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Zhao B, Liang X, Li T, Lv X, Zhang S. Impact of fuel aromatic content on soot particle physicochemical properties of marine auxiliary diesel engine. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:84936-84945. [PMID: 35789458 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fuel aromatic content (AC) is one of the main reasons for PM (particulate matter) emissions from ocean-going ships. The present study investigates the influence of AC on physicochemical characteristics of soot particles from marine auxiliary diesel engine. The TEM (transmission electron microscopy), Raman spectroscopy, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and TGA (thermalgravimetric analyzer) are employed to jointly characterize samples. The results reveal that soot particles from high-AC fuel have bigger dp (primary particle size), longer fringe length (La), and higher graphitization degree, all of which have significant impacts on chemical properties such as more VOF (volatile organic fraction), higher concentrations of aromatic C-H and C=C groups. These are mainly due to several aromatic rings decomposed from aromatic components could promote the growth of carbon layer, and incomplete pyrolysis productions are also present in soot particles. The relative amounts of aromatic C-H and C=C are well correlated with dp and La, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xingyu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Tengteng Li
- China Automotive Technology and Research Center, Tianjin, 300300, China
| | - Xu Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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Chu Van T, Zare A, Jafari M, Bodisco TA, Surawski N, Verma P, Suara K, Ristovski Z, Rainey T, Stevanovic S, Brown RJ. Effect of cold start on engine performance and emissions from diesel engines using IMO-Compliant distillate fuels. Environ Pollut 2019; 255:113260. [PMID: 31622808 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Emissions from ships at berth are small compared to the total ship emissions; however, they are one of the main contributors to pollutants in the air of densely-populated areas, consequently heavily affecting public health. This is due to auxiliary marine engines being used to generate electric power and steam for heating and providing services. The present study has been conducted on an engine representative of a marine auxiliary, which was a heavy duty, six-cylinder, turbocharged and after-cooled engine with a high pressure common rail injection system. Engine performance and emission characterisations during cold start are the focus of this paper, since cold start is significantly influential. Three tested fuels were used, including the reference diesel and two IMO (International Maritime Organization) compliant spiked fuels. The research engine was operated at a constant speed and 25% load condition after 12 h cooled soak. Results show that during cold start, significant heat generated from combustion is used to heat the engine block, coolant and lubricant. During the first minute, compared to the second minute, emissions of particle number (PN), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were approximately 10, 4, 2 and 1.5 times higher, respectively. The engine control unit (ECU) plays a vital role in reducing engine emissions by changing the engine injection strategy based on the engine coolant temperature. IMO-compliant fuels, which were higher viscosity fuels associated with high sulphur content, resulted in an engine emission increase during cold start. It should be taken into account that auxiliary marine diesel engines, working at partial load conditions during cold start, contribute considerably to emissions in coastal areas. It demonstrates a need to implement practical measures, such as engine pre-heating, to obtain both environmental and public health advantages in coastal areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Chu Van
- Biofuel Engine Research Facility (BERF), Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane City, Queensland 4000, Australia; Vietnam Maritime University, 484 Lach Tray St, Hai Phong City, 180000, Viet Nam.
| | - Ali Zare
- Flow, Aerosols & Thermal Energy (EATE) Group, School of Engineering, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Mohammad Jafari
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health (ILAQH), Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane City, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Timothy A Bodisco
- Flow, Aerosols & Thermal Energy (EATE) Group, School of Engineering, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Nicholas Surawski
- University of Technology Sydney, 81 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Puneet Verma
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health (ILAQH), Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane City, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Kabir Suara
- Biofuel Engine Research Facility (BERF), Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane City, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Zoran Ristovski
- International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health (ILAQH), Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane City, Queensland 4000, Australia.
| | - Thomas Rainey
- Biofuel Engine Research Facility (BERF), Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane City, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Svetlana Stevanovic
- Flow, Aerosols & Thermal Energy (EATE) Group, School of Engineering, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Richard J Brown
- Biofuel Engine Research Facility (BERF), Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane City, Queensland 4000, Australia.
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Puškár M, Kopas M, Puškár D, Lumnitzer J, Faltinová E. Method for reduction of the NO X emissions in marine auxiliary diesel engine using the fuel mixtures containing biodiesel using HCCI combustion. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 127:752-760. [PMID: 28847635 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The marine auxiliary diesel engines installed in the large transoceanic ships are used in order to generate the electricity but at the same time these engines are able to produce a significant amount of the harmful exhaust gas emissions. Therefore the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) concluded an agreement, which has to control generating of gaseous emissions in maritime transport. From this reason started to be used some of the alternative fuels in this branch. There was performed a study, which investigated emissions of the auxiliary marine diesel engine during application of the experimental fuels. The different testing fuels were created using the ratios 0%, 50%, 80% and 100% between the biodiesel and the ULSDF (Ultra Low Sulphur Diesel Fuel). The experimental measurements were performed at the different engine loading levels and various engine speeds in order to investigate an influence of the mixed fuels on the engine operational characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Puškár
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, TU Košice, Department of Engineering for Machine Design, Automotive and Transport, Letná 9, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Melichar Kopas
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, TU Košice, Department of Engineering for Machine Design, Automotive and Transport, Letná 9, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Dušan Puškár
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, TU Košice, Department of Engineering for Machine Design, Automotive and Transport, Letná 9, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Ján Lumnitzer
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, TU Košice, Department of Engineering for Machine Design, Automotive and Transport, Letná 9, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Eva Faltinová
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, TU Košice, Department of Engineering for Machine Design, Automotive and Transport, Letná 9, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic
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Geng P, Tan Q, Zhang C, Wei L, He X, Cao E, Jiang K. Experimental investigation on NOx and green house gas emissions from a marine auxiliary diesel engine using ultralow sulfur light fuel. Sci Total Environ 2016; 572:467-475. [PMID: 27544351 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, marine auxiliary diesel engine has been widely used to produce electricity in the large ocean-going ship. One of the main technical challenges for ocean-going ship is to reduce pollutant emissions from marine auxiliary diesel engine and to meet the criteria of disposal on ships pollutants of IMO (International Maritime Organization). Different technical changes have been introduced in marine auxiliary diesel engine to apply clean fuels to reduce pollutant emissions. The ultralow sulfur light fuel will be applied in diesel engine for emission reductions in China. This study is aimed to investigate the impact of fuel (ultralow sulfur light fuel) on the combustion characteristic, NOx and green house gas emissions in a marine auxiliary diesel engine, under the 50%-90% engine speeds and the 25%-100% engine torques. The experimental results show that, in the marine auxiliary diesel engine, the cylinder pressure and peak heat release rate increase slightly with the increase of engine torques, while the ignition advances and combustion duration become longer. With the increases of the engine speed and torque, the fuel consumption decreases significantly, while the temperature of the exhaust manifold increases. The NOx emissions increase significantly with the increases of the engine speed and torque. The NO emission increases with the increases of the engine speed and torque, while the NO2 emission decreases. Meanwhile, the ratio of NO2 and NO is about 1:1 when the diesel engine operated in the low speed and load, while the ratio increases significantly with the increases of engine speed and torque, due to the increase of the cylinder temperature in the diffusive combustion mode. Moreover, the CO2 emission increases with the increases of engine speed and torque by the use of ultralow sulfur light fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Geng
- Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Qinming Tan
- Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Lijiang Wei
- Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xianzhong He
- Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Erming Cao
- Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
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