Paddar
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Wadhwa Bhumika
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Loveleena Kour Anand
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Mir Shahid Maqbool
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Sameer Ahmad Mir
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Jaspreet Kour
- Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Vunnam Venkateswarlu
- Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Dilip Manikrao Mondhe
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India
| | - Sanghapal D Sawant
- Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190005, India.
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Kour J, Venkateswarlu V, Verma PK, Hussain Y, Dubey G, Bharatam PV, Sahoo SC, Sawant SD. Oxone-DMSO Triggered Methylene Insertion and C(sp2)−C(sp3)-H−C(sp2) Bond Formation to Access Functional Bis-Heterocycles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4951-4962. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kour
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Vunnam Venkateswarlu
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Praveen K. Verma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Yaseen Hussain
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Gurudutt Dubey
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Subash C. Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University Chandigarh, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sanghapal D. Sawant
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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4
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Venkateswarlu V, Kour J, Kumar KAA, Verma PK, Reddy GL, Hussain Y, Tabassum A, Balgotra S, Gupta S, Hudwekar AD, Vishwakarma RA, Sawant SD. Direct N-heterocyclization of hydrazines to access styrylated pyrazoles: synthesis of 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoles and dihydropyrazoles. RSC Adv 2018; 8:26523-26527. [PMID: 35541044 PMCID: PMC9083136 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04550j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A microwave-assisted method has been developed for the synthesis of tri-substituted pyrazoles via direct N-heterocyclization of hydrazines with metal-acetylacetonate and -dibenzylideneacetonate without using any base or additives. Most importantly, the synthesis of 1-aryl-5-phenyl-3-styryl-1H-pyrazoles was achieved in a single step using hydrochloride salt of various phenylhydrazines and this is the first report for direct construction of these molecules. The reaction medium and microwave conditions play a critical role for their selective product formation during the reaction. The present reaction explored the usage of metal-diketonic complexes as reaction substrates providing acetylacetone and dibenzylideneacetone moieties to directly participate in cyclization with hydrazines to form the corresponding pyrazoles in excellent yields. The present protocol introduces the important N-heterocyclic moieties in the final structures, giving the reaction great applications from a medicinal chemistry perspective, particularly in the late stage modification strategies in drug discovery. The synthesis of tri-substituted pyrazoles was achieved via direct N-heterocyclization of hydrazines with metal-acetylacetonate and -dibenzylideneacetonate without using any base or additives under microwave irradiation in a single step.![]()
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5
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Kumar S, Guru SK, Venkateswarlu V, Malik F, Vishwakarma RA, Sawant SD, Bhushan S. A Novel Quinoline Based Second-generation mTOR Inhibitor that Induces Apoptosis and Disrupts PI3K-Akt-mTOR Signaling in Human Leukemia HL-60 Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2016; 15:1297-304. [PMID: 25832358 DOI: 10.2174/1871520615666150402093558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway is unanimously pragmatic in a number of tumors. This pathway pedals proliferation, survival, translation, and coupled with tumor-associated endurance. Current efforts focus on the discovery and development of novel inhibitors of this pathway. We have discovered 6-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-N-phenylquinolin-4-amine [PQQ] as a potent mTOR inhibitor with IC50 value of 64nM in a cell-based and cell-free mTOR assay. Mechanistically, PQQ was found to be a strong PI3K-Akt-mTOR-p70S6K cascade inhibitor in Human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Moreover, it was found to be dual mTORC1 and mTORC2 inhibitor that inhibit the entire mTOR kinase-dependent functions and feedback commencement of PI3K/Akt pathway. PQQ simultaneously induces apoptosis via mitochondrial dependant pathway, which was confirmed through a battery of the assays, e.g. cellular and nuclear microscopy, annexin-V assay, cell cycle analysis and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. In summary, PQQ discovered as a novel second-generation mTOR inhibitor with significant cytotoxic and apoptotic potentials. Thus, it might be a significant lead structure for the development of mTOR-targeted based anti-cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shashi Bhushan
- Senior Scientist, Division of Cancer Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, CSIR, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001 India.
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6
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Srinivas M, Hudwekar AD, Venkateswarlu V, Reddy GL, Kumar KA, Vishwakarma RA, Sawant SD. A metal-free approach for transamidation of amides with amines in aqueous media. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Venkateswarlu V, Pathania AS, Aravinda Kumar K, Mahajan P, Nargotra A, Vishwakarma RA, Malik FA, Sawant SD. 4-(N-Phenyl-N′-substituted benzenesulfonyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenyl)quinolines as inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:4237-4247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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8
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Sawant S, Aravinda Kumar K, Venkateswarlu V, Vishwakarma R. A Metal-Free Approach to Carboxylic Acids by Oxidation of Alkyl, Aryl, or Heteroaryl Alkyl Ketones or Arylalkynes. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1381026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghapal Sawant
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
| | - K. Aravinda Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
| | | | - Ram Vishwakarma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
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9
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Sawant S, Venkateswarlu V, Balgotra S, Aravinda Kumar K, Vishwakarma R. Metal-Free Chemoselective ortho-C(sp2)–F Bond Hydroxylation and N-Trifluoroacylation of Fluoroarylamines for Domino Synthesis of 2-(N-Trifluoroacyl)aminophenols. Synlett 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1379905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghapal Sawant
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
| | | | - Shilpi Balgotra
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
| | - K. Aravinda Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
| | - Ram Vishwakarma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
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10
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Venkateswarlu V, Aravinda Kumar KA, Gupta S, Singh D, Vishwakarma RA, Sawant SD. DMSO/I2 mediated C–C bond cleavage of α-ketoaldehydes followed by C–O bond formation: a metal-free approach for one-pot esterification. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:7973-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01015b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
One-pot I2/DMSO mediated metal-free C–C bond cleavage of aryl-/heteroaryl- or aliphatic α-ketoaldehydes offering a carboxylic acid followed by esterification is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vunnam Venkateswarlu
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu-180 001
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - K. A. Aravinda Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu-180 001
- India
| | - Sorav Gupta
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu-180 001
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Deepika Singh
- QC-QA Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu-180 001
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Ram A. Vishwakarma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu-180 001
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Sanghapal D. Sawant
- Medicinal Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
- Jammu-180 001
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
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Venkateswarlu V, Kumar KAA, Balgotra S, Reddy GL, Srinivas M, Vishwakarma RA, Sawant SD. CH Oxygenation andN-Trifluoroacylation of Arylamines Under Metal-Free Conditions: A Convenient Approach to 2-Aminophenols andN-Trifluoroacyl-ortho-aminophenols. Chemistry 2014; 20:6641-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Sawant SD, Hudwekar AD, Aravinda Kumar K, Venkateswarlu V, Singh PP, Vishwakarma RA. Ligand- and base-free synthesis of phenols by rapid oxidation of arylboronic acids using iron(III) oxide. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Pathak SM, Aggarwal D, Venkateswarlu V. Establishment of in vitro-in vivo equivalence of highly variable drugs - a generic product development perspective. Pharm Dev Technol 2013; 19:401-10. [PMID: 23607272 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2013.788513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In vivo equivalence of highly variable drugs (HVD) has always been a subject of great concern, in terms of both safety and efficacy, for regulatory agencies. Successful demonstration of their bioequivalence thus presents the most crucial component of a generic application, significantly contributing toward the cost and time of development. For poorly soluble drugs, such as telmisartan, dissolution represents the rate-limiting step in the gastric region and in many cases may not be complete, thereby contributing to low and highly variable bioavailability. Consequently, simulation of gastrointestinal conditions is essential to adequately predict the in vivo behavior of drug formulations. In this study, we evaluated usefulness of physiologically relevant dissolution method over commonly used acidic media to forecast comparable in vivo performance of telmisartan formulation to that of reference samples. In the present study, telmisartan was classified as a HVD and a partial replicate design with repeating the reference product and scaling the bioequivalence for the reference variability has been presented. The design has effectively decreased sample size, without increasing patient risk. Results from this project suggest that scaled average bioequivalence (SABE) provides a good approach for evaluating the bioequivalence of HVD, meeting the need for international guidelines for bioequivalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shriram M Pathak
- Dr. Reddy's Laboratories, Centre of Excellence - Bio Studies , IPDO, Innovation Plaza, Bachupally, Hyderabad-500072, Andhra Pradesh , India
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Vijaya Bharathi D, Hotha KK, Kolagatla PRR, Venkateswarlu V. Low dose aspirin estimation: an application to a human pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 27:589-98. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Vijaya Bharathi
- Bioanalytical Department, Integrated Product Development; Dr Reddy's Laboratories Ltd, Bachupalli; Hyderabad-500 072; India
| | - Kishore Kumar Hotha
- Bioanalytical Department, Integrated Product Development; Dr Reddy's Laboratories Ltd, Bachupalli; Hyderabad-500 072; India
| | - Pandu Ranga Reddy Kolagatla
- Bioanalytical Department, Integrated Product Development; Dr Reddy's Laboratories Ltd, Bachupalli; Hyderabad-500 072; India
| | - V. Venkateswarlu
- Bioanalytical Department, Integrated Product Development; Dr Reddy's Laboratories Ltd, Bachupalli; Hyderabad-500 072; India
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Manjunath K, Venkateswarlu V, Hussain A. Preparation and characterization of nitrendipine solid lipid nanoparticles. Pharmazie 2011; 66:178-186. [PMID: 21553647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nitrendipine, a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, has very poor oral bioavailability (10-20%) due to first pass effect. Solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) delivery systems of nitrendipine have been developed using various triglycerides (trimyristin, tripalmitin and tristearin), soy phosphatidylcholine 95%, poloxamer 188 and charge modifiers stearylamine and dicetyl phosphate. SLNs were prepared by hot homogenization of melted lipids and aqueous phase followed by ultrasonication at temperatures above the melting point of lipids. Optimization studies of process and formulation variables were carried out. Particle size and zeta potential were measured by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) using Malvern zetasizer. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) studies were performed to characterize state of drug and lipid modification. In vitro release studies were performed in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 using modified Franz diffusion cell. Stable nitrendipine SLNs of mean size range 79 to 213 nm and zeta potential -38.2 to +34.6 mV were developed. About 99% nitrendipine was entrapped in SLNs and were stable on storage at 4 and 25 degrees C. DSC and PXRD analyses revealed that nitrendipine is dispersed in SLNs in an amorphous state. The release pattern of drug is analyzed and found to follow Weibull distribution rather than first order and Higuchi equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Manjunath
- NDDS Laboratory, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, India.
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17
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Venkateswarlu V, Kokate CK, Rambhau D, Veeresham C. Pharmaceutical Investigations of a Film Forming Material Isolated from Roots of Salacia Macrosperma. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/03639049309063203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Abstract
For a decade, trials have been made to utilize solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) as alternative drug delivery systems to colloidal drug delivery systems such as lipid emulsions, liposomes, and polymeric nanoparticles. Various lipid matrices, surfactants, and other excipients used in formulation, preparation methods, sterilization and lyophilization of SLNs are discussed in this article. Entrapment efficiency of drug carrier and its effect on physical parameters, drug release, and release mechanisms of various compositions are reviewed and discussed. Important points in characterization and stability of SLNs are outlined. Various in vitro studies carried out by different research groups are mentioned in addition to in vivo evaluation. Exploitation potential of SLNs to administer by various routes of administration are covered. Passive and active drug targeting using SLNs are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Manjunath
- Novel Drug Delivery System Laboratory, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Rao CHS, Venkateswarlu V, Surender T, Eddleston M, Buckley NA. Pesticide poisoning in south India: opportunities for prevention and improved medical management. Trop Med Int Health 2005; 10:581-8. [PMID: 15941422 PMCID: PMC1762001 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01412.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Warangal district in Andhra Pradesh, southern India, records >1000 pesticide poisoning cases each year and hundreds of deaths. We aimed to describe their frequency and distribution, and to assess quality of management and subsequent outcomes from pesticide poisoning in one large hospital in the district. METHODS We reviewed data on all patients admitted with pesticide poisoning to a district government hospital for the years 1997 to 2002. For 2002, details of the particular pesticide ingested and management were abstracted from the medical files. FINDINGS During these 6 years, 8040 patients were admitted to the hospital with pesticide poisoning. The overall case fatality ratio was 22.6%. More detailed data from 2002 revealed that two-thirds of the patients were <30 years old, 57% were male and 96% had intentionally poisoned themselves. Two compounds, monocrotophos and endosulfan, accounted for the majority of deaths with known pesticides in 2002. Low fixed-dose regimens were used in the majority of cases for the most commonly used antidotes (atropine and pralidoxime). Inappropriate antidotes were also used in some patients. CONCLUSIONS It is likely that these findings reflect the situation in many rural hospitals of the Asia Pacific region. Even without an increase in resources, there appear to be significant opportunities for reducing mortality by better medical management and further restrictions on the most toxic pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- CH Srinivas Rao
- Senior Research Fellow, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - V Venkateswarlu
- Associate Professor, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - T Surender
- Professor of Medicine, MGM Hospital, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Michael Eddleston
- Wellcome Trust Career Development Fellow, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, and South Asian Clinical Toxicology Research Collaboration, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - Nick A Buckley
- Director and Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Canberra Clinical School, ACT, Australia, and South Asian Clinical Toxicology Research Collaboration, Sri Lanka.
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Venkateswarlu V, Srivastava SK, Joshi BS, Desai HK, Pelletier SW. 13-O-acetylvakhmatine, a new diterpenoid alkaloid from the seeds of Consolida ambigua. J Nat Prod 1995; 58:1527-1532. [PMID: 8676129 DOI: 10.1021/np50124a008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Vakhmatine [1] and the new diterpenoid alkaloid 13-O-acetylvakhmatine [3] have been isolated from the polar alkaloidal fractions of the seeds of Consolida ambigua, together with ajacine, delcosine, gigactonine, and takaosomine. Structure 3 has been established on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical correlation with 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Venkateswarlu
- Institute for Natural Products Research, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-2556, USA
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Sudhakar G, Jyothi B, Venkateswarlu V. Role of diatoms as indicators of pollution gradients. Environ Monit Assess 1994; 33:85-99. [PMID: 24201795 DOI: 10.1007/bf00548591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/1991] [Revised: 01/15/1993] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The impact of liquid wastes from a paper mill on the benthic diatoms in flowing waters has been studied for a period of two years. Water and algal samples were analysed at monthly intervals at three sites along the course of the river, along with raw effluents. The water before the confluence of effluents was well oxygenated with an alkaline pH. Organic matter, NH3 and nutrients were recorded at low concentrations. At the entry of effluents, the water showed considerable decline in dissolved oxygen content, increase in organic matter, hardness, Cl, HCO3 and total dissolved solids. Diatoms constituted 61% by numerical abundance and were reduced to 25% of total algae at the entry of effluents. Multiple regression analysis was employed to discover the relative importance of various physicochemical variables on the abundance and distribution of diatoms at various sampling stations. Mathematical equations were derived involving the physicochemical variables for better prediction of algal number.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sudhakar
- Phycology and River Ecology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Osmania University, 500 007, Hyderabad, India
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Abstract
Various fractions of the alcoholic extract of the roots of SALACIA MACROSPERMA were evaluated for their antidiabetic activity in alloxan-diabetic rats by estimating various biochemical parameters in blood, viz. glucose, proteins, lipids, cholesterol, and free fatty acids, after oral administration for 8 days. From the data obtained, it is concluded that the methanolic fraction followed by the residual fraction of the alcoholic extract exhibited significant antidiabetic activity. These biofractions were able to correct the metabolic abberations in diabetic rats. This activity may be due to their insulin-like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Venkateswarlu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009 A. P., India
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Venkateswarlu V, Kokate C, Peddanna G, Veeresham C, Rambhau D. Pharmaceutical investigations on salacia macrosperma-1. Anc Sci Life 1990; 9:215-9. [PMID: 22557702 PMCID: PMC3331332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/1989] [Accepted: 08/20/1989] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The chloroform, ethanol (95%) and aqueous extracts of roots of Salacia macrosperma (Hippocrataceae) were prepared by double maceration followed by vacuum evaporation. All the extracts were subjects to qualitative chemical tests to find out phytoconstituents present in them. The ethanolic extract showed significant hypoglycemic activity in fasted rabbits. The activity of ethanolic extract was also evaluated in alloxan induced hyperglycemic albino rats. It showed a mean blood sugar level reduction of 89.22 mg/100 ml which was significant when compared with mean variation in blood sugar levels of control group. Alcoholic and aqueous extracts were screened for their effect on both normal and hypodynamic isolated frog heart. Alcoholic extract showed considerable positive ionotropic activity and increased cardiac output without affecting heart rate both in normal and hypodynamic isolated frog heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Venkateswarlu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal – 506 009, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - C.K. Kokate
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal – 506 009, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - G. Peddanna
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal – 506 009, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - C. Veeresham
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal – 506 009, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - D. Rambhau
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal – 506 009, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Balaiah V, Seshadri TR, Venkateswarlu V. Visible fluorescence and chemical constitution of compounds of the benzopyrone group. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1942. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03177739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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