1
|
Almousa M, Aljomaa M, Hamey S, Alasmar D. Documentation of a novel FBP1 gene mutation in the Arabian ethnicity: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2024; 18:166. [PMID: 38589931 PMCID: PMC11002998 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-024-04448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by impaired gluconeogenesis. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1) mutations demonstrate ethnic patterns. For instance, Turkish populations commonly harbor exon 2 deletions. We present a case report of whole exon 2 deletion in a Syrian Arabian child as the first recording of this mutation among Arabian ethnicity and the first report of FBP1 gene mutation in Syria. CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of a 2.5-year-old Syrian Arab child with recurrent hypoglycemic episodes, accompanied by nausea and lethargy. The patient's history, physical examination, and laboratory findings raised suspicion of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency. Whole exome sequencing was performed, revealing a homozygous deletion of exon 2 in the FBP1 gene, confirming the diagnosis. CONCLUSION This case highlights a potential novel mutation in the Arab population; this mutation is well described in the Turkish population, which suggests potential shared mutations due to ancestral relationships between the two ethnicities. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Aljomaa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aleppo University Hospital, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Shekhey Hamey
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Diana Alasmar
- Department of Pediatrics, University Children Hospital, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aamer W, Al-Maraghi A, Syed N, Gandhi GD, Aliyev E, Al-Kurbi AA, Al-Saei O, Kohailan M, Krishnamoorthy N, Palaniswamy S, Al-Malki K, Abbasi S, Agrebi N, Abbaszadeh F, Akil ASAS, Badii R, Ben-Omran T, Lo B, Mokrab Y, Fakhro KA. Burden of Mendelian disorders in a large Middle Eastern biobank. Genome Med 2024; 16:46. [PMID: 38584274 PMCID: PMC11000384 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-024-01307-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome sequencing of large biobanks from under-represented ancestries provides a valuable resource for the interrogation of Mendelian disease burden at world population level, complementing small-scale familial studies. METHODS Here, we interrogate 6045 whole genomes from Qatar-a Middle Eastern population with high consanguinity and understudied mutational burden-enrolled at the national Biobank and phenotyped for 58 clinically-relevant quantitative traits. We examine a curated set of 2648 Mendelian genes from 20 panels, annotating known and novel pathogenic variants and assessing their penetrance and impact on the measured traits. RESULTS We find that 62.5% of participants are carriers of at least 1 known pathogenic variant relating to recessive conditions, with homozygosity observed in 1 in 150 subjects (0.6%) for which Peninsular Arabs are particularly enriched versus other ancestries (5.8-fold). On average, 52.3 loss-of-function variants were found per genome, 6.5 of which affect a known Mendelian gene. Several variants annotated in ClinVar/HGMD as pathogenic appeared at intermediate frequencies in this cohort (1-3%), highlighting Arab founder effect, while others have exceedingly high frequencies (> 5%) prompting reconsideration as benign. Furthermore, cumulative gene burden analysis revealed 56 genes having gene carrier frequency > 1/50, including 5 ACMG Tier 3 panel genes which would be candidates for adding to newborn screening in the country. Additionally, leveraging 58 biobank traits, we systematically assess the impact of novel/rare variants on phenotypes and discover 39 candidate large-effect variants associating with extreme quantitative traits. Furthermore, through rare variant burden testing, we discover 13 genes with high mutational load, including 5 with impact on traits relevant to disease conditions, including metabolic disorder and type 2 diabetes, consistent with the high prevalence of these conditions in the region. CONCLUSIONS This study on the first phase of the growing Qatar Genome Program cohort provides a comprehensive resource from a Middle Eastern population to understand the global mutational burden in Mendelian genes and their impact on traits in seemingly healthy individuals in high consanguinity settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Aamer
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Najeeb Syed
- Applied Bioinformatics Core, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Elbay Aliyev
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Omayma Al-Saei
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | - Saleha Abbasi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nourhen Agrebi
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Ramin Badii
- Diagnostic Genomic Division, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tawfeg Ben-Omran
- Section of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of pediatrics, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Pediatric, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
- Division of Genetic & Genomics Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Bernice Lo
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Younes Mokrab
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
- College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Khalid A Fakhro
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adler L, Cohen B, Shapiro Ben Daviv S, Liran O, Rahamim-Cohen D, Nakhleh A, Shahar A, Azuri J. Use of prescription opioids in Israel and socio-economic correlations between 2010 and 2020. Isr J Health Policy Res 2024; 13:12. [PMID: 38449021 PMCID: PMC10918956 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-024-00598-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of opioids has increased dramatically over the past several years in Israel. The aim of this study was to explore the trends of opioid consumption in Israel over a decade (2010-2020) stratified by socioeconomic status (SES), residence in the periphery, and ethnic background. METHODS This cross-sectional study included all adult Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS) patients who filled at least one prescription for opioids during the past decade. In order to standardize dosages and compare different opioid medications, we used the Morphine Milligram Equivalent (MME) conversion factor. We performed The Mann-Kendall test with autocorrelation correction to assess each trend. We then checked the differences between the trends with the Mann-Whitney test (for periphery) and the Kruskal Wallis (for SES and ethnic background). RESULTS Between the years 2010-2020, 261,270 MHS members met the study's inclusion criteria. The proportions of opioids consumption were 23.9/1000 patients in 2010 and 27.6/1000 patients in 2020, representing a 15% increase. The average daily consumption of opioids was 4.6 and 10.5 MME in 2010 and 2020, respectively, an increase of 227%. The daily MME during 2020 was higher for residents of the periphery compared to non-periphery residents (daily MME of 14.0 compared to 10.1, respectively). Average daily MME increased gradually during the study period for all levels of SES; the values were highest for the low SES group and the lowest for the high SES group (daily MME in 2020 for the lowest, middle, and high SES groups were 15.2 vs. 11.8 vs. 6.7 respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights that the primary concern in the increase of opioid use is the increasing dosages. The increase in the number of patients using opioids is also significant but to a minor extent. These phenomena disproportionately impact vulnerable populations. Education programs should be offered to physicians regarding the possible harms of long-term use of opioids. These programs should emphasize the risk factors associated with the development of opioid use disorder (OUD) and the caution needed when increasing dosages or switching to higher-potency drugs. Pain clinics and centers for rehabilitation for patients with chronic pain or OUD should be available, not only in central areas but also in the periphery of the country. These clinics and centers should use a holistic approach and a multidisciplinary team that includes specialists in pain and addiction. They should be financially accessible for patients from low SES group and provide solutions in multiple languages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limor Adler
- Health Division, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Bar Cohen
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Shirley Shapiro Ben Daviv
- Health Division, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ori Liran
- Health Division, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Afif Nakhleh
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Clinic, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Haifa, Israel
- Institute of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Arnon Shahar
- Health Division, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Joseph Azuri
- Health Division, Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alarifi S, Denne L, Alatifi N, Hastings RP. Interventions addressing challenging behaviours in Arab children and adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: A systematic review. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil 2024; 37:e13205. [PMID: 38343329 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arabs with intellectual disabilities and/or autism may exhibit challenging behaviour that affects them and their caregivers. Early, appropriate intervention may reduce these effects. This review synthesised and critically appraised challenging behaviour intervention research for this population. METHODS All published empirical research on challenging behaviour interventions for Arabs with intellectual disabilities and/or autism was included. In September 2022, 15 English and Arabic databases yielded 5282 search records. Studies were appraised using the MMAT. Review findings were narratively synthesised. RESULTS The 79 included studies (n = 1243 participants) varied in design, intervention, and evaluation method. Only 12.6% of interventions were well-designed and reported. Arab interventions primarily targeted children, were applied collectively on small samples, lacked individualised assessment, and were based on an inconsistent understanding of challenging behaviour. CONCLUSION The evidence base on interventions for Arabs with intellectual disabilities and/or autism and challenging behaviour needs strengthening. Attention should be given to culturally relevant adaptations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahad Alarifi
- Centre for Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Special Education Department, College of Education, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Louise Denne
- Centre for Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Nouf Alatifi
- Centre for Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Richard P Hastings
- Centre for Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salih MA. The Meryon Lecture at the 24th annual meeting of the Meryon Society, St. Anne's College, Oxford, UK, 15th July 2022: Neuromuscular diseases in the Arab population. Neuromuscul Disord 2023; 33:792-799. [PMID: 37679229 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa A Salih
- Consultant Pediatric Neurologist, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Al-Jumaan M, Chu H, Alsulaiman A, Camp SY, Han S, Gillani R, Al Marzooq Y, Almulhim F, Vatte C, Al Nemer A, Almuhanna A, Van Allen EM, Al-Ali A, AlDubayan SH. Interplay of Mendelian and polygenic risk factors in Arab breast cancer patients. Genome Med 2023; 15:65. [PMID: 37658461 PMCID: PMC10474689 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer patients from the indigenous Arab population present much earlier than patients from Western countries and have traditionally been underrepresented in cancer genomics studies. The contribution of polygenic and Mendelian risk toward the earlier onset of breast cancer in the population remains elusive. METHODS We performed low-pass whole genome sequencing (lpWGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) from 220 female breast cancer patients unselected for positive family history from the indigenous Arab population. Using publicly available resources, we imputed population-specific variants and calculated breast cancer burden-sensitive polygenic risk scores (PRS). Variant pathogenicity was also evaluated on exome variants with high coverage. RESULTS Variants imputed from lpWGS showed high concordance with paired exome (median dosage correlation: 0.9459, Interquartile range: 0.9410-0.9490). After adjusting the PRS to the Arab population, we found significant associations between PRS performance in risk prediction and first-degree relative breast cancer history prediction (Spearman rho=0.43, p = 0.03), where breast cancer patients in the top PRS decile are 5.53 (95% CI 1.76-17.97, p = 0.003) times more likely also to have a first-degree relative diagnosed with breast cancer compared to those in the middle deciles. In addition, we found evidence for the genetic liability threshold model of breast cancer where among patients with a family history of breast cancer, pathogenic rare variant carriers had significantly lower PRS than non-carriers (p = 0.0205, Mann-Whitney U test) while for non-carriers every standard deviation increase in PRS corresponded to 4.52 years (95% CI 8.88-0.17, p = 0.042) earlier age of presentation. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study provides a framework to assess polygenic risk in an understudied population using lpWGS and identifies common variant risk as a factor independent of pathogenic variant carrier status for earlier age of onset of breast cancer among indigenous Arab breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Jumaan
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hoyin Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Abdullah Alsulaiman
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabrina Y Camp
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Seunghun Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Riaz Gillani
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yousef Al Marzooq
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah Almulhim
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chittibabu Vatte
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej Al Nemer
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Almuhanna
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eliezer M Van Allen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Cancer Genomics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Amein Al-Ali
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud H AlDubayan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cancer Program, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alsulaiman A, Chu H, Al-Jumaan M, Alyahya M, Marzooq YA, Almulhim F, Vatte C, Alnimer A, Almuhanna A, Al-Ali A, AlDubayan SH. Profiling of pharmacogenomic variants in CYP2D6 and DPYD in indigenous Arab breast cancer patients. Pharmacogenomics 2023. [PMID: 37222147 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2023-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The indigenous Arab population is underrepresented in genomic studies and the landscape of actionable pharmacogenomic variants among Arab breast cancer patients remains unclear. Materials & methods: Exome sequencing was performed on 220 unselected Arab female breast cancer patients and germline variants in CYP2D6 and DPYD were profiled using a deep learning method. Results: In total, 13 (5.9%) patients had clinically actionable results and 56 (25.5%) carried an allele in DYPD or CYP2D6 with unknown impact on drug metabolism. In addition, four unique novel missense variants were discovered, including one in CYP2D6 (p.Arg64Leu) with high predicted pathogenicity. Conclusion: A nontrivial subset of Arab breast cancer patients can potentially benefit from pretreatment molecular profiling, and further study is needed to improve characterization of the pharmacogenomic landscape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alsulaiman
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hoyin Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mohammed Al-Jumaan
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alyahya
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Al Marzooq
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah Almulhim
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chittibabu Vatte
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej Alnimer
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Almuhanna
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amein Al-Ali
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud H AlDubayan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Penn N, Laron M. Use and barriers to the use of telehealth services in the Arab population in Israel: a cross sectional survey. Isr J Health Policy Res 2023; 12:21. [PMID: 37221598 DOI: 10.1186/s13584-023-00569-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies conducted in Israel and in other countries show that minority populations typically underuse telehealth services notwithstanding the advantages inherent in the use of these services. The goal of this study was to examine telehealth use patterns and the barriers to the use of telehealth services in the Arab population in Israel, which is a culturally and ethnically varied minority population with a unique language and culture. METHODS A telephone survey was conducted among a representative sample of the adult Arab population in Israel from October 29 to November 4, 2020. Of the randomly sampled 1,192 adult Israeli Arabs 501 participants responded to the entire questionnaire, representing a response rate of 42%. RESULTS The study found that the majority of the adult Arab population in Israel faced no technology or Internet accessibility barriers. Thus, the majority of adult Israeli Arabs (87%) use the Internet on a daily basis and have smartphones (96%) and an Internet connection (93%). However, although they have high technology and Internet accessibility, their use of telehealth services is mostly a telephone appointment with a doctor (66%). At the same time, significantly lower use rates were found with regard to advanced telehealth services delivered through the Internet, e.g., consultation with a health care provider by email or chat (34%) or video chat (8%) and ordering of medications (14%). It was found that Arab Christians are more likely to use digital services than Arab Muslims, even when background characteristics are statistically controlled. Lack of awareness was found to be the major barrier to the use of telehealth services, specifically advanced services such as ordering of medications (23%) and video medical consultation (15%). A high rate of women cited the unmet need for the discreet provision of telehealth services as a barrier to their use of the services. It was also found that the majority of the adult Arab population had no objection in principle to the use of email or chat (75%) or video chat (51%) for consultation with a health care provider. It was further found that facilitating factors promoting the use of telehealth services include previous acquaintance with the health care provider, a stable internet infrastructure, the provision of the services in the Arabis language, guidance in the use of the service, a recommendation by a health care provider, and the participation of a family member in the online medical consultation. CONCLUSIONS The study findings highlight the need for the provision of accessible and customized telehealth services for minority populations. Whether delivered over the phone or through the Internet, the services have to be culturally (for Muslims and Christians) and linguistically (Arabic) adapted, guidance in the use of the services should be provided, and service marketing should be tailored to the target minority population. Specific solutions should be developed for the discreet provision of telehealth services for women, maintaining their privacy in online consultation with a health care provider, while the option of having a family member participate in the online medical consultation should be clearly indicated. In addition, awareness of telehealth services should be enhanced through promotional activities culturally adapted to the Arab society, for instance, through recommendation by the family doctor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadav Penn
- Health Policy Team, The Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute, JDC Hill, POB 3886, 9103702, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michal Laron
- Health Policy Team, The Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute, JDC Hill, POB 3886, 9103702, Jerusalem, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mohammed AH, Hassan BAR, Wayyes AM, Al-Tukmagi HF, Blebil A, Dujaili J, Nasr MH, El Hajj MS, Malaeb D, Alhija SA, Kateeb E, Amro A, Al-Taweel D, Al Juma MA, Al-Ani OA, Farhan SS, Darwish RM, Al-Zaabi AT. Exploring the quality of life of cosmetic users: A cross-sectional analysis from eight Arab countries in the Middle East. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:296-305. [PMID: 35567513 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of cosmetic products is growing in dominance in the Arab population, making it essential to measure its effects on users. The production of cosmetics has been largely driven by consumerism and a bid to keep abreast with the latest trends in the beauty industry with less attention on how the users' quality of life (QoL) is affected. AIMS This study aims to investigate the effect of cosmetic products on users' quality of life in eight Arab countries. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out using an online data collection approach. A validated and specialist instrument tool called BeautyQoL, which consists of five domains and a total of 52 questions, was distributed to a sample of 2219 cosmetic users. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was done using SPSS® version 26.0. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 34 ± 11.25 years, and more women were represented in the sample (71%) than men. The majority of respondents had oily skin type (39.6%) and tan skin tone (30.4%). QoL through cosmetic use is computed with a mean score of 51 out of 100. The users' mean score satisfaction from cosmetic use is centred on attractiveness (56.1), followed by self-confidence (51.8). Cosmetics have a statistically significant effect on participants who are young adults, women, single, and employed with high income. As the respondents' skin tone deepens from very fair to dark, the mean score for each domain significantly increases, whereas when skin type changes from very oily to dry, the mean score for each domain decreases. CONCLUSION The effect of cosmetics on the users' QoL is limited, contrary to the narrative commonly portrayed in cosmetics' advertisements. Therefore, the use of cosmetics among the Arab population should be from an informed perspective of their specific needs instead of conforming to the viral trends pedaled by influencers and bloggers on social media, which might be irrelevant for them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Haider Mohammed
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | | | - Haydar F Al-Tukmagi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Baghdad College of Medical Sciences, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali Blebil
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Juman Dujaili
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Muhammed Hassan Nasr
- Head of Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences and Nursing, Al-Rayan Colleges, Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maguy Saffouh El Hajj
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Practice, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Diana Malaeb
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sara Abu Alhija
- The national project for vaccination & Epidemiological Investigation of Coronavirus (Covid), Amman, Jordan
| | - Elham Kateeb
- Oral Health Research and Promotion Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Ahmad Amro
- Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Dalal Al-Taweel
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Muna Arif Al Juma
- Head of Pharmacy Department, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | | | - Sinan Subhi Farhan
- Department of Anesthesia, College of Medical Science Technology, University of Mashreq, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Rula M Darwish
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alsharif SH, AlGhamdi KM. Evaluation of Scalp Hair Density and Diameter in the Arab Population: Clinical Office-Based Phototrichogram Analysis. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:2737-2743. [PMID: 36545499 PMCID: PMC9762255 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s394045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Knowing normal values of scalp hair thickness and density is beneficial for diagnosing hair disorders, monitoring responses to therapy, performing hair transplants, and conducting relevant research. Such normal values have not yet been studied for Arabs. Objective To assess the hair density and diameter of the Arab population at different scalp sites using phototrichogram. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed at King Saud University Medical City from December 2021 to August 2022. The study was conducted on Arab adults who were not suffering from any hair disorder. The study was conducted using a questionnaire and clinical examination by phototrichogram. Results A total of 120 participants were enrolled in this study. The mean hair density was 147.1± 7.8 hairs/cm2, and the mean hair diameter was 87±4.9 μm. There were significant differences between hair density (P=0.0001) and diameter (P=0.0001) in different regions of the scalp. Females had higher hair density than males at occiput (P=0.038). Conclusion Arab hair has a higher thickness and lower density than hair of other ethnicities. This needs to be considered when diagnosing and/or treating hair problems in Arabs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Hasan Alsharif
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M AlGhamdi
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Vitiligo Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Correspondence: Khalid M AlGhamdi, Department of Dermatology, Vitiligo Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 240997, Riyadh, 11322, Saudi Arabia, Email
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
ElHajj Chehadeh S, Sayed NS, Abdelsamad HS, Almahmeed W, Khandoker AH, Jelinek HF, Alsafar HS. Genetic Variants and Their Associations to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complications in the United Arab Emirates. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 12:751885. [PMID: 35069435 PMCID: PMC8772337 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.751885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with microvascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic nephropathy (DNp), and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). In this study, we investigated genetic variations and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with DR, DNp, DPN and their combinations among T2DM patients of Arab origin from the United Arab Emirates, to establish the role of genes in the progression of microvascular diabetes complications. Methods A total of 158 Emirati patients with T2DM were recruited in this study. The study population was divided into 8 groups based on the presence of single, dual, or all three complications. SNPs were selected for association analyses through a search of publicly available databases, specifically genome-wide association study (GWAS) catalog, infinome genome interpretation platform, and GWAS Central database. A multivariate logistic regression analysis and association test were performed to evaluate the association between 83 SNPs and DR, DNp, DPN, and their combinations. Results Eighty-three SNPs were identified as being associated with T2DM and 18 SNPs had significant associations to one or more diabetes complications. The most strongly significant association for DR was rs3024997 SNP in the VEGFA gene. The top-ranked SNP for DPN was rs4496877 in the NOS3 gene. A trend towards association was detected at rs833068 and rs3024998 in the VEGFA gene with DR and rs743507 and rs1808593 in the NOS3 gene with DNp. For dual complications, the rs833061, rs833068 and rs3024997 in the VEGFA gene and the rs4149263 SNP in the ABCA1 gene were also with borderline association with DR/DNp and DPN/DNp, respectively. Diabetic with all of the complications was significantly associated with rs2230806 in the ABCA1 gene. In addition, the highly associated SNPs rs3024997 of the VEGFA gene and rs4496877 of the NOS3 gene were linked to DR and DPN after adjusting for the effects of other associated markers, respectively. Conclusions The present study reports associations of different genetic polymorphisms with microvascular complications and their combinations in Emirati T2DM patients, reporting new associations, and corroborating previous findings. Of interest is that some SNPs/genes were only present if multiple comorbidities were present and not associated with any single complication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Noura S. Sayed
- Khalifa University Center of Biotechnology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hanin S. Abdelsamad
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael Almahmeed
- Institute of Cardiac Science, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahsan H. Khandoker
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Herbert F. Jelinek
- Khalifa University Center of Biotechnology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Habiba S. Alsafar
- Khalifa University Center of Biotechnology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Garcia-Cañibano B, Ouanes S, Ganesan GS, Yousuf W, Humos B, Baig T, Ibrahim F, Singh R, Deleu D. Real-world experience of ocrelizumab in multiple sclerosis in an Arab population. J Drug Assess 2021; 10:106-113. [PMID: 34692185 PMCID: PMC8530478 DOI: 10.1080/21556660.2021.1989193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Pivotal clinical trials revealed good clinical efficiency of ocrelizumab while having a good safety profile in the management of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, real-world data of ocrelizumab in daily clinical practice remain scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preliminary safety profile and effectiveness of ocrelizumab treatment for MS in an Arab population in a real-world clinical setting. Methods In this retrospective single-center observational study in Qatar, we reviewed the medical records and analyzed the clinical and MRI data of all patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and active secondary progressive MS (aSPMS)—between October 2017 through December 2020—who had received at least one infusion of ocrelizumab (Q-OCRE). Results A total of 60 MS patients were included (57 with RRMS, three SPMS). The Median follow-up period was 19 months (range, 1–32). The most common reason for switching to ocrelizumab was increased disease activity and three-quarters of the patients were on a previous disease-modifying drug (DMD). No evidence of disease activity (NEDA) status at year 1 was achieved in 73% of the cohort. Mild infusion-related reactions (IRR) and infections were reported (mainly upper respiratory tract infections followed by urinary tract infection) with a declining percentage over the follow-up applications. No severe side effects were observed. Conclusion Our real-world experience confirms good efficacy, tolerability, and safety of ocrelizumab in our Arab population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Garcia-Cañibano
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sami Ouanes
- Department of Psychiatry, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | - Faiza Ibrahim
- Clinical Services Unit, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rajvir Singh
- Cardiology Research Center, Heart Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dirk Deleu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alanbaei M, Abu-Farha M, Hebbar P, Melhem M, Chandy BS, Anoop E, Cherian P, Al-Khairi I, Alkayal F, Al-Mulla F, Abubaker J, Thanaraj TA. ANGPTL3 Variants Associate with Lower Levels of Irisin and C-Peptide in a Cohort of Arab Individuals. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:755. [PMID: 34067751 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ANGPTL3 is an important regulator of lipid metabolism. Its inhibition in people with hypercholesteremia reduces plasma lipid levels dramatically. Genome-wide association studies have associated ANGPTL3 variants with lipid traits. Irisin, an exercise-modulated protein, has been associated with lipid metabolism. Intracellular accumulation of lipids impairs insulin action and contributes to metabolic disorders. In this study, we evaluate the impact of ANGPTL3 variants on levels of irisin and markers associated with lipid metabolism and insulin resistance. ANGPTL3 rs1748197 and rs12130333 variants were genotyped in a cohort of 278 Arab individuals from Kuwait. Levels of irisin and other metabolic markers were measured by ELISA. Significance of association signals was assessed using Bonferroni-corrected p-values and empirical p-values. The study variants were significantly associated with low levels of c-peptide and irisin. Levels of c-peptide and irisin were mediated by interaction between carrier genotypes (GA + AA) at rs1748197 and measures of IL13 and TG, respectively. While levels of c-peptide and IL13 were directly correlated in individuals with the reference genotype, they were inversely correlated in individuals with the carrier genotype. Irisin correlated positively with TG and was strong in individuals with carrier genotypes. These observations illustrate ANGPTL3 as a potential link connecting lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and cardioprotection.
Collapse
|
14
|
Al-Khatib SM, Abdo N, Al-Eitan LN, Al-Mistarehi AHW, Zahran DJ, Kewan TZ. LTA, LEP, and TNF-a Gene Polymorphisms are Associated with Susceptibility and Overall Survival of Diffuse Large B-Cell lymphoma in an Arab Population: A Case-Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:2783-2791. [PMID: 32986381 PMCID: PMC7779465 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.9.2783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between five selected proinflammatory and immune-mediated genes (TNF rs1800629G>A, rs361525G>A, rs1799964T>C, LTA rs1800683G>A, rs909253A>G, TNFAIP8 rs1042541C>T, LEPR rs1327118G>C, and LEP rs2167270G>A) and the risk and overall survival of DLBCL patients within the Jordanian Arab population. Methods: One hundred twenty-five patients (125) diagnosed with DLBCL at the King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) between 2013 and 2018 and 238 healthy cancer-free control subjects with similar geographic and ethnic backgrounds to the patients were included in the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of the subjects and from peripheral blood samples of the controls. The Sequenom MassARRAY® sequencer system (iPLEX GOLD) was used. The analyses included assessments of population variability and survival. Results: Our study showed significant differences in the distribution of the studied polymorphisms of DLBCL between the patients and controls for TNF rs1800629G>A, LTA rs909253 G>A and LEP rs2167270 G>A. TNF rs1800629G>A (p = 0.01), in which the G allele harbors a higher risk of DLBCL (GG and GA genotypes when compared with AA genotype) (p = 0.044). The LTA rs909253 A>G polymorphism is associated with a higher risk of DLBCL in the allelic model (p = .004). LEP rs2167270 G>A polymorphism is associated with a decreased risk of DLBCL in the recessive mode models (p = .03). Subjects with the dominant model for TNF-a rs1799964 (TT genotype in comparison with the combined TT/TC genotype) and patients with the homozygous genotype (GG) of rs361525 have better overall survival rates. Conclusion: Our results confirmed the diversity and the heterogeneity of the disease. Although the study has a limitation because of its relatively small size, it clearly emphasizes the significance of ancestry and genetic composition as the determinants of DLBCL risk and behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib M Al-Khatib
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nour Abdo
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Laith N Al-Eitan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdel-Hameed W Al-Mistarehi
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Deeb Jamil Zahran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tariq Zuheir Kewan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alboudi A, Hadid A, Ali AR, Alshaikh F, Aqleh H. Normative values of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) in an Arab population: Corrected for age, sex and education. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 44:102305. [PMID: 32570183 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with 43-70% of patients being affected. The international cognitive assessment for MS BICAMS is a new battery for cognitive assessment in MS patients. It was suggested in 2012 that international validation efforts be undertaken. Objective To utilize regression to provide normative values for the BICAMS while correcting for age, gender and education, as well as assess test-retest reliability, in an Arab population. Methods Healthy subjects were recruited from different areas in Dubai. Corrections for demographics were calculated using multiple linear regression. Test-retest reliability was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results Two hundred eighty-one healthy subjects were enrolled (174 women, mean age 30±10.3 years, mean education 17.8±3.7 years). Test re-test results showed significant correlation between baseline and retest scores. Regression-based equations were derived for the BICAMS. Conclusion This large-scale validation study provides evidence to support the facilitation of international implementation of the BICAMS assessment by focusing on the Arab population. Next steps include validation efforts in an Arab MS patient population to further support the use of the BICAMS in day to day practice and for longitudinal patient assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Alboudi
- Mercy Health Saint Mary, Grand Rapids, Michgan, US; Rashid hospital, Dubai, UAE.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Al-Khatib SM, Abdo N, Al-Eitan LN, Al-Mistarehi AHW, Zahran DJ, Al Ajlouni M, Kewan TZ. The Impact of the Genetic Polymorphism in DNA Repair Pathways on Increased Risk of Glioblastoma Multiforme in the Arab Jordanian Population: A Case-Control Study. Appl Clin Genet 2020; 13:115-126. [PMID: 32606887 PMCID: PMC7295542 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s248994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Among the Jordanian population, brain tumors are the tenth most common type of cancers in both males and females, comprising 2.8% of all newly diagnosed neoplasms. Diffuse gliomas are the most prevalent and the most aggressive primary brain tumors in adults. The incidence of diffuse gliomas varies among different populations; this variation is partially linked to genetic polymorphisms. The purpose of the study is to examine the association between (BRCA1 rs799917G>A, rs1799966T>C, EXO1 rs1047840G>A, EME1 rs12450550T>C, ERCC2 rs13181T>G, rs1799793C>T, and XRCC1 rs1799782G>A) DNA repair gene polymorphisms and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) susceptibility, and survival in the Jordanian Arab population. Methods Eighty-four patients diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme at the King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) between 2013 and 2018 and 225 healthy cancer-free control subjects with similar geographic and ethnic backgrounds to the patients were included in the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of the subjects. The Sequenom MassARRAY® sequencer system (iPLEX GOLD) was used. The analyses included assessments of population variability and survival. Results This study is the first to address the relationship between BRCA1 rs1799966 and rs799917 SNP, and the risk of GBM among the Arab Jordanian population. The findings of the study show that BRCA1 rs799917 is associated with decreased risk of GBM in the recessive model (AA vs G/G-A/G: OR, 0.46, 95% CI, 0.26-0.82, p=0.01) and the same SNP is associated with increased risk of GBM in the overdominant model (AG vs G/G-A/A: OR, 1.72, 95% CI, 1.02-2.89, p=0.04).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib M Al-Khatib
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nour Abdo
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Laith N Al-Eitan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdel-Hameed W Al-Mistarehi
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Deeb Jamil Zahran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Marwan Al Ajlouni
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tariq Zuheir Kewan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Al-Khatib SM, Abdo N, Al-Eitan LN, Al-Mistarehi AH, Zahran DJ, Kewan TZ. The Impact of IL-6 and IL-10 Gene Polymorphisms in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Risk and Overall Survival in an Arab Population: A Case-Control Study. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E382. [PMID: 32046104 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphomas can be classified as Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). The incidence of NHL is variable and affected by age, gender, racial, and geographic factors. There is strong evidence that the immune-regulatory cytokines have a major role in hematologic malignancies. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in two selected cytokines (IL-6 rs1800795G > C, rs1800796G > C, rs1800797G > A, IL-10 rs1800871G > A, rs1800872G > T, rs1800890A > T, rs1800896T > C) and the risk and overall survival of DLBCL patients in a Jordanian Arab population. One hundred and twenty-five DLBCL patients diagnosed at King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) from the period 2013–2018 and 238 matched healthy controls were included in the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Genotyping of the genetic polymorphisms was conducted using a sequencing protocol. Our study showed no significant differences in the distribution of all studied polymorphisms of DLBCL between patients and controls. The IL-6 rs1800797 was the only SNP to show significant survival results, DLBCL subjects with the codominant model (GG/AG/AA) genotypes and recessive model (AA genotype in comparison with the combined GG/GA genotype) had worse overall survival (p = 0.028 and 0.016, respectively).
Collapse
|
18
|
Jayaraj RL, Azimullah S, Beiram R. Diabetes as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease in the Middle East and its shared pathological mediators. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:736-750. [PMID: 32210695 PMCID: PMC6997863 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has risen exponentially worldwide over the past decade. A growing body of research indicates that AD is linked to diabetes mellitus (DM) and suggests that impaired insulin signaling acts as a crucial risk factor in determining the progression of this devastating disease. Many studies suggest people with diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, are at higher risk of eventually developing Alzheimer's dementia or other dementias. Despite nationwide efforts to increase awareness, the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has risen significantly in the Middle East and North African (MENA) region which might be due to rapid urbanization, lifestyle changes, lack of physical activity and rise in obesity. Growing body of evidence indicates that DM and AD are linked because both conditions involve impaired glucose homeostasis and altered brain function. Current theories and hypothesis clearly implicate that defective insulin signaling in the brain contributes to synaptic dysfunction and cognitive deficits in AD. In the periphery, low-grade chronic inflammation leads to insulin resistance followed by tissue deterioration. Thus insulin resistance acts as a bridge between DM and AD. There is pressing need to understand on how DM increases the risk of AD as well as the underlying mechanisms, due to the projected increase in age related disorders. Here we aim to review the incidence of AD and DM in the Middle East and the possible link between insulin signaling and ApoE carrier status on Aβ aggregation, tau hyperphosphorylation, inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in AD. We also critically reviewed mutation studies in Arab population which might influence DM induced AD. In addition, recent clinical trials and animal studies conducted to evaluate the efficiency of anti-diabetic drugs have been reviewed.
Collapse
Key Words
- AAV, Adeno-associated virus
- ABCA1, ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1
- AD, Alzheimer’s disease
- ADAMTS9, ADAM Metallopeptidase With Thrombospondin Type 1 Motif 9
- AGPAT1, 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase alpha
- Alzheimer’s disease
- Anti-diabetic drugs
- ApoE, Apolipoprotein E
- Arab population
- Aβ, Amyloid-beta
- BACE1, Beta-secretase 1
- BBB, Blood-Brain Barrier
- BMI, Body mass index
- CALR, calreticulin gene
- CIP2A, Cancerous Inhibitor Of Protein Phosphatase 2A
- COX-2, Cyclooxygenase 2
- CSF, Cerebrospinal fluid
- DM, Diabetes mellitus
- DUSP9, Dual Specificity Phosphatase 9
- Diabetes mellitus
- ECE-1, Endotherin converting enzyme 1
- FDG-PET, Fluorodeoxyglucose- positron emission tomography
- FRMD4A, FERM Domain Containing 4A
- FTO, Fat Mass and Obesity Associated Gene
- GLP-1, Glucagon like peptide
- GNPDA2, Glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase 2
- GSK-3β, Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta
- IDE, Insulin degrading enzyme
- IGF-1, Insulin-like growth factor 1
- IR, Insulin receptor
- IR, Insulin resistance
- Insulin signaling
- LPA, Lipophosphatidic acid
- MC4R, Melanocortin 4 receptor
- MCI, Myocardial infarction
- MENA, Middle East North African
- MG-H1, Methylglyoxal-hydroimidazolone isomer trifluoroactic acid salt
- MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging
- NDUFS3, NADH:Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase Core Subunit S3
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
- NFT, Neurofibrillary tangles
- NOTCH4, Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 4
- PI3K, Phosphoinositide-3
- PP2A, Protein phosphatase 2
- PPAR-γ2, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2
- Pit-PET, Pittsburgh compound B- positron emission tomography
- RAB1A, Ras-related protein 1A
- SORT, Sortilin
- STZ, Streptozotocin
- T1DM, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
- T2DM, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- TCF7L2, Transcription Factor 7 Like 2
- TFAP2B, Transcription Factor AP-2 Beta
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rami Beiram
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hebbar P, Abubaker JA, Abu-Farha M, Tuomilehto J, Al-Mulla F, Thanaraj TA. A Perception on Genome-Wide Genetic Analysis of Metabolic Traits in Arab Populations. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:8. [PMID: 30761081 PMCID: PMC6362414 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite dedicated nation-wide efforts to raise awareness against the harmful effects of fast-food consumption and sedentary lifestyle, the Arab population continues to struggle with an increased risk for metabolic disorders. Unlike the European population, the Arab population lacks well-established genetic risk determinants for metabolic disorders, and the transferability of established risk loci to this population has not been satisfactorily demonstrated. The most recent findings have identified over 240 genetic risk loci (with ~400 independent association signals) for type 2 diabetes, but thus far only 25 risk loci (ADAMTS9, ALX4, BCL11A, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, COL8A1, DUSP9, FTO, GCK, GNPDA2, HMG20A, HNF1A, HNF1B, HNF4A, IGF2BP2, JAZF1, KCNJ11, KCNQ1, MC4R, PPARγ, SLC30A8, TCF7L2, TFAP2B, TP53INP1, and WFS1) have been replicated in Arab populations. To our knowledge, large-scale population- or family-based association studies are non-existent in this region. Recently, we conducted genome-wide association studies on Arab individuals from Kuwait to delineate the genetic determinants for quantitative traits associated with anthropometry, lipid profile, insulin resistance, and blood pressure levels. Although these studies led to the identification of novel recessive variants, they failed to reproduce the established loci. However, they provided insights into the genetic architecture of the population, the applicability of genetic models based on recessive mode of inheritance, the presence of genetic signatures of inbreeding due to the practice of consanguinity, and the pleiotropic effects of rare disorders on complex metabolic disorders. This perspective presents analysis strategies and study designs for identifying genetic risk variants associated with diabetes and related traits in Arab populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prashantha Hebbar
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Doctoral Program in Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jehad Ahmed Abubaker
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Mohamed Abu-Farha
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics and Bioinformatics Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- *Correspondence: Fahd Al-Mulla
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Azzam SK, Osman WM, Lee S, Khalaf K, Khandoker AH, Almahmeed W, Jelinek HF, Al Safar HS. Genetic Associations With Diabetic Retinopathy and Coronary Artery Disease in Emirati Patients With Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:283. [PMID: 31130920 PMCID: PMC6509200 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with both microvascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), and macrovascular complications like coronary artery disease (CAD). Genetic risk factors have a role in the development of these complications. In the present case-control study, we investigated genetic variations associated with DR and CAD in T2DM patients from the United Arab Emirates. Methods: A total of 407 Emirati patients with T2DM were recruited. Categorization of the study population was performed based on the presence or absence of DR and CAD. Seventeen Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), were selected for association analyses through search of publicly available databases, namely GWAS catalog, infinome genome interpretation platform and GWAS Central database. A multivariate logistic regression test was performed to evaluate the association between the 17 SNPs and DR, CAD, or both. To account for multiple testing, significance was set at p < 0.00294 using the Bonferroni correction. Results: The SNPs rs9362054 near the CEP162 gene and rs4462262 near the UBE2D1 gene were associated with DR (OR = 1.66, p = 0.001; OR = 1.37, p = 0.031; respectively), and rs12219125 near the PLXDC2 gene was associated (suggestive) with CAD (OR = 2.26, p = 0.034). Furthermore, rs9362054 near the CEP162 gene was significantly associated with both complications (OR = 2.27, p = 0.0021). The susceptibility genes for CAD (PLXDC2) and DR (UBE2D1) have a role in angiogenesis and neovascularization. Moreover, association between the ciliary gene CEP162 and DR was established in terms of retinal neural processing, confirming previous reports. Conclusions: The present study reports associations of different genetic loci with DR and CAD. We report new associations between CAD and PLXDC2, and DR with UBE2D1 using data from T2DM Emirati patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Azzam
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael M. Osman
- Khalifa University Center of Biotechnology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sungmun Lee
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kinda Khalaf
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahsan H. Khandoker
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael Almahmeed
- Institute of Cardiac Science, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Herbert F. Jelinek
- Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Sydney and School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Macquarie University, Albury, NSW, Australia
| | - Habiba S. Al Safar
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa University Center of Biotechnology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Habiba S. Al Safar
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mezzavilla M, Tomei S, Alkayal F, Melhem M, Ali MM, Al-Arouj M, Bennakhi A, Alsmadi O, Elkum N. Investigation of genetic variation and lifestyle determinants in vitamin D levels in Arab individuals. J Transl Med 2018; 16:20. [PMID: 29382345 PMCID: PMC5791363 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differences in the concentrations of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] are associated with a wide range of health outcomes; however, most studies on genetic variants that impact 25(OH)D levels have been conducted in European populations. Here we aimed to identify common genetic variants that affect vitamin D concentrations in individuals of self-reported Arab ethnicity. Methods The study included 1151 Arab subjects living in Kuwait. Common variants of single-nucleotide polymorphisms and genes previously associated with vitamin D levels, such as GC, PDE3B, CYP2R1, and NADSYN1, were genotyped. Raw vitamin D level data were corrected for age, body mass index, and sex and then normalized. Regression tree analyses were performed to identify the impact of genetic variants on vitamin D levels. Results Compared with other gene variants, the GC gene variants exhibited the greatest impact on vitamin D levels in our study population, of which rs2298850 had the lowest p value (0.003). Individuals homozygous for the derived allele C had lower vitamin D levels. Analyses of the interaction between the number of years for which the subjects had lived in Kuwait and genetic variation in the GC gene showed that those with the CC genotype of rs2298850 who had lived in Kuwait for < 51 years had a mean 25(OH)D level of 10 ng/ml, whereas those who were homozygous for the ancestral allele had a mean 25(OH)D level of 17 ng/ml. Furthermore, subjects who had lived in Kuwait for > 51 years had higher vitamin D levels (mean 28 ng/ml) regardless of the genotype of their GC gene. Conclusions The GC gene may play a major role in determining vitamin D levels in Arab populations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1396-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Mezzavilla
- Out-Patient Clinic, 5th Floor, Sidra Medicine, Qatar Foundation, Al Luqta Street, Education City North Campus, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara Tomei
- Out-Patient Clinic, 5th Floor, Sidra Medicine, Qatar Foundation, Al Luqta Street, Education City North Campus, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fadi Alkayal
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Jasim Mohamad Al Bahar St, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Motasem Melhem
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Jasim Mohamad Al Bahar St, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Maisa M Ali
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Jasim Mohamad Al Bahar St, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Monira Al-Arouj
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Jasim Mohamad Al Bahar St, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Abdullah Bennakhi
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Jasim Mohamad Al Bahar St, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Osama Alsmadi
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Jasim Mohamad Al Bahar St, Kuwait City, Kuwait.,King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Naser Elkum
- Out-Patient Clinic, 5th Floor, Sidra Medicine, Qatar Foundation, Al Luqta Street, Education City North Campus, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
John SE, Antony D, Eaaswarkhanth M, Hebbar P, Alkayal F, Tuomilehto J, Alsmadi O, Thanaraj TA. Genetic variants associated with warfarin dosage in Kuwaiti population. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:757-764. [PMID: 28592190 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessing the distinct prevalence or absence of genetic variants associated with differential response to the anticoagulant medication of warfarin in different population groups is actively pursued by pharmacogenomics community. Populations from Arabian Peninsula are underrepresented in such studies. By way of examining exome- and genome-wide genotype data from 1395 Arab individuals in Kuwait, we report distinct occurrence of warfarin response-related variants rs12460590_A/CYP2A7, rs2108622_T/CYP4F2, rs2884737_C/VKORC1 and distinct absence of rs11150606_C/PRSS53 in Kuwaiti population. The presented results in conjunction with similar literature reports on Qatari population enhance the worldwide understanding on population-specific distributions of genetic variants associated with warfarin drug dosage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumi Elsa John
- Population Genomics & Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Dinu Antony
- Functional Genomics Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Muthukrishnan Eaaswarkhanth
- Population Genomics & Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Prashantha Hebbar
- Population Genomics & Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Fadi Alkayal
- Population Genomics & Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Population Genomics & Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Osama Alsmadi
- Functional Genomics Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| | - Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj
- Population Genomics & Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman, 15462, Kuwait
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
To define the preferred nasolabial angle measurement in Middle Eastern population. An observational study was conducted from January 2012 to January 2016 at the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A total of 1027 raters, 506 males, and 521 females were asked to choose the most ideal nasolabial angle for 5 males and 5 females lateral photographs whose nasolabial angle were modified with Photoshop into the following angles (85°, 90°, 95°, 100°, 105°, and 110°). Male raters preferred the angle of 89.5° ± 3.5° (mean ± SD) for males and 90.8° ± 5.6° for females. While female raters preferred the angle of 89.3° ± 3.8° for males and 90.5° ± 4.8° for females. ANOVA test compare means among groups: p: 0.342, and there is no statistically significant difference between groups. The results of our study showed an even more acute angles than degrees found in the literature. It shows that what young generation in our region prefers and clearly reflects that what could be explained as under rotation of the nasal tip in other cultures is just the ideal for some Middle Eastern population.
Collapse
|
24
|
Al-Shamsi HO, Jones J, Fahmawi Y, Dahbour I, Tabash A, Abdel-Wahab R, Abousamra AOS, Shaw KR, Xiao L, Hassan MM, Kipp BR, Kopetz S, Soliman AS, McWilliams RR, Wolff RA. Molecular spectrum of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, TP53, and APC somatic gene mutations in Arab patients with colorectal cancer: determination of frequency and distribution pattern. J Gastrointest Oncol 2016; 7:882-902. [PMID: 28078112 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2016.11.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequency rates of mutations such as KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA in colorectal cancer (CRC) differ among populations. The aim of this study was to assess mutation frequencies in the Arab population and determine their correlations with certain clinicopathological features. METHODS Arab patients from the Arab Gulf region and a population of age- and sex-matched Western patients with CRC whose tumors were evaluated with next-generation sequencing (NGS) were identified and retrospectively reviewed. The mutation rates of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, TP53, and APC were recorded, along with clinicopathological features. Other somatic mutation and their rates were also identified. Fisher's exact test was used to determine the association between mutation status and clinical features. RESULTS A total of 198 cases were identified; 99 Arab patients and 99 Western patients. Fifty-two point seven percent of Arab patients had stage IV disease at initial presentation, 74.2% had left-sided tumors. Eighty-nine point two percent had tubular adenocarcinoma and 10.8% had mucinous adenocarcinoma. The prevalence rates of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, TP53, APC, SMAD, FBXW7 mutations in Arab population were 44.4%, 4%, 4%, 13.1%, 52.5%, 27.3%, 2% and 3% respectively. Compared to 48.4%, 4%, 4%, 12.1%, 47.5%, 24.2%, 11.1% and 0% respectively in matched Western population. Associations between these mutations and patient clinicopathological features were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to report comprehensive hotspot mutations using NGS in Arab patients with CRC. The frequency of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, TP53, APC and PIK3CA mutations were similar to reported frequencies in Western population except SMAD4 that had a lower frequency and higher frequency of FBXW7 mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Humaid O Al-Shamsi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA;; Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Foundation, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates;; Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeremy Jones
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yazan Fahmawi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ibrahim Dahbour
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aziz Tabash
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Reham Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA;; Clinical Oncology Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed O S Abousamra
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kenna R Shaw
- Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lianchun Xiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Manal M Hassan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Benjamin R Kipp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Amr S Soliman
- Department of Epidemiology, the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | - Robert A Wolff
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bashier AMK, Hussain AAKB, Abdelgadir EIE, Eltinay AT, Thadani P, Abdalla ME, Abusnana S, AlAwadi FF. Liraglutide effect in reducing HbA1c and weight in Arab population with type2 diabetes, a prospective observational trial. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2015; 14:48. [PMID: 26064864 PMCID: PMC4461924 DOI: 10.1186/s40200-015-0178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background The pathophysiology of type2 diabetes differs between different ethnic groups. Asians develop type2 diabetes at younger age, lower body mass index, and in relatively short time. Not only that, some ethnicities have different responses and dosing regimens to different classes of anti-diabetic agents. Data from Japanese population showed that the optimal doses of liraglutide used are smaller than other population and that weight loss is not as effective as seen in Caucasians. Methods We aimed to assess liraglutide efficacy in reducing weight and HbA1c in Arab population when used as add on to other anti-diabetic agents. We prospectively followed patients who were recruited to treatment with liraglutide for a 6 months period; at the start of the study we checked patients’ demographics, weight, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid panel, LFTs and creatinine. Patients were checked at 3 months and at the end of the study at 6 months. Results There was a significant reduction in weight at 3 and 6 months from a mean weight of 96.01 ± 19.2 kg to (94.8 ± 20 kg with (P < 0.001)) and 94.5 ± 19 kg with (p < 0.001) respectively. Mean HbA1c at baseline was 8.3 ± 1.7 % dropped to 7.7 ± 1.4 % (p < 0.001) at 3 months, and 7.6 + 1.6 % (p < 0.001) at 6 months. Conclusions Liraglutide is effective in reducing weight, HbA1c as well as other metabolic parameters in Arab population with type2 diabetes. Trial registration The trial is approved and registered with the Institutional Ethical Committee Board (Dubai Health Authority Medical Research Committee) under registration Number (MRC-08/2013_03).
Collapse
|
26
|
Ghuloum S, Bener A, Burgut FT. Epidemiological survey of knowledge, attitudes, and health literacy concerning mental illness in a national community sample: a global burden. J Prim Care Community Health 2013; 1:111-8. [PMID: 23804372 DOI: 10.1177/2150131910372970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning mental illness among Qatari and other Arab expatriates. METHOD This is a cross-sectional survey conducted from October 2008 to March 2009. A questionnaire was designed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding mental illness. RESULTS Of 2254 subjects surveyed, 49.6% were Qataris, 50.4% other Arab expatriates, 54.8% males, and 45.2% females. A majority of the respondents thought that substance abuse like alcohol or drugs could result in mental illness (84.7%). Fewer than half of the subjects believed that mentally ill people are mentally retarded (40.6%). 48.3% believed that mental illness could result from punishment from God. The most common information source on mental illness was media (64.2%). Recognition of common mental disorders in the studied population was poor (72.5%). CONCLUSION Knowledge of mental illness among the Arabic-speaking population of Qatar was quite poor.
Collapse
|
27
|
Bener A, Al-Kazaz M, Ftouni D, Al-Harthy M, Dafeeah EE. Diagnostic overlap of depressive, anxiety, stress and somatoform disorders in primary care. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2013; 5:E29-38. [PMID: 23857793 DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-5872.2012.00215.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of somatization, anxiety, depression and stress in a primary care population, explore their association to psychosocial stressors and determine the diagnostic overlap of these four mental disorders. METHODS This is a prospective cross-sectional study. A representative sample of 2,150 patients was approached, of whom 1,762 patients agreed to participate and responded to the questionnaire (81.9%). Anxiety was assessed with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). Depression was assessed with the depression module Patients Health Questionnaire-8. Somatization was measured with the somatic symptom module PHQ-15. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) instrument was used to identify the stress cases. RESULTS Of the study sample, 23.8% of the total cases were identified as probable cases. The prevalence of somatization, depression, anxiety and stress was 11.7%, 11.3%, 8.3% and 18.6%, respectively. The specific gender prevalence of these four psychological disorders was very similar in men and women: depression (11.3% versus 11.3%), anxiety (7.7% versus 8.9%), somatization (12.5% versus 10.7%) and stress disorders (19.3% versus 17.8%). A significant difference was observed in nationality and marital status for depression and anxiety (P < 0.05). The age-specific prevalence rate showed a higher prevalence in the age group 45-54 years: depression (13.3%), anxiety (9.5%), somatization (12.8%) and stress (20.4%). Unable to control worries (69.2%) was the worst symptom for anxiety disorders, while the majority of the depressed patients wanted to hurt themselves (71.9%). Stomach pain (46.1%) was the most common symptom in somatic patients. Most of the patients experiencing stress could not cope with their daily duties (65.9%). There was a high comorbidity rate of depression, anxiety, somatization and stress observed in the studied population (9.3%). CONCLUSION The prevalence of somatization and depression was similar, but the prevalence of stress was higher in inpatient patients. Somatization, depression, anxiety and stress disorders co-occurred at higher rate in the study sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulbari Bener
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bowirrat A, Cui J, Waraska K, Friedland RP, Oscar-Berman M, Farrer LA, Korczyn A, Baldwin CT. Lack of association between angiotensin-converting enzyme and dementia of the Alzheimer's type in an elderly Arab population in Wadi Ara, Israel. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2005; 1:73-6. [PMID: 18568123 PMCID: PMC2426814 DOI: 10.2147/nedt.1.1.73.52302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a protease involved in blood pressure regulation, has been implicated as an important candidate gene for Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study investigated whether the ACE gene insertion-deletion (ID) polymorphism is associated with risk of developing dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT) in an Arab-Israeli community, a unique genetic isolate where there is a high prevalence of DAT. In contrast to several other studies, we found no evidence of an association between this polymorphism and either DAT or age-related cognitive decline (ARCD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla Bowirrat
- Genetic Program, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bowirrat A, Reider-Groswasser II, Oscar-Berman M, Aizenstein O, Levy G, Korczyn AD. MRI parameters of Alzheimer's disease in an Arab population of Wadi Ara, Israel. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2005; 1:77-85. [PMID: 18568125 PMCID: PMC2426816 DOI: 10.2147/nedt.1.1.77.52300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings are reported from 15 individuals in an Arab-Israeli community who were diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The quantitative parameters that were used for MRI analyses included gradings (0-3) and linear measurements of different brain structures. Generalized tissue loss was assessed by combined measurements of the ventricles (ventricular score, VS) and sulcal grading and width (SG, SW, respectively). Loss of brain tissue in specific regions of interest, eg, temporal lobes, basal ganglia, and midbrain, was evaluated by precise measurements. We observed abnormal tissue characteristics, expressed as high intensity foci in white matter on T2W sequences, as well as tissue loss, both generalized and focal. Most notable were changes involving the head of the caudate nuclei, the midbrain, and to a lesser degree, medial temporal structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla Bowirrat
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, and Division of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, ME, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|