1
|
Yang M, Liao SK, Tang WS, Cai WQ, Li Y, Yin J, Peng CZ. In-orbit dark count rate performance and radiation damage high-temperature annealing of silicon avalanche photodiode single-photon detectors of the Micius satellite. Opt Express 2024; 32:12601-12608. [PMID: 38571078 DOI: 10.1364/oe.516611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Silicon avalanche photodiode (APD) single-photon detectors in space are continuously affected by radiation, which gradually degrades their dark count performance. From August 2016 to June 2023, we conducted approximately seven years (2507 days) of in-orbit monitoring of the dark count performance of APD single-photon detectors on the Micius Quantum Science Experimental Satellite. The results showed that due to radiation effects, the dark count growth rate was approximately 6.79 cps/day @ -24 °C and 0.37 cps/day @ -55 °C, with a significant suppression effect on radiation-induced dark counts at lower operating temperature. Based on the proposed radiation damage induced dark count annealing model, simulations were conducted for the in-orbit dark counts of the detector, the simulation results are consistent with in-orbit test data. In May 2022, four of these detectors underwent a cumulative 5.7 hours high-temperature annealing test at 76 °C, dark count rate shows no measurable changes, consistent with annealing model. As of now, these ten APD single-photon detectors on the Micius Quantum Science Experimental Satellite have been in operation for approximately 2507 days and are still functioning properly, providing valuable experience for the future long-term space applications of silicon APD single-photon detectors.
Collapse
|
2
|
Cheng YX, Yang M, Lu ZJ, Tang WS, Guan JY, Shen Q, Yin J, Liao SK, Peng CZ. Time transfer over 113 km free space laser communication channel. Opt Express 2024; 32:12645-12655. [PMID: 38571082 DOI: 10.1364/oe.519604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The space time frequency transfer plays a crucial role in applications such as space optical clock networks, navigation, satellite ranging, and space quantum communication. Here, we propose a high-precision space time frequency transfer and time synchronization scheme based on a simple intensity modulation/direct detection (IM/DD) laser communication system, which occupies a communication bandwidth of approximately 0.2%. Furthermore, utilizing an optical-frequency comb time frequency transfer system as an out-of-loop reference, experimental verification was conducted on a 113 km horizontal atmospheric link, with a long-term stability approximately 8.3 × 10-16 over a duration of 7800 seconds. Over an 11-hour period, the peak-to-peak wander is approximately 100 ps. Our work establishes the foundation of the time frequency transfer, based on the space laser communication channel, for future ground-to-space and inter-satellite links.
Collapse
|
3
|
Weng L, Tang WS, Wang X, Gong Y, Liu C, Hong NN, Tao Y, Li KZ, Liu SN, Jiang W, Li Y, Yao K, Chen L, Huang H, Zhao YZ, Hu ZP, Lu Y, Ye H, Du X, Zhou H, Li P, Zhao TJ. Surplus fatty acid synthesis increases oxidative stress in adipocytes and lnduces lipodystrophy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:133. [PMID: 38168040 PMCID: PMC10761979 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44393-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes are the primary sites for fatty acid storage, but the synthesis rate of fatty acids is very low. The physiological significance of this phenomenon remains unclear. Here, we show that surplus fatty acid synthesis in adipocytes induces necroptosis and lipodystrophy. Transcriptional activation of FASN elevates fatty acid synthesis, but decreases NADPH level and increases ROS production, which ultimately leads to adipocyte necroptosis. We identify MED20, a subunit of the Mediator complex, as a negative regulator of FASN transcription. Adipocyte-specific male Med20 knockout mice progressively develop lipodystrophy, which is reversed by scavenging ROS. Further, in a murine model of HIV-associated lipodystrophy and a human patient with acquired lipodystrophy, ROS neutralization significantly improves metabolic disorders, indicating a causal role of ROS in disease onset. Our study well explains the low fatty acid synthesis rate in adipocytes, and sheds light on the management of acquired lipodystrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Drug Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital / Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wen-Shuai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Drug Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital / Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Research Center for Translational Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yingyun Gong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changqin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ni-Na Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Drug Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital / Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuang-Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Drug Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital / Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Ning Liu
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanzi Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Drug Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital / Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - He Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Drug Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital / Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Zheng Zhao
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Ping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Youli Lu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Phase I Clinical Research & Quality Consistency Evaluation for Drugs, Institute of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haobin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Drug Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital / Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingrong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Drug Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital / Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwen Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Drug Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital / Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, School of life sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Tong-Jin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Drug Clinical Trial Center, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital / Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, School of life sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tang WS, Cen X, Yao SS, Yin ST, Weng L, Zhao TJ, Wang X. TRiC/CCT chaperonin is required for the folding and inhibitory effect of WDTC1 on adipogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1225628. [PMID: 37691821 PMCID: PMC10483223 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1225628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a global pandemic. WDTC1 is a WD40-containing protein that functions as an anti-obesity factor. WDTC1 inhibits adipogenesis by working as an adaptor of the CUL4-DDB1 E3 ligase complex. It remains unclear about how WDTC1 is regulated. Here, we show that the TRiC/CCT functions as a chaperone to facilitate the protein folding of WDTC1 and proper function in adipogenesis. Through tandem purification, we identified the molecular chaperone TRiC/CCT as WDTC1-interacting proteins. WDTC1 bound the TRiC/CCT through its ADP domain, and the TRiC/CCT recognized WDTC1 through the CCT5 subunit. Disruption of the TRiC/CCT by knocking down CCT1 or CCT5 led to misfolding and lysosomal degradation of WDTC1. Furthermore, the knockdown of CCT1 or CCT5 eliminated the inhibitory effect of WDTC1 on adipogenesis. Our studies uncovered a critical role of the TRiC/CCT in the folding of WDTC1 and expanded our knowledge on the regulation of adipogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shuai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shu-Ting Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Li Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong-Jin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang WS, Weng L, Wang X, Liu CQ, Hu GS, Yin ST, Tao Y, Hong NN, Guo H, Liu W, Wang HR, Zhao TJ. The Mediator subunit MED20 organizes the early adipogenic complex to promote development of adipose tissues and diet-induced obesity. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109314. [PMID: 34233190 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MED20 is a non-essential subunit of the transcriptional coactivator Mediator complex, but its physiological function remains largely unknown. Here, we identify MED20 as a substrate of the anti-obesity CRL4-WDTC1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex through affinity purification and candidate screening. Overexpression of WDTC1 leads to degradation of MED20, whereas depletion of WDTC1 or CUL4A/B causes accumulation of MED20. Depleting MED20 inhibits adipogenesis, and a non-degradable MED20 mutant restores adipogenesis in WDTC1-overexpressing cells. Furthermore, knockout of Med20 in preadipocytes abolishes development of brown adipose tissues. Removing one allele of Med20 in preadipocytes protects mice from diet-induced obesity and reverses weight gain in Cul4a- or Cul4b-depleted mice. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis reveals that MED20 organizes the early adipogenic complex by bridging C/EBPβ and RNA polymerase II to promote transcription of the central adipogenic factor, PPARγ. Our findings have thus uncovered a critical role of MED20 in promoting adipogenesis, development of adipose tissue and diet-induced obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shuai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Li Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Qin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shu-Ting Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ni-Na Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Huiling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hong-Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Tong-Jin Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang X, Wang HY, Hu GS, Tang WS, Weng L, Zhang Y, Guo H, Yao SS, Liu SY, Zhang GL, Han Y, Liu M, Zhang XD, Cen X, Shen HF, Xiao N, Liu CQ, Wang HR, Huang J, Liu W, Li P, Zhao TJ. DDB1 binds histone reader BRWD3 to activate the transcriptional cascade in adipogenesis and promote onset of obesity. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109281. [PMID: 34161765 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a global pandemic. Identification of key factors in adipogenesis helps to tackle obesity and related metabolic diseases. Here, we show that DDB1 binds the histone reader BRWD3 to promote adipogenesis and diet-induced obesity. Although typically recognized as a component of the CUL4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, DDB1 stimulates adipogenesis independently of CUL4. A DDB1 mutant that does not bind CUL4A or CUL4B fully restores adipogenesis in DDB1-deficient cells. Ddb1+/- mice show delayed postnatal development of white adipose tissues and are protected from diet-induced obesity. Mechanistically, by interacting with BRWD3, DDB1 is recruited to acetylated histones in the proximal promoters of ELK1 downstream immediate early response genes and facilitates the release of paused RNA polymerase II, thereby activating the transcriptional cascade in adipogenesis. Our findings have uncovered a CUL4-independent function of DDB1 in promoting the transcriptional cascade of adipogenesis, development of adipose tissues, and onset of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hao-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Guo-Sheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wen-Shuai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Li Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Huiling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shen-Ying Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiang Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hai-Feng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Nengming Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chang-Qin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hong-Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Peng Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong-Jin Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Disease, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, and Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Leow SN, Tang WS, Pararajasingam RP, Ee WS. Patient perception of pre-pregnancy care and family planning among reproductive-age female diabetes mellitus patients in a primary care clinic in Penang, Malaysia. Malays Fam Physician 2020; 15:35-42. [PMID: 33329861 PMCID: PMC7735880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pre-pregnancy care (PPC) is an important part of diabetic care among females in the reproductive age group, as it improves feto-maternal outcomes. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess female diabetic patients' perception of PPC and family planning prior to PPC care. METHODS This was an observational, cross-sectional survey performed from June 2019 to September 2019, using universal sampling of registered female diabetic patients who fit the inclusion criteria prior to integrated PPC care. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess patients' perception of PPC. RESULTS A total of 67 patients were recruited for the study. Only 39.4% (n=26) of the patients had heard of PPC. In our study, Code 1 contraception included those methods with a Pearl index of ≤9. Code 2 & 3 contraception included those methods with a Pearl index of >9. Only one-third of patients, 29.9% (n=20), were using Code 1 contraception, although the majority, 79.1% (n=53), felt that they had completed their family. 45 patients (68.2%) felt that they were at risk of developing complications if they were to become pregnant, and 46 patients (69.7%) felt that their health condition was not suitable for another pregnancy. However, only 31.1% (n=14) and 34.8% (n=16) of these patients were using Code 1 contraception, respectively. There were 30 patients (65.2%) who perceived that their health was not suitable for another pregnancy but were only using Code 2 or 3 contraception. CONCLUSION The patients' perception of PPC was poor. Patients had an inadequate knowledge of the effectiveness of their current contraceptive practice in relation to their intentions for further pregnancy and their self-perceived risk in case of future conception. We suggest that integration of PPC into routine follow-ups for other high-risk medical diseases, such as hypertension, heart disease, and epilepsy, be considered in future practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S N Leow
- MD (MMA), Doctor of Family Medicine (UKM), Jalan Perak Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jelutong, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia,
| | - W S Tang
- MBBS (UM), M.Med (Fam. Med) (UM), Jalan Perak Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jelutong, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - R P Pararajasingam
- M. Med. (Fam. Med.), MD Jalan Perak Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jelutong, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - W S Ee
- MD (UKM), Jalan Perak Health Clinic, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jelutong, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Leow SN, Tang WS. Angina after anaphylaxis treatment. Malays Fam Physician 2019; 14:65-67. [PMID: 32175043 PMCID: PMC7067500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening emergency, and adrenaline is the mainstay treatment for this condition. However, there have been a few reported cases of patients experiencing cardiovascular complications, such as myocardial infarction and coronary vasospasm, after its use. We highlight such a case in a young, healthy patient and the important differentials to consider.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S N Leow
- MD (I.M Sechenov MMA), Doctor of Family Medicine (UKM) Jalan Perak Health Clinic, Jalan Perak, 11600 Penang Malaysia
| | - W S Tang
- MBBS (UM), MMed (Family Medicine) UM Jalan Perak Health Clinic, Jalan Perak, 11600 Penang Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tao R, Qu Z, Sun DF, Deng YM, Mo Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Xie X, Tang WS, Liu WD. [Interpretation of clinical practice guideline for anorectal day surgery 2019 edition]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 22:1118-1123. [PMID: 31874526 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1671-0274.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
As the rapid development of minimally invasive techniques, anesthesia, and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), anorectal day surgery receiving more and more attention by improving efficiency of medical care while reducing cost and hospitalized infection. However, day surgery also faces the challenge of completing the whole process from patient admission to discharge within 24 hours. Therefore, establishing a reasonable and detailed day surgery process is the cornerstone to guarantee safe medical practice and patients satisfaction. National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), together with China Ambulatory Surgery Alliance formulates the clinical practice guideline for anorectal day surgery 2019 edition. Here we make some interpretations of the guidelines on the detailed process of anorectal day surgery, including indication, preoperative examination, preoperative risk evaluation, health education, assessment of day surgery anesthesia and before leaving postanesthesia care unit (PACU), postoperative management, assessment of discharge and follow-up, for the convenience of various medical centers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Tao
- Day Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha 410008, China
| | - Z Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha 410008, China
| | - D F Sun
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Y M Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha 410008, China
| | - Y Mo
- Day Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - J Chen
- Day Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha 410008, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Day Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha 410008, China
| | - X Xie
- Day Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha 410008, China
| | - W S Tang
- Day Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - W D Liu
- Day Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Changsha 410008, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu Q, Cao J, Wang ZQ, Bai YS, Lü YM, Huang QL, Zhao WZ, Li J, Jiang LP, Tang WS, Fu BH, Fan FY. Dose estimation by chromosome aberration analysis and micronucleus assays in victims accidentally exposed to (60)Co radiation. Br J Radiol 2009; 82:1027-32. [PMID: 19366736 PMCID: PMC3473381 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/62484075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Revised: 11/10/2008] [Accepted: 12/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the radiation exposure levels in victims of a (60)Co radiation accident using chromosome aberration analysis and the micronucleus assay. Peripheral blood samples were collected from three victims exposed to (60)Co 10 days after the accident and were used for the chromosome aberration and micronucleus assays. After in vitro culture of the lymphocytes, the frequencies of dicentric chromosomes and rings (dic+r) and the numbers of cytokinesis blocking micronuclei (CBMN) in the first mitotic division were determined and used to estimate radiation dosimetry. The Poisson distribution of the frequency of dic+r in lymphocytes was used to assess the uniformity of the exposure to (60)Co radiation. Based on the frequency of dic+r in lymphocytes, estimates of radiation exposure of the three victims were 5.61 Gy (A), 2.48 Gy (B) and 2.68 Gy (C). The values were estimated based on the frequencies of CBMN, which were 5.45 Gy (A), 2.78 Gy (B) and 2.84 Gy (C). The estimated radiation dosimetry demonstrated a critical role in estimating the radiation dose and facilitating an accurate clinical diagnosis. Furthermore, the frequencies of dir+r in victims A and B deviated significantly from a normal Poisson distribution. Chromosome aberration analysis offers a reliable means for estimating biological exposure to radiation. In the present study, the micronucleus assay demonstrated a high correlation with the chromosome aberration analysis in determining the radiation dosimetry 10 days after radiation exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q Liu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, First Clinical Department of Medical Emergency Response Centre for Nuclear Accident, Ministry of Health, Tianjin, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
This paper presents two neural network approaches to real-time joint torque optimization for kinematically redundant manipulators. Two recurrent neural networks are proposed for determining the minimum driving joint torques of redundant manipulators for the eases without and with taking the joint torque limits into consideration, respectively. The first neural network is called the Lagrangian network and the second one is called the primal-dual network. In both neural-network-based computation schemes, while the desired accelerations of the end-effector for a specific task are given to the neural networks as their inputs, the signals of the minimum driving joint torques are generated as their outputs to drive the manipulator arm. Both proposed recurrent neural networks are shown to be capable of generating minimum stable driving joint torques. In addition, the driving joint torques computed by the primal-dual network are shown never exceeding the joint torque limits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W S Tang
- Dept. of Mech. & Autom. Eng., Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong, Shatin
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Many physicians are unaware of the power of the internet. In an era of an empowered public and patients, the internet may be a more powerful determinant of health-seeking behaviour than medical opinion. In the same way, it may provide more information for self-harm than was ever available to the public domain in the past. The internet is effective across cultural and geographical boundaries. In addition to reporting and romanticising suicide, it has a significant impact in assisting and promoting suicide. It provides services and information ranging from general information to online orders of prescription drugs or other poisons that bypass government regulations and custom controls. This bridges the gaps of locality and accessibility, which previously formed a natural divide in selecting the means of suicide. In addition to these negative effects, there is a vast potential to harness these properties to a beneficial effect. The wide acceptance of the internet makes it a powerful tool for recognition of the at-risk individual, for preventing suicide and supporting survivors, with chat rooms taking the place of telephone help lines. In an information age, it is vital for physicians to use all available means of informing and empowering the public and patients. The internet also has a role in training, providing accessible self-help sites for suicidal persons and web-based prevention services, all of which remain sadly under-utilised. The challenge to physicians of the 21st century is to harvest the internet in a beneficial manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Tam
- Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Trust, Sutton in Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, NG17 4JL, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
A discrete-time recurrent neural network which is called the discrete-time Lagrangian network is proposed in this letter for solving convex quadratic programs. It is developed based on the classical Lagrange optimization method and solves quadratic programs without using any penalty parameter. The condition for the neural network to globally converge to the optimal solution of the quadratic program is given. Simulation results are presented to illustrate its performance.
Collapse
|
14
|
Tang WS. Urbanisation in China: a review of its causal mechanisms and spatial relations. Prog Plann 1997; 48:1-65. [PMID: 12321411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews "the forces underpinning Chinese urbanization.... This paper is divided into two main parts. The first addresses the (non-spatial) causal mechanisms between 1949 and 1977. Neither the ideological, the class, nor the economic formulation has touched on the more systemic mechanisms related to the socialist state and the shortage economy. This paper attempts to redress the imbalance by examining the advantages of combining Kornai's shortage model with Foucault's concept of governmentality. By drawing on concepts of spatial contingency, spatial boundary and locality effects, the second part of the paper argues that spatial relations do play significant roles in revealing Chinese urbanisation policies and patterns."
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen MJ, Chen DC, Ma S, Tang WS, Chen YF, Xie XL. [Antibiotic-associated colitis and Clostridium difficile]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 1985; 7:316-8. [PMID: 2939996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|