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Tu X, Wang J, Liu X, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Uwiragiye Y, Elrys AS, Zhang J, Cai Z, Cheng Y, Müller C. Warming-Induced Stimulation of Soil N 2O Emissions Counteracted by Elevated CO 2 from Nine-Year Agroecosystem Temperature and Free Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment. Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:6215-6225. [PMID: 38546713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Globally, agricultural soils account for approximately one-third of anthropogenic emissions of the potent greenhouse gas and stratospheric ozone-depleting substance nitrous oxide (N2O). Emissions of N2O from agricultural soils are affected by a number of global change factors, such as elevated air temperatures and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Yet, a mechanistic understanding of how these climatic factors affect N2O emissions in agricultural soils remains largely unresolved. Here, we investigate the soil N2O emission pathway using a 15N tracing approach in a nine-year field experiment using a combined temperature and free air carbon dioxide enrichment (T-FACE). We show that the effect of CO2 enrichment completely counteracts warming-induced stimulation of both nitrification- and denitrification-derived N2O emissions. The elevated CO2 induced decrease in pH and labile organic nitrogen (N) masked the stimulation of organic carbon and N by warming. Unexpectedly, both elevated CO2 and warming had little effect on the abundances of the nitrifying and denitrifying genes. Overall, our study confirms the importance of multifactorial experiments to understand N2O emission pathways from agricultural soils under climate change. This better understanding is a prerequisite for more accurate models and the development of effective options to combat climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshun Tu
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Agricultural and Climate Change, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yves Uwiragiye
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Environmental Management and Renewable Energy, University of Technology and Arts of Byumba, POB 25 Byumba, Rwanda
| | - Ahmed S Elrys
- Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
- Liebig Centre of Agroecology and Climate Impact Research, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Liebig Centre of Agroecology and Climate Impact Research, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Zucong Cai
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Liebig Centre of Agroecology and Climate Impact Research, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
- Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environmental Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Christoph Müller
- Liebig Centre of Agroecology and Climate Impact Research, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Plant Ecology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- School of Biology and Environmental Science and Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield Dublin 4, Ireland
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Huang Z, Tu X, Yu T, Zhan Z, Lin Q, Huang X. Peritumoural MRI radiomics signature of brain metastases can predict epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e305-e316. [PMID: 38000953 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics features of brain metastases (BMs) can predict epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between June 2014 and December 2022, 58 histopathologically confirmed lung adenocarcinoma patients (27 with EGFR wild-type, 31 with EGFR mutation) who underwent gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced brain MRI were recruited retrospectively. A total of 123 metastatic brain lesions were allocated randomly into the training cohort (n=86) and test cohort (n=37) at a ratio of 7:3. Radiomics models based on multi-sequence MRI images in different regions such as volume of interest (VOI)enhancing tumour, VOIwholetumour, VOIperitumour 1mm, VOIperitumour 3mm, and VOIperitumour 5mm were built. The optimal radiomics model was integrated into the clinical or radiological indicators to construct a fusion model through multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The optimal radiomics model based on the VOIperitumour 1mm, a combination of nine features selected from the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence, yielded areas under the curves (AUCs) of >0.75 in the training and test cohorts. The prediction of the fusion model with integration of clinical factors (age) and radiomics score (the optimal radiomics model) was not better than that of the optimal radiomics model alone in the test cohort (AUC: 0.808 and 0.785, respectively, p=0.525). CONCLUSION The FLAIR radiomics model based on VOIperitumour 1mm as an effective biomarker helps predict EGFR mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma patients with BMs and then assists clinicians in selecting optimal treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Huang
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian, 364000, China.
| | - X Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - T Yu
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Z Zhan
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - Q Lin
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian, 364000, China
| | - X Huang
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 105 North 91 Road, Xinluo District, Fujian, 364000, China
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Zhang Y, Tu X, Zhang Y, Wen D, Zhao F, Yuan L, Li W. [Anti-inflammatory mechanism of Balanophora involucrata: a network pharmacology and molecular docking-based analysis and verification in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2023; 43:383-392. [PMID: 37087582 PMCID: PMC10122734 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.03.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the main chemical constituents of Balanophora involucrata and the mechanism of its antiinflammatory effect based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. METHODS Literature reports, Materia Medica, GeneCards and other databases were searched for anti-inflammatory compounds and their targets. String database and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software were used to obtain the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the drug-active ingredienttargets network and for GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Molecular docking was performed using Auto Dock Tools 1.5.6. In an inflammatory RAW264.7 cell model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the effect of 25, 50, 100, 200 μg/mL Balanophora involucrata extract was tested on the production of inflammatory cytokines and phosphorylation level of PI3K and Akt using ELISA and Western blotting. RESULTS A total of 318 common targets of drugs and diseases were identified, and the core targets were Src, HSP90AA1 and PIK3CA, involving cancer, PI3K/Akt, MAPK and other signaling pathways as shown by KEGG analysis. Molecular docking showed that both the main active constituents of Balanophora involucrata could spontaneously bind to the core targets. In the inflammatory cell model, treatment with Balanophora involucrata extract significantly inhibited the production of IL-1β at the concentrations of 100 and 200 μg/mL, reduced IL-6 and TNF-α expressions at the concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL, and lowered phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt proteins at the concentrations of 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The anti-inflammatory mechanism of Balanophora involucrata involves multiple targets and multiple pathways, and its effect is mediated possibly by reducing IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α production and inhibiting phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt proteins to suppress the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi 445000, China
- School of Medicine, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - X Tu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi 445000, China
- Chinese Medicinal Materials Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Wenter in Wuling Mountainous Area, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Y Zhang
- School of Medicine, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - D Wen
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi 445000, China
- Chinese Medicinal Materials Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Wenter in Wuling Mountainous Area, Enshi 445000, China
| | - F Zhao
- School of Medicine, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - L Yuan
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases (Hubei Minzu University), Enshi 445000, China
- School of Medicine, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - W Li
- School of Medicine, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
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Guo Y, Zhang H, Li L, Chen M, Jia Z, Tu X. The compliance of digital exercise with smart tools in subjects with cardiac arrythmias. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The exercise has well-documented health benefits on cardiovascular disease, and the use of mobile health (mHealth) may promote physical activity to reduce the risk.
Objective
The present study aimed to investigate the compliance of exercise dose and pattern through wearables and mHealth in subjects with cardiac arrhythmia in a real-world setting.
Method
The photoplethysmography (PPG)-algorithms with wearables to detect the ectopic and AF have been developed in the HUAWE HEART STUDY. Using the PPG-based smart devices, the adult subjects with identified arrhythmia received the personalized App-based lifestyle and exercise package was proposed. The V̇O2 peak (mL kg–1 min–1)was estimated from a non-exercise prediction model. The metabolic equivalent (MET)/week and Borg scale were utilized for the assessment of intensity of exercise. All subjects followed up for 3 months for the compliance to the exercise package.
Results
There were 7419 subjects (mean age ± standard deviation, SD, 35±12 years old, 92.1% male) who identified with the arrhythmia between April 1, 2021 and Dec 31, 2021. Among them, there were 165 subjects with identified AF, and 5277 subjects with the ectopic. The obstructive sleep apnea was the most reported risk profile (2643, 35.6%), while 1326 (17.9%) subjects were overweight.
Upon the baseline assessment, the personalized exercise package for cardiovascular disease prevention were proposed for 2864 subjects, exercise package to control the weight for 2510 subjects, and exercise package to reduce the weight for 1886 subjects.
Among 6366 subjects who took the exercise packages, 1867 (29.3%) subjects achieved target exercise, 395 (6.2%) subjects over target exercise, and 4104 (64.5%) under target exercise. The V̇O2 peak (mL kg–1 min–1, SD)in subjects who achieved the target exercise package, under target exercise, and over target exercise were (47.36±5.12, 32.14±22.47, and 65.99±10.38, p<0.001).
For subjects who achieved target exercise, the intensity of exercise was as follows: 0.4% with low-intensity exercise, 95.8% with moderate-intensity exercise, and 3.7% with high-intensity exercise. Nonetheless, there were 37.7% of low-intensity, 60.6% of moderate-intensity exercise, and 1.7% with high-intensity exercise in subjects who didn't achieve exercise target.
77.9% subjects under target exercise had less than 1/week of physical activity, while there was only 12.9% in subjects with target exercise (p<0.001).
Compared to randomly selected 8000 subjects (mean age ± SD, 39±13 years, 80.8% male) without exercise package, the proportion of steps/day over 10000 of 20% was significantly increased in subjects (37±13 years, 91.3% male) receiving the personalized App-based exercise package (31.2%, vs. 12.2%, p<0.001).
Conclusion
The wearables facilitated the improvement of physical activity habit in subjects with cardiac arrhythmia, but subjects-centered self-management would be enhanced to the target exercise.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Natural Science Foundation of China
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Guo
- Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - H Zhang
- Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
| | - L Li
- Huawei Device Ltd Co. , Beijing , China
| | - M Chen
- Huawei Device Ltd Co. , Beijing , China
| | - Z Jia
- Huawei Device Ltd Co. , Beijing , China
| | - X Tu
- Huawei Device Ltd Co. , Beijing , China
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Tu X, Wang J, Liu X, Elrys AS, Cheng Y, Zhang J, Cai ZC, Müller C. Inhibition of Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide to Soil Gross Nitrogen Mineralization Aggravated by Warming in an Agroecosystem. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:12745-12754. [PMID: 35985002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The response of soil gross nitrogen (N) cycling to elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and temperature has been extensively studied in natural and semi-natural ecosystems. However, how these factors and their interaction affect soil gross N dynamics in agroecosystems, strongly disturbed by human activity, remains largely unknown. Here, a 15N tracer study under aerobic incubation was conducted to quantify soil gross N transformation rates in a paddy field exposed to elevated CO2 and/or temperature for 9 years in a warming and free air CO2 enrichment experiment. Results show that long-term exposure to elevated CO2 significantly inhibited or tended to inhibit gross N mineralization at elevated and ambient temperatures, respectively. The inhibition of soil gross N mineralization by elevating CO2 was aggravated by warming in this paddy field. The inhibition of gross N mineralization under elevated CO2 could be due to decreased soil pH. Long-term exposure to elevated CO2 also significantly reduced gross autotrophic nitrification at ambient temperature, probably due to decreased soil pH and gross N mineralization. In contrast, none of the gross N transformation rates were affected by long-term exposure to warming alone. Our study provides strong evidence that long-term dual exposure to elevated CO2 and temperature has a greater negative effect on gross N mineralization rate than the single exposure, potentially resulting in progressive N limitation in this agroecosystem and ultimately increasing demand for N fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshun Tu
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Center of Agricultural and Climate Change, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ahmed S Elrys
- Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Yi Cheng
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zu-Cong Cai
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Christoph Müller
- Institute of Plant Ecology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
- School of Biology and Environmental Science and Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin D04, Ireland
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Xia K, Wang F, Lai X, Luo P, Chen H, Ma Y, Huang W, Ou W, Li Y, Feng X, Lei Z, Tu X, Ke Q, Mao F, Deng C, Xiang A. Gene Editing/Gene Therapies: AAV-MEDIATED GENE THERAPY PRODUCES FERTILE OFFSPRING IN THE LHCGR-DEFICIENT MOUSE MODEL OF LEYDIG CELL FAILURE. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yao F, Ma J, Qin P, Tu X, Li X, Tang X. Age and Sex Differences in the Association of Sleep Duration and Overweight/Obesity among Chinese Participants Age above 45 Years: A Cohort Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:714-722. [PMID: 35842762 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1823-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the association between sleep duration and obesity and estimate the attributable risk of sleep in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study surveys (CHARLS). METHODS A total of 9061 adults aged 45 years above from CHARLS (2011-2015) were included. The main outcome of this study was incident overweight/obesity specific to general and abdominal obesity. Overweight/obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 23.0 (kg/m2) and BMI≥27.5 (kg/m2), respectively. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference ≥90 cm for men and ≥80 cm for women. Self-reported sleep durations were obtained using a structured questionnaire. We assessed hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as well as the population attributable fraction (PAF) for associations between sleep duration and obesity. RESULTS 986 and 606 participants were identified as overweight and general obesity respectively, 1253 experienced abdominal obesity events. In multivariable-adjusted models, participants with daytime sleep of 0-30 minutes and more than 30 minutes associated with 30% (HR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.56-0.87) and 35% (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.55-0.78) decreased incident overweight risk respectively compared to those having no daytime sleep, this association also found among females and middle-aged, not males or elderly. Similarly, 0-30 minutes (HR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.48-0.96) and more than 30 minutes of daytime sleep (HR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.59-0.91) were associated with a reduced risk of abdominal obesity, similar results also found among females and middle-aged. Compared with 7-9 hours of nocturnal sleep, people who slept 5-7 hours had a reduced risk of overweight (HR: 0.59, 95% CI=0.47-0.74),but not found in subgroups. The hazard role of long nocturnal sleep for abdominal obesity was only found among elderly (HR: 2.33, 95% CI=1.35-4.04) and males (HR: 2.24, 95% CI=1.17-4.29). Compared with moderate total sleepers (7-9hours/day), participants with short total sleep duration exhibited an elevated risk of overweight (HR: 1.13, 95% CI=1.00-1.28), this also found among middle-aged. The PAF for inadequate total sleep duration (<7 hours/day) was 10.77% for overweight individuals. CONCLUSIONS Insufficient sleep duration was associated with an elevated risk of overweight only detected among middle-aged not elderly and other subgroups specific by age. The risks for abdominal obesity were increased for males and middle-aged with long nocturnal sleep. Daytime sleep may significantly reduce the risk of overweight and abdominal obesity in female and middle-aged individuals. The link between sleep duration and obesity requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yao
- Xiangyu Tang, Gastroenterology department, Qianhai shekou free trade zone hospital, Shenzhen city, Guangdong province, 518067, China,
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Xiong J, Yang J, Li W, Xiong H, Liu G, Wu F, Fan N, Zeng X, Huang F, Yang L, Tu X, Shi C, Yi B, Ye J, Li P, Tang C, Huang J, Hou P, Zang W, Tan S. 1411P A prospective, multicenter, real-world study of apatinib in the treatment of gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Chen Z, Tu X, Meng H, Chen C, Chen Y, Elrys AS, Cheng Y, Zhang J, Cai Z. Microbial process-oriented understanding of stimulation of soil N 2O emission following the input of organic materials. Environ Pollut 2021; 284:117176. [PMID: 33901983 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Although crop residue return increases upland soil emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas, the mechanisms responsible for the increase remain unclear. Here, we investigate N2O emission pathways, gross nitrogen (N)-cycling rates, and associated N-cycling gene abundances in an upland soil following the addition of various organic material under aerobic incubation using a combination of 15N tracing technique, acetylene (C2H2) inhibition, and real-time PCR (qPCR) methods. Increased total N2O emissions following organic material amendment was attributed to both increased nitrification-derived N2O emissions, following increased ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB)-amoA abundance, and denitrification-derived N2O emissions, following increased nirS and decreased nosZ abundance. Increasing plant residue carbon (C)/N ratio decreased total N2O emissions by decreasing the contribution of denitrification to N2O emissions, potentially due to higher proportions of denitrified N emitted as N2O than nitrified N emitted as N2O. We further propose a novel conceptual framework for organic material input effects on denitrification-derived N2O emissions based on the decomposable characteristics of the added organic material. For slowly decomposing organic materials (e.g., plant residue) with insufficient available C, NO3--N immobilization surpassed denitrification, resulting in gradual decrease in denitrification-derived N2O emissions with an increase in mineralization of plant residue C losses. In contrast, available C provided by readily available C sources (e.g., glucose) seemed sufficient to support the co-occurrence of NO3--N immobilization and denitrification. Overall, for the first time, we offer a microbial process perspective of N2O emissions following organic material input. The findings could facilitate the improvement of process-orientated models of N2O emissions and the formulation of appropriate N2O mitigation strategies for crop residue-amended soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxiong Chen
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaoshun Tu
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Han Meng
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuejun Chen
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ahmed S Elrys
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Yi Cheng
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zucong Cai
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Soil Utilization & Sustainable Agriculture, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Wang J, Tu X, Zhang H, Cui J, Ni K, Chen J, Cheng Y, Zhang J, Chang SX. Effects of ammonium-based nitrogen addition on soil nitrification and nitrogen gas emissions depend on fertilizer-induced changes in pH in a tea plantation soil. Sci Total Environ 2020; 747:141340. [PMID: 32795801 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) plants have an optimal pH range of 4.5-6.0, and prefer ammonium (NH4+) over nitrate (NO3-); strong soil acidification and nitrification are thus detrimental to their growth. Application of NH4+-based fertilizers can enhance nitrification and produce H+ that can inhibit nitrification. However, how soil acidification and nitrification are interactively affected by different NH4+-based fertilizers in tea plantations remains unclear. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the application of different forms and rates of NH4+-based fertilizers on pH, net nitrification rates, and N2O and NO emissions in an acidic tea plantation soil. We conducted a 35-day aerobic incubation experiment using ammonium sulphate, urea and ammonium bicarbonate applied at 0, 100 or 200 mg N kg-1 soil. Urea and ammonium bicarbonate significantly increased both soil pH and net nitrification rates, while ammonium sulphate did not affect soil pH but reduced net nitrification rates mainly due to the acidic nature of the fertilizer. We found that the effect of different NH4+-based nitrogen on soil nitrification depended on the impact of the fertilizers on soil pH, and nitrification played an important role in NO emissions, but not in N2O emissions. Overall, urea and ammonium bicarbonate application decoupled crop N preference and the form of N available in spite of increasing soil pH. We thus recommend the co-application of urease and nitrification inhibitors when urea is used as a fertilizer and nitrification inhibitors when ammonium bicarbonate is used as a fertilizer in tea plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Department of Renewable Resources, 442 Earth Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Xiaoshun Tu
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingya Cui
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kang Ni
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jinlin Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Scott X Chang
- Department of Renewable Resources, 442 Earth Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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11
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Zhang H, Wang D, Tong Z, Xiang T, Tu X, Dai X, Zhu X, Fu Q, Liu L, Zheng Y, Zhao P, Fang W, Chen W. 109P Efficacy and safety of biweekly or triweekly XELOX regimen for adjuvant chemotherapy of colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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12
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Feng Y, Tu X, Kim W, Lou Z. 24P Identification of Zfp161 as a regulator of the c-Myc oncogene in human cells. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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13
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Mutter R, Tu X, Qin B, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Kahila M, Nowsheen S, Yin P, Yuan J, Li H, Yu J, Zhou Q, Zhao F, Liu J, Zhang C, Dong H, Lou Z. PD-L1 is an RNA Binding Protein That Regulates the Expression of DNA Damage Response Genes and Can be Targeted to Sensitize Cancer to Radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Kremen W, Beck A, Gustavson D, Reynolds C, Tu X, Sanderson-Cimino M, Lyons M, Franz C. DOES EDUCATION ENHANCE INTELLECTUAL ABILITY AND COGNITIVE RESERVE? EVIDENCE FOR A SENSITIVE PERIOD. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W Kremen
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A Beck
- San Diego State University
| | | | | | - X Tu
- University of California, San Diego
| | | | | | - C Franz
- University of California San Diego
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15
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Slayday R, Franz C, Fang B, Tu X, Gustavson D, Lyons M, Kremen W. INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND APOE-E4 STATUS ON GENERAL COGNITIVE ABILITY IN MIDDLE-AGED MEN. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy031.3563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - C Franz
- University of California San Diego
| | - B Fang
- University of California San Diego
| | - X Tu
- University of California, San Diego
| | | | | | - W Kremen
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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16
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Zhang Y, Zheng T, Xia K, Yang Q, Zhou M, Tu X, Sun X, Deng C. 021 Potential role of 5-HT serotonin system in the rat spinal cord of premature ejaculation with category III prostatitis. J Sex Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Tian G, Li X, Liu C, Xie Y, Xu F, Yu D, Tu X, Yao X, He J. MA 15.07 Consistency Analysis of Mutations in Tumor Tissue and Circulating Cell-Free DNA in Lung Cancer Patients Through next Generation Sequencing. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Mei D, Liu S, Tu X. CO2 reforming with methane for syngas production using a dielectric barrier discharge plasma coupled with Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalysts: Process optimization through response surface methodology. J CO2 UTIL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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19
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Abstract
Mutations in the Wilms' tumor gene, WT1, can lead to syndromic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome and isolated steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. WT1 mutations have been identified in the majority of children with Denys-Drash or Frasier syndrome. WT1 mutations have not previously been identified in boys with sporadic isolated steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, but, recently, four boys with isolated nephrotic syndrome were identified to have WT1 mutations. However, whether boys with sporadic isolated steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome should be routinely subjected to mutation analysis of WT1 has not been established. We examined 35 boys with sporadic isolated steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome for mutations in WT1. Mutation analysis of all 10 exons of WT1 was performed by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. Karyotype analysis or Y chromosome identification was performed for all patients. A Y chromosome or a 46, XY karyotype was demonstrated for all 35 patients. No causative WT1 mutation was identified in any of the patients. The WT1 mutation, IVS4+14T>C, which is not predicted to affect splicing, was identified in one patient who achieved complete remission after 8 weeks of oral prednisone treatment, indicating that IVS4+14T>C is not a causative mutation. Five WT1 polymorphisms were also identified in some patients and controls. Our results suggest that mutation analysis of WT1 should not be routinely performed for genetically defined boys with sporadic isolated steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Fuzhou Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou Fujian, China
| | - F Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Fuzhou Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou Fujian, China
| | - X Tu
- Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Z Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Fuzhou Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou Fujian, China
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20
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Autere A, Karvonen L, Säynätjoki A, Roussey M, Färm E, Kemell M, Tu X, Liow TY, Lo GQ, Ritala M, Leskelä M, Honkanen S, Lipsanen H, Sun Z. Slot waveguide ring resonators coated by an atomic layer deposited organic/inorganic nanolaminate. Opt Express 2015; 23:26940-26951. [PMID: 26480355 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.026940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, slot waveguide ring resonators patterned on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer and coated with an atomic layer deposited nanolaminate consisting of alternating layers of tantalum pentoxide and polyimide were fabricated and characterized. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of atomic layer deposition (ALD) of organic materials in waveguiding applications. In our nanolaminate ring resonators, the optical power is not only confined in the narrow central air slot but also in several parallel sub-10 nm wide vertical polyimide slots. This indicates that the mode profiles in the silicon slot waveguide can be accurately tuned by the ALD method. Our results show that ALD of organic and inorganic materials can be combined with conventional silicon waveguide fabrication techniques to create slot waveguide ring resonators with varying mode profiles. This can potentially open new possibilities for various photonic applications, such as optical sensing and all-optical signal processing.
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21
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Snoeckx R, Zeng YX, Tu X, Bogaerts A. Plasma-based dry reforming: improving the conversion and energy efficiency in a dielectric barrier discharge. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01100k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving the conversion and energy efficiency in a dielectric barrier discharge for the production of chemicals and fuels from carbon dioxide and methane.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Snoeckx
- Research Group PLASMANT
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Antwerp
- Antwerp
- Belgium
| | - Y. X. Zeng
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L69 3GJ
- UK
| | - X. Tu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L69 3GJ
- UK
| | - A. Bogaerts
- Research Group PLASMANT
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Antwerp
- Antwerp
- Belgium
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22
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Finkelstein SA, Keely E, Feig DS, Tu X, Yasseen AS, Walker M. Breastfeeding in women with diabetes: lower rates despite greater rewards. A population-based study. Diabet Med 2013; 30:1094-101. [PMID: 23692476 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 03/31/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore intention to breastfeed and breastfeeding rates in hospital and on discharge across women with pre-gestational or gestational diabetes mellitus, or no diabetes. METHODS A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using data from four Ontario hospitals. Women who delivered a viable infant between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2010 were included in the study. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were calculated for each outcome measure and were used to compare the breastfeeding rates among women with and without diabetes. RESULTS After controlling for potential confounders, women with insulin-treated diabetes were less likely to intend to breastfeed, when compared with women without diabetes (adjusted odds ratio 0.49, 95% CI 0.27-0.89). In hospital, women with insulin-treated diabetes were least likely to breastfeed (odds ratio 0.42, 95% CI 0.26-0.67), followed by women with non-insulin-treated diabetes (odds ratio 0.50, 95% CI 0.26-0.96) and women with gestational diabetes (odds ratio 0.77, 95% CI 0.68-0.87) when compared with women without diabetes. On discharge, women with insulin-treated diabetes were least likely to breastfeed (odds ratio 0.38, 95% CI 0.24-0.60), followed by women with gestational diabetes (odds ratio 0.75, 95% CI 0.66-0.85); rates of breastfeeding among women with non-insulin-treated diabetes were comparable on discharge with those of women without diabetes. Women seeking care from an antenatal provider other than a physician were 2-3 times more likely to breastfeed in hospital and on discharge. CONCLUSIONS Women with insulin-treated diabetes had the poorest outcomes with respect to breastfeeding rates. Gestational and non-insulin-treated diabetes were associated with lower rates of breastfeeding in hospital, while gestational diabetes was additionally associated with lower breastfeeding rates on discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Finkelstein
- Obstetrics and Maternal Newborn Investigations (OMNI) Research Group, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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23
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Tu X, Gallon H, Whitehead J. Plasma-assisted reduction of a NiO/Al2O3 catalyst in atmospheric pressure H2/Ar dielectric barrier discharge. Catal Today 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2013.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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24
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Aerts R, Tu X, Van Gaens W, Whitehead JC, Bogaerts A. Gas purification by nonthermal plasma: a case study of ethylene. Environ Sci Technol 2013; 47:6478-6485. [PMID: 23676182 DOI: 10.1021/es400405c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The destruction of ethylene in a dielectric barrier discharge plasma is investigated by the combination of kinetic modeling and experiments, as a case study for plasma-based gas purification. The influence of the specific energy deposition on the removal efficiency and the selectivity toward CO and CO2 is studied for different concentrations of ethylene. The model allows the identification of the destruction pathway in dry and humid air. The latter is found to be mainly initiated by metastable N2 molecules, but the further destruction steps are dominated by O atoms and OH radicals. Upon increasing air humidity, the removal efficiency drops by ± 15% (from 85% to 70%), but the selectivity toward CO and CO2 stays more or less constant at 60% and 22%, respectively. Beside CO and CO2, we also identified acetylene, formaldehyde, and water as byproducts of the destruction process, with concentrations of 1606 ppm, 15033 ppm, and 185 ppm in humid air (with 20% RH), respectively. Finally, we investigated the byproducts generated by the humid air discharge itself, which are the greenhouse gases O3, N2O, and the toxic gas NO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Aerts
- Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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25
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Erdmanis M, Karvonen L, Säynätjoki A, Tu X, Liow TY, Lo QG, Vänskä O, Honkanen S, Tittonen I. Towards broad-bandwidth polarization-independent nanostrip waveguide ring resonators. Opt Express 2013; 21:9974-9981. [PMID: 23609703 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.009974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a new method for accessing the broad-bandwidth polarization-independent operation of a microring resonator based on the standard photonic nanostrip waveguides. The method employs the selective application of atomic layer deposition to form highly uniform TiO(2) overlayers with the specific dispersion properties. The wide operation window is achieved by matching the wavelength dependencies of the free spectral ranges of the two orthogonal polarizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Erdmanis
- Aalto University, Department of Micro- and Nanosciences, Tietotie 3, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland.
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26
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Shi T, Yang L, Yang G, Tu X, Wu X, Cheng X, Wei Q. AOSP24 DNA POLYMERASE ζ AS A POTENTIAL BIOMARKER OF CHEMORADIATION RESISTANCE AND POOR PROGNOSIS FOR CERVICAL CANCER. Eur J Cancer 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(13)70035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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27
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Tu X, Chen AR, Biondini F, Ma RJ, Lan C. Application of digital photogrammetry in wind tunnel test for bridge model. The Imaging Science Journal 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/1743131x11y.0000000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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28
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Yang Z, Li W, Tu X, Tang W, Messing S, Duan L, Pan J, Li X, Wan C. Validation and psychometric properties of Chinese version of SF-36 in patients with hypertension, coronary heart diseases, chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer. Int J Clin Pract 2012; 66:991-8. [PMID: 22994333 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2012.02962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SF-36 is widely used as a significant health outcome or quality of life indicator and validated in many languages versions including Chinese. But the Chinese version of the SF-36 (CSF-36) is rarely used for those patients with hypertension, coronary heart diseases, chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer in China. Therefore, the CSF-36 needs to be validated in patients with chronic diseases. OBJECTIVES This paper is aimed to validate the CSF-36 using an in-patient sample of four chronic diseases from mainland China, with focusing on psychometric properties. METHODS The CSF-36 was used in a longitudinal study consisting of 534 patients in these four chronic disease groups. The psychometric properties of the scale were evaluated by indicators such as validity and reliability coefficients Cronbach α, Pearson r, standardized response mean employing correlational analyses, multi-trait scaling analysis, t-tests, factor analyses and structural equation models. RESULTS Test-retest reliability coefficients for all domains were higher than 0.80 with a range of 0.83 to 0.96; the internal consistency (α) for most domains was higher than 0.70. Five of the eight domains as well as the Physical and Mental Health subscale summaries all had statistically significant changes after treatment with the SRM ranging from 0.18 to 0.28. CONCLUSION The CSF-36 showed good validity and reliability but small responsiveness when used in patients. It is a good and useful instrument for patients with chronic disease at some situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, China
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Abstract
Heavy alcohol consumption provokes an array of degenerative pathologies but the signals that couple alcohol exposure to regulated forms of cell death are poorly understood. Using Drosophila as a model, we genetically establish that the severity of ethanol challenge dictates the type of death that occurs. In contrast to responses seen under acute exposure, cytotoxic responses to milder challenges required gene encoding components of the apoptosome, Dronc and Dark. We conducted a genome-wide RNAi screen to capture targets that specifically mediate ethanol-induced cell death. One effector, Drat, encodes a novel protein that contains an ADH domain but lacks essential residues in the catalytic site. In cultured cells and neurons in vivo, depletion of Drat conferred protection from alcohol-induced apoptosis. Adults mutated for Drat showed both improved survival and enhanced propensities toward sedation after alcohol challenge. Together, these findings highlight novel effectors that support regulated cell death incited by alcohol stress in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, USA
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30
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Säynätjoki A, Karvonen L, Alasaarela T, Tu X, Liow TY, Hiltunen M, Tervonen A, Lo GQ, Honkanen S. Low-loss silicon slot waveguides and couplers fabricated with optical lithography and atomic layer deposition. Opt Express 2011; 19:26275-82. [PMID: 22274212 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.026275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate low-loss silicon slot waveguides patterned with 248 nm deep-UV lithography and filled with atomic layer deposited aluminum oxide. Propagation losses less than 5 dB/cm are achieved with the waveguides. The devices are fabricated using low-temperature CMOS compatible processes. We also demonstrate simple, compact and efficient strip-to-slot waveguide couplers. With a coupler as short as 10 µm, coupling loss is less than 0.15 dB. The low-index and low-nonlinearity filling material allows nonlinearities nearly two orders of magnitude smaller than in silicon waveguides. Therefore, these waveguides are a good candidate for linear photonic devices on the silicon platform, and for distortion-free signal transmission channels between different parts of a silicon all-optical chip. The low-nonlinearity slot waveguides and robust couplers also facilitate a 50-fold local change of the waveguide nonlinearity within the chip by a simple mask design.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Säynätjoki
- Aalto University, School of Electrical Engineering, Espoo, Finland.
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31
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Shan B, Wang H, Ren Y, Tu X, Jiang Z. Phase II study of combination paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e15580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Cheng X, Yang G, Schmeler KM, Coleman RL, Tu X, Liu J, Kavanagh JJ. Recurrence patterns and prognosis of endometrial stromal sarcoma and the potential of tyrosine kinase-inhibiting therapy. Gynecol Oncol 2011; 121:323-7. [PMID: 21277011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.12.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2010] [Revised: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a rare uterine malignancy. The current treatment approaches yield unsatisfactory results, and potential therapeutic targets need exploration. METHODS We reviewed the electronic medical records of 74 patients with low-grade ESS who had been evaluated at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center between 1995 and 2006. Using immunohistochemistry, we tested the expression of targets in paraffin-embedded tissue samples taken from 13 of the patients. RESULTS Forty-seven patients (64%) had a recurrence, and 16 (22%) had died of their disease at last follow-up. The 10-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 43% (median PFS duration, 108months), and the overall survival (OS) rate was 85% (median OS, 288months). Patients who received hormonal therapy had an overall response rate of 27%; another 53% had stable disease, with a median time to progression of 24months. No complete response or partial response was observed among patients who received radiotherapy or chemotherapy. In the paraffin-embedded specimens we tested, c-abl was expressed universally. Expression of PDGF-α, PDGF-β, VEGF, and c-Kit was detected in 33%, 36%, 54%, and 8%, of specimens, respectively. EGFR and HER-2 were not detectable in any specimens. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that ESS is a hormone-dependent malignancy, with hormonal therapy having activity in recurrent disease. Targeted therapy, specifically targeting c-abl may be a potential treatment for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Cheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Bányai K, Esona MD, Liu A, Wang Y, Tu X, Jiang B. Molecular detection of novel adenoviruses in fecal specimens of captive monkeys with diarrhea in China. Vet Microbiol 2009; 142:416-9. [PMID: 19926233 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus (AdV) has been recently detected among monkeys with diarrhea in a major research primate colony in China. To better assess disease burden and epidemiology of adenoviruses in the colony, we examined the prevalence of this virus in fecal specimens by PCR using broadly reactive hexon gene-specific primers. Of the 29 strains that were characterized by sequence and phylogenetic analysis, we identified a broad spectrum of simian AdV (SAdV) types, including species SAdV-A (n=14) and HAdV-G (n=9). Six additional strains represented two genetic clusters distantly related to other known SAdVs. A better understanding of the epidemiology of SAdVs and their potential role in gastroenteritis is critical to the implementation of advanced prevention strategies against AdV infection in captive primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bányai
- Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA
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Tu X, Wen D, Yun Z, Wei W, Liang Z, Hui L, You Z. UP-3.056: Lithotripsy by Outer Sheath of Resectoscope Combined with TURP in the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Complicated with Bladder Stones. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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35
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Tu X, Zhao L, Deng L, Wang W, Zhao L, Liang H, Zheng L, Deng C. UP-2.064: The Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment for Obstructive Azoospermia: Report of 56 Cases. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Tu X, Miao L, Kang Y, Xia H, Tu JW, Wang Q, Tu Q, Wang JM, Hao H. Effects of dl-praeruptorin a on cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes with hypertrophy induced by endothelin-1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 31:231-6. [DOI: 10.1358/mf.2009.31.4.1371199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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Wan C, Meng Q, Yang Z, Tu X, Feng C, Tang X, Zhang C. Validation of the simplified Chinese version of EORTC QLQ-C30 from the measurements of five types of inpatients with cancer. Ann Oncol 2008; 19:2053-60. [PMID: 18653703 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdn417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND European Organization for Research and Treatment quality of life (QOL) questionnaire (QLQ-C30) has been used frequently and many language versions have been developed, including the simplified Chinese version. It is important to study psychometric properties of the simplified Chinese version from the clinical standpoint. PATIENTS AND METHODS The simplified Chinese version of the QLQ-C30 was used in a longitudinal study of 600 patients with five types of cancer: lung, breast, head and neck, colorectal, and stomach. The psychometric properties of the scale were evaluated by indicators of validity and reliability coefficients such as Cronbach's alpha and Pearson's correlation coefficient r, standardized response mean (SRM), correlational analysis, t-tests, and structural equation models. RESULTS Correlation and structural equation model analyses confirmed good construct validity with root mean square error of approximation 0.054, standardized root mean square residual 0.037, non-normed fit index 0.972, and comparative fit index 0.980. The alpha coefficients for all domains are >0.7 except for cognitive functioning (0.49). The test-retest reliability coefficients for most domains are >0.80 except for appetite loss (0.77) and diarrhea (0.75). The QOL score changes after treatments were of statistical significance with higher or moderate SRM in most domains. CONCLUSION The simplified Chinese version of QLQ-C30 has good validity, reliability, and responsiveness and can be used to measure QOL for Chinese cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wan
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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Hunter DJ, Zhang YQ, Tu X, Lavalley M, Niu JB, Amin S, Guermazi A, Genant H, Gale D, Felson DT. Change in joint space width: hyaline articular cartilage loss or alteration in meniscus? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 54:2488-95. [PMID: 16868968 DOI: 10.1002/art.22016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relative contribution of hyaline cartilage morphologic features and the meniscus to the radiographic joint space. METHODS The Boston Osteoarthritis of the Knee Study is a natural history study of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). Baseline and 30-month followup assessments included knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluoroscopically positioned weight-bearing knee radiographs. Cartilage and meniscal degeneration were scored on MRI in the medial and lateral tibiofemoral joints using a semiquantitative grading system. Meniscal position was measured to the nearest millimeter. The dependent variable was joint space narrowing (JSN) on the plain radiograph (possible range 0-3). The predictor variables were MRI cartilage score, meniscal degeneration, and meniscal position measures. We first conducted a cross-sectional analysis using multivariate regression to determine the relative contribution of meniscal factors and cartilage morphologic features to JSN, adjusting for body mass index (BMI), age, and sex. The same approach was used for change in JSN and change in predictor variables. RESULTS We evaluated 264 study participants with knee OA (mean age 66.7 years, 59% men, mean BMI 31.4 kg/m(2)). The results from the models demonstrated that meniscal position and meniscal degeneration each contributed to prediction of JSN, in addition to the contribution by cartilage morphologic features. For change in medial joint space, both change in meniscal position and change in articular cartilage score contributed substantially to narrowing of the joint space. CONCLUSION The meniscus (both its position and degeneration) accounts for a substantial proportion of the variance explained in JSN, and the change in meniscal position accounts for a substantial proportion of change in JSN.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Hunter
- Boston University Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Arthritis Center, and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
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Hunter DJ, Zhang YQ, Niu JB, Tu X, Amin S, Clancy M, Guermazi A, Grigorian M, Gale D, Felson DT. The association of meniscal pathologic changes with cartilage loss in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 54:795-801. [PMID: 16508930 DOI: 10.1002/art.21724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of meniscal tears and meniscal malposition as risk factors for subsequent cartilage loss in subjects with symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Study subjects were patients with symptomatic knee OA from the Boston Osteoarthritis of the Knee Study. Baseline assessments included knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with followup MRI at 15 and 30 months. Cartilage and meniscal damage were scored on MRI in the medial and lateral tibiofemoral joints using the semiquantitative whole-organ magnetic resonance imaging score. Tibiofemoral cartilage was scored on MR images of all 5 plates of each tibiofemoral joint, and the meniscal position was measured using eFilm Workstation software. A proportional odds logistic regression model with generalized estimating equations was used to assess the effect of each predictor (meniscal position factor and meniscal damage as dichotomous predictors in each model) on cartilage loss in each of the 5 plates within a compartment. Models were adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), tibial width, and sex. RESULTS We assessed 257 subjects whose mean +/- SD age was 66.6 +/- 9.2 years and BMI was 31.5 +/- 5.7 kg/m2; 42% of subjects were female, and 77% of knees had a Kellgren/Lawrence radiographic severity grade > or = 2. In the medial tibiofemoral joint, each measure of meniscal malposition was associated with an increased risk of cartilage loss. There was also a strong association between meniscal damage and cartilage loss. Since meniscal coverage and meniscal height diminished with subluxation, less coverage and reduced height also increased the risk of cartilage loss. CONCLUSION This study highlights the importance of an intact and functioning meniscus in patients with symptomatic knee OA, since the findings demonstrate that loss of this function has important consequences for cartilage loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Hunter
- Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Mccall WV, Perlis ML, Tu X, Groman AE, Krystal A, Walsh JK. A comparison of placebo and no-treatment during a hypnotic clinical trial. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2005; 43:355-9. [PMID: 16119510 DOI: 10.5414/cpp43355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep parameters commonly improve during placebo treatment in insomnia clinical trials. We examined whether the improvement seen with placebo was related to taking pills or other non-specific factors. METHOD 95 insomniacs took either a placebo pill (pill+) or no pill (pill-) on nights of their choosing over 12 weeks. RESULTS Pills were consumed on about half of the nights. Consistent improvement was seen with reduced reported sleep latency, wakefulness after sleep onset, number of awakenings, and total sleep time over the 12 weeks for both the pill+ and pill condition. A difference between pill+ and pill- was detected only for total sleep time, and this difference favored pill+. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that improvement seen during placebo treatment is more related to non-specific factors of participating in clinical trial than to pill taking behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- W V Mccall
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1071, USA.
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Abstract
The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) and its docking protein, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), play important roles in cell transformation, cell differentiation and aging. IRS-1 and other IRS proteins can, under certain conditions, localize to the nuclei of cells, where they undergo interactions with nuclear and nucleolar proteins. In this study, we confirm and extend these observations, demonstrating that IRS-1 is preferentially nuclear in growing cells. Differentiation and inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis cause subcellular redistribution of IRS-1 and other nuclear proteins to the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Tu
- Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia 19107, USA
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Tu X, Nisan I, Miller JF, Hanski E, Rosenshine I. Construction of mini-Tn5cyaA' and its utilization for the identification of genes encoding surface-exposed and secreted proteins in Bordetella bronchiseptica. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2001; 205:119-23. [PMID: 11728725 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10934.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A mini-Tn5 transposon derivative, mini-Tn5cyaA', has been constructed. It contains a promoter-less and ribosome binding site-deficient reporter gene, encoding the catalytic domain of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA'). We used this system to mutagenize B. bronchiseptica and we developed a screen for identification of mutants containing cyaA' translational fusions. This system was used to identify B. bronchiseptica genes that encode surface-exposed and secreted proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Tu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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Tu X. Construction of mini-Tn5cyaA′ and its utilization for the identification of genes encoding surface-exposed and secreted proteins in Bordetella bronchiseptica. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1097(01)00451-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Tu X, Wu J, Xu Y, Shi Y. 1H, 13C and 15N resonance assignments and secondary structure of ADR6 DNA-binding domain. J Biomol NMR 2001; 21:187-188. [PMID: 11727987 DOI: 10.1023/a:1012434510376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Tu GC, Tu X. GTI-2501. Lorus Therapeutics. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 2001; 2:1467-70. [PMID: 11890367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Lorus Therapeutics (formerly GeneSense Technologies) is developing GTI-2501, directed against the R1 component of ribonucleotide reductase, for the potential treatment of cancer [348928]. In November 2000, the company filed an IND with the FDA in preparation to begin a phase I trial in the US in the first quarter of 2001 [389975], [396537], [397960]. In March 2001, the FDA approved the IND application [402350], and in June 2001, a phase I, dose-escalating trial in patients with lymphomas or solid tumors which have not responded to standard therapy commenced in the US [412225]. The company expected the phase I trial of GTI-2501 to be completed within 12 to 15 months [420582]. In November 1999, the company reported that in preclinical trials, GTI-2501 was an effective anticancer agent when tested in standard mouse models bearing a variety of different human cancer lines including tumor cells derived from lung, breast, colon, kidney, ovary pancreas and skin cancers [348928]. Lorus received a patent from the US PTO in January 2000, covering the design and use of unique anitisense anticancer drugs, including GTI-2501 and GTI-2040 [353538]. In June 2000, the USPTO allowed a patent to specifically protect GTI-2501 [370810].
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Tu
- Department of Pathology, Cell Biology and Anatomy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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Reiss K, Tu X, Romano G, Peruzzi F, Wang JY, Baserga R. Intracellular association of a mutant insulin-like growth factor receptor with endogenous receptors. Clin Cancer Res 2001; 7:2134-44. [PMID: 11448933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
The type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) is emerging as a powerful survival factor against a variety of apoptotic agents in many cell types. A mutant IGF-IR designated 486/STOP is known to induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of human tumor cells in mice. We have investigated the mechanism of action of 486/STOP. To study it, we have developed a new retroviral vector in which we have combined a self-inactivating 5'-long terminal repeat with an inducible heat-shock promoter (heat shock protein 70) from Drosophila. Using this technique, we find that the polypeptide encoded by 486/STOP is partially retained within the cell and partially secreted. However, the secreted polypeptide is subsequently taken up by the cells. In both cases, a specific intracellular interaction of 486/STOP with the endogenous IGF-IRs can be demonstrated by coimmunoprecipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Reiss
- Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
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Romano G, Reiss K, Tu X, Peruzzi F, Belletti B, Wang JY, Zanocco-Marani T, Baserga R. Efficient in vitro and in vivo gene regulation of a retrovirally delivered pro-apoptotic factor under the control of the Drosophila HSP70 promoter. Gene Ther 2001; 8:600-7. [PMID: 11320406 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3301441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2000] [Accepted: 01/30/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a self-inactivating retroviral vector system with an internal, inducible Drosophila HSP70 promoter. This vector system delivers the desired transgene into cells rapidly and efficiently. It generates mixed populations of transduced cells where the transgene is inducible, and does not require the isolation of specific clones. Since the transgene is not expressed (or poorly expressed) at the restrictive condition (34 degrees C), mixed populations can be selected in which tumor suppressors or other inhibitory genes can be strongly induced upon changing the conditions (39 degrees C or the plant amino acid L-canavanine). This retroviral vector should be very useful for the expression of sequences that are poorly tolerated by cells, and is also active in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Romano
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Zeng W, Zhang X, Tu X, Guang S, Xiao Y, Shi Y. Expression and purification of the DNA-binding domain of the human transcription factor E2F1. Protein Expr Purif 2001; 21:99-104. [PMID: 11162393 DOI: 10.1006/prep.2000.1346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The DNA-binding domain of the human transcription factor E2F1 was expressed in Escherichia coli. Through a single purification step using a Ni2+ column, 40-50 mg of the highly purified recombinant protein was obtained from 1 liter of bacterial culture. In addition, it was shown that the recombinant protein had higher stability and solubility under acidic conditions than at a neutral or alkaline pH. The gel shift assay showed that the recombinant E2F1 DNA-binding domain was active in binding a fragment containing E2F sites. Circular dichroism measurements revealed that the recombinant protein approximately contains 33% alpha-helix, 11% beta-sheet, 5% turn, and 51% random coil at pH 7.0, and there was no obvious change for the secondary structure of the recombinant protein between pH 4.0 and pH 9.0. A 3D model was obtained by comparative protein modeling with a homologous protein whose structure was known by program Modeller 4. With the program DSSP, the predicted secondary structure content of the model was consistent with the result of circular dichroism spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zeng
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, People's Republic of China
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Reiss K, Wang JY, Romano G, Tu X, Peruzzi F, Baserga R. Mechanisms of regulation of cell adhesion and motility by insulin receptor substrate-1 in prostate cancer cells. Oncogene 2001; 20:490-500. [PMID: 11313980 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2000] [Revised: 11/09/2000] [Accepted: 11/13/2000] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
LNCaP cells are human prostatic cancer cells that have a frame-shift mutation of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN and do not express the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), a major substrate of the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR). Ectopic expression of IRS-1 in LNCaP cells increases cell adhesion and decreases cell motility by an IGF-I-independent mechanism. We show now that these effects of IRS-1 are accompanied by serine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and are inhibited by inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). We have confirmed the requirement for PI3K activity and serine phosphorylation by the use of IRS-1 mutants, expressed in LNCaP cells. Serine phosphorylation inhibits IGF-I-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation of IRS-1, which is restored by the expression of wild-type PTEN or by inhibition of PI3K activity. Finally, IRS-1 in LNCaP cells co-immunoprecipitates with integrin alpha 5 beta 1, and the association is again IGF-I-independent. We conclude that in LNCaP cells, IRS-1 is serine phosphorylated by PI3K, generating effects that are different, and even opposite, from those generated by IGF-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Reiss
- Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 624 Biology Life Science Building, 233 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, PA 19107, USA
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Crits-Christoph P, Connolly MB, Gallop R, Barber JP, Tu X, Gladis M, Siqueland L. Early improvement during manual-guided cognitive and dynamic psychotherapies predicts 16-week remission status. J Psychother Pract Res 2001; 10:145-54. [PMID: 11402077 PMCID: PMC3330652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the extent to which improvement from baseline to weeks 2, 3, and 4 on the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory predict week 16 clinical remission for patients with major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and/or obsessive-compulsive or avoidant personality disorders who were receiving manual-based psychotherapies. Logistic regression and receiver-operator characteristic analyses revealed relatively accurate identification of remitters and nonremitters based on improvement from baseline to sessions 2 to 4 in both original and cross-validation samples. Predictive success did not vary as a function of diagnosis, treatment type (cognitive or dynamic), or treatment status (short-term or long-term). The clinical implications of the results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Crits-Christoph
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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