1
|
Tarrano C, Galléa C, Delorme C, McGovern EM, Atkinson-Clement C, Barnham IJ, Brochard V, Thobois S, Tranchant C, Grabli D, Degos B, Corvol JC, Pedespan JM, Krystkowiak P, Houeto JL, Degardin A, Defebvre L, Valabrègue R, Beranger B, Apartis E, Vidailhet M, Roze E, Worbe Y. Association of abnormal explicit sense of agency with cerebellar impairment in myoclonus-dystonia. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae105. [PMID: 38601915 PMCID: PMC11004927 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-motor aspects in dystonia are now well recognized. The sense of agency, which refers to the experience of controlling one's own actions, has been scarcely studied in dystonia, even though its disturbances can contribute to movement disorders. Among various brain structures, the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum, and the basal ganglia are involved in shaping the sense of agency. In myoclonus dystonia, resulting from a dysfunction of the motor network, an altered sense of agency may contribute to the clinical phenotype of the condition. In this study, we compared the explicit and implicit sense of agency in patients with myoclonus dystonia caused by a pathogenic variant of SGCE (DYT-SGCE) and control participants. We utilized behavioural tasks to assess the sense of agency and performed neuroimaging analyses, including structural, resting-state functional connectivity, and dynamic causal modelling, to explore the relevant brain regions involved in the sense of agency. Additionally, we examined the relationship between behavioural performance, symptom severity, and neuroimaging findings. We compared 19 patients with DYT-SGCE and 24 healthy volunteers. Our findings revealed that patients with myoclonus-dystonia exhibited a specific impairment in explicit sense of agency, particularly when implicit motor learning was involved. However, their implicit sense of agency remained intact. These patients also displayed grey-matter abnormalities in the motor cerebellum, as well as increased functional connectivity between the cerebellum and pre-supplementary motor area. Dynamic causal modelling analysis further identified reduced inhibitory effects of the cerebellum on the pre-supplementary motor area, decreased excitatory effects of the pre-supplementary motor area on the cerebellum, and increased self-inhibition within the pre-supplementary motor area. Importantly, both cerebellar grey-matter alterations and functional connectivity abnormalities between the cerebellum and pre-supplementary motor area were found to correlate with explicit sense of agency impairment. Increased self-inhibition within the pre-supplementary motor area was associated with less severe myoclonus symptoms. These findings highlight the disruption of higher-level cognitive processes in patients with myoclonus-dystonia, further expanding the spectrum of neurological and psychiatric dysfunction already identified in this disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clément Tarrano
- CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm U1127, Paris 75013, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Clinical Investigation Center for Neurosciences, Paris 75013, France
| | - Cécile Galléa
- CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm U1127, Paris 75013, France
- Department of Research Neuroimaging, Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche (CENIR), Sorbonne Université, Paris 75013, France
| | - Cécile Delorme
- CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm U1127, Paris 75013, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Clinical Investigation Center for Neurosciences, Paris 75013, France
| | - Eavan M McGovern
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, D09 VY21, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Cyril Atkinson-Clement
- CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm U1127, Paris 75013, France
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | - Vanessa Brochard
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Clinical Investigation Center for Neurosciences, Paris 75013, France
| | - Stéphane Thobois
- Department of Neurology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69000, France
| | - Christine Tranchant
- Département de Neurologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg 67098, France
- INSERM-U964/CNRS-UMR7104, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch 67404, France
- Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - David Grabli
- CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm U1127, Paris 75013, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Clinical Investigation Center for Neurosciences, Paris 75013, France
| | - Bertrand Degos
- Department of Neurology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Avicenne Hospital, Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny 93000, France
| | - Jean Christophe Corvol
- CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm U1127, Paris 75013, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Clinical Investigation Center for Neurosciences, Paris 75013, France
| | - Jean-Michel Pedespan
- Department of Neuropediatry, Universitary Hospital of Pellegrin, Bordeaux 33076, France
| | - Pierre Krystkowiak
- Department of Neurology, Abu Dhabi Stem Cells Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jean-Luc Houeto
- Department of Neurology CHU Limoges, Inserm U1094, IRD U270, Univ. Limoges, EpiMaCT—Epidemiology of chronic diseases in tropical zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, OmegaHealth, Limoges 87000, France
| | - Adrian Degardin
- Department of Neurology, Tourcoing Hospital, Tourcoing 59599, France
| | - Luc Defebvre
- Department of Neurology, University of Lille, Lille 59000, France
- Department of Neurology, Lille Centre of Excellence for Neurodegenerative Diseases » (LiCEND), Lille F-59000, France
| | - Romain Valabrègue
- CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm U1127, Paris 75013, France
- Department of Research Neuroimaging, Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche (CENIR), Sorbonne Université, Paris 75013, France
| | - Benoit Beranger
- CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm U1127, Paris 75013, France
- Department of Research Neuroimaging, Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche (CENIR), Sorbonne Université, Paris 75013, France
| | - Emmanuelle Apartis
- CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm U1127, Paris 75013, France
- Department of Neurophysiology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris 75012, France
| | - Marie Vidailhet
- CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm U1127, Paris 75013, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Clinical Investigation Center for Neurosciences, Paris 75013, France
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm U1127, Paris 75013, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Clinical Investigation Center for Neurosciences, Paris 75013, France
| | - Yulia Worbe
- CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute—Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Inserm U1127, Paris 75013, France
- Department of Neurophysiology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris 75012, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Popek L, Cihan M, Blanchard N, Bizet V. Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of 2-SF 5 -Indenols and Further Derivatizations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315909. [PMID: 38116823 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed synthesis of 2-SF5 -indenols has been developed by reacting commercially available boronic acid derivatives and readily accessible SF5 -alkynes. The present methodology is fully regioselective thanks to the intrinsic polarization of SF5 -alkynes. A selection of downstream functionalizations has been performed to highlight the versatility of 2-SF5 -indenols and indenones as platforms for the design of more complex SF5 -containing molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Popek
- Université de Haute-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, 68000, Mulhouse, France
| | - Murat Cihan
- Université de Haute-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, 68000, Mulhouse, France
| | - Nicolas Blanchard
- Université de Haute-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, 68000, Mulhouse, France
| | - Vincent Bizet
- Université de Haute-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, 68000, Mulhouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Affortit P, Ahmed MA, Grondin A, Delzon S, Carminati A, Laplaze L. Keep in touch: the soil-root hydraulic continuum and its role in drought resistance in crops. J Exp Bot 2024; 75:584-593. [PMID: 37549338 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a major threat to food security worldwide. Recently, the root-soil interface has emerged as a major site of hydraulic resistance during water stress. Here, we review the impact of soil drying on whole-plant hydraulics and discuss mechanisms by which plants can adapt by modifying the properties of the rhizosphere either directly or through interactions with the soil microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Affortit
- DIADE, IRD, CIRAD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mutez Ali Ahmed
- Root-Soil Interaction, School of Life Science, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | | | | | - Andrea Carminati
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Laplaze
- DIADE, IRD, CIRAD, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hudson C. Signals, grids, and geometry: In pursuit of understanding cell fate switches. Genesis 2023; 61:e23546. [PMID: 37715353 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clare Hudson
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-mer (LBDV), Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Villefranche-sur-mer, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Marc A, Marlin R, Donati F, Prague M, Kerioui M, Hérate C, Alexandre M, Dereuddre-bosquet N, Bertrand J, Contreras V, Behillil S, Maisonnasse P, Van Der Werf S, Le Grand R, Guedj J. Impact of variants of concern on SARS-CoV-2 viral dynamics in non-human primates. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1010721. [PMID: 37556476 PMCID: PMC10441782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of variants of concern (VoC) on SARS-CoV-2 viral dynamics remains poorly understood and essentially relies on observational studies subject to various sorts of biases. In contrast, experimental models of infection constitute a powerful model to perform controlled comparisons of the viral dynamics observed with VoC and better quantify how VoC escape from the immune response. Here we used molecular and infectious viral load of 78 cynomolgus macaques to characterize in detail the effects of VoC on viral dynamics. We first developed a mathematical model that recapitulate the observed dynamics, and we found that the best model describing the data assumed a rapid antigen-dependent stimulation of the immune response leading to a rapid reduction of viral infectivity. When compared with the historical variant, all VoC except beta were associated with an escape from this immune response, and this effect was particularly sensitive for delta and omicron variant (p<10-6 for both). Interestingly, delta variant was associated with a 1.8-fold increased viral production rate (p = 0.046), while conversely omicron variant was associated with a 14-fold reduction in viral production rate (p<10-6). During a natural infection, our models predict that delta variant is associated with a higher peak viral RNA than omicron variant (7.6 log10 copies/mL 95% CI 6.8-8 for delta; 5.6 log10 copies/mL 95% CI 4.8-6.3 for omicron) while having similar peak infectious titers (3.7 log10 PFU/mL 95% CI 2.4-4.6 for delta; 2.8 log10 PFU/mL 95% CI 1.9-3.8 for omicron). These results provide a detailed picture of the effects of VoC on total and infectious viral load and may help understand some differences observed in the patterns of viral transmission of these viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Romain Marlin
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - Flora Donati
- National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR3569, CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Prague
- Inria Bordeaux Sud-Ouest, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, SISTM Team, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France
| | | | - Cécile Hérate
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - Marie Alexandre
- Inria Bordeaux Sud-Ouest, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, SISTM Team, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | | | - Vanessa Contreras
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Behillil
- National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR3569, CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Maisonnasse
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Van Der Werf
- National Reference Center for Respiratory Viruses, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses Unit, Institut Pasteur, UMR3569, CNRS, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Roger Le Grand
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Fontenay-aux-Roses and Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salcedo A, Zengel D, Maurer F, Casapu M, Grunwaldt JD, Michel C, Loffreda D. Identifying the Structure of Supported Metal Catalysts Using Vibrational Fingerprints from Ab Initio Nanoscale Models. Small 2023; 19:e2300945. [PMID: 37093193 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Identifying active sites of supported noble metal nanocatalysts remains challenging, since their size and shape undergo changes depending on the support, temperature, and gas mixture composition. Herein, the anharmonic infrared spectrum of adsorbed CO is simulated using density functional theory (DFT) to gain insight into the nature of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) supported on ceria. The authors systematically determine how the simulated infrared spectra are affected by CO coverage, NP size (0.5-1.5 nm), NP morphology (octahedral, icosahedral), and metal-support contact angle, by exploring a diversity of realistic models inspired by ab initio molecular dynamics. The simulated spectra are then used as a spectroscopic fingerprint to characterize nanoparticles in a real catalyst, by comparison with in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) experiments. Truncated octahedral NPs with an acute Pd-ceria angle reproduce most of the measurements. In particular, the authors isolate features characteristic of CO adsorbed at the metal-support interface appearing at low frequencies, both seen in simulation and experiment. This work illustrates the strong need for realistic models to provide a robust description of the active sites, especially at the interface of supported metal nanocatalysts, which can be highly dynamic and evolve considerably during reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Salcedo
- ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR CNRS 5182, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Deniz Zengel
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 20, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Florian Maurer
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 20, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Maria Casapu
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 20, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 20, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Carine Michel
- ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR CNRS 5182, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - David Loffreda
- ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR CNRS 5182, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Q, Nemecz Á, Aymé G, Dejean de la Bâtie G, Prevost MS, Pons S, Barilone N, Baachaoui R, Maskos U, Lafaye P, Corringer PJ. Generation of nanobodies acting as silent and positive allosteric modulators of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:164. [PMID: 37231269 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04779-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), a potential drug target for treating cognitive disorders, mediates communication between neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Although many competitive antagonists, agonists, and partial-agonists have been found and synthesized, they have not led to effective therapeutic treatments. In this context, small molecules acting as positive allosteric modulators binding outside the orthosteric, acetylcholine, site have attracted considerable interest. Two single-domain antibody fragments, C4 and E3, against the extracellular domain of the human α7-nAChR were generated through alpaca immunization with cells expressing a human α7-nAChR/mouse 5-HT3A chimera, and are herein described. They bind to the α7-nAChR but not to the other major nAChR subtypes, α4β2 and α3β4. E3 acts as a slowly associating positive allosteric modulator, strongly potentiating the acetylcholine-elicited currents, while not precluding the desensitization of the receptor. An E3-E3 bivalent construct shows similar potentiating properties but displays very slow dissociation kinetics conferring quasi-irreversible properties. Whereas, C4 does not alter the receptor function, but fully inhibits the E3-evoked potentiation, showing it is a silent allosteric modulator competing with E3 binding. Both nanobodies do not compete with α-bungarotoxin, localizing at an allosteric extracellular binding site away from the orthosteric site. The functional differences of each nanobody, as well as the alteration of functional properties through nanobody modifications indicate the importance of this extracellular site. The nanobodies will be useful for pharmacological and structural investigations; moreover, they, along with the extracellular site, have a direct potential for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qimeng Li
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3571, Channel-Receptors Unit, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3528, Antibody Engineering Platform, Paris, France
- Lanzhou Institute of Biological Product Co., Lanzhou, China
- Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Ákos Nemecz
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3571, Channel-Receptors Unit, Paris, France.
| | - Gabriel Aymé
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3528, Antibody Engineering Platform, Paris, France.
| | | | - Marie S Prevost
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3571, Channel-Receptors Unit, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Pons
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3571, Integrative Neurobiology of Cholinergic Systems Unit, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Barilone
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3571, Channel-Receptors Unit, Paris, France
| | - Rayen Baachaoui
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3571, Channel-Receptors Unit, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3528, Antibody Engineering Platform, Paris, France
| | - Uwe Maskos
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3571, Integrative Neurobiology of Cholinergic Systems Unit, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Lafaye
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3528, Antibody Engineering Platform, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Jean Corringer
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 3571, Channel-Receptors Unit, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Roure A, Chowdhury R, Darras S. Regulation of anterior neurectoderm specification and differentiation by BMP signaling in ascidians. Development 2023; 150:310519. [PMID: 37158670 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The most anterior structure of the ascidian larva is made of three palps with sensory and adhesive functions essential for metamorphosis. They derive from the anterior neural border and their formation is regulated by FGF and Wnt. Since they also share gene expression profiles with vertebrate anterior neural tissue and cranial placodes, their study should shed light on the emergence of the unique vertebrate telencephalon. We show that BMP signaling regulates two phases of palp formation in Ciona intestinalis. During gastrulation, the anterior neural border is specified in a domain of inactive BMP signaling, and activating BMP prevented its formation. During neurulation, BMP defines ventral palp identity and indirectly specifies the inter-papilla territory separating the ventral and dorsal palps. Finally, we showed that BMP has similar functions in the ascidian Phallusia mammillata for which we identified novel palp markers. Collectively, we provide a better molecular description of palp formation in ascidians that will be instrumental for comparative studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Roure
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), F-66650, Banyuls/Mer, France
| | - Rafath Chowdhury
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), F-66650, Banyuls/Mer, France
| | - Sébastien Darras
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), F-66650, Banyuls/Mer, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Van Wassenbergh S, Sanderson SL. Hydrodynamic analysis of bioinspired vortical cross-step filtration by computational modelling. R Soc Open Sci 2023; 10:230315. [PMID: 37181797 PMCID: PMC10170350 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Research on the suspension-feeding apparatus of fishes has led recently to the identification of novel filtration mechanisms involving vortices. Structures inside fish mouths form a series of 'backward-facing steps' by protruding medially into the mouth cavity. In paddlefish and basking shark mouths, porous gill rakers lie inside 'slots' between the protruding branchial arches. Vortical flows inside the slots of physical models have been shown to be important for the filtration process, but the complex flow patterns have not been visualised fully. Here we resolve the three-dimensional hydrodynamics by computational fluid dynamics simulation of a simplified mouth cavity including realistic flow dynamics at the porous layer. We developed and validated a modelling protocol in ANSYS Fluent software that combines a porous media model and permeability direction vector mapping. We found that vortex shape and confinement to the medial side of the gill rakers result from flow resistance by the porous gill raker surfaces. Anteriorly directed vortical flow shears the porous layer in the centre of slots. Flow patterns also indicate that slot entrances should remain unblocked, except for the posterior-most slot. This new modelling approach will enable future design exploration of fish-inspired filters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Van Wassenbergh
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - S. L. Sanderson
- Department of Biology, William & Mary, 540 Landrum Drive, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mata-Garrido J, Frizzi L, Nguyen T, He X, Chang-Marchand Y, Xiang Y, Reisacher C, Casafont I, Arbibe L. HP1γ Prevents Activation of the cGAS/STING Pathway by Preserving Nuclear Envelope and Genomic Integrity in Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087347. [PMID: 37108510 PMCID: PMC10138453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory processes in the intestine result in serious conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and cancer. An increased detection of cytoplasmic DNA sensors has been reported in the IBD colon mucosa, suggesting their contribution in mucosal inflammation. Yet, the mechanisms altering DNA homeostasis and triggering the activation of DNA sensors remain poorly understood. In this study, we show that the epigenetic regulator HP1γ plays a role in preserving nuclear envelope and genomic integrity in enterocytic cells, thereby protecting against the presence of cytoplasmic DNA. Accordingly, HP1 loss of function led to the increased detection of cGAS/STING, a cytoplasmic DNA sensor that triggers inflammation. Thus, in addition to its role as a transcriptional silencer, HP1γ may also exert anti-inflammatory properties by preventing the activation of the endogenous cytoplasmic DNA response in the gut epithelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Mata-Garrido
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Laura Frizzi
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Thien Nguyen
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Xiangyan He
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yunhua Chang-Marchand
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yao Xiang
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Caroline Reisacher
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Iñigo Casafont
- The Nanomedicine Group, Institute Valdecilla-IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Anatomy & Cell Biology Department, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Laurence Arbibe
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Valzolgher C, Alzaher M, Gaveau V, Coudert A, Marx M, Truy E, Barone P, Farnè A, Pavani F. Capturing Visual Attention With Perturbed Auditory Spatial Cues. Trends Hear 2023; 27:23312165231182289. [PMID: 37611181 PMCID: PMC10467228 DOI: 10.1177/23312165231182289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lateralized sounds can orient visual attention, with benefits for audio-visual processing. Here, we asked to what extent perturbed auditory spatial cues-resulting from cochlear implants (CI) or unilateral hearing loss (uHL)-allow this automatic mechanism of information selection from the audio-visual environment. We used a classic paradigm from experimental psychology (capture of visual attention with sounds) to probe the integrity of audio-visual attentional orienting in 60 adults with hearing loss: bilateral CI users (N = 20), unilateral CI users (N = 20), and individuals with uHL (N = 20). For comparison, we also included a group of normal-hearing (NH, N = 20) participants, tested in binaural and monaural listening conditions (i.e., with one ear plugged). All participants also completed a sound localization task to assess spatial hearing skills. Comparable audio-visual orienting was observed in bilateral CI, uHL, and binaural NH participants. By contrast, audio-visual orienting was, on average, absent in unilateral CI users and reduced in NH listening with one ear plugged. Spatial hearing skills were better in bilateral CI, uHL, and binaural NH participants than in unilateral CI users and monaurally plugged NH listeners. In unilateral CI users, spatial hearing skills correlated with audio-visual-orienting abilities. These novel results show that audio-visual-attention orienting can be preserved in bilateral CI users and in uHL patients to a greater extent than unilateral CI users. This highlights the importance of assessing the impact of hearing loss beyond auditory difficulties alone: to capture to what extent it may enable or impede typical interactions with the multisensory environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Valzolgher
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
- Integrative, Multisensory, Perception, Action and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France
| | - Mariam Alzaher
- Centre de Recherche Cerveau & Cognition, Toulouse, France
- Hospices Civils, Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Gaveau
- Integrative, Multisensory, Perception, Action and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France
| | | | - Mathieu Marx
- Centre de Recherche Cerveau & Cognition, Toulouse, France
- Hospices Civils, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Truy
- Integrative, Multisensory, Perception, Action and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pascal Barone
- Centre de Recherche Cerveau & Cognition, Toulouse, France
| | - Alessandro Farnè
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
- Integrative, Multisensory, Perception, Action and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France
- Neuro-immersion, Lyon, France
| | - Francesco Pavani
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
- Integrative, Multisensory, Perception, Action and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France
- Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca « Cognizione, Linguaggio e Sordità », Rovereto, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dieriks BV, Highet B, Alik A, Bellande T, Stevenson TJ, Low V, Park TIH, Correia J, Schweder P, Faull RLM, Melki R, Curtis MA, Dragunow M. Human pericytes degrade diverse α-synuclein aggregates. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277658. [PMID: 36399706 PMCID: PMC9674377 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates. Central to disease progression is the gradual spread of pathological α-syn. α-syn aggregation is closely linked to progressive neuron loss. As such, clearance of α-syn aggregates may slow the progression of PD and lead to less severe symptoms. Evidence is increasing that non-neuronal cells play a role in PD and other synucleinopathies such as Lewy body dementia and multiple system atrophy. Our previous work has shown that pericytes-vascular mural cells that regulate the blood-brain barrier-contain α-syn aggregates in human PD brains. Here, we demonstrate that pericytes efficiently internalise fibrillar α-syn irrespective of being in a monoculture or mixed neuronal cell culture. Pericytes cleave fibrillar α-syn aggregates (Fibrils, Ribbons, fibrils65, fibrils91 and fibrils110), with cleaved α-syn remaining present for up to 21 days. The number of α-syn aggregates/cell and average aggregate size depends on the type of strain, but differences disappear within 5 five hours of treatment. Our results highlight the role brain vasculature may play in reducing α-syn aggregate burden in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Birger Victor Dieriks
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- * E-mail: (BVD); (MD)
| | - Blake Highet
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ania Alik
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Francois Jacob Institute, Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Center for Scientific Research, Fontenay‐ Aux‐Roses, France
| | - Tracy Bellande
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Francois Jacob Institute, Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Center for Scientific Research, Fontenay‐ Aux‐Roses, France
| | - Taylor J. Stevenson
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Victoria Low
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Thomas I-H Park
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jason Correia
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Patrick Schweder
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard L. M. Faull
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ronald Melki
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Francois Jacob Institute, Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, and Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Center for Scientific Research, Fontenay‐ Aux‐Roses, France
| | - Maurice A. Curtis
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mike Dragunow
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- * E-mail: (BVD); (MD)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xi N, Chen D, Bahn M, Wu H, Chu C, Cadotte MW, Bloor JMG. Drought soil legacy alters drivers of plant diversity-productivity relationships in oldfield systems. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabn3368. [PMID: 35507655 PMCID: PMC9067920 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn3368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ecosystem functions are threatened by both recurrent droughts and declines in biodiversity at a global scale, but the drought dependency of diversity-productivity relationships remains poorly understood. Here, we use a two-phase mesocosm experiment with simulated drought and model oldfield communities (360 experimental mesocosms/plant communities) to examine drought-induced changes in soil microbial communities along a plant species richness gradient and to assess interactions between past drought (soil legacies) and subsequent drought on plant diversity-productivity relationships. We show that (i) drought decreases bacterial and fungal richness and modifies relationships between plant species richness and microbial groups; (ii) drought soil legacy increases net biodiversity effects, but responses of net biodiversity effects to plant species richness are unaffected; and (iii) linkages between plant species richness and complementarity/selection effects vary depending on past and subsequent drought. These results provide mechanistic insight into biodiversity-productivity relationships in a changing environment, with implications for the stability of ecosystem function under climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nianxun Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences/School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Dongxia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences/School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Michael Bahn
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hangyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences/School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chengjin Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences/School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Marc W. Cadotte
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto-Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Juliette M. G. Bloor
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro-Sup, UREP, 5 Chemin de Beaulieu, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abdellatif M, Bugger H, Kroemer G, Sedej S. NAD + and Vascular Dysfunction: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities. J Lipid Atheroscler 2022; 11:111-132. [PMID: 35656147 PMCID: PMC9133775 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2022.11.2.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential and pleiotropic coenzyme involved not only in cellular energy metabolism, but also in cell signaling, epigenetic regulation, and post-translational protein modifications. Vascular disease risk factors are associated with aberrant NAD+ metabolism. Conversely, the therapeutic increase of NAD+ levels through the administration of NAD+ precursors or inhibitors of NAD+-consuming enzymes reduces chronic low-grade inflammation, reactivates autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, and enhances oxidative metabolism in vascular cells of humans and rodents with vascular pathologies. As such, NAD+ has emerged as a potential target for combatting age-related cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders. This review discusses NAD+-regulated mechanisms critical for vascular health and summarizes new advances in NAD+ research directly related to vascular aging and disease, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and aortic aneurysms. Finally, we enumerate challenges and opportunities for NAD+ repletion therapy while anticipating the future of this exciting research field, which will have a major impact on vascular medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdellatif
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Heiko Bugger
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Simon Sedej
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu S, Magne K, Daniel S, Sibout R, Ratet P. Brachypodium distachyon UNICULME4 and LAXATUM-A are redundantly required for development. Plant Physiol 2022; 188:363-381. [PMID: 34662405 PMCID: PMC8774750 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In cultivated grasses, tillering, leaf, and inflorescence architecture, as well as abscission ability, are major agronomical traits. In barley (Hordeum vulgare), maize (Zea mays), rice (Oryza sativa), and brachypodium (Brachypodium distachyon), NOOT-BOP-COCH-LIKE (NBCL) genes are essential regulators of vegetative and reproductive development. Grass species usually possess 2-4 NBCL copies and until now a single study in O. sativa showed that the disruption of all NBCL genes strongly altered O. sativa leaf development. To improve our understanding of the role of NBCL genes in grasses, we extended the study of the two NBCL paralogs BdUNICULME4 (CUL4) and BdLAXATUM-A (LAXA) in the nondomesticated grass B. distachyon. For this, we applied reversed genetics and generated original B. distachyon single and double nbcl mutants by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats - CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) approaches and genetic crossing between nbcl targeting induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING) mutants. Through the study of original single laxa CRISPR-Cas9 null alleles, we validated functions previously proposed for LAXA in tillering, leaf patterning, inflorescence, and flower development and also unveiled roles for these genes in seed yield. Furthermore, the characterization of cul4laxa double mutants revealed essential functions for nbcl genes in B. distachyon development, especially in the regulation of tillering, stem cell elongation and secondary cell wall composition as well as for the transition toward the reproductive phase. Our results also highlight recurrent antagonist interactions between NBCLs occurring in multiple aspects of B. distachyon development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengbin Liu
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay 91405, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Kévin Magne
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay 91405, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Sylviane Daniel
- UR1268 BIA (Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages), INRAE, Nantes 44300, France
| | - Richard Sibout
- UR1268 BIA (Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages), INRAE, Nantes 44300, France
| | - Pascal Ratet
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, Université Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Orsay 91405, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Orsay 91405, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lousada E, Boudreau M, Cohen-Adad J, Nait Oumesmar B, Burguière E, Schreiweis C. Reduced Axon Calibre in the Associative Striatum of the Sapap3 Knockout Mouse. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1353. [PMID: 34679417 PMCID: PMC8570333 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11101353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological repetitive behaviours are a common feature of various neuropsychiatric disorders, including compulsions in obsessive-compulsive disorder or tics in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Clinical research suggests that compulsive-like symptoms are related to associative cortico-striatal dysfunctions, and tic-like symptoms to sensorimotor cortico-striatal dysfunctions. The Sapap3 knockout mouse (Sapap3-KO), the current reference model to study such repetitive behaviours, presents both associative as well as sensorimotor cortico-striatal dysfunctions. Previous findings point to deficits in both macro-, as well as micro-circuitry, both of which can be affected by neuronal structural changes. However, to date, structural connectivity has not been analysed. Hence, in the present study, we conducted a comprehensive structural characterisation of both associative and sensorimotor striatum as well as major cortical areas connecting onto these regions. Besides a thorough immunofluorescence study on oligodendrocytes, we applied AxonDeepSeg, an open source software, to automatically segment and characterise myelin thickness and axon area. We found that axon calibre, the main contributor to changes in conduction speed, is specifically reduced in the associative striatum of the Sapap3-KO mouse; myelination per se seems unaffected in associative and sensorimotor cortico-striatal circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Lousada
- Team ‘Neurophysiology of Repetitive Behaviours’ (NERB), Institut du Cerveau, Inserm U1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U7225, Sorbonne Universités, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; (E.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Mathieu Boudreau
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada;
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - Julien Cohen-Adad
- NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
- Functional Neuroimaging Unit, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
- Mila—Quebec AI Institute, Montréal, QC H2S 3H1, Canada
| | - Brahim Nait Oumesmar
- Team ‘Myelin Plasticity and Regeneration’, Institut du Cerveau, Inserm U1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U7225, Sorbonne Universités, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Eric Burguière
- Team ‘Neurophysiology of Repetitive Behaviours’ (NERB), Institut du Cerveau, Inserm U1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U7225, Sorbonne Universités, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; (E.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Christiane Schreiweis
- Team ‘Neurophysiology of Repetitive Behaviours’ (NERB), Institut du Cerveau, Inserm U1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U7225, Sorbonne Universités, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France; (E.L.); (E.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Paillet J, Plantureux C, Lévesque S, Le Naour J, Stoll G, Sauvat A, Caudana P, Tosello Boari J, Bloy N, Lachkar S, Martins I, Opolon P, Checcoli A, Delaune A, Robil N, de la Grange P, Hamroune J, Letourneur F, Autret G, Leung PS, Gershwin ME, Zhu JS, Kurth MJ, Lekbaby B, Augustin J, Kim Y, Gujar S, Coulouarn C, Fouassier L, Zitvogel L, Piaggio E, Housset C, Soussan P, Maiuri MC, Kroemer G, Pol JG. Autoimmunity affecting the biliary tract fuels the immunosurveillance of cholangiocarcinoma. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20200853. [PMID: 34495298 PMCID: PMC8429038 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20200853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) results from the malignant transformation of cholangiocytes. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are chronic diseases in which cholangiocytes are primarily damaged. Although PSC is an inflammatory condition predisposing to CCA, CCA is almost never found in the autoimmune context of PBC. Here, we hypothesized that PBC might favor CCA immunosurveillance. In preclinical murine models of cholangitis challenged with syngeneic CCA, PBC (but not PSC) reduced the frequency of CCA development and delayed tumor growth kinetics. This PBC-related effect appeared specific to CCA as it was not observed against other cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma. The protective effect of PBC was relying on type 1 and type 2 T cell responses and, to a lesser extent, on B cells. Single-cell TCR/RNA sequencing revealed the existence of TCR clonotypes shared between the liver and CCA tumor of a PBC host. Altogether, these results evidence a mechanistic overlapping between autoimmunity and cancer immunosurveillance in the biliary tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Paillet
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Céleste Plantureux
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sarah Lévesque
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Julie Le Naour
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Gautier Stoll
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Allan Sauvat
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Pamela Caudana
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U932, Paris, France
| | - Jimena Tosello Boari
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U932, Paris, France
| | - Norma Bloy
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Sylvie Lachkar
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Martins
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Andrea Checcoli
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres Research University, Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U900, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Juliette Hamroune
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Franck Letourneur
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Gwennhael Autret
- Université de Paris, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U970, Paris, France
| | - Patrick S.C. Leung
- Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA
| | - M. Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA
| | - Jie S. Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Mark J. Kurth
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Bouchra Lekbaby
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Augustin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Département de Pathologie, Paris, France
| | - Youra Kim
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Shashi Gujar
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Cédric Coulouarn
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Rennes 1, Chemistry, Oncogenesis Stress Signaling, UMR_S 1242, Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Laura Fouassier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1015, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Eliane Piaggio
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biothérapie 1428, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Housset
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Reference Center for Inflammatory Biliary Diseases and Autoimmune Hepatitis, Department of Hepatology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Soussan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan G. Pol
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schligler J, Cortese D, Beldade R, Swearer SE, Mills SC. Long-term exposure to artificial light at night in the wild decreases survival and growth of a coral reef fish. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210454. [PMID: 34102892 PMCID: PMC8187998 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial light at night (ALAN) is an increasing anthropogenic pollutant, closely associated with human population density, and now well recognized in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. However, we have a relatively poor understanding of the effects of ALAN in the marine realm. Here, we carried out a field experiment in the coral reef lagoon of Moorea, French Polynesia, to investigate the effects of long-term exposure (18-23 months) to chronic light pollution at night on the survival and growth of wild juvenile orange-fin anemonefish, Amphiprion chrysopterus. Long-term exposure to environmentally relevant underwater illuminance (mean: 4.3 lux), reduced survival (mean: 36%) and growth (mean: 44%) of juvenile anemonefish compared to that of juveniles exposed to natural moonlight underwater (mean: 0.03 lux). Our study carried out in an ecologically realistic situation in which the direct effects of artificial lighting on juvenile anemonefish are combined with the indirect consequences of artificial lighting on other species, such as their competitors, predators, and prey, revealed the negative impacts of ALAN on life-history traits. Not only are there immediate impacts of ALAN on mortality, but the decreased growth of surviving individuals may also have considerable fitness consequences later in life. Future studies examining the mechanisms behind these findings are vital to understand how organisms can cope and survive in nature under this globally increasing pollutant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jules Schligler
- USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, PSL Université Paris: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Daphne Cortese
- USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, PSL Université Paris: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Ricardo Beldade
- USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, PSL Université Paris: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
- Las Cruces, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Estación Costera de Investigaciones Marinas and Center for Advanced Studies in Ecology and Biodiversity, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Stephen E. Swearer
- National Centre for Coasts and Climate and School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Suzanne C. Mills
- USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, PSL Université Paris: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
- Laboratoire d'Excellence ‘CORAIL’, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Niborski LL, Paces-Fessy M, Ricci P, Bourgeois A, Magalhães P, Kuzma-Kuzniarska M, Lesaulnier C, Reczko M, Declercq E, Zürbig P, Doucet A, Umbhauer M, Cereghini S. Hnf1b haploinsufficiency differentially affects developmental target genes in a new renal cysts and diabetes mouse model. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm047498. [PMID: 33737325 PMCID: PMC8126479 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.047498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in HNF1B cause the complex syndrome renal cysts and diabetes (RCAD), characterized by developmental abnormalities of the kidneys, genital tracts and pancreas, and a variety of renal, pancreas and liver dysfunctions. The pathogenesis underlying this syndrome remains unclear as mice with heterozygous null mutations have no phenotype, while constitutive/conditional Hnf1b ablation leads to more severe phenotypes. We generated a novel mouse model carrying an identified human mutation at the intron-2 splice donor site. Unlike heterozygous mice previously characterized, mice heterozygous for the splicing mutation exhibited decreased HNF1B protein levels and bilateral renal cysts from embryonic day 15, originated from glomeruli, early proximal tubules (PTs) and intermediate nephron segments, concurrently with delayed PT differentiation, hydronephrosis and rare genital tract anomalies. Consistently, mRNA sequencing showed that most downregulated genes in embryonic kidneys were primarily expressed in early PTs and the loop of Henle and involved in ion/drug transport, organic acid and lipid metabolic processes, while the expression of previously identified targets upon Hnf1b ablation, including cystic disease genes, was weakly or not affected. Postnatal analyses revealed renal abnormalities, ranging from glomerular cysts to hydronephrosis and, rarely, multicystic dysplasia. Urinary proteomics uncovered a particular profile predictive of progressive decline in kidney function and fibrosis, and displayed common features with a recently reported urine proteome in an RCAD pediatric cohort. Altogether, our results show that reduced HNF1B levels lead to developmental disease phenotypes associated with the deregulation of a subset of HNF1B targets. They further suggest that this model represents a unique clinical/pathological viable model of the RCAD disease.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Cell Polarity
- Central Nervous System Diseases/genetics
- Central Nervous System Diseases/pathology
- Cilia/pathology
- Dental Enamel/abnormalities
- Dental Enamel/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Embryo, Mammalian/pathology
- Gene Dosage
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Genes, Developmental
- Haploinsufficiency/genetics
- Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta/genetics
- Heterozygote
- Humans
- Hydronephrosis/complications
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/genetics
- Kidney Diseases, Cystic/pathology
- Kidney Glomerulus/pathology
- Kidney Tubules/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mutation/genetics
- Nephrons/pathology
- RNA Splicing/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Severity of Illness Index
- Mice
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leticia L. Niborski
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, IBPS, UMR7622, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Paces-Fessy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, IBPS, UMR7622, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Pierbruno Ricci
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, IBPS, UMR7622, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Adeline Bourgeois
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, IBPS, UMR7622, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Pedro Magalhães
- Mosaiques Diagnostics, 30659 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Kuzma-Kuzniarska
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, IBPS, UMR7622, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Celine Lesaulnier
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, IBPS, UMR7622, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Martin Reczko
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Science, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Edwige Declercq
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, IBPS, UMR7622, F-75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Alain Doucet
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Descartes, UMRS 1138, CNRS, ERL 8228, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Muriel Umbhauer
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, IBPS, UMR7622, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Silvia Cereghini
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement, IBPS, UMR7622, F-75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Raffard A, Cucherousset J, Montoya JM, Richard M, Acoca-Pidolle S, Poésy C, Garreau A, Santoul F, Blanchet S. Intraspecific diversity loss in a predator species alters prey community structure and ecosystem functions. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001145. [PMID: 33705375 PMCID: PMC7987174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss in intraspecific diversity can alter ecosystem functions, but the underlying mechanisms are still elusive, and intraspecific biodiversity-ecosystem function (iBEF) relationships have been restrained to primary producers. Here, we manipulated genetic and functional richness of a fish consumer (Phoxinus phoxinus) to test whether iBEF relationships exist in consumer species and whether they are more likely sustained by genetic or functional richness. We found that both genotypic and functional richness affected ecosystem functioning, either independently or interactively. Loss in genotypic richness reduced benthic invertebrate diversity consistently across functional richness treatments, whereas it reduced zooplankton diversity only when functional richness was high. Finally, losses in genotypic and functional richness altered functions (decomposition) through trophic cascades. We concluded that iBEF relationships lead to substantial top-down effects on entire food chains. The loss of genotypic richness impacted ecological properties as much as the loss of functional richness, probably because it sustains "cryptic" functional diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allan Raffard
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis, UMR-5321, Moulis, France
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Cucherousset
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, UMR-5174 EDB (Laboratoire Evolution & Diversité Biologique), Toulouse, France
| | - José M. Montoya
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis, UMR-5321, Moulis, France
| | - Murielle Richard
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis, UMR-5321, Moulis, France
| | - Samson Acoca-Pidolle
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis, UMR-5321, Moulis, France
| | - Camille Poésy
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis, UMR-5321, Moulis, France
| | - Alexandre Garreau
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis, UMR-5321, Moulis, France
| | - Frédéric Santoul
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Simon Blanchet
- CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Station d’Écologie Théorique et Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis, UMR-5321, Moulis, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Courtier G, Lapray PJ, Thomas JB, Farup I. Correlations in Joint Spectral and Polarization Imaging. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 21:E6. [PMID: 33375036 PMCID: PMC7792769 DOI: 10.3390/s21010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent imaging techniques enable the joint capture of spectral and polarization image data. In order to permit the design of computational imaging techniques and future processing of this information, it is interesting to describe the related image statistics. In particular, in this article, we present observations for different correlations between spectropolarimetric channels. The analysis is performed on several publicly available databases that are unified for joint processing. We perform global investigation and analysis on several specific clusters of materials or reflection types. We observe that polarization channels generally have more inter-channel correlation than the spectral channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Courtier
- Institut de Recherche en Informatique, Mathématiques, Automatique et Signal, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France;
| | - Pierre-Jean Lapray
- Institut de Recherche en Informatique, Mathématiques, Automatique et Signal, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, France;
| | - Jean-Baptiste Thomas
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2806 Gjøvik, Norway; (J.-B.T.); (I.F.)
| | - Ivar Farup
- Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2806 Gjøvik, Norway; (J.-B.T.); (I.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Giroud J, Trébuchon A, Schön D, Marquis P, Liegeois-Chauvel C, Poeppel D, Morillon B. Asymmetric sampling in human auditory cortex reveals spectral processing hierarchy. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000207. [PMID: 32119667 PMCID: PMC7067489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Speech perception is mediated by both left and right auditory cortices but with differential sensitivity to specific acoustic information contained in the speech signal. A detailed description of this functional asymmetry is missing, and the underlying models are widely debated. We analyzed cortical responses from 96 epilepsy patients with electrode implantation in left or right primary, secondary, and/or association auditory cortex (AAC). We presented short acoustic transients to noninvasively estimate the dynamical properties of multiple functional regions along the auditory cortical hierarchy. We show remarkably similar bimodal spectral response profiles in left and right primary and secondary regions, with evoked activity composed of dynamics in the theta (around 4–8 Hz) and beta–gamma (around 15–40 Hz) ranges. Beyond these first cortical levels of auditory processing, a hemispheric asymmetry emerged, with delta and beta band (3/15 Hz) responsivity prevailing in the right hemisphere and theta and gamma band (6/40 Hz) activity prevailing in the left. This asymmetry is also present during syllables presentation, but the evoked responses in AAC are more heterogeneous, with the co-occurrence of alpha (around 10 Hz) and gamma (>25 Hz) activity bilaterally. These intracranial data provide a more fine-grained and nuanced characterization of cortical auditory processing in the 2 hemispheres, shedding light on the neural dynamics that potentially shape auditory and speech processing at different levels of the cortical hierarchy. Capitalizing on intracranial data from 96 epileptic patients, this study precisely estimates the processing timescales along the cortical auditory hierarchy and reveals that an asymmetric sampling emerges in associative areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Giroud
- Aix Marseille University, Inserm, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Agnès Trébuchon
- Aix Marseille University, Inserm, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service de Neurophysiologie Clinique, Marseille, France
| | - Daniele Schön
- Aix Marseille University, Inserm, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Marquis
- Aix Marseille University, Inserm, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Liegeois-Chauvel
- Aix Marseille University, Inserm, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
- Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, Epilepsy Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - David Poeppel
- Department of Neuroscience, Max-Planck-Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Morillon
- Aix Marseille University, Inserm, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lather J, Bhatt P, Thomas A, Ebbesen TW, George J. Cavity Catalysis by Cooperative Vibrational Strong Coupling of Reactant and Solvent Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10635-10638. [PMID: 31189028 PMCID: PMC6771697 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the catalytic effect of vibrational strong coupling (VSC) on the solvolysis of para-nitrophenyl acetate (PNPA), which increases the reaction rate by an order of magnitude. This is observed when the microfluidic Fabry-Perot cavity in which the VSC is generated is tuned to the C=O vibrational stretching mode of both the reactant and solvent molecules. Thermodynamic experiments confirm the catalytic nature of VSC in the system. The change in the reaction rate follows an exponential relation with respect to the coupling strength of the solvent, indicating a cooperative effect between the solvent molecules and the reactant. Furthermore, the study of the solvent kinetic isotope effect clearly shows that the vibrational overlap of the C=O vibrational bands of the reactant and the strongly coupled solvent molecules is critical for the catalysis in this reaction. The combination of cooperative effects and cavity catalysis confirms the potential of VSC as a new frontier in chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Lather
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)MohaliPunjab-140306India
| | - Pooja Bhatt
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)MohaliPunjab-140306India
| | - Anoop Thomas
- University of StrasbourgCNRSISIS & icFRC8 allée G. Monge67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Thomas W. Ebbesen
- University of StrasbourgCNRSISIS & icFRC8 allée G. Monge67000StrasbourgFrance
| | - Jino George
- Department of Chemical SciencesIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)MohaliPunjab-140306India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dezecache G, Crockford C, Zuberbühler K. The development of communication in alarm contexts in wild chimpanzees. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2019; 73:104. [PMID: 31346303 PMCID: PMC6612320 DOI: 10.1007/s00265-019-2716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Animals have evolved a range of communicative behaviours in the presence of danger. Although the mechanisms and functions of some of these behaviours have been relatively well researched, comparatively little is known about their ontogeny, including how animals learn to inform social partners about impending danger. In adult chimpanzees, behaviours in response to dangers involve several channels, particularly alarm calls and simultaneous gaze alternations with nearby recipients. Gaze alternations may allow inexperienced individuals to learn from more experienced ones by assessing their reactions to unfamiliar objects or events, but they may also provide the basis for more advanced social referencing. Here, we were interested in the development of these two common behaviours, alarm calling and gaze alternations, in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) confronted with a threat. Using a cross-sectional design, we investigated those in 8 infant and 8 juveniles by experimentally exposing them to an unfamiliar but potentially dangerous object, a large, remotely controlled, moving spider model. For alarm calling, we found a positive relation with age, starting at around 28 months, although alarm calls were not consistently emitted until after 80 months. For gaze alternations, we found no age effect, with some of the youngest infants already showing the behaviour. Although its function remains unclear in infant and juvenile chimpanzees, gaze alternations emerge early in chimpanzee development. Alarm calling may require more advanced developmental stages, such as greater perceptual abilities, categorical capacities or more sophisticated social cognition, i.e. an understanding that danger is a collective experience that requires communication. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Alarm calling and other anti-predatory behaviours have been the topic of much research but their ontogenies are still poorly described and understood. Recent studies on the behaviour of wild chimpanzees in threatening contexts have suggested sophisticated social cognitive abilities in adults. How do these behaviours develop in ontogeny? We addressed this question using a field experiment with 8 infants and 8 juveniles exposed to a novel and potentially threatening object in their natural habitat. We found that gaze alternations are present in some of the youngest individuals, potentially revealing early social awareness in chimpanzees. Age did not have an effect on the presence of gaze alternation. We also found that alarm calling was more common in older individuals, suggesting that call production and context of usage must be learnt. We discuss our results in light of developmental theories of social cognition and the role of social learning in the primate lineage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Dezecache
- Institut Jean Nicod, Département d’études cognitives, ENS, EHESS, CNRS, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- Budongo Conservation Field Station, Masindi, Uganda
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Catherine Crockford
- Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus Zuberbühler
- Budongo Conservation Field Station, Masindi, Uganda
- Institute of Biology, Université de Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Duc C, Yoth M, Jensen S, Mouniée N, Bergman CM, Vaury C, Brasset E. Trapping a somatic endogenous retrovirus into a germline piRNA cluster immunizes the germline against further invasion. Genome Biol 2019; 20:127. [PMID: 31227013 PMCID: PMC6587276 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1736-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For species survival, the germline must faithfully transmit genetic information to the progeny. Transposable elements (TEs) constitute a significant threat to genome stability due to their mobility. In the metazoan germline, their mobilization is limited by a class of small RNAs called PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) produced by dedicated genomic loci called piRNA clusters. Although the piRNA pathway is an adaptive genomic immunity system, it remains unclear how the germline gains protection from a new transposon invasion. RESULTS To address this question, we analyze Drosophila melanogaster lines harboring a deletion within flamenco, a major piRNA cluster specifically expressed in somatic follicular cells. This deletion leads to derepression of the retrotransposon ZAM in the somatic follicular cells and subsequent germline genome invasion. In this mutant line, we identify de novo production of sense and antisense ZAM-derived piRNAs that display a germinal molecular signature. These piRNAs originated from a new ZAM insertion into a germline dual-strand piRNA cluster and silence ZAM expression specifically in germ cells. Finally, we find that ZAM trapping in a germinal piRNA cluster is a frequent event that occurs early during the isolation of the mutant line. CONCLUSIONS Transposons can hijack the host developmental process to propagate whenever their silencing is lost. Here, we show that the germline can protect itself by trapping invading somatic-specific TEs into germline piRNA clusters. This is the first demonstration of "auto-immunization" of a germline endangered by mobilization of a surrounding somatic TE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Duc
- GReD, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Present address: UFIP UMR-CNRS 6286, Epigénétique: prolifération et différenciation, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, France
| | - Marianne Yoth
- GReD, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Silke Jensen
- GReD, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nolwenn Mouniée
- GReD, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Casey M. Bergman
- Department of Genetics and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, 120 E. Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA
| | - Chantal Vaury
- GReD, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emilie Brasset
- GReD, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, INSERM, Faculté de Médecine, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mignerot L, Avia K, Luthringer R, Lipinska AP, Peters AF, Cock JM, Coelho SM. A key role for sex chromosomes in the regulation of parthenogenesis in the brown alga Ectocarpus. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008211. [PMID: 31194744 PMCID: PMC6592573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although evolutionary transitions from sexual to asexual reproduction are frequent in eukaryotes, the genetic bases of these shifts remain largely elusive. Here, we used classic quantitative trait analysis, combined with genomic and transcriptomic information to dissect the genetic basis of asexual, parthenogenetic reproduction in the brown alga Ectocarpus. We found that parthenogenesis is controlled by the sex locus, together with two additional autosomal loci, highlighting the key role of the sex chromosome as a major regulator of asexual reproduction. We identify several negative effects of parthenogenesis on male fitness, and different fitness effects of parthenogenetic capacity depending on the life cycle generation. Although allele frequencies in natural populations are currently unknown, we discuss the possibility that parthenogenesis may be under both sex-specific selection and generation/ploidally-antagonistic selection, and/or that the action of fluctuating selection on this trait may contribute to the maintenance of polymorphisms in populations. Importantly, our data provide the first empirical illustration, to our knowledge, of a trade-off between the haploid and diploid stages of the life cycle, where distinct parthenogenesis alleles have opposing effects on sexual and asexual reproduction and may help maintain genetic variation. These types of fitness trade-offs have profound evolutionary implications in natural populations and may structure life history evolution in organisms with haploid-diploid life cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laure Mignerot
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Algal Genetics Group, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Komlan Avia
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Algal Genetics Group, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Remy Luthringer
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Algal Genetics Group, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Agnieszka P. Lipinska
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Algal Genetics Group, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | | | - J. Mark Cock
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Algal Genetics Group, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| | - Susana M. Coelho
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Algal Genetics Group, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Blin G, Wisniewski D, Picart C, Thery M, Puceat M, Lowell S. Geometrical confinement controls the asymmetric patterning of brachyury in cultures of pluripotent cells. Development 2018; 145:dev166025. [PMID: 30115626 PMCID: PMC6176930 DOI: 10.1242/dev.166025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Diffusible signals are known to orchestrate patterning during embryogenesis, yet diffusion is sensitive to noise. The fact that embryogenesis is remarkably robust suggests that additional layers of regulation reinforce patterning. Here, we demonstrate that geometrical confinement orchestrates the spatial organisation of initially randomly positioned subpopulations of spontaneously differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells. We use micropatterning in combination with pharmacological manipulations and quantitative imaging to dissociate the multiple effects of geometry. We show that the positioning of a pre-streak-like population marked by brachyury (T) is decoupled from the size of its population, and that breaking radial symmetry of patterns imposes polarised patterning. We provide evidence for a model in which the overall level of diffusible signals together with the history of the cell culture define the number of T+ cells, whereas geometrical constraints guide patterning in a multi-step process involving a differential response of the cells to multicellular spatial organisation. Our work provides a framework for investigating robustness of patterning and provides insights into how to guide symmetry-breaking events in aggregates of pluripotent cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Blin
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Darren Wisniewski
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Catherine Picart
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Manuel Thery
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INRA, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Grenoble, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire and Végétale, UMR5168, CytoMorpho Lab, 38054 Grenoble, France
- Univ. Paris Diderot, CEA, INSERM, Hôpital Saint Louis, Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, UMRS1160, CytoMorpho Lab, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Michel Puceat
- INSERM U1251, Université Aix-Marseille, MMG, 13885 Marseille, France
| | - Sally Lowell
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Magne K, Couzigou JM, Schiessl K, Liu S, George J, Zhukov V, Sahl L, Boyer F, Iantcheva A, Mysore KS, Wen J, Citerne S, Oldroyd GED, Ratet P. MtNODULE ROOT1 and MtNODULE ROOT2 Are Essential for Indeterminate Nodule Identity. Plant Physiol 2018; 178:295-316. [PMID: 30026291 PMCID: PMC6130032 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic interactions between legume plants and rhizobia result in the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules, but the molecular actors and the mechanisms allowing for the maintenance of nodule identity are poorly understood. Medicago truncatula NODULE ROOT1 (MtNOOT1), Pisum sativum COCHLEATA1 (PsCOCH1), and Lotus japonicus NOOT-BOP-COCH-LIKE1 (LjNBCL1) are orthologs of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AtBLADE-ON-PETIOLE1/2 and are members of the NBCL gene family, which has conserved roles in plant development and is essential for indeterminate and determinate nodule identity in legumes. The loss of function of MtNOOT1, PsCOCH1, and LjNBCL1 triggers a partial loss of nodule identity characterized by the development of ectopic roots arising from nodule vascular meristems. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a second gene involved in regulating indeterminate nodule identity in M. truncatula, MtNOOT2MtNOOT2 is the paralog of MtNOOT1 and belongs to a second legume-specific NBCL subclade, the NBCL2 clade. MtNOOT2 expression was induced during early nodule formation, and it was expressed primarily in the nodule central meristem. Mtnoot2 mutants did not present any particular symbiotic phenotype; however, the loss of function of both MtNOOT1 and MtNOOT2 resulted in the complete loss of nodule identity and was accompanied by drastic changes in the expression of symbiotic, defense, and root apical meristem marker genes. Mtnoot1 noot2 double mutants developed only nonfixing root-like structures that were no longer able to host symbiotic rhizobia. This study provides original insights into the molecular basis underlying nodule identity in legumes forming indeterminate nodules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Magne
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Jean-Malo Couzigou
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Katharina Schiessl
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Shengbin Liu
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Jeoffrey George
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Vladimir Zhukov
- ARRIAM, Laboratory of Genetics of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Podbelsky chaussée 3, 196608 Pushkin, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Lucien Sahl
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Frederic Boyer
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| | | | - Kirankumar S Mysore
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401
| | - Sylvie Citerne
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Giles E D Oldroyd
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Pascal Ratet
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Paris-Sud, Université Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay IPS2, Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Bâtiment 630, 91405 Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|