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Leon-Zamora S, Villarreal-Zegarra D, Bellido-Boza L. Association between abdominal obesity and depressive symptoms in Peruvian women aged 18-49 years: a sub-analysis of the Demographic and Family Health Survey 2018-2019. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e114. [PMID: 38605643 PMCID: PMC11036433 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal obesity (AO) is characterised by excess adipose tissue. It is a metabolic risk that affects the physical and mental health, particularly in women since they are more prone to mental health problems like depression. This study investigated the association between AO and depressive symptoms in Peruvian women of reproductive age (18-49 years). DESIGN This is a cross-sectional observational study. SETTING Peruvian women population of reproductive age. PARTICIPANTS We used data from the Peruvian Demographic and Family Health Survey (DHS) for 2018 and 2019 to assess 17 067 women for the presence of depressive symptoms (using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9): cut-off score ≥ 10) and AO (measured by abdominal circumference; cut-off score ≥88 cm). RESULTS We observed a 64·55 % prevalence of AO and 7·61 % of depressive symptoms in the study sample. Furthermore, 8·23 % of women with AO had depressive symptoms (P < 0·05). Initially, women with AO appeared to have a 26 % higher risk of depressive symptoms compared with women without AO (P = 0·028); however, after adjustment for covariates, no statistically significant association was observed. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, although both conditions are common in women of this age group, no significant association was found between AO and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Leon-Zamora
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de
Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - David Villarreal-Zegarra
- Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima,
Peru
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Continental,
Lima, Peru
| | - Luciana Bellido-Boza
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de
Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
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Müller-Tasch T, Löwe B, Frankenstein L, Frey N, Haass M, Friederich HC. Somatic symptom profile in patients with chronic heart failure with and without depressive comorbidity. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1356497. [PMID: 38566960 PMCID: PMC10985237 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1356497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) frequently suffer from depressive comorbidity. CHF and depressive comorbidity can cause somatic symptoms. The correct attribution of somatic symptoms is important. Thus, we aimed to assess potential differences in somatic symptom severity between CHF patients with and without depressive comorbidity. Methods We evaluated depressive comorbidity using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), somatic symptom severity with the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), and sociodemographic and medical variables in 308 CHF outpatients. To compare somatic symptom severity between CHF patients with and without depressive comorbidity, we conducted item-level analyses of covariance. Results Of the 308 participating patients, 93 (30.3%) met the PHQ-9 criteria for depressive comorbidity. These patients did not differ from those without depressive comorbidity with regard to age, sex, left ventricular function, and multimorbidity. Patients with depressive comorbidity scored significantly higher on ten out of thirteen PHQ-15 items than patients without depressive comorbidity. The largest effect sizes (0.71-0.80) were shown for symptoms of headache, chest pain, shortness of breath, and palpitations, and the latter three were potentially attributable to heart failure. Conclusions Among patients with CHF, somatic symptoms are more pronounced in those with depressive comorbidity than those without depressive comorbidity. This finding is especially true for cardiac symptoms independent of CHF severity. The potential interpretation of somatic symptoms as correlates of depressive comorbidity must be recognized in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Müller-Tasch
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Klinikum am Weissenhof, Weinsberg, Germany
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Löwe
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Frankenstein
- Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Haass
- Department of Cardiology, Theresien Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hans-Christoph Friederich
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Gubán Z, Gubán M, Csekő-Szél A. Somatization Patterns and Minority Stress Among LGBTQ+ Individuals in Hungary. J Homosex 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38386284 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2024.2321505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
This research aims to explore the relationship between somatization and minority stress in the LGBTQ+ community in Hungary, building on the biopsychosocial model, addressing the unique health challenges of the community and expanding the currently limited literature on the subject. The study involved adult, LGBTQ+, Hungarian individuals, and it assessed somatic symptom severity using the Patient Health Questionnaire-15. Ordinal logistic regressions were carried out, using multiple covariates and factors. Our findings shows that women reported higher somatic symptoms and stress levels, however, these effects are moderate among those living in the capital. The influence of residence type on the individual's psychosomatic health was proven to depend on their sexual orientations and gender identities. Additionally, older respondents, regardless of their gender or sexual orientation, seem to experience less somatic symptoms and stress. The gender respondents identify with, their type of residency, and age have been demonstrated as the most significant factors influencing somatic symptoms and perceived stress. As one of the pioneering studies on psychosomatic symptoms in sexual and gender minorities in Hungary, this research underscores the imperative to academically and practically address the health concerns of the LGBTQ+ community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Gubán
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Anna Csekő-Szél
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry, Regionshospitalet Randers, Randers, Denmark
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Saby A, Alvarez A, Smolins D, Petros J, Nguyen L, Trujillo M, Aygün O. Effects of Embodiment in Virtual Reality for Treatment of Chronic Pain: Pilot Open-Label Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e34162. [PMID: 38363591 PMCID: PMC10907942 DOI: 10.2196/34162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain has long been a major health burden that has been addressed through numerous forms of pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment. One of the tenets of modern medicine is to minimize risk while providing efficacy. Further, because of its noninvasive nature, virtual reality (VR) provides an attractive platform for potentially developing novel therapeutic modalities. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of a novel VR-based digital therapy for the treatment of chronic pain. METHODS An open-label study assessed the feasibility of using virtual embodiment in VR to treat chronic pain. In total, 24 patients with chronic pain were recruited from local pain clinics and completed 8 sessions of a novel digital therapeutic that combines virtual embodiment with graded motor imagery to deliver functional rehabilitation exercises over the course of 4 weeks. Pain intensity as measured by a visual analog scale before and after each virtual embodiment training session was used as the primary outcome measure. Additionally, a battery of patient-reported pain questionnaires (Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire) were administered before and after 8 sessions of virtual embodiment training as exploratory outcome measures to assess if the measures are appropriate and warrant a larger randomized controlled trial. RESULTS A 2-way ANOVA on session × pre- versus postvirtual embodiment training revealed that individual virtual embodiment training sessions significantly reduced the intensity of pain as measured by the visual analog scale (P<.001). Perceived disability due to lower back pain as measured by the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire significantly improved (P=.003) over the 4-week course of virtual embodiment regimen. Improvement was also observed on the helplessness subscale of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (P=.02). CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that functional rehabilitation exercises delivered in VR are safe and may have positive effects on alleviating the symptoms of chronic pain. Additionally, the virtual embodiment intervention may improve perceived disability and helplessness of patients with chronic pain after 8 sessions. The results support the justification for a larger randomized controlled trial to assess the extent to which virtual embodiment training can exert an effect on symptoms associated with chronic pain. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04060875; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04060875.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Saby
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Occupational Health Division, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | | | - James Petros
- Allied Pain and Spine, San Jose, CA, United States
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Zhao Z, Bai B, Wang S, Zhou Y, Yu P, Zhao Q, Yang B. Physical and psychological correlates of somatic symptom in patients with functional constipation: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:134. [PMID: 38365647 PMCID: PMC10873943 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05559-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The symptoms of functional constipation (FC) were obviously affected by mental symptoms, which was consistent with somatic symptoms. However, the characteristics of FC patients with somatic symptom remains unexplored. METHODS Clinical characteristics including somatic symptom (SOM, PHQ-15), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), quality of life (PAC-QOL), constipation (KESS), demographic variables, anatomical abnormalities and symptoms were investigated. Subsequent analyses encompassed the comparison of clinical parameters between patients with SOM + group (PHQ-15 ≥ 10) and SOM- group (PHQ-15 < 10), subgroup analysis, correlation analysis, and logistic regression. Lastly, we evaluated the somatic symptom severity (SSS) among FC patients subjected to various stressors. RESULTS Notable disparities were observed between SOM + and SOM- groups in variety of physiological and psychological variables, including gender, stressful events, sleep disorders, reduced interest, GAD-7, PHQ-15, PHQ-9, PAC-QOL, anterior rectocele, KESS, and internal anal sphincter achalasia (IASA) (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis affirmed consistent findings across mental symptoms. Correlation analyses revealed significant associations between SSS and KESS, anterior rectocele, GAD-7, PHQ-9, and PAC-QOL (P < 0.05). Logistic regression identified PHQ-9 (OR = 7.02, CI: 2.06-27.7, P = 0.003), GAD-7 (OR = 7.18, CI: 2.00-30.7, P = 0.004), and KESS (OR = 16.8, CI: 3.09-113, P = 0.002) as independent predictors of SSS. Elevated SSS scores were significantly associated with couple, parental, and work-related stressors (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A marked heterogeneity was observed between SOM + and SOM- patients of FC, with SOM + accompanied by more severe constipation, anxiety and depression symptoms. This finding underscores the importance of considering somatic symptoms in diagnosis and treatment of FC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, No.127, West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, No.127, West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, No.127, West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, No.127, West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, No.127, West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, No.127, West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Medical University, No.127, West Changle Road, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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Mineiro L, Gallo da Silva TT, Valderramas SR, Kowalski SC, Dos Santos Paiva E, Gomes ARS. Translation, transcultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese and concurrent validity of the rheumatoid arthritis assessment scale (RAKAS-13/Brazil). Adv Rheumatol 2024; 64:5. [PMID: 38167406 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-023-00341-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of patients about Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a necessary aspect to better approach self-management support in a patient-centered manner. The research instrument known as the Rheumatoid Arthritis Knowledge Assessment Scale (RAKAS), consisting of 13 items, is simple, reliable and reproducible, and can be applied in both clinical practice and research protocols. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the RAKAS vocabulary into Brazilian Portuguese and to evaluate its concurrent validity. METHODS The RAKAS was translated into Brazilian Portuguese and administered to 52 elderly women with RA recruited between May 2021 and May 2022. Concurrent validity was assessed using the Spearman's correlation coefficient between RAKAS and Patient Knowledge Questionnaire (PKQ). RESULTS The participants considered RAKAS-13/BRAZIL easy to understand and did not report any doubts in answering the final version. Concurrent validity of the RAKAS-13/BRAZIL was low compared to the PKQ (ρ = 0.283, p = 0.038). CONCLUSION The Brazilian Portuguese version of the RAKAS (RAKAS-13/BRASIL) proved to be a questionnaire that was easy and quick to administer to assess patient knowledge about Rheumatoid Arthritis, despite its low correlation with the PKQ in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindomar Mineiro
- Physical Education Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | | | - Silvia Regina Valderramas
- Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Prevention and Rehabilitation in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Dos Santos Paiva
- Rheumatology, Internal Medicine Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Anna Raquel Silveira Gomes
- Prevention and Rehabilitation in Physical Therapy Department, Masters and PhD Programs in Physical Education, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Ranganathan P, Caduff C, Frampton CMA. Designing and validating a research questionnaire - Part 2. Perspect Clin Res 2024; 15:42-45. [PMID: 38282630 PMCID: PMC10810057 DOI: 10.4103/picr.picr_318_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Validity and reliability refer to the accuracy and consistency of a research tool. In the previous article in this series, we examined the development of a research questionnaire. In this article, we discuss the methods of determining the validity and reliability of a research questionnaire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Ranganathan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Carlo Caduff
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
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Martins WWC, Sardas L, Barbosa RGPN, Mendonça RGMDE, Gotfryd A, Caffaro MFS, Fucs PMDEMB, Meves R. CORRELATION BETWEEN TYPES OF MINDSET AND QUALITY OF LIFE EVALUATION IN PATIENTS WITH SCOLIOSIS. Acta Ortop Bras 2023; 31:e266234. [PMID: 38115871 PMCID: PMC10726703 DOI: 10.1590/1413-785220233105e266234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Scoliosis is a pathology with multiple etiologies that leads to aesthetic changes, increased morbidity and, especially, psychological damage. Objective This work aims to compare two mindset types (fixed and growth) and assess levels of quality of life in individuals with scoliosis. Methods Two questionnaires, Scoliosis Research Society-30 (SRS-30) and Early-Onset Scoliosis-24 Questionnaire (EOSQ-24), associated with the "Health Mindset Scale," were used. We applied the SRS-30 to patients who were independent or whose diagnosis of spinal deformity occurred after the age of 10 years. For patients diagnosed before the age of 10 or who presented dependence due to cognitive impairment, caregivers were subjected to the "Health Mindset Scale" and EOSQ-24 questionnaires. Results The sample consisted of 35 patients aged from 4 to 46 years, the majority aged from 15 to 18 years old (42.9%), female (71.4%), and with neuromuscular scoliosis (28.6%). The only significant result (p = 0.060) was the increase in pain/discomfort scores in the EOSQ-24 for a patient with a growth mindset. Lastly, there was no statistical difference between groups, however, in patients with a growth mindset, there was a tendency (p = 0.060) to have a higher pain/discomfort score, assessed via the EOSQ-24 score, reported by the caregiver. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Comparative Study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Wilian Costa Martins
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology "Pavilhao Fernandinho Simonsen", Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Sardas
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology "Pavilhao Fernandinho Simonsen", Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Guedes Pereira Nunes Barbosa
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology "Pavilhao Fernandinho Simonsen", Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Góes Medéa DE Mendonça
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia "Pavilhao Fernandinho Simonsen", Spine Surgery Group, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alberto Gotfryd
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia "Pavilhao Fernandinho Simonsen", Spine Surgery Group, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Silber Caffaro
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology "Pavilhao Fernandinho Simonsen", Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia "Pavilhao Fernandinho Simonsen", Spine Surgery Group, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maria DE Moraes Barros Fucs
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology "Pavilhao Fernandinho Simonsen", Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Robert Meves
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia "Pavilhao Fernandinho Simonsen", Spine Surgery Group, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Zainab R, Kandasamy A, Bhat NA, Dsouza CV, Jennings H, Jackson C, Mazumdar P, Hewitt CE, Ekers D, Narayanan G, Rao GN, Coales K, Muliyala KP, Chaturvedi SK, Murthy P, Siddiqi N. Behavioral Activation for Comorbid Depression in People With Noncommunicable Disease in India: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e41127. [PMID: 37971791 PMCID: PMC10690525 DOI: 10.2196/41127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing burden of depression and noncommunicable disease (NCD) is a global challenge, especially in low- and middle-income countries, considering the resource constraints and lack of trained human resources in these settings. Effective treatment of depression in people with NCDs has the potential to enhance both the mental and physical well-being of this population. It will also result in the effective use of the available health care resources. Brief psychological therapies, such as behavioral activation (BA), are effective for the treatment of depression. BA has not been adapted in the community health care services of India, and the feasibility of using BA as an intervention for depression in NCD and its effectiveness in these settings have not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVE Our objective is to adapt BA for the Indian NCD context and test the acceptability, feasibility, and implementation of the adapted BA intervention (BEACON intervention package [BIP]). Additionally, we aim to test the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial evaluation of BIP for the treatment of depression compared with enhanced usual care. METHODS Following well-established frameworks for intervention adaptation, we first adapted BA (to fit the linguistic, cultural, and resource context) for delivery in India. The intervention was also adapted for potential remote delivery by telephone. In a randomized controlled trial, we will be testing the acceptability, feasibility, and implementation of the adapted BA intervention (BIP). We shall also test if a randomized controlled feasibility trial can be delivered effectively and estimate important parameters (eg, recruitment and retention rates and completeness of follow-up) needed to design a future definitive trial. RESULTS Following the receipt of approval from all the relevant agencies, the development of the BIP was started on November 28, 2020, and completed on August 18, 2021, and the quantitative data collection was started on August 23, 2021, and completed on December 10, 2021. Process evaluation (qualitative data) collection is ongoing. Both the qualitative and quantitative data analyses are ongoing. CONCLUSIONS This study may offer insights that could help in closing the gap in the treatment of common mental illness, particularly in nations with limited resources, infrastructure, and systems such as India. To close this gap, BEACON tries to provide BA for depression in NCDs through qualified NCD (BA) counselors integrated within the state-run NCD clinics. The results of this study may aid in understanding whether BA as an intervention is acceptable for the population and how feasible it will be to deliver such interventions for depression in NCD in South Asian countries such as India. The BIP may also be used in the future by Indian community clinics as a brief intervention program. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials Registry of India CTRI/2020/05/025048; https://tinyurl.com/mpt33jv5. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/41127.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayeesa Zainab
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Arun Kandasamy
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Naseer Ahmad Bhat
- Jindal School of Psychology and Counselling, O P Jindal Global University, Sonipat, India
| | | | - Hannah Jennings
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York & Hull York Medical School, Heslington, United Kingdom
| | - Cath Jackson
- Valid Research LTD, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Papiya Mazumdar
- School of Politics and International Studies, Faculty of Social Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - David Ekers
- Tees Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, North Yorkshire, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Health, Durham University, North Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - Girish N Rao
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Karen Coales
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York & Hull York Medical School, Heslington, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Pratima Murthy
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Najma Siddiqi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York & Hull York Medical School, Heslington, United Kingdom
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Meule A, Lieb K, Chmitorz A, Voderholzer U. Resilience and depressive symptoms in inpatients with depression: A cross-lagged panel model. Clin Psychol Psychother 2023. [PMID: 37885282 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resilience-the ability to bounce back or quickly recover from stress-has been found to predict treatment outcome in patients with mental disorders such as depression. The current study aimed to test whether resilience itself changes during treatment and whether resilience exclusively predicts changes in depressive symptoms or whether depressive symptoms also predict changes in resilience. METHODS Inpatients with depression (N = 2165; average length of stay M = 60 days, SD = 32) completed the Brief Resilience Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale at admission and discharge, scores of which were used to run a cross-lagged panel model. RESULTS Resilience increased and depressive symptoms decreased from admission to discharge. Cross-sectionally, higher resilience was related to lower depressive symptoms at admission and at discharge. Prospectively, higher resilience at admission predicted stronger decreases in depressive symptoms, and higher depressive symptoms at admission predicted smaller increases in resilience. LIMITATIONS Self-report questionnaires may potentially be biased (e.g., through recall bias, social desirability, or demand effects). CONCLUSIONS The current study further supports that resilience is related not only to fewer mental health problems cross-sectionally but also is sensitive to change and a predictor of treatment outcome in patients with mental disorders. Given this pivotal role in mental health, the current findings highlight the importance of prevention and intervention approaches for promoting resilience in the general population and in persons with mental disorders in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Meule
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of the LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Schoen Clinic Roseneck, Prien am Chiemsee, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrea Chmitorz
- Faculty of Social Work, Education and Nursing, Esslingen University of Applied Sciences, Esslingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Voderholzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of the LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Schoen Clinic Roseneck, Prien am Chiemsee, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Xu L, Chang R, Wang H, Xu C, Yu X, Chen H, Wang R, Liu S, Liu Y, Wang Y, Cai Y. Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for Suicide Screening in Transgender Women. Transgend Health 2023; 8:450-456. [PMID: 37810941 PMCID: PMC10551761 DOI: 10.1089/trgh.2021.0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose High prevalence of depression in transgender women highlights the importance of validating the measure to assess depression. Moreover, depression is significantly associated with suicide across research studies. The aims of the current study were to validate a Chinese-language version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and to assess operating characteristics of the PHQ-9 for suicide screening in transgender women. Methods With the approval of an Institutional Review Board (IRB), a total of 198 transgender women living in Shenyang, China, were recruited, and asked to complete the PHQ-9, including measures of their suicidal ideation, planning and attempt. Results A one-factor model of the PHQ-9 was supported in the current sample, showing good reliability and validity. The best cutoff point for the PHQ-9 in suicidal ideation was 17, with a sensitivity/specificity of 77.78%; the best cutoff point for PHQ-9 in suicidal planning was 17, with a sensitivity of 81.82% and a specificity of 73.26%; and the best cutoff point for PHQ-9 in suicidal attempt was 20, with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 90.21%. Conclusion Findings supported the validity of the PHQ-9. With potential clinical or research application, the PHQ-9 can be an efficient instrument for suicide screening in transgender women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Xu
- Department of Student Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruijie Chang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huwen Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongxi Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangbin Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Mazoué É, Veret M, Corroënne R, Mercier MB, Lomo H, Verhaeghe C, Lasocki S, Bouet PE, Léger M. Translation and validation of the French version of the ObsQoR-10 questionnaire for the evaluation of recovery after delivery: the ObsQoR-10-French. BJA Open 2023; 7:100221. [PMID: 37638079 PMCID: PMC10457490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjao.2023.100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Background The Obstetric Quality of Recovery-10 (ObsQoR-10) is a validated tool for assessing the quality of postpartum recovery. This study aimed to validate the French version of the ObsQoR-10 scale (ObsQoR-10-French). Methods After translating the ObsQoR-10 into French, we conducted a psychometric validation involving internal consistency, convergent validity, construct validity, reliability, responsiveness, scaling properties, acceptability, and feasibility. French women who underwent either a vaginal delivery (spontaneous or induced labour), or an emergency or elective Caesarean section (C-section) were prospectively included. They completed the ObsQoR-10-French before delivery and at 24 h (H24) and 48 h (H48) after delivery. Results Of the 500 women included, 431 (86%) completed the questionnaire at all three timepoints. A total of 352 women (82%) underwent vaginal delivery (with 228 [53%] experiencing spontaneous labour and 124 [29%] had labour induced), whereas 53 (12%) women underwent an emergency C-section and 26 (6%) an elective C-section. The ObsQoR-10-French demonstrated excellent internal consistency with a Cronbach's coefficient of 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.78-0.84 at H24. The tool was correlated with an 11-item global health score (P<0.001). Of the list of hypotheses for evaluating the construct validity, 81% were confirmed (negative associations between ObsQoR-10-French and length of labour, hospital stay, the need for a C-section, and the emergency level of the C-section). The Cohen effect size at H24 was 0.58. The intra-class coefficient was 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.86-0.93 at H24. Conclusion The ObsQoR-10-French is a valid and reliable psychometric questionnaire, capable of assessing the quality of postpartum recovery in French-speaking populations. Clinical trial registration NCT04489602.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric Mazoué
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Angers University Hospital, France
| | - Mathilde Veret
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Angers University Hospital, France
| | - Romain Corroënne
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Angers University Hospital, France
| | | | - Henri Lomo
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Angers University Hospital, France
| | - Caroline Verhaeghe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Angers University Hospital, France
| | - Sigismond Lasocki
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Angers University Hospital, France
| | | | - Maxime Léger
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Angers University Hospital, France
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
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13
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Hwang JW, Eun Y, Song CH. Associations of Alcohol Consumption and Smoking Behaviors with Depressed Mood According to Gender in Korean Young Adults. Korean J Fam Med 2023; 44:274-280. [PMID: 37423254 PMCID: PMC10522473 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.22.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have reported that chronic mental health problems often emerge in young adulthood. This study elucidated the independent effects of smoking and drinking on depressed mood in young adults by sex. METHODS We used Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted in 2014, 2016, and 2018. A total of 3,391 participants aged 19-35 years, without serious chronic diseases, were recruited for this study. Depression was evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). RESULTS Smoking behavior, current smoking, and number of days smoked were significantly associated with higher PHQ-9 scores in both men and women (all P<0.05). However, past and ever smoking were positively associated with PHQ-9 scores only in women (all P<0.001). Regarding alcohol consumption, the age at which drinking first began was negatively associated with PHQ-9 scores in both men and women (all P<0.001), but the amount of alcohol consumed at 1 time was positively associated with PHQ-9 scores only in women (P=0.013). Men who drank 2-4 times a month and women who had not drunk during the past year had the lowest PHQ-9 scores. CONCLUSION Smoking and alcohol consumption were independently associated with depressed mood in young Korean adults, which was more pronounced in women, and exhibited sex-specific characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Won Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngmi Eun
- Department of Family Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Hee Song
- Department of Family Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Arias de la Torre J, Vilagut G, Ronaldson A, Valderas JM, Bakolis I, Dregan A, Molina AJ, Navarro-Mateu F, Pérez K, Bartoll-Roca X, Elices M, Pérez-Sola V, Serrano-Blanco A, Martín V, Alonso J. Reliability and cross-country equivalence of the 8-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) for the assessment of depression: results from 27 countries in Europe. Lancet Reg Health Eur 2023; 31:100659. [PMID: 37332385 PMCID: PMC10272490 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Background The 8-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) is one of the self-reported questionnaires most frequently used worldwide for the screening and severity assessment of depression. However, in some European countries its reliability is unknown, and it is unclear whether its psychometric properties vary between European countries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the internal structure, reliability and cross-country equivalence of the PHQ-8 in Europe. Methods All participants from the 27 countries included in the second wave of the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS-2) between 2014 and 2015 with complete information on the PHQ-8 were included (n = 258,888). The internal structure of the PHQ-8 was assessed using confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) for categorical items. Additionally, the reliability of the questionnaire was assessed based on the internal consistency, Item Response Theory information functions, and item-discrimination (using Graded Response Models), and the cross-country equivalence based on multi-group CFA. Findings The PHQ-8 shows high internal consistency for all countries. The countries in which the PHQ-8 was more reliable were Romania, Bulgaria and Cyprus and less reliable were Iceland, Norway and Austria. The PHQ-8 item with highest discrimination was item 2 (feeling down, depressed, or hopeless) in 24 of the 27 countries. Measurement invariance between countries in Europe was observed from multigroup CFA at the configural, metric and scalar levels. Interpretation The results from our study, likely the largest study to the date assessing the internal structure, reliability and cross-country comparability of a self-reported mental health assessment measure, shows that the PHQ-8 has an adequate reliability and cross-country equivalence across the 27 European countries included. These results highlight the suitability of the comparisons of the PHQ-8 scores in Europe. They could be helpful to improve the screening and severity assessment of depressive symptoms at the European level. Funding This work was partially funded by CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) as part of the Intramural call of 2021 (ESP21PI05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Arias de la Torre
- Care in Long Term Conditions Research Division, King’s College London, London, UK
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, Leon, Spain
| | - Gemma Vilagut
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Services Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amy Ronaldson
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jose M. Valderas
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Family Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore
- Centre for Research in Health Systems Performance (CRiHSP), National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Ioannis Bakolis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alex Dregan
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Antonio J. Molina
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, Leon, Spain
| | - Fernando Navarro-Mateu
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Docencia, Investigación y Formación en Salud Mental (UDIF-SM), Servicio Murciano de Salud, Murcia, Spain
- IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Katherine Pérez
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Bartoll-Roca
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de l’Hospital de laSanta Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Antoni Serrano-Blanco
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, Leon, Spain
| | - Jordi Alonso
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Services Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
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Phi HNY, Manh BX, Ngoc TA, Chau PTM, Tho TQ, Nghia NT, Nghia TT, Quynh HHN, Huy NT, Linh NT, An PL. Psychometric Properties of Vietnamese Versions of the Clinician-Rated and Self-Reported Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology and the Patient Health Questionnaire. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2023; 33:65-70. [PMID: 37400228 DOI: 10.12809/eaap2258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the second-most prevalent mental health condition in Vietnam. This study aims to validate the Vietnamese versions of the self-reported and clinician-rated Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-SR and QIDS-C, respectively) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and to assess the correlations between the QIDS-SR, QIDS-C, and PHQ-9. METHODS 506 participants with MDD (mean age, 46.3 years; 55.5% women) were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5. The internal consistency, diagnostic efficiency, and concurrent validity of the Vietnamese versions of QIDS-SR, QIDS-C, and PHQ-9 were determined using the Cronbach's alpha, receiver operating characteristic curve, and Pearson correlation coefficient, respectively. RESULTS The Vietnamese versions of QIDS-SR, QIDS-C, and PHQ-9 demonstrated acceptable validity, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.901, 0.967, and 0.864, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity, respectively, were 87.8% and 77.8% for QIDS-SR and 97.6% and 86.2% for QIDS-C at the cut-off score of 6, and were 82.9% and 70.1% for PHQ-9 at the cut-off score of 4. Cronbach's alphas for QIDS-SR, QIDS-C, and PHQ-9 were 0.709, 0.813, and 0.745, respectively. The PHQ-9 highly correlated with the QIDS-SR (r = 0.77, p < 0.001) and the QIDS-C (r = 0.75, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The Vietnamese versions of the QIDS-SR, QIDS-C, and PHQ-9 are valid and reliable tools for screening of MDD in primary healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- H N Y Phi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - B X Manh
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - T A Ngoc
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - P T M Chau
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - T Q Tho
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - N T Nghia
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Mental Health Unit, Hoan My Sai Gon Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - T T Nghia
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - H H N Quynh
- Department of Health Education and Psychology in Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - N T Huy
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - N T Linh
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - P L An
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Mental Health Unit, Hoan My Sai Gon Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- The Center of Training Family Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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16
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Jeong JA, Kim SA, Yang JH, Shin MH. Urban-Rural Differences in the Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms in Korean Adults. Chonnam Med J 2023; 59:128-133. [PMID: 37303821 PMCID: PMC10248393 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2023.59.2.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression among Koreans living in urban and rural areas, stratified by socioeconomic status. The study included 216,765 participants from the 2017 Korean Community Health Survey. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the PHQ-9, with a score of 10 or higher indicating depressive symptoms. Residences with the words Eup and Myeon in their addresses were categorized as rural areas, and residences with Dong in their addresses as urban areas. Socioeconomic status was evaluated by household income and education level. A Poisson regression analysis with sampling weights was conducted and adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, socioeconomic status, and comorbidity. The adjusted prevalence rate of depressive symptoms was 3.33% (95% CI, 3.21-3.45) in urban areas and 2.59% (95% CI, 2.43-2.74) in rural areas. The prevalence of depressive symptoms in urban areas was 1.29 times (95% CI, 1.20-1.38) higher than in rural areas. The prevalence rate ratio for depressive symptoms in urban areas compared to rural areas sorted by monthly incomes was 1.39 (95% CI, 1.28-1.51) for less than 2 million won, 1.22 (95% CI, 1.06-1.41) for 2 to 3.99 million won, and 1.09 (95% CI, 0.90-1.32) for more than 4 million won, and the urban-rural difference was more evident in lower household income subjects (p for interaction=0.033). However, urban-rural differences did not differ according to sex, age, or education level. In conclusion, we found urban-rural differences in depressive symptoms in a representative sample of Koreans, and revealed that these differences may vary according to income level. These results suggest that mental health policy must consider the health disparities according to residence and income.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-An Jeong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Sun A Kim
- Honam Regional Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jung Ho Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
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Cedrone F, Berselli N, Stacchini L, De Nicolò V, Caminiti M, Ancona A, Minutolo G, Mazza C, Cosma C, Gallinoro V, Catalini A, Gianfredi V. Depressive Symptoms of Public Health Medical Residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic, a Nation-Wide Survey: The PHRASI Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:ijerph20095620. [PMID: 37174140 PMCID: PMC10178174 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20095620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a widespread condition, which increased during the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare workers as well. The large workload of the pandemic response also affected Public Health Residents (PHRs) who played an important role in infection prevention and control activities. This work aims to assess depression in Italian PHRs, based on data collected through the PHRASI (Public Health Residents' Anonymous Survey in Italy) study. In 2022, 379 PHRs completed the self-administered questionnaire containing Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to evaluate clinically relevant depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥ 10). Multivariate logistic regression shows that the intention (aOR = 3.925, 95% CI = (2.067-7.452)) and the uncertainty (aOR = 4.949, 95% CI = (1.872-13.086)) of repeating the test to enter another postgraduate school/general practitioner course and the simultaneous attendance of two traineeships (aOR = 1.832, 95% CI = (1.010-3.324)) are positively related with depressive symptoms. Conversely, the willingness to work in the current traineeship place (aOR = 0.456, 95% CI = (0.283-0.734)) emerged as a protective factor. Similar results were obtained considering mild-to-severe (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) depressive symptoms and/or stratifying by sex. The findings, suggesting the protective role of job satisfaction toward depression, might entail future interventions to improve the learning experience and promote work-life balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Cedrone
- Hospital Management, Local Health Authority of Pescara, 65100 Pescara, Italy
| | - Nausicaa Berselli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Stacchini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Valentina De Nicolò
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Caminiti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery-Sector of Public Health, University of Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Angela Ancona
- School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Minutolo
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Clara Mazza
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Cosma
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Veronica Gallinoro
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Catalini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60100 Ancona, Italy
| | - Vincenza Gianfredi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 36, 20133 Milan, Italy
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, 6211 Maastricht, The Netherlands
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18
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Daccò S, Caldirola D, Grassi M, Alciati A, Perna G, Defillo A. High prevalence of major depression in US sleep clinics: the need for routine depression screening in sleep services. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:835-836. [PMID: 36644846 PMCID: PMC10071372 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Depression screening is not part of routine clinical practice in US sleep clinics. Our study aimed to report the prevalence of depression among individuals referred to US sleep clinics. According to our findings, approximately 21% of patients had depression, with about 4% reporting severe symptoms, 9% had frequent death and/or self-harming thoughts, and 61% were taking antidepressants. Our results highlighted a considerable risk of prevalent depression in sleep clinics and supported the limited existing data on this topic. Our study advocates for the need for routine depression screening in sleep services to reduce the detrimental consequences of a delayed depression diagnosis and the risk of a worse prognosis for both depression and sleep-wake disorders. CITATION Daccò S, Caldirola D, Grassi M, Alciati A, Perna G, Defillo A. High prevalence of major depression in US sleep clinics: the need for routine depression screening in sleep services. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(4):835-836.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Daccò
- Research and Development Department, Medibio Limited, Savage, Minnesota
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Villa San Benedetto Menni Hospital, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Como, Italy
| | - Daniela Caldirola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Villa San Benedetto Menni Hospital, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Como, Italy
- Humanitas San Pio X, Personalized Medicine Center for Anxiety and Panic Disorders, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Grassi
- Research and Development Department, Medibio Limited, Savage, Minnesota
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Villa San Benedetto Menni Hospital, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Como, Italy
| | - Alessandra Alciati
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Villa San Benedetto Menni Hospital, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Como, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Perna
- Research and Development Department, Medibio Limited, Savage, Minnesota
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Villa San Benedetto Menni Hospital, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Como, Italy
- Humanitas San Pio X, Personalized Medicine Center for Anxiety and Panic Disorders, Milan, Italy
| | - Archie Defillo
- Research and Development Department, Medibio Limited, Savage, Minnesota
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19
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T R, Kumar N, Hegde K, Unnikrishnan B, Mithra P, Holla R, Bhagawan D. The COVID-19 pandemic and mental health outcomes - A cross-sectional study among health care workers in Coastal South India. F1000Res 2023; 11:676. [PMID: 37224327 PMCID: PMC10186062 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.111193.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Frontline health care workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of developing unfavourable mental health outcomes and burnout, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recognizing the early warning signs of mental distress is very important to ensure the provision of quality patient care. Methods: In this facility-based cross-sectional study, HCWs of the teaching hospitals affiliated to Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore were assessed regarding their mental health status using a semi-structured questionnaire. All doctors and nurses who were willing to participate from these teaching hospitals were included in the study. Data was collected over a period of four months (1 st March -30 th June 2021) till the required sample size was reached and analysed using IBM SPSS and expressed using mean (standard deviation), median (interquartile range), and proportions. Univariate analysis was done to identify the factors associated with mental health outcomes among the HCWs and the corresponding unadjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were reported. Results: A total of 245 HCWs [52.2% (n=128) doctors and 47.8% (n=117) nurses] were included in our study. The proportion of participants with depressive symptoms, anxiety, and insomnia assessed using PHQ-9, GAD-7, and ISI-7 scales were 49% (n=119), 38% (n=93), and 42% (n=102) respectively. Depression, anxiety, and insomnia were more likely to be experienced by HCWs aged > 27 years, females, and involved in COVID-19 patient care. (p>0.05) Conclusions: Our findings that 38% of the examined HCWs had clinically relevant anxiety symptoms and 49% had clinically relevant depression symptoms draws attention to the importance of systematically tracking the mental health of HCWs during this ongoing pandemic. HCWs should monitor their stress reactions and seek appropriate help both on a personal and professional level. Appropriate workplace interventions including psychological support should be provided to HCWs, to ensure provision of uncompromised quality patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha T
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Nithin Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Kausthubh Hegde
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Prasanna Mithra
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ramesh Holla
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Darshan Bhagawan
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Tack L, Maenhoudt AS, Ketelaars L, De Zutter J, Pinson S, Keunebrock L, Haaker L, Deckmyn K, Gheysen M, Kenis C, Wildiers H, Depoorter L, Geerts PJ, Chandler R, Boterberg T, Schofield P, Parris CN, Debruyne PR. Diagnostic Performance of Screening Tools for Depressive Symptoms in Vulnerable Older Patients with Cancer Undergoing Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA): Results from the SCREEN Pilot Study. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:1805-1817. [PMID: 36826101 PMCID: PMC9955591 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common and disabling disorder in later life, particularly among people with poor physical health. There are many screening tools available that can be used to examine depressive symptoms; however, not all of them may be appropriate or accurate for older adults with cancer. This pilot study was designed to test the diagnostic performance of two screening tools and their short versions in a cohort of vulnerable (G8 score ≤ 14/17) older patients with cancer undergoing comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). The prospective analysis covered 50 vulnerable patients with cancer aged ≥70 years. The diagnostic performance of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)-15, GDS-4, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 and PHQ-2 was compared to the 'gold standard' Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders (SCID-5-S) depression module A. The sensitivity and specificity in detecting depressive symptoms were the highest in the case of PHQ-2, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 92.7%. The AUROC for the 9-item version, PHQ-9, was 90.2%. For the GDS-15 and GDS-4, the AUROC was only 56.2% and 62.0%, respectively. The SCREEN pilot study illustrates the potential benefit of using a shorter screening tool, PHQ-2, to identify older patients with cancer who would benefit from a more in-depth emotional evaluation as part of a CGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tack
- Department of Medical Oncology, OECI-designated Kortrijk Cancer Centre, General Hospital Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Lore Ketelaars
- Department of Psychology, General Hospital Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Jolien De Zutter
- Department of Psychology, General Hospital Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Stefanie Pinson
- Department of Psychology, General Hospital Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Laura Keunebrock
- Department of Psychology, General Hospital Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Lorenz Haaker
- Department of Medical Oncology, OECI-designated Kortrijk Cancer Centre, General Hospital Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Deckmyn
- Department of Medical Oncology, OECI-designated Kortrijk Cancer Centre, General Hospital Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Mathilde Gheysen
- Department of Medical Oncology, OECI-designated Kortrijk Cancer Centre, General Hospital Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Cindy Kenis
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laurence Depoorter
- Department of Geriatrics, General Hospital Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Pieter-Jan Geerts
- Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Rebecca Chandler
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, UK
| | - Tom Boterberg
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patricia Schofield
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Christopher N. Parris
- Medical Technology Research Centre (MTRC), School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Philip R. Debruyne
- Department of Medical Oncology, OECI-designated Kortrijk Cancer Centre, General Hospital Groeninge, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
- Medical Technology Research Centre (MTRC), School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-(0)56-63-39-00
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21
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Madundo K, Knettel BA, Knippler E, Mbwambo J. Prevalence, severity, and associated factors of depression in newly diagnosed people living with HIV in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:83. [PMID: 36726113 PMCID: PMC9890688 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is particularly common among people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), with some studies showing a prevalence of depression three times higher among people living with HIV as compared to the general public. The stress associated with being diagnosed with HIV can be quite impactful, including concerns about one's long-term health, stigma, and the burden of long-term treatment. Therefore, it is common for a new HIV diagnosis to contribute to the onset of depressive symptoms. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of depression, and its associated factors in people diagnosed with HIV within the past 12 months. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey with patients newly diagnosed with HIV at three hospitals in the Kilimanjaro region of Tanzania utilizing a locally validated version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) as a screener for depression, the Demographic Health Survey (SES-DHS8) for socio-demographic characteristics, and the Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire (FSSQ) to assess perceived social support. We enrolled 272 participants between September and December 2020, diagnosed with HIV within the past 12 months. Analysis of Co-variance (ANCOVA) and Bonferroni post-hoc analysis were used to determine associations of sociodemographic variables with the dependent variable of depression. RESULTS Overall prevalence of depression in our sample was 41%, including 54 participants (20%) with moderate symptoms, 42 (15%) with moderately severe symptoms, and 16 (6%) with severe symptoms. Severity was highest in participants diagnosed with HIV less than 1 month ago. An ANCOVA model (overall F = 4.72, p < 0.001) assessing factors associated with greater depression severity revealed significant effects of study site (F = 7.6, p < 0.001), female gender (F = 5.11, p = 0.02), and less time since HIV diagnosis (F = 12.3, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The study demonstrates very high prevalence of depression among people living with HIV in this setting, particularly among those newly diagnosed, female participants, and those seen at the larger regional referral hospital. Integration of mental health screening and interventions into CTC care is vital in the first visits following a positive test result and may be tailored to meet the needs of patients at highest risk for developing symptoms of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Madundo
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania.
| | - Brandon A Knettel
- Duke University School of Nursing and Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth Knippler
- Duke Centre for AIDS Research, Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jessie Mbwambo
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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Palacios-Jiménez NM, Duque-Molina C, Alarcón-López A, Zepeda-Arias FM, Martínez-Franco JD, Reyna-Sevilla A. [What has been done at IMSS regarding the users's mental health in the COVID-19 pandemic?]. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 2023; 61:1-3. [PMID: 36542097 PMCID: PMC10395898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, mental health has acquired greater relevance and attention as a consequence mainly of the COVID-19 pandemic, to which is attributed a negative impact on the development of life, work and social coexistence of people, along with the magnitude derived from non-communicable diseases. This is why the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS, Mexican Institute for Social Security) developed the Mental Health Comprehensive Program 2021-2024, whose main purpose was to establish strategies and lines of action for the prevention, early detection and timely management regarding mental health and addictions. Based on this, different actions have been carried out, for example, the identification of the material and human resources available at IMSS to meet the mental health issue; the training of healthcare professionals at the three levels of care; the integration of a census that has reported a prevalence of anxiety and depressive episodes in the users of 39.9 and 3%, respectively, as well as the evaluation of instruments for screening mental disorders. Therefore, this document describes what has been done in the IMSS in relation to the user's mental health in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Magdalena Palacios-Jiménez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas, Unidad de Planeación e Innovación en Salud, Coordinación de Innovación en Salud, Área de Gestión de Proyectos en Salud. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Célida Duque-Molina
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alejandro Alarcón-López
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas, Unidad de Atención Médica, Coordinación de Unidades de Primer Nivel. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Fabiana Maribel Zepeda-Arias
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas, Unidad de Atención Médica, Coordinación Técnica de Enfermería. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Juan Diego Martínez-Franco
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas, Órgano de Operación Administrativa Desconcentrada CDMX Sur, Hospital General de Zona con Medicina Familiar No. 8. Ciudad de México, México
| | - Antonio Reyna-Sevilla
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Dirección de Prestaciones Médicas, Área de Proyectos Estratégicos. Ciudad de México, México
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Facanali CBG, Sobrado Junior CW, Fraguas Junior R, Facanali Junior MR, Boarini LR, Sobrado LF, Cecconello I. The relationship of major depressive disorder with Crohn's disease activity. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2023; 78:100188. [PMID: 36989545 PMCID: PMC10091387 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Crohn's disease (CD) has been related to an increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders and suicide risk (SR). However, the nature of their relationship still deserves clarification. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in patients with CD, and to investigate the relationship between MDD and CD outcomes. METHODS A cross-sectional study involving CD patients was performed. CD activity was evaluated by the Harvey-Bradshaw index and CD phenotype by the Montreal classification. The presence of MDD was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire score-9 (PHQ-9). Sociodemographic data and other characteristics were retrieved from electronic medical records. RESULTS 283 patients with CD were included. The prevalence of MDD was 41.7%. Females had a risk of MDD 5.3 times greater than males. CD disease duration was inversely correlated with MDD severity. Individuals with active CD were more likely to have MDD (OR = 796.0; 95% CI 133.7‒4738.8) than individuals with CD remission. MDD was more prevalent in inflammatory behavior (45.5%) and there were no statistical differences regarding the disease location. 19.8% of the sample scored positive for SR. CONCLUSION The present results support data showing an increased prevalence of MDD in individuals with CD. Additionally, it indicates that MDD in CD might be related to the activity of CD. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm these results and to address whether MDD leads to CD activity, CD activity leads to MDD or both ways are existent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Bortolozzo Graciolli Facanali
- Colorectal Surgery Division, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Walter Sobrado Junior
- Colorectal Surgery Division, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renério Fraguas Junior
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Divisão de Psiquiatria e Psicologia no Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Roberto Facanali Junior
- Colorectal Surgery Division, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Rodrigues Boarini
- Colorectal Surgery Division, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Faraco Sobrado
- Colorectal Surgery Division, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivan Cecconello
- Colorectal Surgery Division, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Huang WL, Chang SS, Wu SC, Liao SC. Population-based prevalence of somatic symptom disorder and comorbid depression and anxiety in Taiwan. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 79:103382. [PMID: 36493688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The nationwide prevalence of somatic symptom disorder (SSD) has not yet been investigated in Asia. SSD is often comorbid with depression and anxiety, and the effects of these conditions on medical utilization await clarification. We hence performed a study in Taiwan to explore these issues. METHODS Using telephone-based sampling and interview, we obtained data for 3161 participants whose age, gender and living area were compatible with the Taiwan population. We gathered scores of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), Health Anxiety Questionnaire (HAQ) and Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). Individuals with a PHQ-15 score of at least 4 and a HAQ score of at least 17 were considered to have SSD. Descriptive statistics were used to clarify the prevalence and normative data of the questionnaires. We used multiple logistic regression analyses to investigate the relation between diagnoses and medical utilization. RESULTS The prevalence of SSD was 5.00% and women had a higher SSD prevalence than men; participants aged 40-49 years had the highest SSD prevalence. In SSD patients, 33.58% had depression or anxiety. After correcting for demographics, SSD and anxiety (but not depression) were associated with a significantly high level of outpatient/emergency department attendance. Comorbid depression or anxiety did not significantly increase the medical utilization of SSD patients. CONCLUSION The nationwide SSD prevalence in Taiwan is compatible with the description in the DSM-5. The comorbidity of SSD and depression/anxiety is common, but depression or anxiety does not significantly increase the SSD patients' medical utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lieh Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Sen Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences and Global Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Chi Wu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Cheng Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Biomedical Park Hospital, Zhubei City, Hsinchu County, Taiwan.
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Benhaddouch Y, Khalfi S, Benmaamar S, Marzouki C, Fares NEH, Sbai M, Soussy K, Assenhaji B, Filali H, Aghlallou Y, Bout A, Aarab C, Aalouane R, Farhane F, Alami Z, Bouhafa T. Burnout among physicians and caregivers in oncology: the Moroccan experience. Ecancermedicalscience 2022; 16:1473. [PMID: 36819816 PMCID: PMC9934873 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2022.1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Caregivers in radiation oncology are exposed to a high risk of burnout which sometimes causes serious consequences for their health, which can in turn affect patient care. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of burnout and its psychological impact on health professionals and determined the factors that predispose to the risk of burnout. Methods and materials A cross-sectional survey was conducted with descriptive and analytical purposes among the different teams within the oncology and radiotherapy departments in different hospitals (CHU and regional hospitals) in Morocco, through an online self-questionnaire composed of sociodemographic data, professional data, working conditions, an assessment of interfering factors, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale. Results One hundred and eighteen caregivers participated in this evaluation. 62.7% were physicians, 75.4% worked in university hospitals and 53.4% were in radiotherapy departments. Analysis of the three dimensions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) score found high scores in the dimensions of emotional exhaustion (81.4%) and depersonalisation (79.7%), and low scores in decreased personal accomplishment (46.6%). The evaluation of the impacts of burnout in the latter found a mean of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) at 12.45 + 7.84 and the mean of the GAD-7 at 9.73 + 5.98. Conclusion Our results are in line with those found in the literature, hence the need for screening and active prevention of burnout among radiation oncology caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samia Khalfi
- Department of Radiotherapy and Brachytherapy, CHU Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | - Soumaya Benmaamar
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | - Chaymae Marzouki
- Department of Psychiatry-Addictology, CHU Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | | | - Mohamed Sbai
- Department of Psychiatry-Addictology, CHU Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | - Kaoutar Soussy
- Department of Radiotherapy and Brachytherapy, CHU Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | - Bouthaina Assenhaji
- Department of Radiotherapy and Brachytherapy, CHU Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | - Hajar Filali
- Department of Radiotherapy and Brachytherapy, CHU Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | | | - Amine Bout
- Department of Psychiatry-Addictology, CHU Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | - Chadia Aarab
- Department of Psychiatry-Addictology, CHU Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | - Rachid Aalouane
- Department of Psychiatry-Addictology, CHU Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | - Fatimazahra Farhane
- Department of Radiotherapy and Brachytherapy, CHU Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | - Zenab Alami
- Department of Radiotherapy and Brachytherapy, CHU Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco
| | - Touria Bouhafa
- Department of Radiotherapy and Brachytherapy, CHU Hassan II of Fez, Fez, Morocco
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Kim SH, Han MA. Depression and Related Factors in Korean Adults During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:965-972. [PMID: 36444160 PMCID: PMC9708867 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2022.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the status of depression and its related factors among adult Koreans during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. METHODS We used data from the 2020 Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS). We assessed depressive feelings and symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9 ≥10). In addition, we assessed general and COVID-19-related characteristics, including isolation due to and concerns about COVID-19. We analyzed the data using chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The rates of depressive feelings and symptoms were 5.9% and 2.9%, respectively. Of the adult respondents, 68.5% were concerned about COVID-19, while 75.9% were concerned about economic harm due to COVID-19. The adjusted odds ratios for depressive symptoms assessed using the PHQ-9 were significantly high among women responders, adults aged 19-44 years, low-income households, those who experienced COVID-19-related symptoms, and those concerned about death due to COVID-19 and economic harm due to COVID-19. Similar results were obtained for depressive feeling. CONCLUSION Concerns related to COVID-19 infection are related to depression. This suggests that COVID-19 significantly affects mental health. Therefore, during public health crises, such as new communicable diseases, mental health and the incidence of the infectious disease require assessment and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Hee Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ah Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Benhassine L, Won SY, Filmann N, Balaban Ü, Kamp MA, Marquardt G, Czabanka M, Senft CA, Seifert V, Dinc N. Long-term follow-up in patients with brain arteriovenous malformation based on the Quality of Life Scale and socioeconomic status. Neurosurg Rev 2022. [PMID: 36083567 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-022-01847-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) is associated with permanent neurological disability resulting in deterioration of the quality of life (QoL). Our study assesses QoL in patients with ruptured arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in long-term follow-up at least five years after ICH and compares their QoL with the QoL of patient with non-ruptured AVM. METHODS Using the Quality of Life Scale (QOLS), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depressive symptoms, and the socioeconomic status (SES), a prospective assessment was performed. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was assessed for outcome. RESULTS Of 73 patients, 42 (57.5%) had ruptured (group 1) and 31 (42.5%) a non-ruptured AVM (group 2). Mean follow-up time was 8.6 ± 3.9 years (8.5 ± 4.2 years in group 1 and 8.9 ± 3.7 years in group 2). Favourable outcome (mRS 0-1) was assessed in 60 (83.3%) and unfavourable in 12 (16.7%) patients. Thirty-one of 42 patients (73.8%) in group 1 and 29 of 30 patients in group 2 (96.7%) had favourable outcomes. Mean QOLS was 85.6 ± 14.1 (group 1 86.1 ± 15.9, group 2 84.9 ± 11.4). Patients in group 1 did not show a significant difference in QoL compared to patients in group 2 (p = 0.23). Additional analyses in group 2 (rho = - 0.73; p < 0.01) and in untreated AVM patients (rho = - 0.81; p < 0.01) showed a strong correlation between QOLS and PHQ-9. CONCLUSION Long-term follow-up showed no difference in the QoL between patients with and without ICH caused by brain AVM. Outcome- and QoL-scores were high in both groups. Further studies are necessary to evaluate depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with AVM.
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Chan LM, Ng SCJ. Prevalence and Correlates of Caregiver Anxiety in Family Caregivers of Patients With Advanced Cancer: a Cross-Sectional Study in a Palliative Care Unit in Hong Kong. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2022; 32:27-33. [PMID: 35732477 DOI: 10.12809/eaap2171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of caregiver anxiety and to identify correlates of caregiver anxiety in family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer in a palliative care unit in Hong Kong. METHODS Family caregivers of patients admitted to the palliative care ward for the first time between July 2019 and September 2019 were screened for recruitment. Caregiver demographics (age, sex, marital status, occupation, education level, housing condition, relationship with the patient, known diagnosis of anxiety or depression, and Charlson comorbidity index) were collected, as were caregiver understanding of patient's diagnosis and prognosis, perceived patient's distress, frequency of witnessing confusion or delirium of patients in past month, perceived adequacy of psychological support (other than general social support), and perceived anxiety towards patient's approaching death. Caregiver anxiety was assessed using the 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). Caregiver depression status was assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Caregiver psychological well-being was assessed using the 11-item Psychological Well-being Scale for Family Caregivers (PWS-C). Caregiver overall burden was assessed using the Chinese version of the 13-item Modified Caregiver Strain Index (C-M-CSI). RESULTS 70 caregivers (of 66 patients) were included, with a response rate of 98.6%. 16 (22.9%) caregivers had moderate to severe anxiety (GAD-7 score of ≥10). The GAD-7 score was higher in female caregivers than in male caregivers (mean rank: 39.26 vs 27.83, p = 0.026). 26 (37.1%) caregivers had depression (PHQ-9 score of ≥7). The GAD-7 score of caregivers was associated with the PHQ-9 score (rs = 0.834, p < 0.01), the four subscales of PWS-C: social support (rs = -0.308, p = 0.01), life meaning (rs = -3.30, p < 0.01), emotional distress (rs = 0.615, p < 0.01), and caregiver inadequacy (rs = 0.41, p < 0.01), and the C-M-CSI score for caregiver overall burden (rs = 0.332, p < 0.01). In multiple linear regression, predictors for GAD-7 score were the PHQ-9 score, caregiver's feeling of anxiety towards patient's approaching death, and caregiver sex. CONCLUSIONS 22.9% of family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer have moderate to severe anxiety. Anxiety of caregivers was associated with depression, caregiver's feeling of anxiety towards patient's approaching death, psychological support, and life meaning. All these are potentially amendable by interventions. A structured screening of anxiety in family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer should be considered as routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Chan
- Department of Medicine, Haven of Hope Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - S C J Ng
- Department of Medicine, Haven of Hope Hospital, Hong Kong
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Zanella C, Laures-Gore J, Dotson VM, Belagaje SR. Incidence of post-stroke depression symptoms and potential risk factors in adults with aphasia in a comprehensive stroke center. Top Stroke Rehabil 2022; 30:448-458. [PMID: 35543182 PMCID: PMC9649834 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2022.2070363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression may be a frequent sequela after stroke, however, its incidence has rarely been reported. The likelihood of post-stroke depression (PSD) may relate to individual factors including the presence of aphasia, which also complicates PSD diagnosis. The current study's purpose was to investigate the incidence of PSD symptoms in adults with aphasia, compare it to the incidence of PSD symptoms in adults without aphasia, and to identify potential risk factors for developing PSD in adults with aphasia. METHOD Incidence proportions and relative risk were calculated using data compiled from 970 patient records at an urban tertiary care academic institution and comprehensive stroke center throughout the year of 2019. Focusing exclusively on adults with aphasia, the selected variables of age, gender, race, and aphasia severity were used to conduct logistic regression analyses to explore potential risk factors contributing to the development of PSD. RESULTS Adults with aphasia were 7.408 times more likely to exhibit PSD symptoms than adults without aphasia. Logistic regression controlling for the presence of aphasia showed a significant relationship between aphasia severity and post-stroke depression symptoms. Adults with aphasia were 2.06 times more likely to experience post-stroke depression symptoms with every 1-point increase in aphasia severity. CONCLUSIONS These findings align with earlier evidence identifying aphasia as a risk factor for experiencing PSD symptoms and also suggest aphasia severity is proportionate to the risk. This highlights the need for early identification of PSD symptoms in persons with aphasia in order to provide timely interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacqueline Laures-Gore
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vonetta M Dotson
- Department of Psychology and Gerontology Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Samir R Belagaje
- Departments of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Zhang CXW, Okeke JC, Levitan RD, Murphy KE, Foshay K, Lye SJ, Knight JA, Matthews SG. Evaluating depression and anxiety throughout pregnancy and after birth: impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2022; 4:100605. [PMID: 35257937 PMCID: PMC8895717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic presents unique social, economic, and psychological challenges for individuals globally. Thus, women who are pregnant face unprecedented mental health challenges. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the impact of the pandemic on perinatal depression and anxiety in a longitudinal pregnancy cohort. We hypothesized increased depression and anxiety scores in women during pregnancy and after birth in the pandemic at all time points. STUDY DESIGN Participants were enrolled in the Ontario Birth Study, a pregnancy cohort embedded in clinical care at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada. Perinatal depression and anxiety were assessed using the 2-Item Patient Health Questionnaire and 2-Item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire in early pregnancy, whereas the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and 2-Item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire were used in late pregnancy and after birth. Logistic regression models were created to examine the association of the pandemic with clinically elevated mental health scores in the prepandemic group vs pandemic group while adjusting for covariates. RESULTS A total of 1159 survey responses from 649 participants between March 1, 2019, and February 28, 2021, were used to conduct this study. Participants were assessed in early pregnancy (n=416), in late pregnancy (n=373), and after birth (n=370). Responses received on or before February 29, 2020, were considered the “prepandemic” responses, whereas responses after the aforementioned date were considered the “pandemic” responses. Mean rank scores of depression and anxiety were significantly higher in the pandemic group (P=.02 and P=.003, respectively) in the postpartum period. There was no significant association between pandemic time and antenatal scores. However, postnatally, mothers were 2.6 times more likely to score ≥13 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale during the pandemic than before the pandemic (95% confidence interval, 1.2–5.7; P=.02). Adjustment for ethnicity and income strengthened this association as the odds ratio increased to 3.3 (95% confidence interval, 1.4–8.0; P=.007). CONCLUSION Pandemic-associated increases in depression and anxiety scores were confined to the postpartum period, highlighting a need for increased screening and interventions for perinatal mood and anxiety disorders postnatally as this pandemic continues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy X W Zhang
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Ms Zhang, Dr Murphy, Ms Foshay, and Drs Lye and Matthews).
| | - Justin C Okeke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System, New York City, NY (Mr Okeke and Drs Murphy, Lye, and Matthews)
| | - Robert D Levitan
- Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Levitan); Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Levitan)
| | - Kellie E Murphy
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Ms Zhang, Dr Murphy, Ms Foshay, and Drs Lye and Matthews); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System, New York City, NY (Mr Okeke and Drs Murphy, Lye, and Matthews)
| | - Kim Foshay
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Ms Zhang, Dr Murphy, Ms Foshay, and Drs Lye and Matthews)
| | - Stephen J Lye
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Ms Zhang, Dr Murphy, Ms Foshay, and Drs Lye and Matthews); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System, New York City, NY (Mr Okeke and Drs Murphy, Lye, and Matthews); Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Ontario, Canada (Drs Lye, Knight, and Matthews); and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia A Knight
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Ontario, Canada (Drs Lye, Knight, and Matthews); Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Knight)
| | - Stephen G Matthews
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Ms Zhang, Dr Murphy, Ms Foshay, and Drs Lye and Matthews); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sinai Health System, New York City, NY (Mr Okeke and Drs Murphy, Lye, and Matthews); Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Ontario, Canada (Drs Lye, Knight, and Matthews); and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Yona T, Weisman A, Gottlieb U, Masharawi Y. High Levels of Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms Among Physical Therapists and Physical Therapist Students Are Associated With Musculoskeletal Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study. Phys Ther 2022; 102:6492045. [PMID: 35023552 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depressive symptoms and musculoskeletal (MSK) pain are 2 of the most common health conditions. Their relationship, however, remains unclear. As depressive symptoms in physical therapists have not been well assessed, the purpose of this work was to assess self-reported depressive symptoms and MSK pain prevalence-and their possible association-in physical therapists and physical therapist students. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey was used to gather data from 707 physical therapists and 116 physical therapist students from Israel. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to assess depressive symptoms, and the Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of MSK pain. RESULTS Overall, 108 participants (13.1%) scored in the moderate to severe depressive symptoms category (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score >10), and 261 participants (31.7%) scored in the mild depressive symptoms category. In total, 84 physical therapists (11.9%) and 24 physical therapist students (20.7%) reported moderate to severe depressive symptoms during the last 2 weeks. Neck and back pain had the highest point prevalence (26.7%-35.3%) and lifetime prevalence (75.9%-78.5%), respectively. Mild depressive symptoms were associated with current pain (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.58) and smoking (adjusted OR = 1.79-1.84). Current pain was also associated with severe depressive symptoms (adjusted OR = 2.76-3.07). Physical therapists with higher salaries were less likely to report severe depressive symptoms (adjusted OR = 0.11-0.36). CONCLUSION The prevalence estimates generated from this study sample imply that 11.9% of physical therapists and 20.7% of physical therapist students in Israel experienced moderate to severe depressive symptoms. Neck and back pain had the highest point and lifetime prevalence. IMPACT The prevalence of self-reported depressive symptoms in this sample places physical therapists and physical therapist students alongside physicians, nurses, and medical profession students who have been previously reported to have elevated depressive symptoms. Future studies should further explore the nature of the association between pain and depressive symptoms in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Yona
- The Israeli Physiotherapy Society, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Asaf Weisman
- Spinal Research Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Uri Gottlieb
- Neuromuscular and Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Physiotherapy, Ariel University, Israel
| | - Youssef Masharawi
- Spinal Research Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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Wu KK, Lee D, Sze AM, Ng VN, Cho VW, Cheng JP, Wong MM, Cheung SF, Tsang OT. Posttraumatic Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in COVID-19 Survivors. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2022; 32:5-10. [PMID: 35332104 DOI: 10.12809/eaap2176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to examine the rates of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after hospital discharge among COVID-19 survivors and to determine the associated risk factors. METHODS Adult COVID-19 survivors discharged from hospitals between March 2020 and March 2021 were asked to complete a questionnaire at 4 weeks after discharge. The Chinese version of the 22-item Impact of Event Scale - Revised (IES-R) was used to measure symptoms of PTSD. The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess symptoms of major depressive disorder. The 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) was used to measure symptoms of generalised anxiety disorder. The rates of anxiety, depression, and PTSD among discharged patients were determined, as were associations between psychosocial factors and outcome measures and predictors for moderate-tosevere symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD. RESULTS 96 men and 103 women aged 18 to 81 years returned the completed questionnaire. 12.1% to 20.1% of them reported symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, or depression. Higher symptom severity was associated with higher perceived life threat, lower emotional support, lower disease severity upon admission, and longer hospital stay. Women had more PTSD symptoms than men, particularly when knowing someone under quarantine. CONCLUSION COVID-19 survivors with higher perceived life threat, lower emotional support, lower disease severity upon admission, and longer hospital stay were associated with higher severity of symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, and depression. Timely intervention should provide to at-risk survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Wu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - D Lee
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - A M Sze
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - V N Ng
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - V W Cho
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong
| | - J P Cheng
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - M M Wong
- Department of Medical & Geriatrics/ Intense Care Unit, Caritas Medical Centre, Hong Kong
| | - S F Cheung
- Department of Medicine, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - O T Tsang
- Hospital Authority Infectious Disease Centre, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong
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Hernández-Vásquez A, Vargas-Fernández R, Rojas-Roque C, Gamboa-Unsihuay JE. Association between altitude and depression in Peru: An 8-year pooled analysis of population-based surveys. J Affect Disord 2022; 299:536-544. [PMID: 34942223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In high altitude regions, people experience biological, inflammatory and brain structure changes that increase the risk of depressive symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the association between altitude and depressive symptoms in the Peruvian population, adjusting by demographic, socioeconomic and exposure to health risk factors. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analytical study of data collected annually by the Demographic and Family Health Survey during the period 2013-2020. The presence of depressive symptoms during the last 14 days prior to the survey were measured using scores obtained from the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). A generalized linear model (GLM) of gamma family and log link function was used to report the crude and adjusted β coefficients. A quantile regression model was performed as a sensitivity analysis. RESULTS Data from a total of 215,409 participants were included. After adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic and health risk exposures, the GLM showed that an increase in every 100 m of altitude of residence was positively and significantly associated with the depressive symptoms score (β=0•01 [95% confidence interval: 0•01-0•01]). LIMITATIONS The length of residence in high altitude areas of the population included cannot be established, requiring future research to determine if the results of the present study are similar in native people or permanent residents of high altitude regions. CONCLUSIONS Altitude was positively associated with depressive symptom scores. Our results will allow the development of mental health interventions based on factors that increase the likelihood of depressive symptoms in high-altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Hernández-Vásquez
- Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru.
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Kaggwa MM, Najjuka SM, Ashaba S, Mamun MA. Psychometrics of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in Uganda: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:781095. [PMID: 35340898 PMCID: PMC8948461 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.781095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is screened by many psychological tools, whereas the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is one of the most commonly used self-administered tools. Uganda is a culturally diverse country with a wide variety of tribes, ethnic groups, languages, and disease conditions; it is urgent to know the psychometrics of the used PHQ-9 across different cohorts. However, there is no prior review to assess its reliability in this culturally diverse country, where this review fulfills the knowledge gap. METHODS Adhering to the PRISMA guideline, a systematic search was performed in several databases (i.e., PubMed, Africa-Wide Information, AJOL, and PsycINFO, among others), and a total of 51 articles were included in this review, confirming the study inclusion criteria (e.g., using the PHQ-9). RESULTS The PHQ-9 has been used among individuals above 10 years and both genders, and the tool has been used most among the HIV patient group (n = 28). The tool is frequently administered by interviews and has been translated into several languages (mostly Luganda, n = 31). A cutoff of 10 was commonly used to identify clinical or major depression (n = 23), and its prevalence ranged from 8 to 67%. It has been validated for use in two populations, (i) HIV-positive participants and (ii) the general population attending a health facility. The sensitivity and specificity were 92 and 89%, respectively, at a cutoff score of 10, whereas 67 and 78%, respectively, at a cutoff score of 5. The Cronbach alpha ranged between 0.68 and 0.94. CONCLUSION The PHQ-9 has been used in several studies in Uganda but validated in only two populations and is commonly used in one language. Thus, validation of the tool in various populations and languages is warranted to improve the tool's acceptance in Uganda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Mohan Kaggwa
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.,African Centre for Suicide Prevention and Research, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Sarah Maria Najjuka
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Scholastic Ashaba
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Mohammed A Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Lim SL, Tay VY, Bhullar A, Baharuddin H, Ch'ng SS, Yusoof HM, Zain MM, Rosman A. A Questionnaire-based Survey on Depression and Anxiety among Rheumatology Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Patient's Perspective. Oman Med J 2021; 36:e305. [PMID: 34733551 PMCID: PMC8529384 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2022.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is a global pandemic and has caught the attention of the rheumatology fraternity, where patients are thought to be at higher risk of infection. We aimed to study the incidence of COVID-19 infection and depression and anxiety symptoms among patients with rheumatic disease (RD) in Hospital Selayang, Malaysia, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted via phone interview using a structured questionnaire in patients with RD aged > 18 years old scheduled for clinic appointments from 4 to 28 May 2020, which coincided with the second wave of COVID-19 cases in Malaysia. The questionnaire included demographics, COVID-19 screening questions, depression and anxiety symptoms screening using questions derived from the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2). Results Among the 361 patients enrolled, the majority were females (83.1%), and over half (54.3%) were ethnic Malays, 41.6% had rheumatoid arthritis, 34.6% had systemic lupus erythematosus, 12.2% had spondyloarthropathy, and only one (0.3%) patient had COVID-19 infection. The mean age of patients was 48.2 years (range: 16–80 years). The frequency of patients with depression and anxiety symptoms was 8.6% and 6.9%, respectively. Married patients reported feeling more anxious (p =0.013), while patients with tertiary education levels reported feeling more depressed (p =0.012). Conclusions The incidence of COVID-19 infection is low, probably due to the low rate of testing. Depression and anxiety symptoms reported by patients in our cohort were modest. Our findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has a greater impact on married patients with RD and those with a higher education level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiau Li Lim
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
| | - Voon Yaa Tay
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
| | - Avreena Bhullar
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
| | - Hazlyna Baharuddin
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Ministry of Health, Malaysia.,Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
| | - Shereen Suyin Ch'ng
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
| | - Habibah Mohd Yusoof
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
| | - Mollyza Mohd Zain
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
| | - Azmillah Rosman
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hospital Selayang, Ministry of Health, Malaysia
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Yang TT, Lan CCE. Impacts of skin disorders associated with facial discoloration on quality of life: Novel insights explaining discordance between life quality scores and willingness to pay. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:3053-3058. [PMID: 34706154 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND How diseases associated with skin discoloration affect the quality of life (QoL) has rarely been examined. In this study, we directly compared the QoL and willingness to pay (WTP) among patients with skin disorders associated with facial discoloration. METHODS A single-center, cross-sectional study consisting of patients seeking treatment for facial discoloration was performed. All patients completed the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) and the short form 36 (SF-36) health survey questionnaires. Additionally, information regarding monthly income and the WTP for a complete cure of the affected condition was obtained. RESULTS Patients with melasma (58), lentigo (56), postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (5), vitiligo (51), acne-induced erythema (10), and rosacea (31) were enrolled. Vitiligo, acne-induced erythema, and rosacea patients reported significantly worse QoL compared to lentigines or melasma patients as evaluated by DLQI. Using SF-36, rosacea patients were affected mentally the most as they reported the worst mental component scores, and the scores were significantly worse than that of melasma patients (rosacea vs. melisma = 46.5 vs. 52.7, p = 0.007). Vitiligo patients had the worst general health scores. Although there were no differences in the WTP among different diseases, the vitiligo group had the highest percentage of patients willing to pay more than 40% of their monthly income for a complete cure. CONCLUSIONS The impact on QoL is different among skin diseases associated with facial discoloration. Only vitiligo patients reported worse general health as compared to the general population, explaining the discordance between life quality scores and WTP in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Che E Lan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Krückl JS, Moeller J, Gaupp R, Meier CE, Roth CB, Lang UE, Huber CG. Implementing Home Office Work at a Large Psychiatric University Hospital in Switzerland During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Field Report. JMIR Ment Health 2021; 8:e28849. [PMID: 34115606 PMCID: PMC8412137 DOI: 10.2196/28849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, psychiatric hospitals all over the world had to adapt their services to the prevailing governmental regulations. As a consequence, home office use and telepsychiatry boomed. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of home office use, its adoption, and the association of home office use with employees' mental health in a large psychiatric university hospital in Switzerland. METHODS We obtained and analyzed home office implementation and use data from the psychiatric university hospital's information technology services. We also conducted a cross-sectional web-based survey to assess the employees' attitudes toward the clinic's crisis management during the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020. Part of this web-based survey consisted of questions about home office use between March and June 2020, attitudes toward home office implementation, and mental health. Three mental health measures assessed depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ]-2), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder [GAD]-2), and stress factors (stress module of the PHQ-D); a cut-off score ≥3 was used for the PHQ-2 and GAD-2. RESULTS Of the 200 participating employees, 69 reported that they had worked from home at least partially (34.5%). Home office use differed significantly across professional groups (χ162=72.72, P≤.001, n=200). Employees experienced neither depressive symptoms (mean 0.76, SD 1.14) nor anxiety (mean 0.70, SD 1.03). The employees reported minor psychosocial stressors (mean 2.83, SD 2.92). The number of reported stress factors varied significantly across groups with different levels of home office use (χ42=9.72, P=.04). CONCLUSIONS In general, home office implementation appears to be feasible for large psychiatric hospitals, however, it is not equally feasible for all professional groups. Professional groups that require personal contact with patients and technical or manual tasks must work onsite. Further evaluation of home office use in psychiatric hospitals up to the development of clinics that function merely online will follow in future research. The situation created by the COVID-19 pandemic served as a stepping stone to promote home office use and should be used to improve employees' work-life balance, to save employers costs and foster other benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Sophia Krückl
- University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julian Moeller
- University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Gaupp
- University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph E Meier
- University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carl Bénédict Roth
- University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Undine Emmi Lang
- University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian G Huber
- University Psychiatric Clinics Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Shahini N, Ghasemzadeh M, Javan M, Salimi Z. Evaluation of the COVID-19 pandemic effect on the development of somatic symptoms in patients with mood disorders: a case-control study. New Microbes New Infect 2021; 43:100917. [PMID: 34603735 PMCID: PMC8463032 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2021.100917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic symptoms are one of the most common complaints among patients with psychiatric disorders and are considered as one of the most common psychiatric disorders in the new coronavirus pandemic. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical symptoms in patients with mood disorders and compare it with healthy individuals. In this case-control study, 67 patients with mood disorders were referred to the psychiatric clinic of 5 Azar Hospital in Gorgan, who met the inclusion criteria, and 68 healthy individuals as control group were entered into the study. For all participants after informed consent, a demographic information questionnaire was completed along with Screening for Somatic Symptoms-7 (SOMS7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), and the data were analysed by SPSS software version 25. The mean score obtained for the SOMS-7 questionnaire for the group of patients with mood disorders and the control group was 32.37 ± 8.19 and 35.42 ± 11.3, respectively. The mean obtained for the PHQ-15 questionnaire for the mood disorders group and the control group was 8.56 ± 5.93 and 5.86 ± 4.63, respectively. In the mood disorder group, 26.9% of patients had no risk for physical symptoms, 31.3% of patients had a low risk, 25.4% of patients had a moderate risk, and 16.4% of patients had a high risk for physical symptoms. The statistical test showed that although the risk of physical symptoms was high in both groups, this rate was higher in the group with mood disorders, and there is a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The results also showed a significant and direct relationship between the two questionnaires (P < 0.05). According to the results, although the prevalence of somatic symptoms increased in both groups, the prevalence of somatic symptoms is significantly higher in the mood disorder group.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Shahini
- Golestan Research Center of Psychiatry (GRCP), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, GorganIran
| | | | - M. Javan
- Golestan Research Center of Psychiatry (GRCP), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, GorganIran
| | - Z. Salimi
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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MacDonald BV, Wong SJ, Maxwell B, Carter C, Sanderson K, Carvalho D. Depression in the Pediatric Otolaryngology Clinic Setting. Laryngoscope 2021; 132:1104-1111. [PMID: 34464458 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS For most pediatric specialty clinics, mental health is not the primary presenting complaint, yet can portend unrecognized morbidity. We describe rates and risk factors of depression and suicidal ideation in adolescents seen at a pediatric specialty clinic and examine changes during COVID-19. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective database review. METHODS Outpatient pediatric otolaryngology clinic encounters of patients aged 12-19 years at a tertiary academic medical center were identified from October 2018 to July 2020. Demographic characteristics, ICD-10 primary diagnosis, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-2 score, and PHQ-9 score (if administered) were obtained. Multivariable regression examined risk factors for PHQ-9 administration, PHQ-9 scores ≥10, and suicidal ideation. Patient characteristics and PHQ scores were compared before and after March 23, 2020 (California COVID-19 Stay-at-Home order). RESULTS Three thousand six hundred nine encounters with PHQ-2 data were identified. Of these, 223 (6.2%) scored ≥3 and underwent PHQ-9 assessment, of which 121 (3.4% of 3,609) scored ≥10 on the PHQ-9 and 53 (1.5%) endorsed suicidal ideation. Factors associated with PHQ-9 administration were female gender (odds ratio [OR] 1.58, P = .001), obesity (OR 1.48, P = .043), and neck mass/neoplasm/cancer diagnosis (OR 1.99, P = .013). Female gender was also associated with suicidality (OR 2.47, P = .008). Comparison of pre-COVID-19 versus during COVID-19 showed no differences in depression or suicidality. However, subgroup analysis revealed some significant findings. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate substantial prevalence of positive depression screening and suicidal ideation among adolescent pediatric otolaryngology clinic encounters. Depression rates were similar to pre-COVID-19 and during COVID-19, yet barriers to screening during this time were substantial. Pediatric specialty providers must remain vigilant for mental health issues in their patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Laryngoscope, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget V MacDonald
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, U.S.A
| | - Stephanie J Wong
- Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, California, U.S.A
| | - Benjamin Maxwell
- Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, California, U.S.A.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, U.S.A
| | - Chelsea Carter
- Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, California, U.S.A
| | | | - Daniela Carvalho
- Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, California, U.S.A.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, U.S.A
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Kim S, Lee HK, Lee K. Screening of Mood Symptoms Using MMPI-2-RF Scales: An Application of Machine Learning Techniques. J Pers Med 2021; 11:812. [PMID: 34442456 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11080812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The MMPI-2-RF is the most widely used and most researched test among the tools for assessing psychopathology, and previous studies have established its validity. Mood disorders are the most common mental disorders worldwide; they present difficulties in early detection, go undiagnosed in many cases, and have a poor prognosis. (2) Methods: We analyzed a total of 8645 participants. We used the PHQ-9 to evaluate depressive symptoms and the MDQ to evaluate hypomanic symptoms. We used the 10 MMPI-2 Restructured Form scales and 23 Specific Problems scales for the MMPI-2-RF as predictors. We performed machine learning analysis using the k-nearest neighbor classification, linear discriminant analysis, and random forest classification. (3) Results: Through the machine learning technique, depressive symptoms were predicted with an AUC of 0.634-0.767, and the corresponding value range for hypomanic symptoms was 0.770-0.840. When using RCd to predict depressive symptoms, the AUC was 0.807, but this value was 0.840 when using linear discriminant classification. When predicting hypomanic symptoms with RC9, the AUC was 0.704, but this value was 0.767 when using the linear discriminant method. (4) Conclusions: Using machine learning analysis, we defined that participants' mood symptoms could be classified and predicted better than when using the Restructured Clinical scales.
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Joseph SJ, Bhandari SS, Dutta S, Khatri D, Upadhyay A. Assessing burden and its determinants in caregivers of chronic kidney disease patients undergoing haemodialysis. Open J Psychiatry Allied Sci 2021; 12:96-100. [PMID: 35496347 PMCID: PMC9049166 DOI: 10.5958/2394-2061.2021.00017.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers face a lot of adversities while supporting their near ones undergoing haemodialysis, and their burden is often ignored by health professionals. The paucity of research in the Indian context has kept their needs out of sight. AIM To explore the level of burden in the caregivers of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing haemodialysis and to assess whether patient related variable affects the burden. METHODS Fifty-one patients and their caregivers from two dialysis units in Sikkim, India, were assessed cross-sectionally. The Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale (ZCBS) was administered to measure the caregiver burden. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Charlson's Comorbidity Index (CCI) assessed the patient's depression and medical comorbidities, respectively. Descriptive analysis was done for the sociodemographic and clinical variables. Chi-square test was used to find the association between the categorical data. Kruskal-Wallis tested the association between categorical and quantitative variables. RESULTS Mean age of patient was 46.13 (±13.15) years and that of the caregiver was 44.78 (±12.14) years. 68.6% of caregivers had mild to severe levels of caregiver burden. Caregivers who were unemployed and educated till secondary school were more likely to report caregiver burden. Female gender, older caregivers, and caregivers attending patients with a longer history of haemodialysis reported a more severe burden. CONCLUSION The level of burden in caregivers of CKD patients is significant and is affected by various factors, which, in turn, also affects patient's wellbeing. Further research in this area is needed in our country for better management of patients and policymaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijo John Joseph
- Department of Psychiatry, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Samrat Singh Bhandari
- Department of Psychiatry, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Sanjiba Dutta
- Department of Psychiatry, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Dheeraj Khatri
- Department of Medicine, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Apoorva Upadhyay
- Department of Psychiatry, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Mehra A, Agarwal A, Bashar M, Grover S. Evaluation of Psychometric Properties of Hindi Versions of Geriatric Depression Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire in Older Adults. Indian J Psychol Med 2021; 43:319-324. [PMID: 34385725 PMCID: PMC8327872 DOI: 10.1177/02537176211022159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A limited number of studies have evaluated the psychometric properties of rating scales used to assess depression in the older adults. The present study aimed to assess the validity of the Hindi Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS, 30, 15, 10, 5, 4, and 1 item version) and Hindi Patient Health Questionnaire (nine and two items version) in a group of older adults residing in a rural community. METHODS The psychometric properties of these scales were assessed against the diagnosis of depression a qualified psychiatrist made by using a semistructured interview. RESULTS Total 125 older adults were recruited from a rural community, with a mean age of 65.5 (SD: 6.4) years. The prevalence of depression was 36.8% as per the evaluation by the psychiatrist. When the agreement of different scales with the clinicians' diagnosis was evaluated, it was seen that sensitivity, specificity, and Cohen Kappa value of GDS-30 and 15 were better than the other scales used to assess depression. When the sensitivity and specificity were evaluated using newer cutoffs, the specificity and sensitivity of GDS-30 were more than that of other scales. CONCLUSION Hindi version of GDS-30 with a cutoff of 13 has excellent psychometric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseem Mehra
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arun Agarwal
- Dept. of Community Medicine, Postgraduate institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mohammad Bashar
- Dept. of Community Medicine, Postgraduate institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sandeep Grover
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Kim NH, Lee YH, Kim M. Community-Dwelling Individuals with Coronary Artery Disease Have Higher Risk of Depression than the General Population in Female, But Not in Male. Korean Circ J 2021; 51:752-763. [PMID: 34227268 PMCID: PMC8424454 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2021.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have been conducted to evaluate the sex difference in the risk of depression in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), compared with those without CAD in a community-dwelling population. Females with CAD had a 2.68-fold higher risk for depression than females without CAD, while no significant association between CAD diagnosis and depression was observed in males. The contribution of sex should be more intensively considered in the association between CAD status and depression, not only in clinical settings but also in community settings. Background and Objectives The aim of this study was to assess sex difference in the association between coronary artery disease (CAD) status and depression in a representative nationwide Korean population. Methods In total, 4,620 male and 6,151 female aged ≥40 years, who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2014, 2016, and 2018, were included in the analysis. Depression was defined as ≥10 points on the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Results Among male participants, no significant association between CAD status and depression was observed. However, female with CAD had higher odds ratio (OR) for depression (OR, 2.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78–4.03) compared with those without CAD in a multiple logistic regression analysis after adjustment for covariates. Younger age at diagnosis of CAD was a significant relating factor for depression in female; OR (95% CI) was 1.73 (0.88–3.40), 3.01 (1.52–5.97), and 4.11 (2.04–8.28) for age ≥65 years, 55–64 years, and ≤54 years, respectively, compared with that in non-CAD controls. In addition, shorter duration of CAD was a significant relating factor for depression in female; OR (95% CI) was 2.42 (1.26–4.67), 2.61 (1.32–5.16), and 3.13 (1.54–6.34) for duration ≥10 years, 5-9 years, and ≤4 years, respectively, compared with that in non-CAD controls. Conclusions Consistent screening and psychosocial supports for depression after discharge are required to improve the mental health care of CAD survivors in the community, especially for female diagnosed at a younger age and recently diagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Ho Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.,Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
| | - Young Hoon Lee
- Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Mina Kim
- Department of Nursing, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
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Chuinsiri N, Jitprasertwong P. Prevalence of self-reported pain-related temporomandibular disorders and association with psychological distress in a dental clinic setting. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520951744. [PMID: 32883120 PMCID: PMC7479867 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520951744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the prevalence of self-reported pain-related temporomandibular
disorders (TMDs) and its association with psychological status in a dental
clinic setting. Methods In this cross-sectional study, patients were asked to complete a TMD pain
screener and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). Correlations
between symptoms of pain-related TMDs and PHQ-4 scores were analysed using
Spearman’s correlation test. Symptoms of pain-related TMDs were compared
between four groups of participants with different psychological profiles
using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by multiple comparisons. The level of
significance was adjusted using the Dunn–Bonferroni test. Results The prevalence of self-reported pain-related TMDs was 22.2%. TMD pain score
was positively correlated with PHQ-4 score. The high anxiety and the
comorbidity groups had significantly higher TMD pain scores than the
controls. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of self-reported pain-related TMDs, which was
correlated with scores on all psychological assessment scales. Symptoms of
pain-related TMDs were significantly greater in patients with high anxiety
scores, regardless of depression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nontawat Chuinsiri
- School of Geriatric Oral Health, Institute of Dentistry, 65162Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Paiboon Jitprasertwong
- School of Geriatric Oral Health, Institute of Dentistry, 65162Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
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De Man J, Absetz P, Sathish T, Desloge A, Haregu T, Oldenburg B, Johnson LCM, Thankappan KR, Williams ED. Are the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 Suitable for Use in India? A Psychometric Analysis. Front Psychol 2021; 12:676398. [PMID: 34054677 PMCID: PMC8155718 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.676398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-cultural evidence on the factorial structure and invariance of the PHQ-9 and the GAD-7 is lacking for South Asia. Recommendations on the use of unit-weighted scores of these scales (the sum of items' scores) are not well-founded. This study aims to address these contextual and methodological gaps using data from a rural Indian population. METHODS The study surveyed 1,209 participants of the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program aged 30-60 years (n at risk of diabetes = 1,007 and n with diabetes = 202). 1,007 participants were surveyed over 2 years using the PHQ-9 and the GAD-7. Bifactor-(S - 1) modeling and multigroup confirmatory factor analysis were used. RESULTS Factor analysis supported the existence of a somatic and cognitive/affective subcomponent for both scales, but less explicitly for the GAD-7. Hierarchical omega values were 0.72 for the PHQ-9 and 0.76 for the GAD-7. Both scales showed full scalar invariance and full or partial residual invariance across age, gender, education, status of diabetes and over time. Effect sizes between categories measured by unit-weighted scores versus latent means followed a similar trend but were systematically higher for the latent means. For both disorders, female gender and lower education were associated with higher symptom severity scores, which corresponds with regional and global trends. CONCLUSIONS For both scales, psychometric properties were comparable to studies in western settings. Distinct clinical profiles (somatic-cognitive) were supported for depression, and to a lesser extent for anxiety. Unit-weighted scores of the full scales should be used with caution, while scoring subscales is not recommended. The stability of these scales supports their use and allows for meaningful comparison across tested subgroups. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12611000262909http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=336603&isReview=true.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen De Man
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pilvikki Absetz
- Collaborative Care Systems Finland, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Allissa Desloge
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tilahun Haregu
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Brian Oldenburg
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Leslie C. M. Johnson
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Emily D. Williams
- School of Health Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
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Phillips S, Culpepper J, Welch M, O'Hare KJ, Chen W, Taylor Y, Anderson W, Tapp H. A Multidisciplinary Diabetes Clinic Improves Clinical and Behavioral Outcomes in a Primary Care Setting. J Am Board Fam Med 2021; 34:579-89. [PMID: 34088818 DOI: 10.3122/jabfm.2021.03.200307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The percentage of adults achieving hemoglobin A1c goals less than 7% remains a challenge. The study objective was to evaluate effects of a multidisciplinary approach on behavioral outcomes and mean change in A1c in immediate start (intervention) versus 6-month delay (control) groups at 6 months. The study assessed 111 patients recruited from a safety-net primary care clinic with a pharmacist-led multidisciplinary team and found that the intervention improved mean A1c outcomes for patients with type 2 diabetes. A1c values were measured every 3 months, and a self-efficacy scale to measure behaviors was evaluated at baseline and 6 months. After 6 months from baseline, the intervention group showed an A1c decrease of 2.4 compared with the control group's 1.1 decrease. Mean increase in self-efficacy score in the intervention group at baseline versus after 6 months showed a statistically significant change (P = .01) compared with the control group (P = .26). Results revealed a post hoc association between A1c and PHQ-9 such that patients with higher baseline PHQ-9 scores experienced greater mean decrease in A1c. In the immediate start arm, mean A1c values decreased from 10.6 at baseline to 7.7 at month 12. For the delayed intervention group, mean A1c values decreased from 10.2 at baseline to 9.0 after 6 months.
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Veisy F, Farahani H, Togha M, Gharaee B, Janani L, Aghebati A. Rapid screening for generalized anxiety disorder in patients with migraine. Curr J Neurol 2021; 20:102-110. [PMID: 38011478 PMCID: PMC8743176 DOI: 10.18502/cjn.v20i2.6746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) often remains undiagnosed in patients with migraine, while comorbidity of GAD with migraine is associated with increased dysfunction and risk of chronic migraine. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 7-item (GAD-7) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 2-item (GAD-2) are the commonly employed screening measures for generalized anxiety symptoms in different patient groups. The present study aimed to evaluate psychometric properties of the Persian version of GAD-7 and GAD-2 in migraine. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients were diagnosed with migraine headaches according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3); then they participated in the psychiatric diagnostic interview, and filled out GAD-7, GAD-2, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6), and Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire version 2.1 (MSQv2.1). The psychometric properties of GAD-7 and GAD-2 were examined using SPSS and LISREL. Results: Final samples were 186 patients with migraine that 83 patients received a diagnosis of GAD. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that the one-factor model of GAD-7 fit the data well. Internal consistency, test-retest, and Guttman split-half reliability of GAD-7 and GAD-2 were good. Significant correlation results, average variance extracted (AVE), and composite reliability (CR) supported the construct validity of the GAD-7. A score of ≥ 10 in GAD-7 and ≥ 3 in GAD-2 achieved satisfactory sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) (GAD-7: 92%, 90%, 88%, and 93%, respectively; GAD-2: 79%, 88%, 71%, and 91%, respectively). Conclusion: Our findings supported GAD-7 and GAD-2 for assessing GAD in patients with migraine. It seems that GAD-7 and GAD-2 accurately diagnosed GAD in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Veisy
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjatollah Farahani
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Togha
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Banafsheh Gharaee
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Janani
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Aghebati
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Stocker R, Tran T, Hammarberg K, Nguyen H, Rowe H, Fisher J. Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) data contributed by 13,829 respondents to a national survey about COVID-19 restrictions in Australia. Psychiatry Res 2021; 298:113792. [PMID: 33592399 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
While the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) are frequently used in mental health research, few studies have reported comprehensive data on these measures from population or community samples. The PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were used as indicators of symptoms of depression and anxiety in a national online anonymous survey to assess the mental health of adults in Australia during the COVID-19 restrictions. The aim of this study was to describe gender- and age-specific PHQ-9 and GAD-7 item and summary data contributed by those who completed this survey. Data were analysed descriptively. Complete survey responses were contributed by 13,829 people. For both measures, item-by-item results, summary statistics (mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, median and interquartile range) and prevalence of severity categories are reported for the whole sample, and disaggregated by gender and age groups. These comprehensive data provide a useful point of comparison for future COVID-19-related or other research among population or community samples. Other researchers are encouraged to report detailed PHQ-9 and GAD-7 data in the future, to enable and promote relevant between-group comparisons.
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Kauffman K, Horvat Davey C, Dolata J, Figueroa M, Gunzler D, Huml A, Pencak J, Sajatovic M, Sehgal AR. Changes in Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms Among Adults in the United States From 2005 to 2016. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2021; 27:148-155. [PMID: 32052677 PMCID: PMC7423721 DOI: 10.1177/1078390320906194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study examined interview data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2016. AIM: To determine national trends in self-reported depressive symptoms. METHOD: Depressive symptoms were assessed using self-reported data on the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), with a total score ≥10 and an individual item score of 2 or 3, indicating greater severity. RESULTS: A total of 31,191 individuals contributed PHQ-9 data from 2005 to 2016. The absolute proportion of individuals with total PHQ-9 score ≥10 increased from 6.2% to 8.1%. After adjustment for participant demographic characteristics and comorbid conditions, the odds ratio for high PHQ-9 score at the end versus the beginning of the study interval was 1.27 (95% confidence interval [CI: 1.07, 1.50]). Anhedonia, guilt/worthlessness, appetite, and hypoactivity/hyperactivity had the largest increases in individual item risk after adjusting for demographic and comorbid characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: There were sizeable increases in the prevalence of self-reported depressive symptoms in the United States over an 11-year period. Further work is needed to understand the reasons for and implications of this increase. However, the results suggest greater efforts should be made by health care providers to screen for depressive symptoms that may warrant further assessment, treatment, or referral to mental health services as needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Kauffman
- Kelley Kauffman, MSN, APRN-CNP, PMHNP-BC, Center for Reducing Health Disparities, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Christine Horvat Davey
- Christine Horvat Davey, PhD, BSPS, RN, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jacqueline Dolata
- Jacqueline Dolata, MBA, Center for Reducing Health Disparities, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Maria Figueroa
- Maria Figueroa, Center for Reducing Health Disparities, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Douglas Gunzler
- Douglas Gunzler, PhD, Center for Health Care Research & Policy, The MetroHealth System, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Anne Huml
- Anne Huml, MD, Center for Reducing Health Disparities, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Julie Pencak
- Julie Pencak, Center for Reducing Health Disparities, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Martha Sajatovic
- Martha Sajatovic, MD, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashwini R Sehgal
- Ashwini R. Sehgal, MD, Center for Reducing Health Disparities, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Al-Amer R, Maneze D, Ramjan L, Villarosa AR, Darwish R, Salamonson Y. Psychometric testing of the Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire among adolescent refugees living in Jordan. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2020; 29:685-692. [PMID: 32039547 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Refugee youth living in Arab countries have disproportionately higher rates of depression due to the effects of displacement and trauma which makes screening a priority for early intervention. The Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A) is a reliable and valid scale to assess mental health issues, but its psychometric properties in Arabic refugee populations are unknown. This was a cross-sectional study conducted between March and Mid-April 2018, among Arabic refugee adolescents aged 13-18 years living in the Baqa'a United Nations Relief and Works Agency refugee camp in Jordan, to generate an Arabic-language version of the questionnaire and to test its psychometric properties among adolescent refugees. Five hundred and ninety-one adolescents completed the PHQ-A in Arabic. Using SPSS and AMOS version 25, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was computed to assess construct validity and instrument reliability. Multivariate logistic regression analyses assessed the discriminant validity of the PHQ-A. Although exploratory factor analysis identified the nine items from the original version and explained only 37% of the variance, confirmatory factor analysis supported the one-factor structure of the PHQ-A. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the scale was 0.82 and ranged from 0.79 to 0.81 for each item. The Arabic translated version of the Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents showed acceptable psychometric properties for use as a screening tool for depression in Arabic adolescent refugees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmieh Al-Amer
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isra University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Della Maneze
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.,South Western Sydney Local Health District (SWSLHD), Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia.,Research Translation (COHORT) Research Group, Centre for Oral Health Outcomes, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lucie Ramjan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.,Research Translation (COHORT) Research Group, Centre for Oral Health Outcomes, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amy R Villarosa
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.,Research Translation (COHORT) Research Group, Centre for Oral Health Outcomes, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Yenna Salamonson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.,Research Translation (COHORT) Research Group, Centre for Oral Health Outcomes, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
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