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Otero-Albiol D, Santos-Pereira JM, Lucena-Cacace A, Clemente-González C, Muñoz-Galvan S, Yoshida Y, Carnero A. Hypoxia-induced immortalization of primary cells depends on Tfcp2L1 expression. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:177. [PMID: 38418821 PMCID: PMC10902313 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06567-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stress response mechanism that induces proliferative arrest. Hypoxia can bypass senescence and extend the lifespan of primary cells, mainly by decreasing oxidative damage. However, how hypoxia promotes these effects prior to malignant transformation is unknown. Here we observed that the lifespan of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) is increased when they are cultured in hypoxia by reducing the expression of p16INK4a, p15INK4b and p21Cip1. We found that proliferating MEFs in hypoxia overexpress Tfcp2l1, which is a main regulator of pluripotency and self-renewal in embryonic stem cells, as well as stemness genes including Oct3/4, Sox2 and Nanog. Tfcp2l1 expression is lost during culture in normoxia, and its expression in hypoxia is regulated by Hif1α. Consistently, its overexpression in hypoxic levels increases the lifespan of MEFs and promotes the overexpression of stemness genes. ATAC-seq and Chip-seq experiments showed that Tfcp2l1 regulates genes that control proliferation and stemness such as Sox2, Sox9, Jarid2 and Ezh2. Additionally, Tfcp2l1 can replicate the hypoxic effect of increasing cellular reprogramming. Altogether, our data suggest that the activation of Tfcp2l1 by hypoxia contributes to immortalization prior to malignant transformation, facilitating tumorigenesis and dedifferentiation by regulating Sox2, Sox9, and Jarid2.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Otero-Albiol
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de CANCER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Santos-Pereira
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - A Lucena-Cacace
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - C Clemente-González
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de CANCER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Muñoz-Galvan
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain
- CIBER de CANCER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Y Yoshida
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - A Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBIS, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013, Seville, Spain.
- CIBER de CANCER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
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Kaga C, Nagino T, Gomi A, Takagi A, Miyazaki K, Yoshida Y, Shida K. Effects of fermented soymilk with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei YIT 9029 on gut microbiota and defecation habits: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Benef Microbes 2024; 15:127-143. [PMID: 38412871 DOI: 10.1163/18762891-bja00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that soymilk and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei YIT 9029 (strain Shirota: LcS) each beneficially affect the gut microbiota and defecation habits. To investigate the effects of daily consumption of fermented soymilk containing LcS (FSM), we conducted a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 112 healthy Japanese adults with a low faecal Bifidobacterium count. They consumed 100 ml FSM or placebo (unfermented soymilk base) once daily for 4 weeks. Their gut microbiota was analysed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and faecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and urinary putrefactive products were assessed during the pre- and post-consumption periods. Defecation habits were examined weekly using a subjective questionnaire. In the post-consumption period, living LcS were not detected in two subjects in the FSM group (n = 57) but were detected in one subject in the SM group (n = 55). The FSM group had a significantly higher number and relative abundance of faecal lactobacilli compared with the placebo group. The relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, alpha-diversity of microbiota, and concentrations of acetate and total SCFAs in faeces were significantly increased in the FSM group, although no significant differences were detected between the groups. The number of defecations and defecation days per week significantly increased in both groups. Subgroup analysis of 109 subjects, excluding 3 with inconsistent LcS detection (2 and 1 subjects in the FSM and SM groups, respectively), revealed that the FSM group (n = 55) had significantly greater increases in faecal acetate concentration compared with the SM group (n = 54) and significant upregulation of pathways related to energy production or glucose metabolism in the gut microbiota. These findings suggest that daily FSM consumption improves the gut microbiota and intestinal environment in healthy adults and may help to maintain health and prevent diseases. Registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) clinical trials registry under: UMIN 000035612.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kaga
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - T Nagino
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - A Gomi
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - A Takagi
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - K Miyazaki
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
| | - K Shida
- Yakult Central Institute, 5-11 Izumi, Kunitachi-shi, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan
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Yoshida Y, Zu Y, Fonseca VA. Ethnic disparities of vascular complications in pre-diabetes, undiagnosed diabetes, and newly diagnosed diabetes. Prim Care Diabetes 2023; 17:661-664. [PMID: 37827908 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
In the U.S., ethnic minorities with pre-diabetes, undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D), and newly diagnosed T2D had a higher prevalence of microvascular complications than non-Hispanic Whites and exhibited distinct risk factors, whereas Whites had a higher rate of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Yuanhao Zu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Vivian A Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Yoshida Y, Chen Z, Fonseca VA, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Risk Associated With Prediabetes and Undiagnosed Diabetes. Am J Prev Med 2023; 65:854-862. [PMID: 37192710 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) face up to 50% higher risk of cardiovascular disease than men. This study evaluated the extent to which prediabetes and undiagnosed T2D are associated with a greater excess risk of cardiovascular disease in women versus in men. METHODS Data were pooled from 18,745 cardiovascular disease-free individuals from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, and the Jackson Heart Study. The risk of coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (coronary heart disease or stroke) associated with prediabetes or undiagnosed T2D was estimated using Cox models adjusting for sociodemographic factors, concomitant risk factors, medication use, and menopausal status. Data were collected in 2022, and the analysis was performed in 2023. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 18.6 years, the associations between prediabetes and risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were only significant in women (hazard ratio=1.18, 95% CI=1.01, 1.34, p=0.03) but not in men (hazard ratio=1.08, 95% CI=1.00, 1.28, p=0.06) (p-interaction=0.18). The associations between undiagnosed T2D and cardiovascular disease outcomes were significant in both sexes, but the effect was more pronounced in women (coronary heart disease: hazard ratio=1.83, 95% CI=1.4, 2.41, p<0.0001 in women vs hazard ratio=1.6, 95% CI=1.38, 2.07, p=0.007 in men; stroke: hazard ratio=1.99, 95% CI=1.39, 2.72, p<0.0001 vs hazard ratio=1.81, 95% CI=1.36, 2.6, p<0.0001; atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: hazard ratio=1.86, 95% CI=1.5, 2.28, p<0.0001 vs hazard ratio=1.65, 95% CI=1.4, 1.98, p<0.0001) (all p-interactions≤0.2). Both White and Black patients exhibit similar sex differences. CONCLUSIONS Prediabetes or undiagnosed T2D was associated with a greater excess risk of cardiovascular disease in women than in men. The sex differential in cardiovascular disease risk among those without the T2D diagnosis suggests the need for sex-specific guidelines in T2D screening and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology & Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Vivian A Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology & Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology & Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Yoshida Y, Chen Z, Fonseca VA, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Sex differences in cardiometabolic biomarkers during the pre-diabetes stage. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 203:110856. [PMID: 37499878 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Using two large prospective epidemiological studies in the U.S., we examined biomarkers that reflect sex-specific pathophysiological pathways to cardiovascular complications among people with pre-diabetes. Women with pre-diabetes exhibited higher levels of adipokines, while men had lower eGFR. Sex differences in lipoproteins and vascular inflammatory markers during pre-diabetes indicate sex-specific lipoprotein and inflammatory mechanisms to cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Vivian A Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Stoecker C, Nauman E, Bazzano AN, Price-Haywood EG, Yoshida Y, Shi L. Non-face-to-face care management and service utilization in patients with diabetes. Am J Manag Care 2023; 29:417-422. [PMID: 37616148 DOI: 10.37765/ajmc.2023.89407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In 2015, CMS implemented reimbursement for non-face-to-face chronic care management (NFFCCM) for beneficiaries with multiple chronic conditions, including diabetes. This analysis estimated the association between NFFCCM and utilization of inpatient, outpatient, and emergency services. STUDY DESIGN We implemented a doubly robust estimator using propensity score matching in a regression context to compare eligible patients who used NFFCCM (n = 282) with eligible patients who did not use NFFCCM (n = 26,759). METHODS We tested 4 definitions of treatment: having any NFFCCM encounters and having 1 NFFCCM encounter per month, per 2 months, and per 3 months. Two-tailed statistical inference testing was conducted at the 5% level. We examined the utilization differences among patients with diabetes 65 years and older using merged electronic health records for 4 health systems in Louisiana from the Research Action for Health Network database in 2013 through 2018. RESULTS We found NFFCCM was associated with increased utilization of care in the outpatient setting by 0.056 visits per month (95% CI, 0.027-0.086) and with lower utilization in the inpatient setting (-0.024 visits per month; 95% CI, -0.038 to -0.010) and in the emergency department setting (-0.017 visits per month; 95% CI, -0.031 to -0.003). Alternative specifications of treatment showed similar associations. CONCLUSIONS CMS implementation of reimbursement codes for NFFCCM, and subsequent utilization of that reimbursement by health systems, was associated with a shift in patient utilization from high-cost settings (inpatient and emergency department) to a lower-cost setting (outpatient office).
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Stoecker
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal St #8346, New Orleans, LA 70118.
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Yoshida Y, Chu S, Zu Y, Fox S, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Effect of menopausal hormone therapy on COVID-19 severe outcomes in women - A population-based study of the US National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) data. Maturitas 2023; 170:39-41. [PMID: 36773498 PMCID: PMC9633103 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Whether menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) lessens the severity of COVID-19 among women is unclear. Leveraging a U.S. national COVID-19 cohort and a cross-sectional analysis, we found MHT use was marginally associated with a lower risk of mortality (odds ratio [OR] 0.73, 95 % CI 0.53-1.01) and significantly associated with a lower risk of prolonged hospital stay (0.7, 0.49-0.99) among inpatient women. When stratifying by MHT type, estrogen-only and estrogen-plus-progestin therapies had a more prominent protective effect than progestin-only therapy, although this difference did not achieve statistical significance. Women with COVID-19 can continue to use MHT. Clinical trials are needed to evaluate MHT's therapeutic effect on COVID-19, especially in terms of severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine.
| | - San Chu
- Pennington Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Yuanhao Zu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sarah Fox
- School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
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Ahmed MH, Yoshihara K, Nagaoka N, Yao C, Matsukawa A, Yoshida Y, Van Meerbeek B. Acrylamide monomers in universal adhesives. Dent Mater 2023; 39:246-259. [PMID: 36710097 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mono-functional monomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is often added to universal adhesives (UAs) to improve surface wetting and prevent phase separation. Nevertheless, HEMA promotes water sorption and hydrolysis at adhesive interfaces, hereby affecting long-term bonding to dentin. This study investigated if two acrylamide monomers could replace HEMA in an UA formulation applied in etch-and-rinse (2E&R) and self-etch (1SE) bonding mode. METHODS Four experimental UAs were bonded to bur-cut dentin. In addition to 12 wt% 10-MDP, 25 wt% Bis-GMA and 10 wt% TEGDMA as common monomer composition, 20 %wt ethanol and 15 %wt water as solvent, and 3 wt% polymerization-related additives, the four formulations solely differed for either the acrylamide cross-linker monomer 'FAM-201' as TEGDMA alternative and HEMA replacement, the hydroxyethyl acrylamide monomer 'HEAA' as HEMA alternative, HEMA ('HEMA+'), or extra TEGDMA in a HEMA-free control ('HEMA-'), all added in a 15 wt% concentration. The split-tooth study design involved application in 2E&R mode on one tooth half versus 1SE mode on the corresponding half. Micro-tensile bond strength of half of the micro-specimens was measured upon 1-week distilled water storage ('immediate' 1w μTBS), with the other half measured after additional 6-month storage ('aged' 6 m μTBS). Statistics involved linear mixed-effects (LME) modelling (p < .05). Additionally, interfacial TEM characterization, thin-film (TF) XRD surface analysis, LogP determination, and a cytotoxicity assay were carried out. RESULTS FAM-201 revealed significantly higher μTBS than HEMA+ at 1w and 6 m when applied both in E&R and SE bonding modes. HEAA's μTBS was significantly lower than that of HEMA+ at 1w when applied in SE mode. TF-XRD and TEM revealed similar chemical and ultrastructural interfacial characterization, including stable 10-MDP_Ca salt nano-layering. FAM-201 was least cytotoxic and presented with an intermediary LogP, while HEAA presented with the highest LogP, indicating high hydrophilicity and water-sorption sensitivity. SIGNIFICANCE The acrylamide co-monomer FAM-201 could replace HEMA in an UA formulation, while HEAA not.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Ahmed
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium; Tanta University, Department of Dental Biomaterials, Tanta, Egypt
| | - K Yoshihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Health and Medical Research Institute, Takamatsu, Japan; Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - N Nagaoka
- Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - C Yao
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Matsukawa
- Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Hokkaido University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - B Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium.
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Yoshida Y, Wang J, Zu Y, Fonseca VA, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Rising Prediabetes, Undiagnosed Diabetes, and Risk Factors in Young Women. Am J Prev Med 2023; 64:423-427. [PMID: 36437142 PMCID: PMC9974837 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women of reproductive age are less prone to cardiovascular disease than men. However, diabetes mellitus negates this female advantage. The prevalence change of prediabetes (prediabetes mellitus) and diabetes mellitus and diabetes mellitus‒associated cardiovascular risk factors have not been clearly described in women before menopause. METHODS Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (1999-2018), this study estimated the age-adjusted prevalence of prediabetes mellitus (2005-2018), diagnosed diabetes mellitus, and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in premenopausal women. Logistic regression was used to examine cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity, central obesity, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia, associated with prediabetes mellitus, diagnosed diabetes mellitus, or undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in premenopausal women. The magnitude of the association among age-matched men and postmenopausal women was compared. The analysis was conducted in 2022. RESULTS Premenopausal women experienced an increased prevalence of prediabetes mellitus and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus, contrasting with steady trends in all U.S. adults over the last 2 decades. Premenopausal women with prediabetes mellitus or diabetes mellitus (versus those with normoglycemia) have significant obesity risk, and the risk is equivalent to that among age-matched men and higher than that among postmenopausal women. The association between prediabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia or hypertriglyceridemia was significant in premenopausal women only. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertension associated with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus were significant in premenopausal women and men of the same age, respectively. Diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was associated with hypertriglyceridemia in men and postmenopausal women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Premenopausal women had increased prediabetes mellitus and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in the past 2 decades. They face a considerable cardiovascular risk burden associated with prediabetes mellitus and diabetes mellitus. Cardiometabolic risk screening and patient education should be improved in young and early middle-aged adults, particularly in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology & Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; Tulane Center of Excellence: Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana; VA Southeast Louisiana Health Care, New Orleans, Louisiana.
| | - Jia Wang
- Section of Endocrinology & Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Yuanhao Zu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health & Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Vivian A Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology & Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; VA Southeast Louisiana Health Care, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology & Metabolism, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; Tulane Center of Excellence: Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana; VA Southeast Louisiana Health Care, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Kawai A, Iwata S, Shimoi T, Kobayashi E, Ogura K, Yoshida A, Okuma H, Goto Y, Morizane C, Yoshida Y, Katoh Y, Yatabe Y, Yonemori K, Nakamura K, Nishida T, Higashi T. 126P Comprehensive efforts to address multifaceted issues of rare cancers and sarcomas in Japan. ESMO Open 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Yoshida Y, Chen Z, Li C, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Abstract P162: Sex Differences in Cardiometabolic Biomarkers During Pre-Diabetes. Circulation 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.p162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Diabetes (DM) diminishes female protection against cardiovascular disease (CVD). Women with DM face excess CVD risk than men partly due to women’s greater deterioration in risk factors before DM. In this study, we compared sex differences in biomarkers that reflect distinct pathophysiological pathways during the pre-diabetes (pre-DM) stage.
Method:
A cross-sectional analysis was performed based on pooled data from Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study and the Jackson Heart Study. We used multivariable linear regressions to examine the associations between sex and biomarkers (log-transformed) representative of inflammation, lipoprotein, adipokine, kidney function, cardiac injury/stress, and thrombosis, adjusted for age, race, and BMI, among CVD-free individuals with pre-DM. We validated the results in a sensitivity analysis, including those that eventually progressed into DM during the follow-up. We used the false discovery rate method to adjust multiple comparisons.
Results:
Among 5975 individuals with pre-DM, the mean age was 54.2 years, 2853 (48%) were women, and 2022 (34%) were non-Hispanic blacks. In the adjusted models, inflammatory biomarkers, including high-sensitivity c-reactive proteins (β coefficient 0.2, P=2.9 x 10
-9
), fibrinogen (β 0.19, P=2.8E-12), and absolute lymphocyte (β 0.25, P=2.54 x 10
-7
), and cardiac injury/stress biomarker, NT-proBNT (β 0.14, P=0.0002) were higher in women than men with pre-DM. Additionally, lipoprotein(a) (β 0.19, P=4.96 x 10
-13
) and apolipoproteins A1 (β 0.61, P=2.81x 10
-120
), and adipokines including leptin (β 1.1, P=2.62 x 10
-123
) and adiponectin (β 0.56, P=1.94 x 10
-12
) were all higher in women with pre-DM. In contrast, kidney function markers, albumin (β -0.24, P=2.79 x 10
-9
) and creatinine (β -1.1, P=1x 10
-100
), and thrombosis biomarker, homocysteine (β -0.5, P=9.09 x 10
-19
) were higher in men with pre-DM than in their women counterparts. These sex differences remained generally unchanged among 2320 individuals that progressed into DM.
Conclusion:
Biomarkers differ significantly between sexes during the pre-DM state. The inflammatory, lipoprotein, adipokine, and cardiac stress biomarkers were higher in women with pre-DM, while kidney function and thrombosis biomarkers were higher in men with pre-DM. Future mechanistic studies are warranted to delineate pathophysiological pathways characterized by these biomarkers contributing to sex disparities of CVD risk in DM.
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Yoshida Y, Chen Z, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Abstract MP60: Prediabetes and Undiagnosed Diabetes Predisposing Women to Excess Risk of Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/circ.147.suppl_1.mp60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective:
Women with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a 25-50% higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than their men counterparts. The reasons for this sex disparity are incompletely understood. We sought to examine if pre-diabetes (preDM) and undiagnosed T2DM are associated with a greater magnitude of CVD risk in women than in men.
Methods:
We pooled CVD-free individuals (N=18,745) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, and the Jackson Heart Study. CVD outcomes included incident coronary heart disease (CHD) (myocardial infarction, CHD death, or cardiac procedures including percutaneous coronary interventions, bypass surgery, or coronary revascularization), stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke), and a composite atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) (any CHD condition or stroke). Multivariable Cox models examined the outcomes associated with preDM (fasting glucose [FG] 100-125 mg/dL or HbA1c 5.7-6.4%) or undiagnosed T2DM (FG ≥126 mg/dL or HbA1c ≥6.5% and without a DM diagnosis or anti-diabetes medication use) adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, BMI, blood pressure, total cholesterols, smoking, anti-hypertensive and lipid-lowering medications, and cohort indicator. An interaction term sex x preDM or undiagnosed DM was added to models to test the sex modifying effect. We consider p-interaction<0.2 as significant.
Results:
During a median follow-up of 17 years, the adjusted model showed that preDM was significantly associated with a higher risk of CHD (Hazard ratio 1.09, 95%CI 1.04-1.14), stroke (1.08, 1.04-1.13), and ASCVD (1.09, 1.04-1.14) in women, but not in men (1.04, 0.99-1.1 for CHD, 1.03, 0.98-1.08 for stroke, and 1.03, 0.98-1.09 for ASCVD, respectively). Undiagnosed T2DM was significantly associated with the risk of CHD (1.27, 1.16-1.4 in women and 1.17, 1.05-1.3 in men), stroke (1.32, 1.21-1.45 in women and 1.2, 1.09-1.32 in men), and ASCVD (1.27, 1.16-1.4 in women and 1.15, 1.03-1.29 in men) in both sexes but with more pronounced effect in women (P-interactions ≤0.11). In racial-stratified analysis, a higher magnitude of CVD risk associated with preDM or undiagnosed DM was also found in non-Hispanic (NH) white women and NH-black women than in their men counterparts.
Conclusions:
PreDM and undiagnosed DM predispose women to excess CVD risk, possibly due to women’s higher susceptibility to metabolic dysfunction at a lower glucose level and the prolonged unmanaged time for risk factors relative to men. T2DM screening and risk factor control should be enhanced in both sexes to reduce future CVD risk, particularly in women.
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13
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Abe S, Asami S, Eizuka M, Futagi S, Gando A, Gando Y, Gima T, Goto A, Hachiya T, Hata K, Hayashida S, Hosokawa K, Ichimura K, Ieki S, Ikeda H, Inoue K, Ishidoshiro K, Kamei Y, Kawada N, Kishimoto Y, Koga M, Kurasawa M, Maemura N, Mitsui T, Miyake H, Nakahata T, Nakamura K, Nakamura K, Nakamura R, Ozaki H, Sakai T, Sambonsugi H, Shimizu I, Shirai J, Shiraishi K, Suzuki A, Suzuki Y, Takeuchi A, Tamae K, Ueshima K, Watanabe H, Yoshida Y, Obara S, Ichikawa AK, Chernyak D, Kozlov A, Nakamura KZ, Yoshida S, Takemoto Y, Umehara S, Fushimi K, Kotera K, Urano Y, Berger BE, Fujikawa BK, Learned JG, Maricic J, Axani SN, Smolsky J, Fu Z, Winslow LA, Efremenko Y, Karwowski HJ, Markoff DM, Tornow W, Dell'Oro S, O'Donnell T, Detwiler JA, Enomoto S, Decowski MP, Grant C, Li A, Song H. Search for the Majorana Nature of Neutrinos in the Inverted Mass Ordering Region with KamLAND-Zen. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:051801. [PMID: 36800472 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.051801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The KamLAND-Zen experiment has provided stringent constraints on the neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay half-life in ^{136}Xe using a xenon-loaded liquid scintillator. We report an improved search using an upgraded detector with almost double the amount of xenon and an ultralow radioactivity container, corresponding to an exposure of 970 kg yr of ^{136}Xe. These new data provide valuable insight into backgrounds, especially from cosmic muon spallation of xenon, and have required the use of novel background rejection techniques. We obtain a lower limit for the 0νββ decay half-life of T_{1/2}^{0ν}>2.3×10^{26} yr at 90% C.L., corresponding to upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass of 36-156 meV using commonly adopted nuclear matrix element calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abe
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - S Asami
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - M Eizuka
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - S Futagi
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - A Gando
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Y Gando
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - T Gima
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - A Goto
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - T Hachiya
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Hata
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - S Hayashida
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Hosokawa
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Ichimura
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - S Ieki
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - H Ikeda
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Inoue
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - K Ishidoshiro
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Y Kamei
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - N Kawada
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Y Kishimoto
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - M Koga
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - M Kurasawa
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - N Maemura
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - T Mitsui
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - H Miyake
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - T Nakahata
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - R Nakamura
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - H Ozaki
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Graduate Program on Physics for the Universe, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - T Sakai
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - H Sambonsugi
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - I Shimizu
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - J Shirai
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Shiraishi
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - A Suzuki
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - A Takeuchi
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Tamae
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - K Ueshima
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - H Watanabe
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - S Obara
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - D Chernyak
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - A Kozlov
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - K Z Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Yoshida
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Y Takemoto
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - S Umehara
- Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - K Fushimi
- Department of Physics, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - K Kotera
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | - Y Urano
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan
| | - B E Berger
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B K Fujikawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Learned
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Maricic
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - S N Axani
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Smolsky
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Fu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - L A Winslow
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Efremenko
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - H J Karwowski
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA; Physics Departments at Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA; North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA; and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - D M Markoff
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA; Physics Departments at Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA; North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA; and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - W Tornow
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA; Physics Departments at Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA; North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA; and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - S Dell'Oro
- Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - T O'Donnell
- Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - J A Detwiler
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - S Enomoto
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - M P Decowski
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Nikhef and the University of Amsterdam, Science Park, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - C Grant
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - A Li
- Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA; Physics Departments at Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA; North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA; and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - H Song
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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14
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Yoshida Y, Chen Z, Baudier RL, Krousel‐Wood M, Anderson AH, Fonseca VA, Mauvais‐Jarvis F. Sex differences in prognostic role of fasting glucose, Oral glucose tolerance, and HbA1c in diabetic cardiovascular disease. J Diabetes 2023; 15:185-189. [PMID: 36788746 PMCID: PMC9934952 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Highlights: Fasting glucose‐defined prediabetes and undiagnosed diabetes based on the American Diabetes Association criteria were associated with a greater risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and composite atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in women. In contrast, oral glucose tolerance‐defined prediabetes and undiagnosed diabetes were associated with a greater risk of all cardiovascular outcomes in men. Intermediate A1c was associated with a more pronounced effect on the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke in women, whereas the above diagnostic level of A1c was associated with a higher magnitude of coronary heart risk in undiagnosed men but a higher magnitude of stroke risk in undiagnosed women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex‐Based Biology & MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Southeast Louisiana VA Medical CenterNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data ScienceTulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Robin L. Baudier
- Department of EpidemiologyTulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Marie Krousel‐Wood
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex‐Based Biology & MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyTulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Deming Department of MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Amanda H. Anderson
- Department of EpidemiologyTulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Vivian A. Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Southeast Louisiana VA Medical CenterNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Franck Mauvais‐Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex‐Based Biology & MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Southeast Louisiana VA Medical CenterNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
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15
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Okano N, Furukawa N, Yoshida Y, Koitabashi N, Ohno T. The Potential Therapeutic Effects of Carbon Ion Beams and X-Rays on Mice with Heart Failure: Preliminary Results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Tan J, Yoshida Y, Sheng-Kai Ma K, Mauvais-Jarvis F, Lee CC. Gender differences in health protective behaviours and its implications for COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan: a population-based study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1900. [PMID: 36224561 PMCID: PMC9554846 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection produces more severe symptoms and a higher mortality in men than in women. The role of biological sex in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is believed to explain this sex disparity. However, the contribution of gender factors that influence health protective behaviors and therefore health outcomes, remains poorly explored. Methods We assessed the contributions of gender in attitudes towards the COVID-19 pandemic, using a hypothetical influenza pandemic data from the 2019 Taiwan Social Change Survey. Participants were selected through a stratified, three-stage probability proportional-to-size sampling from across the nation, to fill in questionnaires that asked about their perception of the hypothetical pandemic, and intention to adopt health protective behaviors. Results A total of 1,990 participants (median age = 45·92 years, 49% were women) were included. Significant gender disparities (p < .001) were observed. The risk perception of pandemic (OR = 1·28, 95% CI [1·21 − 1·35], p < .001), older age (OR = 1·06, 95% CI [1·05 − 1·07], p < .001), female gender (OR = 1·18, 95% CI [1·09-1·27], p < .001), higher education (OR = 1·10, 95% CI [1·06 − 1·13], p < .001), and larger family size (OR = 1·09, 95% CI [1·06 − 1·15], p < .001) were positively associated with health protective behaviors. The risk perception of pandemic (OR = 1·25, 95% CI [1·15 − 1·36]), higher education (OR = 1·07, 95% CI [1·02 − 1·13], p < .05), being married (OR = 1·17, 95% CI [1·01–1·36, p < .05), and larger family size (OR = 1·33, 95% CI [1·25 − 1·42], p < .001), were positively associated with intention to receive a vaccine. However, female gender was negatively associated with intention to receive a vaccine (OR = 0·85, 95% CI [0·75 − 0·90], p < ·01) and to comply with contact-tracing (OR = 0·95, 95% CI [0·90 − 1·00], p < .05) compared to men. Living with children was also negatively associated with intention to receive vaccines (OR = 0·77, 95% CI [0·66 − 0·90], p < .001). Conclusion This study unveils gender differences in risk perception, health protective behaviors, vaccine hesitancy, and compliance with contact-tracing using a hypothetical viral pandemic. Gender-specific health education raising awareness of health protective behaviors may be beneficial to prevent future pandemics. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14288-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Tan
- School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Sociology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yilin Yoshida
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Global Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Chien-Chang Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Byers Center for Biodesign, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Yoshida Y, Chu S, Fox S, Zu Y, Lovre D, Denson JL, Miele L, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Sex differences in determinants of COVID-19 severe outcomes - findings from the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C). BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:784. [PMID: 36224551 PMCID: PMC9555705 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07776-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The impact of comorbidities and biomarkers on COVID-19 severity vary by sex but have not yet been verified in population-based studies. We examined the association of comorbidities, inflammatory biomarkers, and severe outcomes in men and women hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN This is a retrospective cohort analysis based on the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C). We included 574,391 adult patients admitted for COVID-19 at hospitals or emergency rooms between 01/01/2020 and 12/31/2021. METHODS We defined comorbidities at or before the first admission for COVID-19 by Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and CCI components. We used the averaged lab values taken within 15 days before or after the admission date to measure biomarkers including c-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, procalcitonin, N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT proBNP), d-dimer, absolute lymphocyte counts, absolute neutrophil counts, and platelets. Our primary outcome was all-cause mortality; secondary outcomes were invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and hospital length of stay (LOS). We used logistic regression adjusted for age, race, ethnicity, visit type, and medications to assess the association of comorbidities, biomarkers, and mortality disaggregating by sex. RESULTS Moderate to severe liver disease, renal disease, metastatic solid tumor, and myocardial infarction were the top four fatal comorbidities among patients who were hospitalized for COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] > 2). These four comorbid conditions remained the most lethal in both sexes, with a higher magnitude of risk in women than in men (p-interaction < 0.05). Abnormal elevations of CRP, ferritin, procalcitonin, NT proBNP, neutrophil, and platelet counts, and lymphocytopenia were significantly associated with the risk of death, with procalcitonin and NT proBNP as the strongest predictors (aOR > 2). The association between the abnormal biomarkers and death was stronger in women than in men (p-interaction < 0.05). CONCLUSION There are sex differences in inpatient mortality associated with comorbidities and biomarkers. The significant impact of these clinical determinants in women with COVID-19 may be underappreciated as previous studies stressed the increased death rate in male patients that is related to comorbidities or inflammation. Our study highlights the importance and the need for sex-disaggregated research to understand the risk factors of poor outcomes and health disparities in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. New Orleans, 70112, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - San Chu
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Sarah Fox
- School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Yuanhao Zu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Dragana Lovre
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. New Orleans, 70112, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Joshua L Denson
- Pulmonary and Critical Care, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. New Orleans, 70112, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Bushweller L, Bhayani V, Yoshida Y, Wilson G, Stange K, Saper R, Patil S. Abstract P088: Comparison Of Lay Advisor Interventions For Hypertension Across Racial Groups In The United States. Hypertension 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/hyp.79.suppl_1.p088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Lay advisor interventions for hypertension are frequently tailored to a single racial group. We conducted a systematic review comparing components of lay advisor interventions for hypertension across racial groups in the US.
Methods:
Multiple databases were searched from 1980 to 2020 using relevant search terms.
Results:
Of 5986 articles, 14 studies were eligible for inclusion: 5 with predominantly white participants, 4 with Black participants, 3 with Hispanic participants and 2 with Asian participants. All studies but two were RCTs.
One study with white participants and one with Hispanic participants were clinic-based; all other studies were community-based. Lay advisors were matched to participants’ social groups in 13 studies and 1 study used health coaches with a bachelor's degree. Home visits were included in 44% (4/9) of studies with minority participants and in no studies with predominantly white participants. Most (4/5) studies with white participants included group education and one study had individual education. All studies with Black participants included only individual education. Two studies with Hispanic participants included group education while one study used health coach phone calls and home BP monitoring. Both studies with Asian participants included group education with follow-up individual education.
For BP outcomes: 3 studies with predominantly white participants, 3 with Black participants, 1 with Hispanic participants, and 2 with Asian participants showed statistically significant improvement. One health coach study with Hispanic participants showed a systolic BP reduction of 19.3 mm Hg; all other studies showed mean systolic BP improvements between 6 to 8.3 mm Hg across races. Three studies examined hypertension control outcomes, of which 2 studies with Asian participants showed improved hypertension control. Individualized low-intensity interventions were as effective as high-intensity interventions.
Conclusion:
Lay advisor interventions were effective and mainly community-based across racial groups. Individualized education by lay advisors belonging to patients’ social groups may be a feasible and effective approach for health systems that care for diverse populations.
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Nakagawa K, Totsukura M, Yoshida Y, Watanabe SI. EP02.03-014 Pulmonary Segmentectomy via Minimally Invasive Open Surgery: An Analysis From a Japanese High-Volume Hospital. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Yoshida Y, Muraoka Y, Yotsukura M, Shinno Y, Nakagawa K, Watanabe H, Shiraishi K, Kohno T, Hamamoto R, Yatabe Y, Watanabe SI. MA04.04 The Ground-Glass Component Status Combined with the Clinical T Descriptor Predicts Prognosis and Genomic Alterations in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Yotsukura M, Muraoka Y, Yoshida Y, Nakagawa K, Shiraishi K, Kohno T, Yatabe Y, Watanabe SI. EP02.03-016 Dynamics of Recurrence After Curative Resection of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Yoshida Y, Wang J, Zu Y. Sex differences in comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality-Report from the real-world data. Front Public Health 2022; 10:881660. [PMID: 36033801 PMCID: PMC9412184 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.881660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The differential effect of comorbidities on COVID-19 severe outcomes by sex has not been fully evaluated. Objective To examine the association of major comorbidities and COVID-19 mortality in men and women separately. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort analysis using a large electronic health record (EHR) database in the U.S. We included adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19 who also had necessary information on demographics and comorbidities from January 1, 2016 to October 31, 2021. We defined comorbidities by the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) using ICD-10 codes at or before the COVID-19 diagnosis. We conducted logistic regressions to compare the risk of death associated with comorbidities stratifying by sex. Results A total of 121,342 patients were included in the final analysis. We found significant sex differences in the association between comorbidities and COVID-19 death. Specifically, moderate/severe liver disease, dementia, metastatic solid tumor, and heart failure and the increased number of comorbidities appeared to confer a greater magnitude of mortality risk in women compared to men. Conclusions Our study suggests sex differences in the effect of comorbidities on COVID-19 mortality and highlights the importance of implementing sex-specific preventive or treatment approaches in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States,*Correspondence: Yilin Yoshida
| | - Jia Wang
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Yuanhao Zu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
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Yoshida Y, Joshi P, Barri S, Wang J, Corder AL, O'Connell SS, Fonseca VA. Progression of retinopathy with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists with cardiovascular benefits in type 2 diabetes - A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes Complications 2022; 36:108255. [PMID: 35817678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2022.108255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The effect of Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1 RA) on diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains controversial. Previous reviews combined data from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with or without cardiovascular (CV) benefits and did not address confounders, therefore may have generated misleading results. The study aimed to examine the effect of GLP1RA on DR in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in RCTs with or without CV benefits and distinguish the effect by major confounders. METHODS We conducted electronic searches of multiple databases and a manual search using references lists. We included 13 RCTs examining the effect of GLP1 RA on health outcomes/adverse events including DR or DR complications in T2DM. We performed a random-effects model meta-analysis. RESULTS GLP1RA was associated with an elevated risk of rapidly worsening DR in four major RCTs with CV benefits in T2DM (OR 1.23, 95 % CI 1.05-1.44). The association between GLP1 RA and DR was significant in subgroups of RCTs with length over 52 weeks (1.2, 1.00-1.43), using placebo as a comparator (1.22, 1.05-1.42). In subgroups with patients who had T2DM ≥10 years (1.19, 0.99-1.42) or with subjects enrolled from multiple countries (1.2, 0.99-1.46), the association appeared to be evident but did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS GLP1 RA including liraglutide, semaglutide, and dulaglutide are associated with an increased risk of rapidly worsening DR in RCTs with CV benefits. Further data from clinical studies with longer follow-up purposefully designed for DR risk assessment, particularly including patients of established DR are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America.
| | - Preeti Joshi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Saba Barri
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Jia Wang
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Amy L Corder
- Rudolph Matas Library of the Health Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Samantha S O'Connell
- Tulane University Office of Academic Affairs and Provost, United States of America
| | - Vivian A Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America.
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Yoshida Y, Chen Z, Baudier RL, Krousel-Wood M, Anderson AH, Fonseca VA, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Sex Differences in the Progression of Metabolic Risk Factors in Diabetes Development. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2222070. [PMID: 35834256 PMCID: PMC9284329 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.22070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Robin L. Baudier
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Marie Krousel-Wood
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Amanda H. Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Vivian A. Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology and Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Yoshida Y, Chen Z, Baudier RL, Krousel-Wood M, Anderson AH, Fonseca VA, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of cardiovascular events in women with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes: A pooled analysis of 2917 postmenopausal women. Atherosclerosis 2022; 344:13-19. [PMID: 35114556 PMCID: PMC8905583 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The effect of MHT on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among women with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes (PreDM or T2DM) is unclear. We examined the association between ever or early use MHT and CVD risk in postmenopausal women with PreDM or T2DM, and the potential modifying effect of race. METHODS 2,917 postmenopausal women with PreDM or T2DM were pooled from 3 prospective CVD cohorts (the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, and the Jackson Heart Study). Ever (yes vs no) or early use of MHT (MHT initiated ≤5 vs > 5 years since menopause), and their associations with ischemic stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 15 years, 264 stroke, 484 CHD, and 659 ASCVD events were observed. In fully adjusted models, ever use of MHT was associated with reduced risk of stroke (hazard ratio 0.86, 95% CI 0.76-0.98), CHD (0.85, 0.74-0.98), and ASCVD (0.83, 0.73-0.95) in white women with PreDM or T2DM. Early use of MHT was associated with reduced risk of stroke (0.82, 0.72-0.95), CHD (0.85, 0.74-0.98), and ASCVD (0.82, 0.70-0.96) in the white group. No risk reduction with ever or early use of MHT was found for black women with PreDM or T2DM. CONCLUSIONS MHT is associated with statistically reduced CVD risk among white but not black women with PreDM or DM. Race is an effect modifier in the association between MHT use and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, United States; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, Tulane University, United States; Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, United States
| | - Robin L Baudier
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, United States
| | - Marie Krousel-Wood
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, United States; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, Tulane University, United States
| | - Amanda H Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, United States
| | - Vivian A Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, United States; Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, United States; Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, Tulane University, United States; Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
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Yoshida Y, Fujimura T, Mino T, Sakamoto M. Chiral Binaphthyl‐Based Iodonium Salt (Hypervalent Iodine(III)) as Hydrogen‐ and Halogen‐Bonding Bifunctional Catalyst: Insight into Abnormal Counteranion Effect and Asymmetric Synthesis of
N,S
‐Acetals. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Yoshida
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como, Italy
| | - T. Fujimura
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como, Italy
| | - T. Mino
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como, Italy
| | - M. Sakamoto
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Università degli Studi dell'Insubria Via Valleggio 11 22100 Como, Italy
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Tashiro M, Nakao M, Yoshida Y, Yusa K, Ohno T. DOSIMETRY OF EXPERIMENTAL CARBON-ION MINI-BEAMS TOWARD ‘CARBON-KNIFE’ AND ‘CARBON-FLASH’. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Denson JL, Gillet AS, Zu Y, Brown M, Pham T, Yoshida Y, Mauvais-Jarvis F, Douglas IS, Moore M, Tea K, Wetherbie A, Stevens R, Lefante J, Shaffer JG, Armaignac DL, Belden KA, Kaufman M, Heavner SF, Danesh VC, Cheruku SR, St Hill CA, Boman K, Deo N, Bansal V, Kumar VK, Walkey AJ, Kashyap R. Metabolic Syndrome and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2140568. [PMID: 34935924 PMCID: PMC8696573 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.40568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are common comorbidities in patients with severe COVID-19, yet little is known about the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or death in patients with COVID-19 and metabolic syndrome. OBJECTIVE To determine whether metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of ARDS and death from COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This multicenter cohort study used data from the Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Respiratory Illness Universal Study collected from 181 hospitals across 26 countries from February 15, 2020, to February 18, 2021. Outcomes were compared between patients with metabolic syndrome (defined as ≥3 of the following criteria: obesity, prediabetes or diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) and a control population without metabolic syndrome. Participants included adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19 during the study period who had a completed discharge status. Data were analyzed from February 22 to October 5, 2021. EXPOSURES Exposures were SARS-CoV-2 infection, metabolic syndrome, obesity, prediabetes or diabetes, hypertension, and/or dyslipidemia. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included ARDS, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, need for invasive mechanical ventilation, and length of stay (LOS). RESULTS Among 46 441 patients hospitalized with COVID-19, 29 040 patients (mean [SD] age, 61.2 [17.8] years; 13 059 [45.0%] women and 15713 [54.1%] men; 6797 Black patients [23.4%], 5325 Hispanic patients [18.3%], and 16 507 White patients [57.8%]) met inclusion criteria. A total of 5069 patients (17.5%) with metabolic syndrome were compared with 23 971 control patients (82.5%) without metabolic syndrome. In adjusted analyses, metabolic syndrome was associated with increased risk of ICU admission (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.32 [95% CI, 1.14-1.53]), invasive mechanical ventilation (aOR, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.28-1.65]), ARDS (aOR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.12-1.66]), and mortality (aOR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.08-1.31]) and prolonged hospital LOS (median [IQR], 8.0 [4.2-15.8] days vs 6.8 [3.4-13.0] days; P < .001) and ICU LOS (median [IQR], 7.0 [2.8-15.0] days vs 6.4 [2.7-13.0] days; P < .001). Each additional metabolic syndrome criterion was associated with increased risk of ARDS in an additive fashion (1 criterion: 1147 patients with ARDS [10.4%]; P = .83; 2 criteria: 1191 patients with ARDS [15.3%]; P < .001; 3 criteria: 817 patients with ARDS [19.3%]; P < .001; 4 criteria: 203 patients with ARDS [24.3%]; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that metabolic syndrome was associated with increased risks of ARDS and death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The association with ARDS was cumulative for each metabolic syndrome criteria present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L Denson
- Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care, and Environmental Medicine, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Yuanhao Zu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Margo Brown
- Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care, and Environmental Medicine, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Thaidan Pham
- Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care, and Environmental Medicine, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, New Orleans
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, New Orleans
| | - Ivor S Douglas
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences & Critical Care Medicine, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
- University of Colorado, Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora
| | - Mathew Moore
- Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care, and Environmental Medicine, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Kevin Tea
- Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care, and Environmental Medicine, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Andrew Wetherbie
- Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care, and Environmental Medicine, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Rachael Stevens
- Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care, and Environmental Medicine, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - John Lefante
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jeffrey G Shaffer
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Katherine A Belden
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Smith F Heavner
- Prisma Health Department of Medicine, Prisma Health Upstate, Greenville, South Carolina
| | - Valerie C Danesh
- Baylor Scott & White Health, Department of Nursing, Dallas, Texas
| | - Sreekanth R Cheruku
- Divisions of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Karen Boman
- Society of Critical Care Medicine, Mount Prospect, Illinois
| | - Neha Deo
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Vikas Bansal
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Allan J Walkey
- The Pulmonary Center, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep and Critical Care; Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rahul Kashyap
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Yoshida Y, Hong D, Nauman E, Price-Haywood EG, Bazzano AN, Stoecker C, Hu G, Shen Y, Katzmarzyk PT, Fonseca VA, Shi L. Patient-specific factors associated with use of diabetes self-management education and support programs in Louisiana. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021; 9:9/Suppl_1/e002136. [PMID: 34933871 PMCID: PMC8679102 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of diabetes self-management education and support (DSME/S) use among patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and patients with insulin prescription has not been evaluated. It is also unclear what demographic, behavioral, and clinical factors associated with use of DSME/S. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This retrospective analysis was based on electronic health records from the Research Action for Health Network (2013-2019). Patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were identified as 35-94 year-olds diagnosed with T2DM≥1 year after the first recorded office visit. Patients with insulin were identified by the first insulin prescription records. DSME/S (Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System G0108 and G0109) codes that occurred from 2 months before the 'new diagnosis date' or first insulin prescription date through 1 year after were defined as use of DSME/S. Age-matched controls (non-users) were identified from the Electronic Health Records (EHR). The date of first DSME/S record was selected as the index date. Logistic regression was used to estimate the associations between patient factors and use of DSME/S. RESULTS The prevalence of DSME/S use was 6.5% (8909/137 629) among patients with newly diagnosed T2DM and 32.7% (13,152/40,212) among patients with diabetes taking insulin. Multivariable analysis found that among patients with newly diagnosed T2DM, black and male patients were less likely to use DSME/S, while in patients with insulin, they were more likely to use the service compared with white and female counterparts, respectively. Among patients taking insulin, those with private insurance or self-pay status were significantly less likely, while those with Medicaid were more likely to use the service compared with their Medicare counterparts. A strong positive association was found between HbA1c, obesity, and DSME/S use in both cohorts, while hypertension was negatively associated with DSME/S in both cohorts. CONCLUSION We showed a low rate of DSME/S use in Louisiana, especially in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM. Our findings demonstrated heterogeneity in factors influencing DSME/S use between patients with newly diagnosed T2D and patients with insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Dongzhe Hong
- Department of Global Health Management and Policy, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Eboni G Price-Haywood
- Ochsner Center for Outcomes and Health Services Research, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Alessandra N Bazzano
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Charles Stoecker
- Department of Global Health Management and Policy, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Gang Hu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yun Shen
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter T Katzmarzyk
- Physical Activity and Obesity Epidemiology, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Vivian A Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lizheng Shi
- Department of Global Health Management and Policy, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Sathi BK, Yoshida Y, Weaver MR, Nolan LS, Gruner B, Balasa V, Altes T, Leiva-Salinas C. Unusually High Prevalence of Stroke and Cerebral Vasculopathy in Hemoglobin SC Disease: A Retrospective Single Institution Study. Acta Haematol 2021; 145:160-169. [PMID: 34749363 DOI: 10.1159/000519360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unlike homozygous hemoglobin SS (HbSS) disease, stroke is a rare complication in hemoglobin SC (HbSC) disease. However, recent studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of silent stroke in HbSC disease. The factors associated with stroke and cerebral vasculopathy in the HbSC population are unknown. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of all patients with sickle cell disease treated at the University of Missouri, Columbia, over an 18-year period (2000-2018). The goal of the study was to characterize the silent, overt stroke, and cerebral vasculopathy in HbSC patients and compare them to patients with HbSS and HbS/β thalassemia1 (thal) in this cohort. We also analyzed the laboratory and clinical factors associated with stroke and cerebral vasculopathy in the HbSC population. RESULTS Of the 34 HbSC individuals, we found that the overall prevalence of stroke and cerebral vasculopathy was 17.7%. Only females had evidence of stroke or cerebral vasculopathy in our HbSC cohort (33.3%, p = 0.019). Time-averaged means of maximum velocities were lower in the HbSC group than the HbSS group and did not correlate with stroke outcome. Among HbSC individuals, those with stroke and cerebral vasculopathy had a marginally higher serum creatinine than those without these complications (0.77 mg/dL vs. 0.88 mg/dL, p = 0.08). Stroke outcome was associated with recurrent vaso-occlusive pain crises (Rec VOCs) (75 vs. 25%, p = 0.003) in HbSC patients. The predominant cerebrovascular lesions in HbSC included microhemorrhages and leukoencephalopathy. CONCLUSION There is a distinct subset of individuals with HbSC who developed overt, silent stroke, and cerebral vasculopathy. A female predominance and association with Rec VOCs were identified in our cohort; however, larger clinical trials are needed to identify and confirm specific clinical and laboratory markers associated with stroke and vasculopathy in HbSC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Kanathezhath Sathi
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Valley Children's Hospital, University of San Francisco-Fresno Program, Madera, California, USA
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yilin Yoshida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Michael Raymond Weaver
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Lila S Nolan
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Barbara Gruner
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Vinod Balasa
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Valley Children's Hospital, University of San Francisco-Fresno Program, Madera, California, USA
| | - Talissa Altes
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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Yoshida Y, Chen Z, Baudier RL, Krousel-Wood M, Anderson AH, Fonseca VA, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Early Menopause and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Women With or Without Type 2 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis of 9,374 Postmenopausal Women. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:2564-2572. [PMID: 34475032 PMCID: PMC8546283 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early menopause may be associated with higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), coupled with early menopause, may result in even greater CVD risk in women. We examined CVD risk in women with early compared with normal-age menopause, with and without T2DM overall, and by race/ethnicity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We pooled data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, and the Jackson Heart Study. We included women with data on menopausal status, menopausal age, and T2DM, excluding pre- or perimenopausal women and those with prevalent CVD. Outcomes included incident coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, heart failure (HF), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) (CHD or stroke). We estimated the risk associated with early (<45 years) compared with normal-age menopause using Cox proportional hazards models. Covariates included age, race/ethnicity, education, BMI, blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking, alcohol consumption, antihypertensive medication, lipid-lowering medication, hormone therapy use, and pregnancy history. RESULTS We included 9,374 postmenopausal women for a median follow-up of 15 years. We observed 1,068 CHD, 659 stroke, 1,412 HF, and 1,567 ASCVD events. T2DM significantly modified the effect of early menopause on CVD risk. Adjusted hazard ratios for early menopause and the outcomes were greater in women with T2DM versus those without (CHD 1.15 [95% CI 1.00, 1.33] vs. 1.09 [1.03, 1.15]; stroke 1.21 [1.04, 1.40] vs. 1.10 [1.04, 1.16]; ASCVD 1.29 [1.09, 1.51] vs. 1.10 [1.04, 1.17]; HF 1.18 [1.00, 1.39] vs. 1.09 [1.03, 1.16]). The modifying effect of T2DM on the association between early menopause and ASCVD was only statistically significant in Black compared with White women. CONCLUSIONS Early menopause was associated with an increased risk for CVD in postmenopausal women. T2DM may further augment the risk, particularly in Black women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA .,Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, LA.,Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology and Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Robin L Baudier
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Marie Krousel-Wood
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA.,Section of General Internal Medicine, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Amanda H Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Vivian A Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA.,Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA.,Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, LA.,Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology and Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
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Yotsukura M, Nakagawa K, Yoshida Y, Watanabe H, Kusumoto M, Yatabe Y, Watanabe S. FP06.01 Unexpected Aggressive Histological Component in Subsolid Lung Adenocarcinoma: Priority for Resection Without Delay. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tan J, Yoshida Y, Sheng-Kai Ma K, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Gender Differences in Health Protective Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: An Empirical Study. medRxiv 2021:2021.04.14.21255448. [PMID: 33907766 PMCID: PMC8077589 DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.14.21255448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection produces more severe symptoms and a higher mortality in men than in women. The role of biological sex in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is believed to explain this sex disparity. However, the contribution of gender factors that influence health protective behaviors and therefore health outcomes, remains poorly explored. METHODS We assessed the contributions of gender in attitudes towards the COVID-19 pandemic, using a hypothetical influenza pandemic data from the 2014 Taiwan Social Change Survey. Participants were selected through a stratified, three-stage probability proportional-to-size sampling from across the nation, to fill in questionnaires that asked about their perception of the hypothetical pandemic, and intention to adopt health protective behaviors. RESULTS A total of 1,990 participants (median age 45.92 years, 49% women) were included. Significant gender disparities (p<0.001) were observed. The risk perception of pandemic (OR=1.28, 95% CI=1.21-1.35, p<0.001), older age (1.06, 95%=1.05-1.07, p<0.001), female gender (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.09□1.27, p<0.001), higher education (OR=1.10, 95% CI=1.06-1.13, p<0.001), and larger family size (OR=1.09, 95% CI=1.06-1.15, p<0.001) were positively associated with health protective behaviors. The risk perception of pandemic (OR=1.25, 95% CI=1.15-1.36), higher education (OR=1.07, 95% CI=1.02-1.13, p<0.05), being married (OR=1.17, 95% CI=1.01-1.36, p<0.05), and larger family size (OR=1.33, 95% CI=1.25-1.42, p<0.001), were positively associated with intention to receive a vaccine. However, female gender was negatively associated with intention to receive a vaccine (OR=0.85, 95% CI=0.75-0.90, p<0.01) and to comply with contact-tracing (OR=0.95, 95% CI=0.90-1.00, p<0.05) compared to men. Living with children was also negatively associated with intention to receive vaccines (OR=0.77, 95% CI=0.66-0.90, p<0.001). CONCLUSION This study unveils gender differences in risk perception, health protective behaviors, vaccine hesitancy, and compliance with contact-tracing using a hypothetical viral pandemic. Gender-specific health education raising awareness of health protective behaviors may be beneficial to prevent future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Tan
- School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Sociology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yilin Yoshida
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Global Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Tulane Center of Excellence in Sex-Based Biology & Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Southeast Louisiana VA Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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IMAIZUMI T, Toda T, Sakurai D, Hagiwara Y, Ando M, Yoshida Y, Maruyama S. POS-325 AN “IMPROVED” eGFR SLOPE IS ASSOCIATED WITH HOSPITALIZATION EVENTS. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Yoshihara K, Nagaoka N, Benino Y, Nakamura A, Hara T, Maruo Y, Yoshida Y, Van Meerbeek B. Touch-Cure Polymerization at the Composite Cement-Dentin Interface. J Dent Res 2021; 100:935-942. [PMID: 33771050 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211001020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ceramic restorations are often adhesively luted onto the tooth prep. The so-called touch-cure concept was developed to yield optimum polymerization of composite cement at the restoration-cement-tooth interface for immediate bond stabilization. Although this touch cure is theorized to initiate polymerization at the interface when the accelerator in the primer makes contact with the cement, this process has not yet been proven. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of touch cure by measuring the degree of conversion (DC) of composite cement applied with or without an accelerator-containing tooth primer (TP) versus an accelerator-free primer using real-time Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (RT-FTIR) and attenuated total reflection (ATR)-FTIR. Interfacial bond strength was measured in shear mode, the accelerator composition confirmed by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), and the interfacial interaction of TP and composite cement with dentin investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), focused-ion-beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) with 3-dimensional interface reconstruction, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RT/ATR-FTIR revealed the significantly highest DC when the composite cement was applied with the accelerator-containing primer. XRF disclosed a vanadium compound as a novel chemical accelerator within TP, instead of a classic chemical curing initiator system, to set off touch cure as soon the cement contacts the previously applied primer. Although the TP contains the acidic functional monomer 10-MDP for adhesion to tooth tissue, touch cure using the accelerator-containing TP combined the fastest/highest DC with the highest bond strength. FIB-SEM and TEM confirmed the tight interfacial interaction at dentin with submicron hybridization along with stable 10-MDP also Ca-salt nanolayering.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Health and Medical Research Institute, Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan.,Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - N Nagaoka
- Okayama University Dental School, Advanced Research of Center for Oral and Craniofacial Science, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Benino
- Okayama University, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama, Japan
| | - A Nakamura
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Electron Microscopy Analysis Station, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Hara
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Electron Microscopy Analysis Station, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Maruo
- Department of Occlusion and Removable Prosthodontics, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Hokkaido University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - B Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
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Yoshida Y, Patil SJ, Brownson RC, Boren SA, Kim M, Dobson R, Waki K, Greenwood DA, Torbjørnsen A, Ramachandran A, Masi C, Fonseca VA, Simoes EJ. Using the RE-AIM framework to evaluate internal and external validity of mobile phone-based interventions in diabetes self-management education and support. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2021; 27:946-956. [PMID: 32377676 DOI: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the extent to which studies that tested short message service (SMS)- and application (app)-based interventions for diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) report on factors that inform both internal and external validity as measured by the RE-AIM (Reach, Efficacy/Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) framework. MATERIALS AND METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and IEEE Xplore Digital Library for articles from January 1, 2009, to February 28, 2019. We carried out a multistage screening process followed by email communications with study authors for missing or discrepant information. Two independent coders coded eligible articles using a 23-item validated data extraction tool based on the RE-AIM framework. RESULTS Twenty studies (21 articles) were included in the analysis. The comprehensiveness of reporting on the RE-AIM criteria across the SMS- and app-based DSMES studies was low. With respect to internal validity, most interventions were well described and primary clinical or behavioral outcomes were measured and reported. However, gaps exist in areas of attrition, measures of potential negative outcomes, the extent to which the protocol was delivered as intended, and description on delivery agents. Likewise, we found limited information on external validity indicators across adoption, implementation, and maintenance domains. CONCLUSIONS Reporting gaps were found in internal validity but more so in external validity in the current SMS- and app-based DSMES literature. Because most studies in this review were efficacy studies, the generalizability of these interventions cannot be determined. Future research should adopt the RE-AIM dimensions to improve the quality of reporting and enhance the likelihood of translating research to practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Sonal J Patil
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Ross C Brownson
- Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Suzanne A Boren
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Rosie Dobson
- National Institute for Health Innovation, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kayo Waki
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Astrid Torbjørnsen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Vivian A Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Eduardo J Simoes
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Yotsukura M, Motoi N, Yoshida Y, Nakagawa K, Yatabe Y, Watanabe S. P04.07 Long-term Postoperative Prognosis of Adenocarcinoma in Situ and Minimally Invasive Adenocarcinoma of Lung. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yoshida Y, Gillet SA, Brown MI, Zu Y, Wilson SM, Ahmed SJ, Tirumalasetty S, Lovre D, Krousel-Wood M, Denson JL, Mauvais-Jarvis F. Clinical characteristics and outcomes in women and men hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 in New Orleans. Biol Sex Differ 2021; 12:20. [PMID: 33546750 PMCID: PMC7863061 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-021-00359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Determine if sex differences exist in clinical characteristics and outcomes of adults hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a US healthcare system. DESIGN Case series study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Sequentially hospitalized adults admitted for COVID-19 at two tertiary care academic hospitals in New Orleans, LA, between 27 February and 15 July 2020. MEASURES AND OUTCOMES Measures included demographics, comorbidities, presenting symptoms, and laboratory results. Outcomes included intensive care unit admission (ICU), invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and in-hospital death. RESULTS We included 776 patients (median age 60.5 years; 61.4% women, 75% non-Hispanic Black). Rates of ICU, IMV, and death were similar in both sexes. In women versus men, obesity (63.8 vs 41.6%, P < 0.0001), hypertension (77.6 vs 70.1%, P = 0.02), diabetes (38.2 vs 31.8%, P = 0.06), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, 22.1 vs 15.1%, P = 0.015), and asthma (14.3 vs 6.9%, P = 0.001) were more prevalent. More women exhibited dyspnea (61.2 vs 53.7%, P = 0.04), fatigue (35.7 vs 28.5%, P = 0.03), and digestive symptoms (39.3 vs 32.8%, P = 0.06) than men. Obesity was associated with IMV at a lower BMI (> 35) in women, but the magnitude of the effect of morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40) was similar in both sexes. COPD was associated with ICU (adjusted OR (aOR), 2.6; 95%CI, 1.5-4.3) and IMV (aOR, 1.8; 95%CI, 1.2-3.1) in women only. Diabetes (aOR, 2.6; 95%CI, 1.2-2.9), chronic kidney disease (aOR, 2.2; 95%CI, 1.3-5.2), elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (aOR, 2.5; 95%CI, 1.4-4.3), and elevated ferritin (aOR, 3.6; 95%CI, 1.7-7.3) were independent predictors of death in women only. In contrast, elevated D-dimer was an independent predictor of ICU (aOR, 7.3; 95%CI, 2.7-19.5), IMV (aOR, 6.5; 95%CI, 2.1-20.4), and death (aOR, 4.5; 95%CI, 1.2-16.4) in men only. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights sex disparities in clinical determinants of severe outcomes in COVID-19 patients that may inform management and prevention strategies to ensure gender equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. SL53, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Scott A Gillet
- Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. SL53, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Margo I Brown
- Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. SL53, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Yuanhao Zu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. SL53, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Sarah M Wilson
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. SL53, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Sabreen J Ahmed
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. SL53, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Saritha Tirumalasetty
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. SL53, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Dragana Lovre
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. SL53, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Marie Krousel-Wood
- Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. SL53, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. SL53, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Joshua L Denson
- Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Critical Care, and Environmental Medicine, Deming Department of Medicine Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. SL53, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Franck Mauvais-Jarvis
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave. SL53, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA.
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Yoshida Y, Fonseca VA. Diabetes control in Asian Americans - Disparities and the role of acculturation. Prim Care Diabetes 2021; 15:187-190. [PMID: 32057722 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Asian Americans (AA) are disproportionately affected by diabetes (DM) and its complications than non-Hispanic whites (whites). We examined white-AA disparities in glycemic, cholesterol and blood pressure control, known as 'ABCs of DM', and evaluated if acculturation plays a role in DM control in AA with DM. Using data from NHANES 2011-2016, we found AA patients were significantly less likely to meet glycemic, cholesterol and the collective 'ABCs' goals than their white counterparts. Acculturation was positively associated with glycemic goal achievement in AA patients. This study identified disparities and pointed to strategies related to acculturation to improve DM control for AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, United States.
| | - Vivian A Fonseca
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, United States
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Phillippi S, Thomas CL, Yoshida Y, Afaneh H. Holistic representation in juvenile defense: An evaluation of a multidisciplinary children's defense team. Behav Sci Law 2021; 39:65-82. [PMID: 33548155 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the results of an evaluation of a holistic defense model for juvenile clients. Longitudinal, retrospective analysis of de-identified data from clients (N = 308) measured individual variable outcomes, relationships, and project performance. Bivariate and multivariate analyses examined the strength of association and interrelationships among client and defense team variables. Findings indicate that holistic defense was significantly associated with improved outcomes among juvenile clients, including increased mental health assessment resulting in treatment, increased employment and educational attainment, and decreased odds of recidivism. Favorable court or dispositional outcomes, including lower adjudication or early termination from custody, were also reported. Further practice-level, controlled research is necessary to evaluate these models and offer comparison to other models for holistic defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Phillippi
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Casey L Thomas
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yilin Yoshida
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Hasheemah Afaneh
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Abstract
X-ray diffraction (XRD) surface analysis and ultrastructural interfacial characterization using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed that the functional monomer 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) self-assembles into nano-layers at adhesive-tooth interfaces. Self-assembled nano-layering is thought to contribute to the durability of bonding to tooth dentin, although this has not been proven yet. In order to disclose this potential bond-durability contribution of nano-layering, we observed the 3-dimensional (3D) spreading of nano-layering by a series of focused-ion-beam (FIB) milled cross sections by scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) and examined the mechanical properties of self-assembled nano-layering using scanning probe microscopy (SPM). A commercial 10-MDP-containing 3-step self-etch adhesive partially demineralized dentin up to submicron depth, forming a submicron hydroxyapatite-rich hybrid layer. TEM chemically and ultrastructurally confirmed the formation of interfacial nano-layering. FIB-SEM 3D reconstructions disclosed a 3D network of self-assembled nano-layering extending from the hybrid layer up to within the adjacent adhesive-resin layer. SPM revealed that nano-layering within the adhesive-resin layer possessed a higher elastic modulus than that of the surrounding adhesive resin, hereby suggesting that nano-layering contributes to the mechanical strength of adhesives like filler particles do. Nano-layering's 3D expanded structure is expected to strengthen the surrounding resin, as well to better interconnect the adhesive-resin layer to the hybrid layer. In conclusion, this exploratory study demonstrated that nano-layering constitutes a strong phase at the adhesive interface, which may contribute to the clinical longevity of the 10-MDP-based bond to dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Health and Medical Research Institute, Takamatsu, Japan.,Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pathology & Experimental Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - N Nagaoka
- Okayama University Dental School, Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - A Nakamura
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Electron Microscopy Analysis Station, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Hara
- National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Electron Microscopy Analysis Station, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Hokkaido University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - B Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven (University of Leuven), Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT & UZ Leuven (University Hospitals Leuven), Dentistry, Leuven, Belgium
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Tanaka A, Watanabe K, Kondo S, Tamura N, Nishimoto T, Yoshida Y. Purification of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes by HDAC inhibition through inducing apoptosis and cell arrest in non-cardiomyocytes. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cell therapy is one of the most promising strategies for treatment of heart failure. During preparation of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes for cells therapy, it is important to eliminate the presence of residual proliferative non-target cells in the preparation as these non-target cells could present the risk of tumorgenicity. To minimize the risk, selective and more precise purification process is necessary.
Purpose
We hypothesized that the differences in proliferative activity between cardiomyocytes and non-target cells might result in different sensitivities to the drugs targeting cell growth/survival. The aim of this study is to obtain compounds that eliminate non-cardiomyocytes selectively and to study the mechanism of action of these compounds.
Methods and results
We screened 314 small compounds using both iPSCs and sorted hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). We identified several compounds, which markedly decreased the cell numbers of iPSCs, but showed minimum effects on those of hiPSC-CMs. Among them, HDAC inhibitors were selected as the most promising candidates. We examined whether HDAC inhibitors could purify hiPSC-CMs containing non-cardiomyocytes populations, which were differentiated using the classical embryoid body (EB) method. As a result, HDAC inhibitors increased the purity of cardiomyocytes (up to 98%) by decreasing non-target cells such as smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and endodermal lineage cells. Moreover, we confirmed HDAC inhibitors could be used for purification of cardiomyocytes in monolayer differentiation protocol using GSK3β inhibitor and Wnt inhibitor. We measured the expression levels of mRNA and protein in iPSCs and hiPSC-CMs (EB method) treated with HDAC inhibitors. mRNA levels of CDKN1A (p21) and BAX were upregulated in iPSCs. Western blotting analyses revealed that HDAC inhibitors also induced the expression of p21 and the cleavage of Caspase3 in iPSCs.
Conclusions
Our result suggests that the inhibition of HDAC enables an efficient purification of hiPSC-CMs in multiple differentiation methods. Furthermore, our data indicate that HDAC inhibitors induce the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in iPSCs but not hiPSC-CMs.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tanaka
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, T-CiRA Discovery, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - S Kondo
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, T-CiRA Discovery, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - N Tamura
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, T-CiRA Discovery, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - T Nishimoto
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, T-CiRA Discovery, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Yamamoto Y, Makiyama T, Wuriyanghai Y, Kohjitani H, Gao J, Kashiwa A, Hai H, Aizawa T, Imamura T, Ishikawa T, Yoshida Y, Ohno S, Horie M, Makita N, Kimura T. Preclinical proof-of-concept study: antisense-mediated knockdown of CALM as a therapeutic strategy for calmodulinopathy. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Calmodulin (CaM) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ sensor molecule encoded by three distinct calmodulin genes, CALM1–3, and has an important role for cardiac ion channel function. Recently, heterozygous missense mutations in CALM genes were reported to cause a new category of life-threatening genetic arrhythmias such as long-QT syndrome (LQTS) and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT), which is called as “calmodulinopathy”. The patients with calmodulinopathy show poor prognosis and there is no effective treatment for them.
Purpose
Considering the dominant-negative effect of mutant calmodulin proteins produced by heterozygous missense mutations in CALMs, we aimed to prove the concept of antisense-based therapy to treat calmodulinopathy using human iPS cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) model.
Methods
We designed multiple locked nucleic acid (LNA) gapmer-antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) targeting CALM2 and analyzed the silencing efficiency and toxicity in cultured cells to select the most potent ASO. Using CMs differentiated from hiPSCs which were generated form a 12-year-old boy with LQTS carrying a heterozygous CALM2-N98S mutation, CALM2 expression and action potentials (APs) were analyzed to evaluate the efficacy of ASOs.
Results
We identified several ASOs which reduced CALM2 expression without affecting cell viability in human cultured cells (HepG2) (ASO 50 nM, n=2; Figure 1A). Considering further experiments in vivo mouse model, we investigated the CALM2 silencing activity in mouse cultured cells (3T3-L1) without transfection (free-uptake) (ASO 1 μM, n=2; †ASOs have homologous sequence between human and mouse; Figure B). After free-uptake CALM2 silencing analysis in 3T3-L1 cells, we identified that ASO #2 has the most potent CALM2 silencing activity and low cytotoxicity (Figure 1B). ASO #2 effectively reduced CALM2 expression even in hiPSC-CMs (ASO(−): n=3, lipofection: n=4, free-uptake: n=3; P<0.05; Figure 1C). In action potential recordings, we demonstrated that ASO #2 ameliorated prolonged AP durations (APD90) in N98S-hiPSC-CMs at 0.5 Hz pacing (ASO(−): 666±123 ms (n=7), lipofection: 329±21 ms (n=8), free-uptake: 388±34 ms (n=12); P<0.05; Figure 1D).
Conclusion
Our results using patient-derived hiPSC-CM model suggest that ASO-based therapy might be a promising strategy for the treatment of calmodulinopathy.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Nissan Chemical Corporation
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamamoto
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Makiyama
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Wuriyanghai
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Kohjitani
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - J Gao
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Kashiwa
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Hai
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Aizawa
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Imamura
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Ishikawa
- National Cerebral & Cardiovascular Center, Omics Research Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Kyoto University, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Ohno
- National Cerebral & Cardiovascular Center, Department of Bioscience and Genetics, Suita, Japan
| | - M Horie
- Shiga University of Medical Science, Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Otsu, Japan
| | - N Makita
- National Cerebral & Cardiovascular Center, Omics Research Center, Suita, Japan
| | - T Kimura
- Kyoto University, Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Sawada N, Nakanishi K, Daimon M, Yoshida Y, Ishiwata J, Hirokawa M, Koyama K, Nakao T, Morita H, Di Tullio M, Homma S, Komuro I. Visceral fat accumulation and left atrial phasic function in the general population. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Obesity carries independent risk for incident atrial fibrillation (AF), although the impact of abdominal fat distribution on LA morphological and functional remodeling is not fully elucidated. Speckle-tracking echocardiography is a novel and sensitive tool that allows quantification and detection of subtle alterations in left atrial (LA) phasic function.
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate whether increased visceral adiposity is independently associated with impaired LA phasic function in a community-based cohort.
Methods
We included 527 participants without overt cardiac disease who underwent laboratory testing, abdominal computed tomographic examination and speckle-tracking echocardiography. Abdominal adiposity was quantitatively assessed as visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) at the level of the umbilicus. Speckle-tracking echocardiography was performed to assess LA phasic function including reservoir, conduit and pump strain as well as left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS).
Results
Mean age was 57±10 years and 362 of the participants (69%) were men. LA reservoir and conduit strain were decreased according to the VFA quartiles (both p<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in LA volume index and LA pump strain. When stratified by SFA, there was no significant differences in LA volume index and all LA phasic strain across the quartiles. In multivariable analysis, VFA as continuous variable was significantly associated with LA conduit strain, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, pertinent laboratory parameters and LV morphology and function including LVGLS (standardized b=−0.146, p=0.011). Representative cases are shown in the Figure.
Conclusion
In a sample of the general population, VFA accumulation was independently associated with worse LA conduit strain, which may be involved in the pathophysiological mechanism of obesity-related AF.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Yamauchi Susumu Scholarship for Cardiovascular Research
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sawada
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - M Daimon
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - K Koyama
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Nakao
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Morita
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Di Tullio
- Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - S Homma
- Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - I Komuro
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Tsukano Y, Shimizu I, Yoshida Y, Hsiao Y, Ikegami R, Hayashi Y, Suda M, Katsuumi G, Nakao M, Minamino T. Obesity associated pro-fibrotic protein augments fibrosis in heart. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Chronic sterile inflammation in visceral fat has causal roles for systemic metabolic disorders in obesity. Inflamed visceral adipose tissue secretes pro-inflammatory adipokines, and this contributes to tissue remodeling under a metabolically stressed condition. Various kinds of white adipokines are broadly studied, however, roles of brown adipose tissue (BAT) derived adipokines (BATokine) remain to be explored. In this project, we tried to characterize pathogenic role of BATokine in obesity related fibrotic disorders, especially focusing on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). For this purpose, we analyzed two sets of DNA microarray data, and identified an obesity associated pro-fibrotic protein (OAFP) as a possible pathogenic BATokine. Our biobank studies showed OAFP increased in patients with diastolic dysfunction, and E/e' analyzed with cardiac echo increased in direct proportion to circulating OAFP level in humans. We generated dietary obese mice model, and found OAFP increased both in BAT and circulation. We generated a murine systemic or BAT specific OAFP knockout (KO) models, and found that obesity-induced diastolic dysfunction ameliorated in these models. Cardiac fibrosis was also suppressed by genetic depletion of OAFP. We found OAFP increased in circulation in aged humans and mice, and studies in chronologically aged mice showed this molecule increased in BAT with aging. Our results indicate that OAFP is secreted predominantly from BAT, and mediates pathogenic roles by augmenting cardiac fibrosis in dietary obesity or aging. Suppression of OAFP may become a therapy for HFpEF.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tsukano
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - I Shimizu
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Y Hsiao
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - R Ikegami
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - Y Hayashi
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - M Suda
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - G Katsuumi
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - M Nakao
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Minamino
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
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Hayasaka T, Takehara N, Horiuchi K, Kano K, Tomita Y, Yoshida Y, Maruyama K, Minoshima A, Kawabe J, Hasebe N. Sarcopenia-derived exosomal micro-RNA 16-5p exerts the cardio-repair disturbance via pro-apoptotic mechanism in myocardial infarction of mice. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is a pathophysiological malfunction induced by skeletal muscle atrophy, and several studies reported an association between sarcopenia-induced cardiac cachexia and poor prognosis in heart disease. Since only a few established animal models are recently available, the underlying mechanism of disturbed cardiac repair accompanied with sarcopenia remains poorly understood.
Purpose
We hypothesized that specific microRNAs in sarcopenia-derived exosomes play crucial roles in disturbed cardiac repair with sarcopenia, and these microRNAs directly exacerbate cardiomyocyte injury following cardiac ischemia and reperfusion.
Methods
We developed a novel sarcopenia-induced cardiac repair disturbance mouse model that is induced by tail suspension (TS) 7 days after a 45-min coronary occlusion of cardiac ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). The reduction of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after I/R was compared in mice with TS [I/R-TS(+), n=14] and without [I/R-TS(−), n=12] by echocardiography. To investigate the exosomal mechanism of cardiac repair disturbance, a comprehensive analysis of extracted exosomal microRNAs from mice serum was performed in the 2 groups at day 8. Then, we investigated the impact of the identified candidate microRNA in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRVMs). After 4 days in primary culture, candidate microRNA was transfected into NRVMs under hypoxic culture conditions. TUNEL analysis and quantitative PCR analysis of apoptosis-related genes were performed on the NRVMs.
Results
At day 8 after I/R, the LVEF of I/R-TS(+) was not significantly ameliorated compared to that of I/R-TS(−) (ΔLVEF; 1.59±6.92 vs. 8.04±7.71% p=0.034). Four candidate microRNAs obtained from I/R mice serum were identified in the microRNA array analysis. The re-analysis of these candidate micro-RNAs using all I/R mice demonstrated that the level of mir-16-5p in I/R-TS(+) was raised by approximately nine-fold than that in I/R-TS(−) (9.67±13.35 vs. 0.99±1.41, p<0.05). Next, an in vitro experimental model using a microRNA mimic revealed that apoptosis in NRVMs was greatly enhanced by the transfection of a mir-16-5p mimic in hypoxic culture conditions (mir-16-5p vs. control = 5.77±2.84 vs. 1.72±0.55%, p<0.01). Furthermore, by qRT-PCR analysis, the expression of CASP3 and TRP53 were upregulated in NRVMs treated with a mir-16-5p mimic than in control NRVMs.
Conclusion
Myocardial I/R injury in sarcopenia ended in cardiac repair disturbance accompanying with the enhanced expression of exosomal-mir-16-5p. A pro-apoptotic effect of mir-16-5p may exacerbate myocardial I/R injury and thus can be a novel therapeutic target for cardiac repair disturbance in sarcopenia.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hayasaka
- Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - N Takehara
- Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - K Horiuchi
- Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - K Kano
- Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Y Tomita
- Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - K Maruyama
- Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - A Minoshima
- Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - J Kawabe
- Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - N Hasebe
- Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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Hayashi Y, Shimizu I, Yoshida Y, Katsuumi G, Suda M, Fujiki S, Minamino T. The crucial roles of coagulation factors in inducing brown adipose tissue dysfunction and systemic metabolic disorder in obesity. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide. Obese individuals are predisposed to cardio-metabolic disorders. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an active metabolic organ abundant with mitochondria, and studies suggest a potential role of BAT in the maintenance of metabolic health in rodents and humans. Metabolic stress causes BAT dysfunction, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Coagulation factor Xa (FXa) is critically involved in a coagulation cascade, and it is also known to mediate biological effects by the activation of protease-activated receptor (PAR)-signaling. Accumulating evidence shows that PAR1 contributes to tissue remodeling in cardiovascular system. Analyzing deposited microarray data, we found transcripts for coagulation factors including factor VII (F7), factor X (F10), and PAR1 receptor were increased in BAT from obese mice. Here we show a previously unknown role of FXa-PAR signaling in promoting BAT dysfunction and systemic metabolic disorder in a murine dietary obese model.
Imposing a high fat diet (HFD) on C57BL/6NCr mice led to a marked increase in tissue factor (TF), coagulation factor VII and FXa in BAT. TF-FVIIa (activated form of FVII)-FXa complex is known to activate PAR1, and we found a significant increase in PAR1 expression in BAT upon metabolic stress. Administration of a FXa inhibitor ameliorated BAT whitening, improved thermogenic response and systemic glucose intolerance upon dietary obesity. Fxa inhibition reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in BAT. In contrast, administration of warfarin did not show any phenotype in BAT. BAT specific TF and PAR1 over-expression model showed significant whitening of this tissue, which was associated with systemic glucose intolerance. We generated BAT specific PAR1 KO mice. BAT-PAR1 KO mice exhibited re-browning of BAT along with reduced ROS level in this tissue. In BAT-PAR1 KO mice, glucose intolerance and thermogenic response under a metabolically stressed condition were ameliorated. In differentiated brown adipocytes, FXa markedly increased mitochondrial ROS and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Inhibition of PAR1 ameliorated FXa-induced mitochondrial ROS production and reduction in membrane potential. We also found that plasma FXa level did not increase in obese mice as well as in obese individuals. These results suggest the previously unknown role of coagulation systems in promoting BAT dysfunction, leading to systemic metabolic disorders. Maintenance of BAT homeostasis through the suppression of FXa-PAR1 signaling would become a new therapeutic target for obesity and diabetes.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hayashi
- Niigata University, Department of cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - I Shimizu
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata, Japan
| | - G Katsuumi
- Niigata University, Department of cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - M Suda
- Niigata University, Department of cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - S Fujiki
- Niigata University, Department of cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
| | - T Minamino
- Niigata University, Department of cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata, Japan
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Koakutsu M, Miki K, Naka Y, Sasaki M, Napier S, Nishimoto T, Yoshida Y. Differential expression levels of CD151 enable enrichment of atrial cardiomyocytes derived from human induced-pluripotent stem cell. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Human iPSCs-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSCs-CMs) are heterogeneous populations that contain ventricular-like CMs (VCMs), atrial-like CMs (ACMs) and pacemaker cells. Isolation of pure populations of each hiPSCs-CM subtype corresponding to the target regions of the heart enables effective drug screening process and stable engraftment of hiPSCs-CMs (e.g. ventricular cardiomyocytes without impurities).
Purpose
Atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes develop from distinct mesoderm populations, and many of different genes are expressed between two subtypes. Since our method of cardiomyocytes differentiation from hiPSCs mimics in vivo cardiomyocytes development, we hypothesized that two subtypes could be separated by differentially expressed genes in hiPSCs-CMs differentiation process. In this study, we focused cell surface genes which are useful for analysis by flow cytometry, and then identified cell surface marker that can distinguish atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes from hiPSCs-CMs.
Methods
We performed an antibody-based screening using hiPSCs-CMs induced under atrial induction condition (AIC) and ventricular induction condition (VIC) by flow cytometry. To identify cell surface markers which enable discrimination of cardiac subtypes, we isolated the cell populations using the antibodies against the cell surface markers. Quantitative PCR was performed to analyze expression levels of subtype-specific genes in sorted cells. We confirmed subtype classification of cells using patch-clamp method.
Results
We identified CD151 as a novel candidate of atrial/ventricular selectable marker. The expression level of CD151 was low in most hiPSCs-CMs under AIC. In these cells, CD151-low cells highly expressed atrial genes compared to CD151-high cells. In contrast, the expression level of CD151 was high in most hiPSCs-CMs under VIC. In these cells, CD151-high cells highly expressed ventricular genes compared to CD151-low cells. Furthermore, we investigated the electrophysiological properties of CD151-high and -low cells using patch-clamp experiments. As expected, the cells showing atrial type action potential were enriched in AIC with low expression of CD151 (n=17). On the other hand, CD151-high cells (n=16) contained no atrial CMs, but mostly nodal like cells. In addition, CD151-low cells in AIC were affected with action potential duration by exposure of atrial specific channel blocker (4-aminopyridine) and activator (carbachol). In VIC, CD151-high cells (n=16) demonstrated ventricular type action potential property compared to CD151-low cells (n=21).
Conclusion
These results suggest that CD151 is a useful marker which can enrich ACMs from hiPSCs-CMs. Because these enriched ACMs are uniform population, it may be appropriate for atrial-selective drug screening. Additionally, this marker can reduce contaminated ACMs from hiPSCs-CMs cultured in VIC.
Action potential of CD151-high/low CMs
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Other. Main funding source(s): Takeda pharmaceutical company limited, Japan society for the promotion of science(JSPS) KAKENHI
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Affiliation(s)
- M Koakutsu
- Kyoto University, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Miki
- Kyoto University, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Naka
- Kyoto University, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Kyoto University, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Napier
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, T-CiRA Discovery, Fujisawashi, Japan
| | - T Nishimoto
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, T-CiRA Discovery, Fujisawashi, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- Kyoto University, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto, Japan
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Yoshida Y, Broyles S, Scribner R, Chen L, Phillippi S, Jackson-Thompson J, Simoes EJ, Tseng TS. Social support modifies the negative effects of acculturation on obesity and central obesity in Mexican men. Ethn Health 2020; 25:1103-1114. [PMID: 29944431 PMCID: PMC9044708 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2018.1492708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: This study examined the moderating role of social support in the acculturation-obesity/central obesity relationship in Mexican American (MA) men and women. Methods: Data from NHANES 1999-2008 were used. Acculturation derived from language use, country of birth and length of residence in the U.S. Social support assessed emotional and financial support. BMI (≥30) and waist circumference (≥88 cm for women; ≥102 cm for men) measured obesity and central obesity, respectively. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models were used to describe associations. Results: Compared to less acculturation, more acculturation was associated with higher odds of obesity (ORs 2.48; 95% CI 1.06-5.83) and central obesity (2.90; 1.39-6.08) among MA men with low/no social support, but not among MA men reporting high social support. The modifying effects was not observed among women. Conclusion: Higher amounts of social support appeared to attenuate the risk of obesity/central obesity associated with acculturation. Interventions enhancing social support maybe effective among acculturated MAs, particularly among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Yoshida
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, CE707 CS&E Bldg., One Hospital Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65212
- Missouri Cancer Registry & Research Center, 401 Clark Hall, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Stephanie Broyles
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 3FL, 2020 Gravier St., New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Richard Scribner
- Epidemiology program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 3FL, 2020 Gravier St., New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, 503 Edwards Hall, Clemson, SC 29634-0745
| | - Stephen Phillippi
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 3FL, 2020 Gravier St., New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Jeanette Jackson-Thompson
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, CE707 CS&E Bldg., One Hospital Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65212
- Missouri Cancer Registry & Research Center, 401 Clark Hall, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Eduardo J. Simoes
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, CE707 CS&E Bldg., One Hospital Drive, Columbia, Missouri 65212
| | - Tung-Sung Tseng
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 3FL, 2020 Gravier St., New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
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Nakanishi K, Daimon M, Yoshida Y, Ishiwata J, Sawada N, Hirokawa M, Kaneko H, Nakao T, Mizuno Y, Morita H, Di Tullio M, Homma S, Komuro I. Carotid intima-media thickness and subclinical left heart dysfunction in the general population. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Although carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is an established marker of atherosclerosis and carries independent risk for cardiovascular disease, its possible association with subclinical cardiac dysfunction has not been extensively evaluated. Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) and peak left atrial longitudinal systolic strain (PALS) can detect subclinical left heart dysfunction.
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the association between carotid IMT and subclinical left heart dysfunction in a large sample of the general population without overt cardiac disease.
Methods
We examined 1,161 participants who underwent extensive cardiovascular examination. Ultrasonography of common carotid artery was performed for the measurement of maximal carotid IMT. LVGLS and PALS were assessed by 2-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography.
Results
Mean age was 62±12 years, and 56% were male. The prevalence of abnormal LVGLS (>−18.6%) and PALS (<31.4%) was greatest in the upper quartile of carotid IMT (both p<0.001; Figure). In multivariable analyses, carotid IMT was associated with abnormal LVGLS (adjusted odds ratio = 1.33 per 1SD increase of IMT, p=0.003) as well as PALS (adjusted odds ratio = 1.33 per 1SD increase of IMT, p=0.005) independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, echocardiographic parameters including LV ejection fraction, LV mass index and diastolic dysfunction, and pertinent laboratory parameters. The independent association between carotid IMT and PALS persisted even after adjustment for LVGLS. When carotid IMT was examined as a categorical variable, the upper quartile of carotid IMT carried a significant risk of abnormal LVGLS and PALS in a fully-adjusted model including echocardiographic and laboratory parameters (adjusted odds ratio 2.27 and 3.03 vs. lower quartile, both p<0.01).
Conclusion
Participants with increased IMT had significantly impaired LV and LA function in an unselected community-based cohort. This association may be involved in the higher incidence of cardiovascular disease in individuals with increased carotid IMT.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Daimon
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Yoshida
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - N Sawada
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - H Kaneko
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Nakao
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Mizuno
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Morita
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Di Tullio
- Columbia University Medical Center, Medicine, New York, United States of America
| | - S Homma
- Columbia University Medical Center, Medicine, New York, United States of America
| | - I Komuro
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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