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Zapata-Hernández G, Gajardo-Rojas M, Calderón-Seguel M, Muñoz AA, Yáñez KP, Requier F, Fontúrbel FE, Ormeño-Arriagada PI, Arrieta H. Advances and knowledge gaps on climate change impacts on honey bees and beekeeping: A systematic review. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17219. [PMID: 38450832 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The Western honey bee Apis mellifera is a managed species that provides diverse hive products and contributing to wild plant pollination, as well as being a critical component of crop pollination systems worldwide. High mortality rates have been reported in different continents attributed to different factors, including pesticides, pests, diseases, and lack of floral resources. Furthermore, climate change has been identified as a potential driver negatively impacting pollinators, but it is still unclear how it could affect honey bee populations. In this context, we carried out a systematic review to synthesize the effects of climate change on honey bees and beekeeping activities. A total of 90 articles were identified, providing insight into potential impacts (negative, neutral, and positive) on honey bees and beekeeping. Interest in climate change's impact on honey bees has increased in the last decade, with studies mainly focusing on honey bee individuals, using empirical and experimental approaches, and performed at short-spatial (<10 km) and temporal (<5 years) scales. Moreover, environmental analyses were mainly based on short-term data (weather) and concentrated on only a few countries. Environmental variables such as temperature, precipitation, and wind were widely studied and had generalized negative effects on different biological and ecological aspects of honey bees. Food reserves, plant-pollinator networks, mortality, gene expression, and metabolism were negatively impacted. Knowledge gaps included a lack of studies at the apiary and beekeeper level, a limited number of predictive and perception studies, poor representation of large-spatial and mid-term scales, a lack of climate analysis, and a poor understanding of the potential impacts of pests and diseases. Finally, climate change's impacts on global beekeeping are still an emergent issue. This is mainly due to their diverse effects on honey bees and the potential necessity of implementing adaptation measures to sustain this activity under complex environmental scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germán Zapata-Hernández
- Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Acción Climática, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Martina Gajardo-Rojas
- Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Acción Climática, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Matías Calderón-Seguel
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Tarapacá, Iquique, Chile
| | - Ariel A Muñoz
- Instituto de Geografía, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Acción Climática, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Ciencia del Clima y la Resiliencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karen P Yáñez
- Centro de Biotecnología Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Fabrice Requier
- CNRS, IRD, UMR Évolution, Génomes, Comportement et Écologie, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Francisco E Fontúrbel
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Pablo I Ormeño-Arriagada
- Centro de Acción Climática, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Departamento de Informática, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Héctor Arrieta
- Centro de Acción Climática, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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2
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Lowe A, Jones L, Brennan G, Creer S, Christie L, de Vere N. Temporal change in floral availability leads to periods of resource limitation and affects diet specificity in a generalist pollinator. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:6363-6376. [PMID: 36200580 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Generalist species are core components of ecological networks and crucial for the maintenance of biodiversity. Generalist species and networks are expected to be more resilient, and therefore understanding the dynamics of specialization and generalization in ecological networks is a key focus in a time of rapid global change. Whilst diet generalization is frequently studied, our understanding of how it changes over time is limited. Here we explore temporal variation in diet specificity in the honeybee (Apis mellifera), using pollen DNA metabarcoding of honey samples, through the foraging season, over two years. We find that, overall, honeybees are generalists that visit a wide range of plants, but there is temporal variation in the degree of specialization. Temporal specialization of honeybee colonies corresponds to periods of resource limitation, identified as a lack of honey stores. Honeybees experience a lack of preferred resources in June when switching from flowering trees in spring to shrubs and herbs in summer. Investigating temporal patterns in specialization can identify periods of resource limitation that may lead to species and network vulnerability. Diet specificity must therefore be explored at different temporal scales in order to fully understand species and network stability in the face of ecological change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Lowe
- National Botanic Garden of Wales, Llanarthne, UK
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Group, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
- Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - Laura Jones
- National Botanic Garden of Wales, Llanarthne, UK
| | | | - Simon Creer
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Group, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | | | - Natasha de Vere
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Chan HH, Burrows AK, Hosgood G, Ghubash R. Sensitivity of a Hymenoptera serological immunoglobulin (Ig)E assay for the diagnosis of venom hypersensitivity in dogs. Vet Dermatol 2023; 34:543-553. [PMID: 37485613 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hymenoptera envenomation with honey bee (Apis mellifera) and paper wasp (Polistes spp.) may cause life-threatening anaphylaxis in dogs. In human patients, clinical history, intradermal testing (IDT) and measurement of allergen-specific serological immunoglobulin (Ig)E (sIgE) are used to support a diagnosis of Hymenoptera venom hypersensitivity. The utility of venom allergen-specific sIgE has not yet been evaluated for this purpose in dogs. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to investigate the sensitivity (sn), specificity (sp) and positive predictive value (PPV) of honey bee and paper wasp serological titres using a commercially available sIgE assay [VARL (Veterinary Allergen Reference Laboratory) Liquid Gold] against clinical history for a diagnosis of Hymenoptera hypersensitivity in dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Honeybee and paper wasp IgE serum titres were measured in 15 client-owned dogs with a diagnosis of Hymenoptera venom hypersensitivity based on a history of anaphylaxis, owner observation of Hymenoptera, and positive IDT to bee and/or wasp; and in 10 client-owned dogs with no known history of anaphylaxis or Hymenoptera exposure and a negative IDT to bee and wasp. RESULTS Analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrate that a VARL score cut-off of one of six for honeybee yields Sn, Sp and PPV of 40%, 60% and 60%, respectively, and two of six for wasp yields Sn, Sp and PPV of 25%, 78% and 60%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Owing to the poor sensitivity and PPV of sIgE assays for both bee and wasp hypersensitivity in dogs with known envenomation and anaphylaxis, the use of sIgE cannot be recommended as a tool for venom identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary H Chan
- Animal Dermatology Clinic Perth, The Animal Hospital Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Amanda K Burrows
- Animal Dermatology Clinic Perth, The Animal Hospital Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Giselle Hosgood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, The Animal Hospital Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
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4
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Witwicka A, López‐Osorio F, Patterson V, Wurm Y. Expression of subunits of an insecticide target receptor varies across tissues, life stages, castes, and species of social bees. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:1034-1044. [PMID: 36478483 PMCID: PMC10947401 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Global losses of insects jeopardize ecosystem stability and crop pollination. Robust evidence indicates that insecticides have contributed to these losses. Notably, insecticides targeting nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have neurotoxic effects on beneficial insects. Because each nAChR consists of five subunits, the alternative arrangements of subunits could create a multitude of receptors differing in structure and function. Therefore, understanding whether the use of subunits varies is essential for evaluating and predicting the effects of insecticides targeting such receptors. To better understand how the use and composition of nAChRs differ within and between insect pollinators, we analysed RNA-seq gene expression data from tissues and castes of Apis mellifera honey bees and life stages and castes of the Bombus terrestris bumble bees. We reveal that all analysed tissues express nAChRs and that relative expression levels of nAChR subunits vary widely across almost all comparisons. Our work thus shows fine-tuned spatial and temporal expression of nAChRs. Given that coexpression of subunits underpins the compositional diversity of functional receptors and that the affinities of insecticides depend on nAChR composition, our findings provide a likely mechanism for the various damaging effects of nAChR-targeting insecticides on insects. Furthermore, our results indicate that the appraisal of insecticide risks should carefully consider variation in molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yannick Wurm
- Biology DepartmentQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Digital Environment Research InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Alan Turing InstituteLondonUK
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5
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Michalczyk M, Sokół R, Lipczyńska-Ilczuk K, Bancerz-Kisiel A. Phylogenetic analysis of Starmerella apis in honey bees ( Apis mellifera). J Eukaryot Microbiol 2023; 70:e12931. [PMID: 35711086 DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Honey bees are among the most effective pollinators that promote plant reproduction. Bees are highly active in the pollen collection season, which can lead to the transmission of selected pathogens between colonies. The clade Starmerella comprises yeasts that are isolated mainly from bees and their environment. When visiting plants, bees can come into contact with Starmerella spp. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and phylogenetic position of S. apis in bee colonies. Bee colonies were collected from nine apiaries in three regions. Ten colonies were sampled randomly from each apiary, and pooled samples were collected from the central part of the hive in each colony. A total of 90 (100%) bee colonies from nine apiaries were examined. Starmerella apis was detected in 31 (34.44%) samples, but related species were not identified. The 18S rRNA amplicon sequences of S. apis were compatible with the GenBank sequences of Starmerella spp. from India, Japan, Syria, Thailand, and the USA. The amplicon sequences of S. apis were also 99.06% homologous with the sequences deposited in GenBank under accession numbers JX515988 and NG067631.This is the first study to perform a phylogenetic analysis of S. apis in Polish honey bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Michalczyk
- Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Rajmund Sokół
- Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karolina Lipczyńska-Ilczuk
- Department of Epizootiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agata Bancerz-Kisiel
- Department of Epizootiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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6
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Eynard SE, Vignal A, Basso B, Canale‐Tabet K, Le Conte Y, Decourtye A, Genestout L, Labarthe E, Mondet F, Servin B. Reconstructing queen genotypes by pool sequencing colonies in eusocial insects: Statistical Methods and their application to honeybee. Mol Ecol Resour 2022; 22:3035-3048. [PMID: 35816386 PMCID: PMC9796407 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Eusocial insects are crucial to many ecosystems, and particularly the honeybee (Apis mellifera). One approach to facilitate their study in molecular genetics, is to consider whole-colony genotyping by combining DNA of multiple individuals in a single pool sequencing experiment. Cheap and fast, this technique comes with the drawback of producing data requiring dedicated methods to be fully exploited. Despite this limitation, pool sequencing data have been shown to be informative and cost-effective when working on random mating populations. Here, we present new statistical methods for exploiting pool sequencing of eusocial colonies in order to reconstruct the genotypes of the queen of such colony. This leverages the possibility to monitor genetic diversity, perform genomic-based studies or implement selective breeding. Using simulations and honeybee real data, we show that the new methods allow for a fast and accurate estimation of the queen's genetic ancestry, with correlations of about 0.9 to that obtained from individual genotyping. Also, it allows for an accurate reconstruction of the queen genotypes, with about 2% genotyping error. We further validate these inferences using experimental data on colonies with both pool sequencing and individual genotyping of drones. In brief, in this study we present statistical models to accurately estimate the genetic ancestry and reconstruct the genotypes of the queen from pool sequencing data from workers of an eusocial colony. Such information allows to exploit pool sequencing for traditional population genetics analyses, association studies and for selective breeding. While validated in Apis mellifera, these methods are applicable to other eusocial hymenopterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia E. Eynard
- GenPhySE, INRAE, INP, ENVTUniversité de ToulouseCastanet‐TolosanFrance,LABOGENA DNAJouy‐en‐JosasFrance
| | - Alain Vignal
- GenPhySE, INRAE, INP, ENVTUniversité de ToulouseCastanet‐TolosanFrance
| | - Benjamin Basso
- Abeilles et EnvironnementINRAEAvignonFrance,ITSAPAvignonFrance
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bertrand Servin
- GenPhySE, INRAE, INP, ENVTUniversité de ToulouseCastanet‐TolosanFrance
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7
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Dos Santos FF, Morais-Urano RP, Cunha WR, de Almeida SG, Cavallari PSDSR, Manuquian HA, Pereira HDA, Furtado R, Santos MFC, Amdrade E Silva ML. A review on the anti-inflammatory activities of Brazilian green, brown and red propolis. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14350. [PMID: 35880944 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Humanity has used propolis since ancient times, and its use as a food supplement has significantly increased. Several reports on propolis´ biological activity and toxicity have highlighted its anti-inflammatory properties, unlike many natural food supplements. This review addresses the anti-inflammatory roles of Brazilian green, brown, and red propolis produced by Apis mellifera, their extracts, isolated compounds, and their mode of action. Despite advances in anti-inflammatory therapies, the development of inflammatory processes in several diseases has been a concern for centuries. Demands for new anti-inflammatory drugs have led to studies on propolis products as diet components to treat and prevent inflammatory disorders. Brazilian green, brown, and red propolis are alternatives for obtaining extracts and compounds of valuable anti-inflammatory properties. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Currently, propolis is a food supplement, and to the best of our knowledge, several studies have shown that despite advances in anti-inflammatory therapies, the inflammatory process continues to be a significant concern. However, due to the demand for new anti-inflammatory drugs, propolis products as dietary components can be used to treat and prevent inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fransergio F Dos Santos
- Research Center in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel P Morais-Urano
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson R Cunha
- Research Center in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samarah G de Almeida
- Research Center in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Hallana A Manuquian
- Research Center in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique de A Pereira
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Center of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alto Universitário, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Furtado
- Research Center in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario F C Santos
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Center of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alto Universitário, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Márcio L Amdrade E Silva
- Research Center in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
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8
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Calaça P, de Freitas LD, Schlindwein C. Strongly unbalanced gender attractiveness in a dioecious mass flowering tropical tree pollinated by stingless bees. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2022; 24:473-481. [PMID: 35174601 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In dioecious, bee-pollinated tree species, male and female flowers offer different resources. It is unclear how this unbalanced quantity and quality of floral resources affects flower visits and pollen transfer to female flowers. We asked, what characteristics of flowering and dynamics of resource production by trees favour flights of bees between male and female trees. We quantified the floral resources produced by individual flowers and entire trees of Myracrodruon urundeuva (Anacardiaceae), measured pollen flow to female flowers, fruit set of naturally pollinated flowers and determined the effective pollinators. Crown volume of male trees was four-fold, flower number 15-fold and nectar volume 60 times higher than in female trees. While ~70% of male flowers opened in the morning, ~70% of female flowers opened in the afternoon. Fruit set was 27%. Stingless bee species were the main pollinators, while honeybees were common only on male flowers. Strongly unbalanced production of floral resources, high potential lifespan of female flowers and anticipated opening of male flowers favour pollinator movement and pollen deposition on female flowers, albeit low (0.003% of pollen that reached stigmas), but sufficient to produce thousands of fruits per tree. Besides being an astonishing pollen and nectar source for numerous social bee species, only a few of them were effective pollinators. Our quantitative approach to floral resource production of each gender provides new insights, such as the proportion of resources allocated to each gender and the corresponding behaviour of flower visitors, for understanding the reproductive strategy of dioecious tropical mass-flowering trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Calaça
- Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Rua Conde Pereira Carneiro, Gameleira, Brazil
- Departamento de Botânica, Grupo Plebeia - Ecologia de Abelhas e da Polinização, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Pampulha, Brazil
| | - L D de Freitas
- Departamento de Botânica, Grupo Plebeia - Ecologia de Abelhas e da Polinização, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Pampulha, Brazil
| | - C Schlindwein
- Departamento de Botânica, Grupo Plebeia - Ecologia de Abelhas e da Polinização, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Pampulha, Brazil
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9
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Baronio GJ, Souza CS, Silva NNA, Moura NP, Leite AV, Santos AMM, Maciel MIS, Castro CC. Different visitation frequencies of native and non-native bees to vines: how much vegetation is necessary to improve fruit production? Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2021; 23:923-930. [PMID: 34532942 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pollination is provided by biodiversity and maintains global food production. We investigated the effects of vegetation cover on the abundance of floral visitor and vine (Vitis labrusca Raf.) production. We expected an increase in both floral visitor frequencies and vineyard yields with an increase in native vegetation cover in the landscape. We also investigated different scenarios of visitor abundance with and without honeybees (Apis mellifera L.). We surveyed floral visitors from ten vineyard plots with different native cover surrounding them and related both visitors and native vegetation to fruit set. Considering some of these vineyards, we compared physical and chemical traits of berries to understand how they vary according to native vegetation. Floral visitor abundance was positively related to native vegetation cover. However, considering only native bee abundance, we found a dual (hyperbolic) response. Apis mellifera (L.) Africanized was the most abundant species and had the highest number of interactions; however, when removed from the network analysis, the relationship between vineyards and native bees became more specialized. The fruit size and mass of berries differed among vineyards, as did some chemical traits related to commercial quality of fruits, such as soluble solids, pH and flavonoids. Vineyards surrounded by intermediate areas of native vegetation present a balance between resource availability from vineyards and native vegetation. Apis and non-Apis (such as flies and small bees) floral visitors, known to have different effects on vine pollination, could hypothetically provide variation in vine production and quality. Considering a near 20% native vegetation increment, there was an enhancement, on average, of ten-fold more berries per bunch, the changing physical and chemical fruit traits by vegetation increment could also increase the aggregate value of vines and the value of pollination services in the economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Baronio
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - C S Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduaçao em Botânica Aplicada, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil
| | - N N A Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - N P Moura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Ciências do Consumo, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - A V Leite
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - A M M Santos
- Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - M I S Maciel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Departamento de Ciências do Consumo, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - C C Castro
- Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, Garanhuns, Pernambuco, Brazil
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10
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Garibaldi LA, Pérez-Méndez N, Cordeiro GD, Hughes A, Orr M, Alves-Dos-Santos I, Freitas BM, Freitas de Oliveira F, LeBuhn G, Bartomeus I, Aizen MA, Andrade PB, Blochtein B, Boscolo D, Drumond PM, Gaglianone MC, Gemmill-Herren B, Halinski R, Krug C, Maués MM, Piedade Kiill LH, Pinheiro M, Pires CSS, Viana BF. Negative impacts of dominance on bee communities: Does the influence of invasive honey bees differ from native bees? Ecology 2021; 102:e03526. [PMID: 34467526 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Invasive species can reach high abundances and dominate native environments. One of the most impressive examples of ecological invasions is the spread of the African subspecies of the honey bee throughout the Americas, starting from its introduction in a single locality in Brazil. The invasive honey bee is expected to more negatively impact bee community abundance and diversity than native dominant species, but this has not been tested previously. We developed a comprehensive and systematic bee sampling scheme, using a protocol deploying 11,520 pan traps across regions and crops for three years in Brazil. We found that invasive honey bees are now the single most dominant bee species. Such dominance has not only negative consequences for abundance and species richness of native bees but also for overall bee abundance (i.e., strong "numerical" effects of honey bees). Contrary to expectations, honey bees did not have stronger negative impacts than other native bees achieving similar levels of dominance (i.e., lack of negative "identity" effects of honey bees). These effects were markedly consistent across crop species, seasons and years, and were independent from land-use effects. Dominance could be a proxy of bee community degradation and more generally of the severity of ecological invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas A Garibaldi
- Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural, Mitre 630, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, 8400, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural, Mitre 630, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, 8400, Argentina
| | | | - Guaraci D Cordeiro
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Kapitelgasse 4/6, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Alice Hughes
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, 666303, China
| | - Michael Orr
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Isabel Alves-Dos-Santos
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, n° 321, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Breno M Freitas
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Laboratório de Abelhas, Campus do Pici - R. Cinco, 100 - Pres. Kennedy, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60455-970, Brazil
| | - Favízia Freitas de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bionomia, Biogeografia e Sistemática de Insetos, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, n° 668, Campus Universitário de Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Estudos Inter e Transdisciplinares em Ecologia e Evolução, 1154, R. Barão de Jeremoabo, 668 - Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Gretchen LeBuhn
- San Francisco State University, 1600 Holloway Ave, San Francisco, California, 94132, USA
| | - Ignasi Bartomeus
- Estación Biológica de Doñana del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Cartuja TA-10, Edificio I, C. Américo Vespucio, s/n, Sevilla, 41092, Spain
| | - Marcelo A Aizen
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Nacional del Comahue-CONICET, Quintral 1250, San Carlos de Bariloche, Rio Negro, 8400, Argentina
| | - Patricia B Andrade
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Laboratório de Abelhas, Campus do Pici - R. Cinco, 100 - Pres. Kennedy, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60455-970, Brazil
| | - Betina Blochtein
- Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Danilo Boscolo
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Estudos Inter e Transdisciplinares em Ecologia e Evolução, 1154, R. Barão de Jeremoabo, 668 - Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900 Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-900, Brazil
| | - Patricia M Drumond
- Embrapa Mid-North, Av. Duque de Caxias n 5650 Buenos Aires, Teresina, Piauí, C.P 001 - 64008-780, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Gaglianone
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque California, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, 28013-602, Brazil
| | | | - Rosana Halinski
- Escola Politécnica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 6681 - Prédio 30 - Partenon, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Krug
- Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal, Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental, Rodovia AM 010 Km 29 Estrada Manau/Itacoatiara, Manaus, Amazonas, 69010-970, Brazil
| | - Márcia Motta Maués
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro, s/n°, Bairro do Marco, Belém, Pará, 66095-100, Brazil
| | - Lucia H Piedade Kiill
- Embrapa Tropical Semi-Arid, Rodovia BR-428, Km 152, Zona Rural, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56302-970, Brazil
| | - Mardiore Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, R. Major Antônio Cardoso 590, Cerro Largo, Rio Grande do Sul, 97900-000, Brazil
| | - Carmen S S Pires
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, PqEB, Av. W5 Norte (final), Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70770-917, Brazil
| | - Blandina Felipe Viana
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Estudos Inter e Transdisciplinares em Ecologia e Evolução, 1154, R. Barão de Jeremoabo, 668 - Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil.,Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 1154, R. Barão de Jeremoabo, 668 - Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-115, Brazil
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11
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Martins AE, Arista M, Morellato LPC, Camargo MGG. Color signals of bee-pollinated flowers: the significance of natural leaf background. Am J Bot 2021; 108:788-797. [PMID: 34056706 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Flower color is a primary pollinator attractant and generally adjusted to the cognitive system of the pollinators. The perception of flower color depends on the visual system of pollinators and also on environmental factors such as light conditions and the background against which flowers are displayed. METHODS Using bee-pollinated Fabaceae species as a model, we analyzed flower color diversity and compared flower color signals considering both the standard green and the natural leaf background of two tropical seasonally dry vegetations-a mountain rupestrian grassland (campo rupestre) and a woody savanna (cerrado)-compared to a nontropical Mediterranean shrubland. RESULTS By using natural background, bees discriminated color for 58% of the flowers in the campo rupestre and for only 43% in cerrado. Both vegetations were surpassed by 75% of bee color discrimination in Mediterranean vegetation. Chromatic contrast and purity were similar among the three vegetation types. Green contrast and brightness were similar between the tropical vegetations but differed from the Mediterranean shrubland. Green contrast differences were lost when using a standard green background, and most variables (purity, green contrast, and brightness) differed according to the background (natural or standard green) in all vegetations. CONCLUSIONS The natural background influenced bee perception of flower color regardless of vegetation. The background of the campo rupestre promoted green contrast for flowers, ensuring flower detection by pollinators and, along with bees, may also act as a selective pressure driving the diversity of flower colors in Fabaceae species. We highlight the importance of considering the natural background coloration when analyzing flower color signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E Martins
- Department of Biodiversity, Phenology Lab, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Av 24A, 1515, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Montserrat Arista
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, 41080, Spain
| | - Leonor Patricia Cerdeira Morellato
- Department of Biodiversity, Phenology Lab, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Av 24A, 1515, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela G Camargo
- Department of Biodiversity, Phenology Lab, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biosciences Institute, Av 24A, 1515, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil
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12
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Horn J, Becher MA, Johst K, Kennedy PJ, Osborne JL, Radchuk V, Grimm V. Honey bee colony performance affected by crop diversity and farmland structure: a modeling framework. Ecol Appl 2021; 31:e02216. [PMID: 32810342 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Forage availability has been suggested as one driver of the observed decline in honey bees. However, little is known about the effects of its spatiotemporal variation on colony success. We present a modeling framework for assessing honey bee colony viability in cropping systems. Based on two real farmland structures, we developed a landscape generator to design cropping systems varying in crop species identity, diversity, and relative abundance. The landscape scenarios generated were evaluated using the existing honey bee colony model BEEHAVE, which links foraging to in-hive dynamics. We thereby explored how different cropping systems determine spatiotemporal forage availability and, in turn, honey bee colony viability (e.g., time to extinction, TTE) and resilience (indicated by, e.g., brood mortality). To assess overall colony viability, we developed metrics, PH and PP, which quantified how much nectar and pollen provided by a cropping system per year was converted into a colony's adult worker population. Both crop species identity and diversity determined the temporal continuity in nectar and pollen supply and thus colony viability. Overall farmland structure and relative crop abundance were less important, but details mattered. For monocultures and for four-crop species systems composed of cereals, oilseed rape, maize, and sunflower, PH and PP were below the viability threshold. Such cropping systems showed frequent, badly timed, and prolonged forage gaps leading to detrimental cascading effects on life stages and in-hive work force, which critically reduced colony resilience. Four-crop systems composed of rye-grass-dandelion pasture, trefoil-grass pasture, sunflower, and phacelia ensured continuous nectar and pollen supply resulting in TTE > 5 yr, and PH (269.5 kg) and PP (108 kg) being above viability thresholds for 5 yr. Overall, trefoil-grass pasture, oilseed rape, buckwheat, and phacelia improved the temporal continuity in forage supply and colony's viability. Our results are hypothetical as they are obtained from simplified landscape settings, but they nevertheless match empirical observations, in particular the viability threshold. Our framework can be used to assess the effects of cropping systems on honey bee viability and to develop land-use strategies that help maintain pollination services by avoiding prolonged and badly timed forage gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Horn
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Matthias A Becher
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Karin Johst
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Peter J Kennedy
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Juliet L Osborne
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Viktoriia Radchuk
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW) in the Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V., Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, Berlin, 10315, Germany
| | - Volker Grimm
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, Potsdam, 14476, Germany
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13
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Chen G, Wu Y, Deng J, Wen Z, Wang S, Chen Y, Hu F, Zheng H. Seasonal variation of viral infections between the eastern honey bee (Apis cerana) and the western honey bee ( Apis mellifera). Microbiologyopen 2021; 10:e1162. [PMID: 33650796 PMCID: PMC7862873 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
It is a widespread practice in China to keep colonies of both the western honey bee, Apis mellifera, and the eastern honey bee, Apis cerana, in close proximity. However, this practice increases opportunities for spillover of parasites and pathogens between the two host bee species, impacting spatial and temporal patterns in the occurrence and prevalence of the viruses that adversely affect bee health. We conducted a 1-year large-scale survey to assess the current status of viral infection in both A. mellifera and A. cerana in China. Our study focused on multiple aspects of viral infections in honey bees, including infection rate, viral load, seasonal variation, regional variation, and phylogenetic relationships of the viruses within the same species found in this study and other parts of the world. The survey showed that the black queen cell virus (BQCV), deformed wing virus (DWV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), and sacbrood virus (SBV) were common in both A. mellifera and A. cerana, and infection dynamics of BQCV, DWV, and SBV between bee species or seasons were significantly different. DWV was the most common virus in A. mellifera, and its infection rate and load in A. mellifera were higher than those in A. cerana, which reflects the high susceptibility of A. mellifera to Varroa destructor infestation. The infection rate and viral load of SBV were higher in A. cerana than in A. mellifera, indicating that SBV poses a greater threat to A. cerana than to A. mellifera. Our results also suggested that there was no geographical variation in viral dynamics in A. mellifera and A. cerana. Phylogenetic analyses of BQCV, DWV, IAPV, and SBV suggested the cross-regional and cross-species spread of these viruses. This study provides important insights into the complex relationships between viruses and their hosts in different seasons and regions, which will be important for developing effective disease management strategies to improve bee health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongwen Chen
- College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yuqi Wu
- College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jie Deng
- College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zhengsheng Wen
- College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | | | - Fuliang Hu
- College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Huoqing Zheng
- College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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14
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Cornelissen B, Neumann P, Schweiger O. Global warming promotes biological invasion of a honey bee pest. Glob Chang Biol 2019; 25:3642-3655. [PMID: 31394018 PMCID: PMC6856679 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and biological invasions are two major global environmental challenges. Both may interact, e.g. via altered impact and distribution of invasive alien species. Even though invasive species play a key role for compromising the health of honey bees, the impact of climate change on the severity of such species is still unknown. The small hive beetle (SHB, Aethina tumida, Murray) is a parasite of honey bee colonies. It is endemic to sub-Saharan Africa and has established populations on all continents except Antarctica. Since SHBs pupate in soil, pupation performance is governed foremost by two abiotic factors, soil temperature and moisture, which will be affected by climate change. Here, we investigated SHB invasion risk globally under current and future climate scenarios. We modelled survival and development time during pupation (=pupal performance) in response to soil temperature and soil moisture using published and novel experimental data. Presence data on SHB distribution were used for model validation. We then linked the model with global soil data in order to classify areas (resolution: 10 arcmin; i.e. 18.6 km at the equator) as unsuitable, marginal and suitable for SHB pupation performance. Under the current climate, the results show that many areas globally yet uninvaded are actually suitable, suggesting considerable SHB invasion risk. Future scenarios of global warming project a vehement increase in climatic suitability for SHB and corresponding potential for invasion, especially in the temperate regions of the Northern hemisphere, thereby creating demand for enhanced and adapted mitigation and management. Our analysis shows, for the first time, effects of global warming on a honey bee pest and will help areas at risk to prepare adequately. In conclusion, this is a clear case for global warming promoting biological invasion of a pest species with severe potential to harm important pollinator species globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram Cornelissen
- bees@wur, Wageningen Plant ResearchWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Peter Neumann
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Oliver Schweiger
- Department of Community EcologyUFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchHalle (Saale)Germany
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15
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Abstract
Gut microbiota research is an emerging field that improves our understanding of the ecological and functional dynamics of gut environments. The honey bee gut microbiota is a highly rewarding community to study, as honey bees are critical pollinators of many crops for human consumption and produce valuable commodities such as honey and wax. Most significantly, unique characteristics of the Apis mellifera gut habitat make it a valuable model system. This review discusses methods and pipelines used in the study of the gut microbiota of Ap. mellifera and closely related species for four main purposes: identifying microbiota taxonomy, characterizing microbiota genomes (microbiome), characterizing microbiota-microbiota interactions and identifying functions of the microbial community in the gut. The purpose of this contribution is to increase understanding of honey bee gut microbiota, to facilitate bee microbiota and microbiome research in general and to aid design of future experiments in this growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Romero
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Nastasa
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Chapman
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - W K Kwong
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - L J Foster
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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16
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Eliash N, Thangarajan S, Goldenberg I, Sela N, Kupervaser M, Barlev J, Altman Y, Knyazer A, Kamer Y, Zaidman I, Rafaeli A, Soroker V. Varroa chemosensory proteins: some are conserved across Arthropoda but others are arachnid specific. Insect Mol Biol 2019; 28:321-341. [PMID: 30444567 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The tight synchronization between the life cycle of the obligatory parasitic mite Varroa destructor (Varroa) and its host, the honeybee, is mediated by honeybee chemical stimuli. These stimuli are mainly perceived by a pit organ located on the distal part of the mite's foreleg. In the present study, we searched for Varroa chemosensory molecular components by comparing transcriptomic and proteomic profiles between forelegs from different physiological stages, and rear legs. In general, a comparative transcriptomic analysis showed a clear separation of the expression profiles between the rear legs and the three groups of forelegs (phoretic, reproductive and tray-collected mites). Most of the differentially expressed transcripts and proteins in the mite's foreleg were previously uncharacterized. Using a conserved domain approach, we identified 45 transcripts with known chemosensory domains belonging to seven chemosensory protein families, of which 14 were significantly upregulated in the mite's forelegs when compared to rear legs. These are soluble and membrane bound proteins, including the somewhat ignored receptors of degenerin/epithelial Na+ channels and transient receptor potentials. Phylogenetic clustering and expression profiles of the putative chemosensory proteins suggest their role in chemosensation and shed light on the evolution of these proteins in Chelicerata.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Eliash
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Institute of Agroecology and Plant Health, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - S Thangarajan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - I Goldenberg
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - N Sela
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - M Kupervaser
- The De Botton Protein Profiling institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - J Barlev
- The De Botton Protein Profiling institute of the Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Y Altman
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - A Knyazer
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Y Kamer
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - I Zaidman
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - A Rafaeli
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - V Soroker
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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17
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Aslan CE, Shiels AB, Haines W, Liang CT. Non-native insects dominate daytime pollination in a high-elevation Hawaiian dryland ecosystem. Am J Bot 2019; 106:313-324. [PMID: 30768870 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Over one-third of the native flowering plant species in the Hawaiian Islands are listed as federally threatened or endangered. Lack of sufficient pollination could contribute to reductions in populations, reproduction, and genetic diversity among these species but has been little studied. METHODS We used systematic observations and manual flower treatments to quantify flower visitation and outcrossing dependency of eight native (including four endangered) plant species in a dryland ecosystem in Hawaii: Argemone glauca, Bidens menziesii, Dubautia linearis, Haplostachys haplostachya, Sida fallax, Silene lanceolata, Stenogyne angustifolia, and Tetramolopium arenarium. KEY RESULTS During 576.36 h of flower observations, only insects visited the flowers. Out of all recorded flower visits, 85% were performed by non-native species, particularly the honeybee (Apis mellifera) and flies in the family Syrphidae. Some plant species received little visitation (e.g., S. angustifolia received one visit in 120 h of observation), whereas others were visited by a wide diversity of insects. The endangered plant species were visited by fewer visitor taxa than were the common native plant species. For six of the focal plant species, bagging of flowers to exclude pollinators resulted in significant reductions in seed set. CONCLUSIONS The flower visitor community in this system, although heavily dominated by non-native insects, appears to be facilitating pollination for multiple plant species. Non-native insects may thus be sustaining biotic interactions otherwise threatened with disruption in this island ecosystem. This may be particularly important for the studied endangered plant species, which exhibit fewer partners than the more common plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare E Aslan
- Landscape Conservation Initiative, Northern Arizona University, and Conservation Science Partners, Flagstaff, Arizona, 86011, USA
| | - Aaron B Shiels
- National Wildlife Research Center, USDA, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80521, USA
| | - William Haines
- Center for Conservation Research and Training, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96822, USA
| | - Christina T Liang
- Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, Hawaii, 96720, USA
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18
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Galang KC, Croft JR, Thompson GJ, Percival-Smith A. Analysis of the Drosophila melanogaster anti-ovarian response to honey bee queen mandibular pheromone. Insect Mol Biol 2019; 28:99-111. [PMID: 30159981 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Queen mandibular pheromone (QMP) is a potent reproductive signal to which honey bee workers respond by suppressing their ovaries and adopting alloparental roles within the colony. This anti-ovarian effect of QMP on workers can, surprisingly, be induced in other insects, including fruit flies, in which females exposed to synthetic QMP develop smaller ovaries with fewer eggs. In this study, we use the Drosophila melanogaster model to identify the components of synthetic QMP required for the anti-ovarian effect. We found that virgin females respond strongly to 9-oxo-2-decenoic acid and 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10HDA), suggesting that the decenoic acid components of QMP are essential for the anti-ovarian response. Further, a nuclear factor of activated T-cells reporter system revealed neurones expressing the olfactory receptors Or-56a, Or-49b and Or-98a are activated by QMP in the antenna. In addition, we used olfactory receptor GAL4 drivers and a neuronal activator (a neuronal activating bacterial sodium channel) to test whether the candidate neurones are potential labelled lines for a decenoic acid response. We identified Or-49b as a potential candidate receiver of the 10HDA signal. Finally, the anti-ovarian response to synthetic QMP is not mediated by decreasing the titre of the reproductive hormones ecdysone and juvenile hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Galang
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - J R Croft
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - G J Thompson
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - A Percival-Smith
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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19
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Johnson AL, Ashman TL. Consequences of invasion for pollen transfer and pollination revealed in a tropical island ecosystem. New Phytol 2019; 221:142-154. [PMID: 30084201 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pollination is known to be sensitive to environmental change but we lack direct estimates of how quantity and quality of pollen transferred between plant species shifts along disturbance gradients. This limits our understanding of how species compositional change impacts pollen receipt per species and structure of pollen transfer networks. We constructed pollen transfer networks along a plant invasion gradient in the Hawaiian dry tropical forest ecosystem. Flowers and stigmas were collected from both native and introduced plants, pollen was identified and enumerated and floral traits were measured. We also characterized pollen loads carried by individuals of the dominant invasive pollinator, Apis mellifera. Species flowering in native-dominated sites were more tightly connected by pollen transfer than those in heavily invaded sites. Compositional turnover in the pollen loads of A. mellifera was correlated (70%) with turnover in the composition of pollen transfer networks. Floral traits predicted species roles within pollen transfer networks, but many of these differed qualitatively depending on whether plants were native or introduced. Our work indicates that pollen transfer networks change with invasion. Floral morphology and foraging behaviour of the introduced super-generalist pollinator are implicated as key in determining the roles introduced species play within native pollen transfer networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Tia-Lynn Ashman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
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20
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Rering CC, Beck JJ, Hall GW, McCartney MM, Vannette RL. Nectar-inhabiting microorganisms influence nectar volatile composition and attractiveness to a generalist pollinator. New Phytol 2018; 220:750-759. [PMID: 28960308 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The plant microbiome can influence plant phenotype in diverse ways, yet microbial contribution to plant volatile phenotype remains poorly understood. We examine the presence of fungi and bacteria in the nectar of a coflowering plant community, characterize the volatiles produced by common nectar microbes and examine their influence on pollinator preference. Nectar was sampled for the presence of nectar-inhabiting microbes. We characterized the headspace of four common fungi and bacteria in a nectar analog. We examined electrophysiological and behavioral responses of honey bees to microbial volatiles. Floral headspace samples collected in the field were surveyed for the presence of microbial volatiles. Microbes commonly inhabit floral nectar and the common species differ in volatile profiles. Honey bees detected most microbial volatiles tested and distinguished among solutions based on volatiles only. Floral headspace samples contained microbial-associated volatiles, with 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and 2-nonanone - both detected by bees - more often detected when fungi were abundant. Nectar-inhabiting microorganisms produce volatile compounds, which can differentially affect honey bee preference. The yeast Metschnikowia reukaufii produced distinctive compounds and was the most attractive of all microbes compared. The variable presence of microbes may provide volatile cues that influence plant-pollinator interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin C Rering
- Chemistry Research Unit, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1700 SW 23rd Dr., Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - John J Beck
- Chemistry Research Unit, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1700 SW 23rd Dr., Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Griffin W Hall
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Mitchell M McCartney
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Rachel L Vannette
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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