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Sheridan SD, Horng JE, Yeh H, McCrea L, Wang J, Fu T, Perlis RH. Loss of Function in the Neurodevelopmental Disease and Schizophrenia-Associated Gene CYFIP1 in Human Microglia-like Cells Supports a Functional Role in Synaptic Engulfment. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:676-686. [PMID: 37573007 PMCID: PMC10874584 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CYFIP1 gene, located in the neurodevelopmental risk locus 15q11.2, is highly expressed in microglia, but its role in human microglial function as it relates to neurodevelopment is not well understood. METHODS We generated multiple CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) knockouts of CYFIP1 in patient-derived models of microglia to characterize function and phenotype. Using microglia-like cells reprogrammed from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we quantified phagocytosis of synaptosomes (isolated and purified synaptic vesicles) from human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neuronal cultures as an in vitro model of synaptic pruning. We repeated these analyses in human iPSC-derived microglia-like cells derived from 3 isogenic wild-type/knockout line pairs derived from 2 donors and further characterized microglial development and function through morphology and motility. RESULTS CYFIP1 knockout using orthogonal CRISPR constructs in multiple patient-derived cell lines was associated with a statistically significant decrease in synaptic vesicle phagocytosis in microglia-like cell models derived from both peripheral blood mononuclear cells and iPSCs. Morphology was also shifted toward a more ramified profile, and motility was significantly reduced. However, iPSC-CYFIP1 knockout lines retained the ability to differentiate to functional microglia. CONCLUSIONS The changes in microglial phenotype and function due to the loss of function of CYFIP1 observed in this study implicate a potential impact on processes such as synaptic pruning that may contribute to CYFIP1-related neurodevelopmental disorders. Investigating risk genes in a range of central nervous system cell types, not solely neurons, may be required to fully understand the way in which common and rare variants intersect to yield neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Sheridan
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joy E Horng
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hana Yeh
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Liam McCrea
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Wang
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ting Fu
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Roy H Perlis
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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De La Fuente DC, Tamburini C, Stonelake E, Andrews R, Hall J, Owen MJ, Linden DEJ, Pocklington A, Li M. Impaired oxysterol-liver X receptor signaling underlies aberrant cortical neurogenesis in a stem cell model of neurodevelopmental disorder. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113946. [PMID: 38483902 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which genomic risks contribute to the onset of neuropsychiatric conditions remain a key challenge and a prerequisite for successful development of effective therapies. 15q11.2 copy number variation (CNV) containing the CYFIP1 gene is associated with autism and schizophrenia. Using stem cell models, we show that 15q11.2 deletion (15q11.2del) and CYFIP1 loss of function (CYFIP1-LoF) lead to premature neuronal differentiation, while CYFIP1 gain of function (CYFIP1-GoF) favors neural progenitor maintenance. CYFIP1 dosage changes led to dysregulated cholesterol metabolism and altered levels of 24S,25-epoxycholesterol, which can mimic the 15q11.2del and CYFIP1-LoF phenotypes by promoting cortical neuronal differentiation and can restore the impaired neuronal differentiation of CYFIP1-GoF neural progenitors. Moreover, the neurogenic activity of 24S,25-epoxycholesterol is lost following genetic deletion of liver X receptor (LXRβ), while compound deletion of LXRβ in CYFIP1-/- background rescued their premature neurogenesis. This work delineates LXR-mediated oxysterol regulation of neurogenesis as a pathological mechanism in neural cells carrying 15q11.2 CNV and provides a potential target for therapeutic strategies for associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Tamburini
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Innovation Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Robert Andrews
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jeremy Hall
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Innovation Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael J Owen
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Innovation Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - David E J Linden
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Innovation Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew Pocklington
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Meng Li
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Innovation Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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3
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Sisario D, Spindler M, Ermer KJ, Grütz N, Nicolai L, Gaertner F, Machesky LM, Bender M. Differential Role of the RAC1-Binding Proteins FAM49b (CYRI-B) and CYFIP1 in Platelets. Cells 2024; 13:299. [PMID: 38391912 PMCID: PMC10886774 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelet function at vascular injury sites is tightly regulated through the actin cytoskeleton. The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein-family verprolin-homologous protein (WAVE)-regulatory complex (WRC) activates lamellipodia formation via ARP2/3, initiated by GTP-bound RAC1 interacting with the WRC subunit CYFIP1. The protein FAM49b (Family of Unknown Function 49b), also known as CYRI-B (CYFIP-Related RAC Interactor B), has been found to interact with activated RAC1, leading to the negative regulation of the WRC in mammalian cells. To investigate the role of FAM49b in platelet function, we studied platelet-specific Fam49b-/--, Cyfip1-/--, and Cyfip1/Fam49b-/--mice. Platelet counts and activation of Fam49b-/- mice were comparable to those of control mice. On fully fibrinogen-coated surfaces, Fam49b-/--platelets spread faster with an increased mean projected cell area than control platelets, whereas Cyfip1/Fam49b-/--platelets did not form lamellipodia, phenocopying the Cyfip1-/--platelets. However, Fam49b-/--platelets often assumed a polarized shape and were more prone to migrate on fibrinogen-coated surfaces. On 2D structured micropatterns, however, Fam49b-/--platelets displayed reduced spreading, whereas spreading of Cyfip1-/-- and Cyfip1/Fam49b-/--platelets was enhanced. In summary, FAM49b contributes to the regulation of morphology and migration of spread platelets, but to exert its inhibitory effect on actin polymerization, the functional WAVE complex must be present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Sisario
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine–Chair I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Spindler
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine–Chair I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katharina J. Ermer
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine–Chair I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Noah Grütz
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine–Chair I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Leo Nicolai
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Ludwig, Maximilian University, 81377 Munich, Germany (F.G.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Gaertner
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, University Hospital Ludwig, Maximilian University, 81377 Munich, Germany (F.G.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Laura M. Machesky
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Markus Bender
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine–Chair I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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Mariano V, Kanellopoulos AK, Ricci C, Di Marino D, Borrie SC, Dupraz S, Bradke F, Achsel T, Legius E, Odent S, Billuart P, Bienvenu T, Bagni C. Intellectual Disability and Behavioral Deficits Linked to CYFIP1 Missense Variants Disrupting Actin Polymerization. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:161-174. [PMID: 37704042 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 15q11.2 deletions and duplications have been linked to autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and intellectual disability. Recent evidence suggests that dysfunctional CYFIP1 (cytoplasmic FMR1 interacting protein 1) contributes to the clinical phenotypes observed in individuals with 15q11.2 deletion/duplication syndrome. CYFIP1 plays crucial roles in neuronal development and brain connectivity, promoting actin polymerization and regulating local protein synthesis. However, information about the impact of single nucleotide variants in CYFIP1 on neurodevelopmental disorders is limited. METHODS Here, we report a family with 2 probands exhibiting intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, spastic tetraparesis, and brain morphology defects and who carry biallelic missense point mutations in the CYFIP1 gene. We used skin fibroblasts from one of the probands, the parents, and typically developing individuals to investigate the effect of the variants on the functionality of CYFIP1. In addition, we generated Drosophila knockin mutants to address the effect of the variants in vivo and gain insight into the molecular mechanism that underlies the clinical phenotype. RESULTS Our study revealed that the 2 missense variants are in protein domains responsible for maintaining the interaction within the wave regulatory complex. Molecular and cellular analyses in skin fibroblasts from one proband showed deficits in actin polymerization. The fly model for these mutations exhibited abnormal brain morphology and F-actin loss and recapitulated the core behavioral symptoms, such as deficits in social interaction and motor coordination. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the 2 CYFIP1 variants contribute to the clinical phenotype in the probands that reflects deficits in actin-mediated brain development processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Mariano
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Carlotta Ricci
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Marino
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, New York-Marche Structural Biology Center, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Neuronal Death and Neuroprotection Unit, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sebastian Dupraz
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Bradke
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration Group, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Tilmann Achsel
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Legius
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre Labellisé pour les Anomalies du Développement Ouest, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France; Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6290, Université de Rennes, ERN-ITHACA, France
| | - Pierre Billuart
- Institut de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences de Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1266, Université de Paris Cité (UPC), Paris, France
| | - Thierry Bienvenu
- Institut de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences de Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1266, Université de Paris Cité (UPC), Paris, France
| | - Claudia Bagni
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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Ma R, Pang K, Kang H, Zhang Y, Bang G, Park S, Hwang E, Ryu JR, Kwon Y, Kang HR, Jin C, Kim Y, Kim SY, Kwon SK, Kim D, Sun W, Kim JY, Han K. Protein interactome and cell-type expression analyses reveal that cytoplasmic FMR1-interacting protein 1 ( CYFIP1), but not CYFIP2, associates with astrocytic focal adhesion. J Neurochem 2022; 162:190-206. [PMID: 35567753 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The two members of the cytoplasmic FMR1-interacting protein family, CYFIP1 and CYFIP2, are evolutionarily conserved multifunctional proteins whose defects are associated with distinct types of brain disorders. Even with high sequence homology between CYFIP1 and CYFIP2, several lines of evidence indicate their different functions in the brain; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we performed reciprocal immunoprecipitation experiments using CYFIP1-2×Myc and CYFIP2-3×Flag knock-in mice and found that CYFIP1 and CYFIP2 are not significantly co-immunoprecipitated with each other in the knock-in brains compared to negative control wild-type brains. Moreover, CYFIP1 and CYFIP2 showed different size distributions by size-exclusion chromatography of wild-type mouse brains. Specifically, mass spectrometry-based analysis of CYFIP1-2×Myc knock-in brains identified 131 proteins in the CYFIP1 interactome. Comparison of the CYFIP1 interactome with the previously identified brain region- and age-matched CYFIP2 interactome, consisting of 140 proteins, revealed only eight common proteins. Investigations using single-cell RNA-sequencing databases suggested non-neuronal cell- and neuron-enriched expression of Cyfip1 and Cyfip2, respectively. At the protein level, CYFIP1 was detected in both neurons and astrocytes, while CYFIP2 was detected only in neurons, suggesting the predominant expression of CYFIP1 in astrocytes. Bioinformatic characterization of the CYFIP1 interactome, and co-expression analysis of Cyfip1 with astrocytic genes, commonly linked CYFIP1 with focal adhesion proteins. Immunocytochemical analysis and proximity ligation assay suggested partial co-localization of CYFIP1 and focal adhesion proteins in cultured astrocytes. Together, these results suggest a CYFIP1-specific association with astrocytic focal adhesion, which may contribute to the different brain functions and dysfunctions of CYFIP1 and CYFIP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kaifang Pang
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Hyojin Kang
- Division of National Supercomputing, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yinhua Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Geul Bang
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang 28119, Republic of Korea.,Korea University College of Pharmacy, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Park
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunha Hwang
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ryun Ryu
- Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kwon
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Drug discovery platform research center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyae Rim Kang
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunmei Jin
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonhee Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Yeon Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Brain Science Institute, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Kyu Kwon
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Brain Science Institute, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyoun Kim
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Drug discovery platform research center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.,Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Sun
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Ochang 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihoon Han
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.,BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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Chu FC, Shaw SW, Lee CH, Lo LM, Hsu JJ, Hung TH. Adverse Perinatal and Early Life Outcomes following 15q11.2 CNV Diagnosis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1480. [PMID: 34680874 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The copy number variation (CNV) of 15q11.2, an emerging and common condition observed during prenatal counseling, is encompassed by four highly conserved and non-imprinted genes—TUBGCP5, CYFIP1, NIPA1, and NIPA2—which are reportedly related to developmental delays or general behavioral problems. We retrospectively analyzed 1337 samples from genetic amniocentesis for fetal CNV using microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis between January 2014 and December 2019. 15q11.2 CNV showed a prevalence of 1.5% (21/1337). Separately, 0.7% was noted for 15q11.2 BP1–BP2 microdeletion and 0.8% for 15q11.2 microduplication. Compared to the normal array group, the 15q11.2 BP1–BP2 microdeletion group had more cases of neonatal intensive care unit transfer, an Apgar score of <7 at 1 min, and neonatal death. Additionally, the group was symptomatic with developmental delays and had more infantile deaths related to congenital heart disease (CHD). Our study makes a novel contribution to the literature by exploring the differences in the adverse perinatal outcomes and early life conditions between the 15q11.2 CNV and normal array groups. Parent-origin gender-based differences may help in the prognosis of the fetal phenotype; development levels should be followed up in the long term and echocardiography should be offered prenatally and postnatally for the prevention of a delayed diagnosis of CHD.
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Silva AI, Kirov G, Kendall KM, Bracher-Smith M, Wilkinson LS, Hall J, Ulfarsson MO, Walters GB, Stefansson H, Stefansson K, Linden DE, Caseras X. Analysis of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Data From the UK Biobank Confirms Dosage Effect of 15q11.2 Copy Number Variation on White Matter and Shows Association With Cognition. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 90:307-316. [PMID: 33931204 PMCID: PMC8343146 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.02.969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copy number variations at the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 locus are present in 0.5%-1.0% of the population, and the deletion is associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders. Previously, we showed a reciprocal effect of 15q11.2 copy number variation on fractional anisotropy, with widespread increases in deletion carriers. We aim to expand these findings using a larger sample of participants (N = 29,166) and higher resolution imaging and by examining the implications for cognitive performance. METHODS Diffusion tensor imaging measures from participants with no neurological or psychiatric diagnoses were obtained from the UK Biobank database. We compared 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 deletion (n = 102) and duplication (n = 113) carriers to a large cohort of control individuals with no neuropsychiatric copy number variants (n = 28,951). Additionally, we assessed how changes in white matter mediated the association between carrier status and cognitive performance. RESULTS Deletion carriers showed increases in fractional anisotropy in the internal capsule and cingulum and decreases in the posterior thalamic radiation compared with both duplication carriers and control subjects (who had intermediate values). Compared with control subjects, deletion carriers had lower scores across cognitive tasks, which were partly influenced by white matter. Reduced fractional anisotropy in the posterior thalamic radiation partially contributed to worse cognitive performance in deletion carriers. CONCLUSIONS These results, together with our previous findings, provide convergent evidence for an effect of 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 on white matter microstructure, this being more pronounced in deletion carriers. Additionally, changes in white matter were found to partially mediate cognitive ability in deletion carriers, providing a link between white matter changes in 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 carriers and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Silva
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, United Kingdom,Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom,School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands,Address correspondence to Ana I. Silva, Ph.D.
| | - George Kirov
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberley M. Kendall
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Mathew Bracher-Smith
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Lawrence S. Wilkinson
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, United Kingdom,Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom,School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Hall
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, United Kingdom,Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Magnus O. Ulfarsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland,Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - G. Bragi Walters
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - David E.J. Linden
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, United Kingdom,School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Xavier Caseras
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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Sahasrabudhe A, Begum F, Guevara CA, Morrison C, Hsiao K, Kezunovic N, Bozdagi-Gunal O, Benson DL. Cyfip1 Regulates SynGAP1 at Hippocampal Synapses. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2021; 12:581714. [PMID: 33613257 PMCID: PMC7892963 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2020.581714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, copy number variations in CYFIP1 appear to have sweeping physiological and structural consequences in the brain, either producing or altering the severity of intellectual disability, autism, and schizophrenia. Independently, SynGAP1 haploinsufficiency produces intellectual disability and, frequently, autism. Cyfip1 inhibits protein translation and promotes actin polymerization, and SynGAP1 is a synaptically localized Ras/Rap GAP. While these proteins are clearly distinct, studies investigating their functions in mice have shown that each regulates the maturation of synapses in the hippocampus and haploinsufficiency for either produces an exaggerated form of mGluR-dependent long-term depression, suggesting that some signaling pathways converge. In this study, we examined how Cyfip1 haploinsufficiency impacts SynGAP1 levels and localization, as well as potential sites for mechanistic interaction in mouse hippocampus. The data show that synaptic, but not total, levels of SynGAP1 in Cyfip1 +/- mice were abnormally low during early postnatal development and in adults. This may be in response to a shift in the balance of kinases that activate SynGAP1 as levels of Cdk5 were reduced and those of activated CaMKII were maintained in Cyfip1 +/- mice compared to wild-type mice. Alternatively, this could reflect altered actin dynamics as Rac1 activity in Cyfip1 +/- hippocampus was boosted significantly compared to wild-type mice, and levels of synaptic F-actin were generally enhanced due in part to an increase in the activity of the WAVE regulatory complex. Decreased synaptic SynGAP1 coupled with a CaMKII-mediated bias toward Rap1 inactivation at synapses is also consistent with increased levels of synaptic GluA2, increased AMPA receptor-mediated responses to stimulation, and increased levels of synaptic mGluR1/5 compared to wild-type mice. Collectively, our data suggest that Cyfip1 regulates SynGAP1 and the two proteins work coordinately at synapses to appropriately direct actin polymerization and GAP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Sahasrabudhe
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Fatema Begum
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christopher A Guevara
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, United States
| | - Chenel Morrison
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kuangfu Hsiao
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nebojsa Kezunovic
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ozlem Bozdagi-Gunal
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Deanna L Benson
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
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9
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Shen W, Jin L, Zhu A, Lin Y, Pan G, Zhou S, Cheng J, Zhang J, Tu F, Liu C, Xie Q, Chen X. Treadmill exercise enhances synaptic plasticity in the ischemic penumbra of MCAO mice by inducing the expression of Camk2a via CYFIP1 upregulation. Life Sci 2021; 270:119033. [PMID: 33497737 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Physical exercise is beneficial to the recovery of patients with ischemic stroke. However, the underlying mechanism by which exercise promotes dendritic remodeling and synaptic plasticity is still obscure. This study explored the mechanism by which treadmill exercise enhances synaptic plasticity and dendritic remodeling in the ischemic penumbra. MAIN METHODS A middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was generated in C57BL/6 mice, and lentivirus-mediated cytoplasmic FMRP-associated protein 1 (CYFIP1) shRNA expression was utilized to confirm the role of CYFIP1 in the exercise-induced increase in synaptic plasticity and dendritic remodeling. Neurological deficits were measured using the Zea Longa scale. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and Nissl staining were performed to assess cerebral ischemic injury. Golgi-Cox staining was used to observe changes in dendritic remodeling and synaptic plasticity. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed to observe the synaptic ultrastructure. Molecular mechanisms were explored using immunofluorescence staining and western blotting. KEY FINDINGS Treadmill training enhanced synaptic plasticity in the penumbra. Additionally, we observed significant increases in the expression of CYFIP1 and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase 2a (Camk2a); enhanced neurological recovery and a decreased infarct volume. However, the injection of a lentivirus containing CYFIP1 shRNA into the lateral ventricle exerted negative effects on synaptic plasticity. Moreover, the exercise-induced neuroprotective effects were abolished by lentivirus-mediated CYFIP1 shRNA expression, consistent with the downregulation of Camk2a expression and the deterioration of neurological function. SIGNIFICANCE Treadmill training enhances synaptic plasticity and dendritic remodeling in the ischemic penumbra by inducing the expression of Camk2a via upregulation of CYFIP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Shen
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingqin Jin
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anqi Zhu
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guoyuan Pan
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingyan Cheng
- The Second Hospital Affiliated to Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No.300, Shouchun Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jieqiong Zhang
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fengxia Tu
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chan Liu
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingfeng Xie
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiang Chen
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, Xueyuanxi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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10
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Rafi SK, Butler MG. The 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 Microdeletion ( Burnside-Butler) Syndrome: In Silico Analyses of the Four Coding Genes Reveal Functional Associations with Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093296. [PMID: 32384786 PMCID: PMC7246448 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 microdeletion (Burnside–Butler) syndrome is emerging as the most frequent pathogenic copy number variation (CNV) in humans associated with neurodevelopmental disorders with changes in brain morphology, behavior, and cognition. In this study, we explored functions and interactions of the four protein-coding genes in this region, namely NIPA1, NIPA2, CYFIP1, and TUBGCP5, and elucidate their role, in solo and in concert, in the causation of neurodevelopmental disorders. First, we investigated the STRING protein-protein interactions encompassing all four genes and ascertained their predicted Gene Ontology (GO) functions, such as biological processes involved in their interactions, pathways and molecular functions. These include magnesium ion transport molecular function, regulation of axonogenesis and axon extension, regulation and production of bone morphogenetic protein and regulation of cellular growth and development. We gathered a list of significantly associated cardinal maladies for each gene from searchable genomic disease websites, namely MalaCards.org: HGMD, OMIM, ClinVar, GTR, Orphanet, DISEASES, Novoseek, and GeneCards.org. Through tabulations of such disease data, we ascertained the cardinal disease association of each gene, as well as their expanded putative disease associations. This enabled further tabulation of disease data to ascertain the role of each gene in the top ten overlapping significant neurodevelopmental disorders among the disease association data sets: (1) Prader–Willi Syndrome (PWS); (2) Angelman Syndrome (AS); (3) 15q11.2 Deletion Syndrome with Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder & Learning Disability; (4) Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); (5) Schizophrenia; (6) Epilepsy; (7) Down Syndrome; (8) Microcephaly; (9) Developmental Disorder, and (10) Peripheral Nervous System Disease. The cardinal disease associations for each of the four contiguous 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 genes are NIPA1- Spastic Paraplegia 6; NIPA2—Angelman Syndrome and Prader–Willi Syndrome; CYFIP1—Fragile X Syndrome and Autism; TUBGCP5—Prader–Willi Syndrome. The four genes are individually associated with PWS, ASD, schizophrenia, epilepsy, and Down syndrome. Except for TUBGCP5, the other three genes are associated with AS. Unlike the other genes, TUBGCP5 is also not associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disability, developmental disorder, or peripheral nervous system disease. CYFIP1 was the only gene not associated with microcephaly but was the only gene associated with developmental disorders. Collectively, all four genes were associated with up to three-fourths of the ten overlapping neurodevelopmental disorders and are deleted in this most prevalent known pathogenic copy number variation now recognized among humans with these clinical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed K. Rafi
- Correspondence: (S.K.R.); (M.G.B.); Tel.: +816-787-4366 (S.K.R.); +913-588-1800 (M.G.B.)
| | - Merlin G. Butler
- Correspondence: (S.K.R.); (M.G.B.); Tel.: +816-787-4366 (S.K.R.); +913-588-1800 (M.G.B.)
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11
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Zhang Y, Kang HR, Han K. Differential cell-type-expression of CYFIP1 and CYFIP2 in the adult mouse hippocampus. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2019; 23:380-383. [PMID: 31853374 PMCID: PMC6913624 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2019.1696406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent molecular genetic studies have suggested that two members of the cytoplasmic FMR1-interacting protein (CYFIP) gene family, CYFIP1 and CYFIP2, are causally associated with several brain disorders. However, the clinical features of individuals with CYFIP1 and CYFIP2 variants are quite different. In addition, null mice for either Cyfip1 or Cyfip2 are lethal, indicating that these two genes cannot compensate for each other in vivo. Although these results strongly suggest that CYFIP1 and CYFIP2 have distinct functions in vivo, the detailed mechanisms underlying their differences remain enigmatic and unexplored, especially considering their high sequence homology. To address this, we analyzed a recently established mouse brain single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) database and found that Cyfip1 and Cyfip2 are dominantly expressed in non-neurons and neurons, respectively, in all tested brain regions. To validate these observations, we performed fluorescent immunohistochemistry in the adult mouse hippocampus with either a CYFIP1 or CYFIP2 antibody combined with antibodies for various cell-type-specific markers. Consistent with our analysis of the scRNAseq database, CYFIP1 signals were detected in both neurons and astrocytes, while CYFIP2 signals were mainly detected in neurons. These results suggest differential cell-type-expression of CYFIP1 and CYFIP2 in vivo, which provides novel insights into our understanding of the pathophysiology of and potential treatments for CYFIP-associated brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyae Rim Kang
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kihoon Han
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Woo YJ, Kanellopoulos AK, Hemati P, Kirschen J, Nebel RA, Wang T, Bagni C, Abrahams BS. Domain-Specific Cognitive Impairments in Humans and Flies With Reduced CYFIP1 Dosage. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 86:306-314. [PMID: 31202490 PMCID: PMC6679746 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deletions encompassing a four-gene region on chromosome 15 (BP1-BP2 at 15q11.2), seen at a population frequency of 1 in 500, are associated with increased risk for schizophrenia, epilepsy, and other common neurodevelopmental disorders. However, little is known in terms of how these common deletions impact cognition. METHODS We used a Web-based tool to characterize cognitive function in a novel cohort of adult carriers and their noncarrier family members. Results from 31 carrier and 38 noncarrier parents from 40 families were compared with control data from 6530 individuals who self-registered on the Lumosity platform and opted in to participate in research. We then examined aspects of sensory and cognitive function in flies harboring a mutation in Cyfip, the homologue of one of the genes within the deletion. For the fly studies, 10 or more groups of 50 individuals per genotype were included. RESULTS Our human studies revealed profound deficits in grammatical reasoning, arithmetic reasoning, and working memory in BP1-BP2 deletion carriers. No such deficits were observed in noncarrier spouses. Our fly studies revealed deficits in associative and nonassociative learning despite intact sensory perception. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide new insights into outcomes associated with BP1-BP2 deletions and call for a discussion on how to appropriately communicate these findings to unaffected carriers. Findings also highlight the utility of an online tool in characterizing cognitive function in a geographically distributed population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jae Woo
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | | | - Parisa Hemati
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA.,Human Genetics Program, Sarah Lawrence College, Yonkers, NY 10708 USA
| | - Jill Kirschen
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
| | - Rebecca A. Nebel
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
| | - Claudia Bagni
- University of Lausanne, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Tor Vergata University, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Rome, Italy
| | - Brett S. Abrahams
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA.,Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA.,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Brett Abrahams, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Departments of Genetics & Neuroscience, Jack & Pearl Resnick Campus, Price Center, Room 469, 1301 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY 10461, Phone (718) 678-1202,
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13
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Trent S, Hall J, Connelly WM, Errington AC. Cyfip1 Haploinsufficiency Does Not Alter GABA A Receptor δ-Subunit Expression and Tonic Inhibition in Dentate Gyrus PV + Interneurons and Granule Cells. eNeuro 2019; 6:ENEURO.0364-18.2019. [PMID: 31209152 PMCID: PMC6635810 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0364-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Copy number variation (CNV) at chromosomal region 15q11.2 is linked to increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders including autism and schizophrenia. A significant gene at this locus is cytoplasmic fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) interacting protein 1 (CYFIP1). CYFIP1 protein interacts with FMRP, whose monogenic absence causes fragile X syndrome (FXS). Fmrp knock-out has been shown to reduce tonic GABAergic inhibition by interacting with the δ-subunit of the GABAA receptor (GABAAR). Using in situ hybridization (ISH), qPCR, Western blotting techniques, and patch clamp electrophysiology in brain slices from a Cyfip1 haploinsufficient mouse, we examined δ-subunit mediated tonic inhibition in the dentate gyrus (DG). In wild-type (WT) mice, DG granule cells (DGGCs) responded to the δ-subunit-selective agonist THIP with significantly increased tonic currents. In heterozygous mice, no significant difference was observed in THIP-evoked currents in DGGCs. Phasic GABAergic inhibition in DGGC was also unaltered with no difference in properties of spontaneous IPSCs (sIPSCs). Additionally, we demonstrate that DG granule cell layer (GCL) parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PV+-INs) have functional δ-subunit-mediated tonic GABAergic currents which, unlike DGGC, are also modulated by the α1-selective drug zolpidem. Similar to DGGC, both IPSCs and THIP-evoked currents in PV+-INs were not different between Cyfip1 heterozygous and WT mice. Supporting our electrophysiological data, we found no significant change in hippocampal δ-subunit mRNA expression or protein level and no change in α1/α4-subunit mRNA expression. Thus, Cyfip1 haploinsufficiency, mimicking human 15q11.2 microdeletion syndrome, does not alter hippocampal phasic or tonic GABAergic inhibition, substantially differing from the Fmrp knock-out mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Trent
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Hall
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom
| | - William M Connelly
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - Adam C Errington
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom
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14
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Butler MG. Magnesium Supplement and the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 Microdeletion (Burnside-Butler) Syndrome: A Potential Treatment? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2914. [PMID: 31207912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The 15q11.2 BP1–BP2 microdeletion (Burnside–Butler) syndrome is an emerging disorder that encompasses four genes (NIPA1, NIPA2, CYFIP1, and TUBGCP5). When disturbed, these four genes can lead to cognitive impairment, language and/or motor delay, psychiatric/behavioral problems (attention-deficit hyperactivity, autism, dyslexia, schizophrenia/paranoid psychosis), ataxia, seizures, poor coordination, congenital anomalies, and abnormal brain imaging. This microdeletion was reported as the most common cytogenetic finding when using ultra-high- resolution chromosomal microarrays in patients presenting for genetic services due to autism with or without additional clinical features. Additionally, those individuals with Prader–Willi or Angelman syndromes having the larger typical 15q11–q13 type I deletion which includes the 15q11.2 BP1–BP2 region containing the four genes, show higher clinical severity than those having the smaller 15q11–q13 deletion where these four genes are intact. Two of the four genes (i.e., NIPA1 and NIPA2) are expressed in the brain and encode magnesium transporters. Magnesium is required in over 300 enzyme systems that are critical for multiple cellular functions, energy expenditure, protein synthesis, DNA transcription, and muscle and nerve function. Low levels of magnesium are found in those with seizures, depression, and acute or chronic brain diseases. Anecdotally, parents have administered magnesium supplements to their children with the 15q11.2 BP1–BP2 microdeletion and have observed improvement in behavior and clinical presentation. These observations require more attention from the medical community and should include controlled studies to determine if magnesium supplements could be a treatment option for this microdeletion syndrome and also for a subset of individuals with Prader–Willi and Angelman syndromes.
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15
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Fricano-Kugler C, Gordon A, Shin G, Gao K, Nguyen J, Berg J, Starks M, Geschwind DH. CYFIP1 overexpression increases fear response in mice but does not affect social or repetitive behavioral phenotypes. Mol Autism 2019; 10:25. [PMID: 31198525 PMCID: PMC6555997 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-019-0278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CYFIP1, a protein that interacts with FMRP and regulates protein synthesis and actin dynamics, is overexpressed in Dup15q syndrome as well as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While CYFIP1 heterozygosity has been rigorously studied due to its loss in 15q11.2 deletion, Prader-Willi and Angelman syndrome, the effects of CYFIP1 overexpression, as is observed in patients with CYFIP1 duplication, are less well understood. Methods We developed and validated a mouse model of human CYFIP1 overexpression (CYFIP1 OE) using qPCR and western blot analysis. We performed a large battery of behavior testing on these mice, including ultrasonic vocalizations, three-chamber social assay, home-cage behavior, Y-maze, elevated plus maze, open field test, Morris water maze, fear conditioning, prepulse inhibition, and the hot plate assay. We also performed RNA sequencing and analysis on the basolateral amygdala. Results Extensive behavioral testing in CYFIP1 OE mice reveals no changes in the core behaviors related to ASD: social interactions and repetitive behaviors. However, we did observe mild learning deficits and an exaggerated fear response. Using RNA sequencing of the basolateral amygdala, a region associated with fear response, we observed changes in pathways related to cytoskeletal regulation, oligodendrocytes, and myelination. We also identified GABA-A subunit composition changes in basolateral amygdala neurons, which are essential components of the neural fear conditioning circuit. Conclusion Overall, this research identifies the behavioral and molecular consequences of CYFIP1 overexpression and how they contribute to the variable phenotype seen in Dup15q syndrome and in ASD patients with excess CYFIP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Fricano-Kugler
- Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Aaron Gordon
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Grace Shin
- Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Kun Gao
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Jade Nguyen
- Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Jamee Berg
- Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Mary Starks
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Daniel H. Geschwind
- Program in Neurobehavioral Genetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Center for Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
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16
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Chang X, Qu H, Liu Y, Glessner J, Hou C, Wang F, Li J, Sleiman P, Hakonarson H. Microduplications at the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 locus are enriched in patients with anorexia nervosa. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 113:34-38. [PMID: 30878790 PMCID: PMC6486445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microduplication at 15q11.2 have been reported in genetic association studies of schizophrenia and autism. Given the potential overlap in psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia and autism with anorexia nervosa (AN), we were inspired to test the association of this CNV locus with the genetic susceptibility of AN using ParseCNV, a highly quality controlled CNV pipeline developed by our group. The CNV analysis was performed in 1017 AN cases and 7250 controls using the Illumina HumanHap610 SNP arrays data. We uncovered association of the 15q11.2 microduplication with AN with P = 0.00023, while no genetic association between the microdeletion of this region and AN was identified. Among four genes in this region that are not imprinted, NIPA1 has the highest expression in brain and encodes a magnesium transporter protein on early endosomes and the cell surface in neurons. Targeting at Mg2+ uptake mediated by NIPA1 presents an interesting research topic for the explorations of novel therapy for AN and other neurobehavioral diseases, such as schizophrenia and autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chang
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Huiqi Qu
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yichuan Liu
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Joseph Glessner
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Cuiping Hou
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Fengxiang Wang
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jin Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Patrick Sleiman
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- The Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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17
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Silva AI, Ulfarsson MO, Stefansson H, Gustafsson O, Walters GB, Linden DE, Wilkinson LS, Drakesmith M, Owen MJ, Hall J, Stefansson K. Reciprocal White Matter Changes Associated With Copy Number Variation at 15q11.2 BP1-BP2: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 85:563-572. [PMID: 30583851 PMCID: PMC6424871 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 cytogenetic region has been associated with learning and motor delays, autism, and schizophrenia. This region includes a gene that codes for the cytoplasmic FMR1 interacting protein 1 (CYFIP1). The CYFIP1 protein is involved in actin cytoskeletal dynamics and interacts with the fragile X mental retardation protein. Absence of fragile X mental retardation protein causes fragile X syndrome. Because abnormal white matter microstructure has been reported in both fragile X syndrome and psychiatric disorders, we looked at the impact of 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 dosage on white matter microstructure. METHODS Combining a brain-wide voxel-based approach and a regional-based analysis, we analyzed diffusion tensor imaging data from healthy individuals with the deletion (n = 30), healthy individuals with the reciprocal duplication (n = 27), and IQ-matched control subjects with no large copy number variants (n = 19), recruited from a large genotyped population sample. RESULTS We found global mirror effects (deletion > control > duplication) on fractional anisotropy. The deletion group showed widespread increased fractional anisotropy when compared with duplication. Regional analyses revealed a greater effect size in the posterior limb of the internal capsule and a tendency for decreased fractional anisotropy in duplication. CONCLUSIONS These results show a reciprocal effect of 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 on white matter microstructure, suggesting that reciprocal chromosomal imbalances may lead to opposite changes in brain structure. Findings in the deletion overlap with previous white matter differences reported in fragile X syndrome patients, suggesting common pathogenic mechanisms derived from disruptions of cytoplasmic CYFIP1-fragile X mental retardation protein complexes. Our data begin to identify specific components of the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 phenotype and neurobiological mechanisms of potential relevance to the increased risk for disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Silva
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff, United Kingdom,Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff, United Kingdom,Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Magnus O. Ulfarsson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland,Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | - G. Bragi Walters
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - David E.J. Linden
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff, United Kingdom,Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff, United Kingdom,Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Lawrence S. Wilkinson
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff, United Kingdom,Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom,MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Drakesmith
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Owen
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff, United Kingdom,Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom,MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Hall
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff, United Kingdom; Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff, United Kingdom; MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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18
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Noroozi R, Omrani MD, Sayad A, Taheri M, Ghafouri-Fard S. Cytoplasmic FMRP interacting protein 1/2 ( CYFIP1/2) expression analysis in autism. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1353-1358. [PMID: 29752658 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0249-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic FMRP interacting proteins 1 and 2 (CYFIP1/2) have been previously shown to be associated with central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Moreover, dysregulation of their expression levels results in disturbances in CNS maturation and neuronal interconnections. In the present study, we compared expression levels of CYFIP1/2 in peripheral blood of 30 ASD patients and 41 healthy subjects by means of real time PCR. Expression analysis showed significant over-expression of CYFIP1/2 in ASD patients compared with healthy subjects (Fold change = 3.252, P < 0.0001 and Fold change = 4.14, P = 0.001 respectively). Such over-expression was also seen for CYFIP1 in male and female patients when compared with the corresponding control subjects. In addition, a significant correlation was found between CYFIP1 transcript levels and age in female subjects. A significant correlation was detected between expression levels of these genes in control subjects. The current study provides further supports for contribution of CYFIP1/2 in the pathogenesis of ASD and potentiates it as a peripheral marker for ASD diagnosis. Future studies in larger sample sizes are needed to confirm the results of the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Noroozi
- Department of medical genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of medical genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- Department of medical genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of medical genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of medical genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Sayad A, Ranjbaran F, Ghafouri-Fard S, Arsang-Jang S, Taheri M. Expression Analysis of CYFIP1 and CAMKK2 Genes in the Blood of Epileptic and Schizophrenic Patients. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 65:336-42. [PMID: 29992499 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1106-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia and epilepsy are two prevalent neurological disorders with high global burden to the society. Genome-wide studies have identified potential underlying causes for these neurological diseases. In the present case-control study, we have assessed expression of CYFIP1 and CAMKK2 genes in the blood samples of epileptic and schizophrenic patients compared with healthy subjects. A total of 180 subjects including 40 epileptic patients, 50 schizophrenic patients, and 90 healthy individuals participated in the study. Expression of the mentioned genes was measured using TaqMan real-time PCR. The results demonstrated a significant upregulation of CYFIP1 gene expression in epileptic patients (P = 0.029). CAMKK2 was downregulated in female schizophrenic patients compared with female healthy individuals (P = 0.048). These results may provide new insight into the pathogenesis of epilepsy and schizophrenia and suggest these genes as potential therapeutic targets for these neurological disorders. Future studies should evaluate these results in larger cohorts of patients.
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20
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Moraes L, Zanchin NIT, Cerutti JM. ABI3, a component of the WAVE2 complex, is potentially regulated by PI3K/AKT pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:67769-67781. [PMID: 28978070 PMCID: PMC5620210 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that ABI3 expression is lost in follicular thyroid carcinomas and its restoration significantly inhibited cell growth, invasiveness, migration, and reduced tumor growth in vivo. The mechanistic basis by which ABI3 exerts its tumor suppressive effects is not fully understood. In this study, we show that ABI3 is a phosphoprotein. Using proteomic array analysis, we showed that ABI3 modulated distinct cancer-related pathways in thyroid cancer cells. The KEA analysis found that PI3K substrates were enriched and forced expression of ABI3 markedly decreased the phosphorylation of AKT and the downstream-targeted protein pGSK3β. We next used immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry to identify ABI3-interacting proteins that may be involved in modulating/integrating signaling pathways. We identified 37 ABI3 partners, including several components of the canonical WAVE regulatory complex (WRC) such as WAVE2/CYF1P1/NAP1, suggesting that ABI3 function might be regulated through WRC. Both, pharmacological inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway and mutation at residue S342 of ABI3, which is predicted to be phosphorylated by AKT, provided evidences that the non-phosphorylated form of ABI3 is preferentially present in the WRC protein complex. Collectively, our findings suggest that ABI3 might be a downstream mediator of the PI3K/AKT pathway that might disrupt WRC via ABI3 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais Moraes
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilson I T Zanchin
- Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Janete M Cerutti
- Genetic Bases of Thyroid Tumors Laboratory, Division of Genetics, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Abekhoukh S, Sahin HB, Grossi M, Zongaro S, Maurin T, Madrigal I, Kazue-Sugioka D, Raas-Rothschild A, Doulazmi M, Carrera P, Stachon A, Scherer S, Drula Do Nascimento MR, Trembleau A, Arroyo I, Szatmari P, Smith IM, Milà M, Smith AC, Giangrande A, Caillé I, Bardoni B. New insights into the regulatory function of CYFIP1 in the context of WAVE- and FMRP-containing complexes. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:463-474. [PMID: 28183735 PMCID: PMC5399562 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.025809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic FMRP interacting protein 1 (CYFIP1) is a candidate gene for intellectual disability (ID), autism, schizophrenia and epilepsy. It is a member of a family of proteins that is highly conserved during evolution, sharing high homology with its Drosophila homolog, dCYFIP. CYFIP1 interacts with the Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP, encoded by the FMR1 gene), whose absence causes Fragile X syndrome, and with the translation initiation factor eIF4E. It is a member of the WAVE regulatory complex (WRC), thus representing a link between translational regulation and the actin cytoskeleton. Here, we present data showing a correlation between mRNA levels of CYFIP1 and other members of the WRC. This suggests a tight regulation of the levels of the WRC members, not only by post-translational mechanisms, as previously hypothesized. Moreover, we studied the impact of loss of function of both CYFIP1 and FMRP on neuronal growth and differentiation in two animal models - fly and mouse. We show that these two proteins antagonize each other's function not only during neuromuscular junction growth in the fly but also during new neuronal differentiation in the olfactory bulb of adult mice. Mechanistically, FMRP and CYFIP1 modulate mTor signaling in an antagonistic manner, likely via independent pathways, supporting the results obtained in mouse as well as in fly at the morphological level. Collectively, our results illustrate a new model to explain the cellular roles of FMRP and CYFIP1 and the molecular significance of their interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Abekhoukh
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,CNRS UMR 7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, 06560 Valbonne, France.,CNRS Associated International Laboratory (LIA) 'Neogenex', 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - H Bahar Sahin
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France.,CNRS, UMR7104, 67400 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67400 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Mauro Grossi
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,CNRS UMR 7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, 06560 Valbonne, France.,CNRS Associated International Laboratory (LIA) 'Neogenex', 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Samantha Zongaro
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,CNRS UMR 7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, 06560 Valbonne, France.,CNRS Associated International Laboratory (LIA) 'Neogenex', 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Thomas Maurin
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,CNRS UMR 7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, 06560 Valbonne, France.,CNRS Associated International Laboratory (LIA) 'Neogenex', 06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Irene Madrigal
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniele Kazue-Sugioka
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,CNRS UMR 7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, 06560 Valbonne, France.,CNRS Associated International Laboratory (LIA) 'Neogenex', 06560 Valbonne, France.,Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Principe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil
| | - Annick Raas-Rothschild
- Institute of Rare Diseases, Institute of Medical Genetics, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - Mohamed Doulazmi
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR8256, IBPS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, France
| | - Pilar Carrera
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France.,CNRS, UMR7104, 67400 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67400 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Andrea Stachon
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Principe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil
| | - Steven Scherer
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1X8
| | | | - Alain Trembleau
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR8256, IBPS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, France
| | - Ignacio Arroyo
- Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada, M5G 1X8
| | - Isabel M Smith
- Departments of Pediatrics and Psychology & Neuroscience, Dalhousie University and IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Canada, B3K 6R8
| | - Montserrat Milà
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adam C Smith
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Principe, Curitiba 80250-060, Brazil.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto and Program in Laboratory Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Angela Giangrande
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 67400 Illkirch, France.,CNRS, UMR7104, 67400 Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U964, 67400 Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Isabelle Caillé
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Univ Paris 06, CNRS UMR8256, IBPS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot-Paris 7, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Barbara Bardoni
- Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France .,CNRS UMR 7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, 06560 Valbonne, France.,CNRS Associated International Laboratory (LIA) 'Neogenex', 06560 Valbonne, France
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22
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Picinelli C, Lintas C, Piras IS, Gabriele S, Sacco R, Brogna C, Persico AM. Recurrent 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 microdeletions and microduplications in the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171:1088-1098. [PMID: 27566550 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Rare and common CNVs can contribute to the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. One of the recurrent genomic aberrations associated with these phenotypes and proposed as a susceptibility locus is the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 CNV encompassing TUBGCP5, CYFIP1, NIPA2, and NIPA1. Characterizing by array-CGH a cohort of 243 families with various neurodevelopmental disorders, we identified five patients carrying the 15q11.2 duplication and one carrying the deletion. All CNVs were confirmed by qPCR and were inherited, except for one duplication where parents were not available. The phenotypic spectrum of CNV carriers was broad but mainly neurodevelopmental, in line with all four genes being implicated in axonal growth and neural connectivity. Phenotypically normal and mildly affected carriers complicate the interpretation of this aberration. This variability may be due to reduced penetrance or altered gene dosage on a particular genetic background. We evaluated the expression levels of the four genes in peripheral blood RNA and found the expected reduction in the deleted case, while duplicated carriers displayed high interindividual variability. These data suggest that differential expression of these genes could partially account for differences in clinical phenotypes, especially among duplication carriers. Furthermore, urinary Mg2+ levels appear negatively correlated with NIPA2 gene copy number, suggesting they could potentially represent a useful biomarker, whose reliability will need replication in larger samples. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Picinelli
- Unit of Child and Adolescent NeuroPsychiatry & Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, University "Campus Bio-Medico", Rome, Italy.,Mafalda Luce Center for Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Milan, Italy
| | - Carla Lintas
- Unit of Child and Adolescent NeuroPsychiatry & Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, University "Campus Bio-Medico", Rome, Italy
| | - Ignazio Stefano Piras
- Unit of Child and Adolescent NeuroPsychiatry & Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, University "Campus Bio-Medico", Rome, Italy.,Mafalda Luce Center for Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Gabriele
- Unit of Child and Adolescent NeuroPsychiatry & Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, University "Campus Bio-Medico", Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Sacco
- Unit of Child and Adolescent NeuroPsychiatry & Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, University "Campus Bio-Medico", Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Brogna
- Unit of Child and Adolescent NeuroPsychiatry & Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry and Neurogenetics, University "Campus Bio-Medico", Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Maria Persico
- Mafalda Luce Center for Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, "Gaetano Martino" University Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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23
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Majumder P, Chu JF, Chatterjee B, Swamy KBS, Shen CKJ. Co-regulation of mRNA translation by TDP-43 and Fragile X Syndrome protein FMRP. Acta Neuropathol 2016; 132:721-738. [PMID: 27518042 PMCID: PMC5073124 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-016-1603-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
For proper mammalian brain development and functioning, the translation of many neuronal mRNAs needs to be repressed without neuronal activity stimulations. We have discovered that the expression of a subclass of neuronal proteins essential for neurodevelopment and neuron plasticity is co-regulated at the translational level by TDP-43 and the Fragile X Syndrome protein FMRP. Using molecular, cellular and imaging approaches, we show that these two RNA-binding proteins (RBP) co-repress the translation initiation of Rac1, Map1b and GluR1 mRNAs, and consequently the hippocampal spinogenesis. The co-repression occurs through binding of TDP-43 to mRNA(s) at specific UG/GU sequences and recruitment of the inhibitory CYFIP1-FMRP complex by its glycine-rich domain. This novel regulatory scenario could be utilized to silence a significant portion of around 160 common target mRNAs of the two RBPs. The study establishes a functional/physical partnership between FMRP and TDP-43 that mechanistically links several neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.
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24
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Di Marino D, D'Annessa I, Tancredi H, Bagni C, Gallicchio E. A unique binding mode of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E for guiding the design of novel peptide inhibitors. Protein Sci 2016; 24:1370-82. [PMID: 26013047 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and eIF4E binding proteins (4E-BP) is a promising template for the inhibition of eIF4E and the treatment of diseases such as cancer and a spectrum of autism disorders, including the Fragile X syndrome (FXS). Here, we report an atomically detailed model of the complex between eIF4E and a peptide fragment of a 4E-BP, the cytoplasmic Fragile X interacting protein (CYFIP1). This model was generated using computer simulations with enhanced sampling from an alchemical replica exchange approach and validated using long molecular dynamics simulations. 4E-BP proteins act as post-transcriptional regulators by binding to eIF4E and preventing mRNA translation. Dysregulation of eIF4E activity has been linked to cancer, FXS, and autism spectrum disorders. Therefore, the study of the mechanism of inhibition of eIF4E by 4E-BPs is key to the development of drug therapies targeting this regulatory pathways. The results obtained in this work indicate that CYFIP1 interacts with eIF4E by an unique mode not shared by other 4E-BP proteins and elucidate the mechanism by which CYFIP1 interacts with eIF4E despite having a sequence binding motif significantly different from most 4E-BPs. Our study suggests an alternative strategy for the design of eIF4E inhibitor peptides with superior potency and specificity than currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Di Marino
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, 11210
| | - Ilda D'Annessa
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Holly Tancredi
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, 11210.,Department of Computer Science, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, 11210
| | - Claudia Bagni
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Human Genetics and Leuven Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (LIND), Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Gallicchio
- Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, 11210
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25
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Abstract
Cytoplasmic FMRP-interacting protein 1 (CYFIP1) is a multifunctional protein which expresses highly at excitatory synapses and can locally regulate actin cytoskeletal dynamics, spine morphology and synaptic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor lateral diffusion. Altered synaptic actin plays a role in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of CYFIP1 in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Protein and mRNA expression levels were compared in temporal lobe tissue from patients with TLE versus trauma patients without TLE using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), double-label immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. We have further determined the expression pattern of Cyfip1 mRNA and protein in the hippocampus and adjacent cortex of a common rat model of TLE, lithium-pilocarpine treatment, compared to control rats. CYFIP1 expression was significantly up-regulated in the temporal neocortex of patients with intractable TLE and pilocarpine-treated rats compared to control groups. CYFIP1 localizes to the cytoplasm of neurons, and is not expressed in the astrocytes. Furthermore, CYFIP1 expression levels increased significantly in the two months after pilocarpine treatment, which corresponds to the period of epileptogenesis. Thus, our results indicate that CYFIP1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Huang
- a Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China
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26
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Genheden M, Kenney JW, Johnston HE, Manousopoulou A, Garbis SD, Proud CG. BDNF stimulation of protein synthesis in cortical neurons requires the MAP kinase-interacting kinase MNK1. J Neurosci 2015; 35:972-84. [PMID: 25609615 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2641-14.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the MAP kinase-interacting kinases (MNKs) have been known for >15 years, their roles in the regulation of protein synthesis have remained obscure. Here, we explore the involvement of the MNKs in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-stimulated protein synthesis in cortical neurons from mice. Using a combination of pharmacological and genetic approaches, we show that BDNF-induced upregulation of protein synthesis requires MEK/ERK signaling and the downstream kinase, MNK1, which phosphorylates eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E. Translation initiation is mediated by the interaction of eIF4E with the m(7)GTP cap of mRNA and with eIF4G. The latter interaction is inhibited by the interactions of eIF4E with partner proteins, such as CYFIP1, which acts as a translational repressor. We find that BDNF induces the release of CYFIP1 from eIF4E, and that this depends on MNK1. Finally, using a novel combination of BONCAT and SILAC, we identify a subset of proteins whose synthesis is upregulated by BDNF signaling via MNK1 in neurons. Interestingly, this subset of MNK1-sensitive proteins is enriched for functions involved in neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Additionally, we find significant overlap between our subset of proteins whose synthesis is regulated by MNK1 and those encoded by known FMRP-binding mRNAs. Together, our data implicate MNK1 as a key component of BDNF-mediated translational regulation in neurons.
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27
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Bonaccorso CM, Spatuzza M, Di Marco B, Gloria A, Barrancotto G, Cupo A, Musumeci SA, D'Antoni S, Bardoni B, Catania MV. Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) interacting proteins exhibit different expression patterns during development. Int J Dev Neurosci 2015; 42:15-23. [PMID: 25681562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome is caused by the lack of expression of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), an RNA-binding protein involved in mRNA transport and translation. FMRP is a component of mRNA ribonucleoprotein complexes and it can interact with a range of proteins either directly or indirectly, as demonstrated by two-hybrid selection and co-immunoprecipitation, respectively. Most of FMRP-interacting proteins are RNA-binding proteins such as FXR1P, FXR2P and 82-FIP. Interestingly, FMRP can also interact directly with the cytoplasmic proteins CYFIP1 and CYFIP2, which do not bind RNA and link FMRP to the RhoGTPase pathway. The interaction with these different proteins may modulate the functions of FMRP by influencing its affinity to RNA and by affecting the FMRP ability of cytoskeleton remodeling through Rho/Rac GTPases. To better define the relationship of FMRP with its interacting proteins during brain development, we have analyzed the expression pattern of FMRP and its interacting proteins in the cortex, striatum, hippocampus and cerebellum at different ages in wild type (WT) mice. FMRP and FXR2P were strongly expressed during the first week and gradually decreased thereafter, more rapidly in the cerebellum than in the cortex. FXR1P was also expressed early and showed a reduction at later stages of development with a similar developmental pattern in these two regions. CYFIP1 was expressed at all ages and peaked in the third post-natal week. In contrast, CYFIP2 and 82-FIP (only in forebrain regions) were moderately expressed at P3 and gradually increased after P7. In general, the expression pattern of each protein was similar in the regions examined, except for 82-FIP, which exhibited a strong expression at P3 and low levels at later developmental stages in the cerebellum. Our data indicate that FMRP and its interacting proteins have distinct developmental patterns of expression and suggest that FMRP may be preferentially associated to certain proteins in early and late developmental periods. In particular, the RNA-binding and cytoskeleton remodeling functions of FMRP may be differently modulated during development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Spatuzza
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, CNR, Catania, Italy
| | - B Di Marco
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, CNR, Catania, Italy; International PhD Program in Neuropharmacology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - A Gloria
- IRCCS Oasi Maria SS, Troina, EN, Italy
| | | | - A Cupo
- CNRS UMR 7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Valbonne Sophia-Antipolis, France; University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France
| | | | - S D'Antoni
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, CNR, Catania, Italy
| | - B Bardoni
- CNRS UMR 7275, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Valbonne Sophia-Antipolis, France; University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France; CNRS LIA "NEOGENEX", Valbonne Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - M V Catania
- IRCCS Oasi Maria SS, Troina, EN, Italy; Institute of Neurological Sciences, CNR, Catania, Italy.
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Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a monogenic disorder that is caused by the absence of FMR1 protein (FMRP). FXS serves as an excellent model disorder for studies investigating disturbed molecular mechanisms and synapse function underlying cognitive impairment, autism, and behavioral disturbance. Abnormalities in dendritic spines and synaptic transmission in the brain of FXS individuals and mouse models for FXS indicate perturbations in the development, maintenance, and plasticity of neuronal network connectivity. However, numerous alterations are found during the early development in FXS, including abnormal differentiation of neural progenitors and impaired migration of newly born neurons. Several aspects of FMRP function are modulated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling. Here, we review the evidence of the role for BDNF in the developing and adult FXS brain. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'BDNF Regulation of Synaptic Structure, Function, and Plasticity'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija L Castrén
- Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Rinnekoti Foundation, Rinnekodintie 10, FIN-02980 Espoo, Finland.
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Leal G, Comprido D, Duarte CB. BDNF-induced local protein synthesis and synaptic plasticity. Neuropharmacology 2013; 76 Pt C:639-56. [PMID: 23602987 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important regulator of synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus and in other brain regions, playing a role in the formation of certain forms of memory. The effects of BDNF in LTP are mediated by TrkB (tropomyosin-related kinase B) receptors, which are known to be coupled to the activation of the Ras/ERK, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and phospholipase C-γ (PLC-γ) pathways. The role of BDNF in LTP is best studied in the hippocampus, where the neurotrophin acts at pre- and post-synaptic levels. Recent studies have shown that BDNF regulates the transport of mRNAs along dendrites and their translation at the synapse, by modulating the initiation and elongation phases of protein synthesis, and by acting on specific miRNAs. Furthermore, the effect of BDNF on transcription regulation may further contribute to long-term changes in the synaptic proteome. In this review we discuss the recent progress in understanding the mechanisms contributing to the short- and long-term regulation of the synaptic proteome by BDNF, and the role in synaptic plasticity, which is likely to influence learning and memory formation. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'BDNF Regulation of Synaptic Structure, Function, and Plasticity'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciano Leal
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
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