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Vanalken N, Boon K, Szpakowska M, Chevigné A, Schols D, Van Loy T. Systematic Assessment of Human CCR7 Signalling Using NanoBRET Biosensors Points towards the Importance of the Cellular Context. Biosensors (Basel) 2024; 14:142. [PMID: 38534251 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The human CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) is activated by two natural ligands, CC chemokine ligand 19 (CCL19) and 21 (CCL21). The CCL19-CCL21-CCR7 axis has been extensively studied in vitro, but there is still debate over whether CCL21 is an overall weaker agonist or if the axis displays biased signalling. In this study, we performed a systematic analysis at the transducer level using NanoBRET-based methodologies in three commonly used cellular backgrounds to evaluate pathway and ligand preferences, as well as ligand bias and the influence of the cellular system thereon. We found that both CCL19 and CCL21 activated all cognate G proteins and some non-cognate couplings in a cell-type-dependent manner. Both ligands recruited β-arrestin1 and 2, but the potency was strongly dependent on the cellular system. Overall, CCL19 and CCL21 showed largely conserved pathway preferences, but small differences were detected. However, these differences only consolidated in a weak ligand bias. Together, these data suggest that CCL19 and CCL21 share mostly overlapping, weakly biased, transducer profiles, which can be influenced by the cellular context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Vanalken
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrijn Boon
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martyna Szpakowska
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Andy Chevigné
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Immuno-Pharmacology and Interactomics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Dominique Schols
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Van Loy
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Anjorin AAA, Sausy A, Muller CP, Hübschen JM, Omilabu SA, Snoeck CJ. Human Seasonal Influenza Viruses in Swine Workers in Lagos, Nigeria: Consequences for Animal and Public Health. Viruses 2023; 15:1219. [PMID: 37376519 DOI: 10.3390/v15061219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The influenza A virus has been scarcely investigated in pigs in Africa, with rare detection prior to 2009. The spread of A(H1N1)pdm09 changed the epidemiology due to frequent human-to-swine transmission and the emergence of various new reassortants. This study therefore aimed at estimating the level of circulation and characterizing influenza A viruses at the interface between swine workers, who are crucial players in the inter-species transmission of influenza A viruses, and their animals in several farms in Nigeria, a hub for pig production in Africa. This cross-sectional study showed that 24.6% (58/236) of the pig serum samples collected in 2013-2014 had anti-influenza A antibodies in the absence of vaccination programs, but none of the pig swabs (n = 1193) were positive according to RT-qPCR. Viral RNA was detected in 0.9% (2/229) of swine workers sampled at their place of work, and the strains were characterized as A(H1N1)pdm09 and seasonal A(H3N2). Our results highlight that more awareness of swine workers regarding the consequences of reverse zoonosis for animal and public health is warranted. Annual vaccination and the wearing of masks when experiencing influenza-like symptoms would help decrease influenza inter-species transmission, while surveillance should be adequately supported for early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Azeez A Anjorin
- Department of Microbiology (Virology Research), Lagos State University, Ojo 102101, Nigeria
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos 12003, Nigeria
| | - Aurélie Sausy
- Clinical and Applied Virology Group, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Claude P Muller
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Judith M Hübschen
- Clinical and Applied Virology Group, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sunday A Omilabu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos 12003, Nigeria
- Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology, Central Research Laboratory, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos 12003, Nigeria
- Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Lagos 102215, Nigeria
| | - Chantal J Snoeck
- Clinical and Applied Virology Group, Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Vantava S, Hefele L, Virachith S, Vannachone S, Khounvisith V, Nouanthong P, Hübschen JM, Sayasone S, Black AP. Low seroprotection against diphtheria and tetanus in Lao adolescents. Trop Med Int Health 2023. [PMID: 37199458 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is currently no booster diphtheria or tetanus vaccine for Lao children before adolescence, despite international recommendations. We investigated seroprotection against diphtheria and tetanus among Lao adolescents. METHODS Seven hundred seventy-nine serum samples were tested for anti-diphtheria and anti-tetanus antibodies. RESULTS Overall, 25.8% of the adolescents had antibody titers corresponding to protection against diphtheria and 30.9% to sufficient immunity against tetanus. Female participants >16 years were more likely to be protected against diphtheria (p < 0.001) and tetanus (p < 0.029). CONCLUSION Low protection against diphtheria and tetanus, possibly due to low vaccination coverage or antibody waning, suggests booster doses are warranted before adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonephet Vantava
- Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Lisa Hefele
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg
| | - Siriphone Virachith
- Lao-Lux Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Souphaphone Vannachone
- Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Vilaysone Khounvisith
- Lao-Lux Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | | | - Judith M Hübschen
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg
| | - Somphou Sayasone
- Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
| | - Antony P Black
- Lao-Lux Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
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Elbéji A, Zhang L, Higa E, Fischer A, Despotovic V, Nazarov PV, Aguayo G, Fagherazzi G. Vocal biomarker predicts fatigue in people with COVID-19: results from the prospective Predi-COVID cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062463. [PMID: 36414294 PMCID: PMC9684280 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a vocal biomarker for fatigue monitoring in people with COVID-19. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Predi-COVID data between May 2020 and May 2021. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1772 voice recordings were used to train an AI-based algorithm to predict fatigue, stratified by gender and smartphone's operating system (Android/iOS). The recordings were collected from 296 participants tracked for 2 weeks following SARS-CoV-2 infection. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Four machine learning algorithms (logistic regression, k-nearest neighbours, support vector machine and soft voting classifier) were used to train and derive the fatigue vocal biomarker. The models were evaluated based on the following metrics: area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, F1-score, precision and recall. The Brier score was also used to evaluate the models' calibrations. RESULTS The final study population included 56% of women and had a mean (±SD) age of 40 (±13) years. Women were more likely to report fatigue (p<0.001). We developed four models for Android female, Android male, iOS female and iOS male users with a weighted AUC of 86%, 82%, 79%, 85% and a mean Brier Score of 0.15, 0.12, 0.17, 0.12, respectively. The vocal biomarker derived from the prediction models successfully discriminated COVID-19 participants with and without fatigue. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the feasibility of identifying and remotely monitoring fatigue thanks to voice. Vocal biomarkers, digitally integrated into telemedicine technologies, are expected to improve the monitoring of people with COVID-19 or Long-COVID. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04380987.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Elbéji
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Eduardo Higa
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Aurélie Fischer
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Vladimir Despotovic
- Bioinformatics Platform, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Petr V Nazarov
- Bioinformatics Platform, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Gloria Aguayo
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
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Bour C, Ahne A, Aguayo G, Fischer A, Marcic D, Kayser P, Fagherazzi G. Global diabetes burden: analysis of regional differences to improve diabetes care. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2022; 10:10/5/e003040. [PMID: 36307139 PMCID: PMC9621169 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-003040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current evaluation processes of the burden of diabetes are incomplete and subject to bias. This study aimed to identify regional differences in the diabetes burden on a universal level from the perspective of people with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We developed a worldwide online diabetes observatory based on 34 million diabetes-related tweets from 172 countries covering 41 languages, spanning from 2017 to 2021. After translating all tweets to English, we used machine learning algorithms to remove institutional tweets and jokes, geolocate users, identify topics of interest and quantify associated sentiments and emotions across the seven World Bank regions. RESULTS We identified four topics of interest for people with diabetes (PWD) in the Middle East and North Africa and another 18 topics in North America. Topics related to glycemic control and food are shared among six regions of the world. These topics were mainly associated with sadness (35% and 39% on average compared with levels of sadness in other topics). We also revealed several region-specific concerns (eg, insulin pricing in North America or the burden of daily diabetes management in Europe and Central Asia). CONCLUSIONS The needs and concerns of PWD vary significantly worldwide, and the burden of diabetes is perceived differently. Our results will support better integration of these regional differences into diabetes programs to improve patient-centric diabetes research and care, focused on the most relevant concerns to enhance personalized medicine and self-management of PWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Bour
- Department of Precision Health, Deep Digital Phenotyping Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Adrian Ahne
- Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, Villejuif (Paris), Île-de-France, France
| | - Gloria Aguayo
- Department of Precision Health, Deep Digital Phenotyping Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Aurélie Fischer
- Department of Precision Health, Deep Digital Phenotyping Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - David Marcic
- Department of Precision Health, Data Integration and Analysis Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Philippe Kayser
- Department of Precision Health, Data Integration and Analysis Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Department of Precision Health, Deep Digital Phenotyping Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
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Malisoux L, Backes A, Fischer A, Aguayo G, Ollert M, Fagherazzi G. Associations between physical activity prior to infection and COVID-19 disease severity and symptoms: results from the prospective Predi-COVID cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057863. [PMID: 35487745 PMCID: PMC9058293 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate if the physical activity (PA) prior to infection is associated with the severity of the disease in patients positively tested for COVID-19, as well as with the most common symptoms. DESIGN A cross-sectional study using baseline data from a prospective, hybrid cohort study (Predi-COVID) in Luxembourg. Data were collected from May 2020 to June 2021. SETTING Real-life setting (at home) and hospitalised patients. PARTICIPANTS All volunteers aged >18 years with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, as determined by reverse transcription-PCR, and having completed the PA questionnaire (n=452). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was disease severity (asymptomatic, mild illness and moderate illness). The secondary outcomes were self-reported symptoms. RESULTS From the 452 patients included, 216 (48%) were female, the median (IQR) age was 42 (31-51) years, 59 (13%) were classified as asymptomatic, 287 (63%) as mild illness and 106 (24%) as moderate illness. The most prevalent symptoms were fatigue (n=294; 65%), headache (n=281; 62%) and dry cough (n=241; 53%). After adjustment, the highest PA level was associated with a lower risk of moderate illness (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.98, p=0.045), fatigue (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.30 to 0.97, p=0.040), dry cough (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.32 to 0.96, p=0.034) and chest pain (OR 0.32; 95% CI 0.14 to 0.77, p=0.010). CONCLUSIONS PA before COVID-19 infection was associated with a reduced risk of moderate illness severity and a reduced risk of experiencing fatigue, dry cough and chest pain, suggesting that engaging in PA may be an effective approach to minimise the severity of COVID-19. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04380987.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Malisoux
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Anne Backes
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Aurélie Fischer
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Gloria Aguayo
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection & Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, University of Southern, Odense, Denmark
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
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Nouanthong P, Hefele L, Keokhamphue J, Sorrasin V, Khounvisith V, Souksakhone C, Jutavijittum P, Muller CP, Black AP, Hübschen JM. Analyses of blood donor samples from eight provinces in Lao PDR suggest considerable variation concerning HBV exposure and carriage. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259814. [PMID: 34898623 PMCID: PMC8668104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hepatitis B is endemic in Lao PDR and about 9% of the adult population is chronically infected. In this study, we investigated regional, occupational, age and sex-related differences in hepatitis B epidemiology in Lao blood donors. Methods 5017 voluntary blood donors from 8 different provinces were tested for hepatitis B markers by ELISA. Predictors for the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies against the core antigen (anti-HBc) were assessed by bivariate and multivariable analyses. Results In total, 41% of the participants were positive for anti-HBc; the HBsAg prevalence was estimated at 6.9% among all participants (9.2% among first-time donors and 3.9% among repeat donors). Among first-time donors, HBsAg positivity was associated independently with being male (p<0.001), being from the North (p<0.001) and being soldier (p<0.001). Participants were more likely to be anti-HBc positive when they were male (p<0.001), from the Northern provinces (p<0.001) and older than 20 years (p<0.01). Conclusion In conclusion, our study confirmed an overall high HBsAg and anti-HBc prevalence in Lao PDR, albeit with considerable regional variation. The identification of a sizeable number of HBsAg positives among repeat donors warrants a thorough investigation of current blood screening, record keeping, donor identification and counselling practises.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Hefele
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg
| | - Jerapha Keokhamphue
- National Blood Transfusion Center, Lao Red Cross, Rue Phai Nam, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Vonhphet Sorrasin
- National Blood Transfusion Center, Lao Red Cross, Rue Phai Nam, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Vilaysone Khounvisith
- Lao-Lux Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ban Kao-Gnot, Sisattanak District, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | | | - Prapan Jutavijittum
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Claude P. Muller
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg
| | - Antony P. Black
- Lao-Lux Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ban Kao-Gnot, Sisattanak District, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Judith M. Hübschen
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg
- * E-mail:
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Hefele L, Syphan S, Xayavong D, Homsana A, Kleine D, Chanthavilay P, Nouanthong P, Xaydalasouk K, Phathammavong O, Billamay S, Xeuatvongsa A, Reinharz D, Black AP, Muller CP. Timeliness of immunisation with the pentavalent vaccine at different levels of the health care system in the Lao People's Democratic Republic: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242502. [PMID: 33290386 PMCID: PMC7723256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The timely administration of vaccines is considered to be important for both individual and herd immunity. In this study, we investigated the timeliness of the diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis-hepatitis B-Haemophilus influenzae type b (pentavalent) vaccine, scheduled at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. We also investigated factors associated with delayed immunization. Methods 1162 children aged 8–28 months who had received the full course of the pentavalent vaccine at different levels of the health care system were enrolled. Vaccination dates documented in hospital records and/or immunisation cards were recorded. Age at vaccination and time intervals between doses were calculated. Predictors for timely completion with the pentavalent vaccine at 24 weeks were assessed by bivariate and multivariable analyses. Results Several discrepancies in dates between vaccination documents were observed. In general, vaccination with the pentavalent vaccine was found to be delayed, especially in health care settings below the provincial hospital level. Compared to the central hospital level, less participants who were vaccinated at the district/health center level received the third dose by 16 (48% at the central hospital level vs. 7.1% at the district and 12.4% at the health center level) and 24 weeks of age (94.4% at the central hospital level vs 64.6% at the district-outreach and 57.4% at the health center level) respectively. In logistic regression analyses, lower education level of the mother as well as vaccination by outreach service, were independently associated with delayed completion of vaccination. Conclusion We observed a general delay of vaccination, especially at lower ranked facilities, which correlated with indicators of poor access to health services. This highlights the need for further improving health equity in rural areas. Age-appropriate vaccination should become a quality indicator for the national immunization programme. In addition, we recommend further training of the health care staff regarding the importance of reliable documentation of dates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Hefele
- Lao-Lux Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Vientiane, Lao PDR
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Anousin Homsana
- Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Daria Kleine
- Lao-Lux Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Vientiane, Lao PDR
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anonh Xeuatvongsa
- Expanded Programme on Immunisation, Vientiane, Lao People’s Democratic Republic
| | - Daniel Reinharz
- Lao Tropical and Public Health Institute, Vientiane, Lao PDR
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Antony P. Black
- Lao-Lux Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Claude P. Muller
- Lao-Lux Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Laos, Vientiane, Lao PDR
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg
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Ahne A, Orchard F, Tannier X, Perchoux C, Balkau B, Pagoto S, Harding JL, Czernichow T, Fagherazzi G. Insulin pricing and other major diabetes-related concerns in the USA: a study of 46 407 tweets between 2017 and 2019. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001190. [PMID: 32503810 PMCID: PMC7282343 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little research has been done to systematically evaluate concerns of people living with diabetes through social media, which has been a powerful tool for social change and to better understand perceptions around health-related issues. This study aims to identify key diabetes-related concerns in the USA and primary emotions associated with those concerns using information shared on Twitter. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 11.7 million diabetes-related tweets in English were collected between April 2017 and July 2019. Machine learning methods were used to filter tweets with personal content, to geolocate (to the USA) and to identify clusters of tweets with emotional elements. A sentiment analysis was then applied to each cluster. RESULTS We identified 46 407 tweets with emotional elements in the USA from which 30 clusters were identified; 5 clusters (18% of tweets) were related to insulin pricing with both positive emotions (joy, love) referring to advocacy for affordable insulin and sadness emotions related to the frustration of insulin prices, 5 clusters (12% of tweets) to solidarity and support with a majority of joy and love emotions expressed. The most negative topics (10% of tweets) were related to diabetes distress (24% sadness, 27% anger, 21% fear elements), to diabetic and insulin shock (45% anger, 46% fear) and comorbidities (40% sadness). CONCLUSIONS Using social media data, we have been able to describe key diabetes-related concerns and their associated emotions. More specifically, we were able to highlight the real-world concerns of insulin pricing and its negative impact on mood. Using such data can be a useful addition to current measures that inform public decision making around topics of concern and burden among people with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Ahne
- Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris Saclay, Villejuif (Paris), Île-de-France, France
- Epiconcept Company, Paris, France
| | | | - Xavier Tannier
- LIMICS, INSERM U1142, Sorbonne University, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Camille Perchoux
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Beverley Balkau
- Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM, University Paris Saclay, Villejuif (Paris), Île-de-France, France
| | - Sherry Pagoto
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, UConn Center for mHealth & Social Media, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jessica Lee Harding
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Digital Epidemiology Hub, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES We estimated the prevalence of short sleep duration and multimorbidity in Luxembourg, and assessed whether sleep duration was associated with multimorbidity after adjusting for sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Data from 1508 Luxembourg residents (48% men and 52% women) aged 25 to 64 years came from the European Health Examination Survey 2013-2015. OUTCOME MEASURES Short sleep duration and multimorbidity. RESULTS Participants reported sleeping 6.95 hours/night during work days, nearly 1 hour less than during non-work days (7.86 hours/night). Nearly half of participants reported having been diagnosed with ≥2 chronic conditions/diseases. Short sleep duration was associated with the number of chronic conditions (OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.48 to 14.51; OR 7.30, 95% CI 2.35 to 22.58; OR 6.79, 95% CI 2.15 to 21.41 for 1, 2 and ≥3 chronic conditions/diseases, respectively), independently of socioeconomic and behavioural characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Health promotion programmes should aim at improving and promoting healthy lifestyles among the general population to improve sleep habits as well as decrease multimorbidity in middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ruiz-Castell
- Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Tatjana T Makovski
- Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Family Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Valéry Bocquet
- Competence Center in Methodology and Statistics, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Saverio Stranges
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Arendt V, Guillorit L, Origer A, Sauvageot N, Vaillant M, Fischer A, Goedertz H, François JH, Alexiev I, Staub T, Seguin-Devaux C. Injection of cocaine is associated with a recent HIV outbreak in people who inject drugs in Luxembourg. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215570. [PMID: 31095576 PMCID: PMC6522034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An outbreak of HIV infections among people who inject drugs (PWID) started in 2014 in Luxembourg. Objectives We conducted phylogenetic and epidemiological analyses among the PWID infected with HIV in Luxembourg or attending the supervised drug consumption facility (SDCF) to understand the main causes of the outbreak. Methods Between January 2013 and December 2017, analysis of medical files were performed from all PWID infected with HIV at the National Service of Infectious Diseases (NSID) providing clinical care nationwide. PWID were interviewed at NSID and SDCF using a standardized questionnaire focused on drug consumption and risk behaviours. The national drug monitoring system RELIS was consulted to determine the frequency of cocaine/heroin use. Transmission clusters were analysed by phylogenetic analyses using approximate maximum-likelihood. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed on epidemiological data collected at NSID and SDCF to determine risk factors associated with cocaine use. Results From January 2013 to December 2017, 68 new diagnosis of HIV infection reported injecting drug use as the main risk of transmission at NSID. The proportion of female cases enrolled between 2013–2017 was higher than the proportion among cases enrolled prior to 2013. (33% vs 21%, p < 0.05). Fifty six viral sequences were obtained from the 68 PWID newly diagnosed for HIV. Two main transmission clusters were revealed: one HIV-1 subtype B cluster and one CRF14_BG cluster including 37 and 9 patients diagnosed since 2013, respectively. Interviews from 32/68 (47%) newly diagnosed PWID revealed that 12/32 (37.5%) were homeless and 27/32 (84.4%) injected cocaine. Increased cocaine injection was indeed reported by the RELIS participants from 53 to 63% in drug users with services contacts between 2012 and 2015, and from 5 to 22% in SDCF users between 2012 and 2016. Compared with PWID who injected only heroin (n = 63), PWID injecting cocaine and heroin (n = 107) were younger (mean of 38 vs 44 years, p≤0.001), reported more frequent piercing (≤0.001), shared and injected drugs more often (p≤0.01), and were more frequently HIV positive (p<0.05) at SDCF using univariate logistic regression analysis. Finally, in the multivariate analysis, use of heroin and cocaine was independently associated with younger age, piercing, sharing of drugs, and regular consumption (p<0.05). Conclusions Injecting cocaine is a new trend of drug use in Luxembourg associated with HIV infection in this recent outbreak among PWID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vic Arendt
- Service National des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Laurence Guillorit
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch sur Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Alain Origer
- National Drug Coordinator, Ministry of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Nicolas Sauvageot
- Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Michel Vaillant
- Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Aurélie Fischer
- Clinical and Epidemiological Investigation Center, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | | | - Jean-Hugues François
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Ivailo Alexiev
- National Reference Laboratory of HIV, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Thérèse Staub
- Service National des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Carole Seguin-Devaux
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch sur Alzette, Luxembourg
- * E-mail:
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12
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Samouda H, Ruiz-Castell M, Bocquet V, Kuemmerle A, Chioti A, Dadoun F, Kandala NB, Stranges S. Geographical variation of overweight, obesity and related risk factors: Findings from the European Health Examination Survey in Luxembourg, 2013-2015. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197021. [PMID: 29902172 PMCID: PMC6001977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The analyses of geographic variations in the prevalence of major chronic conditions, such as overweight and obesity, are an important public health tool to identify “hot spots” and inform allocation of funding for policy and health promotion campaigns, yet rarely performed. Here we aimed at exploring, for the first time in Luxembourg, potential geographic patterns in overweight/obesity prevalence in the country, adjusted for several demographic, socioeconomic, behavioural and health status characteristics. Data came from 720 men and 764 women, 25–64 years old, who participated in the European Health Examination Survey in Luxembourg (2013–2015). To investigate the geographical variation, geo-additive semi-parametric mixed model and Bayesian modelisations based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques for inference were performed. Large disparities in the prevalence of overweight and obesity were found between municipalities, with the highest rates of obesity found in 3 municipalities located in the South-West of the country. Bayesian approach also underlined a nonlinear effect of age on overweight and obesity in both genders (significant in men) and highlighted the following risk factors: 1. country of birth for overweight in men born in a non-European country (Posterior Odds Ratio (POR): 3.24 [1.61–8.69]) and women born in Portugal (POR: 2.44 [1.25–4.43]), 2. low educational level (secondary or below) for overweight (POR: 1.66 (1.06–2.72)] and obesity (POR:2.09 [1.05–3.65]) in men, 3. single marital status for obesity in women (POR: 2.20 [1.24–3.91]), 4.fair (men: POR: 3.19 [1.58–6.79], women: POR: 2.24 [1.33–3.73]) to very bad health perception (men: POR: 15.01 [2.16–98.09]) for obesity, 5. sleeping more than 6 hours for obesity in unemployed men (POR: 3.66 [2.02–8.03]). Protective factors highlighted were: 1. single marital status against overweight (POR: [0.60 (0.38–0.96)]) and obesity (POR: 0.39 [0.16–0.84]) in men, 2. the fact to be widowed against overweight in women (POR: [0.30 (0.07–0.86)], as well as a non European country of birth (POR: 0.49 [0.19–0.98]), tertiary level of education (POR: 0.34 [0.18–0.64]), moderate alcohol consumption (POR: 0.54 [0.36–0.90]) and aerobic physical activity practice (POR: 0.44 [0.27–0.77]) against obesity in women. A double burden of environmental exposure due to historic mining and industrial activities and past economic vulnaribility in the South-West of the country may have participated to the higher prevalence of obesity found in this region. Other demographic, socioeconomic, behavioural and health status covariates could have been involved as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanen Samouda
- Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Ruiz-Castell
- Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Valery Bocquet
- Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | | | - Anna Chioti
- Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Population Health Department, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Frédéric Dadoun
- Endocrinology and Diabetology Department, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala
- Department of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Saverio Stranges
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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13
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Pit-Ten Cate IM, Samouda H, Schierloh U, Jacobs J, Vervier JF, Stranges S, Lair ML, Beaufort CD. Can health indicators and psychosocial characteristics predict attrition in youths with overweight and obesity seeking ambulatory treatment? Data from a retrospective longitudinal study in a paediatric clinic in Luxembourg. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e014811. [PMID: 28871008 PMCID: PMC5588941 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to identify factors that could predict attrition in youths starting ambulatory treatment to control or lose weight. DESIGN Retrospective longitudinal study. SETTING Paediatric clinic: ambulatory treatment programme. PATIENTS AND MEASURES A youth sample (n=191; 89 boys; aged 7-17 years) completed measures of demographic characteristics, and health and psychosocial traits before starting an ambulatory weight management programme. Anthropometric and biological markers related to obesity were also obtained. Tests of mean differences and regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between these variables and attrition after 1 year. RESULTS The χ2and t test results showed both psychosocial and health indicators differentiated between participants who continued attending the treatment programme and those who dropped out. More specifically, youths that dropped out of treatment were significantly older, had higher body mass index z scores, higher levels of insulin, triglycerides and HOMA-IR, reported poorer health, had more conduct problems and were more dissatisfied with themselves and their bodies before starting treatment. Results of regression analyses revealed that weight status (anthropometric and biological markers), age and body dissatisfaction predicted attrition (overall prediction success 73%; prediction success for continued attendance 90/91%; prediction success for dropouts 42/44%). CONCLUSION Attrition, but especially the continued attendance in treatment, can be successfully predicted by age, weight status and body dissatisfaction. For patients who present with one or more risk factors, careful consideration is needed to decide which (combination of) inpatient or outpatient programme may facilitate prolonged engagement of the patient and hence may be most effective in establishing weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ineke M Pit-Ten Cate
- Faculty of Language and Literature, Humanities, Arts and Education, University of Luxembourg;, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Hanen Samouda
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Ulrike Schierloh
- Clinique Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Julien Jacobs
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Jean Francois Vervier
- Clinique Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Saverio Stranges
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie Lise Lair
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Carine de Beaufort
- Clinique Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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