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Zaytseva AK, Kulichik OE, Kostareva AA, Zhorov BS. Biophysical mechanisms of myocardium sodium channelopathies. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:735-753. [PMID: 38424322 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02930-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Genetic variants of gene SCN5A encoding the alpha-subunit of cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5 are associated with various diseases, including long QT syndrome (LQT3), Brugada syndrome (BrS1), and progressive cardiac conduction disease (PCCD). In the last decades, the great progress in understanding molecular and biophysical mechanisms of these diseases has been achieved. The LQT3 syndrome is associated with gain-of-function of sodium channels Nav1.5 due to impaired inactivation, enhanced activation, accelerated recovery from inactivation or the late current appearance. In contrast, BrS1 and PCCD are associated with the Nav1.5 loss-of-function, which in electrophysiological experiments can be manifested as reduced current density, enhanced fast or slow inactivation, impaired activation, or decelerated recovery from inactivation. Genetic variants associated with congenital arrhythmias can also disturb interactions of the Nav1.5 channel with different proteins or drugs and cause unexpected reactions to drug administration. Furthermore, mutations can affect post-translational modifications of the channels and their sensitivity to pH and temperature. Here we briefly review the current knowledge on biophysical mechanisms of LQT3, BrS1 and PCCD. We focus on limitations of studies that use heterologous expression systems and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived cardiac myocytes and summarize our understanding of genotype-phenotype relations of SCN5A mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia K Zaytseva
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Olga E Kulichik
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Boris S Zhorov
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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2
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Liutkute A, Prosser BL, Voigt N. Microtubules: highway to … arrhythmia? Cardiovasc Res 2024:cvae072. [PMID: 38637305 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aiste Liutkute
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin L Prosser
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Niels Voigt
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Germany
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3
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Wright KM, Nathan S, Jiang H, Xia W, Kim H, Chakouri N, Nwafor JN, Fossier L, Srinivasan L, Chen Z, Boronina T, Post J, Paul S, Cole RN, Ben-Johny M, Cole PA, Gabelli SB. NEDD4L intramolecular interactions regulate its auto and substrate Na V1.5 ubiquitination. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105715. [PMID: 38309503 PMCID: PMC10933555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
NEDD4L is a HECT-type E3 ligase that catalyzes the addition of ubiquitin to intracellular substrates such as the cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel, NaV1.5. The intramolecular interactions of NEDD4L regulate its enzymatic activity which is essential for proteostasis. For NaV1.5, this process is critical as alterations in Na+ current is involved in cardiac diseases including arrhythmias and heart failure. In this study, we perform extensive biochemical and functional analyses that implicate the C2 domain and the first WW-linker (1,2-linker) in the autoregulatory mechanism of NEDD4L. Through in vitro and electrophysiological experiments, the NEDD4L 1,2-linker was determined to be important in substrate ubiquitination of NaV1.5. We establish the preferred sites of ubiquitination of NEDD4L to be in the second WW-linker (2,3-linker). Interestingly, NEDD4L ubiquitinates the cytoplasmic linker between the first and second transmembrane domains of the channel (DI-DII) of NaV1.5. Moreover, we design a genetically encoded modulator of Nav1.5 that achieves Na+ current reduction using the NEDD4L HECT domain as cargo of a NaV1.5-binding nanobody. These investigations elucidate the mechanisms regulating the NEDD4 family and furnish a new molecular framework for understanding NaV1.5 ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine M Wright
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sara Nathan
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hanjie Jiang
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Wendy Xia
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - HyoJeon Kim
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nourdine Chakouri
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Justin N Nwafor
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lucile Fossier
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lakshmi Srinivasan
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zan Chen
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tatiana Boronina
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeremy Post
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Suman Paul
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert N Cole
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Manu Ben-Johny
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Philip A Cole
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sandra B Gabelli
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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4
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Stary-Weinzinger A. In silico models of the macromolecular Na V1.5-K IR2.1 complex. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1362964. [PMID: 38468705 PMCID: PMC10925717 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1362964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In cardiac cells, the expression of the cardiac voltage-gated Na+ channel (NaV1.5) is reciprocally regulated with the inward rectifying K+ channel (KIR2.1). These channels can form macromolecular complexes that pre-assemble early during forward trafficking (transport to the cell membrane). In this study, we present in silico 3D models of NaV1.5-KIR2.1, generated by rigid-body protein-protein docking programs and deep learning-based AlphaFold-Multimer software. Modeling revealed that the two channels could physically interact with each other along the entire transmembrane region. Structural mapping of disease-associated mutations revealed a hotspot at this interface with several trafficking-deficient variants in close proximity. Thus, examining the role of disease-causing variants is important not only in isolated channels but also in the context of macromolecular complexes. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the life-threatening cardiovascular diseases underlying KIR2.1 and NaV1.5 malfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stary-Weinzinger
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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5
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Calloe K, Christiansen MK, Henriksen FL, Jensen HK. The loss-of-function variant p.M764R in the cardiac sodium channel Na v1.5 is associated with ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in a family without overt Brugada syndrome. HeartRhythm Case Rep 2024; 10:137-141. [PMID: 38404980 PMCID: PMC10885728 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrcr.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kirstine Calloe
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | | | - Henrik Kjærulf Jensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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6
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Semino F, Darche FF, Bruehl C, Koenen M, Skladny H, Katus HA, Frey N, Draguhn A, Schweizer PA. GPD1L-A306del modifies sodium current in a family carrying the dysfunctional SCN5A-G1661R mutation associated with Brugada syndrome. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:229-242. [PMID: 38036776 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02882-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Loss-of-function variants of SCN5A, encoding the sodium channel alpha subunit Nav1.5 are associated with high phenotypic variability and multiple cardiac presentations, while underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here we investigated a family with individuals affected by Brugada Syndrome (BrS) of different severity and aimed to unravel the underlying genetic and electrophysiological basis.Next-generation sequencing was used to identify the genetic variants carried by family members. The index patient, who was severely affected by arrhythmogenic BrS, carried previously uncharacterized variants of Nav1.5 (SCN5A-G1661R) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-1-like protein (GPD1L-A306del) in a double heterozygous conformation. Family members exclusively carrying SCN5A-G1661R showed asymptomatic Brugada ECG patterns, while another patient solely carrying GPD1L-A306del lacked any clinical phenotype.To assess functional mechanisms, Nav1.5 channels were transiently expressed in HEK-293 cells in the presence and absence of GPD1L. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings revealed loss of sodium currents after homozygous expression of SCN5A-G1661R, and reduction of current amplitude to ~ 50% in cells transfected with equal amounts of wildtype and mutant Nav1.5. Co-expression of wildtype Nav1.5 and GPD1L showed a trend towards increased sodium current amplitudes and a hyperpolarizing shift in steady-state activation and -inactivation compared to sole SCN5A expression. Application of the GPD1L-A306del variant shifted steady-state activation to more hyperpolarized and inactivation to more depolarized potentials.In conclusion, SCN5A-G1661R produces dysfunctional channels and associates with BrS. SCN5A mediated currents are modulated by co-expression of GDP1L and this interaction is altered by mutations in both proteins. Thus, additive genetic burden may aggravate disease severity, explaining higher arrhythmogenicity in double mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Semino
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabrice F Darche
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claus Bruehl
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Koenen
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heyko Skladny
- SYNLAB MVZ Humangenetik Mannheim GmbH, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Draguhn
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick A Schweizer
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.
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7
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Frosio A, Micaglio E, Polsinelli I, Calamaio S, Melgari D, Prevostini R, Ghiroldi A, Binda A, Carrera P, Villa M, Mastrocinque F, Presi S, Salerno R, Boccellino A, Anastasia L, Ciconte G, Ricagno S, Pappone C, Rivolta I. Unravelling Novel SCN5A Mutations Linked to Brugada Syndrome: Functional, Structural, and Genetic Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15089. [PMID: 37894777 PMCID: PMC10606416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brugada Syndrome (BrS) is a rare inherited cardiac arrhythmia causing potentially fatal ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, mainly occurring during rest or sleep in young individuals without heart structural issues. It increases the risk of sudden cardiac death, and its characteristic feature is an abnormal ST segment elevation on the ECG. While BrS has diverse genetic origins, a subset of cases can be conducted to mutations in the SCN5A gene, which encodes for the Nav1.5 sodium channel. Our study focused on three novel SCN5A mutations (p.A344S, p.N347K, and p.D349N) found in unrelated BrS families. Using patch clamp experiments, we found that these mutations disrupted sodium currents: p.A344S reduced current density, while p.N347K and p.D349N completely abolished it, leading to altered voltage dependence and inactivation kinetics when co-expressed with normal channels. We also explored the effects of mexiletine treatment, which can modulate ion channel function. Interestingly, the p.N347K and p.D349N mutations responded well to the treatment, rescuing the current density, while p.A344S showed a limited response. Structural analysis revealed these mutations were positioned in key regions of the channel, impacting its stability and function. This research deepens our understanding of BrS by uncovering the complex relationship between genetic mutations, ion channel behavior, and potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Frosio
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Emanuele Micaglio
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
- Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Ivan Polsinelli
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Serena Calamaio
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Dario Melgari
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Rachele Prevostini
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Andrea Ghiroldi
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Anna Binda
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, 48, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Paola Carrera
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Unit of Genomics for Diagnosis of Human Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Marco Villa
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Flavio Mastrocinque
- Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Silvia Presi
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Unit of Genomics for Diagnosis of Human Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Raffaele Salerno
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Antonio Boccellino
- Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Luigi Anastasia
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Ciconte
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
- Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefano Ricagno
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Pappone
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
- Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Ilaria Rivolta
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy; (A.F.); (E.M.); (I.P.); (S.C.); (D.M.); (R.P.); (A.G.); (M.V.); (L.A.); (G.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.)
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore, 48, 20900 Monza, Italy;
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8
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Wauchop M, Rafatian N, Zhao Y, Chen W, Gagliardi M, Massé S, Cox BJ, Lai P, Liang T, Landau S, Protze S, Gao XD, Wang EY, Tung KC, Laksman Z, Lu RXZ, Keller G, Nanthakumar K, Radisic M, Backx PH. Maturation of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes in a heart-on-a-chip device enables modeling of dilated cardiomyopathy caused by R222Q-SCN5A mutation. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122255. [PMID: 37651922 PMCID: PMC10942743 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
To better understand sodium channel (SCN5A)-related cardiomyopathies, we generated ventricular cardiomyocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells obtained from a dilated cardiomyopathy patient harbouring the R222Q mutation, which is only expressed in adult SCN5A isoforms. Because the adult SCN5A isoform was poorly expressed, without functional differences between R222Q and control in both embryoid bodies and cell sheet preparations (cultured for 29-35 days), we created heart-on-a-chip biowires which promote myocardial maturation. Indeed, biowires expressed primarily adult SCN5A with R222Q preparations displaying (arrhythmogenic) short action potentials, altered Na+ channel biophysical properties and lower contractility compared to corrected controls. Comprehensive RNA sequencing revealed differential gene regulation between R222Q and control biowires in cellular pathways related to sarcoplasmic reticulum and dystroglycan complex as well as biological processes related to calcium ion regulation and action potential. Additionally, R222Q biowires had marked reductions in actin expression accompanied by profound sarcoplasmic disarray, without differences in cell composition (fibroblast, endothelial cells, and cardiomyocytes) compared to corrected biowires. In conclusion, we demonstrate that in addition to altering cardiac electrophysiology and Na+ current, the R222Q mutation also causes profound sarcomere disruptions and mechanical destabilization. Possible mechanisms for these observations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Wauchop
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Naimeh Rafatian
- Division of Cardiology and Peter Munk Cardiac Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Wenliang Chen
- Division of Cardiology and Peter Munk Cardiac Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Mark Gagliardi
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Stéphane Massé
- Division of Cardiology and Peter Munk Cardiac Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada; The Hull Family Cardiac Fibrillation Management Laboratory, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Brian J Cox
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Patrick Lai
- Division of Cardiology and Peter Munk Cardiac Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada; The Hull Family Cardiac Fibrillation Management Laboratory, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Timothy Liang
- Division of Cardiology and Peter Munk Cardiac Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada; The Hull Family Cardiac Fibrillation Management Laboratory, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Shira Landau
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Stephanie Protze
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Xiao Dong Gao
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Erika Yan Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Kelvin Chan Tung
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Zachary Laksman
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6E 1M7, Canada
| | - Rick Xing Ze Lu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Gordon Keller
- McEwen Stem Cell Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Kumaraswamy Nanthakumar
- Division of Cardiology and Peter Munk Cardiac Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada; The Hull Family Cardiac Fibrillation Management Laboratory, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.
| | - Milica Radisic
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3E5.
| | - Peter H Backx
- Division of Cardiology and Peter Munk Cardiac Center, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada; Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada.
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9
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Cai D, Wang X, Sun Y, Fan H, Zhou J, Yang Z, Qiu H, Wang J, Su J, Gong T, Jiang C, Liang P. Patient-specific iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes reveal aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in SCN5A-related Brugada syndrome. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:241. [PMID: 37679791 PMCID: PMC10486057 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03477-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the cardiac sodium channel gene SCN5A cause Brugada syndrome (BrS), an arrhythmic disorder that is a leading cause of sudden death and lacks effective treatment. An association between SCN5A and Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been recently established. However, the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in BrS and underlying mechanisms remains unknown. METHODS Three healthy control subjects and one BrS patient carrying a novel frameshift mutation (T1788fs) in the SCN5A gene were recruited in this study. Control and BrS patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from skin fibroblasts using nonintegrated Sendai virus. All iPSCs were differentiated into cardiomyocytes using monolayer-based differentiation protocol. Action potentials and sodium currents were recorded from control and BrS iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) by single-cell patch clamp. RESULTS BrS iPSC-CMs exhibited increased burden of arrhythmias and abnormal action potential profile featured by slower depolarization, decreased action potential amplitude, and increased beating interval variation. Moreover, BrS iPSC-CMs showed cardiac sodium channel (Nav1.5) loss-of-function as compared to control iPSC-CMs. Interestingly, the electrophysiological abnormalities and Nav1.5 loss-of-function observed in BrS iPSC-CMs were accompanied by aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Notably, inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin significantly rescued Nav1.5 defects and arrhythmic phenotype in BrS iPSC-CMs. Mechanistically, SCN5A-encoded Nav1.5 interacts with β-catenin, and reduced expression of Nav1.5 leads to re-localization of β-catenin in BrS iPSC-CMs, which aberrantly activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling to suppress SCN5A transcription. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of SCN5A-related BrS and point to Wnt/β-catenin as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Yaxun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Hangping Fan
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Jingjun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Zongkuai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Hangyuan Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Jun Su
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Tingyu Gong
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Chenyang Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
| | - Ping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
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10
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Liantonio A, Bertini M, Mele A, Balla C, Dinoi G, Selvatici R, Mele M, De Luca A, Gualandi F, Imbrici P. Brugada Syndrome: More than a Monogenic Channelopathy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2297. [PMID: 37626795 PMCID: PMC10452102 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited cardiac channelopathy first diagnosed in 1992 but still considered a challenging disease in terms of diagnosis, arrhythmia risk prediction, pathophysiology and management. Despite about 20% of individuals carrying pathogenic variants in the SCN5A gene, the identification of a polygenic origin for BrS and the potential role of common genetic variants provide the basis for applying polygenic risk scores for individual risk prediction. The pathophysiological mechanisms are still unclear, and the initial thinking of this syndrome as a primary electrical disease is evolving towards a partly structural disease. This review focuses on the main scientific advancements in the identification of biomarkers for diagnosis, risk stratification, pathophysiology and therapy of BrS. A comprehensive model that integrates clinical and genetic factors, comorbidities, age and gender, and perhaps environmental influences may provide the opportunity to enhance patients' quality of life and improve the therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Liantonio
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Matteo Bertini
- Cardiological Center, Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Antonietta Mele
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Cristina Balla
- Cardiological Center, Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Giorgia Dinoi
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Rita Selvatici
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Marco Mele
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
- Cardiothoracic Department, Policlinico Riuniti Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Annamaria De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Francesca Gualandi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Paola Imbrici
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
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11
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Lu A, Gu R, Chu C, Xia Y, Wang J, Davis DR, Liang W. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling upregulates Na v 1.5 channels in Brugada syndrome iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15696. [PMID: 37226398 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated Nav 1.5 channels mediate the fast Na+ current (INa ) in cardiomyocytes initiating action potentials and cardiac contraction. Downregulation of INa , as occurs in Brugada syndrome (BrS), causes ventricular arrhythmias. The present study investigated whether the Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates Nav 1.5 in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs). In healthy male and female iPSC-CMs, activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by CHIR-99021 reduced (p < 0.01) both Nav 1.5 protein and SCN5A mRNA. In iPSC-CMs from a BrS patient, both Nav 1.5 protein and peak INa were reduced compared to those in healthy iPSC-CMs. Treatment of BrS iPSC-CMs with Wnt-C59, a small-molecule Wnt inhibitor, led to a 2.1-fold increase in Nav 1.5 protein (p = 0.0005) but surprisingly did not affect SCN5A mRNA (p = 0.146). Similarly, inhibition of Wnt signaling using shRNA-mediated β-catenin knockdown in BrS iPSC-CMs led to a 4.0-fold increase in Nav 1.5, which was associated with a 4.9-fold increase in peak INa but only a 2.1-fold increase in SCN5A mRNA. The upregulation of Nav 1.5 by β-catenin knockdown was verified in iPSC-CMs from a second BrS patient. This study demonstrated that Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibits Nav 1.5 expression in both male and female human iPSC-CMs, and inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling upregulates Nav 1.5 in BrS iPSC-CMs through both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhu Lu
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ruonan Gu
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cencen Chu
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ying Xia
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jerry Wang
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darryl R Davis
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wenbin Liang
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Salvage SC, Jeevaratnam K, Huang CL, Jackson AP. Cardiac sodium channel complexes and arrhythmia: structural and functional roles of the β1 and β3 subunits. J Physiol 2023; 601:923-940. [PMID: 36354758 PMCID: PMC10953345 DOI: 10.1113/jp283085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In cardiac myocytes, the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV 1.5 opens in response to membrane depolarisation and initiates the action potential. The NaV 1.5 channel is typically associated with regulatory β-subunits that modify gating and trafficking behaviour. These β-subunits contain a single extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig) domain, a single transmembrane α-helix and an intracellular region. Here we focus on the role of the β1 and β3 subunits in regulating NaV 1.5. We catalogue β1 and β3 domain specific mutations that have been associated with inherited cardiac arrhythmia, including Brugada syndrome, long QT syndrome, atrial fibrillation and sudden death. We discuss how new structural insights into these proteins raises new questions about physiological function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christopher L.‐H. Huang
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PhysiologyDevelopment and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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13
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Miller JA, Moise N, Weinberg SH. Modeling incomplete penetrance in long QT syndrome type 3 through ion channel heterogeneity: an in silico population study. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 324:H179-H197. [PMID: 36487185 PMCID: PMC10072004 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00430.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many cardiac diseases are characterized by an increased late sodium current, including heart failure, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and inherited long QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3). The late sodium current in LQT3 is caused by a gain-of-function mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5. Despite a well-defined genetic cause of LQT3, treatment remains inconsistent because of incomplete penetrance of the mutation and variability of antiarrhythmic efficacy. Here, we investigate the relationship between LQT3-associated mutation incomplete penetrance and variability in ion channel expression, simulating a population of 1,000 individuals with the O'Hara-Rudy model of the human ventricular myocyte. We first simulate healthy electrical activity (i.e., in the absence of a mutation) and then incorporate heterozygous expression for three LQT3-associated mutations (Y1795C, I1768V, and ΔKPQ), to directly compare the effects of each mutation on individuals across a diverse population. For all mutations, we find that susceptibility, defined by either the presence of an early afterdepolarization (EAD) or prolonged action potential duration (APD), primarily depends on the balance between the conductance of IKr and INa, for which individuals with a higher IKr-to-INa ratio are less susceptible. Furthermore, we find distinct differences across the population, observing individuals susceptible to zero, one, two, or all three mutations. Individuals tend to be less susceptible with an appropriate balance of repolarizing currents, typically via increased IKs or IK1. Interestingly, the more critical repolarizing current is mutation specific. We conclude that the balance between key currents plays a significant role in mutant-specific presentation of the disease phenotype in LQT3.NEW & NOTEWORTHY An in silico population approach investigates the relationship between variability in ion channel expression and gain-of-function mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel associated with the congenital disorder long QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3). We find that ion channel variability can contribute to incomplete penetrance of the mutation, with mutant-specific differences in ion channel conductances leading to susceptibility to proarrhythmic action potential duration prolongation or early afterdepolarizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nicolae Moise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
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14
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Zhao F, Fang L, Wang Q, Ye Q, He Y, Xu W, Song Y. Exploring the Pivotal Components Influencing the Side Effects Induced by an Analgesic-Antitumor Peptide from Scorpion Venom on Human Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels 1.4 and 1.5 through Computational Simulation. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 15:33. [PMID: 36668853 PMCID: PMC9864070 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs, or Nav) are important determinants of action potential generation and propagation. Efforts are underway to develop medicines targeting different channel subtypes for the treatment of related channelopathies. However, a high degree of conservation across its nine subtypes could lead to the off-target adverse effects on skeletal and cardiac muscles due to acting on primary skeletal muscle sodium channel Nav1.4 and cardiac muscle sodium channel Nav1.5, respectively. For a long evolutionary process, some peptide toxins from venoms have been found to be highly potent yet selective on ion channel subtypes and, therefore, hold the promising potential to be developed into therapeutic agents. In this research, all-atom molecular dynamic methods were used to elucidate the selective mechanisms of an analgesic-antitumor β-scorpion toxin (AGAP) with human Nav1.4 and Nav1.5 in order to unravel the primary reason for the production of its adverse reactions on the skeletal and cardiac muscles. Our results suggest that the rational distribution of residues with ring structures near position 38 and positive residues in the C-terminal on AGAP are critical factors to ensure its analgesic efficacy. Moreover, the substitution for residues with benzene is beneficial to reduce its side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhao
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Liangyi Fang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qi Ye
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yanan He
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Weizhuo Xu
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yongbo Song
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
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15
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Kong W, Huang W, Peng C, Zhang B, Duan G, Ma W, Huang Z. Multiple machine learning methods aided virtual screening of Na V 1.5 inhibitors. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 27:266-276. [PMID: 36573431 PMCID: PMC9843531 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nav 1.5 sodium channels contribute to the generation of the rapid upstroke of the myocardial action potential and thereby play a central role in the excitability of myocardial cells. At present, the patch clamp method is the gold standard for ion channel inhibitor screening. However, this method has disadvantages such as high technical difficulty, high cost and low speed. In this study, novel machine learning models to screen chemical blockers were developed to overcome the above shortage. The data from the ChEMBL Database were employed to establish the machine learning models. Firstly, six molecular fingerprints together with five machine learning algorithms were used to develop 30 classification models to predict effective inhibitors. A validation and a test set were used to evaluate the performance of the models. Subsequently, the privileged substructures tightly associated with the inhibition of the Nav 1.5 ion channel were extracted using the bioalerts Python package. In the validation set, the RF-Graph model performed best. Similarly, RF-Graph produced the best result in the test set in which the Prediction Accuracy (Q) was 0.9309 and Matthew's correlation coefficient was 0.8627, further indicating the model had high classification ability. The results of the privileged substructures indicated Sulfa structures and fragments with large Steric hindrance tend to block Nav 1.5. In the unsupervised learning task of identifying sulfa drugs, MACCS and Graph fingerprints had good results. In summary, effective machine learning models have been constructed which help to screen potential inhibitors of the Nav 1.5 ion channel and key privileged substructures with high affinity were also extracted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikaixin Kong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM)HiLIFE, University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland,Institute Sanqu Technology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd.HangzhouChina
| | - Weiran Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
| | - Chao Peng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
| | - Bowen Zhang
- ComMedX (Computational Medicine Beijing Co., Ltd.)BeijingChina
| | - Guifang Duan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
| | - Weining Ma
- Department of NeurologyShengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Zhuo Huang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina
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16
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Gamal El-Din TM. When the Gates Swing Open Only: Arrhythmia Mutations That Target the Fast Inactivation Gate of Na v1.5. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233714. [PMID: 36496974 PMCID: PMC9735811 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nav1.5 is the main voltage-gated sodium channel found in cardiac muscle, where it facilitates the fast influx of Na+ ions across the cell membrane, resulting in the fast depolarization phase-phase 0 of the cardiac action potential. As a result, it plays a major role in determining the amplitude and the upstroke velocity of the cardiac impulse. Quantitively, cardiac sodium channel activates in less than a millisecond to trigger the cardiac action potential and inactivates within 2-3 ms to facilitate repolarization and return to the resting state in preparation for firing the next action potential. Missense mutations in the gene that encodes Nav1.5 (SCN5A), change these time constants which leads to a wide spectrum of cardiac diseases ranging from long QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3) to sudden cardiac death. In this mini-review I will focus on the missense mutations in the inactivation gate of Nav1.5 that results in arrhythmia, attempting to correlate the location of the missense mutation to their specific phenotype.
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17
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Hu CC, Wei X, Liu JM, Han LL, Xia CK, Wu J, You T, Zhu AF, Yao SL, Yuan SY, Xu HD, Xia ZY, Wang TT, Mao WK. Cardiac-targeted PIASy gene silencing mediates deSUMOylation of caveolin-3 and prevents ischemia/reperfusion-induced Na v1.5 downregulation and ventricular arrhythmias. Mil Med Res 2022; 9:58. [PMID: 36229865 PMCID: PMC9563440 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00415-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal myocardial Nav1.5 expression and function cause lethal ventricular arrhythmias during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Protein inhibitor of activated STAT Y (PIASy)-mediated caveolin-3 (Cav-3) SUMO modification affects Cav-3 binding to the voltage-gated sodium channel 1.5 (Nav1.5). PIASy activity is increased after myocardial I/R, but it is unclear whether this is attributable to plasma membrane Nav1.5 downregulation and ventricular arrhythmias. METHODS Using recombinant adeno-associated virus subtype 9 (AAV9), rat cardiac PIASy was silenced using intraventricular injection of PIASy short hairpin RNA (shRNA). After two weeks, rat hearts were subjected to I/R and electrocardiography was performed to assess malignant arrhythmias. Tissues from peri-infarct areas of the left ventricle were collected for molecular biological measurements. RESULTS PIASy was upregulated by I/R (P < 0.01), with increased SUMO2/3 modification of Cav-3 and reduced membrane Nav1.5 density (P < 0.01). AAV9-PIASy shRNA intraventricular injection into the rat heart downregulated PIASy after I/R, at both mRNA and protein levels (P < 0.05 vs. Scramble-shRNA + I/R group), decreased SUMO-modified Cav-3 levels, enhanced Cav-3 binding to Nav1.5, and prevented I/R-induced decrease of Nav1.5 and Cav-3 co-localization in the intercalated disc and lateral membrane. PIASy silencing in rat hearts reduced I/R-induced fatal arrhythmias, which was reflected by a modest decrease in the duration of ventricular fibrillation (VF; P < 0.05 vs. Scramble-shRNA + I/R group) and a significantly reduced arrhythmia score (P < 0.01 vs. Scramble-shRNA + I/R group). The anti-arrhythmic effects of PIASy silencing were also evidenced by decreased episodes of ventricular tachycardia (VT), sustained VT and VF, especially at the time 5-10 min after ischemia (P < 0.05 vs. Scramble-shRNA + IR group). Using in vitro human embryonic kidney 293 T (HEK293T) cells and isolated adult rat cardiomyocyte models exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), we confirmed that increased PIASy promoted Cav-3 modification by SUMO2/3 and Nav1.5/Cav-3 dissociation after H/R. Mutation of SUMO consensus lysine sites in Cav-3 (K38R or K144R) altered the membrane expression levels of Nav1.5 and Cav-3 before and after H/R in HEK293T cells. CONCLUSIONS I/R-induced cardiac PIASy activation increased Cav-3 SUMOylation by SUMO2/3 and dysregulated Nav1.5-related ventricular arrhythmias. Cardiac-targeted PIASy silencing mediated Cav-3 deSUMOylation and partially prevented I/R-induced Nav1.5 downregulation in the plasma membrane of cardiomyocytes, and subsequent ventricular arrhythmias in rats. PIASy was identified as a potential therapeutic target for life-threatening arrhythmias in patients with ischemic heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Chen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jin-Min Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lin-Lin Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Cheng-Kun Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Tao You
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China
| | - A-Fang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Shang-Long Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shi-Ying Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hao-Dong Xu
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Zheng-Yuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Wei-Ke Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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18
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Sun J, Liu X, Zhao S, Zhang S, Yang L, Zhang J, Zhao M, Xu Y. Prediction and verification of potential lead analgesic and antiarrhythmic components in Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang based on voltage-gated sodium channel proteins. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 216:537-546. [PMID: 35809671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been used as an analgesic for thousands of years and it also promotes blood circulation. In this study, 33 Corydalis yanhusuo alkaloid active components were acquired from Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). A total of 543 pain-related targets, 1774 arrhythmia targets, and 642 potential targets of these active components were obtained using Swiss Target Prediction, GeneCards, Open Target Platform, and Therapeutic Target Database. Fifty intersecting targets were visualized through a Venn diagram, KEGG and GO pathway enrichment analysis. The analysis proposed that sodium ion channels are likely potential targets of Corydalis yanhusuo active components as analgesia and anti-arrhythmia agents. Molecular docking showed that the 33 components could bind to Nav1.7 and Nav1.5 (two subtypes of ion channel proteins) with different binding energies. In a patch clamp study, dihydrosanguinarine and dihydrochelerythrine, two monomers with the strongest binding effects, could inhibit the peak currents and promote both activation and inactivation phases of Nav1.5. Meanwhile, dihydrosanguinarine and dihydrochelerythrine could also inhibit peak currents and promote the activation phase of Nav1.7. Therefore, the findings from this study provide valuable information for future uses of traditional Chinese medicines to treat pain and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfang Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Shangfeng Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Suli Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Liying Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Jinghai Zhang
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
| | - Yijia Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
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19
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Zhao M, Han M, Liang L, Song Q, Li X, Du Y, Hu D, Cheng Y, Wang QK, Ke T. Mog1 deficiency promotes cardiac contractile dysfunction and isoproterenol-induced arrhythmias associated with cardiac fibrosis and Cx43 remodeling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166429. [PMID: 35533905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Our earlier studies identified MOG1 as a Nav1.5-binding protein that promotes Nav1.5 intracellular trafficking to plasma membranes. Genetic studies have identified MOG1 variants responsible for cardiac arrhythmias. However, the physiological functions of MOG1 in vivo remain incompletely characterized. In this study, we generated Mog1 knockout (Mog1-/-) mice. Mog1-/- mice did not develop spontaneous arrhythmias at the baseline, but exhibited a prolongation of QRS duration. Mog1-/- mice treated with isoproterenol (ISO), but not with flecainide, exhibited an increased risk of arrhythmias and even sudden death. Mog1-/- mice had normal cardiac morphology, however, LV systolic dysfunction was identified and associated with an increase in ventricular fibrosis. Whole-cell patch-clamping and Western blotting analysis clearly demonstrated the normal cardiac expression and function of Nav1.5 in Mog1-/- mice. Further RNA-seq and iTRAQ analysis identified critical pathways and genes, including extracellular matrix (Mmp2), gap junction (Gja1), and mitochondrial components that were dysregulated in Mog1-/- mice. RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence assays revealed reduced cardiac expression of Gja1 in Mog1-/- mice. Dye transfer assays confirmed impairment of gap-junction function; Cx43 gap-junction enhancer ZP123 decreased arrhythmia inducibility in ISO-treated Mog1-/- mice. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed abnormal sarcomere ultrastructure and altered mitochondrial morphology in Mog1-/- mice. Mitochondrial dynamics was found to be disturbed, and associated with a trend toward increased mitochondrial fusion in Mog1-/- mice. Meanwhile, the level of ATP supply was increased in the hearts of Mog1-/- mice. These results indicate that MOG1 plays an important role in cardiac electrophysiology and cardiac contractile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhao
- Center for Human Genome Research, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Meng Han
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Kidney Diseases, Medical College, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Lina Liang
- Center for Human Genome Research, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Qixue Song
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 518055 Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Xia Li
- Center for Human Genome Research, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yimei Du
- Research Center of Ion Channelopathy, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Dongping Hu
- Center for Human Genome Research, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Center for Human Genome Research, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Qing K Wang
- Center for Human Genome Research, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, PR China.
| | - Tie Ke
- Center for Human Genome Research, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei Province, PR China.
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20
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Rubio-Alarcón M, Cámara-Checa A, Dago M, Crespo-García T, Nieto-Marín P, Marín M, Merino JL, Toquero J, Salguero-Bodes R, Tamargo J, Cebrián J, Delpón E, Caballero R. Zfhx3 Transcription Factor Represses the Expression of SCN5A Gene and Decreases Sodium Current Density (I Na). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313031. [PMID: 34884836 PMCID: PMC8657907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The ZFHX3 and SCN5A genes encode the zinc finger homeobox 3 (Zfhx3) transcription factor (TF) and the human cardiac Na+ channel (Nav1.5), respectively. The effects of Zfhx3 on the expression of the Nav1.5 channel, and in cardiac excitability, are currently unknown. Additionally, we identified three Zfhx3 variants in probands diagnosed with familial atrial fibrillation (p.M1260T) and Brugada Syndrome (p.V949I and p.Q2564R). Here, we analyzed the effects of native (WT) and mutated Zfhx3 on Na+ current (INa) recorded in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. ZFHX3 mRNA can be detected in human atrial and ventricular samples. In HL-1 cardiomyocytes, transfection of Zfhx3 strongly reduced peak INa density, while the silencing of endogenous expression augmented it (from −65.9 ± 8.9 to −104.6 ± 10.8 pA/pF; n ≥ 8, p < 0.05). Zfhx3 significantly reduced the transcriptional activity of human SCN5A, PITX2, TBX5, and NKX25 minimal promoters. Consequently, the mRNA and/or protein expression levels of Nav1.5 and Tbx5 were diminished (n ≥ 6, p < 0.05). Zfhx3 also increased the expression of Nedd4-2 ubiquitin-protein ligase, enhancing Nav1.5 proteasomal degradation. p.V949I, p.M1260T, and p.Q2564R Zfhx3 produced similar effects on INa density and time- and voltage-dependent properties in WT. WT Zfhx3 inhibits INa as a result of a direct repressor effect on the SCN5A promoter, the modulation of Tbx5 increasing on the INa, and the increased expression of Nedd4-2. We propose that this TF participates in the control of cardiac excitability in human adult cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Rubio-Alarcón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (A.C.-C.);; (T.C.-G.); (P.N.-M.); (M.M.); (J.T.); (E.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Anabel Cámara-Checa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (A.C.-C.);; (T.C.-G.); (P.N.-M.); (M.M.); (J.T.); (E.D.); (R.C.)
| | - María Dago
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (A.C.-C.);; (T.C.-G.); (P.N.-M.); (M.M.); (J.T.); (E.D.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.); (J.C.)
| | - Teresa Crespo-García
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (A.C.-C.);; (T.C.-G.); (P.N.-M.); (M.M.); (J.T.); (E.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Paloma Nieto-Marín
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (A.C.-C.);; (T.C.-G.); (P.N.-M.); (M.M.); (J.T.); (E.D.); (R.C.)
| | - María Marín
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (A.C.-C.);; (T.C.-G.); (P.N.-M.); (M.M.); (J.T.); (E.D.); (R.C.)
| | - José Luis Merino
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Paz, CIBERCV, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jorge Toquero
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana, CIBERCV, Majadahonda, 28222 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Rafael Salguero-Bodes
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, CIBERCV, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Juan Tamargo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (A.C.-C.);; (T.C.-G.); (P.N.-M.); (M.M.); (J.T.); (E.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Jorge Cebrián
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (A.C.-C.);; (T.C.-G.); (P.N.-M.); (M.M.); (J.T.); (E.D.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.); (J.C.)
| | - Eva Delpón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (A.C.-C.);; (T.C.-G.); (P.N.-M.); (M.M.); (J.T.); (E.D.); (R.C.)
| | - Ricardo Caballero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón, CIBERCV, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.R.-A.); (A.C.-C.);; (T.C.-G.); (P.N.-M.); (M.M.); (J.T.); (E.D.); (R.C.)
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21
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Wu X, Hoeker GS, Blair GA, King DR, Gourdie RG, Weinberg SH, Poelzing S. Hypernatremia and intercalated disc edema synergistically exacerbate long-QT syndrome type 3 phenotype. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H1042-H1055. [PMID: 34623182 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00366.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel gain-of-function prolongs repolarization in the long-QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3). Previous studies suggest that narrowing the perinexus within the intercalated disc, leading to rapid sodium depletion, attenuates LQT3-associated action potential duration (APD) prolongation. However, it remains unknown whether extracellular sodium concentration modulates APD prolongation during sodium channel gain-of-function. We hypothesized that elevated extracellular sodium concentration and widened perinexus synergistically prolong APD in LQT3. LQT3 was induced with sea anemone toxin (ATXII) in Langendorff-perfused guinea pig hearts (n = 34). Sodium concentration was increased from 145 to 160 mM. Perinexal expansion was induced with mannitol or the sodium channel β1-subunit adhesion domain antagonist (βadp1). Epicardial ventricular action potentials were optically mapped. Individual and combined effects of varying clefts and sodium concentrations were simulated in a computational model. With ATXII, both mannitol and βadp1 significantly widened the perinexus and prolonged APD, respectively. The elevated sodium concentration alone significantly prolonged APD as well. Importantly, the combination of elevated sodium concentration and perinexal widening synergistically prolonged APD. Computational modeling results were consistent with animal experiments. Concurrently elevating extracellular sodium and increasing intercalated disc edema prolongs repolarization more than the individual interventions alone in LQT3. This synergistic effect suggests an important clinical implication that hypernatremia in the presence of cardiac edema can markedly increase LQT3-associated APD prolongation. Therefore, to our knowledge, this is the first study to provide evidence of a tractable and effective strategy to mitigate LQT3 phenotype by means of managing sodium levels and preventing cardiac edema in patients.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to demonstrate that the long-QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3) phenotype can be exacerbated or concealed by regulating extracellular sodium concentrations and/or the intercalated disc separation. The animal experiments and computational modeling in the current study reveal a critically important clinical implication: sodium dysregulation in the presence of edema within the intercalated disc can markedly increase the risk of arrhythmia in LQT3. These findings strongly suggest that maintaining extracellular sodium within normal physiological limits may be an effective and inexpensive therapeutic option for patients with congenital or acquired sodium channel gain-of-function diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Wu
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, Virginia.,Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, Virginia
| | - Gregory S Hoeker
- Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, Virginia
| | - Grace A Blair
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, Virginia.,Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, Virginia
| | - D Ryan King
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, Virginia.,Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, Virginia
| | - Robert G Gourdie
- Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, Virginia.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Seth H Weinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Steven Poelzing
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, Virginia.,Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, Virginia.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
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22
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Xu Y, Sun J, Li W, Zhang S, Yang L, Teng Y, Lv K, Liu Y, Su Y, Zhang J, Zhao M. Analgesic effect of the main components of Corydalis yanhusuo (yanhusuo in Chinese) is caused by inhibition of voltage gated sodium channels. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 280:114457. [PMID: 34329712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Pain often causes a series of abnormal changes in physiology and psychology, which can lead to disease and even death. Drug therapy is the most basic and commonly used method for pain relief and management. Interestingly, at present, hundreds of traditional Chinese medicines have been reported to be used for pain relief, most of which are monomer preparations, which have been developed into new painkillers. Corydalis yanhusuo is a representative of one of these medicines and is available for pain relief. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to determine the analgesic effect and the potential targets of the monomers derived from Corydalis yanhusuo, and to explore any possible associated cardiac risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, four monomers derived from Corydalis yanhusuo (tetrahydropalmatine, corydaline, protopine, dehydrocorydaline) were tested in vivo, using the formalin-induced pain model to determine their analgesic properties. Their potential targets were also determined using whole cell patch clamp recordings and myocardial enzyme assays. RESULTS The results showed that all monomers showed analgesic activity and inhibited the peak currents, promoted the activation and inactivation phases of Nav1.7, which indicating that Nav1.7 might be involved in the analgesic mechanism of Corydalis yanhusuo. Protopine increased the level of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and inhibited the peak currents, promoted the activation and inactivation phases of Nav1.5, indicating that Nav1.5 might be involved in the cardiac risk associated with protopine treatment. CONCLUSION These data showed that tetrahydropalmatine produced the best analgesic effect and the lowest cardiac risk. Thus, voltage gated sodium channels (VGSCs) might be the main targets associated with Corydalis yanhusuo. This study, therefore, provides valuable information for future studies and use of traditional Chines medicines for the alleviation of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Jianfang Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Suli Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Liying Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Ying Teng
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Kaikai Lv
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Yang Su
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
| | - Jinghai Zhang
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.
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23
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Olaopa MA, Ai T, Chao B, Xiao X, Vatta M, Habecker BA. Phosphorylation of Lamin A/C at serine 22 modulates Na v 1.5 function. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15121. [PMID: 34806324 PMCID: PMC8606869 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants in the LMNA gene, which encodes for Lamin A/C, are associated with cardiac conduction disease (CCD). We previously reported that Lamin A/C variants p.R545H and p.A287Lfs*193, which were identified in CCD patients, decreased peak INa in HEK-293 cells expressing Nav 1.5. Decreased peak INa in the cardiac conduction system could account for patients' atrioventricular block. We found that serine 22 (Ser 22) phosphorylation of Lamin A/C was decreased in the p.R545H variant and hypothesized that lamin phosphorylation modulated Nav 1.5 activity. To test this hypothesis, we assessed Nav 1.5 function in HEK-293 cells co-transfected with LMNA variants or treated with the small molecule LBL1 (lamin-binding ligand 1). LBL1 decreased Ser 22 phosphorylation by 65% but did not affect Nav 1.5 function. To test the complete loss of phosphorylation, we generated a version of LMNA with serine 22 converted to alanine 22 (S22A-LMNA); and a version of mutant R545H-LMNA that mimics phosphorylation via serine 22 to aspartic acid 22 substitution (S22D-R545H-LMNA). We found that S22A-LMNA inhibited Lamin-mediated activation of peak INa by 63% and shifted voltage-dependency of steady-state inactivation of Nav 1.5. Conversely, S22D-R545H-LMNA abolished the effects of mutant R545H-LMNA on voltage-dependency but not peak INa . We conclude that Lamin A/C Ser 22 phosphorylation can modulate Nav 1.5 function and contributes to the mechanism by which R545H-LMNA alters Nav 1.5 function. The differential impact of complete versus partial loss of Ser 22 phosphorylation suggests a threshold of phosphorylation that is required for full Nav 1.5 modulation. This is the first study to link Lamin A/C phosphorylation to Nav 1.5 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Olaopa
- Department of Chemical Physiology and BiochemistryOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Krannert Institute of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Tomohiko Ai
- Krannert Institute of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of Clinical Laboratory MedicineJuntendo UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Bo Chao
- Department of Chemical Physiology and BiochemistryOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Xiangshu Xiao
- Department of Chemical Physiology and BiochemistryOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Matteo Vatta
- Krannert Institute of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Beth A. Habecker
- Department of Chemical Physiology and BiochemistryOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
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Hayama E, Furutani Y, Kawaguchi N, Seki A, Nagashima Y, Okita K, Takeuchi D, Matsuoka R, Inai K, Hagiwara N, Nakanishi T. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes with SCN5A R1623Q Mutation Associated with Severe Long QT Syndrome in Fetuses and Neonates Recapitulates Pathophysiological Phenotypes. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:biology10101062. [PMID: 34681161 PMCID: PMC8533193 DOI: 10.3390/biology10101062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary In this study, the induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte model from a patient with long QT syndrome harboring a heterozygous Nav1.5 R1623Q mutation exhibited prolonged field potential duration corrected by Fridericia’s formula (FPDcF, analogous to QTcF). FPDcF was shortened with mexiletine treatment and increased the frequency of arrhythmia-like EAD events following E4031, an Ikr blocker, administration. These characteristics partly reflect the patient phenotypes. As the R1623Q mutation is related to severe congenital LQT syndrome in fetuses and neonates, the effect of the neonatal variants on the electrophysiological properties of the R1623Q mutant was examined using an automated patch-clamp system. Our results demonstrated that both R1623Q and neonatal R1623Q delayed inactivation of INa and increased late Na current. We speculated that neonatal Nav1.5 ameliorates QTc prolongation. Developmental switching of neonatal/adult Nav1.5 isoforms might play a role in the mechanisms underlying severe long QT syndrome in fetuses and neonates. Abstract The SCN5A R1623Q mutation is one of the most common genetic variants associated with severe congenital long QT syndrome 3 (LQT3) in fetal and neonatal patients. To investigate the properties of the R1623Q mutation, we established an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) cardiomyocyte (CM) model from a patient with LQTS harboring a heterozygous R1623Q mutation. The properties and pharmacological responses of iPSC-CMs were characterized using a multi-electrode array system. The biophysical characteristic analysis revealed that R1623Q increased open probability and persistent currents of sodium channel, indicating a gain-of-function mutation. In the pharmacological study, mexiletine shortened FPDcF in R1623Q-iPSC-CMs, which exhibited prolonged field potential duration corrected by Fridericia’s formula (FPDcF, analogous to QTcF). Meanwhile, E4031, a specific inhibitor of human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) channel, significantly increased the frequency of arrhythmia-like early after depolarization (EAD) events. These characteristics partly reflect the patient phenotypes. To further analyze the effect of neonatal isoform, which is predominantly expressed in the fetal period, on the R1623Q mutant properties, we transfected adult form and neonatal isoform SCN5A of control and R1623Q mutant SCN5A genes to 293T cells. Whole-cell automated patch-clamp recordings revealed that R1623Q increased persistent Na+ currents, indicating a gain-of-function mutation. Our findings demonstrate the utility of LQT3-associated R1623Q mutation-harboring iPSC-CMs for assessing pharmacological responses to therapeutic drugs and improving treatment efficacy. Furthermore, developmental switching of neonatal/adult Nav1.5 isoforms may be involved in the pathological mechanisms underlying severe long QT syndrome in fetuses and neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Hayama
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan; (Y.F.); (N.K.); (D.T.); (K.I.); (T.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yoshiyuki Furutani
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan; (Y.F.); (N.K.); (D.T.); (K.I.); (T.N.)
| | - Nanako Kawaguchi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan; (Y.F.); (N.K.); (D.T.); (K.I.); (T.N.)
| | - Akiko Seki
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan;
- Department of General Medicine, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan;
| | - Yoji Nagashima
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan;
| | - Keisuke Okita
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan;
| | - Daiji Takeuchi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan; (Y.F.); (N.K.); (D.T.); (K.I.); (T.N.)
| | - Rumiko Matsuoka
- Wakamatsukawada Clinic, 10-7 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0054, Japan;
| | - Kei Inai
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan; (Y.F.); (N.K.); (D.T.); (K.I.); (T.N.)
| | - Nobuhisa Hagiwara
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan;
| | - Toshio Nakanishi
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan; (Y.F.); (N.K.); (D.T.); (K.I.); (T.N.)
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Li Z, Jin X, Wu T, Zhao X, Wang W, Lei J, Pan X, Yan N. Structure of human Na v1.5 reveals the fast inactivation-related segments as a mutational hotspot for the long QT syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2100069118. [PMID: 33712541 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2100069118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nav1.5 is the primary voltage-gated Na+ (Nav) channel in the heart. Mutations of Nav1.5 are associated with various cardiac disorders exemplified by the type 3 long QT syndrome (LQT3) and Brugada syndrome (BrS). E1784K is a common mutation that has been found in both LQT3 and BrS patients. Here we present the cryo-EM structure of the human Nav1.5-E1784K variant at an overall resolution of 3.3 Å. The structure is nearly identical to that of the wild-type human Nav1.5 bound to quinidine. Structural mapping of 91- and 178-point mutations that are respectively associated with LQT3 and BrS reveals a unique distribution pattern for LQT3 mutations. Whereas the BrS mutations spread evenly on the structure, LQT3 mutations are clustered mainly to the segments in repeats III and IV that are involved in gating, voltage-sensing, and particularly inactivation. A mutational hotspot involving the fast inactivation segments is identified and can be mechanistically interpreted by our "door wedge" model for fast inactivation. The structural analysis presented here, with a focus on the impact of mutations on inactivation and late sodium current, establishes a structure-function relationship for the mechanistic understanding of Nav1.5 channelopathies.
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Amarouch MY, Zaklyazminskaya EV, Rougier JS. Editorial: Inherited Arrhythmias of the Cardiac Sodium Channel Na v1.5. Front Physiol 2021; 12:716553. [PMID: 34421659 PMCID: PMC8372145 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.716553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed-Yassine Amarouch
- R.N.E Laboratory, Multidisciplinary Faculty of Taza, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
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27
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Farag NE, El-Kherbetawy MK, Ismail HM, Abdelrady AM, Toraih EA, Abdelbasset WK, Lashine RM, EL-dosoky M, Abed SY, Ibraheem KM, Fawzy MS, Zaitone SA. Differential Effect of Three Macrolide Antibiotics on Cardiac Pathology and Electrophysiology in a Myocardial Infarction Rat Model: Influence on Sodium Nav1.5 Channel Expression. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14070597. [PMID: 34206182 PMCID: PMC8308720 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrolides were reported to have cardiotoxic effects presented mainly by electrocardiogram (ECG) changes with increased risk in cardiac patients. We aimed to determine the impact of three macrolides, azithromycin, clarithromycin and erythromycin, on cardiac electrophysiology, cardiac enzyme activities, histopathological changes, and sodium voltage-gated alpha subunit 5 (Nav1.5) channel expression. We used eight experimental groups of male albino rats: vehicle, azithromycin (100 mg/kg), clarithromycin (100 mg/kg), erythromycin (100 mg/kg), MI + vehicle, MI + azithromycin (100 mg/kg), MI + clarithromycin (100 mg/kg) and MI + erythromycin (100 mg/kg); each group received chronic oral doses of the vehicle/drugs for seven weeks. ECG abnormalities and elevated serum cardiac enzymes were observed particularly in rats with AMI compared to healthy rats. Microscopic examination revealed elevated pathology scores for rats treated with clarithromycin in both experiments following treatment with erythromycin in healthy rats. Although rats with MI did not show further elevations in fibrosis score on treatment with macrolides, they produced significant fibrosis in healthy rats. Downregulation of cardiac Nav1.5 transcript was observed following macrolides treatment in both groups (healthy rats and rats with MI). In conclusion, the current findings suggested the potential cardiotoxic effects of chronic doses of macrolide antibiotics in rats with MI as manifested by abnormal ECG changes and pathological findings in addition to downregulation of Nav1.5 channels. Furthermore, in the current dose ranges, azithromycin produced the least toxicity compared to clarithromycin and erythromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha E. Farag
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hussein M. Ismail
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | | | - Eman A. Toraih
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
- Genetics Unit, Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16278, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Rehab M. Lashine
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Mohammed EL-dosoky
- Department of Neuroscience Technology, College of Applied Medical Science in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail 35816, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sally Yussef Abed
- Department of Respiratory Care, College of Applied Medical Science in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail 35816, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khalid M. Ibraheem
- Department of Anesthesia Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail 35816, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Manal S. Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 1321, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.S.F.); or (S.A.Z.); Tel.: +20-1008584720 (M.S.F.); +20-1068916396 (S.A.Z.)
| | - Sawsan A. Zaitone
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 714, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.S.F.); or (S.A.Z.); Tel.: +20-1008584720 (M.S.F.); +20-1068916396 (S.A.Z.)
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Doisne N, Grauso M, Mougenot N, Clergue M, Souil C, Coulombe A, Guicheney P, Neyroud N. In vivo Dominant-Negative Effect of an SCN5A Brugada Syndrome Variant. Front Physiol 2021; 12:661413. [PMID: 34122134 PMCID: PMC8195286 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.661413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in the cardiac Na+ channel α-subunit Nav1.5, encoded by SCN5A, cause Brugada syndrome (BrS), a hereditary disease characterized by sudden cardiac death due to ventricular fibrillation. We previously evidenced in vitro the dominant-negative effect of the BrS Nav1.5-R104W variant, inducing retention of wild-type (WT) channels and leading to a drastic reduction of the resulting Na+ current (INa). To explore this dominant-negative effect in vivo, we created a murine model using adeno-associated viruses (AAVs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Doisne
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166 ICAN, Paris, France.,UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Marta Grauso
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166 ICAN, Paris, France.,UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Mougenot
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166 ICAN, Paris, France.,UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,UMS_28, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Michel Clergue
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166 ICAN, Paris, France.,UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Souil
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166 ICAN, Paris, France.,UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Alain Coulombe
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166 ICAN, Paris, France.,UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Guicheney
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166 ICAN, Paris, France.,UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Neyroud
- INSERM, UMR_S 1166 ICAN, Paris, France.,UMR_S 1166, Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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29
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Kang PW, Chakouri N, Diaz J, Tomaselli GF, Yue DT, Ben-Johny M. Elementary mechanisms of calmodulin regulation of Na V1.5 producing divergent arrhythmogenic phenotypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2025085118. [PMID: 34021086 PMCID: PMC8166197 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2025085118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In cardiomyocytes, NaV1.5 channels mediate initiation and fast propagation of action potentials. The Ca2+-binding protein calmodulin (CaM) serves as a de facto subunit of NaV1.5. Genetic studies and atomic structures suggest that this interaction is pathophysiologically critical, as human mutations within the NaV1.5 carboxy-terminus that disrupt CaM binding are linked to distinct forms of life-threatening arrhythmias, including long QT syndrome 3, a "gain-of-function" defect, and Brugada syndrome, a "loss-of-function" phenotype. Yet, how a common disruption in CaM binding engenders divergent effects on NaV1.5 gating is not fully understood, though vital for elucidating arrhythmogenic mechanisms and for developing new therapies. Here, using extensive single-channel analysis, we find that the disruption of Ca2+-free CaM preassociation with NaV1.5 exerts two disparate effects: 1) a decrease in the peak open probability and 2) an increase in persistent NaV openings. Mechanistically, these effects arise from a CaM-dependent switch in the NaV inactivation mechanism. Specifically, CaM-bound channels preferentially inactivate from the open state, while those devoid of CaM exhibit enhanced closed-state inactivation. Further enriching this scheme, for certain mutant NaV1.5, local Ca2+ fluctuations elicit a rapid recruitment of CaM that reverses the increase in persistent Na current, a factor that may promote beat-to-beat variability in late Na current. In all, these findings identify the elementary mechanism of CaM regulation of NaV1.5 and, in so doing, unravel a noncanonical role for CaM in tuning ion channel gating. Furthermore, our results furnish an in-depth molecular framework for understanding complex arrhythmogenic phenotypes of NaV1.5 channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po Wei Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Nourdine Chakouri
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Johanna Diaz
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Gordon F Tomaselli
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - David T Yue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Manu Ben-Johny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218;
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
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Wallace MJ, El Refaey M, Mesirca P, Hund TJ, Mangoni ME, Mohler PJ. Genetic Complexity of Sinoatrial Node Dysfunction. Front Genet 2021; 12:654925. [PMID: 33868385 PMCID: PMC8047474 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.654925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The pacemaker cells of the cardiac sinoatrial node (SAN) are essential for normal cardiac automaticity. Dysfunction in cardiac pacemaking results in human sinoatrial node dysfunction (SND). SND more generally occurs in the elderly population and is associated with impaired pacemaker function causing abnormal heart rhythm. Individuals with SND have a variety of symptoms including sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest, SAN block, bradycardia/tachycardia syndrome, and syncope. Importantly, individuals with SND report chronotropic incompetence in response to stress and/or exercise. SND may be genetic or secondary to systemic or cardiovascular conditions. Current management of patients with SND is limited to the relief of arrhythmia symptoms and pacemaker implantation if indicated. Lack of effective therapeutic measures that target the underlying causes of SND renders management of these patients challenging due to its progressive nature and has highlighted a critical need to improve our understanding of its underlying mechanistic basis of SND. This review focuses on current information on the genetics underlying SND, followed by future implications of this knowledge in the management of individuals with SND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Wallace
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mona El Refaey
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Pietro Mesirca
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Excellence ICST, Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas J Hund
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Matteo E Mangoni
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Excellence ICST, Montpellier, France
| | - Peter J Mohler
- Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Cavus O, Williams J, Musa H, El Refaey M, Gratz D, Shaheen R, Schwieterman NA, Koenig S, Antwi-Boasiako S, Young LJ, Xu X, Han M, Wold LE, Hund TJ, Mohler PJ, Bradley EA. Giant ankyrin-G regulates cardiac function. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100507. [PMID: 33675749 PMCID: PMC8040283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the most common cause of adult morbidity and mortality in developed nations. As a result, predisposition for CVD is increasingly important to understand. Ankyrins are intracellular proteins required for the maintenance of membrane domains. Canonical ankyrin-G (AnkG) has been shown to be vital for normal cardiac function, specifically cardiac excitability, via targeting and regulation of the cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel. Noncanonical (giant) AnkG isoforms play a key role in neuronal membrane biogenesis and excitability, with evidence for human neurologic disease when aberrant. However, the role of giant AnkG in cardiovascular tissue has yet to be explored. Here, we identify giant AnkG in the myocardium and identify that it is enriched in 1-week-old mice. Using a new mouse model lacking giant AnkG expression in myocytes, we identify that young mice displayed a dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype with aberrant electrical conduction and enhanced arrhythmogenicity. Structural and electrical dysfunction occurred at 1 week of age, when giant AnkG was highly expressed and did not appreciably change in adulthood until advanced age. At a cellular level, loss of giant AnkG results in delayed and early afterdepolarizations. However, surprisingly, giant AnkG cKO myocytes display normal INa, but abnormal myocyte contractility, suggesting unique roles of the large isoform in the heart. Finally, transcript analysis provided evidence for unique pathways that may contribute to the structural and electrical findings shown in giant AnkG cKO animals. In summary, we identify a critical role for giant AnkG that adds to the diversity of ankyrin function in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Cavus
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jordan Williams
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Hassan Musa
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mona El Refaey
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dan Gratz
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rebecca Shaheen
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Neill A Schwieterman
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sara Koenig
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Steve Antwi-Boasiako
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Lindsay J Young
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Xianyao Xu
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Loren E Wold
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas J Hund
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Peter J Mohler
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Elisa A Bradley
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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Xu Y, Li W, Han Y, Liu H, Zhang S, Yan J, Sun J, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhao M. Regulatory effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on cardiac ion channels Nav1.5 and Kv11.1. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 338:109425. [PMID: 33617802 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used because of their excellent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. However, NSAIDs could cause certain cardiac side effects, such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. Therefore, meloxicam, nimesulide, piroxicam, and diclofenac were selected and the whole cell patch clamp technique was used to investigate the electrophysiological regulatory effects of them on the sodium channel hNav1.5 and potassium channel hKv11.1, which were closely associated to the biotoxicity of cardiac, and to explore the potential cardiac risk mechanism. The results showed that the four NSAIDs could inhibit the peak currents of hNav1.5 and hKv11.1. Furthermore, the four NSAIDs could affect both the activation and inactivation processes of hNav1.5 with I-V curves left-shifted to hyperpolarized direction in activation phase. These data indicate that the inhibition effects of Nav1.5 and Kv11.1 by meloxicam, nimesulide, piroxicam, and diclofenac might contribute to their potential cardiac risk. These findings provide a basis for the discovery of other potential cardiac risk targets for NSAIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Yunuo Han
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Suli Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Jiamin Yan
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Jianfang Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Jinghai Zhang
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China.
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Nieto-Marín P, Tinaquero D, Utrilla RG, Cebrián J, González-Guerra A, Crespo-García T, Cámara-Checa A, Rubio-Alarcón M, Dago M, Alfayate S, Filgueiras D, Peinado R, López-Sendón JL, Jalife J, Tamargo J, Bernal JA, Caballero R, Delpón E. Tbx5 variants disrupt Nav1.5 function differently in patients diagnosed with Brugada or Long QT Syndrome. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:1046-1060. [PMID: 33576403 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The transcription factor Tbx5 controls cardiogenesis and drives Scn5a expression in mice. We have identified two variants in TBX5 encoding p.D111Y and p.F206L Tbx5, respectively, in two unrelated patients with structurally normal hearts diagnosed with Long QT (LQTS) and Brugada (BrS) Syndrome. Here we characterized the consequences of each variant to unravel the underlying disease mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS We combined clinical analysis with in vivo and in vitro electrophysiological and molecular techniques in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), HL-1 cells, and cardiomyocytes from mice trans-expressing human wildtype (WT) or mutant proteins. Tbx5 increased transcription of SCN5A encoding cardiac Nav1.5 channels, while repressing CAMK2D and SPTBN4 genes encoding Ca-calmodulin kinase IIδ (CaMKIIδ) and βIV-spectrin, respectively. These effects significantly increased Na current (INa) in hiPSC-CMs and in cardiomyocytes from mice trans-expressing Tbx5. Consequently, action potential (AP) amplitudes increased and QRS interval narrowed in the mouse electrocardiogram. p.F206L Tbx5 bound to the SCN5A promoter failed to transactivate it, thus precluding the pro-transcriptional effect of WT Tbx5. Therefore, p.F206L markedly decreased INa in hiPSC-CM, HL-1 cells, and mouse cardiomyocytes. The INa decrease in p.F206L trans-expressing mice translated into QRS widening and increased flecainide sensitivity. p.D111Y Tbx5 increased SCN5A expression but failed to repress CAMK2D and SPTBN4. The increased CaMKIIδ and βIV-spectrin significantly augmented the late component of INa (INaL) which, in turn, significantly prolonged AP duration in both hiPSC-CMs and mouse cardiomyocytes. Ranolazine, a selective INaL inhibitor, eliminated the QT and QTc intervals prolongation seen in p.D111Y trans-expressing mice. CONCLUSIONS In addition to peak INa, Tbx5 critically regulates INaL and the duration of repolarization in human cardiomyocytes. Our original results suggest that TBX5 variants associate with and modulate the intensity of the electrical phenotype in LQTS and BrS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Nieto-Marín
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón. CIBERCV. 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - David Tinaquero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón. CIBERCV. 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel G Utrilla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón. CIBERCV. 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Cebrián
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón. CIBERCV. 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Teresa Crespo-García
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón. CIBERCV. 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabel Cámara-Checa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón. CIBERCV. 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos Rubio-Alarcón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón. CIBERCV. 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dago
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón. CIBERCV. 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Alfayate
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón. CIBERCV. 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - David Filgueiras
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares. 28029-Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Peinado
- Department of Cardiology. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Paz. 28046-Madrid Spain
| | - José Luis López-Sendón
- Department of Cardiology. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Paz. 28046-Madrid Spain
| | - José Jalife
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares. 28029-Madrid, Spain.,Departments of Internal Medicine and Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Juan Tamargo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón. CIBERCV. 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Bernal
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares. 28029-Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Caballero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón. CIBERCV. 28040-Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Delpón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology. School of Medicine. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Instituto de Investigación Gregorio Marañón. CIBERCV. 28040-Madrid, Spain
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Turan NN, Moshal KS, Roder K, Baggett BC, Kabakov AY, Dhakal S, Teramoto R, Chiang DYE, Zhong M, Xie A, Lu Y, Dudley SC, MacRae CA, Karma A, Koren G. The endosomal trafficking regulator LITAF controls the cardiac Nav1.5 channel via the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-2. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:18148-18159. [PMID: 33093176 PMCID: PMC7939464 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The QT interval is a recording of cardiac electrical activity. Previous genome-wide association studies identified genetic variants that modify the QT interval upstream of LITAF (lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α factor), a protein encoding a regulator of endosomal trafficking. However, it was not clear how LITAF might impact cardiac excitation. We investigated the effect of LITAF on the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5, which is critical for cardiac depolarization. We show that overexpressed LITAF resulted in a significant increase in the density of Nav1.5-generated voltage-gated sodium current INa and Nav1.5 surface protein levels in rabbit cardiomyocytes and in HEK cells stably expressing Nav1.5. Proximity ligation assays showed co-localization of endogenous LITAF and Nav1.5 in cardiomyocytes, whereas co-immunoprecipitations confirmed they are in the same complex when overexpressed in HEK cells. In vitro data suggest that LITAF interacts with the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-2, a regulator of Nav1.5. LITAF overexpression down-regulated NEDD4-2 in cardiomyocytes and HEK cells. In HEK cells, LITAF increased ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of co-expressed NEDD4-2 and significantly blunted the negative effect of NEDD4-2 on INa We conclude that LITAF controls cardiac excitability by promoting degradation of NEDD4-2, which is essential for removal of surface Nav1.5. LITAF-knockout zebrafish showed increased variation in and a nonsignificant 15% prolongation of action potential duration. Computer simulations using a rabbit-cardiomyocyte model demonstrated that changes in Ca2+ and Na+ homeostasis are responsible for the surprisingly modest action potential duration shortening. These computational data thus corroborate findings from several genome-wide association studies that associated LITAF with QT interval variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilüfer N Turan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Karni S Moshal
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Karim Roder
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Brett C Baggett
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Anatoli Y Kabakov
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Saroj Dhakal
- Physics Department and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryota Teramoto
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Yi-Eng Chiang
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mingwang Zhong
- Physics Department and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - An Xie
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yichun Lu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Samuel C Dudley
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Calum A MacRae
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alain Karma
- Physics Department and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Complex Systems, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gideon Koren
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
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35
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Ghovanloo MR, Atallah J, Escudero CA, Ruben PC. Biophysical Characterization of a Novel SCN5A Mutation Associated With an Atypical Phenotype of Atrial and Ventricular Arrhythmias and Sudden Death. Front Physiol 2020; 11:610436. [PMID: 33414724 PMCID: PMC7783455 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.610436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is an unexpected death that occurs within an hour of the onset of symptoms. Hereditary primary electrical disorders account for up to 1/3 of all SCD cases in younger individuals and include conditions such as catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). These disorders are caused by mutations in the genes encoding cardiac ion channels, hence they are known as cardiac channelopathies. We identified a novel variant, T1857I, in the C-terminus of Nav1.5 (SCN5A) linked to a family with a CPVT-like phenotype characterized by atrial tachy-arrhythmias and polymorphic ventricular ectopy occurring at rest and with adrenergic stimulation, and a strong family history of SCD. Objective Our goal was to functionally characterize the novel Nav1.5 variant and determine a possible link between channel gating and clinical phenotype. Methods We first used electrocardiogram recordings to visualize the patient cardiac electrical properties. Then, we performed voltage-clamp of transiently transfected CHO cells. Lastly, we used the ventricular/atrial models to visualize gating defects on cardiac excitability. Results Voltage-dependences of both activation and inactivation were right-shifted, the overlap between activation and inactivation predicted increased window currents, the recovery from fast inactivation was slowed, there was no significant difference in late currents, and there was no difference in use-dependent inactivation. The O’Hara-Rudy model suggests ventricular after depolarizations and atrial Grandi-based model suggests a slight prolongation of atrial action potential duration. Conclusion We conclude that T1857I likely causes a net gain-of-function in Nav1.5 gating, which may in turn lead to ventricular after depolarization, predisposing carriers to tachy-arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Ghovanloo
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Joseph Atallah
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Carolina A Escudero
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Peter C Ruben
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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Leslie TK, Brückner L, Chawla S, Brackenbury WJ. Inhibitory Effect of Eslicarbazepine Acetate and S-Licarbazepine on Na v1.5 Channels. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:555047. [PMID: 33123007 PMCID: PMC7567166 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.555047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is a dibenzazepine anticonvulsant approved as adjunctive treatment for partial-onset epileptic seizures. Following first pass hydrolysis of ESL, S-licarbazepine (S-Lic) represents around 95% of circulating active metabolites. S-Lic is the main enantiomer responsible for anticonvulsant activity and this is proposed to be through the blockade of voltage-gated Na+ channels (VGSCs). ESL and S-Lic both have a voltage-dependent inhibitory effect on the Na+ current in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells expressing neuronal VGSC subtypes including Nav1.1, Nav1.2, Nav1.3, Nav1.6, and Nav1.7. ESL has not been associated with cardiotoxicity in healthy volunteers, although a prolongation of the electrocardiographic PR interval has been observed, suggesting that ESL may also inhibit cardiac Nav1.5 isoform. However, this has not previously been studied. Here, we investigated the electrophysiological effects of ESL and S-Lic on Nav1.5 using whole-cell patch clamp recording. We interrogated two model systems: (1) MDA-MB-231 metastatic breast carcinoma cells, which endogenously express the "neonatal" Nav1.5 splice variant, and (2) HEK-293 cells stably over-expressing the "adult" Nav1.5 splice variant. We show that both ESL and S-Lic inhibit transient and persistent Na+ current, hyperpolarise the voltage-dependence of fast inactivation, and slow the recovery from channel inactivation. These findings highlight, for the first time, the potent inhibitory effects of ESL and S-Lic on the Nav1.5 isoform, suggesting a possible explanation for the prolonged PR interval observed in patients on ESL treatment. Given that numerous cancer cells have also been shown to express Nav1.5, and that VGSCs potentiate invasion and metastasis, this study also paves the way for future investigations into ESL and S-Lic as potential invasion inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lotte Brückner
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Sangeeta Chawla
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom.,York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - William J Brackenbury
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom.,York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, United Kingdom
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Luo Q, Wu T, Wu W, Chen G, Luo X, Jiang L, Tao H, Rong M, Kang S, Deng M. The Functional Role of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Nav1.5 in Metastatic Breast Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1111. [PMID: 32792949 PMCID: PMC7393602 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), which are abnormally expressed in various types of cancers such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and cervical cancer, are involved in the metastatic process of invasion and migration. Nav1.5 is a pore-forming α subunit of VGSC encoded by SCN5A. Various studies have demonstrated that Nav1.5, often as its neonatal splice form, is highly expressed in metastatic breast cancer cells. Abnormal activation and expression of Nav1.5 trigger a variety of cellular mechanisms, including changing H+ efflux, promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the expression of cysteine cathepsin, to potentiate the metastasis and invasiveness of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Here, we systematically review the latest available data on the pro-metastatic effect of Nav1.5 and its underlying mechanisms in breast cancer. We summarize the factors affecting Nav1.5 expression in breast cancer cells, and discuss the potential of Nav1.5 blockers serving as candidates for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxuan Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenfang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huai Tao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Mingqiang Rong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuntong Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meichun Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Clatot J, Neyroud N, Cox R, Souil C, Huang J, Guicheney P, Antzelevitch C. Inter-Regulation of K v4.3 and Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels Underlies Predisposition to Cardiac and Neuronal Channelopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5057. [PMID: 32709127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Genetic variants in voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav) encoded by SCNXA genes, responsible for INa, and Kv4.3 channels encoded by KCND3, responsible for the transient outward current (Ito), contribute to the manifestation of both Brugada syndrome (BrS) and spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA19/22). We examined the hypothesis that Kv4.3 and Nav variants regulate each other’s function, thus modulating INa/Ito balance in cardiomyocytes and INa/I(A) balance in neurons. Methods: Bicistronic and other constructs were used to express WT or variant Nav1.5 and Kv4.3 channels in HEK293 cells. INa and Ito were recorded. Results: SCN5A variants associated with BrS reduced INa, but increased Ito. Moreover, BrS and SCA19/22 KCND3 variants associated with a gain of function of Ito, significantly reduced INa, whereas the SCA19/22 KCND3 variants associated with a loss of function (LOF) of Ito significantly increased INa. Auxiliary subunits Navβ1, MiRP3 and KChIP2 also modulated INa/Ito balance. Co-immunoprecipitation and Duolink studies suggested that the two channels interact within the intracellular compartments and biotinylation showed that LOF SCN5A variants can increase Kv4.3 cell-surface expression. Conclusion: Nav and Kv4.3 channels modulate each other’s function via trafficking and gating mechanisms, which have important implications for improved understanding of these allelic cardiac and neuronal syndromes.
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Han L, Wu A, Li Q, Xia Z, Wu Y, Hong K, Xia Z, Li J. Homocysteine-induced electrical remodeling via the mediation of IP 3R1/ Nav1.5 signaling pathway. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:3822-3841. [PMID: 32774738 PMCID: PMC7407712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate-receptor 1 (IP3R1), a Ca2+ channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane, is an effective regulator of Ca2+ release involved in the pathology of most cardiovascular diseases. Our study aim to investigate the underlying mechanism by which IP3R1 signaling mediates the process of homocysteine (Hcy)-induced Ca2+ accumulation via interaction with sodium current (Nav1.5) in atrium. We utilized whole-cell patch-clamp analysis and flow cytometry to detect the abnormal electrical activity in mouse atrial myocytes (MACs) obtained from C57B6 mice fed with high-Hcy diet. The results represented not only an increase in protein levels of Nav1.5 and IP3R1, but also an enhanced intracellular levels of Ca2+, and prolonged action potential duration (APD). However, the inhibition of IP3R1 or Nav1.5 gene could both attenuate Ca2+ accumulation in MACs triggered by Hcy, as well as abnormal electrical activity. In addition, Hcy increased the interaction between IP3R1 and Nav1.5. These data suggest that Hcy induced Ca2+ accumulation is mediated by the IP3R1/Nav1.5 signaling pathway, accompanied with the influx of Na+ and Ca2+, which act as triggers for electrical remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Aping Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhen Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Kui Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zirong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Juxiang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006, China
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Salvage SC, Huang CLH, Jackson AP. Cell-Adhesion Properties of β-Subunits in the Regulation of Cardiomyocyte Sodium Channels. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10070989. [PMID: 32630316 PMCID: PMC7407995 DOI: 10.3390/biom10070989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels drive the rising phase of the action potential, essential for electrical signalling in nerves and muscles. The Nav channel α-subunit contains the ion-selective pore. In the cardiomyocyte, Nav1.5 is the main Nav channel α-subunit isoform, with a smaller expression of neuronal Nav channels. Four distinct regulatory β-subunits (β1–4) bind to the Nav channel α-subunits. Previous work has emphasised the β-subunits as direct Nav channel gating modulators. However, there is now increasing appreciation of additional roles played by these subunits. In this review, we focus on β-subunits as homophilic and heterophilic cell-adhesion molecules and the implications for cardiomyocyte function. Based on recent cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) data, we suggest that the β-subunits interact with Nav1.5 in a different way from their binding to other Nav channel isoforms. We believe this feature may facilitate trans-cell-adhesion between β1-associated Nav1.5 subunits on the intercalated disc and promote ephaptic conduction between cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C. Salvage
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK;
- Correspondence: (S.C.S.); (A.P.J.); Tel.: +44-1223-765950 (S.C.S.); +44-1223-765951 (A.P.J.)
| | - Christopher L.-H. Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK;
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Antony P. Jackson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK;
- Correspondence: (S.C.S.); (A.P.J.); Tel.: +44-1223-765950 (S.C.S.); +44-1223-765951 (A.P.J.)
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Xu X, Dai Y, Feng L, Zhang H, Hu Y, Xu L, Zhu X, Jiang Y. Knockdown of Nav1.5 inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:527-535. [PMID: 32400862 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common type of malignant oral cancer that has a high recurrence rate. Voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5 was reported to be highly up-regulated in various types of cancers. However, the regulatory mechanism of Nav1.5 in cancers including OSCC still remains elusive. In this study, Nav1.5 was found to be highly expressed in OSCC tissues and cells. Through the analysis of clinical characteristics of patients, we found that the expression level of Nav1.5 was closely related to neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, tumor-node-metastasis stage, and lymph node metastasis. Moreover, we found that Nav1.5 mainly located on the cell membrane as well as cytoplasm and knockdown of Nav1.5 promoted cell apoptosis and decreased proliferation in OSCC. Transwell assay results showed that knockdown of Nav1.5 effectively suppressed the migration and invasion in OSCC. In addition, knockdown of Nav1.5 was found to inhibit the protein and mRNA expression levels of β-catenin, cyclin D1, and c-Myc in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In summary, these results indicated that Nav1.5 may be involved in the progression of OSCC through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Xu
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yongzheng Dai
- Hefei School of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, China
- Department of General Dentistry, Hefei Stomatological Hospital, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Linfei Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yukun Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Le Xu
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Xinwei Zhu
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
- Binhu Clinical Division, Anhui Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
- Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China
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Yang M, James AD, Suman R, Kasprowicz R, Nelson M, O'Toole PJ, Brackenbury WJ. Voltage-dependent activation of Rac1 by Na v 1.5 channels promotes cell migration. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:3950-3972. [PMID: 31612502 PMCID: PMC6973152 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ion channels can regulate the plasma membrane potential (Vm ) and cell migration as a result of altered ion flux. However, the mechanism by which Vm regulates motility remains unclear. Here, we show that the Nav 1.5 sodium channel carries persistent inward Na+ current which depolarizes the resting Vm at the timescale of minutes. This Nav 1.5-dependent Vm depolarization increases Rac1 colocalization with phosphatidylserine, to which it is anchored at the leading edge of migrating cells, promoting Rac1 activation. A genetically encoded FRET biosensor of Rac1 activation shows that depolarization-induced Rac1 activation results in acquisition of a motile phenotype. By identifying Nav 1.5-mediated Vm depolarization as a regulator of Rac1 activation, we link ionic and electrical signaling at the plasma membrane to small GTPase-dependent cytoskeletal reorganization and cellular migration. We uncover a novel and unexpected mechanism for Rac1 activation, which fine tunes cell migration in response to ionic and/or electric field changes in the local microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Andrew D. James
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Rakesh Suman
- Phase Focus Ltd, Electric WorksSheffield Digital CampusSheffieldUK
| | | | - Michaela Nelson
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Peter J. O'Toole
- Bioscience Technology Facility, Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - William J. Brackenbury
- Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
- York Biomedical Research InstituteUniversity of YorkYorkUK
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Bohannon BM, de la Cruz A, Wu X, Jowais JJ, Perez ME, Dykxhoorn DM, Liin SI, Larsson HP. Polyunsaturated fatty acid analogues differentially affect cardiac Na V, Ca V, and K V channels through unique mechanisms. eLife 2020; 9:51453. [PMID: 32207683 PMCID: PMC7159882 DOI: 10.7554/elife.51453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardiac ventricular action potential depends on several voltage-gated ion channels, including NaV, CaV, and KV channels. Mutations in these channels can cause Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) which increases the risk for ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have emerged as potential therapeutics for LQTS because they are modulators of voltage-gated ion channels. Here we demonstrate that PUFA analogues vary in their selectivity for human voltage-gated ion channels involved in the ventricular action potential. The effects of specific PUFA analogues range from selective for a specific ion channel to broadly modulating cardiac ion channels from all three families (NaV, CaV, and KV). In addition, a PUFA analogue selective for the cardiac IKs channel (Kv7.1/KCNE1) is effective in shortening the cardiac action potential in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Our data suggest that PUFA analogues could potentially be developed as therapeutics for LQTS and cardiac arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana M Bohannon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, United States
| | - Alicia de la Cruz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, United States
| | - Xiaoan Wu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, United States
| | - Jessica J Jowais
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, United States
| | - Marta E Perez
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, United States
| | - Derek M Dykxhoorn
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, United States
| | - Sara I Liin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - H Peter Larsson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, United States
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Amarouch MY, Kurt H, Delemotte L, Abriel H. Biophysical Characterization of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Effect on the Cardiac Sodium Channel Na v1.5. Molecules 2020; 25:E902. [PMID: 32085432 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) has been extensively studied for its protective effect against cardiovascular disorders. This effect has been attributed to its action on multiple molecular pathways and transmembrane proteins, including the cardiac Nav1.5 channels, which are inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this effect remains to be unveiled. To this aim, we have characterized the EGCG effect on Nav1.5 using electrophysiology and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. EGCG superfusion induced a dose-dependent inhibition of Nav1.5 expressed in tsA201 cells, negatively shifted the steady-state inactivation curve, slowed the inactivation kinetics, and delayed the recovery from fast inactivation. However, EGCG had no effect on the voltage-dependence of activation and showed little use-dependent block on Nav1.5. Finally, MD simulations suggested that EGCG does not preferentially stay in the center of the bilayer, but that it spontaneously relocates to the membrane headgroup region. Moreover, no sign of spontaneous crossing from one leaflet to the other was observed, indicating a relatively large free energy barrier associated with EGCG transport across the membrane. These results indicate that EGCG may exert its biophysical effect via access to its binding site through the cell membrane or via a bilayer-mediated mechanism.
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Onkal R, Fraser SP, Djamgoz MB. Cationic Modulation of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (Nav1.5): Neonatal Versus Adult Splice Variants-1. Monovalent (H +) Ions. Bioelectricity 2019; 1:139-147. [PMID: 34471816 PMCID: PMC8370280 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2019.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Voltage-gated sodium channels are functionally expressed in human carcinomas. In breast and colon cancers, the neonatal splice variant of Nav1.5 (nNav1.5) is dominant. This differs from the adult (aNav1.5) by several amino acids, including an outer charge reversal (residue-211): negatively charged aspartate (aNav1.5) versus positively charged lysine (nNav1.5). Thus, nNav1.5 and aNav1.5 may respond to extracellular charges differently. Materials and Methods: We used whole-cell patch-clamp recording to compare the electrophysiological effects of the monovalent cation hydrogen (H+) on nNav1.5 and aNav1.5 expressed stably in EBNA cells. Results: Increasing the H+ concentration (acidifying pH) reduced channel conductance and inhibited peak currents. Also, there was a positive shift in the voltage dependence of activation. These changes were significantly smaller for nNav1.5, compared with aNav1.5. Conclusions: nNav1.5 was more resistant to the suppressive effects of acidification compared with aNav1.5. Thus, nNav1.5 may have an advantage in promoting metastasis from the acidified tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rustem Onkal
- Department of Life Sciences, Neuroscience Solutions to Cancer Research Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biotechnology Research Centre (BRC), North Cyprus International University, North Cyprus
| | - Scott P. Fraser
- Department of Life Sciences, Neuroscience Solutions to Cancer Research Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mustafa B.A. Djamgoz
- Department of Life Sciences, Neuroscience Solutions to Cancer Research Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Biotechnology Research Centre (BRC), North Cyprus International University, North Cyprus
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Onkal R, Fraser SP, Djamgoz MB. Cationic Modulation of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (Nav1.5): Neonatal Versus Adult Splice Variants-2. Divalent (Cd 2+) and Trivalent (Gd 3+) Ions. Bioelectricity 2019; 1:148-157. [PMID: 34471817 PMCID: PMC8370281 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2019.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A "neonatal" splice-form of the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5 is functionally expressed in human cancers and potentiates metastatic cell behaviors. Splicing causes the replacement of 7 amino acids, including a negatively charged aspartate211 in the "adult" Nav1.5 (aNav1.5) to a positively charged lysine in the "neonatal" (nNav1.5). These changes occur in the region surrounding the DI:S3-S4 extracellular linker. The splice variants respond differently to changes in extracellular H+ and this could be of pathophysiological significance. However, how the two differentially charged splice variants would react to cations of higher valency is not known. Materials and Methods: We used patch-clamp recording to compare the electrophysiological effects of Cd2+ and Gd3+ on "adult" and "neonatal" Nav1.5 expressed stably in EBNA-293 cells. Several parameters were determined for the two channels and statistically compared. Results: Both cations inhibited peak I Na through reducing G max and induced a positive shift in the voltage range of activation. However, unlike Gd3+, Cd2+ had only a weak effect on voltage dependence of activation, and no effect on voltage dependence of inactivation, recovery from inactivation, or the kinetics of activation/inactivation. Conclusions: The electrophysiological effects of Cd2+ and Gd3+ studied were essentially the same for "neonatal" and "adult" Nav1.5, although these splice variants possess differences in their external charges. In contrast, the effects of H+ were shown earlier to be significantly differential. Taken together, these results suggest that limited adjustment of the charged structure of pharmacological agents could enable selective targeting of neonatal Nav1.5 associated with several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rustem Onkal
- Department of Life Sciences, Neuroscience Solutions to Cancer Research Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biotechnology Research (IBR), Cyprus International University, North Cyprus
| | - Scott P. Fraser
- Department of Life Sciences, Neuroscience Solutions to Cancer Research Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mustafa B.A. Djamgoz
- Department of Life Sciences, Neuroscience Solutions to Cancer Research Group, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biotechnology Research (IBR), Cyprus International University, North Cyprus
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Zhang J, Mao W, Dai Y, Qian C, Dong Y, Chen Z, Meng L, Jiang Z, Huang T, Hu J, Luo P, Korner H, Jiang Y, Ying S. Voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2019; 51:562-570. [PMID: 31139826 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmz044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5 is highly upregulated in various types of cancer and, in general, promotes cancer cell invasiveness and metastatic progression. A previous study found that Nav1.5 was highly expressed in poorly differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, whether Nav1.5 enhances invasiveness and metastasis of OSCC are still unknown. In this study, we found that Nav1.5 was highly expressed in OSCC cell lines compared with normal oral keratinocyte HOK cell line by using western blot analysis. CCK-8 assay results revealed that downregulation of Nav1.5 expression by its specific siRNA reduced proliferation of OSCC HSC-3 cells. Moreover, transwell assay results showed Nav1.5 knockdown significantly inhibited migration and invasion of HSC-3 cells. Meanwhile, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis results showed that epidermal growth factor (EGF) induced Nav1.5 expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, EGF promoted proliferation, migration and invasion of HSC-3 cells. Importantly, the Nav1.5 inhibitor tetrodotoxin significantly inhibited the proliferation of HSC-3 cells and impeded the migration and invasion of HSC-3 cells. Furthermore, it was found that siRNA-mediated knockdown of Nav1.5 also lessened the proliferation of HSC-3 cells and blocked the migration and invasion of HSC-3 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that Nav1.5 is involved in the progression of OSCC and Nav1.5 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of OSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Weijia Mao
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yongzheng Dai
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Chengwei Qian
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Dong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhangming Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhe Jiang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Panquan Luo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Heinrich Korner
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Yong Jiang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Songcheng Ying
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Guo D, Jenkinson S. Simultaneous assessment of compound activity on cardiac Nav1.5 peak and late currents in an automated patch clamp platform. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2019; 99:106575. [PMID: 30999054 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High throughput in vitro profiling of the cardiac Nav1.5 peak sodium current (INa) is widely used in cardiac safety screening. However, there is no standardized high throughput method to measure late INa. This study assessed the pharmacological and biophysical properties of veratridine and ATX-II, as well as the channel mutation (Nav1.5-∆KPQ) on the late INa. We describe a method for simultaneous measurement of both peak and late INa. METHODS The planar patch clamp technique (QPatch) was applied to record the peak and late INa. RESULTS The Nav1.5-∆KPQ mutant produced a small late INa (41.9 ± 5.4 pA) not large enough to enable compound profiling. In contrast in wild type Nav1.5 expressing cells veratridine (100 μM) and ATX-II (100 nM) enhanced concentration-dependent increases in the late INa (maximum responses of 1162.2 ± 258.5 pA and 392.4 ± 71.3 pA, respectively). Veratridine inhibited, whereas, ATX-II had a minimal effect, on the peak INa and preserved the current-voltage curve. Peak and late INa inhibition was characterized for 25 clinical INa blockers in the presence of ATX-II. Compound IC50 values for peak INa generated in the absence or presence of ATX-II correlated. The potency of the late INa block was found to be dependent on whether it was measured at the end of the depolarizing pulse or during the ramp. DISCUSSION In the presence of ATX-II, both peak and late INa could be assessed simultaneously. Late INa may be best assessed using the maximum response obtained during the ramp of the voltage protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Guo
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., La Jolla, CA 92121, United States of America.
| | - Stephen Jenkinson
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., La Jolla, CA 92121, United States of America
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Wang W, Mellor RL, Nerbonne JM, Balke CW. Regional differences in the expression of tetrodotoxin-sensitive inward Ca 2+ and outward Cs +/K + currents in mouse and human ventricles. Channels (Austin) 2019; 13:72-87. [PMID: 30704344 PMCID: PMC6380286 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2019.1568146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) sensitive inward Ca2+ currents, ICa(TTX), have been identified in cardiac myocytes from several species, although it is unclear if ICa(TTX) is expressed in all cardiac cell types, and if ICa(TTX) reflects Ca2+ entry through the main, Nav1.5-encoded, cardiac Na+ (Nav) channels. To address these questions, recordings were obtained with 2 mm Ca2+ and 0 mm Na+ in the bath and 120 mm Cs+ in the pipettes from myocytes isolated from adult mouse interventricular septum (IVS), left ventricular (LV) endocardium, apex, and epicardium and from human LV endocardium and epicardium. On membrane depolarizations from a holding potential of −100 mV, ICa(TTX) was identified in mouse IVS and LV endocardial myocytes and in human LV endocardial myocytes, whereas only TTX-sensitive outward Cs+/K+ currents were observed in mouse LV apex and epicardial myocytes and human LV epicardial myocytes. The inward Ca2+, but not the outward Cs+/K+, currents were blocked by mm concentrations of MTSEA, a selective blocker of cardiac Nav1.5-encoded Na+ channels. In addition, in Nav1.5-expressing tsA-201 cells, ICa(TTX) was observed in 3 (of 20) cells, and TTX-sensitive outward Cs+/K+ currents were observed in the other (17) cells. The time- and voltage-dependent properties of the TTX-sensitive inward Ca2+ and outward Cs+/K+ currents recorded in Nav1.5-expressing tsA-201 were indistinguishable from native currents in mouse and human cardiac myocytes. Overall, the results presented here suggest marked regional, cell type-specific, differences in the relative ion selectivity, and likely the molecular architecture, of native SCN5A-/Scn5a- (Nav1.5-) encoded cardiac Na+ channels in mouse and human ventricles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- a Center for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , MO , USA
| | - Rebecca L Mellor
- a Center for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , MO , USA
| | - Jeanne M Nerbonne
- a Center for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , MO , USA.,b John Cochran Veterans Administration Medical Center , St. Louis , MO , USA
| | - C William Balke
- a Center for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , MO , USA.,b John Cochran Veterans Administration Medical Center , St. Louis , MO , USA
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50
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Gourdie RG. The Cardiac Gap Junction has Discrete Functions in Electrotonic and Ephaptic Coupling. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 302:93-100. [PMID: 30565418 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Connexin43-formed gap junctions have long been thought to contribute to cardiac conduction in the mammalian ventricle by providing direct electrotonic connectivity between the cytoplasms of neighboring cardiomyocytes. However, accumulating data from studies of non-mammalian hearts, Connexin 43 (Cx43) knockout mice and human Cx43 mutations have raised questions as to whether gap junctions are the sole means by which electrical coupling between cardiomyocytes is accomplished. Computational and experimental work over the last decade have indicated that intercellular propagation of action potentials in the heart may involve both electrotonic and ephaptic contributions-in what has been dubbed "mixed-mode" conduction. Interestingly, the Cx43 gap junction may provide a common structural platform in mammals that facilitates the operation of these two mechanisms. In addition to gap junction channels functioning in an electrotonic role, the perinexus region at the edge of gap junctions may be provide a niche for voltage-gated sodium channels from neighboring cells to be in sufficiently close proximity to enable ephaptic transmission of action potential. A novel role has recently been identified in this potential ephaptic mechanism for inter-membrane adhesion mediated by the beta subunit (beta1/Scn1b) of the sodium channel. The new perspective of the operational redundancy that is built into cardiac electrical connectivity could provide new understanding of arrhythmia mechanisms and holds the promise for new approach to anti-arrhythmic therapy. Anat Rec, 302:93-100, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Gourdie
- Center for Heart and Regenerative Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, Virginia, 24016.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, Virginia, 24016.,Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061
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