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Calderon-Hernandez J, Jarquin-Yañez L, Reyes-Arreguin L, Diaz-Padilla LA, Gonzalez-Compean JL, Gonzalez-Montalvo P, Rivera-Gomez R, Villanueva-Toledo JR, Pech K, Arrieta O, Leal YA. Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survival and spatial analysis of socio-environmental risks in Mexico. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1236942. [PMID: 37901312 PMCID: PMC10603203 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1236942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) etiology remains largely unknown; incidence patterns by age, sex, and geographical distribution suggest a potential environmental role. Aim To identify ALL clusters from four contrasting urban areas of Mexico and to characterize the sources of environmental carcinogens. Methods Hospital-based ALL cases (n = 443) diagnosed in children <19 years old from the Metropolitan Zones of Merida and San Luis Potosi, the State of Mexico, and Tijuana were analyzed (2015-2020). ALL cases were coded according to the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology. ALL clusters were identified by Kernel Density, and excess risk was estimated. Data of particulate matter ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) concentrations measured by community-monitoring stations were analyzed. Geocoded datasets of benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and PM2.5 sources were analyzed to characterize patterns of exposure in ALL clusters. Results The survival rate for ALL ranged from 61.5% to 78.6%. Seven ALL clusters with excess risk (RR 1.4-2.3, p < 0.05) were identified. The carcinogen sources included artisanal brick kilns, gas stations, cement works, carpentry, paint, and chemical manufacturing establishments. PM2.5 levels ranged from 15 µg/m3 to 37 µg/m3 among study areas. Conclusion ALL clusters were identified at the community level; the excess risk could be explained by small-scale carcinogen sources. The levels of PM2.5 in outdoor air ranged from 3 to 6 times above the World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guidelines. Healthcare providers must raise awareness of the increased risk of ALL in children living near sources of environmental carcinogens; cancer control and prevention strategies must be steered from a multi-sectoral and multi-action perspective to protect children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Calderon-Hernandez
- Facultad de Medicina/CIAAS, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
- Global Public Health Program, Boston College, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lizet Jarquin-Yañez
- Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCYT), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Reyes-Arreguin
- Facultad de Medicina/CIAAS, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Luis A Diaz-Padilla
- Servicio de Oncología Pediátrica de la Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Centro Médico Nacional "Ignacio García Téllez", Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social (IMSS), Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Jose Luis Gonzalez-Compean
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Unidad Tamaulipas, Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | - Pablo Gonzalez-Montalvo
- Servicio de Oncología Pediátrica, Hospital O'Horán, Servicios de Salud de Yucatán/Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Rivera-Gomez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
- Comisión de Salud Fronteriza Mexico-Estados, Registro Poblacional de Cáncer de Tijuana BajaREG, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Jairo R Villanueva-Toledo
- Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías (CONAHCYT) - Fundación IMSS, A.C., Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Kristal Pech
- Departamento de Epidemiología del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Oscar Arrieta
- Coordinación del Registro Nacional de Cáncer del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Yelda A Leal
- Coordinación del Registro Nacional de Cáncer del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Registro Poblacional de Cáncer Mérida, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Centro Médico Nacional "Ignacio García Téllez", Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social (IMSS), Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
- Centro Institucional de Capacitación y Registro de Cáncer, Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social (IMSS), Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Leal YA, Torres J, Gamboa R, Mantilla-Morales A, Piña-Sanchez P, Arrieta O, Bonifaz L, Meneses A, Duque C, Piñeros M. Cancer Incidence in Merida, Mexico 2015-2018: First Report from the Population-based Cancer Registry. Arch Med Res 2022; 53:859-866. [PMID: 36462950 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer registries are essential for monitoring cancer burden and patterns, and document changes in time for cancer control. Hereby, we present the first results of four years of the Merida population-based cancer registry in Mexico. METHODS The registry collects data on all new cancers diagnosed since 2015 using both active and passive methods including a total of 104 information sources. Definitions and coding follow international standards. Using CanReg5 software, age-standardized incidence rates (ASR/100,000 person years) were computed by direct method using the world standard population. RESULTS A total of 5684 new cancer cases were registered during 2015-2018, 2321 in males and 3363 in females corresponding to age-adjusted incidence rates (ASR per 100,000) of 128.5, and 153.1, respectively. Most frequent cancers among males were prostate cancer (ASR 29.8), lymphomas (ASR 10.9) and colorectal cancer (ASR 9.7) while among females it was breast cancer (ASR 49.3), cervical cancer (ASR 17.5) and corpus uteri (ASR 11.5). Childhood cancers (0-14 year) represented 2.9% of all cancers, with leukemias accounting for 52% of the new cases. Overall, 87.6% of new cases were microscopically verified. CONCLUSIONS The data reported provide information on the cancer profile in Merida. Prostate and breast cancer are the main incident cancers. Cervical cancers present high rates among women, while lymphomas and liver cancer data merit further exploration. Efforts to support the Merida cancer registry as well as other registries in Mexico need to be pursued in order to have locally recorded data to support cancer control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelda A Leal
- Centro Institucional de Capacitación y Registro de Cáncer, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Centro Médico Nacional, Ignacio García Téllez, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
| | - Javier Torres
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ricardo Gamboa
- Departamento de Oncología, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Centro Médico Nacional, Ignacio García Téllez, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Alejandra Mantilla-Morales
- Laboratorio de Patología de la Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Oncología Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Patricia Piña-Sanchez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Oscar Arrieta
- Coordinación del Registro Nacional de Cáncer del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México
| | - Laura Bonifaz
- Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Abelardo Meneses
- Dirección General del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Celida Duque
- Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Marion Piñeros
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, Francia
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Leal YA, Song M, Zabaleta J, Medina-Escobedo G, Caron P, Lopez-Colombo A, Guillemette C, Camargo MC. Circulating Levels of Sex Steroid Hormones and Gastric Cancer. Arch Med Res 2021; 52:660-664. [PMID: 33781580 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Men develop gastric cancer more frequently than women, yet little is known about the mechanisms underlying this sex difference. Sex steroid hormones may influence gastric cancer risk. We therefore assessed whether major circulating adrenal precursors, androgens and estrogens were associated with gastric cancer in a high-risk Mexican population. METHODS Blood samples were collected at time of diagnosis from 50 noncardia gastric cancer patients and 50 histologically confirmed non-atrophic gastritis controls. Serum levels of estradiol, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) measured with a validated mass spectrometry method were categorized in tertiles as low (T1), middle (T2), and high (T3). Unconditional logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for age, sex, and education. RESULTS Levels of DHEA were inversely associated with gastric cancer (p-trend per tertile increase: <0.0001), with adjusted ORs (95% CI) of T2 and T3 (vs. T1) of 0.25 (0.09-0.70) and 0.10 (0.03-0.34), respectively. Levels of estradiol and testosterone were not significantly associated with gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that higher concentration of circulating DHEA may be associated with lower risk of noncardia gastric cancer. Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the temporality of this association and investigate mechanisms of disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelda A Leal
- Centro Institucional de Capacitación y Registro de Cáncer, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Centro Médico Nacional Ignacio García Téllez, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
| | - Minkyo Song
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Pediatrics and Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Gilberto Medina-Escobedo
- Departamento de Patología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Centro Médico Nacional Ignacio García Téllez, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Patrick Caron
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval de Quebec, Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aurelio Lopez-Colombo
- Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Centro Médico Nacional Manuel Ávila Camacho, Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social, Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Chantal Guillemette
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval de Quebec, Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Constanza Camargo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
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Leal YA, Reynoso-Noverón N, Aguilar-Castillejos LF, Meneses-García A, Mohar A, Piñeros M. Implementation of the population-based cancer registry in the city of Mérida, Mexico: process and early results. Salud Publica Mex 2020; 62:96-104. [PMID: 31869566 DOI: 10.21149/10501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To briefly describe the process of establishment and preliminary results of the Mérida Population-based Cancer Registry (Mérida-PBCR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Mérida-PBCR started in 2016 as a research project in the IMSS, with a gradual increase in its information sources. It covers a population of 908 536 inhabitants. Data collection is active and passive, international standards are used; CanReg5 software enables data entry, storage and analysis. RESULTS Current data include 71.5% of sources. For the period 2015- 2016, a total of 2 623 new cancer cases were registered, the majority of these (60.1%) among females. 81.5% of the cases had morphological verification. Prostate (17.4%), colorectal (8.5%) and stomach (8.1%) cancers were the most common among males, and breast (31.6%), cervix (12%) and corpus uteri (7.6%) cancers, the most common among females. Ageadjusted cancer incidence rates (per 100 000) for all sites combined were 114.9 among males and 145.1 among females. CONCLUSIONS The implementation of the Mérida-PBCR has followed particular parameters, with important efforts to include new information sources. Although the data are still preliminary and must be interpreted with great caution, the main cancers follow a similar pattern to that of the national and regional estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelda A Leal
- Centro Institucional de Capacitación y Registro de Cáncer, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Mérida, Mexico
| | - Nancy Reynoso-Noverón
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Alejandro Mohar
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marion Piñeros
- Sección de Vigilancia del Cáncer, Agencia Internacional para la Investigación en Cáncer. Lyon, France
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5
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Leal YA, Álvarez-Nemegyei J, Lavadores-May AI, Girón-Carrillo JL, Cedillo-Rivera R, Velazquez JR. Cytokine profile as diagnostic and prognostic factor in neonatal sepsis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 32:2830-2836. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1449828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yelda A. Leal
- Cancer Population Record of Merida, Medical High Speciality Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | | | - Ana I. Lavadores-May
- Department of Clinical Neonatology, Regional Hospital 1, IMSS. Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | | | - Roberto Cedillo-Rivera
- Clinic and Epidemiology Interinstitutional Research Unit, Medicine Faculty, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Juan R. Velazquez
- Allergy and Immunogenetics Department, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER), Mexico City, Mexico
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Garay J, Piazuelo MB, Lopez-Carrillo L, Leal YA, Majumdar S, Li L, Cruz-Rodriguez N, Serrano-Gomez SJ, Busso CS, Schneider BG, Delgado AG, Bravo LE, Crist AM, Meadows SM, Camargo MC, Wilson KT, Correa P, Zabaleta J. Increased expression of deleted in malignant brain tumors (DMBT1) gene in precancerous gastric lesions: Findings from human and animal studies. Oncotarget 2017; 8:47076-47089. [PMID: 28423364 PMCID: PMC5564545 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection triggers a cascade of inflammatory stages that may lead to the appearance of non-atrophic gastritis, multifocal atrophic, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and cancer. Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) belongs to the group of secreted scavenger receptor cysteine-rich proteins and is considered to be involved in host defense by binding to pathogens. Initial studies showed its deletion and loss of expression in a variety of tumors but the role of this gene in tumor development is not completely understood. Here, we examined the role of DMBT1 in gastric precancerous lesions in Caucasian, African American and Hispanic individuals as well as in the development of gastric pathology in a mouse model of H. pylori infection. We found that in 3 different populations, mucosal DMBT1 expression was significantly increased (2.5 fold) in individuals with dysplasia compared to multifocal atrophic gastritis without intestinal metaplasia; the increase was also observed in individuals with advanced gastritis and positive H. pylori infection. In our animal model, H. pylori infection of Dmbt1-/- mice resulted in significantly higher levels of gastritis, more extensive mucous metaplasia and reduced Il33 expression levels in the gastric mucosa compared to H. pylori-infected wild type mice. Our data in the animal model suggest that in response to H. pylori infection DMBT1 may mediate mucosal protection reducing the risk of developing gastric precancerous lesions. However, the increased expression in human gastric precancerous lesions points to a more complex role of DMBT1 in gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jone Garay
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - M Blanca Piazuelo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Yelda A Leal
- Unidad de Investigación Médica Yucatán de la Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Sumana Majumdar
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Li Li
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Nataly Cruz-Rodriguez
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigacion en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Silvia J Serrano-Gomez
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigacion en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos S Busso
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Barbara G Schneider
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alberto G Delgado
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Luis E Bravo
- Department of Pathology, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Angela M Crist
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Tulane University, New Orleans LA, USA
| | - Stryder M Meadows
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Tulane University, New Orleans LA, USA
| | - M Constanza Camargo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Keith T Wilson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pelayo Correa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, LSUHSC, New Orleans, LA, USA
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7
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Bekker-Méndez VC, Núñez-Enríquez JC, Torres Escalante JL, Alvarez-Olmos E, González-Montalvoc PM, Jiménez-Hernández E, Sansón AM, Leal YA, Ramos-Cervantes MT, Guerra-Castillo FX, Ortiz-Maganda MP, Flores-Lujano J, Pérez-Saldivar ML, Velazquez-Aviña MM, Bolea-Murga V, Torres-Nava JR, Amador-Sanchez R, Solis-Labastida KA, Rámirez-Bello J, Fragoso JM, Mejía-Aranguré JM. ARID5B, CEBPE and PIP4K2A Germline Genetic Polymorphisms and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Mexican Patients: A MIGICCL Study. Arch Med Res 2017; 47:623-628. [PMID: 28476190 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the leading cause of childhood cancer-related deaths worldwide. Multiples studies have shown that ALL seems to be originated by an interaction between environmental and genetic susceptibility factors. The ARID5B polymorphisms are among the most reproducible ALL associated-risk alleles in different populations. The aim of the present study was to examine the contribution of ARID5B, CEBPE, and PIP4K2 risk alleles for the development of ALL in children from Mexico City and Yucatan, Mexico. METHODS A study was conducted with a total of 761 unrelated subjects. Two hundred eighty five ALL cases (111 from Yucatan and 174 from Mexico City) and 476 healthy subjects. Genotyping included the rs7088318 (PIP4K2A), rs10821936 (ARID5B), rs7089424 (ARID5B) and rs2239633 (CEBPE) polymorphisms. RESULTS Associations between ALL and rs10821936 and rs7089424 ARID5B SNPs were found (OR = 1.9, 95% CI (1.5-2.4) and OR = 2.0, 95% CI (1.6-2.5), respectively). Moreover, a higher risk was observed in the homozygous risk genotypes of carriers from Mexico City (OR = 3.1, 95% CI (2.0-4.9) and OR 3.1, CI 95% (2.0-4.8), respectively). Otherwise, the rs7088318 (PIP4K2A) and rs2239633 (CEBPE) polymorphisms were not associated with ALL risk. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis suggests that ARID5B confers risk for childhood ALL in a Mexican population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilma Carolina Bekker-Méndez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología e Infectología, Hospital de Infectología "Dr. Daniel Méndez Hernández", "La Raza", IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Juan Carlos Núñez-Enríquez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Enrique Alvarez-Olmos
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Elva Jiménez-Hernández
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital General "Gaudencio González Garza", Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) "La Raza", IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aurora Medina Sansón
- Servicio de Hemato-Oncologia, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaria de Salud (SSa), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yelda A Leal
- Unidad de Investigación Médica Yucatán, Registro de Cáncer, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad IMSS Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - María Teresa Ramos-Cervantes
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología e Infectología, Hospital de Infectología "Dr. Daniel Méndez Hernández", "La Raza", IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Xavier Guerra-Castillo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología e Infectología, Hospital de Infectología "Dr. Daniel Méndez Hernández", "La Raza", IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mónica Patricia Ortiz-Maganda
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología e Infectología, Hospital de Infectología "Dr. Daniel Méndez Hernández", "La Raza", IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Janet Flores-Lujano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Luisa Pérez-Saldivar
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Victoria Bolea-Murga
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital General de México, Secretaria de Salud (SSa), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Refugio Torres-Nava
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Pediátrico de Moctezuma, Secretaría de Salud del D.F., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Raquel Amador-Sanchez
- Hospital General Regional No. 1 "Carlos McGregor Sánchez Navarro", IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karina Anastacia Solis-Labastida
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julian Rámirez-Bello
- Laboratorio de la Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas y Endócrinas del Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Fragoso
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico; Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico.
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- Mexican Inter-Institutional Group for the Identification of the Causes of Childhood Leukaemia, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Instituto de Seguridad Social al Servicio de los Trabajadores del Estado, Secretaría de Salud, Secretaría de Salud del Gobierno del Distrito Federal, Mexico City, Mexico
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Jiménez-Morales S, Ramírez-Florencio M, Mejía-Aranguré JM, Núñez-Enríquez JC, Bekker-Mendez C, Torres-Escalante JL, Flores-Lujano J, Jiménez-Hernández E, Del Carmen Rodríguez-Zepeda M, Leal YA, González-Montalvo PM, Pantoja-Guillen F, Peñaloza-Gonzalez JG, Gutiérrez-Juárez EI, Núñez-Villegas NN, Pérez-Saldivar ML, Guerra-Castillo FX, Flores-Villegas LV, Ramos-Cervantes MT, Fragoso JM, García-Escalante MG, Del Carmen Pinto-Escalante D, Ramírez-Bello J, Hidalgo-Miranda A. Analysis of Thiopurine S-Methyltransferase Deficient Alleles in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients in Mexican Patients. Arch Med Res 2017; 47:615-622. [PMID: 28476189 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It has been demonstrated that heterozygote and homozygote thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) mutant allele carriers are at high risk to develop severe and potentially fatal hematopoietic toxicity after treatment with standard doses of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and methotrexate (MX). Those drugs are the backbone of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and several autoimmune disease treatments. We undertook this study to determine the frequency of the TPMT deficient alleles in children with ALL and non-ALL subjects from Mexico City and Yucatan, Mexico. METHODS We included 849 unrelated subjects, of which 368 ALL children and 342 non-ALL subjects were from Mexico City, and 60 ALL cases and 79 non-ALL individuals were from Yucatan. Genotyping of the rs1800462, rs1800460 and rs1142345 SNPs was performed by 5'exonuclease technique using TaqMan probes (Life Technologies Foster City, CA). RESULTS The mutant TPMT alleles were present in 4.8% (81/1698 chromosomes) and only 0.2% were homozygote TPMT*3A/TPMT*3A. We did not find statistically significant differences in the distribution of the mutant alleles between patients from Mexico City and Yucatan in either ALL cases or non-ALL. Nonetheless, the TPMT*3C frequency in ALL patients was higher than non-ALL subjects (p = 0.03). To note, the null homozygous TPMT*3A/TPMT*3A genotype was found in 2.5% of the non-ALL subjects. CONCLUSIONS TPMT mutant alleles did not exhibit differential distribution between both evaluated populations; however, TPMT*3C is overrepresented in ALL cases in comparison with non-ALL group. Assessing the TPMT mutant alleles could benefit the ALL children and those undergoing 6-MP and MX treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Jiménez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, México.
| | - Mireya Ramírez-Florencio
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México; Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - Juan Carlos Núñez-Enríquez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - Carolina Bekker-Mendez
- Unidad de Investigación en Inmunología e Infectología Hospital de Infectologia, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - José Luis Torres-Escalante
- Servicio de Pediatría de la UMAE, IMSS, Yucatán, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Janet Flores-Lujano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - Elva Jiménez-Hernández
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital General "Gaudencio González Garza", CMN "La Raza", IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Yelda A Leal
- Unidad de Investigación Médica Yucatán (UIMY), Registro de Cáncer Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad UMAE-IMSS, Yucatán, México
| | - Pablo Miguel González-Montalvo
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Yucatán, Mexico; Servicio de Oncología Pediátrica del Hospital ÓHorán, SS, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Francisco Pantoja-Guillen
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Yucatán, Mexico; Servicio de Oncología Pediátrica del Hospital ÓHorán, SS, Yucatán, Mexico
| | | | | | - Nora Nancy Núñez-Villegas
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital General "Gaudencio González Garza", CMN "La Raza", IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Maria Luisa Pérez-Saldivar
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - Francisco Xavier Guerra-Castillo
- Unidad de Investigación en Inmunología e Infectología Hospital de Infectologia, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - Luz Victoria Flores-Villegas
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, CMN "20 de Noviembre", Instituto de Seguridad Social al Servicio de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Ciudad de México, México
| | - María Teresa Ramos-Cervantes
- Unidad de Investigación en Inmunología e Infectología Hospital de Infectologia, Centro Médico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, México
| | - José Manuel Fragoso
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe García-Escalante
- Laboratorio de Genética, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Yucatán, México
| | - Doris Del Carmen Pinto-Escalante
- Laboratorio de Genética, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Yucatán, México
| | - Julián Ramírez-Bello
- Laboratorio de la Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Metabólicas y Endócrinas del Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, México.
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Leal YA, Fernández-Garrote LM, Mohar-Betancourt A, Meneses-García A. The importance of registries in cancer control. Salud Pública Mex 2016; 58:309-16. [DOI: 10.21149/spm.v58i2.7802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Martínez-López JLE, Torres J, Camorlinga-Ponce M, Mantilla A, Leal YA, Fuentes-Pananá EM. Evidence of Epstein-Barr virus association with gastric cancer and non-atrophic gastritis. Viruses 2014; 6:301-18. [PMID: 24448220 PMCID: PMC3917444 DOI: 10.3390/v6010301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Different lines of evidence support an association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and gastric cancer (GC). The main understood risk factor to develop GC is infection by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), which triggers a local inflammatory response critical for progression from gastritis to GC. The role of EBV in early inflammatory gastric lesions has been poorly studied. A recent study proposed a cutoff value of 2000 EBV particles to identify patients with increased chances of infection of the gastric epithelium, which may favor the inflammatory process. To better understand the role of EBV in cancer progression, we analyzed 75 samples of GC, 147 control samples of non-tumor gastric tissue derived from GC patients and 75 biopsies from patients with non-atrophic gastritis (NAG). A first-round PCR was used for EBV detection in tumor and non-tumor controls and a more sensitive nested PCR for gastritis samples; both PCRs had lower detection limits above the proposed cutoff value. With this strategy 10.67% of GC, 1.3% of non-tumor controls and 8% of gastritis samples were found positive. An EBER1 in situ hybridization showed EBV infection of epithelial cells in GC and in a third of NAG samples, while in the other NAGs infection was restricted to the mononuclear cell infiltrate. EBV-positive GCs were enriched in lace and cribriform patterns, while these rare patterns were not observed in EBV negative samples. Our results support a role for EBV in GC and early precursor lesions, either as directly oncogenic infecting epithelial cells or indirectly as an inflammatory trigger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan L E Martínez-López
- Virology and Cancer Research Unit, Federico Gomez Children's Hospital of Mexico, Dr. Marquez No.162, Col. Doctores, Cuauhtemoc, Mexico City D.F. 06720, Mexico.
| | - Javier Torres
- Virology and Cancer Research Unit, Federico Gomez Children's Hospital of Mexico, Dr. Marquez No.162, Col. Doctores, Cuauhtemoc, Mexico City D.F. 06720, Mexico.
| | - Margarita Camorlinga-Ponce
- Virology and Cancer Research Unit, Federico Gomez Children's Hospital of Mexico, Dr. Marquez No.162, Col. Doctores, Cuauhtemoc, Mexico City D.F. 06720, Mexico.
| | - Alejandra Mantilla
- Virology and Cancer Research Unit, Federico Gomez Children's Hospital of Mexico, Dr. Marquez No.162, Col. Doctores, Cuauhtemoc, Mexico City D.F. 06720, Mexico.
| | - Yelda A Leal
- Virology and Cancer Research Unit, Federico Gomez Children's Hospital of Mexico, Dr. Marquez No.162, Col. Doctores, Cuauhtemoc, Mexico City D.F. 06720, Mexico.
| | - Ezequiel M Fuentes-Pananá
- Virology and Cancer Research Unit, Federico Gomez Children's Hospital of Mexico, Dr. Marquez No.162, Col. Doctores, Cuauhtemoc, Mexico City D.F. 06720, Mexico.
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Velázquez JR, Garibay-Martínez L, Martínez-Tejada P, Leal YA. An amebic anti-inflammatory peptide down-regulates ex vivo IL-1β expression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 8:315-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2012.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Leal YA, Flores LL, Fuentes-Pananá EM, Cedillo-Rivera R, Torres J. 13C-urea breath test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Helicobacter 2011; 16:327-37. [PMID: 21762274 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2011.00863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The (13) C-urea breath test ((13) C-UBT) is a safe, noninvasive and reliable method for diagnosing H. pylori infection in adults. However, the test has shown variable accuracy in the pediatric population, especially in young children. We aimed to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the performance of the (13) C-UBT diagnostic test for H. pylori infection in children. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the PubMed, Embase and Liliacs databases including studies from January 1998 to May 2009. Selection criteria included studies with at least 30 children and reporting the comparison of (13) C-UBT against a gold standard for H. pylori diagnosis. Thirty-one articles and 135 studies were included for analysis. Children were stratified in subgroups of <6 and ≥6 years of age, and we considered variables such as type of meal, cutoff value, tracer dose, and delta time for the analysis. DISCUSSION The (13) C-UBT performance meta-analyses showed 1, good accuracy in all ages combined (sensitivity 95.9%, specificity 95.7%, LR+ 17.4, LR- 0.06, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) 424.9), 2, high accuracy in children >6 years (sensitivity 96.6%, specificity 97.7%, LR+ 42.6, LR- 0.04, DOR 1042.7), 3, greater variability in accuracy estimates and on average a few percentage points lower, particularly specificity, in children ≤6 years (sensitivity 95%, specificity 93.5%, LR+ 11.7, LR- 0.12, DOR 224.8). Therefore, the meta-analysis shows that the (13) C-UBT test is less accurate for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in young children, but adjusting cutoff value, pretest meal, and urea dose, this accuracy can be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelda A Leal
- Unidad de Investigación Médica Yucatán, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad de Mérida, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mérida, Yuc, México.
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Godina-Gonzalez S, Furuzawa-Carballeda J, Utrera-Barillas D, Alcocer-Varela J, Teran LM, Vazquez-del Mercado M, Leal YA, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Velazquez JR. Amebic monocyte locomotion inhibitory factor peptide ameliorates inflammation in CIA mouse model by downregulation of cell adhesion, inflammation/chemotaxis, and matrix metalloproteinases genes. Inflamm Res 2010; 59:1041-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-010-0224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Revised: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Cedillo-Rivera R, Gómez-Delgado A, Leal YA, Muñoz O, Ortega-Pierres G, Yépez-Mulia L, Tapia-Conyer R. Seroepidemiology of Giardiasis in Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009. [DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2009.80.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Cedillo-Rivera R, Leal YA, Yépez-Mulia L, Gómez-Delgado A, Ortega-Pierres G, Tapia-Conyer R, Muñoz O. Seroepidemiology of giardiasis in Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2009; 80:6-10. [PMID: 19141830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of antibodies against Giardia duodenalis was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum samples from a national serologic survey of Mexico that included all geographic areas and socioeconomic and demographic data for each person sampled. The country was divided into four regions on the basis of development (high, medium high, medium low, and low). Of 3,461 serum samples tested, 1,914 (55.3%) were positive for IgG antibodies against Giardia duodenalis. Seropositivity was age-specific; the probability of seropositivity increased 4.9-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.16-7.64) in adolescents 10-19 years of age, 8.0-fold (95% CI = 5.19-12.53) in young adults 20-39 years of age, and 12.6-fold (95% CI = 7.93-20.28) in adults more than 40 years of age. Giardia duodenalis seropositivity was associated with male sex (odds ratio = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.22-1.61). No association was found between seropositivity and socioeconomic variables or regional development status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cedillo-Rivera
- Unidad de Investigación Médica Yucatán, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad del Centro Médico Nacional Ignacio García Téllez, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
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Leal YA, Flores LL, García-Cortés LB, Cedillo-Rivera R, Torres J. Antibody-based detection tests for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3751. [PMID: 19015732 PMCID: PMC2582133 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2008] [Accepted: 10/26/2008] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous serologic tests are available for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in children. Common designs of antibody-based detection tests are ELISA and Western Blot (WB). For developing countries with limited laboratory resources and access, ELISA would be the preferred method because of its simplicity, lower cost and speed. Although in adults ELISA has proven to be highly accurate in diagnosing H. pylori infection; in children, it has shown variable accuracy. Methods/Findings We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the accuracy of antibody-based detection tests for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in children. Selection criteria included participation of at least 30 children and the use of a gold standard for H. pylori diagnosis. In a comprehensive search we identified 68 studies. Subgroup analyses were carried out by technique, immunoglobulin class, and source of test (commercial and in-house). The results demonstrated: 1) WB tests showed high overall performance, sensitivity 91.3% (95% CI, 88.9–93.3), specificity 89% (95% CI, 85.7–91.9), LR+ 8.2 (95% CI, 5.1–13.3), LR− 0.06 (95% CI, 0.02–0.16), DOR 158.8 (95% CI, 57.8–435.8); 2) ELISA-IgG assays showed low sensitivity 79.2% (95% CI, 77.3–81.0) and high specificity (92.4%, 95% CI, 91.6–93.3); 3) ELISA commercial tests varied widely in performance (test for heterogeneity p<0.0001); and 4) In-house ELISA with whole-cell antigen tests showed the highest overall performance: sensitivity 94% (95% CI, 90.2–96.7), specificity 96.4% (95% CI, 94.2–97.9), LR+ 19.9 (95% CI, 7.9–49.8), LR− 0.08 (95% CI, 0.04–0.15) DOR 292.8 (95% CI, 101.8–841.7). Conclusions/Significance WB test and in-house ELISA with whole-cell antigen tests are the most reliable tests for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in children. Antigens obtained from local strains of the community could partially explain the good overall accuracy of the in-house ELISA. Because of its cost and technical demands, in-house ELISA might be more suitable for use in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelda A Leal
- Unidad de Investigación Médica Yucatán (UIMY), Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad de Mérida, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
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Leal YA, Gómez A, Madrazo-de la Garza A, Ramos I, Muñoz O, Torres J. A primary Helicobacter pylori infection does not protect against reinfection in children after eradication therapy. Rev Invest Clin 2008; 60:470-477. [PMID: 19378833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common chronic infections in the world, and is acquired mainly during childhood. It is not clear to which extent a primary infection protects the child from reinfection. Our aim was to determine the possible protection conferred by a primary infection against H. pylori reinfection in children. METHODS A follow-up study with 120 children distributed in two cohorts; the first included 80 children without previous H. pylori infection (primo-infection cohort); the second included 40 infected children successfully eradicated (reinfection cohort). Cohorts were monitored during 2 years with urea-breath-test (UBT) at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months for the acquisition of H. pylori infection. We compared the rate of reinfection in eradicated children with the rate of infection in children without previous infection. H. pylori infection during the follow-up was analyzed and compared between cohorts using chi2 and survival curves. A questionnaire was performed for the evaluation of possible risk factors for infection in both cohorts. RESULTS No significant differences in rates of primo-infection or reinfection were found; 17 (21.2%) primo-infections and 10 (25%) reinfections were documented. Most of the primo-infections (14/17) occurred in the first year of follow-up. In contrast, reinfection episodes occurred more frequently during the second year (6/10). In both cohorts, most infections were transient. Risk factors were similar for both, primo and reinfection cohorts. CONCLUSION A primary infection does not protect from reinfection in the population of children studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelda A Leal
- Unidad de Investigación Médica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad del Centro Médico Nacional "Ignacio García Téllez" IMSS Mérida, Yucatán.
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