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Asif A, Ali M, Qadir M, Karthikeyan R, Singh Z, Khangura R, Di Gioia F, Ahmed ZFR. Enhancing crop resilience by harnessing the synergistic effects of biostimulants against abiotic stress. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1276117. [PMID: 38173926 PMCID: PMC10764035 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1276117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Plants experience constant exposed to diverse abiotic stresses throughout their growth and development stages. Given the burgeoning world population, abiotic stresses pose significant challenges to food and nutritional security. These stresses are complex and influenced by both genetic networks and environmental factors, often resulting in significant crop losses, which can reach as high as fifty percent. To mitigate the effects of abiotic stresses on crops, various strategies rooted in crop improvement and genomics are being explored. In particular, the utilization of biostimulants, including bio-based compounds derived from plants and beneficial microbes, has garnered considerable attention. Biostimulants offer the potential to reduce reliance on artificial chemical agents while enhancing nutritional efficiency and promoting plant growth under abiotic stress condition. Commonly used biostimulants, which are friendly to ecology and human health, encompass inorganic substances (e.g., zinc oxide and silicon) and natural substances (e.g., seaweed extracts, humic substances, chitosan, exudates, and microbes). Notably, prioritizing environmentally friendly biostimulants is crucial to prevent issues such as soil degradation, air and water pollution. In recent years, several studies have explored the biological role of biostimulants in plant production, focusing particularly on their mechanisms of effectiveness in horticulture. In this context, we conducted a comprehensive review of the existing scientific literature to analyze the current status and future research directions concerning the use of various biostimulants, such as plant-based zinc oxide, silicon, selenium and aminobutyric acid, seaweed extracts, humic acids, and chitosan for enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Furthermore, we correlated the molecular modifications induced by these biostimulants with different physiological pathways and assessed their impact on plant performance in response to abiotic stresses, which can provide valuable insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Asif
- Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maratab Ali
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
- School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muslim Qadir
- Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Sciences, Lasbela, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Rajmohan Karthikeyan
- Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zora Singh
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Ravjit Khangura
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, Kensington, WA, Australia
| | - Francesco Di Gioia
- Department of Plant Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, College State, PA, United States
| | - Zienab F. R. Ahmed
- Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Shah HMS, Singh Z, Kaur J, Hasan MU, Woodward A, Afrifa-Yamoah E. Trends in maintaining postharvest freshness and quality of Rubus berries. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:4600-4643. [PMID: 37661731 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Blackberries and raspberries, commonly known as Rubus berries, are commercially grown worldwide across different climates. Rubus berries contain wide array of phytochemicals, vitamins, dietary fibers, minerals, and unsaturated fatty acids. Nevertheless, these berries have short storage life which is the major constraint in their supply chains leading to higher postharvest losses. Inappropriate harvest handling, physical bruising, insect pests, and postharvest diseases lower the acceptability of fruit among consumers and other supply chain stakeholders. Additionally, the susceptibility to microbial decay, fruit softening, higher ethylene production, respiratory activity, and increased oxidation of anthocyanins, phenolics, and flavonoids considerably affects the marketability of Rubus berries at domestic and international markets. To date, several postharvest strategies such as cold storage, precooling, modified and controlled atmospheres, anti-ripening chemicals, edible coatings, biological agents, and nonchemical alternatives (heat treatment, ultrasound, irradiations, ozone) have been reported to prolong storage life, ensure food safety, and maintain the nutritional quality of Rubus berries. This review briefly encompasses multiple aspects including harvest maturity indices, regulation of fruit ripening, pre and postharvest factors affecting fruit quality, and an update on postharvest quality preservation by employing postharvest technologies to extend the storage life and maintaining the bioactive compounds in Rubus berries which are lacking in the literature. Accordingly, this review provides valuable information to the industry stakeholders and scientists offering relevant solutions, limitations in the application of certain technologies at commercial scale, highlighting research gaps, and paving the way forward for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zora Singh
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jashanpreet Kaur
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mahmood Ul Hasan
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Woodward
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Eben Afrifa-Yamoah
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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Shah HMS, Khan AS, Singh Z, Ayyub S. Postharvest Biology and Technology of Loquat ( Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Foods 2023; 12:foods12061329. [PMID: 36981255 PMCID: PMC10048680 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruit is a rich source of carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics, sugars, and organic acids. Although it is classified as a non-climacteric fruit, susceptibility to mechanical and physical bruising causes its rapid deterioration by moisture loss and postharvest decay caused by pathogens. Anthracnose, canker, and purple spot are the most prevalent postharvest diseases of loquat fruit. Cold storage has been used for quality management of loquat fruit, but the susceptibility of some cultivars to chilling injury (CI) consequently leads to browning and other disorders. Various techniques, including cold storage, controlled atmosphere storage, hypobaric storage, modified atmosphere packaging, low-temperature conditioning, heat treatment, edible coatings, and postharvest chemical application, have been tested to extend shelf life, mitigate chilling injury, and quality preservation. This review comprehensively focuses on the recent advances in the postharvest physiology and technology of loquat fruit, such as harvest maturity, fruit ripening physiology, postharvest storage techniques, and physiological disorders and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Sattar Khan
- Postharvest Research and Training Centre, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Zora Singh
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup 6027, Australia
| | - Saqib Ayyub
- Postharvest Research and Training Centre, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
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Kaur J, Singh Z, Shah HMS, Mazhar MS, Hasan MU, Woodward A. Insights into phytonutrient profile and postharvest quality management of jackfruit: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-27. [PMID: 36789587 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2174947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.), also known as 'vegetarian's meat', is an excellent source of carbohydrates, protein, fiber, vitamins, minerals, and several phytochemicals. It is a climacteric fruit that exhibits an increase in ethylene biosynthesis and respiration rate during fruit ripening. The market value of jackfruit is reduced due to the deterioration of fruit quality during storage and transportation. There is a lack of standardized harvest maturity index in jackfruit, where consequently, fruit harvested at immature or overmature stages result in poor quality ripe fruit with short storage life. Other factors responsible for its short postharvest life relate to its highly perishable nature, chilling sensitivity and susceptibility to fruit rot which result in significant qualitative and quantitative losses. Various postharvest management techniques have been adopted to extend the storage life, including cold storage, controlled atmosphere storage, modified atmosphere packaging, edible coatings, chemical treatment, and non-chemical alternatives. Diversified products have been prepared from jackfruit to mitigate such losses. This comprehensive review highlights the nutritional profile, fruit ripening physiology, pre and postharvest quality management, and value addition of jackfruit as well as the way forward to reduce postharvest losses in the supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jashanpreet Kaur
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Zora Singh
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Muhammad Sohail Mazhar
- Department of Industry, Tourism and Trade, Northern Territory, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- College of Engineering IT & Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Mahmood Ul Hasan
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Woodward
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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Malekipoor R, Singh Z, Johnson SK, Payne A. Fumigation with lemon and cinnamon oils suppresses ethylene production and maintains the fruit quality of controlled atmosphere-stored organic apples. Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.100958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Oladzadabbasabadi N, Mohammadi Nafchi A, Ghasemlou M, Ariffin F, Singh Z, Al-Hassan A. Natural anthocyanins: Sources, extraction, characterization, and suitability for smart packaging. Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.100872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Tokala VY, Singh Z, Kyaw PN. Postharvest quality of 'Cripps Pink' apple fruit influenced by ethylene antagonists during controlled atmosphere storage with photocatalytic oxidation. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:4484-4490. [PMID: 35119687 PMCID: PMC9542786 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study investigated the efficacy of 1H-cyclopropa[b]naphthalene (NC) and 1H-cyclopropabenzene (BC) with respect to antagonizing ethylene action and maintaining postharvest fruit quality in 'Cripps Pink' apple stored in a controlled atmosphere comprising 3.45 ± 0.45% oxygen and 2.40 ± 0.36% carbon dioxide with photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) at 0 ± 1 °C and 90 ± 5% relative humidity. RESULTS The BC, NC, and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) fumigation treatments delayed the climacteric peaks onset and retarded ethylene production rates compared to control fruit. Treatments with ethylene antagonist also maintained fruit firmness (up to 1.12 times), titratable acidity (up to 1.08 times), malic acid (up to 1.23 times), ascorbic acid (up to 1.12 times) and total phenol levels (up to 1.19 times) higher compared to that in control fruit. The 1-MCP was more efficient in reducing the rates of ethylene production compared to NC and BC, but, in the case of all other fruit quality parameters investigated, the effect of NC and BC treatments were on a par with 1-MCP. CONCLUSION The NC and BC have the potential to be used as ethylene antagonists in 'Cripps Pink' apple fruit stored in a controlled atmosphere with PCO. The efficacy of different concentrations of NC and BC in downregulating ethylene action, as well as interactive effects of PCO on the performance of ethylene antagonists, still warrants further investigation. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zora Singh
- School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin UniversityPerthWAAustralia
- Present address:
Horticulture, School of ScienceEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWAAustralia
| | - Poe Nandar Kyaw
- School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin UniversityPerthWAAustralia
- Present address:
Department of HorticultureYezin Agricultural UniversityYezinMyanmar
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Tokala VY, Singh Z, Kyaw PN. Postharvest fruit quality of apple influenced by ethylene antagonist fumigation and ozonized cold storage. Food Chem 2020; 341:128293. [PMID: 33045586 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of two new ethylene antagonists namely 1H-cyclopropabenzene (BC) and 1H-cyclopropa[b]naphthalene (NC), as well as 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on ethylene production and fruit quality of Cripps Pink and Granny Smith apple in ozonized cold storage, were investigated. When compared to control, Cripps Pink fruit fumigated with BC and NC exhibited significantly lowest ethylene production and respiration, whilst the Granny Smith fruit treated with 1-MCP exhibited lowest ethylene production followed by NC and BC treatments. Application of ozone in cold storage maintained higher levels of sugars but elevated ethylene production in both the apple cultivars. No significant interaction was recorded between ethylene antagonists and ozone application in cold storage on the ethylene production, respiration and other fruit quality parameters. In conclusion, results suggest that BC and NC are potential ethylene antagonists in Cripps Pink and Granny Smith apples during the cold storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Yadav Tokala
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth 6845, WA, Australia; Amity Institute of Horticulture Studies and Research, Amity University, Noida 201313, UP, India.
| | - Zora Singh
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth 6845, WA, Australia; Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering & Education, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
| | - Poe Nandar Kyaw
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth 6845, WA, Australia; Department of Horticulture, Yezin Agricultural University, Yezin 15013, Myanmar.
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Vithana MD, Singh Z, Johnson SK. Regulation of the levels of health promoting compounds: lupeol, mangiferin and phenolic acids in the pulp and peel of mango fruit: a review. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:3740-3751. [PMID: 30723909 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is a demand for feasible methodologies that can increase/maintain the levels of health-promoting phytochemicals in horticultural produce, due to strong evidence that these compounds can reduce risk of chronic diseases. Mango (Mangifera indica L.), ranks fifth among the most cultivated fruit crops in the world, is naturally rich in phytochemicals such as lupeol, mangiferin and phenolic acids (e.g. gallic acid, chlorogenic acid and vanillic acid). Yet, there is still much scope for up-regulating the levels of these compounds in mango fruit through manipulation of different preharvest and postharvest practices that affect their biosynthesis and degradation. The process of ripening, harvest maturity, physical and chemical elicitor treatments such as low temperature stress, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA) and nitric oxide (NO) and the availability of enzyme cofactors (Mg2+ , Mn2+ and Fe2+ ) required in terpenoid biosynthesis were identified as potential determinants of the concentration of health-promoting compounds in mango fruit. The effectiveness of these preharvest and postharvest approaches in regulating the levels of lupeol, mangiferin and phenolic acids in the pulp and peel of mango fruit will be discussed. In general spray application of 0.2% iron(II) sulphate (FeSO4 ) 30 days before harvest, harvest at sprung stage, storage of mature green fruit at 5 °C for 12 days prior to ripening, fumigation of mature green fruit with 10-5 mol L-1 and/or 10-4 mol L-1 MeJA for 24 h or 20 and/or 40 µL L-1 NO for 2 h upregulate the levels of lupeol, mangiferin and phenolic acids in pulp and peel of ripe mango fruit. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekhala Dk Vithana
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Zora Singh
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Stuart K Johnson
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Vithana MD, Singh Z, Johnson SK, Gupta R. Concentrations of health-promoting phytochemicals in ripe mango fruit triggered by postharvest application of elicitors. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:1126-1134. [PMID: 30047146 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mango fruit harvested at green mature stage were treated with methyl jasmonate (MeJA), nitric oxide (NO), or salicylic acid (SA) to investigate their effects on phytochemical concentrations in ripe fruit. RESULTS Fruit fumigated with MeJA showed the highest increase in the concentrations of gallic acid (33.0%), caffeic acid (80.0%), total phenols (38.4%), and total antioxidant capacity (20.9%) in the peel, and total carotenoids (48.7%) in the pulp, compared to control. The fruit dipped in SA showed the highest increase in the concentrations of lupeol (59.8%) and ferulic acid (73.2%) in the pulp and ferulic acid (67.4%) in the peel. Fruit fumigated with NO or MeJA showed the highest concentrations of lupeol in the peel (94.3%, 119.4%), and gallic acid (37.9%, 61.0%), total phenols (62.7%, 31.0%), and ascorbic acid (17.7%, 18.8%) in the pulp respectively. All the elicitor treatments were significantly effective in increasing concentrations of mangiferin and chlorogenic acid in the pulp and peel, vanillic acid in the peel, and total antioxidant capacity in the pulp. CONCLUSION Overall, MeJA (10-5 to 10-4 mol L-1 ) was identified as the most effective elicitor for triggering phytochemical production during ripening of harvested mango fruit. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekhala Dk Vithana
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Zora Singh
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Stuart K Johnson
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Ritu Gupta
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
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Vithana MD, Singh Z, Johnson SK. Dynamics in the concentrations of health-promoting compounds: lupeol, mangiferin and different phenolic acids during postharvest ripening of mango fruit. J Sci Food Agric 2018; 98:1460-1468. [PMID: 28786116 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.) is renowned for its pleasant taste and as a rich source of health beneficial compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in concentrations of health-promoting compounds, namely ascorbic acid, carotenoids, antioxidants, lupeol, mangiferin, total phenols and individual phenolic acids, as well as ethylene production and respiration rates during climacteric ripening in 'Kensington Pride' and 'R2E2' mango fruit. RESULTS The climacteric ethylene and respiration peaks were noted on the third day of the fruit ripening period. The concentrations of total carotenoids in the pulp, total antioxidants in both pulp and peel, and total phenols of the peel, lupeol and mangiferin were significantly elevated, whereas the concentration of ascorbic acid declined during post-climacteric ripening. Gallic, chlorogenic and vanillic acids were identified as the major phenolic acids in both pulp and peel of 'Kensington Pride' and 'R2E2' mangoes. The concentrations of phenolic acids (gallic, chlorogenic, vanillic, ferulic and caffeic acids) also increased during the post-climacteric phase. The concentrations of all phenolic compounds were several-fold higher in the peel than pulp. CONCLUSION Mangoes at post-climacteric ripening phase offer the highest concentrations of health-promoting compounds. Peel, at this stage of fruit ripening, could be exploited as a good source for extraction of these compounds. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekhala Dk Vithana
- Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, 6845, WA, Australia
| | - Zora Singh
- Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, 6845, WA, Australia
| | - Stuart K Johnson
- School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, 6845, WA, Australia
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Vithana MDK, Singh Z, Johnson SK. Levels of terpenoids, mangiferin and phenolic acids in the pulp and peel of ripe mango fruit influenced by pre-harvest spray application of FeSO 4 (Fe 2+), MgSO 4 (Mg 2+) and MnSO 4 (Mn 2+). Food Chem 2018; 256:71-76. [PMID: 29606474 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.02.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fe2+, Mg2+ and Mn2+ are enzyme cofactors in terpenoids biosynthesis. Effects of pre-harvest spray of FeSO4, MgSO4 and MnSO4 (0.2% and 0.3%) 30 d prior to harvest on the levels of terpenoids and phenolic compounds in ripe mango fruit were investigated. All treatments significantly increased lupeol in the peel compared to control and it was highest in pulp of 0.3% FeSO4-treated fruit. Spray of each nutrient (0.3%) increased total carotenoids in the pulp. Mangiferin in pulp was significantly higher in the fruit treated with 0.2% FeSO4, MgSO4 and MnSO4 compared to control and 0.3%. Concentrations of gallic, ferulic and caffeic acids in the peel and chlorogenic acid in pulp and peel were highest in fruit sprayed with 0.2% FeSO4. In conclusion, pre-harvest spray of FeSO4, MgSO4 and MnSO4 regulates concentrations of terpenoids and phenolic compounds in the pulp and peel of ripe mango fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekhala Dinushi Kananke Vithana
- Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Zora Singh
- Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Stuart Keith Johnson
- School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia
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Selvaraj K, Kumar AMV, Chawla S, Shringarpure KS, Thekkur P, Palanivel C, Verma PB, Shah AN, Pandya KN, Roy G, Singh Z, Rewari BB, Dongre AR. Are partners of HIV-infected people being tested for HIV? A mixed-methods research from Gujarat, India. Public Health Action 2017; 7:46-54. [PMID: 28775943 DOI: 10.5588/pha.16.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Setting: Four selected antiretroviral therapy (ART) centres of Gujarat State, India, which accounts for 8% of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden in India. Objectives: 1) To assess the proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) whose partners were not tested for HIV; 2) to assess sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of index cases associated with partner testing; and 3) to understand perceived facilitators and barriers to partner testing and make suggestions on how to improve testing from the perspective of the health-care provider. Design: A mixed-method design with a quantitative phase that involved reviewing the programme records of married PLHIV enrolled during 2011-2015, followed by a qualitative phase of key informant interviews. Results: Of 3884 married PLHIV, 1279 (33%) did not have their partners tested for HIV. Factors including index cases being male, illiterate, aged >25 years, belonging to key populations, substance use and being in advanced clinical stages were more likely to be associated with partner non-testing. Non-disclosure of HIV status (due to fear of marital discord) and lack of awareness and risk perception were the key barriers to testing. Conclusion: One third of PLHIV did not have their partners tested for HIV. Several factors were identified as being associated with the non-testing of partners, and solutions were explored that need to be implemented urgently if we are to achieve the 90-90-90 targets and end HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Selvaraj
- Department of Community Medicine, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India
| | - A M V Kumar
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), South-East Asia Office, New Delhi, India.,The Union, Paris, France
| | - S Chawla
- Gujarat State AIDS Control Society, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Gujarat, Ahmedabad, India
| | - K S Shringarpure
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Government Medical College, Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - P Thekkur
- Department of Community Medicine, Mahathma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India
| | - C Palanivel
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - P B Verma
- Department of Community Medicine, Gujarat Medical Education and Research Society Medical College, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - A N Shah
- Department of Medicine, BJ Medical College, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - K N Pandya
- Department of Medicine, MP Shah Government Medical College and GG Government Hospital, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - G Roy
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Z Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India
| | - B B Rewari
- World Health Organization Country Office India, New Delhi, India
| | - A R Dongre
- Department of Community Medicine, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Puducherry, India
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Goyal P, Singh Z, Sethi GK. Association of Age at Menarche with Anthropometric Measures in Punjabi Bania Girls. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 10:IC01-IC05. [PMID: 28050402 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/22205.8796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Menarcheal age is the age at which menstruation begins. Menarcheal age is regarded as a sensitive indicator of physical, biological and psychological environment. AIM 1) To determine the menarcheal age and to examine the relationship between current age at menarche with anthropometric measures in Punjabi bania girls. 2) To develop maturity standards for Bania girls. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present cross-sectional survey was carried out on 200 bania girls at the age of onset of menarche. Menarcheal data was obtained by status quo method by asking about whether menarche has been experienced or not. In the present survey adolescent girls were interviewed with the help of pre-designed questionnaire. Statistical analysis was carried out in SPSS software, version 16.0. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for correlation studies. RESULTS A total of 200 Punjabi bania girls were examined in the study. The median age of onset of menarche in these girls was 12.3 years. Menarcheal age was positively associated with bi-acromial width, bi-iliac width and arm span. CONCLUSION The present research has revealed secular trend in the age of onset of menarche as indicated by median age of 12.3 years in Bania girls. The bi-acromial width, bi-iliac width and arm span were also correlated with the age of menarche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Goyal
- Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, Guru Nanak Dev Dental College and Research institute , Sunam, Punjab, India
| | - Zora Singh
- Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, Dashmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences , Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Gurmeet Kaur Sethi
- Professor and Head, Department of Paediatrics and Principal, G. G. S. Medical College , Faridkot, Punjab, India
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Ullah S, Singh Z, Khan AS, Khan SAKU, Razzaq K, Payne AD. Postharvest application of 1-MCP and ethylene influences fruit softening and quality of ‘Arctic Pride’ nectarine at ambient conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.2016.10.09.p7648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Purty A, Singh Z, Natesan M, Chauhan R, Ramachandran D. Role of medical colleges in TB control under RNTCP - Five years experience in Puducherry, S. India (2010 -2014). Int J Infect Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.02.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Gill MIS, Singh Z, Dhillon B, Gosal S. Somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration on calluses derived from seedling explants of ‘Kinnow’ mandarin (Citrus nobilisLour, ×Citrus deliciosaTenora). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1994.11516449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
Postharvest technologies have allowed horticultural industries to meet the global demands of local and large-scale production and intercontinental distribution of fresh produce that have high nutritional and sensory quality. Harvested products are metabolically active, undergoing ripening and senescence processes that must be controlled to prolong postharvest quality. Inadequate management of these processes can result in major losses in nutritional and quality attributes, outbreaks of foodborne pathogens and financial loss for all players along the supply chain, from growers to consumers. Optimal postharvest treatments for fresh produce seek to slow down physiological processes of senescence and maturation, reduce/inhibit development of physiological disorders and minimize the risk of microbial growth and contamination. In addition to basic postharvest technologies of temperature management, an array of others have been developed including various physical (heat, irradiation and edible coatings), chemical (antimicrobials, antioxidants and anti-browning) and gaseous treatments. This article examines the current status on postharvest treatments of fresh produce and emerging technologies, such as plasma and ozone, that can be used to maintain quality, reduce losses and waste of fresh produce. It also highlights further research needed to increase our understanding of the dynamic response of fresh produce to various postharvest treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. V. Mahajan
- Department of Horticultural Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering (ATB), Potsdam, Germany
- Agro-polymer Engineering and Emerging Technologies, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Montpellier, France
| | - O. J. Caleb
- Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Z. Singh
- Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory, Department of Environment and Agriculture, School of Science and International Institute of Agri-Food Security (IIAFS), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - C. B. Watkins
- Department of Horticulture, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - M. Geyer
- Department of Horticultural Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering (ATB), Potsdam, Germany
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Chaudhary P, Singh Z, Khullar M, Arora K. Levator glandulae thyroideae, a fibromusculoglandular band with absence of pyramidal lobe and its innervation: a case report. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7:1421-4. [PMID: 23998080 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2013/6144.3186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Amongst the endocrine glands, thyroid gland is well known for its developmental anomalies, which range from common to rare ones. The presence of levator glandulae thyroideae and its anatomical variations gain importance in the pathologies which are related to thyroid gland and their treatment modalities. Levator glandulae thyroideae is a fibromuscular band. If it is present, it is usually seen on the left side, to connect the pyramidal lobe of thyroid gland and the hyoid bone. But levator glandulae thyroideae which stretches from isthmus to the body of hyoid bone is rare and only very few cases have been reported in the medical literature. During a routine dissection of the thyroid gland in a 55 years old male cadaver, a Levator Glandulae Thyroideae (which was fibromusculoglandular in nature) was seen, with the absence of pyramidal lobe on the left side. It directly came from upper border of isthmus and went upto hyoid bone. It also had innervation from branches of external laryngeal nerve. This was also associated with absence of superior thyroid artery on the same side. The knowledge on various developmental anomalies of the gland and variations in neurovascular relations will help the surgeons in plan thyroid surgeries in a better and safe way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Chaudhary
- Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, G.G.S. Medical College , Faridkot, Punjab, India
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Shafiq M, Singh Z, Khan AS. Time of methyl jasmonate application influences the development of 'Cripps Pink' apple fruit colour. J Sci Food Agric 2013; 93:611-618. [PMID: 22936632 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2011] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of time and numbers of pre-harvest sprays of methyl jasmonate (MJ) on the development of red blush, export-grade fruit, accumulation of flavonoids in fruit skin and quality of 'Cripps Pink' apple were investigated in 2005 and 2006. In the first experiment during 2005, whole trees were sprayed once with 10 mmol L(-1) MJ at weekly intervals from 155 to 183 days after full bloom (DAFB). In second experiment during 2006, different numbers of sprays (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6) of 5 mmol L(-1) MJ were applied from 151 to 179 DAFB. RESULTS A single spray of MJ (10 mmol L(-1)) at 169 DAFB resulted in the highest increase in the red blush, export-grade fruit, accumulation of anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-galactosides, chlorogenic acid, phloridzin, flavanols and flavonols in fruit skin as compared to all other treatments without affecting fruit quality. A single spray of 5 mmol L(-1) MJ at 186 DAFB was more effective in improving red blush, export-grade fruit and accumulation of anthocyanins in fruit skin as compared to its multiple applications. The exposed sides of fruit developed better colour than the shaded sides, regardless of time and numbers of MJ sprays. Time of a single spray of MJ is more effective than its multiple applications. CONCLUSIONS A single pre-harvest spray of MJ (10 mmol L(-1)) at 169 DAFB or MJ (5 mmol L(-1)) at 186 DAFB was effective in improving the red blush and export grade fruit through accumulation of flavonoids in fruit skin without adversely affecting quality at harvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Horticulture, PMAS University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Vettath RE, Reddy YNV, Reddy YNV, Dutta S, Singh Z, Mathew M, Abraham G. A multicenter cross-sectional study of mental and physical health depression in MHD patients. Indian J Nephrol 2012; 22:251-6. [PMID: 23162267 PMCID: PMC3495345 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.101243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is ranked fourth among the disabling diseases affecting people worldwide and is the most common psychological problem in patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). The aim of this study is to assess the physical and emotional health status of renal dialysis patients, based on the SF-36 scale in relation to their economic status. Sixty maintenance hemodialysis patients, with a mean age of 40±13 years were included in this cross-sectional study using the SF-36 scale. It comprises 36 questions regarding physical and mental functions, body pain, vitality, etc. An SF-36 score of 50 or less was considered as moderate to severe depression and 51–100 as mild depression to good health. 56.81% of the patients who are below poverty line under dialysis had moderate to severe depression with regard to their health status. A physical health score of up to 50 was seen in 63.63% of patients below poverty line 63.63% (P= 0.16). A mental health score of 0–50 was observed in 61.63% of the cohort studied (P = 0.22). Among the patient with diabetes (28.33%) 55.56% had depression. Dialysis duration was directly associated with deteriorating physical health status and inversely proportional to their mental health status (P<0.05). There are problems in other regular activities due to depressed physical and mental health. The factors that were identified in this study that influence depression such as poverty status, increasing age, vintage and frequency of dialysis and treatment with erythropoietin dosage should be addressed and treated accordingly to improve the quality of life. Improving self-esteem with fruitful employment opportunities, concerted rehabilitation by professionals and easing of economic burden by private–public partnership is an achievable goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Vettath
- Department of Medicine, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry, India
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Singh SP, Singh Z. Controlled and modified atmospheres influence chilling injury, fruit quality and antioxidative system of Japanese plums (Prunus salicinaLindell). Int J Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.03196.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sukhvinder Pal Singh
- Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory; Department of Environment and Agriculture; School of Science and International Institute of Agri-Food Security (IIAFS); Curtin University; GPO Box U1987; Perth; WA; 6845; Australia
| | - Zora Singh
- Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory; Department of Environment and Agriculture; School of Science and International Institute of Agri-Food Security (IIAFS); Curtin University; GPO Box U1987; Perth; WA; 6845; Australia
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Shafiq M, Singh Z, Khan AS. Delayed harvest and cold storage period influence ethylene production, fruit firmness and quality of ‘Cripps Pink’ apple. Int J Food Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02776.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Purty AJ, Singh Z, Kisku KH, Bazroy J, Murugan N, Cherian J, Senthilvel A, Govindarajan S. P1-296 Case-finding and treatment of TB patients in medical colleges in pondicherry, S. India: patient and health system delays under the revised national TB control programme (RNTCP). Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976e.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Purty AJ, Mahajan P, Singh Z, Meenakshi A, Murugan N, Cherian J, Senthilvel A, Gurumurthy D. P2-537 Tracking progress towards elimination of iodine deficiency disorders in Puducherry (India), a school based study. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976m.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Banerjee A, Sahni AK, Gupta RM, Grewal VS, Singh Z. Outbreak of Rubella Among Cadets in an Academy. Med J Armed Forces India 2011; 63:141-3. [PMID: 27407970 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(07)80058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2004] [Accepted: 05/09/2005] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rubella is traditionally considered a childhood disease, but has the potential to cause outbreaks in closed community of young adults. The present paper describes one such outbreak in a military training establishment. METHOD The cases of rubella outbreak were identified by clinical features (fever, rash and lymphadenopathy) and confirmed by detection of high titre of anti-rubella IgM antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Initial serum samples were also tested for antibodies against measles, scrub typhus and dengue. Salient epidemiological features of the outbreak were studied. RESULT 163 cadets were admitted in the local military hospital within two months. The cases presented with fever, coryza, lymphadenopathy and maculopapular rash. 117 (71.78%) of the samples showed presence of anti-rubella IgM antibodies. CONCLUSION Rubella outbreaks in military communities have the potential to adversely affect military training/operations. The need for administration of vaccination against rubella in such population may be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Banerjee
- Associate Professor (PSM), DY Patil Medical College, Pune
| | - A K Sahni
- Classified Specialist (Pathology & Microbiology), DRDE, Gwalior
| | - R M Gupta
- Associate Professor (Microbiology), AFMC, Pune
| | - V S Grewal
- Medical Officer, HQ 54 Inf Div (Med), C/o 56 APO
| | - Z Singh
- Ex-Commandant, MH Jallandhar
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Parveen S, Khateeb ZA, Mufti SM, Shah MA, Tandon VR, Hakak S, Singh Z, Yasmeen S, Mir SA, Tabasum R, Jan N. Comparison of sublingual, vaginal, and oral misoprostol in cervical ripening for first trimester abortion. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 43:172-5. [PMID: 21572652 PMCID: PMC3081456 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.77356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To compare the effectiveness and tolerability of misoprostol as a cervical ripening agent in first trimester abortion through three different routes of administration before surgical evacuation (SE). Materials and Methods: It was a hospital based prospective randomized open labeled parallel study. A total of 150 randomly selected married women were divided in three groups for sublingual (S/L), vaginal and oral 400 μg of misoprostol single dose administration. The drug was administered 3-4 h before SE in the S/L and vaginal groups and 12 h before the procedure in the oral group. Efficacy was assessed on the basis of time taken for ripening, dilatation achieved, duration of the procedure, intra-operative blood loss, and pain score. The tolerability was noted on the basis of side effects. Results: The mean time taken for cervical ripening was less in sublingual administration (3.7±1.2 hr) as compared to the vaginal and oral routes. The S/L group had significant cervical dilatation (P<0.001) and the duration of SE was less as compared to the vaginal and oral routes. However, the mean intraoperative blood loss was more in sublingual as compared to the vaginal and oral groups. The intra-operative pain score of the S/L group was significantly lower (1.9±1.1, P<0.05) as compared to the vaginal (2.6±1.7) or oral route (3.3±1.7). Loose motions and nausea/vomiting were more with the S/L and oral routes while blood loss was more in the vaginal route. Conclusion: Administration of misoprostol by the sublingual route is better than the oral and vaginal routes for cervical ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta Parveen
- Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Srinagar (Kashmir), Jammu & Kashmir, India
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Datta SS, Kuppuraman D, Boratne AV, Abraham SB, Singh Z. Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding swine flu among para-medical workers in a tertiary care hospital in Pondicherry. J Commun Dis 2011; 43:1-9. [PMID: 23785876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Para-medical workers (PMWs) are first contacts for suspected Swine flu patients and also the media to spread key messages regarding its prevention and control strategies. Present study was conducted to ascertain knowledge, attitude and practices regarding Swine flu among para-medical workers in a tertiary care hospital. A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among PMWs during May-July, 2010. KAP regarding Swine flu was collected through pre-designed questionnaire and information on attitude towards Swine flu was also collected through FGD-free list analysis. Data was analysed using Epi_Info and Anthropac software. A total of 237 PMWs responded. Majority of the PMWs knew about signs and symptoms (89.03%), mode of transmission (91.56%) and route of transmission (91.98%) of Swine flu. Television (67.51%) was the major source of information. 75.53% and 58.65% PMWs respectively knew about organ of the body chiefly affected and type of specimen to be collected during Swine flu. 196 (82.7%) and 191 (80.59%) PMWs respectively knew about availability of vaccine and treatment against Swine flu. 94.09% PMWs stated that extra precautions such as use of face mask, frequent handwashing, use of gloves etc. should be taken while handling any suspected Swine flu case and 73.84% PMWs do take such precautions. 80.17% PMWs opined that epidemic of Swine flu can be halted at current stage. In the present study, PMWs possessed good knowledge, attitude and practices regarding Swine flu and this fact should be utilized while designing and guiding containment strategies against existing Swine flu epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Datta
- Department of Community Medicine, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India-605014.
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Khan AS, Ahmed MJ, Singh Z. Increased ethylene biosynthesis elevates incidence of chilling injury in cold-stored ‘Amber Jewel’ Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) during fruit ripening. Int J Food Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2010.02538.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Boratne AV, Jayanthi V, Datta SS, Singh Z, Senthilvel V, Joice YS. Predictors of knowledge of selected mosquito-borne diseases among adults of selected peri- urban areas of Puducherry. J Vector Borne Dis 2010; 47:249-256. [PMID: 21178219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A V Boratne
- Department of Community Medicine, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India.
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Wan Zaliha W, Singh Z. IMPACT OF REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION ON FRUIT QUALITY AND POSTHARVEST STORAGE PERFORMANCE OF 'CRIPPS PINK' APPLE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2010.877.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Veeraputhiran M, Singh Z, Barlogie B, Cottler-Fox M. Stromal elements and engraftment (ENG) in autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell transplant (autoHCT) for myeloma. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.8149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
To investigate the role of pre-harvest application of putrescine (PUT) in regulating fruit ripening and quality of early-, mid- and late-season maturing Japanese plum fruit, whole trees were sprayed with an aqueous solution containing PUT (0, 0.1, 1.0 and 2.0 mM) one week before anticipated commercial harvest for each cultivar separately. The PUT (2.0 mM) treatment reduced the respiration rate and ethylene production more than untreated fruit during fruit ripening at ambient temperature (20±1 °C). Activities of ACS and ACO enzymes, and ACC content were delayed and suppressed in all plum cultivars and these effects were more pronounced with higher PUT concentrations. PUT application reduced the fruit softening, soluble solids content, titratable acidity ratio, the levels of ascorbic acid, total carotenoids and total antioxidants in all plum cultivars. ‘Black Amber’ did not exhibit any change in fruit color parameters, while, PUT application to ‘Amber Jewel’ and ‘Angelino’ fruit, delayed the changes in chroma value and hue angle during fruit ripening. In conclusion, pre-harvest application of 2.0 mM PUT delayed the fruit ripening with reduced respiration rate, ethylene production, activities of ACS and ACO enzymes, ACC content, fruit softening, levels of ascorbic acid, total carotenoids and total antioxidants in Japanese plum.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.S. Khan
- Horticulture Research Laboratory, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987 Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Zora Singh
- Horticulture Research Laboratory, Department of Environment and Agriculture, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987 Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia,
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Veeraputhiran M, Singh Z, Barlogie B, Cottler-Fox M. Stromal Elements And Engraftment In Autologous Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell (HPC) Transplant For Myeloma. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.12.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Singh SP, Singh Z, Swinny EE. Sugars and organic acids in Japanese plums (Prunus salicinaLindell) as influenced by maturation, harvest date, storage temperature and period. Int J Food Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.02015.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Khan AS, Singh Z, Swinny EE. Postharvest application of 1-Methylcyclopropene modulates fruit ripening, storage life and quality of ‘Tegan Blue’ Japanese plum kept in ambient and cold storage. Int J Food Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.01957.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ahmed MJ, Singh Z, Khan AS. PostharvestAloe veragel-coating modulates fruit ripening and quality of ‘Arctic Snow’ nectarine kept in ambient and cold storage. Int J Food Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2008.01873.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Khan AS, Singh Z. 1-MCP application suppresses ethylene biosynthesis and retards fruit softening during cold storage of 'Tegan Blue' Japanese plum. Plant Sci 2009; 176:539-44. [PMID: 26493144 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2009.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2008] [Revised: 01/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Plum is a highly perishable fruit and postharvest fruit softening limits its cold storage life. To investigate the role of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) in ethylene biosynthesis and fruit softening during cold storage, Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl. cv. Tegan Blue) as harvested at commercial fruit maturity and exposed to 1-MCP (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0μLL(-1)) at 20±1°C for 24h. Following 1-MCP treatments, fruit were stored at 0±1°C and 90±5% RH for 0, 3 and 6 weeks. 1-MCP treatments significantly reduced endogenous ethylene production in plum fruit after 3 and 6 weeks of cold storage when compared to untreated fruit. Fruit treated with 1-MCP (1.0 and 2.0μLL(-1)) were more firm (31% and 33.5% respectively) when compared untreated fruit. Activities of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO) enzymes during cold storage also decreased in 1-MCP-treated fruit skin and pulp tissues and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content was not detected in the skin and pulp tissues of fruit treated with 1.0 and 2.0μLL(-1) 1-MCP. Activities of exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PG) and endo-polygalacturonase (endo-PG) enzymes in the fruit skin tissues were not affected by 1-MCP whereas activities of exo-PG and endo-PG enzymes in fruit pulp tissues, and activities of pectin esterase (PE) and endo-1,4-β-d-glucanase (EGase) enzymes in both fruit skin and pulp tissues were significantly reduced during cold storage. Activities of ethylene biosynthesis and fruit softening enzymes were concentration dependent, and both were reduced with increased concentrations of 1-MCP. In conclusion, 1-MCP application extends cold storage life of 'Tegan Blue' plum by suppressing ethylene biosynthesis and reducing fruit softening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad S Khan
- Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Zora Singh
- Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987, Perth 6845, Western Australia, Australia.
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Dang KTH, Singh Z, Swinny EE. Impact of postharvest disease control methods and cold storage on volatiles, color development and fruit quality in ripe 'kensington pride' mangoes. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:10667-10674. [PMID: 18954074 DOI: 10.1021/jf801270a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Postharvest diseases of mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.) cause economic losses during storage and can be controlled by chemical, physical, or biological methods. This study investigated the effects of different physical and/or chemical disease control methods on production of volatiles, color development and other quality parameters in ripe 'Kensington Pride' mango fruit. Hard mature green mango fruit were harvested from an orchard located at Carnavon, Western Australia. The fruit were heat-conditioned (8 h at 40 +/- 0.5 degrees C and 83.5 +/- 0.5% RH), dipped in hot water (52 degrees C/10 min), dipped in prochloraz (Sportak 0.55 mL x L(-1)/5 min), dipped in hot prochloraz (Sportak 0.55 mL x L(-1) at 52 degrees C/5 min), dipped in carbendazim (Spin Flo 2 mL x L(-1)/5 min), and dipped in hot carbendazim (Spin Flo 2 mL x L(-1) at 52 degrees C/5 min). Nontreated fruit served as control. Following the treatments, the fruit were air-dried and kept in cold storage (13 +/- 0.5 degrees C) for three weeks before being ripened at 21 +/- 1 degrees C. The ripe pulp of the fruit that was treated with hot prochloraz or carbendazim at ambient and high temperatures showed enhanced concentrations of volatiles, while heat conditioning and hot water dipping did not significantly affect the volatile development. Ripening time, and color development were measured daily while disease incidence and severity, weight loss, firmness, and concentrations of soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, and volatiles were determined at the eating soft ripe stage. Hot water dipping or fungicide treatments (at ambient or at a high temperature) reduced postharvest diseases incidence and severity. Fruit quality (soluble solids concentration, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and total caretonoids) was not substantially affected by any of the treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuyen T H Dang
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Horticulture Research Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Environment, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Dang KTH, Singh Z, Swinny EE. Edible coatings influence fruit ripening, quality, and aroma biosynthesis in mango fruit. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:1361-1370. [PMID: 18247535 DOI: 10.1021/jf072208a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The effects of different edible coatings on mango fruit ripening and ripe fruit quality parameters including color, firmness, soluble solids concentrations, total acidity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, fatty acids, and aroma volatiles were investigated. Hard mature green mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Kensigton Pride) fruits were coated with aqueous mango carnauba (1:1 v/v), Semperfresh (0.6%), Aloe vera gel (1:1, v/v), or A. vera gel (100%). Untreated fruit served as the control. Following the coating, fruits were allowed to dry at room temperature and packed in soft-board trays to ripen at 21+/-1 degrees C and 55.2+/-11.1% relative humidity until the eating soft stage. Mango carnauba was effective in retarding fruit ripening, retaining fruit firmness, and improving fruit quality attributes including levels of fatty acids and aroma volatiles. Semperfresh and A. vera gel (1:1 or 100%) slightly delayed fruit ripening but reduced fruit aroma volatile development. A. vera gel coating did not exceed the commercial mango carnauba and Semperfresh in retarding fruit ripening and improving aroma volatile biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuyen T H Dang
- Curtin Horticulture Research Laboratory, Muresk Institute, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Rakshit S, Parida S, Dash S, Singh Z, Sen B, Venugopal V. Thermodynamic studies on SrFe12O19(s), SrFe2O4(s), Sr2Fe2O5(s) and Sr3Fe2O6(s). J SOLID STATE CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2006.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Singh Z, Banerjee A. HIV Prevention in the Armed Forces: Perceptions and Attitudes of Regimental Officers. Med J Armed Forces India 2006; 62:335-8. [DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(06)80101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2004] [Accepted: 03/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Verma
- Director AFMS (H),O/o DGAFMS,'M' Block, New Delhi
| | - Z Singh
- Commandant, Military Hospital, Jallandhar Cantt
| | - M S Bishnoi
- Assoc Professor (Department of Community Medicine,), AFMC, Pune-40
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Lalel H, Singh Z, Tan S. ELEVATED LEVELS OF CO2 IN CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE AFFECTS SHELF LIFE, FRUIT QUALITY AND AROMA VOLATILES OF MANGO. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2003.628.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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