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Dukhanina EA, Portseva TN, Dukhanin AS, Georgieva SG. Triple-negative and triple-positive breast cancer cells reciprocally control their growth and migration via the S100A4 pathway. Cell Adh Migr 2022; 16:65-71. [PMID: 35546077 PMCID: PMC9116394 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2022.2072554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The study's aim was to investigate the S100A4-mediated mechanisms of the regulation of tumor cell proliferation and migration in the human triple-positive breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 (TPBC) and triple-negative breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231 (TNBC). The proliferative activity of TNBC more than doubled during the incubation in the conditioned medium of TPBC. Extracellular S100A4 dose-dependently decreased the proliferative response of TPBC. TPBC negatively impacted the growth of TNBCs during their co-culturing. TPBC significantly decreased the migration activity of the TNBC cells while the S100A4 intracellular level in the TNBC was also decreasing. The decrease in the S100A4 intracellular level occurred due to the protein's monomeric form while the contribution of the dimeric form into the overall S100A4 concentration in TNBC cells increased 1.5-2-fold. The S100A4 pathway in the intercellular communication between TNBC and TPBCs also included the dexamethasone-sensitive mechanisms of S100A4 intra- and extracellular pools regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Dukhanina
- Department of Transcription Factors, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana N Portseva
- Department of Transcription Factors, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Dukhanin
- Molecular Pharmacology and Radiology Department, Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sofia G Georgieva
- Department of Transcription Factors, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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He Z. Selective effects of perinatal estrogen on proliferation and new neurons in hippocampus and piriform cortex of rats at weaning. Neurotoxicology 2022; 91:254-261. [PMID: 35618077 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent report links heightened prenatal amniotic estrogen levels to an increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, we examined the developmental effects of perinatal estrogen treatment on stem cell activity in weaned rats. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats received ethinyl estradiol (EE2, 10µg/kg/day) or vehicle orally from gestational day 6 until parturition. Offspring were then treated with the same daily dose from postnatal days (PNDs) 1-21. The effects of perinatal estrogen treatment on stem cell activities in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus and the piriform cortex were evaluated in male and female rat pups. RESULTS EE2 treatment increased the total Ki67-immunoreactive (Ki67-ir) cell counts in the SGZ of males and females (p<0.05). However, no treatment or sex differences were detectable in the density of the doublecortin (DCX)-immunoreactive (DCX-ir) deposits in the hippocampus. In the piriform cortex, no treatment or sex differences were detected in Ki67-ir cell counts. However, the EE2 treatment significantly reduced the DCX-ir cell count in male, but not female rats (male EE2 group=292±22/mm2, male vehicle group=402±19/mm2, female EE2 group=342±15/mm2, female vehicle group=331±9/mm2). CONCLUSIONS Perinatal estrogen treatment increased hippocampal Ki67-ir cell counts in both sexes and selectively reduced DCX-ir cell counts in the piriform cortex of males. These data suggest that exposure to abnormally high levels of estrogens early in life may have an impact on neural cell development. Alterations in development so early in life may have long-term cognitive impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z He
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA.
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Gao M, Li H, Dang F, Chen L, Liu X, Gao J. Induction of proliferative and mutagenic activity by benzo(a)pyrene in PC-3 cells via JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Mutat Res 2020; 821:111720. [PMID: 32841893 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2020.111720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Environmental carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a representative compound of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). BaP is strongly associated with prostate carcinogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism of BaP in development of prostate carcinoma remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of BaP on the development in prostate cancer. PC-3 cells were exposed to different concentrations of BaP for 24, 48, 72 h, respectively. We analyzed the effect of BaP on PC-3 cell viability, cell cycle, DNA strand breaks, mutagenic activity, and migration. The expression of associated regulatory genes and the effect of JAK2/STAT3 signaling were also measured to explore the relationships among BaP metabolism, the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and proliferative activity in PC-3 cells. We observed significant effects on proliferation, DNA strand breaks and mutagenic activity after BaP exposure in PC-3 cells, and inhibitors of CYP1 and the AhR transcription factor α -naphthoflavone (ANF) and CH223191 treatment clearly reduced both cell survival and mutagenesis associated with BaP exposure. Reduction in G0-G1 phase population and elevation in S phase were observed after BaP exposure. Migratory cells for PC-3 were significantly increased. The results were further confirmed by the expression of mRNA levels in the significant increments of Snail, Slug, MMP-9, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CycilnD1, CDK4 and significant reduction of E-cadherin. Significant enhancements were found in the expression of JAK2, STAT3 after BaP treatment. Additionally, activator IL-6 significantly enhanced the effect of BaP on cell survival, mutagenic activity, Cyclin D1, CDK4, Snail, and JAK2/STAT3 expression in PC-3 cells. Significant reductions in cell survival, mutagenic activity, Cyclin D1, CDK4, Snail, and JAK2/STAT3 expression were found after inhibitor AG490, ANF and CHJ223191 treatment. These findings reveal that BaP enhances the proliferative and mutagenic activity via JAK2-STAT3 pathway in PC-3 cells, and provide the additional evidence to understand the crucial role of BaP in prostate cancer carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meili Gao
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Colleague of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710004, China.
| | - Hong Li
- Ankang Blood Station, Shaanxi Province, 725000, China
| | - Fan Dang
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710049, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Center of Shared Experimental Facilities, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Colleague of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710004, China
| | - Jianghong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Colleague of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710004, China
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Inafuku K, Yokose T, Ito H, Eriguchi D, Samejima J, Nagashima T, Nakayama H, Suzuki M, Yamada K, Masuda M. Two cases of lung neuroendocrine carcinoma with carcinoid morphology. Diagn Pathol 2019; 14:104. [PMID: 31511024 PMCID: PMC6739931 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-019-0886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The category of grade 3 neuroendocrine tumor (NET G3) was newly introduced in the 2017 World Health Organization (WHO 2017) classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms of the pancreas. Pancreatic NET G3 shows a carcinoid-like morphology with high proliferative activity and the prognosis is intermediate between NET G2 and neuroendocrine carcinoma. There is no category corresponding to NET G3 in the current WHO 2015 classification of lung tumors. Herein, we report two cases of lung neuroendocrine carcinoma with carcinoid morphology that correspond to NET G3. CASE PRESENTATION Case 1: An abnormal chest shadow was detected in a 78-year-old female never-smoker during a routine medical examination. She was asymptomatic. The radiological assessment revealed a mass in the peripheral S4 segment of the right lung. She underwent right middle lobectomy for the mass preoperatively diagnosed as non-small cell lung carcinoma. Postoperative histological examination revealed a neuroendocrine tumor with carcinoid morphology and a mitotic count of 15/2 mm2. Case 2: An abnormal chest shadow was detected in a 74-year-old female never-smoker undergoing follow-up for another disease. She was asymptomatic. The radiological assessment revealed a mass in the peripheral S3 segment of the right lung. She underwent right upper lobectomy for the mass suspected to be lung carcinoma. Postoperative histological examination revealed a neuroendocrine tumor with carcinoid morphology with mitotic count of 13/2 mm2. Both of these tumors showed carcinoid morphology but with a mitotic count exceeding 10/2 mm2; thus, we diagnosed them as small cell lung carcinomas according to the current WHO 2015 classification. CONCLUSIONS Our tumors occurred in female never-smokers and their histology showed carcinoid morphology without extensive necrosis. Moreover, proliferative abilities of them were extremely low compared to small cell lung carcinoma. The clinical and pathological features of our tumors appeared to be different from those of small cell lung carcinoma. Although there is no category corresponding to NET G3 in the current classification of lung tumors, we consider that our tumors may correspond to NET G3 and identification of this subset is relevant for therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Inafuku
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Yokose
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ito
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Daisuke Eriguchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Joji Samejima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Takuya Nagashima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Nakayama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Masaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Kouzo Yamada
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Munetaka Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
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Sehouli J, Braicu EI, Richter R, Denkert C, Jank P, Jurmeister PS, Kunze CA, Budczies J, Darb-Esfahani S, Schmitt WD, Traut A, Grabowski J, Taube ET, Plett H. Prognostic significance of Ki-67 levels and hormone receptor expression in low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma: an investigation of the Tumor Bank Ovarian Cancer Network. Hum Pathol 2019; 85:299-308. [PMID: 30428389 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSOC) has recently come up as a distinct rare entity of epithelial ovarian cancer. Predictive and prognostic markers are not well studied yet. Because Ki-67 and hormone receptors (HR) have been established as relevant cancer biomarkers in several malignant tumors, we evaluated Ki-67 and HR expression rates by immunohistochemistry in 68 patients with LGSOC. We used a standardized cutoff finder algorithm to analyze prognostic significance for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Cox regression showed a significant continuous decrease in OS for higher proliferation rates with an HR of 1.07% (95% confidence interval, 1.01%-3.67%; P = .048) but not in PFS (P = .86). Cutoff finder analysis revealed the best possible cutoff for OS at 6.28% (P = .04) and for PFS at 1.85% proliferative activity (P = .04). Estrogen receptors (ERs) were expressed in most LGSOC patients (n = 61; 89.7%), progesterone receptor (PR) in about half of patients (n = 33; 48.5%). For both ER/PR, a statistically significant cutoff for PFS could be determined, which was at 75% of positive tumor cells for ER (P = .02) and at 15% of positive tumor cells for PR (P = .03). For OS, HR expression showed a tendency toward better OS for HR-positive tumors but did not turn out statistically significant. Our results show that Ki-67 is a valuable prognostic marker in the subgroup of LGSOC. We could also show that most LGSOCs express HRs but that this expression is associated with a better PFS, a finding valuable in times of antihormonal therapy in LGSOC.
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Sabattini S, Renzi A, Albanese F, Fantinati M, Rigillo A, Abramo F, Tornago R, Tortorella G, Massaro M, Pagano TB, Buchholz J, Bettini G. Evaluation of Ki-67 expression in feline non-ocular melanocytic tumours. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14:309. [PMID: 30314485 PMCID: PMC6186108 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Melanomas are rare in cats. The eye is the most commonly involved site, whereas few data are available about feline non-ocular melanomas (NOMs). Ki-67 thresholds with prognostic relevance have been established for canine melanomas, but not in cats. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between Ki-67 index, tumour characteristics, and clinical outcome in feline NOMs. Histologic samples were retrospectively reviewed. Amelanotic tumours were admitted upon immunohistochemical positivity for Melan A or S100. Evaluated parameters included morphological diagnosis, histotype, junctional activity, degree of pigmentation, vascular invasion, lymphocytic infiltrate, necrosis, mitotic count (MC) and Ki-67 index. Pigmented tumours were bleached before evaluation. Clinical and follow-up information were retrieved via telephone interviews with the referring veterinarians. Results Fifty tumours located in skin (n = 33) and mucosae (n = 17) were included. Forty-eight percent and 95% of amelanotic tumours (n = 21) stained positive for Melan A and S100, respectively. Most achromic tumours were mucosal (P < 0.001, Fisher’s exact test) and presented a spindle cell morphology (P = 0.002; Fisher’s exact test). MC and Ki-67 index were significantly correlated (P < 0.001; R = 0.67; Spearman’s rank correlation); median values were 15 (range, 0–153) and 28% (range, 1–78%), respectively. Both were significantly higher in spindle cell melanomas, in tumours lacking junctional activity and in poorly-pigmented tumours. Follow-up information was available for 33 cats (66%). Variables related with a poor clinical outcome included mucosal location, tumour size, spindle, balloon and signet ring cell histotypes, low pigmentation, MC > 5, Ki-67 > 20% and lack of treatment administration. On multivariable analysis, only tumour histotype and treatment retained prognostic significance. Conclusions Although the majority of feline NOMs behave aggressively, Ki-67 index, together with other parameters, may contribute to prognostic assessment. Prospective studies on homogeneous populations are warranted to identify reliable threshold values for this marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sabattini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, (BO), Italy.
| | - Andrea Renzi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, (BO), Italy
| | - Francesco Albanese
- "La Vallonea" laboratory, Via Giuseppe Sirtori, 9, 20017, Rho, MI), Italy
| | - Marco Fantinati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, (BO), Italy
| | - Antonella Rigillo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, (BO), Italy
| | - Francesca Abramo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Raimondo Tornago
- "Città di Bolzano" veterinary clinic, Via Resia, 20, 39100, Bolzano, Italy
| | | | - Maria Massaro
- "La Vallonea" laboratory, Via Giuseppe Sirtori, 9, 20017, Rho, MI), Italy
| | | | - Julia Buchholz
- Radiation Oncology Consultant, Unterrenggstrasse 36, CH-8135, Langnau am Albis, Switzerland
| | - Giuliano Bettini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, (BO), Italy
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Toth L, Nagy B, Mehes G, Laszlo E, Molnar PP, Poka R, Hernadi Z. Cell adhesion molecule profiles, proliferation activity and p53 expression in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer induced malignant ascites-Correlation of tissue microarray and cytology microarray. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:978-985. [PMID: 29801775 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peritoneal dissemination accompanied by ascites formation is common in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Adhesion molecules are crucial in metastatic spread and the latter involves epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This study aimed at: (1) clarifying whether E-cadherin and β-catenin expression and proliferative activity in metastatic ovarian cancer are inter-related; (2) Identifying possible correlations between cell adhesion molecular expression profiles, the proliferative activity and p53 expression of tumor cells and tumor grade and stage; (3) testing the cytology microarray (CMA) technique in analyzing metastasis formation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Both tumorous and ascitic samples from 27 EOC patients were examined by using tissue microarray (TMA) and cytology microarray (CMA), respectively. CMA blocks were constructed using cores from each cell block of the ascitic specimens. Expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin, Ki-67 and p53 was immunohistochemically detected both in TMA and CMA blocks. RESULTS E-cadherin expression was higher in ascitic cells than in primary tumor cells (p = .294). β-catenin expression was significantly lower in ascitic cells than in primary tumor cells (p = .006). Expression of Ki-67 was lower and expression of p53 was higher in primary tumors than in ascitic cells, for p53 the difference was significant (p = .001). Both Ki-67 and p53 expression elevated significantly in high-grade primary tumor cells and in ascites cells (p = .039, and p = .004, respectively). CONCLUSION Epithelial-mesenchymal transition- mesenchymal-epithelial transition is suggested as the best descriptive term for our IHC observations which accompany increased proliferative activity of ascitic cells. The CMA method is an adequate and reliable method for the analysis of ascitic tumor cells disseminating from ovarian malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laszlo Toth
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Bence Nagy
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabor Mehes
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Eszter Laszlo
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Peter Pal Molnar
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Robert Poka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Hernadi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Centre, University of Debrecen, Hungary
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Kagawa S, Nishii R, Higashi T, Yamauchi H, Ogawa E, Okudaira H, Kobayashi M, Yoshimoto M, Shikano N, Kawai K. Relationship between [ 14C]MeAIB uptake and amino acid transporter family gene expression levels or proliferative activity in a pilot study in human carcinoma cells: Comparison with [ 3H]methionine uptake. Nucl Med Biol 2017; 49:8-15. [PMID: 28284101 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To clarify the difference between system A and L amino acid transport imaging in PET clinical imaging, we focused on the use of α-[N-methyl-11C]-methylaminoisobutyric acid ([11C]MeAIB), and compared it with [S-methyl-11C]-L-methionine ([11C]MET). The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of accumulation of these two radioactive amino acid analogs with expression of amino acid transporters and cell proliferative activity in carcinoma cells. METHODS Amino acid uptake inhibitor studies were performed in four human carcinoma cells (epidermal carcinoma A431, colorectal carcinoma LS180, and lung carcinomas PC14/GL and H441/GL) using the radioisotope analogs [3H]MET and [14C]MeAIB. MeAIB was used to inhibit the A system and 2-amino-2-norbornane-carboxylic acid (BCH) was used to inhibit the L system. The carcinoma gene expression levels of a number of amino acid transporters were measured by microarray and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Carcinoma proliferative activity was assessed using accumulation of [methyl-3H]-3'-deoxy-3'-fluorothymidine ([3H]FLT). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION [14C]MeAIB uptake occurred principally via a Na+-dependent A type mechanism whereas [3H]MET uptake occurred predominantly via a Na+-independent L type mechanism although other transporters were also utilized depending on cell type. There was no correlation between [3H]MET uptake and total system L amino acid transporter (LAT) expression. In contrast, [14C]MeAIB uptake strongly correlated with total system A amino acid transporter (SNAT) expression and proliferative activity in this preliminary study using four human carcinoma cell lines. Carcinoma proliferative activity also correlated with total SNAT expression. Advances in Knowledge and Implications for Patient Care: Because there is a significant correlation between the accumulation of [14C]MeAIB and the gene expression level of total SNAT as well as the accumulation of [3H]FLT, it is suggested that use of the analog [11C]MeAIB in PET may provide an indication of tumor cell proliferative activity. [11C]MeAIB is therefore expected to be very useful in PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Kagawa
- Division of PET Imaging, Shiga Medical Center Research Institute, Shiga, Japan; Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishii
- Division of PET Imaging, Shiga Medical Center Research Institute, Shiga, Japan; Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Division of PET Imaging, Shiga Medical Center Research Institute, Shiga, Japan; Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamauchi
- Division of PET Imaging, Shiga Medical Center Research Institute, Shiga, Japan
| | - Emi Ogawa
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | - Masato Kobayashi
- Wellness Promotion Science Center, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Yoshimoto
- Division of Functional Imaging, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoto Shikano
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keiichi Kawai
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan.
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Paßlack N, Doherr MG, Zentek J. Effects of free amino acids on cytokine secretion and proliferative activity of feline T cells in an in vitro study using the cell line MYA-1. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:1949-61. [PMID: 27510653 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-0008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro studies might be an interesting screening method for targeted in vivo studies in the field of immunonutrition and help to reduce and refine animal studies. As the role of amino acids for immune function of cats has not been evaluated in detail so far, the present study aimed at investigating the effects of eight different amino acids (arginine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, glutamine, lysine, threonine and tryptophan) in six concentrations each (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 and 8x the cat blood level) on cytokine secretion and proliferative activity of feline T cells (MYA-1) in vitro. The results demonstrated that high doses of arginine increased IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-α secretion of T cells, while increasing concentrations of lysine increased IL-10 secretion and proliferative activity of the T cells. High doses of leucine enhanced GM-CSF and IL-10 secretion, while concentrations of threonine in the cell culture media greater than blood concentration also increased GM-CSF and additionally TNF-α secretion of the cells. The effects of glutamine and isoleucine on T cell function were only small. In conclusion, the present in vitro study could evaluate the immunomodulating potential of specific amino acids for feline T cell function. High doses of arginine, lysine, leucine and threonine had a significant impact on cytokine secretion and proliferative activity of the T cells. Targeted in vivo studies should investigate the clinical relevance of dietary supplementation of those amino acids in healthy and diseased cats as a next step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Paßlack
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 49, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marcus G Doherr
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 67, 14163, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Zentek
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 49, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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Alizadeh AM, Mohammadghasemi F, Zendehdel K, Kamyabi-moghaddam Z, Tavassoli A, Amini-najafi F, Khosravi A. Apoptotic and proliferative activity of mouse gastric mucosa following oral administration of fumonisin B1. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2015; 18:8-13. [PMID: 25810870 PMCID: PMC4366747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fumonisins are a group of toxic and carcinogenic mycotoxins, which contaminate the grains and their products. The aim of this study was to examine the apoptotic and proliferative activity of mouse gastric mucosa following administration of fumonisin B1 (FB1). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-nine female mice divided into treatment (n=15) and control (n=14) groups. The treatment group received FB1 (150 mg/kg diet) for 16 weeks. The gastric atrophy was allocated using grading criteria modeled on the updated Sydney System. Immunohistochemistry studies were performed for evaluation of apoptosis and proliferative activity in gastric mucosa. RESULTS Mild to moderate gastric atrophy were observed in microscopic findings of the gastric mucosa in treated animals (P<0.05). Number of parietal cells significantly decreased in the treatment group in comparison with the control (P<0.05). Treatment with FB1 for 16 weeks significantly reduced both gastric mucosa height and mitotic index in the gastric glands (P<0.05). TUNEL- and Bax-labeled positive cell numbers significantly increased in the FB1-treated group compared to the control (P<0.05). In addition, proliferative activity of gastric glands in the treated group was significantly lower than the control (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Oral administration of FB1 caused atrophy in gastric mucosa both via increasing of apoptosis and suppressing the mitotic activity of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohammad Alizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Cancer Model Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Ali Mohammad Alizadeh. Keshavarz Blvd, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complexes, Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-21-61192501; ;
| | - Fahimeh Mohammadghasemi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Kazem Zendehdel
- Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Tavassoli
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amini-najafi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Khosravi
- Medical Parasitology and Mycology Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
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Koley S, Chakrabarti S, Pathak S, Manna AK, Basu S. Cytological Study of Breast Carcinoma Before and After Oncotherapy with Special Reference to Morphometry and Proliferative Activity. Indian J Surg 2013; 77:570-5. [PMID: 26730066 DOI: 10.1007/s12262-013-0928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study was done to assess the cytological changes due to oncotherapy in breast carcinoma especially on morphometry and proliferative activity. Cytological aspirates were collected from a total of 32 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma both before and after oncotherapy. Morphometry was done on the stained cytological smears to assess the different morphological parameters of cell dimension by using the ocular morphometer and the software AutoCAD 2007. Staining was done with Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as proliferative markers. Different morphological parameters were compared before and after oncotherapy by unpaired Student's t test. Statistically significant differences were found in morphometric parameters, e.g., mean nuclear diameter, mean nuclear area, mean cell diameter, and mean cell area, and in the expression of proliferative markers (Ki-67 and PCNA). Statistical analysis was done by obtaining p values. There are statistically significant differences between morphological parameter of breast carcinoma cells before and after oncotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sananda Koley
- Department of Pathology, IPGMER, Kolkata, West Bengal India
| | | | - Swapan Pathak
- Department of Pathology, BSMC&H, Bankura, West Bengal India
| | - Asim Kumar Manna
- Department of Pathology, IPGMER, Kolkata, West Bengal India ; D-17/14, Karunamoyee Housing Estate, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091 West Bengal India
| | - Siddhartha Basu
- Department of Radiotherapy, IPGMER, 244 AJC Bose Road, Kolkata, 700020 West Bengal India
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Salminen E, Palmu S, Vahlberg T, Roberts PJ, Söderström KO. Increased proliferation activity measured by immunoreactive Ki67 is associated with survival improvement in rectal/recto sigmoid cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11:3245-9. [PMID: 15929175 PMCID: PMC4316056 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i21.3245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To assess the expression of Ki67 as prognosticator in rectal/recto sigmoid cancer.
METHODS: Samples from 146 patients with rectal and recto sigmoid cancer were studied for expression of Ki67 and its prognostic significance in comparison with clinico-pathological predictors of survival. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 6 (4.1%) patients with T1, 26 (17.8%) with T2, 94 (64.4%) with T3, and 20 (13.7%) with T4 tumors were studied. Ki67 expression was determined immunohistochemically. Samples were divided according to mean value into high (>40%) and low (≤40%) expression. Areas of extensive proliferation (>50%) were defined as ‘hot spot’ areas.
RESULTS: Hot spot areas were present in samples regardless of histopathological grade. Lower TNM and Dukes stage and higher expression of Ki67 and presence of Ki67 hot spot areas in histopathological samples were associated with better survival, whereas no association was observed with histopathological grade (P = 0.78). In Cox multivariate regression analysis, significant prognostic factors were Dukes stage (P<0.001), presence of lymph node metastases (P = 0.015), age (P = 0.035) and presence of Ki67 hot spot areas (P = 0.044).
CONCLUSION: Proliferative activity as measured by Ki67 in rectal cancer is associated with survival improvement compared with patients with low Ki67. Areas of prognostically significant increased proliferation were found independently of histopathological tumor grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eeva Salminen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, POB 52, Fin-20510 Turku, Finland.
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Huang JX, Yan W, Song ZX, Qian RY, Chen P, Salminen E, Toppari J. Relationship between proliferative activity of cancer cells and clinicopathological factors in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11:2956-9. [PMID: 15902736 PMCID: PMC4305667 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i19.2956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To assess whether the molecular markers of malignant tumors could improve the understanding of tumor charact-eristics, and to observe the characteristics of expression of cell cycle markers Ki-67 and cyclin A in esophageal carcinoma and to analyze the relationship between proliferative activity of cancer cells and clinicopathological factors.
METHODS: Seventy of surgically resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were examined by immun-ohistochemistry utilizing commercially available antibodies. Nuclear staining was regarded as a positive result. At least 50 fields in each tumor and non-tumor section were evaluated at a medium power (×200) to determine the proportion of tumor cells and the staining intensity of nuclei in the entire sections.
RESULTS: Ki-67 and cyclin A were only expressed in base cells of normal esophageal mucosa. The positive immuno-staining of nuclei of SCC was significantly higher than that in normal esophageal mucosa (t = 13.32 and t = 7.52, respectively, P<0.01). The distribution of positively stained was more diffuse and stronger in poorly differentiated SCC. Both Ki-67 and cyclin A expressions were related to histological grades of tumors (t = 3.5675 and t = 3.916; t = 2.13, respectively, P<0.05) but not to the sex and age of the patients, tumor size, lymphatic invasion, location, or stage grouping.
CONCLUSION: The proliferative activity of cancer cells may be understood by immunohistochemistry of Ki-67 and cyclin A in Chinese patients with esophageal SCC. These cell cycle markers may serve as an indicator of cancer cell proliferation rate. The overexpression of cell cycle markers Ki-67 and cyclin A suggests the poor SCC differentiation in patients with esophageal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xing Huang
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, The People's Hospital of Taizhou, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Myong NH. Expression of Cyclin-dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21(WAF1/CIP1) in Non-small Cell Lung Carcinomas: Relationship with p53 Status and Proliferative Activity. Cancer Res Treat 2001; 33:329-34. [PMID: 26680804 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2001.33.4.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objectives of this study are to elucidate the level of p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression in non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs) and to investigate the relationship between the p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression and clinicopathologic features; p53 overexpression; and proliferative activity measured by Ki-67 expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expressions of p21(WAF1/CIP1), p53, and Ki-67 proteins were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 45 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded NSCLC specimens. 43 patients underwent curative resections and 2 patients had bronchoscopic biopsy specimens only. The correlations between p21(WAF1/CIP1) immunoexpression and p53 status; Ki-67 proliferative activity; and clinicopathologic parameters were analyzed statistically by chi-square or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression in the carcinoma cells was found in 28 (62%) of 45 cases. There was no significant correlation between p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression and abnormal accumulation of p53 protein. In 16 (36%) of 45 cases, p21(WAF1/CIP1) was expressed inde pendently of p53 overexpressions. p21WAF1/CIP1 expression was not associated with patient sex, smoking history, pathological stage, tumor size, histological grade or type. However, p21WAF1/CIP1 immunoreactivity was significantly higher in older individuals over 59 years and tended to occur more intensely in the more highly differentiated portion of the squamous carcinoma. Also, a positive correlation between p21WAF1/CIP1 and Ki-67 expression was observed. CONCLUSION S: The present findings overall suggest that aberrations in the relationship between p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p53 expressions may be important in the development of NSCLCs; that a p53-independent pathway may be substantially involved in the induction of p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression in NSCLCs; and that the proliferative activity of lung cancers might be dependent on positive control of the cell cycle by p21(WAF1/CIP1).
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