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Du Y, Shi T, Guo S, Li H, Qin Y, Wang Y, He C, Wei Y. Unraveling the intrinsic mechanism behind the retention of arsenic in the co-gasification of coal and sewage sludge: Focus on the role of Ca and Fe compounds. J Hazard Mater 2024; 470:134211. [PMID: 38598878 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Minimizing the emission of arsenic (As) is one of the urgent problems during co-gasification of Shenmu coal (SM) and sewage sludge (SS). The intrinsic mechanism of As retention was obtained by analyzing the effect of different SM addition ratios on the As form transformation during co-gasification at 1000 °C under CO2 atmosphere. The results showed that the addition of SM effectively promoted the enrichment of As in the co-gasified residues. Especially, the best As retention rate of 65.71% was achieved with the 70 wt% addition ratio of SM. The addition of SM promoted the adsorption and chemical oxidation of As(III) to the less toxic As(V) through the coupling of Ca and Fe compounds in the co-gasified residues. XRD and XPS results indicated that Fe2O3 adsorbed As2O3(g) after partial conversion to Fe3O4 by the Boudouard reaction, while part of As2O3 was oxidized to As2O5 by lattice oxygen. Finally, the generated As2O5 was successively trapped by CaO and Fe2O3 to form stable Ca3(AsO4)2 and FeAsO4. HRTEM and TEM analysis comprehensively proved that As(III) was stabilized by the lattice cage of CaAl2Si2O8. In conclusion, the co-oxidation of Ca and Fe compounds and lattice stabilization simultaneously played a crucial role in the retention of As2O3(g) during co-gasification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Tingrui Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Shugang Guo
- Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 8 Xiaonanguan Street, Taiyuan 030012, PR China
| | - Hugang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, PR China; Laboratory of Ecology-based Solutions, College of Ecology, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Yuhong Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, PR China.
| | - Yuefeng Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Chong He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Yuexing Wei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79 Yingze West Street, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
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Zeng X, Wang J, Yang A, Cao Y. Synergistic catalytic mechanism of red mud in the co-gasification of spirit-based distillers' grains and sewage sludge. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9634. [PMID: 38671081 PMCID: PMC11052991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Experiments of co-gasification of spirit-based distillers' grains (SDG) and sewage sludge (SS) were carried out with red mud (RM) by using a self-designed fixed-bed gasifier. The effects of RM addition, gasification reaction temperature, SS and SDG blending ratio and other factors on the gasification reaction characteristics and synergism were investigated. The results are as follow: RM had catalytic effect on SS and SDG co-gasification, which can enhance the gasification reaction and H2 yield; increasing the temperature can enhance the gasification reaction and reduce the syngas H2/CO; with the increase of SDG, the H2 yield gradually grew; with the rise of SS, the gasification reaction gradually augmented. The catalytic mechanism was mainly due to the redox cycle of Fe2O3 in RM, which can promote the water transfer reaction. At the same time, the eutectic mixture of K, Na, Ca, Fe and other metal elements at high temperatures was the main reason for the synergistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zeng
- Guizhou Guida Yuanheng Environmental Protection Co. Ltd, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institution of Environmental Engineering Planning and Design, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Junliang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Aijiang Yang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yang Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Abioye KJ, Harun NY, Sufian S, Yusuf M, Jagaba AH, Waqas S, Ayodele BV, Kamyab H, Alam M, Gupta M, Gill HS, Rezania S, Chelliapan S, Kang K. Optimization of syngas production from co-gasification of palm oil decanter cake and alum sludge: An RSM approach with char characterization. Environ Res 2024; 246:118027. [PMID: 38159670 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The study explores co-gasification of palm oil decanter cake and alum sludge, investigating the correlation between input variables and syngas production. Operating variables, including temperature (700-900 °C), air flow rate (10-30 mL/min), and particle size (0.25-2 mm), were optimized to maximize syngas production using air as the gasification agent in a fixed bed horizontal tube furnace reactor. Response Surface Methodology with the Box-Behnken design was used employed for optimization. Fourier Transformed Infra-Red (FTIR) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopic (FESEM) analyses were used to analyze the char residue. The results showed that temperature and particle size have positive effects, while air flow rate has a negative effect on the syngas yield. The optimal CO + H2 composition of 39.48 vol% was achieved at 900 °C, 10 mL/min air flow rate, and 2 mm particle size. FTIR analysis confirmed the absence of C─Cl bonds and the emergence of Si─O bonds in the optimized char residue, distinguishing it from the raw sample. FESEM analysis revealed a rich porous structure in the optimized char residue, with the presence of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and aluminosilicates. These findings provide valuable insights for sustainable energy production from biomass wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunmi Joshua Abioye
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Centre of Urbanization and Resource Sustainability, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia.
| | - Noorfidza Yub Harun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia; Centre of Urbanization and Resource Sustainability, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Malaysia.
| | - Suriati Sufian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Clean Energy Technologies Research Institute (CETRI), Process Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, SK, 3737 Wascana Parkway, S4S 0A2, Canada; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Ahmad Hussaini Jagaba
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharjeel Waqas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Bamidele Victor Ayodele
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, UTE University, Calle Rumipamba S/N and Bourgeois, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India; Process Systems Engineering Centre, Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Manawwer Alam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manish Gupta
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Harjot Singh Gill
- University Centre for Research & Development, Mechanical Department, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India
| | - Shahabaldin Rezania
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan
- Engineering Department, Razak Faculty of Technology & Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kang Kang
- Biorefinery Research Institute and Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, P7B 5E1, Canada
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Sinisalu M, Järvik O, Mets B, Konist A. Co-gasification of biomass and oil shale under CO 2 atmosphere: Comparative analysis of fixed-bed reactor, gas chromatography and thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectroscopy (TGA-MS). Bioresour Technol 2024; 393:130086. [PMID: 37993064 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Co-gasification of biomass with oil shale offers potential for integrating renewable and fossil energy sources, reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Biomass (pine and birch wood and bark) and oil shale blends (10-30 wt%) were gasified under CO2 conditions using thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectrometry (TGA-MS), fixed-bed reactor, and gas chromatography. Results revealed an interaction between oil shale and biomass, enhancing CO and CH4 concentrations in the producer gas. Bark samples demonstrated higher CO concentrations compared to wood samples, particularly in pine, with 16.1 vol% and 5.4 vol%, respectively. While birch wood showed increased H2 evaporation in TGA-MS experiments, oil shale's impact on H2 concentration was inhibitive, as shown by quantitative analysis. Pine bark, with a threefold catalytic index compared to other biomass samples, demonstrated the highest total gas concentrations (19.2 vol%). Interestingly, pine bark char blends exhibited the lowest surface areas (up to 434 m2/g) among the tested samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Sinisalu
- Department of Energy Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Oliver Järvik
- Department of Energy Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Birgit Mets
- Department of Energy Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Alar Konist
- Department of Energy Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia
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Jiang W, Tao J, Zhong X, Ye Y, Kang J, Tang Q, Liu D, Ren Y, Li D, Cai H, Li D. Co-gasification of rural solid waste and biomass in rural areas: Simulation and plant-scale process. Environ Res 2023; 235:116684. [PMID: 37459946 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Co-gasification technology is considered to be one of the most potential technologies for solid waste treatment, and the co-gasification treatment of rural solid waste (RSW) and biomass can effectively promote waste reduction and resource utilization. In the present study, the co-gasification of RSW and biomass in an updraft fixed bed gasifier was simulated using the Aspen Plus software, where the simulation results were validated via plant-scale experiments. In this scenario, the impacts of biomass source (i.e., rice husk, rice straw, tree bark and corn straw), co-gasification ratio (CGR) (0-40%) and air equivalence ratio (AER) (0.30-0.55) on the performance of the fixed-bed were investigated. Results showed that Aspen Plus could describe the plant-scale co-gasification process well. Besides, the tree bark-RSW system had the highest heat conversion efficiency of 6.00 MJ/kg the simulation temperature of the gasification layer increased greatly from 485 to 913 °C when the AER increased from 0.40 to 0.55. In addition, the co-gasification of RSW and tree bark could achieve the highest efficiency at the AER of 0.45 and CGR of 20% w, in which the gasification temperature reached 799 °C with the gasification efficiency of 57.17%. This study explored the use of co-gasification of RSW and biomass in rural areas by simulation and plant-scale processes, which promotes the commercial application of co-gasification technology and contributes to sustainable waste management in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Jiale Tao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Xudong Zhong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Yuanyao Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Jianxiong Kang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Qian Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Dongqi Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Yonzheng Ren
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Daosheng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Hui Cai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Dian Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
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Ma Y, Zha Z, Huang C, Ge Z, Zeng M, Zhang H. Gasification characteristics and synergistic effects of typical organic solid wastes under CO 2/steam atmospheres. Waste Manag 2023; 168:35-44. [PMID: 37276632 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gasification technology is an effective way to achieve efficient, safe, and resourceful disposal of organic solid wastes (OSWs). Due to the complex sources and variable components of the OSWs, the co-disposal is highly essential. Various typical OSWs, including food waste (cooked rice, CR), agricultural waste (rice husk, RH; sugarcane bagasse, SB), and industrial waste (furfural residue, FR), were selected for this study. The gasification characteristics and synergistic performance were examined in terms of thermal weight loss characteristics under the CO2 atmosphere and gaseous product characteristics under the steam atmosphere. The synergistic indices of performance parameters were introduced to quantify the synergistic effects. The gasification activity of FR was remarkably higher than that of other OSWs. In the co-gasification with CR under the CO2 atmosphere, FR played an excellent positive synergistic effect, but the agricultural wastes played a slight or no synergistic effect. In the steam co-gasification, RH, SB, and FR all promoted the generation of syngas, in which FR showed still significant synergistic effects, with the synergistic indices of H2 yield, syngas yield, CCE, and CGE being 4-12 times higher than those of other blended wastes. The excellent performance of FR in (co-)gasification was mainly attributed to the acidic properties of FR, which was confirmed by comparing the (co-)gasification performance of FR with and without water-washing pretreatment. The work provides guidance for the co-disposal of OSWs in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Ma
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Zhenting Zha
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Chen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Zefeng Ge
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Mingxun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - Huiyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
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Tang F, Zhu Z, Xu C, Chi Y, Jin Y. Effects of steam and CO 2 on gasification tar composition and evolution of aromatic compounds. Waste Manag 2023; 157:219-228. [PMID: 36571989 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The removal of tar is conducive to improving the energy efficiency of downstream equipment and reducing the damage caused to it. In this study, a two-stage continuous feeding apparatus was developed to explore the yield and characteristics of tar produced from the co-gasification of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and polyethylene (PE) under separate and mixed atmospheres of steam and CO2. The tar yield can effectively reduce to 2.27 % when the steam and feedstock mass ratio (S/F) is 0.8. CO2 can partially substitute the steam in the gasification process, which can effectively promote a decrease in benzofuran. Furthermore, Gaussian software was employed to analyze the evolution mechanism of aromatic compounds. When the temperature is more than 800 °C, hydrogen consumption in the benzene cracking process is reduced, which is instrumental in improving the quality of syngas. Naphthalene is prone to form through the recombination of two cyclopentadienyls. Controlling the cyclization of cyclopentadienyls is a critical step in reducing the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. H and OH radicals are critical in phenol and benzofuran cracking, respectively. Although radicals act differently on specific aromatic compounds, the gasification effect of CO2 is less than that of steam because steam can provide both H and OH radicals, whereas CO2 needs to consume H radicals to generate OH radicals. The results provide beneficial guidance for controlling tar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tang
- School of Shipping and Naval Architecture, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlai Xu
- Beijing Water Business Doctor Co, Ltd., Beijing 100024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Hasanzadeh R, Mojaver P, Azdast T, Chitsaz A, Park CB. Low-emission and energetically efficient co-gasification of coal by incorporating plastic waste: A modeling study. Chemosphere 2022; 299:134408. [PMID: 35341769 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The issues of global plastic waste generation and demand for hydrogen energy can be simultaneously resolved by gasification process. In this regard, feasibility and efficiency of steam and air co-gasification of coal by incorporating five different and prevalent types of plastic waste were investigated in this modeling study. All steam and air coal/plastic waste co-gasification types were multi-objective optimized utilizing a response surface methodology. The best co-gasification types were selected using VIekriterijumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje (VIKOR) analysis. Overall, the results showed that incorporating plastic waste into coal gasification improved hydrogen concentration in the syngas and increased normalized carbon dioxide production due to the high carbon content of plastic waste and activation of water-gas and CO shift reactions. VIKOR analysis revealed that steam coal/low density polyethylene was the best optimized co-gasification type with hydrogen concentration of 62.8 mol %, normalized carbon dioxide production of 2.60 g/mol, based on the feedstock entering the system, and energy efficiency of 76.6%. Increasing gasifier temperature enhanced hydrogen concentration and decreased normalized carbon dioxide production. The energy efficiency was markedly improved by increasing the moisture content and decreasing the ratio of steam/feedstock. This study confirmed the hypothesis of efficient utilization of plastic waste in coal/plastic waste co-gasification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parisa Mojaver
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Taher Azdast
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Ata Chitsaz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Chul B Park
- Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML), Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Yang P, Zhao S, Zhang Q, Hu J, Liu R, Huang Z, Gao Y. Synergistic effect of the cotton stalk and high-ash coal on gas production during co-pyrolysis/gasification. Bioresour Technol 2021; 336:125336. [PMID: 34082337 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The synergistic effect of the cotton stalk (CS) and the high-ash coal (HAC) on the gas production in the co-pyrolysis/gasification processes was studied using the newly designed quartz boat in this work. The gas yield and the concentrations of main gas components were quantitatively compared between the co-pyrolysis/gasification and the individual pyrolysis/gasification. The results showed that the gas yield during the co-pyrolysis was promoted at 950℃. There was almost no interaction between CS and HAC, since the co-pyrolytic gas yield exhibited a linear relationship with CS mixing ratio of 20% to 60%. The catalytic effect of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals that existed in CS, was enhanced by the addition of steam, and the synergistic effect was reduced while gas yield was enhanced with CS blending ratio increasing during co-gasification. The results provided a method to enhance synergistic effect between biomass and coal during co-pyrolysis/gasification in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panbo Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Shuheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Quanguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jianjun Hu
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Ronghou Liu
- Biomass Energy Engineering Research Centre, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, CAS, No.2 Nengyuan Road, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou,510640, China
| | - Yulong Gao
- Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Anniwaer A, Chaihad N, Zhang M, Wang C, Yu T, Kasai Y, Abudula A, Guan G. Hydrogen-rich gas production from steam co-gasification of banana peel with agricultural residues and woody biomass. Waste Manag 2021; 125:204-214. [PMID: 33711734 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Steam co-gasification of banana peel with other biomass, i.e., Japanese cedar wood, rice husk and their mixture, was carried out for the hydrogen-rich gas production in a fixed-bed reactor. For the co-gasification process, the banana peels were physically mixed with rice husk, Japanese cedarwood and their mixture respectively by different mixing weight ratios. The effects of reaction temperature and the addition amount of banana peel on the gas production yield were investigated by comparing the experimental data with the calculated ones based on the individual biomass gasification at the same condition. It was found that the banana peel with a high content of alkali and alkaline earth metal (AAEM) species exhibited not only high gasification reactivity but also a significant enhancing catalytic effect on the co-gasification process at the low temperature, especially with the biomass containing no silica species. The high content of silica species in the rice husk had a negative effect on the gasification reactivity of banana peel during the co-gasification since it could hinder the release of AAEM from the biomass and/or lead to the possible formation of inactive alkaline silicates. However, the combination of these three samples with the suitable weight ratio could improve the gasification performance at the low temperature due to the synergetic effect provided by high contents of potassium and calcium from banana peel and cedarwood respectively. Moreover, the addition of calcined seashells as the CaO source could further improve the gas production yield, especially the hydrogen gas yield at a relatively low gasification temperature of 750 ℃.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisikaer Anniwaer
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 1-Bunkyocho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8560, Japan
| | - Nichaboon Chaihad
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 1-Bunkyocho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8560, Japan
| | - Mengjuan Zhang
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 1-Bunkyocho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8560, Japan
| | - Chao Wang
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 1-Bunkyocho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8560, Japan
| | - Tao Yu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 1-Bunkyocho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8560, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kasai
- Industrial Research Institute, Aomori Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center, 4-11-6, Daini-Tonyamachi, Aomori 030-0113, Japan
| | - Abuliti Abudula
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 1-Bunkyocho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8560, Japan.
| | - Guoqing Guan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 1-Bunkyocho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8560, Japan; Institute of Regional Innovation, Hirosaki University, 2-1-3 Matsubara, Aomori 030-0813, Japan.
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11
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Al-Attas TA, Lucky RA, Hossain MM. Apparent Kinetics of Co-Gasification of Biomass and Vacuum Gas Oil (VGO). Chem Asian J 2021; 16:507-520. [PMID: 33369225 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This communication reports the beneficial effects of co-gasification of biomass and residual oil to produce syngas. In this regard, various blends of glucose (a biomass surrogate) to vacuum gas oil (VGO) have been employed to investigate the synergic effects on the gasification process. The non-isothermal co-gasification experiments were conducted in a thermogravimetric analyzer at different heating rates and gasifying agents. The analysis showed that the co-gasification rate increased with the increase of glucose content in the feedstock. The presence of the oxygen in the biomass molecules helped the overall gasification process. The maximum gasification rate of 42.70 wt/min (DTGmax ) was observed with 25 wt% glucose containing sample. The use of gasifying agents appeared to have some influence, especially during high temperature gasification of the glucose-VGO blends. At a same gasification temperature, the co-gasification rate of glucose-VGO blends were found to be 125.7 wt/min and 98.59 wt%/min for N2 and CO2 , respectively. The kinetics of the co-gasification of glucose-VGO blends was conducted based on modified random pore model using TGA experimental data and implemented in MATLAB. The estimated activation energy and rate constants were found to be consistent to the observed co-gasification rates. The apparent activation energies of co-gasification of VGO/biomass blends with different weight percentages shows values ranging 60.56-48.25 kJ/mol. The kinetics analysis suggested that the addition of biomass helped to increase the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy required for accomplishing the reactions compared with petroleum carbonaceous feedstocks. The reaction rate constants isotherms are plotted to show that the k-values are exhibiting similar trends at moderate heating rates between 20 and 60 °C/min. This remark arises due to the nature of the reactions involved which are considered to be inherently similar in this range of heating rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq A Al-Attas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2 N 1 N4, Canada
| | - Rahima A Lucky
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6 A 3 K7, Canada
| | - Mohammad M Hossain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Tong S, Sun Y, Li X, Hu Z, Worasuwannarak N, Liu H, Hu H, Luo G, Yao H. Gas-pressurized torrefaction of biomass wastes: Co-gasification of gas-pressurized torrefied biomass with coal. Bioresour Technol 2021; 321:124505. [PMID: 33316697 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Co-gasification of coal and biomass offers a relatively cleaner utilization way of fossil fuel. The fuel property improvement of biomass can not only improve the property of syngas but also enhance the synergistic effect during the co-gasification. In our previous work, a novel gas-pressurized (abbreviated as GP) torrefaction was proposed to effectively upgrade the biomass under mild condition. In this work, the co-gasification of GP torrefied biomass and coal were conducted to explore the synergistic effect and kinetics. Significant synergistic effect during the co-gasification was proved. The CO yield of co-gasification increased to as high as 70.70 mol/kg, resulting from the promotion of carbon in coal converting into CO by GPRS. Furthermore, the kinetic model of RPM was most fitting for the co-gasification, and the activation energy of co-gasification was reduced. Thus, the coal gasification was promoted significantly by GP torrefied biomass through obvious synergistic effect during the co-gasification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yiming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Zhenzhong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Nakorn Worasuwannarak
- The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, Center of Excellence on Energy Technology and Environment, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha-Uthit Rd., Bangmod, Tungkru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongyun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guangqian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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13
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Gomez RD, Palacio M, Arango JF, Avila AE, Mendoza JM. Evaluation of the energy generation potential by an experimental characterization of residual biomass blends from Córdoba, Colombia in a downdraft gasifier. Waste Manag 2021; 120:522-529. [PMID: 33160810 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An experimental characterization of crop residue biomass blends to evaluate their energy potential was conducted using an experimental approach in a commercial scale downdraft gasifier. Corncobs, rice husks, sesame stalks and cotton gin refuse were used to study the effect of mixture proportions on equivalence ratio, gasification temperature, syngas lower heating value (LHV), and cold gas efficiency (CGE). Using an experimental mixture design, thirty-two sample blends were evaluated in an Ankur WBG-30 downdraft gasifier with 30 kg/h feed supply coupled with a syngas purification system, temperature sensors and a gas chromatograph. Syngas composition CO, H2, CH4, N2 and CO2 are presented for each blend. It was found that temperature, syngas composition, syngas lower heating value and cold gas efficiency were negatively affected as the proportion of rice husks in the mixture was increased. It was possible to reach CGE values up to 57.91% and LHV up to 4460 kJ/kg under certain blending conditions. A higher percentages of rice husks caused a considerable increase in the variability of the equivalence ratio resulting in suboptimal gasification conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael D Gomez
- Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Colombia.
| | - Mario Palacio
- Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Colombia.
| | - Juan F Arango
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad De Córdoba, Colombia.
| | - Adrian E Avila
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad De Córdoba, Colombia.
| | - Jorge M Mendoza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad De Córdoba, Colombia.
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Yang Y, Liew RK, Tamothran AM, Foong SY, Yek PNY, Chia PW, Van Tran T, Peng W, Lam SS. Gasification of refuse-derived fuel from municipal solid waste for energy production: a review. Environ Chem Lett 2021; 19:2127-2140. [PMID: 33462541 PMCID: PMC7805569 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-020-01177-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Dwindling fossil fuels and improper waste management are major challenges in the context of increasing population and industrialization, calling for new waste-to-energy sources. For instance, refuse-derived fuels can be produced from transformation of municipal solid waste, which is forecasted to reach 2.6 billion metric tonnes in 2030. Gasification is a thermal-induced chemical reaction that produces gaseous fuel such as hydrogen and syngas. Here, we review refuse-derived fuel gasification with focus on practices in various countries, recent progress in gasification, gasification modelling and economic analysis. We found that some countries that replace coal by refuse-derived fuel reduce CO2 emission by 40%, and decrease the amount municipal solid waste being sent to landfill by more than 50%. The production cost of energy via refuse-derived fuel gasification is estimated at 0.05 USD/kWh. Co-gasification by using two feedstocks appears more beneficial over conventional gasification in terms of minimum tar formation and improved process efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-Added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Rock Keey Liew
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Eco-Innovation Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- NV WESTERN PLT, No. 208B, Second Floor, Jalan Macalister, 10400 Georgetown, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | | | - Shin Ying Foong
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Peter Nai Yuh Yek
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- School of Engineering and Technology, University College of Technology Sarawak, Lot 88, Persiaran Brooke, 96000 Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Poh Wai Chia
- Eco-Innovation Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Thuan Van Tran
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414 Vietnam
- Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials (CE@GrEEN), Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414 Vietnam
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-Added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-Added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 China
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
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15
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Diao R, Yuan X, Sun M, Zhu X. Thermogravimetric investigation on the effect of reaction temperature and blend ratio on co-gasification characteristics of pyrolytic oil distillation residue with biochar. Bioresour Technol 2020; 309:123360. [PMID: 32305013 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the CO2 co-gasification characteristics of pyrolytic oil distillation residue and biochar under different reaction temperatures were investigated by thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The influence of blend ratio on co-gasification synergy was adequately characterized by correlating the evolution of chemical structure and active AAEMs. The results indicated that increasing proportion of pyrolytic oil distillation residue could effectively improve gasification reactivity of biochar and enhance synergistic behaviors during co-gasification process, whereas the raising reaction temperature dwindled the enhancement of co-gasification reactivity and mutual promotion between individual samples. Moreover, three gasification kinetic models suggested that the lowest apparent activation energy (181.49~182.72 kJ/mol) among blends was obtained by 70 wt% additions of pyrolytic oil distillation residue. Furthermore, the results of Raman and ICP-AES analysis well related to the co-gasification synergy. The migration of active AAEMs and evolution of carbon structure had a pronounced influence on synergistic effect as co-gasification reaction progressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Diao
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Xinhua Yuan
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Mengchao Sun
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China
| | - Xifeng Zhu
- Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PR China.
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16
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Lv J, Ao X, Li Q, Cao Y, Chen Q, Xie Y. Steam co-gasification of different ratios of spirit-based distillers' grains and anthracite coal to produce hydrogen-rich gas. Bioresour Technol 2019; 283:59-66. [PMID: 30901589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the gas release rate and gas composition in the steam gasification of blends of anthracite coal and spirit-based distillers' grains (SDG) with mass ratios of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3 were studied. The changes in the gasification reaction activity for different gasification temperatures and sample ratios were investigated, and the synergy between SDG and coal in terms of co-gasification was analysed. The results indicated that the instantaneous release rate of hydrogen was higher than that of other gases for all sample ratios. Upon the addition of SDG, the H2 content increased while CO and CO2 contents decreased. The gasification reactivity increased with decreased temperature and ratio of SDG. Furthermore, potassium and calcium in SDG ash played a synergistic catalytic role in the gasification reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Lv
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xianquan Ao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Qian Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yang Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qianlin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yan Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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17
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Ozonoh M, Aniokete TC, Oboirien BO, Daramola MO. Dataset on the assessment of the environmental, economic and energy parameters of 5 MW CHP co-gasification plant using South African coal, biomass and waste-tyre. Data Brief 2019; 21:2598-2608. [PMID: 30761342 PMCID: PMC6288416 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.10.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The data provided in this article supplements the data information provided in “Techno-economic analysis of electricity and heat production by co-gasification of coal, biomass and waste tyre in South Africa” [1]. The generation of the data considered co-generation of a coal sample (Matla coal) with pine sawdust, sugarcane bagasse, corn cob, and waste tyre at a blend ratio of 1:1, 3:2, and 4:1. The cost evaluation of the use of the feedstocks was considered with feedstock costing (WFC) and without feedstock costing (WOFC). Profitability assessment tools for the case study included NPV, IRR and PBP. The data as contained in this article could be useful for a quick decision making on a similar project by the government and stakeholders in the sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ozonoh
- School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - T C Aniokete
- School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - B O Oboirien
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - M O Daramola
- School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
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18
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Thengane SK, Gupta A, Mahajani SM. Co-gasification of high ash biomass and high ash coal in downdraft gasifier. Bioresour Technol 2019; 273:159-168. [PMID: 30439634 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present work studies gasification of high ash biomass (20-25% w/w), high ash coal (30-35% w/w), and their co-gasification in a downdraft gasifier developed in our earlier study (Siddiqui et al., 2018). TGA studies were performed to examine the change in performance due to the catalytic effect of inorganic content. The effect of biomass ratio (BR) was examined. Higher percentage of biomass increased the conversion to gas on carbon basis, and decreased the conversions to char and tar. The presence of coal enhanced the temperature and hence the rates of the reactions to certain extent. The respective cold gas and thermal efficiencies for BR0 are 33.06% and 49.38%, and for BR1 are 52.22% and 64.15%. BR0.75 gave the best performance with CGE of 57.5% and thermal efficiency of 72.63%. Finally, the clinker formation issue and the preliminary atmospheric emissions measurements are reported for gasifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal K Thengane
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ankita Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sanjay M Mahajani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
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19
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Edreis EMA, Li X, Luo G, Sharshir SW, Yao H. Kinetic analyses and synergistic effects of CO 2 co-gasification of low sulphur petroleum coke and biomass wastes. Bioresour Technol 2018; 267:54-62. [PMID: 30014998 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study presents thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) of CO2 co-gasification of petroleum coke with low sulphur (PC) and various types of biomass wastes including agricultural (rice husk (RH), rice stalk (RS) and cotton straw (CS)) and by-product wastes (saw dust (SD) and sugar cane bagasse (SCB)). Their reactivities, synergistic effect and kinetics were studied and compared in detail. The homogeneous model (HM) and shrinking core models (SCM) were applied to estimate the kinetic parameters. The results indicated that obvious synergistic effect was observed during the co-gasification of the blends. The PC gasification reactivity was significantly improved by the addition of biomass wastes. The model of R2 was found to be most suitable for the co-gasification. The activation energy of PC was decrease from 293.72 kJ/mol to117.04 kJ/mol by the addition of SD. The co-gasification of PC and biomass waste is a promising way for the efficient utilization of PC and biomass wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elbager M A Edreis
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Blue Nile, Roseires, Sudan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Alsalama College of Sciences & Technology (ACST), Khartoum Bahri, Sudan
| | - Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion and Chemical Process Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Guangqian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - S W Sharshir
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Hong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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20
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Li J, Wang X, Wang B, Zhao J, Fang Y. Investigation on the fates of vanadium and nickel during co-gasification of petroleum coke with biomass. Bioresour Technol 2018; 257:47-53. [PMID: 29482165 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the volatilization behaviors and mineral transformation of vanadium and nickel during co-gasification of petroleum coke with biomass. Moreover, the evolution of occurrence modes of vanadium and nickel was also determined by the method of sequential chemical extraction. The results show that the volatilities of vanadium and nickel in petroleum coke have a certain level of growth with an increase in the temperature. With the addition of biomass, their volatilities both show an obvious decrease. Organic matter and stable forms are the dominant chemical forms of vanadium and nickel. After gasification, organic-bound vanadium and nickel decompose completely and convert into other chemical forms. The crystalline phases of vanadium trioxide, coulsonite, nickel sulfide, and elemental nickel are clearly present in petroleum coke and biomass gasification ashes. When the addition of biomass reaches 60 wt%, the diffraction peaks of orthovanadate are found while that of vanadium trioxide disappear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiantao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Yitian Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
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21
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Yan L, Cao Y, Li X, He B. Characterization of a dual fluidized bed gasifier with blended biomass/coal as feedstock. Bioresour Technol 2018; 254:97-106. [PMID: 29413945 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A one-dimensional model is built based on the commercial Aspen Plus software to kinetically simulate the biomass/coal co-gasification process in a dual fluidized bed gasifier. The synergistic effect on the co-gasification kinetics is allowed for, and is coupled with the gas-solid flow hydrodynamics. With the developed model, the effects of different key operating parameters including the biomass blending ratio (Rb), the initial bed temperature (Tg), the feedstock mass flow rate (Ffs), the bed material flux (Fbm) and the steam to carbon ratio (Rsc) on the resultant syngas composition and the supplemental fuel mass flow rate (Fsf) are investigated, and the operation parameters are optimized. It is found that increasing Rb and Tg can enhance the gasification, while increasing Ffs and Rsc restricts the gasification. Increasing Fbm has slight effect on the gasification results but can reduce Fsf. The cold gas efficiency is up to 78.9% under the proposed optimum condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linbo Yan
- Institute of Combustion and Thermal System, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
| | - Yang Cao
- Institute of Combustion and Thermal System, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xuezheng Li
- Institute of Combustion and Thermal System, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Boshu He
- Institute of Combustion and Thermal System, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
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Beagle E, Wang Y, Bell D, Belmont E. Co-gasification of pine and oak biochar with sub-bituminous coal in carbon dioxide. Bioresour Technol 2018; 251:31-39. [PMID: 29257994 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pine and oak biochars derived as byproducts of demonstration-scale pyrolysis, and blends of these two feedstocks with Powder River Basin coal, were gasified in a carbon dioxide environment using a modified drop tube reactor (MDTR) and a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The impact of gasification temperature on conversion kinetics was evaluated from the temporal evolution of major product gases in the MDTR as measured using a mass spectrometer. Random pore modeling was conducted to simulate gasification in the MDTR with favorable results. The MDTR and TGA were used to conduct gasification for assessment of non-linear additive effects in the blends. Additive analysis of the blends showed deviation from the experimental blend results, indicating inhibiting effects of co-gasifying the biochar and coal. Inhibitory effects are more significant for oak than pine and more pronounced in the TGA at lower gasification temperatures. Results are discussed in the context of feedstock and reactor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Beagle
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
| | - D Bell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
| | - E Belmont
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States.
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Zhang Y, Geng P, Liu R. Synergistic combination of biomass torrefaction and co-gasification: Reactivity studies. Bioresour Technol 2017; 245:225-233. [PMID: 28892695 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Two typical biomass feedstocks obtained from woody wastes and agricultural residues were torrefied or mildly pyrolized in a fixed-bed reactor. Effects of the torrefaction conditions on product distributions, compositional and energetic properties of the solid products, char gasification reactivity, and co-gasification behavior between coal and torrefied solids were systematically investigated. Torrefaction pretreatment produced high quality bio-solids with not only increased energy density, but also concentrated alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEM). As a consequence of greater retention of catalytic elements in the solid products, the chars derived from torrefied biomass exhibited a faster conversion than those derived from raw biomass during CO2 gasification. Furthermore, co-gasification of coal/torrefied biomass blends exhibited stronger synergy compared to the coal/raw biomass blends. The results and insights provided by this study filled a gap in understanding synergy during co-gasification of coal and torrefied biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City 116024, China.
| | - Ping Geng
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City 116024, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City 116024, China
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24
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Hu J, Shao J, Yang H, Lin G, Chen Y, Wang X, Zhang W, Chen H. Co-gasification of coal and biomass: Synergy, characterization and reactivity of the residual char. Bioresour Technol 2017; 244:1-7. [PMID: 28777985 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The synergy effect between coal and biomass in their co-gasification was studied in a vertical fixed bed reactor, and the physic-chemical structural characteristics and gasification reactivity of the residual char obtained from co-gasification were also investigated. The results shows that, conversion of the residual char and tar into gas is enhanced due to the synergy effect between coal and biomass. The physical structure of residual char shows more pore on coal char when more biomass is added in the co-gasification. The migration of inorganic elements between coal and biomass was found, the formation and competitive role of K2SiO3, KAlSiO4, and Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 is a mechanism behind the synergy. The graphization degree is enhanced but size of graphite crystallite in the residual char decreases with biomass blending ratio increasing. TGA results strongly suggest the big difference in the reactivity of chars derived from coal and biomass in spite of influence from co-gasification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jingai Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Haiping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Guiying Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yingquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xianhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Wennan Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall SE-85170, Sweden
| | - Hanping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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25
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Wei J, Guo Q, He Q, Ding L, Yoshikawa K, Yu G. Co-gasification of bituminous coal and hydrochar derived from municipal solid waste: Reactivity and synergy. Bioresour Technol 2017; 239:482-489. [PMID: 28544988 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the influences of gasification temperature and blended ratio on co-gasification reactivity and synergy of Shenfu bituminous coal (SF) and municipal solid waste-derived hydrochar (HTC) were investigated using TGA. Additionally, active alkaline and alkaline earth metal (AAEM) transformation during co-gasification was quantitatively analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer for correlating synergy on co-gasification reactivity. The results showed that higher char gasification reactivity existed at higher HTC char proportion and gasification temperature, and the main synergy behaviour on co-gasification reactivity was performed as synergistic effect. Enhanced synergistic effect at lower temperature was mainly resulted from more obviously inhibiting the primary AAEM (i.e. active Ca) transformation, and weak synergistic effect still existed at higher temperature since more active K with prominent catalysis was retained. Furthermore, more active HTC-derived AAEM remaining in SF sample during co-gasification would lead to enhanced synergistic effect as HTC char proportion increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Qinghua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Qing He
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Lu Ding
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Kunio Yoshikawa
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Guangsuo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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26
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Wei J, Guo Q, Gong Y, Ding L, Yu G. Synergistic effect on co-gasification reactivity of biomass-petroleum coke blended char. Bioresour Technol 2017; 234:33-39. [PMID: 28315602 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, effects of gasification temperature (900°C-1100°C) and blended ratio (3:1, 1:1, 1:3) on reactivity of petroleum coke and biomass co-gasification were studied in TGA. Quantification analysis of active AAEM transformation and in situ investigation of morphological structure variations in gasification were conducted respectively using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer and heating stage microscope to explore synergistic effect on co-gasification reactivity. The results indicated that char gasification reactivity was enhanced with increasing biomass proportion and gasification temperature. Synergistic effect on co-gasification reactivity was presented after complete generation of biomass ash, and gradually weakened with increasing temperature from 1000°C to 1100°C after reaching the most significant value at 1000°C. This phenomenon was well related with the appearance of molten biomass ash rich in glassy state potassium and the weakest inhibition effect on active potassium transformation during co-gasification at the temperature higher than 1000°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Qinghua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Lu Ding
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Guangsuo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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27
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Wei J, Gong Y, Guo Q, Ding L, Wang F, Yu G. Physicochemical evolution during rice straw and coal co-pyrolysis and its effect on co-gasification reactivity. Bioresour Technol 2017; 227:345-352. [PMID: 28042990 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Physicochemical evolution (i.e. pore structure variation, carbon structure change and active AAEM transformation) during rice straw (RS) and Shenfu bituminous coal (SF) co-pyrolysis was quantitatively determined in this work. Moreover, the corresponding char gasification was conducted using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and relative reactivity was proposed to quantify the co-pyrolysis impact on co-gasification reactivity. The results showed that the development of pore structure in co-pyrolyzed chars was first inhibited and then enhanced with the decrease of SF proportion. The promotion effect of co-pyrolysis on order degree of co-pyrolyzed chars gradually weakened with increasing RS proportion. Co-pyrolysis mainly enhanced active K transformation in co-pyrolyzed chars and the promotion effect was alleviated with increasing RS proportion. The inhibition effect of co-pyrolysis on co-gasification reactivity weakened with increasing RS proportion and gasification temperature, which was mainly attributed to the combination of carbon structure evolution and active AAEM transformation in co-pyrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Qinghua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Lu Ding
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Fuchen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Guangsuo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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28
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Wei J, Guo Q, Chen H, Chen X, Yu G. Study on reactivity characteristics and synergy behaviours of rice straw and bituminous coal co-gasification. Bioresour Technol 2016; 220:509-515. [PMID: 27611034 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Co-gasification of rice straw (RS) and Shenfu bituminous coal (SF) was conducted in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) to explore the effects of gasification temperature and blend ratio on reactivity characteristics and synergy behaviours of co-gasification. Moreover, the relationship between the synergy and the K/Ca transformation in co-gasification was studied using flame atomic absorption spectrum (FAAS) and in-situ heating stage microscope. The results showed that the whole reactivities increased with increasing RS proportion and gasification temperature. The transformation of water-soluble and ion-exchanged (ws-ie) calcium was enhanced in whole co-gasification and the ws-ie potassium transformation was obviously inhibited in mid-late reaction. Hence, synergy behaviours were synthetically determined by the enhancement of Ca deactivation and the strengthening of K catalysis. The inhibiting effect was occurred in initial co-gasification and was converted to the synergistic effect at a characteristic conversion, which decreased with increasing RS proportion and decreasing gasification temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Qinghua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Handing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Xueli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Guangsuo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Gasification and Energy Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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29
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Satyam Naidu V, Aghalayam P, Jayanti S. Synergetic and inhibition effects in carbon dioxide gasification of blends of coals and biomass fuels of Indian origin. Bioresour Technol 2016; 209:157-165. [PMID: 26967339 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the enhancement of CO2 gasification reactivity of coals due to the presence of catalytic elements in biomass such as K2O, CaO, Na2O and MgO. Co-gasification of three Indian coal chars with two biomass chars has been studied using isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in CO2 environment at 900, 1000 and 1100°C. The conversion profiles have been used to establish synergetic or inhibitory effect on coal char reactivity by the presence of catalytic elements in biomass char by comparing the 90% conversion time with and without biomass. It is concluded that both biomasses exhibit synergistic behavior when blended with the three coals with casuarina being more synergetic than empty fruit bunch. Some inhibitory effect has been noted for the high ash coal at the highest temperature with higher 90% conversion time for the blend over pure coal, presumably due to diffusional control of the conversion rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Satyam Naidu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and National Centre for Combustion Research and Development (NCCRD), IIT Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - P Aghalayam
- Department of Chemical Engineering and National Centre for Combustion Research and Development (NCCRD), IIT Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - S Jayanti
- Department of Chemical Engineering and National Centre for Combustion Research and Development (NCCRD), IIT Madras, Chennai 600 036, India.
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30
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Yan L, Yue G, He B. Thermodynamic analyses of a biomass-coal co-gasification power generation system. Bioresour Technol 2016; 205:133-141. [PMID: 26826573 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel chemical looping power generation system is presented based on the biomass-coal co-gasification with steam. The effects of different key operation parameters including biomass mass fraction (Rb), steam to carbon mole ratio (Rsc), gasification temperature (Tg) and iron to fuel mole ratio (Rif) on the system performances like energy efficiency (ηe), total energy efficiency (ηte), exergy efficiency (ηex), total exergy efficiency (ηtex) and carbon capture rate (ηcc) are analyzed. A benchmark condition is set, under which ηte, ηtex and ηcc are found to be 39.9%, 37.6% and 96.0%, respectively. Furthermore, detailed energy Sankey diagram and exergy Grassmann diagram are drawn for the entire system operating under the benchmark condition. The energy and exergy efficiencies of the units composing the system are also predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linbo Yan
- Department of Thermal Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangxi Yue
- Department of Thermal Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Boshu He
- Institute of Combustion and Thermal Systems, School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Powertrain for New Energy Vehicle, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
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31
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Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Yang M, Song Y. Effect of fuel origin on synergy during co-gasification of biomass and coal in CO2. Bioresour Technol 2016; 200:789-794. [PMID: 26580896 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of fuel origin on synergy in coal/biomass blends during co-gasification has been assessed using a congruent-mass thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) method. Results revealed that synergy occurs when ash residuals are formed, followed by an almost complete gasification of biomass. Potassium species in biomass ash play a catalytic role in promoting gasification reactivity of coal char, which is a direct consequence of synergy during co-gasification. The SEM-EDS spectra provided conclusive evidence that the transfer of potassium from biomass to the surface of coal char occurs during co-pyrolysis/gasification. Biomass ash rich in silica eliminated synergy in coal/biomass blends but not to the extent of inhibiting the reaction rate of the blended chars to make it slower than that of separated ones. The best result in terms of synergy was concluded to be the combination of low-ash coal and K-rich biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City 116024, China.
| | - Yan Zheng
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City 116024, China
| | - Mingjun Yang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City 116024, China
| | - Yongchen Song
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian City 116024, China
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32
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Yu MM, Masnadi MS, Grace JR, Bi XT, Lim CJ, Li Y. Co-gasification of biosolids with biomass: Thermogravimetric analysis and pilot scale study in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. Bioresour Technol 2015; 175:51-58. [PMID: 25459803 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This work studied the feasibility of co-gasification of biosolids with biomass as a means of disposal with energy recovery. The kinetics study at 800°C showed that biomass, such as switchgrass, could catalyze the reactions because switchgrass ash contained a high proportion of potassium, an excellent catalyst for gasification. However, biosolids could also inhibit gasification due to interaction between biomass alkali/alkaline earth metals and biosolids clay minerals. In the pilot scale experiments, increasing the proportion of biosolids in the feedstock affected gasification performance negatively. Syngas yield and char conversion decreased from 1.38 to 0.47m(3)/kg and 82-36% respectively as the biosolids proportion in the fuel increased from 0% to 100%. Over the same range, the tar content increased from 10.3 to 200g/m(3), while the ammonia concentration increased from 1660 to 19,200ppmv. No more than 25% biosolids in the fuel feed is recommended to maintain a reasonable gasification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ming Yu
- Clean Energy Research Centre, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Mohammad S Masnadi
- Clean Energy Research Centre, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - John R Grace
- Clean Energy Research Centre, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xiaotao T Bi
- Clean Energy Research Centre, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - C Jim Lim
- Clean Energy Research Centre, Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Yonghua Li
- Highbury Energy Inc., Suite 1820 Cathedral Place, 925 West Georgia Street, Vancouver, BC V6C 3L2, Canada
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33
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Ding L, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Huang J, Fang Y. Interaction and its induced inhibiting or synergistic effects during co-gasification of coal char and biomass char. Bioresour Technol 2014; 173:11-20. [PMID: 25280109 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Co-gasification of coal char and biomass char was conducted to investigate the interactions between them. And random pore model (RPM) and modified random pore model (MRPM) were applied to describe the gasification behaviors of the samples. The results show that inhibiting effect was observed during co-gasification of corn stalk char with Hulunbeier lignite coal char, while synergistic effects were observed during co-gasification of corn stalk char with Shenmu bituminous coal char and Jincheng anthracite coal char. The inhibiting effect was attributed to the intimate contact and comparable gasification rate between biomass char and coal char, and the loss of the active form of potassium caused by the formation of KAlSiO4, which was proved to be inactive during gasification. While the synergistic effect was caused by the high potassium content of biomass char and the significant difference of reaction rate between coal char and biomass char during gasification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ding
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Yongqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Zhiqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Jiejie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China.
| | - Yitian Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
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34
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Xu C, Hu S, Xiang J, Yang H, Sun L, Su S, Wang B, Chen Q, He L. Kinetic models comparison for steam gasification of coal/biomass blend chars. Bioresour Technol 2014; 171:253-259. [PMID: 25203234 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.07.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The non-isothermal thermogravimetric method (TGA) was applied to different chars produced from lignite (LN), sawdust (SD) and their blends at the different mass ratios in order to investigate their thermal reactivity under steam atmosphere. Through TGA analysis, it was determined that the most prominent interaction between sawdust and lignite occurred at the mass ratio of sawdust/lignite as 1:4, but with further dose of more sawdust into its blends with lignite, the positive interaction deteriorated due to the agglomeration and deactivation of the alkali mineral involved in sawdust at high steam gasification temperature. Through systematic comparison, it could be observed that the random pore model was the most suitable among the three gas-solid reaction models adopted in this research. Finally, rational kinetic parameters were reached from these gas-solid reaction models, which provided a basis for design and operation of the realistic system of co-gasification of lignite and sawdust in this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Song Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jun Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haiping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Lushi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Sheng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Baowen Wang
- College of Electric Power, North China University of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Zheng Zhou 450011, China
| | - Qindong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Limo He
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Narobe M, Golob J, Klinar D, Francetič V, Likozar B. Co-gasification of biomass and plastics: pyrolysis kinetics studies, experiments on 100 kW dual fluidized bed pilot plant and development of thermodynamic equilibrium model and balances. Bioresour Technol 2014; 162:21-29. [PMID: 24736208 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) of volatilization reaction kinetics for 50 wt.% mixtures of plastics (PE) and biomass (wood pellets) as well as for 100 wt.% plastics was conducted to predict decomposition times at 850°C and 900°C using iso-conversional model method. For mixtures, agreement with residence time of dual fluidized bed (DFB) reactor, treated as continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR), was obtained at large conversions. Mono-gasification of plastics and its co-gasification with biomass were performed in DFB pilot plant, using olivine as heterogeneous catalyst and heat transfer agent. It was found that co-gasification led to successful thermochemical conversion of plastics as opposed to mono-gasification. Unknown flow rates were determined applying nonlinear regression to energy and mass balances acknowledging combustion fuel, air, steam, feedstock, but also exiting char, tar, steam and other components in DFB gasification unit. Water-gas shift equilibrium and methanol synthesis requirements were incorporated into gasification model, based on measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Narobe
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - J Golob
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - D Klinar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - V Francetič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - B Likozar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Laboratory of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova ulica 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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