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Savoia MA, Del Faro L, Turco A, Fanelli V, Venerito P, Montemurro C, Sabetta W. Biodiversity Evaluation and Preservation of Italian Stone Fruit Germplasm (Peach and Apricot) in Southern Italy. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1279. [PMID: 36986967 PMCID: PMC10055517 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The Prunus genus encompasses a group of economically important and closely related crops, sharing an essentially common genome and, thereby, a high level of conserved and transferable microsatellite (SSR) loci. In Southern Italy, many of the local and/or neglected varieties are abandoned and at risk of extinction due to the high degree of urbanization and agricultural intensification, despite their value as genetic resources for crop improvement. This research aimed to genetically and morphologically characterize the traditional apricot (P. armenica) and peach (P. persica) germplasms collected in old family orchards. Most of the official descriptor categories were scored, thus revealing a rather high level of phenotypic variation in both collections. Genetic data allowed the discovery of diversity masked by morphological traits. Genotyping in 15 and 18 SSRs, eight of which were transferable across both species, showed an average polymorphic informativeness (PIC) of 0.44 and 0.59 for apricot and peach, respectively, and a total of 70 and 144 alleles. A reliable identification of each genotype was achieved, and the presence of possible mislabeling and/or erroneous denominations was solved. These results are encouraging for the valorization of the still poorly explored Italian Prunus germplasm, with significant economic consequences for bioresource conservation and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Antonio Savoia
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Loredana Del Faro
- CRSFA-Centro Ricerca, Sperimentazione e Formazione in Agricoltura “Basile Caramia”, Via Cisternino 281, 70010 Locorotondo, Italy
| | - Andrea Turco
- CRSFA-Centro Ricerca, Sperimentazione e Formazione in Agricoltura “Basile Caramia”, Via Cisternino 281, 70010 Locorotondo, Italy
| | - Valentina Fanelli
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Venerito
- CRSFA-Centro Ricerca, Sperimentazione e Formazione in Agricoltura “Basile Caramia”, Via Cisternino 281, 70010 Locorotondo, Italy
| | - Cinzia Montemurro
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Spin Off Sinagri s.r.l., University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection–Support Unit Bari, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Wilma Sabetta
- Spin Off Sinagri s.r.l., University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council (IBBR-CNR), Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Sayed HA, Mostafa S, Haggag IM, Hassan NA. DNA Barcoding of Prunus Species Collection Conserved in the National Gene Bank of Egypt. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:410-418. [PMID: 35962931 PMCID: PMC9935672 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00530-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two intergenic spacers cpDNA barcoding regions were used to assess the genetic diversity and phylogenetic structure of a collection of 25 Prunus accessions. The trnH-psbA and trnL-trnF intergenic spacers were able to distinguish and identify only four Prunus species. The average aligned length was 316-352 bp and 701-756 bp for trnH-psbA and trnL-trnF, respectively. The overall evolutionary divergence was higher in trnH-psbA than trnL-trnF. The transition/transversion bias (R) recorded as 0.59 in trnL-trnF and 0.89 in trnH-psbA. The number of invariable sites, nucleotide diversity (Pi), and the average number of nucleotide differences (k) was higher in the trnH-psbA region. The trnL-trnF records was above the other region in the number of variable sites, number of singleton variable sites, and the parsimony informative sites. Phylogenetic relationships among the 25 accessions of Prunus species were investigated. Most of the different Prunus species clustered in a homogenized distribution in both regions, except for the plum (P. domestica) accession (African Rose) was assigned with the peach (P. persica) accessions. The two intergenic cpDNA trnH-psbA and trnL-trnF were able to distinguish and identify the four Prunus species accessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam A. Sayed
- National Gene Bank, Agricultural Research Center, B.O. 12619, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Mostafa
- National Gene Bank, Agricultural Research Center, B.O. 12619, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim M. Haggag
- National Gene Bank, Agricultural Research Center, B.O. 12619, Giza, Egypt
| | - Neveen A. Hassan
- National Gene Bank, Agricultural Research Center, B.O. 12619, Giza, Egypt
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Zhong Y, Chen Z, Cheng ZM. Different scales of gene duplications occurring at different times have jointly shaped the NBS-LRR genes in Prunus species. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:263-276. [PMID: 35031863 PMCID: PMC8803762 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-021-01849-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, genome-wide identification, phylogenetic relationships, duplication time and selective pressure of the NBS-LRR genes, an important group of plant disease-resistance genes (R genes), were performed to uncover their genetic evolutionary patterns in the six Prunus species. A total of 1946 NBS-LRR genes were identified; specifically, 589, 361, 284, 281, 318, and 113 were identified in Prunus yedoensis, P. domestica, P. avium, P. dulcis, P. persica and P. yedoensis var. nudiflora, respectively. Two NBS-LRR gene subclasses, TIR-NBS-LRR (TNL) and non-TIR-NBS-LRR (non-TNL), were also discovered. In total, 435 TNL and 1511 non-TNL genes were identified and could be classified into 30/55/75 and 103/158/191 multi-gene families, respectively, according to three different criteria. Higher Ks and Ka/Ks values were detected in TNL gene families than in non-TNL gene families. These results indicated that the TNL genes had more members involved in relatively ancient duplications and were affected by stronger selection pressure than the non-TNL genes. In general, the NBS-LRR genes were shaped by species-specific duplications, and lineage-specific duplications occurred at recent and relatively ancient periods among the six Prunus species. Therefore, different duplicated copies of NBS-LRRs can resist specific pathogens and will provide an R-gene library for resistance breeding in Prunus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhong
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Zhao Chen
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zong-Ming Cheng
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Bonesi M, Tenuta MC, Loizzo MR, Sicari V, Tundis R. Potential Application of Prunus armeniaca L. and P. domestica L. Leaf Essential Oils as Antioxidant and of Cholinesterases Inhibitors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 8:antiox8010002. [PMID: 30577585 PMCID: PMC6356404 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to investigate the in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrycholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities of essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from the leaves of Prunus armeniaca and P. domestica in relation to their composition, analysed by Gas Chromatography–Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses, at different times. Moreover, considering the role of free radicals in the progression of neurodegenerative disorders, the antioxidant properties of essential oils were investigated by using, 2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and β-carotene bleaching tests. The relative antioxidant capacity index (RACI) was used to achieve more comprehensive comparison between analysed antioxidant effects of essential oils. P. armeniaca oils were more active than P. domestica oils against AChE. Against BChE, the most active was the essential oil from P. domestica leaves collected in August with an IC50 value of 95.80 μg/mL. This oil exerted the highest inhibitory activity of lipid peroxidation with IC50 values of 11.15 and 11.39 μg/mL after 30 and 60 min of incubation, respectively. All samples demonstrated a remarkable ABTS radicals scavenging activity, with IC50 values in the range 0.45–0.57 μg/mL in comparison to the positive control, ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Science and Nutrition, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Maria Concetta Tenuta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Science and Nutrition, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Monica R Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Science and Nutrition, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Sicari
- Department of Agricultural Science, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Via Graziella, Feo di Vito, 89123 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Science and Nutrition, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
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Jena AK, Vasisht K, Sharma N, Kaur R, Dhingra MS, Karan M. Amelioration of testosterone induced benign prostatic hyperplasia by Prunus species. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 190:33-45. [PMID: 27235020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological disorder of men. The ethnomedicinal use of an African plant Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman (Pygeum) in treating men's problems made it a popular remedy all over the globe for the treatment of BPH and related disorders. However, rampant collections made from the wild in Africa have pushed the plant to Appendix II of CITES demanding conservation of the species. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, the aim was to unearth the protective effect of bark of different species of Prunus against BPH. The five selected Indian plants of family Rosaceae viz. Prunus amygdalus Stokes, Prunus armeniaca L., Prunus cerasoides Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don, Prunus domestica L. and Prunus persica (L.) Batsch were evaluated against P. africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman for a suitable comparison of efficacy as antiBPH agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antiBPH activity was evaluated in testosterone (2mg/kg/day, s.c, 21 days) induced BPH in Wistar rats. The parameters studied were body weights; histopathological examination, immunohistochemistry (PCNA) and biochemical estimations of the prostate; supported by prostatic index, testicular index, creatinine, testosterone levels; antioxidant and anti-inflammatory evaluation. The study also included chemical profiling using three markers (β-sitosterol, docosyl ferulate and ursolic acid) and estimation of β-sitosterol content through GC. RESULTS The Prunus species showed the presence of all the three markers in their TLC fingerprint profile and maximum amount of β-sitosterol by GC was observed in P. domestica. Interestingly, all the species exhibited significant amelioration in testosterone induced parameters with P. domestica showing the most encouraging effect as indicated from histopathological examination, immunohistochemistry and biochemical studies. The Prunus species further showed remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity signifying their role in interfering with various possible factors involved in BPH. CONCLUSIONS These findings are suggestive of a meaningful inhibitory effect of testosterone induced BPH by the bark of different species of Prunus in the order of P. domestica, P. persica, P. amygdalus, P. cerasoides and P. armeniaca with an efficacy of P. domestica comparable to P. africana and can be used as the potential backup of Pygeum for the management of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Jena
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Karan Vasisht
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Neetika Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ramdeep Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Mamta Sachdeva Dhingra
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Maninder Karan
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Mariette S, Wong Jun Tai F, Roch G, Barre A, Chague A, Decroocq S, Groppi A, Laizet Y, Lambert P, Tricon D, Nikolski M, Audergon JM, Abbott AG, Decroocq V. Genome-wide association links candidate genes to resistance to Plum Pox Virus in apricot (Prunus armeniaca). New Phytol 2016; 209:773-84. [PMID: 26356603 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In fruit tree species, many important traits have been characterized genetically by using single-family descent mapping in progenies segregating for the traits. However, most mapped loci have not been sufficiently resolved to the individual genes due to insufficient progeny sizes for high resolution mapping and the previous lack of whole-genome sequence resources of the study species. To address this problem for Plum Pox Virus (PPV) candidate resistance gene identification in Prunus species, we implemented a genome-wide association (GWA) approach in apricot. This study exploited the broad genetic diversity of the apricot (Prunus armeniaca) germplasm containing resistance to PPV, next-generation sequence-based genotyping, and the high-quality peach (Prunus persica) genome reference sequence for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identification. The results of this GWA study validated previously reported PPV resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL) intervals, highlighted other potential resistance loci, and resolved each to a limited set of candidate genes for further study. This work substantiates the association genetics approach for resolution of QTL to candidate genes in apricot and suggests that this approach could simplify identification of other candidate genes for other marked trait intervals in this germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Mariette
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Equipe de Virologie, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, CS20032, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO, INRA, F-33610, Cestas, France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO, Université de Bordeaux, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - Fabienne Wong Jun Tai
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Equipe de Virologie, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, CS20032, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Bioinformatics Center CBiB, Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Guillaume Roch
- UR1052 GAFL, Domaine Saint Maurice, INRA, CS60094, F-84143, Montfavet, France
- CEP INNOVATION, INRA, 23 rue Jean Baldassini, F-69364, LYON Cedex 7, France
| | - Aurélien Barre
- Bordeaux Bioinformatics Center CBiB, Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Aurélie Chague
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Equipe de Virologie, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, CS20032, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Stéphane Decroocq
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Equipe de Virologie, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, CS20032, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Alexis Groppi
- Bordeaux Bioinformatics Center CBiB, Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Yec'han Laizet
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO, INRA, F-33610, Cestas, France
- UMR 1202 BIOGECO, Université de Bordeaux, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - Patrick Lambert
- UR1052 GAFL, Domaine Saint Maurice, INRA, CS60094, F-84143, Montfavet, France
| | - David Tricon
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Equipe de Virologie, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, CS20032, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Macha Nikolski
- Bordeaux Bioinformatics Center CBiB, Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405, Talence, France
| | - Jean-Marc Audergon
- UR1052 GAFL, Domaine Saint Maurice, INRA, CS60094, F-84143, Montfavet, France
| | - Albert G Abbott
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Equipe de Virologie, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, CS20032, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- University of Kentucky, 106 T. P. Cooper Hall, Lexington, KY, 40546-0073, USA
| | - Véronique Decroocq
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Equipe de Virologie, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, CS20032, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
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