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Kitade Y, Tsukano K, Miyamoto Y, Suzuki K. Mastitis causes negative reproduction performance similar to genital diseases. Res Vet Sci 2022; 153:35-44. [PMID: 36308789 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The economic efficiency of dairy farms is directly influenced by reproductive performance. Reproductive performance is affected by postpartum health; however, it is unknown which diseases reduce reproductive performance or how often these diseases occur in tie-stall dairy farms. In this study, the 15 most frequent diseases in tie-stalls and their impact on reproduction were determined by logistic analysis. Data from reproductive and veterinary records of 814 cows (473 Holstein) calving between April 2016 and March 2018 reared in 9 tie-stall commercial dairy farms were used. The 15 most frequent diseases were identified by medical records. The odds ratio (OR) of the diseases reducing reproductive performance (days open, number of artificial insemination, and first artificial insemination days in milk) was measured by logistic regression analysis. We focused on mastitis, and factors (inflammation grade, causative bacteria) having a negative effect on reproduction were measured similarly. Of the 15 most frequent diseases, endometritis (OR: 5.45, p < 0.001), ovarian quiescence (OR: 3.95, p < 0.001), mastitis (OR: 2.49, p < 0.001), and follicular cyst (OR: 2.33, p = 0.006) significantly prolonged days open after adjusting for environmental factors (farm, parity, and calving season). Focusing on mastitis, mastitis with mild inflammation significantly prolonged days open. Mastitis and genital diseases were frequent diseases that reduced reproductive performance. Strategies to reduce the incidence of these diseases are considered effective for the economics of tie-stall dairy farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Kitade
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan; Kitade Animal Clinic, 653 Sakae, Kitahiyama-ku setana-cho kudo-gun, Hokkaido 049-4751, Japan
| | - Kenji Tsukano
- Minami-Hokkaido Agricultural Mutual Relief Association, 74-2 Higashimae, Hokuto, Hokkaido 041-1214, Japan
| | - Yuichi Miyamoto
- Minami-Hokkaido Agricultural Mutual Relief Association, 74-2 Higashimae, Hokuto, Hokkaido 041-1214, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Suzuki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
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2
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Fukuda T, Tsukano K, Otsuka M, Murakami Y, Kitade Y, Nakatsuji H, Sera K, Suzuki K. Relationship between postnatal days, serum Cu concentration and plasma diamine oxidase activity in Japanese Black calves. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:1488-1491. [PMID: 32779634 PMCID: PMC7653307 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of study was to investigate the relationships among serum diamine oxidase (DAO)
activity, postnatal days and the plasma copper (Cu) concentration, using calves with or
without diarrhea. In healthy calves, the serum DAO activity was significantly higher at 2
postnatal days than at ≥7 postnatal days, and no significant changes were observed after 7
postnatal days. In addition, no significant correlation was found between serum DAO
activity and plasma Cu concentration at all postnatal days in healthy calves. Although,
the serum DAO activity in 14 diarrheic calves (66.78 ± 14.37 IU/ml) was
lower than that in 19 healthy calves (170.33 ± 97.83
IU/m, P<0.01), plasma Cu concentrations in all calves
remained within the normal range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Fukuda
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimati, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kenji Tsukano
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimati, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Marina Otsuka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimati, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Murakami
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimati, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kitade
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimati, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakatsuji
- College of Agriculture, Food and Environment Sciences, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimati, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kouichiro Sera
- Cyclotron Research Center, Iwate Medical University, Tomegamori, Takizawa, Iwate 020-0173, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Suzuki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimati, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
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3
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Tsukano K, Shimamori T, Fukuda T, Nishi Y, Otsuka M, Kitade Y, Suzuki K. Serum iron concentration as a marker of inflammation in young cows that underwent dehorning operation. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:626-628. [PMID: 30828032 PMCID: PMC6483902 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the usefulness of serum iron (Fe) concentration as a marker of inflammation caused by the dehorning operation. Five young Holstein cows aged 205.0 ± 10.7 days and weighing 207.2 ± 24.1 kg underwent the dehorning operation. Blood samples were withdrawn before dehorning (pre) and at time periods of t=0.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hr. The serum amyloid A (SAA) concentration was significantly high at t=48 hr (P<0.01). The serum Fe concentration significantly decreased, reaching 90.0 ± 36.4 µg/dl at t=24 hr (P<0.001). Therefore, serum Fe concentration showed significant and negative correlation with SAA concentration (r2=0.500, P<0.01). In conclusion, serum Fe concentration is a useful marker of inflammation in young cows that have undergone the dehorning operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Tsukano
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Toshio Shimamori
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Fukuda
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Nishi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Marina Otsuka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kitade
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Suzuki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunnkyoudai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
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Kandeel M, Elaiziz MA, Kandeel A, Altaher AA, Kitade Y. Association of host tropism of Middle East syndrome coronavirus with the amino acid structure of host cell receptor dipeptidyl peptidase 4. Acta Virol 2015; 58:359-63. [PMID: 25518718 DOI: 10.4149/av_2014_04_359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Middle East syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a recently emerging betacoronavirus with high fatality. Recently, dipeptidyle peptidase (CD26, DPP4) was identified as the host cell receptor for MERS-CoV. Interestingly, despite of common presence of DPP4 receptors the binding and infection of various cells shows imminent variability. In this report, we provide a tool for prediction of the host tropism of the virus based on the host receptor binding interface. We found out that, in the binding of MERS-CoV to cells the amino acid residues in lancets 4 and 5 of DPP4 receptor, namely K267, Q286, T288, R317, R336, Q344 A291, L294, and I295 are involved. Changes in these residues correspond to profound decrease in virus binding to cells. The nine residues at the interface between the virus spikes and the lancets 4 and 5 of host DPP4 can be used as a predictive tool for the host tropism and virus affinity to host cell receptors.
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Abstract
Corticosteroids (CST) are the gold standard for asthma management and for several decades have been considered the cornerstone for asthma control. With the recent advent of genomic and structural analysis technologies, the molecular basis of the side effects, toxicity and resistance mechanisms of drug treatment are better understood. With respect to CST, there is consistent evidence that while CST therapy improves asthma symptoms, it does not alter the natural course of asthma or offer clear long-lasting improvement of respiratory performance. Therefore, the development of drugs capable of minimizing or avoiding CST side effects, toxicity and resistance could be the way forward for establishing new asthma therapies. This review summarizes the molecular basis of corticosteroid mechanisms of action and the related mechanisms influencing side effects and resistance. The future of CST adjunctive or replacement therapy is also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kandeel
- Department of Pharmacology, Kafrelshiekh University, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt.
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Kandeel M, Elgazar W, Kitade Y. The Binding Interactions of the Macrolide Endectocide Ivermectin with the Antibiotics Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline HCL. Indian J Pharm Sci 2013; 74:592-6. [PMID: 23798790 PMCID: PMC3687934 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.110635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ivermectin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin and tetracycline HCl are common drugs in human and veterinary practice. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible binding interactions between ivermectin and the antibiotics chloramphenicol, ampicillin and tetracycline HCl. Isothermal titration calorimetry was used to determine the binding interactions between ivermectin and these antibiotics. Results indicated that, about three molecules of ampicillin can bind to one molecule of ivermectin and about one molecule of chloramphenicol with one molecule of ivermectin. However, no binding stoichiometry can be detected with tetracycline HCl-ivermectin titration. Furthermore, the binding interactions were accompanied by various biophysical and biochemical mechanisms. This is the first report of such interactions of ivermectin with chloramphenicol, ampicillin and tetracycline HCl. There are possible binding interactions of ivermectin with chloramphenicol and ampicillin. Further studies are required for detecting the impact of this binding on biological aspects of drug actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kandeel
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences,Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Tanaka N, Umeda T, Kusakabe Y, Nakanishi M, Kitade Y, Nakamura KT. Structural basis of fosmidomycin's action on Plasmodium falciparum. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311092397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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8
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Akao Y, Nakagawa Y, Hirata I, Iio A, Itoh T, Kojima K, Nakashima R, Kitade Y, Naoe T. Role of anti-oncomirs miR-143 and -145 in human colorectal tumors. Cancer Gene Ther 2010; 17:398-408. [PMID: 20094072 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2009.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We examined the expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs (miRs)) in colorectal tumors (63 cancer specimens and 65 adenoma specimens) and paired non-tumorous tissues. Decreased expression of miR-143 and -145 was frequently observed in the adenomas and cancers tested, compared with miR-34a downregulation and miR-21 upregulation. Expression profiles of miR-143 and -145 were not associated with any clinical features. As the downregulation of miR-143 and -145 was observed even in the early phase of adenoma formation, the decreased expression of both miRs would appear to contribute mainly to the initiation step of tumorigenesis, not to the progression stage, and not to clinical prognostic factors. For clinical application, we changed the sequences of the passenger strand in the miR-143 duplex and performed chemical modification at the 3'-overhang portion of miR-143, leading to greater activity and stability to nuclease. The cell growth inhibitory effect of the chemically modified synthetic miR-143 in vitro was greater than that of endogenous miR-143. The miR-143 showed a significant tumor-suppressive effect on xenografted tumors of DLD-1 human colorectal cancer cells. These findings suggest that miR-143 and -145 are important onco-related genes for the initiation step of colorectal tumor development and that the chemically modified synthetic miR-143 may be a hopeful candidate as an RNA medicine for the treatment of colorectal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Akao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kakamigahara, Gifu, Japan.
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9
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Tanokura M, Ito K, Nakanishi M, Lee WC, Zhi Y, Sasaki H, Zenno S, Saigo K, Kitade Y. Expansion of substrate specificity and the structural basis of AzoR from Escherichia coli. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767308090958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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10
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Asamitsu K, Yamaguchi T, Nakata K, Hibi Y, Victoriano AFB, Imai K, Onozaki K, Kitade Y, Okamoto T. Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication by Blocking I B Kinase with Noraristeromycin. J Biochem 2008; 144:581-9. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvn104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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11
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Ueno Y, Kawamura A, Kato T, Kitade Y. Synthesis and properties of a novel molecular beacon containing a benzene-phosphate backbone at a stem moiety. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007:293-4. [DOI: 10.1093/nass/nrm147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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12
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Ohashi M, Yoshida K, Kushida M, Miura Y, Ohnami S, Ikarashi Y, Kitade Y, Yoshida T, Aoki K. Adenovirus-mediated interferon alpha gene transfer induces regional direct cytotoxicity and possible systemic immunity against pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 2005; 93:441-9. [PMID: 16106250 PMCID: PMC2361577 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated a characteristically high sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) gene transfer, which induced a more prominent growth suppression and cell death in pancreatic cancer cells than in other types of cancers and normal cells. The IFN-alpha protein can exhibit both direct cytotoxicity and indirect immunological antitumour activity. Here, we dissected and examined the two mechanisms, taking advantage of the fact that IFN-alpha did not show any cross-species activity in its in vivo effect. When a human IFN-alpha adenovirus was injected into subcutaneous xenografts of human pancreatic cancer cells in nude mice, tumour growth was significantly suppressed due to cell death in an adenoviral dose-dependent manner. The IFN-alpha protein concentration was markedly increased in the injected subcutaneous tumour, but leakage of the potent cytokine into the systemic blood circulation was minimal. When a mouse IFN-alpha adenovirus was injected into the same subcutaneous tumour system, all mice showed significant tumour inhibition, an effect that was dependent on the indirect antitumour activities of IFN-alpha, notably a stimulation of natural killer cells. Moreover, in this case, tumour regression was observed not only for the injected subcutaneous tumours but also for the untreated tumours at distant sites. This study suggested that a local IFN-alpha gene therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer, due to its dual mechanisms of antitumour activities and lack of significant toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ohashi
- Genetics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Genetics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - M Kushida
- Section for Studies on Host-immune Response, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Y Miura
- Genetics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - S Ohnami
- Genetics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Y Ikarashi
- Pharmacology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Y Kitade
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - T Yoshida
- Genetics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - K Aoki
- Section for Studies on Host-immune Response, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Section for Studies on Host-immune Response, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan. E-mail:
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Tanaka N, Nakanishi M, Kusakabe Y, Goto Y, Kitade Y, Nakamura KT. Crystal structure of the N-terminal ankyrin repeat domain of human RNase L. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305089440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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14
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Kusakabe Y, Tanaka N, Nakanishi M, Shiraiwa K, Yabe S, Ito Y, Kitade Y, Nakamura KT. Structure of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase from Plasmodium falciparum. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305089464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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15
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Kitade Y, Tanida Y, Tuboi T, Yoshimura A, Nakanishi M, Yatome C. Synthesis of 2-5As possessing base-modified adenosines and their activities to human recombinant RNase L. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser 2003:29-30. [PMID: 12903252 DOI: 10.1093/nass/44.1.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The unique 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A) acts as a potent inhibitor of translation in vertebrate cells through the activation of a constituent latent 2-5A-dependent endoribonuclease (RNase L). This 2-5A system plays a major role in the interferon natural defense mechanism against viral infection. We report the syntheses of base-modified adenosine-substituted 2-5A derivatives, their interaction with recombinant human RNase L and their biological stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitade
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Kitade Y, Kozaki A, Miwa T, Nakanishi M, Yatome C. Synthesis of carbocyclic nucleosides and their SAH hydrolase inhibitory activities. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser 2003:111-2. [PMID: 12903293 DOI: 10.1093/nass/44.1.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The cellular enzyme S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) hydrolase has emerged as a target enzyme for the molecular design of anti-viral agents. Recently, SAH hydrolase has been considered as an attractive target in parasite chemotherapy for malaria. We report synthesis of several carbocyclic purine nucleosides and their inhibitory activities against human and malaria recombinant SAH hydrolases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitade
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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17
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Yokogawa T, Takenaka K, Ogawa D, Futagami M, Matsuda A, Fukushima M, Kitade Y, Wataya Y. Cytotoxic mechanisms of inhibitor of RNA synthesis, 1-(3-C-ethynyl-beta-D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)cytosine (ECyd, TAS-106). Nucleic Acids Symp Ser 2003:193-4. [PMID: 12903334 DOI: 10.1093/nass/44.1.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the molecular mechanisms of cell death induced by 1-(3-C-ethynyl-beta-D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)cytosine (ECyd, TAS-106: Figure 1), a potent inhibitor of RNA synthesis, using mouse mammary tumor FM3A cells and human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells. ECyd induced the characteristics of apoptosis on these cells, such as morphological changes, DNA fragmentations and caspase-3-like protease activation. General caspases inhibitor (Z-Asp-CH2-DCB) inhibited cell death. Interestingly, we also found that ECyd induced rRNA fragmentation with the size of 3.2, 2.8 and 1.5 kb, and which might be caused by inhibition of RNA synthesis. rRNA fragmentation was mainly occurred in D8 domain of 28 S rRNA, and the end of 5'-terminal sequence of 1.5 kb fragment was C3220pC3221p or C3221pG3222p, that was identical to the recognition sequence of RNase L. Furthermore, the fragmentation patterns of rRNA digested with RNase L resembled that of ECyd treated cells in shape. These results indicate that antitumor mechanisms of ECyd are involved in activation of RNase L. rRNA fragmentation may be one of the death events as a result of inhibition of RNA synthesis and play an important role in the antitumor activity of ECyd.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yokogawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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18
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Wataya Y, Futagami M, Naito T, Uchikubo Y, Yokogawa T, Takenaka K, Kim HS, Matsuda A, Fukushima M, Kitade Y. Anticancer molecular mechanism of 3'-ethynylcytidine (ECyd). Nucleic Acids Res Suppl 2003:233-4. [PMID: 12836350 DOI: 10.1093/nass/1.1.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The antitumor ribonucleoside analogue 1-(3-C-ethynyl-beta-D-ribo-pentofuranosyl)cytosine (ECyd), synthesized in 1995, has strong antitumor activity. In mouse mammary tumor FM3A cells, ECyd was rapidly phosphorylated to ECyd-triphosphate (ECTP) as the final product, strongly inhibiting RNA synthesis. The ultimate metabolite of ECyd, ECTP, is stable in cultured FM3A cells with a half-life of 21 hr; ECyd is on a "closed" metabolic pathway to ECTP. Deaminated ECyd derivatives were minor metabolites in the cells treated with Ecyd; therefore cytidine forms probably were not converted to uridine forms at the nucleoside or nucleotide stage. The characteristics of ECyd may be important for the antitumor activity. RNA polymerase in the nucleus was inhibited competitively by ECTP; the ki value was 21 nM. ECyd induced DNA and 28S ribosomal RNA fragnetations. The cleavage pattern of rRNA resembled in that mediated by RNase L. The results suggested that RNase L related mechanisms might be involved in the antitumor activity of ECyd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wataya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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19
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Kozaki A, Zulfiqar F, Ueno Y, Kitade Y. Synthesis of carbocyclic nucleosides as potential antiviral agents. Nucleic Acids Res Suppl 2003:59-60. [PMID: 12836263 DOI: 10.1093/nass/1.1.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of 1-[(1'R,2'S,3'S,4'S)-4'-methanesulfonyl-2',3'-O- isopropylidenedioxycyclopentan-1'-yl]-1-H-uracil with LiN3 gave 1-[(1'R,2'S,3'R)-2',3'-O-isopropylidenedioxy-4'- cyclopenten-1'-yl]-1-H-uracil. When KOBut was added instead of LiN3, 1-[(1'R,2'S)-2',3'-O- isopropylidenedioxy-3'-cyclopenten-1'-yl]-1-H-uracil was produced. An analogous treatment of the methanesulfonyl derivative of thymine was also carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kozaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Ueno Y, Mikawa M, Hoshika S, Takeba M, Kitade Y, Matsuda A. Alternate-strand triple-helix formation by the 3'-3'-linked oligodeoxynucleotides with the intercalators at the junction point. Nucleic Acids Res Suppl 2003:11-2. [PMID: 12836239 DOI: 10.1093/nass/1.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
3'-3'-Linked oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) with the anthraquinonyl group at the junction point were synthesized on a DNA synthesizer using a controlled pore glass (CPG), which has pentaerythritol carrying the intercalator at one of the four hydroxymethyl groups. Stability of the triplexes with the target duplexes was studied by thermal denaturation. The 3'-3'-linked ODNs with the anthraquinonyl group enhanced the thermal stability of the triplexes when compared with those without the intercalator and the unmodified nonamer. The inhibitory activity of the 3'-3'-linked ODNs against the cleavage of the target DNA by the restriction enzyme Hind III was tested. It was found that the 3'-3'-linked ODN with the anthraquinonyl group at the junction point inhibited the cleavage by the enzyme more effectively than the nonamer and the 3'-3'-linked ODN without the intercalator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ueno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
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21
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Naito T, Yokogawa T, Kim HS, Futagami M, Wataya Y, Matsuda A, Fukushima M, Kitade Y, Sasaki T. Anticancer mechanisms of 1-(3-C-ethynyl- -D-ribopentofuranosyl) cytosine (Ecyd, TAS-106). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1093/nass/2.1.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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22
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Watanabe S, Kitade Y, Masaki T, Nishioka M, Satoh K, Nishino H. Effects of lycopene and Sho-saiko-to on hepatocarcinogenesis in a rat model of spontaneous liver cancer. Nutr Cancer 2002; 39:96-101. [PMID: 11588908 DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc391_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rat is a well-characterized model of spontaneous hepatocarcinogenesis. It has been shown that dietary administration of lycopene or the herbal medicine Sho-saiko-to (TJ-9) has anticarcinogenic activity, although the mechanism by which these products protect against carcinogenesis is not well known. We investigated the outcome of administration of lycopene and TJ-9 on the occurrence of hepatic neoplasia in LEC rats. A diet containing 0.005% lycopene (originally the product of tomato oleoresin containing 13% lycopene) and 1% TJ-9 (crude extracts of 7 herbs: bupleurum root, pinellia tuber, scutellaria root, jujube fruit, ginseng root, glycyrrhiza root, and ginger rhizome) was administered from 6 weeks of age until the rats were sacrificed at 76 weeks of age, at which time most of the nontreated animals were known to have hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Development of HCC in treated groups was analyzed histologically by comparison with untreated controls. Glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P) was analyzed by an immunohistochemical method. Concentration of copper, iron, and zinc, which appear to play a role in hepatocarcinogenesis in LEC rats, was analyzed. The percent areas of HCC in the liver specimens of control, lycopene, and TJ-9 groups were 17.9 +/- 17.1%, 27.2 +/- 20.8%, and 27.6 +/- 18.4%, respectively. These intergroup differences were not significant. The percent area, number of areas, and mean size of area staining positively for GST-P revealed no significant differences between the groups. The number of GST-P-positive areas within the HCC lesions was greater in the TJ-9 group than in the control or lycopene group (p = 0.024 and p = 0.012, respectively). The study also demonstrated a lower concentration of iron in livers of the lycopene group than the control group (p = 0.019). There were no differences in serum alpha-fetoprotein levels or the cumulative survival rates between the groups. In conclusion, long-term administration of lycopene or TJ-9 did not reduce the risk of hepatocarcinogenesis in LEC rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Watanabe
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kagawa Medical University, Kagawa 761-0701, Japan.
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23
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Abstract
An FMN-dependent NADH-azoreductase of Escherichia coli was purified and analyzed for identification of the gene responsible for azo reduction by microorganisms. The N-terminal sequence of the azoreductase conformed to that of the acpD gene product, acyl carrier protein phosphodiesterase. Overexpression of the acpD gene provided the E. coli with a large amount of the 23-kDa protein and more than 800 times higher azoreductase activity. The purified gene product exhibited activity corresponding to that of the native azoreductase. The reaction followed a ping-pong mechanism requiring 2 mol of NADH to reduce 1 mol of methyl red (4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid) into 2-aminobenzoic acid and N,N'-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine. On the other hand, the gene product could not convert holo-acyl carrier protein into the apo form under either in vitro or in vivo conditions. These data indicate that the acpD gene product is not acyl carrier protein phosphodiesterase but an azoreductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakanishi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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24
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Abstract
Recombinant S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) hydrolase of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified to homogeneity and characterized. Comparison of the malaria parasite SAH hydrolase with that derived from the human gene indicated marked differences in kcat values. The values of both forward and reverse reactions of P. falciparum SAH hydrolase are more than 21-fold smaller than those of the human enzyme. Km values of the parasite and human SAH enzymes are 1.2 and 7.8 microM, respectively. On the other hand, IC50 values of neplanocin A, a strong inhibitor of SAH hydrolase and a growth inhibitor of P. falciparum, are 101 nM for the parasite enzyme and 47 nM for human enzyme. P. falciparum SAH hydrolase has been thought to be a target for a chemotherapeutic agent against malaria. This study may make it possible to develop a specific inhibitor for the parasite SAH hydrolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakanishi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biochemistry, Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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25
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Abe J, Kitade Y, Kuwano K, Watanabe T, Saga N. Isolation of a cDNA encoding a homologue of ribosomal protein L36 in a marine green alga, Enteromorpha compressa. DNA Res 2000; 7:309-13. [PMID: 11089913 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/7.5.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Abe
- Center for Advanced Technology, Tokai University, Shizuoka, Japan
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26
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Watanabe S, Hosomi N, Kitade Y, Kurokohchi K, Arima K, Kawabata H, Uchida Y, Nishioka M. Assessment of the presence and severity of esophagogastric varices by splenic index in patients with liver cirrhosis. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2000; 24:788-94. [PMID: 11045704 DOI: 10.1097/00004728-200009000-00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether spleen size is related to the severity of esophageal varices or associated gastric varices and liver functions in patients with cirrhosis. METHOD The authors retrospectively studied spleen size on CT (splenic index [SI] = length x width x height of the spleen), liver functions, and the results of esophagogastric endoscopy in 110 patients with cirrhosis. They also analyzed SI in 112 controls. RESULTS In controls, body weight, height, and age affected the SI. The SI in patients with uncompensated cirrhosis was greater compared with the SI in those with well-compensated disease (p = 0.0363). The SI in patients with esophageal varices was greater than in patients without esophageal varices (p<0.0001), but patients with and without gastric varices had similar SI values. The SI in patients with the red color signs (red wale marking, cherry red spot, and hematocystic spot) on esophageal varices or with risky varices (enlarged tortuous varices with beady, nodular, or tumor shape associated with red color signs) was greater than in patients without these signs (p = 0.0029 and p = 0.0030, respectively). CONCLUSION The SI is a good indicator of the severity of esophageal varices and hepatic functional reserve in patients with cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Watanabe
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kagawa Medical University, Japan
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27
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Kitade Y, Kozaki A, Gotoh T, Miwa T, Nakanishi M, Yatome C. Synthesis of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase inhibitors and their biological activities. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser 2000:25-6. [PMID: 10780361 DOI: 10.1093/nass/42.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Several nucleosides have been prepared as a possible inhibitor of human S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) hydrolase for the development of anti-viral agents. Recently, SAH hydrolase has been considered as an attractive target for parasite chemotherapy for malaria. We report synthesis of several nucleosides including carbocyclic nucleosides and their inhibitory activities against recombinant malaria and human SAH hydrolases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitade
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Japan
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28
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Kitade Y, Wakana M, Tsuboi T, Yatome C, Bayly SF, Player MR, Torrence PF. 2-Methyladenosine-Substituted 2',5'-oligoadenylates: conformations, 2-5A binding and catalytic activities with human ribonuclease L. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2000; 10:329-31. [PMID: 10714492 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00703-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
2-Methyladenosine-substituted analogues of 2-5A, p5'A2'p5'A2'p5'(me2A), p5'(me2A)2'p5'A2'p5'A, and p5'(me2A) 2'p5'(me2A)2'pS'(me2A), were prepared via a modification of a lead ion-catalyzed ligation reaction. These 5'-monophosphates were subsequently converted into the corresponding 5'-triphosphates. Both binding and activation of human recombinant RNase L by various 2-methyladenosine-substituted 2-5A analogues were examined. Among the 2-5A analogues, p5'A2'p5'A2'p5'(me2A) showed the strongest binding affinity and was as effective as 2-5A itself as an activator of RNase L. The CD spectra of both p5'(me2A)2'p5'A2'p5'A and p5'A2'p5'A2'p5'(me2A) were superimposable on that of p5'A2'p5'A2'p5'A, indicative of an anti orientation about the base-glycoside bonds as in naturally occurring 2-5A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitade
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Japan.
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29
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Kitade Y, Yamazaki S, Watanabe T, Saga N. Structural features of a gene encoding the vacuolar H+-ATPase c subunit from a marine red alga, Porphyra yezoensis. DNA Res 1999; 6:307-12. [PMID: 10574457 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/6.5.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the nucleotide sequence of a gene encoding the c ('16 kDa') subunit of the vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) from a marine red alga, Porphyra yezoensis. A cDNA clone was isolated from a leafy gametophyte cDNA library and analyzed for the sequence. The genomic DNA sequence was directly determined by nested PCR. The structural gene contained four introns within a coding sequence of 483 base pairs which encodes a polypeptide of 161-amino acids with four hydrophobic transmembrane-spanning regions. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences showed higher similarity to the land plant Oryza sativa (69.1%) than to the Ulvophyceae Acetabularia acetabulum (64.1%). The mRNA was detected both in the leafy gametophytes and filamentous sporophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitade
- Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokai University, Shimizu, Shizuoka, Japan
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30
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Kitade Y, Nakanishi M, Yatome C. 9-[(2'S,3'S)-3'-formyl-2',3'-dihydroxypropyl]adenine: a facile affinity-labeling probe of human S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1999; 9:2737-40. [PMID: 10509926 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(99)00470-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of human recombinant S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) hydrolase with 9-[(2'S,3'S)-3'-formyl-2',3'-dihydroxypropyl]adenine (FDHPA) caused irreversible inactivation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner (Ki = 8.8 microM, k(inact) = 0.09 min(-1)). FDHPA behaved as a facile affinity-labeling probe of SAH hydrolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitade
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Japan
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31
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Kitade Y, Nakanishi M, Hosoya A, Hiraoka A, Hayashi M, Mori K, Gotoh T, Yatome C. Synthesis of DHPA analogs and their inhibitory activities of human recombinant S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser 1998:11-2. [PMID: 9585974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report syntheses of DHPA analogs, e.g., 9-(3-formyl-2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine (FDHPA) and 9-(3-formyl-2,3-dihydroxypropyl)hypoxanthine (FDHPI). Among these DHPA analogs, FDHPA behaved as an irreversible inactivator of human recombinant SAH hydrolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitade
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Japan
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32
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Itoh K, Kitade Y, Kobayashi S, Nakanishi M, Yatome C. Demethylation of Acridine Orange by Arthrobacter globiformis. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1998; 60:781-785. [PMID: 9595195 DOI: 10.1007/s001289900694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Itoh
- Nagoya Municipal Industrial Research Institute, Japan
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33
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Itoh K, Kitade Y, Yatome C. Oxidative biodegradation of an anthraquinone dye, pigment violet 12, by Coriolus versicolor. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1998; 60:786-790. [PMID: 9595196 DOI: 10.1007/s001289900695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Itoh
- Nagoya Municipal Industrial Research Institute, Japan
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34
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Kitade Y, Saito N, Kozaki A, Takahashi K, Yatome C, Takeda Y, Sajiki H, Hirota K. Facile method for the preparation of 7-methyl-8-oxoguanosines as an immunomodulator. Nucleosides Nucleotides 1998; 17:91-7. [PMID: 9708343 DOI: 10.1080/07328319808005160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of 9-(2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-7-methylguaninium iodide (2a) with hydrogen peroxide in acetic acid gave the corresponding 7-methyl-8-oxoguanosine derivative (3a) in good yield. Deprotection of 3a easily gave 7-methyl-8-oxoguanosine (1), which is well-known as an immunomodulator. Substitution of acetyl group at the N2-position of guanine ring accelerated the oxidation reaction of the 7-methylguaninium iodide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitade
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Japan.
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35
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Itoh K, Kitade Y, Yatome C. A pathway for biodegradation of an anthraquinone dye, C.I. disperse red 15, by a yeast strain Pichia anomala. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1996; 56:413-418. [PMID: 8825963 DOI: 10.1007/s001289900059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Itoh
- Nagoya Municipal Industrial Research Institute, Japan
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36
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Abstract
Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) is a transcription factor that is critical for the inducible expression of multiple cellular and viral genes. DNA binding activity is essential for its function. Here, we report that gold compounds, especially aurothioglucose (AuTG), have a strong inhibitory effect on NF-kappa B-DNA binding. Our finding also reveals that Zn2+ is a necessary component of NF-kappa B for its DNA binding activity and that gold ion can efficiently block NF-kappa B-DNA binding, presumably through oxidation of the cysteins associated with zinc. This redox mechanism may provide an explanation for the observed efficacy of gold compounds in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Yang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Nagoya City University Medical School, Japan
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37
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Kitade Y, Suzuki A, Hirota K, Maki Y, Nakane H, Ono K, Baba M, Shigeta S. Synthesis and anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) activity of 3-substituted derivatives of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT), and inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase by their 5'-triphosphates. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1992; 40:920-4. [PMID: 1381996 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.40.920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Various 3-substituted 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine analogs (2a-i) were prepared by the reaction of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (1), AZT with N,N-dimethylformamide dialkylacetal or alkyl bromide in the presence of base and their activities against human-immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) were evaluated. The corresponding 5'-triphosphate analogs (9) were also synthesized in order to examine inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity. Beyond expectation, some N3-derivatives of AZT were found to reserve the anti-HIV-1 activity to some extent. Among the compounds (2a-i) obtained, 3-allyl-AZT (2e) was the most active against HIV-1 replication in MT-4 cells in vitro with an EC50 value of 0.9 microM. 3-Allyl-AZT 5'-triphosphate (9e), however, exhibited no inhibition of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitade
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Japan
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38
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Kitade Y, Nakata Y, Hirota K, Maki Y, Pabuccuoglu A, Torrence PF. 8-Methyladenosine-substituted analogues of 2-5A: synthesis and their biological activities. Nucleic Acids Res 1991; 19:4103-8. [PMID: 1714563 PMCID: PMC328547 DOI: 10.1093/nar/19.15.4103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
8-Methyladenosine-substituted analogues of 2-5A, p5'A2'p5'A2'p5'(me8A), p5'A2'p5'(me8A)2'p5'(me8A), p5'(me8A)2'p5'(me8A)2'p5'(me8A), and p5'(me8A) 2'p5'A2'p5'A, were prepared via a modification of a lead ion-catalyzed ligation reaction. These 2-5A monophosphates were converted into the corresponding 5'-triphosphates. Substitution of an 8-methyladenosine residue at the third position (2'-terminus) of the oligonucleotides increased the stability to snake venom phosphodiesterase digestion. Both binding and activation of mouse liver 2-5A dependent ribonuclease (RNase L) by the various 8-methyladenosine-substituted 2-5A analogues were examined. Among the 8-methyladenosine-substituted trimer analogues, the analogues with 8-methyladenosine residing in the 2'-terminal position showed the strongest binding affinity and were several times more effective than 2-5A itself as an inhibitor of translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kitade
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Japan
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39
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Hirota K, Hosono H, Kitade Y, Maki Y, Chu CK, Schinazi RF, Nakane H, Ono K. Synthesis and anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) activity of 3'-deoxy-3'-(triazol-1-yl)thymidines and 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-(triazol-1-yl)uridines and inhibition of reverse transcriptase by their 5'-triphosphates. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1990; 38:2597-601. [PMID: 1704819 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.38.2597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
3'-Deoxy-3'-(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)thymidines (5a, 6a, 8a, 11a, and 12a) and 2',3'-dideoxy-3'-(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)uridines (5b, 6b, 8b, 11b, and 12b) were synthesized as cyclic analogues of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) and 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxyuridine (CS-87) by the cyclization of 5'-trityl derivatives (1a, b) of AZT and CS-87 using alpha-ketophosphorus ylides and with acetylenic compounds followed by deprotection of the 5'-trityl group. It was hypothesized that the triazole nitrogen atoms could mimic and distorted azido group. However, no significant activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was observed with any of these compounds. 5'-Triphosphates (17a and 18a, b), prepared from 5a and 6a, b, were inactive against HIV-1 and Rauscher murine leukemia virus (RLV) reverse transcriptases.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hirota
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Japan
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40
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Maki Y, Shimada K, Sako M, Kitade Y, Hirota K. Photochemical oxidation of 4-ethoxy-2-methyl-5-morpholino-3(2H)-pyridazinone (Emorfazone) by pyrimido[5,4-g]pteridine 5-oxide. An attempt to apply a functional chemical model for biological oxidations to drug-metabolism studies. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1988; 36:1714-20. [PMID: 3203412 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.36.1714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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41
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Alster D, Brozda D, Kitade Y, Wong A, Charubala R, Pfleiderer W, Torrence PF. 2',5'-Phosphodiesterase activity depends upon the presence of a 3'-hydroxyl moiety in the penultimate position of the oligonucleotide substrate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1986; 141:555-61. [PMID: 3492204 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(86)80209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
3'-Deoxyadenosine (3'dA, cordycepin)-substituted analogs of 2-5A core 5'-monophosphate (p5'A2'p5'A2'p5'A) were examined for their sensitivity toward degradation by the 2'-phosphodiesterase activity in cytoplasmic extracts of mouse L cells. The analogs, p5'(3'dA)-2'p5'A2'p5'A, p5'(3'dA)2'p5'A2'p5'(3'dA) and p5'A2'p5'A2'p5'(3'dA) were degraded at a rate comparable to p5'A2'p5'A2'p5'A itself. On the other hand, under the assay conditions examined p5'A2'p5'(3'dA)2'p5'A, like p5'(3'dA)2'p5'(3'dA)2'p5'(3'dA), was completely resistant to degradation. The data imply that sensitivity to the 2',5'-phosphodiesterase activity of mouse L cells requires the presence of 3'-hydroxyl moiety in the penultimate nucleotide.
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