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Kumar A, Singh N, Joshi R. Deciphering the metabolic signatures of Trigonella microgreens as a function of photoperiod and temperature using targeted compound analysis and non-targeted UHPLC-QTOF-IMS based approach. Food Res Int 2024; 176:113834. [PMID: 38163730 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Fenugreek) is an annual herb that belongs to Fabaceae family. The compositional make-up of microgreens depends on prevailing environmental conditions. So, Trigonella microgreens were cultivated under different photoperiod and temperature conditions and evaluated for plant height, total chlorophyll content (TCC), targeted compound analysis and non-targeted UHPLC-QTOF-IMS based metabolomic profile. The plant height and TCC of Trigonella microgreens increased by approximately 22 % and 20 %, respectively under T1 conditions (longer photoperiod of 22 h with 22 °C in light and 17 °C in dark). The targeted phenolic profile analysis revealed the dominant presence of gallic acid, p-coumaric acid and apigenin in Trigonella microgreens. Also, the concentration of p-coumaric acid concentration raised from 3.51 mg/g to 5.83 mg/g as a response of T1 conditions. The sugar profile revealed augmented concentration of myo-inositol, glucose, fructose, xylose, maltose, and sucrose in longer photoperiod with T1 conditions. The microgreens were also rich in amino acids like aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine, isoleucine, and phenylalanine. Notably, the concentration of proline increased from 10.40 mg/g to 16.92 mg/g as a response to T1 growth conditions. The concentration of these metabolites varied significantly under different photoperiod and temperature conditions. The comprehensive non-targeted UHPLC-QTOF-IMS analysis of microgreens revealed different class of metabolites like organic compounds, alkaloids, coumarin-derivatives, phenolic and flavonoid derivatives, terpenoids, sugars, amino acids and few nucleic acid derivatives. The multivariate PLS-DA explained different expression level of metabolites under different growing conditions. The T1 growing condition resulted in the increased biosynthesis of phenolic compounds and various metabolites. The expression level of terpenoid derivatives specifically of Trigonelloside C and Trigoneoside XIIa/b increased under T1 conditions. The substantial alteration in the metabolites due to growing conditions may alter the microgreen's dietary benefits. So, additional research may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun 248002, India
| | - Narpinder Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun 248002, India.
| | - Robin Joshi
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania (UPenn), Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Biotechnology Division, CSIR- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, 176061, HP, India.
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Long Y, Yang Q, Xiang Y, Zhang Y, Wan J, Liu S, Li N, Peng W. Nose to brain drug delivery - A promising strategy for active components from herbal medicine for treating cerebral ischemia reperfusion. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104795. [PMID: 32278035 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI), one of the major causes of death from stroke in the world, not only causes tremendous damage to human health, but also brings heavy economic burden to society. Current available treatments for CIRI, including mechanical therapies and drug therapies, are often accompanied by significant side-effects. Therefore, it is necessary to discovery new strategies for treating CIRI. Many studies have confirmed that the herbal medicine has the advantages of abundant resources, good curative effect and little side effects, which can be used as potential drug for treatment of CIRI through multiple targets. It's known that oral administration commonly has low bioavailability, and injection administration is inconvenient and unsafe. Many drugs can't delivery to brain through routine pathways due to the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Interestingly, increasing evidences have suggested the nasal administration is a potential direct route to transport drug into brain avoiding the BBB and has the characteristics of high bioavailability for treating brain diseases. Therefore, intranasal administration can be treated as an alternative way to treat brain diseases. In the present review, effective methods to treat CIRI by using active ingredients derived from herbal medicine through nose to brain drug delivery (NBDD) are updated and discussed, and some related pharmacological mechanisms have also been emphasized. Our present study would be beneficial for the further drug development of natural agents from herbal medicines via NBDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Long
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Qiyue Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Yan Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Yulu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Jinyan Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Songyu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
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Sanchez BAO, Celestino SMC, de Abreu Gloria MB, Celestino IC, Lozada MIO, Júnior SDA, de Alencar ER, de Lacerda de Oliveira L. Pasteurization of passion fruit Passiflora setacea pulp to optimize bioactive compounds retention. Food Chem X 2020; 6:100084. [PMID: 32373788 PMCID: PMC7191204 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2020.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Passiflora setacea is a wild species of passion fruit with interesting functional properties. Fruit seasonality demands conservation methods to enable its consumption throughout the year. We evaluated High Temperature Short Time (HTST) and Low Temperature Long Time (LTLT) binomials on physical, chemical, antioxidant and sensory characteristics of Passiflora setacea pulps. In natura (IN) and pasteurized pulps were analysed for DPPH, FRAP, ORAC, total phenolic content (TPC), vitamin C, bioactive amines, flavonoids, color, remaining enzymatic activity (REA), microbiological analyzes, sensory evaluation and physical stability. All binomials reached microbiological standards. Binomials 82 °C/20 s and 82 °C/40 s were selected for providing higher total antioxidant activity (TAA), TPC and lower REA. The highest levels of antioxidant activity, flavonoids, vitamin C were kept by 82 °C/20 s, without difference from IN pulp. LTLT binomial showed higher retention of bioactive amines, but also higher REA. Sensory acceptance was not affected by the binomials but pasteurized-cooked flavor was more checked for 82 °C 40 s than IN pulp.
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Dey P. Gut microbiota in phytopharmacology: A comprehensive overview of concepts, reciprocal interactions, biotransformations and mode of actions. Pharmacol Res 2019; 147:104367. [PMID: 31344423 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic and delicate interactions amongst intestinal microbiota, metabolome and metabolism dictates human health and disease. In recent years, our understanding of gut microbial regulation of intestinal immunometabolic and redox homeostasis have evolved mainly out of in vivo studies associated with high-fat feeding induced metabolic diseases. Techniques utilizing fecal transplantation and germ-free mice have been instrumental in reproducibly demonstrating how the gut microbiota affects disease pathogenesis. However, the pillars of modern drug discovery i.e. evidence-based pharmacological studies critically lack focus on intestinal microflora. This is primarily due to targeted in vitro molecular-approaches at cellular-level that largely overlook the etiology of disease pathogenesis from the physiological perspective. Thus, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the key notions of intestinal microbiota and dysbiosis, and highlight the microbiota-phytochemical bidirectional interactions that affects bioavailability and bioactivity of parent phytochemicals and their metabolites. Potentially by focusing on the three major aspects of gut microbiota i.e. microbial abundance, diversity, and functions, I will discuss phytochemical-microbiota reciprocal interactions, biotransformation of phytochemicals and plant-derived drugs, and pre-clinical and clinical efficacies of herbal medicine on dysbiosis. Additionally, in relation to phytochemical pharmacology, I will briefly discuss the role of dietary-patterns associated with changes in microbial profiles and review pharmacological study models considering possible microbial effects. This review therefore, emphasize on the timely and critically needed evidence-based phytochemical studies focusing on gut microbiota and will provide newer insights for future pre-clinical and clinical phytopharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyankar Dey
- Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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Fang Y, Cao W, Liang F, Xia M, Pan S, Xu X. Structure affinity relationship and docking studies of flavonoids as substrates of multidrug-resistant associated protein 2 (MRP2) in MDCK/MRP2 cells. Food Chem 2019; 291:101-109. [PMID: 31006447 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.03.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to determine the relationship of flavonoid structures to their affinity for an important efflux transporter, multidrug-resistant associated protein 2 (MRP2). The cellular uptake (CU) of 35 flavonoids was investigated in MRP2 overexpression MDCK/MRP2 cells. Resulting data identified 8 flavonoids as MRP2 substrates based on their high CUMK with MK-571 in MDCK/MRP2 cells. Also, three substrates showed better CUMD in MDCK cells than did CUMRP in MDCK/MRP2 cells. Docking analyses showed a good correlation (R = 0.926, p = 0.003) between efflux-fold of flavonoid substrates and their docking S_scoring with the MRP2 model, indicating consistency between in silico and in vitro approaches. A structure affinity relationship (SAR) study indicated that 3-OH, 5-OH, 6-OH, 3'-OH, and 4'-OCH3 substituents were favourable while, 8-OCH3, 2'-OH, 3'-OCH3, 4'-OH and 5'-OH were unfavourable for flavonoid affinity to MRP2. Our study provides valuable information for dietary application of flavonoids with specific structures for high absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Weiwei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Fuqiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Mengmeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Siyi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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Kyriacou MC, El-Nakhel C, Graziani G, Pannico A, Soteriou GA, Giordano M, Ritieni A, De Pascale S, Rouphael Y. Functional quality in novel food sources: Genotypic variation in the nutritive and phytochemical composition of thirteen microgreens species. Food Chem 2018; 277:107-118. [PMID: 30502125 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Compositional variation was examined across 13 microgreens species/subspecies representing Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae and Apiaceae, grown in controlled environment. Macro-mineral concentrations were determined by ion chromatography, chlorophyll and ascorbate concentrations, and hydrophilic/lipophilic antioxidant potentials by spectrophotometry, and major carotenoids by HPLC-DAD. Nitrate hyper-accumulators and wide genotypic differences in Na, K and S concentrations were identified. Antioxidant capacity was highest in brassicaceous microgreens and significant genotypic variation was demonstrated in chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations. High phenolic content was confirmed in Lamiaceae microgreens, with significant varietal differences, and alternative phenolics-rich microgreens from the Apiaceae were identified. Twenty-eight phenolic compounds were variably detected and quantitated through Orbitrap LC-MS/MS with flavonol glycosides, flavones and flavone glycosides, and hydroxycinnamic acids representing 67.6, 24.8 and 7.6% of the mean total phenolic content across species, respectively. The obtained information is critical for selecting new species/varieties of microgreens that may satisfy demand for both taste and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios C Kyriacou
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Christophe El-Nakhel
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Giulia Graziani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Pannico
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Georgios A Soteriou
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Giordano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Alberto Ritieni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania De Pascale
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy.
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de Carvalho MVO, de Oliveira LDL, Costa AM. Effect of training system and climate conditions on phytochemicals of Passiflora setacea, a wild Passiflora from Brazilian savannah. Food Chem 2018; 266:350-358. [PMID: 30381197 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Passiflora setacea is a Brazilian savannah fruit known as a good source of phytochemicals. The phytochemical composition is influenced by environmental factors and management techniques such as training system. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of training system (espalier or trellis) and environmental factors (temperature, precipitation and sunlight exposure) on antioxidant capacity and bioactive composition of P. setacea pulp. Total phenolic compounds (TP), proantocyanidins (PA), total flavonoids (TF), vitamin C and total antioxidant activity were analyzed. Five flavonoids (orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, isovitexin and hesperetin) were determined by HPLC-DAD, using calibration curves. Training system presented no effects on TP, PA, TF and antioxidant activity, whereas rainy season year 2 increased FRAP values, TF, orientin, isovitexin and hesperetin content, which could be associate to climate stressful condition leading to higher levels of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Veras Oliveira de Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910900, Brazil.
| | - Lívia de Lacerda de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910900, Brazil.
| | - Ana Maria Costa
- Embrapa Cerrados, BR 020, Km18, Laboratory of Food Science, Planaltina, Federal District 73310970, Brazil.
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Félix-Silva J, Gomes JAS, Fernandes JM, Moura AKC, Menezes YAS, Santos ECG, Tambourgi DV, Silva-Junior AA, Zucolotto SM, Fernandes-Pedrosa MF. Comparison of two Jatropha species (Euphorbiaceae) used popularly to treat snakebites in Northeastern Brazil: Chemical profile, inhibitory activity against Bothrops erythromelas venom and antibacterial activity. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 213:12-20. [PMID: 29113958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jatropha species (Euphorbiaceae) are largely used in traditional medicine to treat different pathologies in Africa, Asia and Latin America. In Northeastern Brazilian folk medicine, several Jatropha species, such as Jatropha gossypiifolia L. and Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill., are indistinctly used to treat snakebites. AIM OF THE STUDY To compare two of the Brazilian most used Jatropha species for snakebites (J. gossypiifolia and J. mollissima), in relation to their ability to inhibit local edematogenic activity of Bothrops erythromelas snake venom in mice, their in vitro antibacterial activity and phytochemical profile. MATERIAL AND METHODS Aqueous leaf extracts of J. gossypiifolia (AEJg) and J. mollissima (AEJm) were prepared by decoction. AEJg and AEJm were compared chemically, by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis. They were also pharmacologically compared, using the mouse model of paw edema induced by Bothrops erythromelas snake venom (BeV), and in vitro by broth microdilution and agar dilution antimicrobial tests. RESULTS Flavonoids were detected as the major compounds in both extracts. However, AEJg and AEJm showed quantitatively different chemical profiles by HPLC-DAD. AEJg presented fewer peaks of flavonoids than AEJm, however, when the intensity of peaks were analyzed, these compounds were at high concentration in AEJg, even using the same concentration of both extracts. Differences were also observed in the biological activity of the two extracts. While no difference was observed when the extracts were administered by oral route (P > 0.05), by the intraperitoneal route AEJg presented anti-edematogenic activity significantly (P < 0.001) higher than AEJm. In antimicrobial assays, only AEJg presented antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. CONCLUSIONS Although used indistinctly by folk medicine, our results suggested that AEJg is more active than AEJm in relation to its antiedematogenic and antibacterial activities. Significant differences were observed in their phytochemical profiles, especially a higher content of C-glycosylated flavonoids in the most active species, which could justify the different biological effects observed. These findings strengthen the potentiality of J. gossypiifolia species for use as complementary treatment for local effects induced by Bothrops venoms and could be helpful for distinction of the species and control quality assessment of future herbal medicines based on Jatropha plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Félix-Silva
- Laboratório de Tecnologia & Biotecnologia Farmacêutica (TecBioFar), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil; Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Jacyra A S Gomes
- Laboratório de Tecnologia & Biotecnologia Farmacêutica (TecBioFar), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil; Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Júlia M Fernandes
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais Bioativos (PNBio), Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Angela K C Moura
- Laboratório de Tecnologia & Biotecnologia Farmacêutica (TecBioFar), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil; Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Yamara A S Menezes
- Laboratório de Tecnologia & Biotecnologia Farmacêutica (TecBioFar), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil; Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Elizabeth C G Santos
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | | | - Arnóbio A Silva-Junior
- Laboratório de Tecnologia & Biotecnologia Farmacêutica (TecBioFar), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Silvana M Zucolotto
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais Bioativos (PNBio), Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Matheus F Fernandes-Pedrosa
- Laboratório de Tecnologia & Biotecnologia Farmacêutica (TecBioFar), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil; Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
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Nunes MA, Rodrigues F, Alves RC, Oliveira MBPP. Herbal products containing Hibiscus sabdariffa L., Crataegus spp., and Panax spp.: Labeling and safety concerns. Food Res Int 2017; 100:529-540. [PMID: 28873717 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Herbs have been used from ancient times for infusion preparation based on their potential health effects. In particular, the consumption of Hibiscus sabdariffa L., Crataegus spp. and Panax spp. has been largely associated to cardiovascular benefits. In this work, the label information of 52 herbal products for infusion preparation containing the referred herbs was analyzed and discussed, taking into consideration the European Union regulation for herbal products, which intends to protect public health and harmonize the legal framework in Member States. Details about the cardiovascular-related statements and warning notifications about consumption were considered. Also, regulatory issues and possible herb-drug interactions were explored and discussed. A total of 14 of the 52 herbal products selected presented health claims/statements on the label. Hibiscus was present in the majority of the products and, in some cases, it was mentioned only in the ingredients list and not on the product front-of-pack. Despite the promising outcomes of these plants to modulate cardiovascular risk markers, consumers with some sort of cardiovascular dysfunction and/or under medication treatments should be aware to carefully analyze the labels and consult additional information related to these herbal products. Manufacturers have also a huge responsibility to inform consumers by presenting awareness statements. Lastly, health professionals must advise and alert their patients about possible interactions that could occur between the concomitant consumption of drugs and herbs. Overall, there is still a real need of additional studies and clinical trials to better understand herbs effects and establish a science-based guidance to assess their safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antónia Nunes
- REQUIMTE, LAQV/Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE, LAQV/Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita C Alves
- REQUIMTE, LAQV/Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Maria Beatriz P P Oliveira
- REQUIMTE, LAQV/Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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10
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Ouelbani R, Bensari S, Mouas TN, Khelifi D. Ethnobotanical investigations on plants used in folk medicine in the regions of Constantine and Mila (North-East of Algeria). J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 194:196-218. [PMID: 27592312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Constantine and Mila regions have been investigated in an ethnobotanical study for the first time. A total of 102 medicinal plants have been cited to treat human ailments. Twenty-eight new species of 31 common plants with 151 new therapeutic applications and 12 new cited species including one endemic specie Zygophyllum cornutum Coss were found as compared to other Algerian regions. In addition, to the best of our knowledge, 369 new medicinal uses of 75 known plants, were reported for the first time in the Mediterranean basin. AIM OF THE STUDY This study is aimed at contributing to safeguard world cultural heritage and document ethnomedicinal uses of plants in Algeria and the Mediterranean basin; data on the national and global uses in the world were obtained to extract new potential species for further phytochemical and clinical investigations. MATERIALS AND METHODS The survey was carried out in two cities in the northeast of Algeria: Constantine and Mila. It was based on semi-structured interviews of 79 local informants. Data were analyzed using quantitative indices, namely, informant consensus factor, fidelity level (FL), use value (UV), and relative frequency citation (RFC), to evaluate the reliability and richness of herbal knowledge in the region. RESULTS The interviewed persons used 102 plant species belonging to 90 genera and distributed among 53 families, represented mainly by Lamiaceae, Apiaceae, and Asteraceae (30%, 13%, and 10%, respectively), which were used to treat 14 ailment categories. The category of most frequent ailments (16%) was digestive disorders (diarrhea, constipation, and stomach bloating). The highest RFC was found for Origanum glandulosum Desf. With regard to the fidelity level, a higher FL was found for Tilia cordata Mill. (100%), followed by Artemisia herba alba Asso. with an FL of 95.74% and Punica granatum L. with an FL of 93.09%) to treat gastrointestinal system diseases, and Aloe sp. L. with an FL of 96.67% for skin diseases. The highest UV was found for Origanum glandulosum Desf. (2.280). Moreover, new medicinal uses were recorded for the first time in Algeria and Mediterranean regions. CONCLUSION The present study has highlighted the rich herbal knowledge about newfound medicinal plants and their new uses in the Mediterranean region, which could be useful not only in facilitating other studies such as phytochemical and pharmacological investigations and upgrading the sources of biomolecules beneficial to people but also in reopening discussion on pharmacovigilance in herbal medicine as an imperative requirement for local authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayene Ouelbani
- Laboratory of Génétique, Biochimie et Biotechnologies Végétales GBBV, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Frères Mentouri Constantine1, Algeria.
| | - Souheir Bensari
- Laboratory of Génétique, Biochimie et Biotechnologies Végétales GBBV, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Frères Mentouri Constantine1, Algeria.
| | - Toma Nardjes Mouas
- Laboratory of Génétique, Biochimie et Biotechnologies Végétales GBBV, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Frères Mentouri Constantine1, Algeria.
| | - Douadi Khelifi
- Laboratory of Génétique, Biochimie et Biotechnologies Végétales GBBV, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Frères Mentouri Constantine1, Algeria.
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11
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Luo J, Cai W, Wu T, Xu B. Phytochemical distribution in hull and cotyledon of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis L.) and mung bean (Vigna radiate L.), and their contribution to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities. Food Chem 2016; 201:350-60. [PMID: 26868587 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Total saponin content, total phenolics content, total flavonoids content, condensed tannin content in hull, cotyledon and whole grain of both adzuki bean and mung bean were determined by colorimetric methods. Vitexin and isovitexin contents in mung bean were determined by HPLC. Antioxidant effects were evaluated with DPPH scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. In vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects of beans were evaluated by protease and aldose reductase inhibitory assays, respectively. The results indicated that the bean hulls were the most abundant in phytochemicals and largely contributed antioxidant activities, anti-inflammatory effects and anti-diabetic effects of whole grains. The result showed that mung bean hull was the most abundant with vitexin at 37.43 mg/g and isovitexin at 47.18 mg/g, respectively. Most of the phytochemicals and bioactivities were most predominantly contributed by the bean hulls with exception for condensed tannin of mung bean; which was more abundant in the cotyledon than its hull.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiang Luo
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519085, China; Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Weixi Cai
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519085, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519085, China; Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519085, China.
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12
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Kiprovski B, Mikulic-Petkovsek M, Slatnar A, Veberic R, Stampar F, Malencic D, Latkovic D. Comparison of phenolic profiles and antioxidant properties of European Fagopyrum esculentum cultivars. Food Chem 2015; 185:41-7. [PMID: 25952839 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate composition and content of phenolic compounds in seeds of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) cultivars from Western, Central and Southeastern Europe grown in the Balkan area, and to compare them with cultivars from the Balkan. Mostly detected hydroxycinnamic acids in seeds of the investigated cultivars were caffeic and chlorogenic acid derivatives. More than ten different flavanols were detected in the investigated seeds, based on which all tested buckwheat cultivars were divided into two groups: those with high propelargonidins (epiafzelechin-epicatechin) and those with high procyanidins contents. 'Novosadska' had the highest level of phenolic acids, proanthocyanidins, flavones and most of the flavonols. However, 'Bosna 1' and 'Bosna 2' were highlighted with the greatest rutin content (up to 46 times higher than in other cultivars). All buckwheat cultivars had quite high antioxidant capacity (more than 80% of neutralized radicals), yet, 'Novosadska', 'Godijevo', 'Spacinska 1' and 'Bamby' excelled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Kiprovski
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Agronomy, Chair for Fruit, Wine and Vegetable Growing, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Slatnar
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Agronomy, Chair for Fruit, Wine and Vegetable Growing, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Veberic
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Agronomy, Chair for Fruit, Wine and Vegetable Growing, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Franci Stampar
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Agronomy, Chair for Fruit, Wine and Vegetable Growing, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Djordje Malencic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dragana Latkovic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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13
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Hong C, Dang Y, Lin G, Yao Y, Li G, Ji G, Shen H, Xie Y. Effects of stabilizing agents on the development of myricetin nanosuspension and its characterization: an in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Int J Pharm 2014; 477:251-60. [PMID: 25445518 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Although myricetin has various pharmacological applications, it shows low oral bioavailability (<10%) in rats due to its poor aqueous solubility. To overcome this issue, myricetin nanosuspensions were developed and the effects of stabilizers were investigated. Based on the particle size and zeta potential, stabilizers soya lecithin, TPGS, HP-β-CD, and/or a combination thereof were used. The prepared nanosuspensions were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The resulting myricetin nanosuspensions contained particles in the size range of 300-500 nm and were physically stable. Myricetin was partially transformed from crystalline to amorphous forms in the presence of different excipients after the nanosizing process. The solubility and in vitro dissolution of all myricetin nanosuspensions were greatly increased compared with those of the myricetin powder. Consequently, the relative bioavailability in rats were 2.44, 3.57, 1.61, and 2.96 for nanosuspensions stabilized with TPGS, soya lecithin, soya lecithin+TPGS, and HP-β-CD+TPGS, respectively, relative to that of the coarse myricetin. This research demonstrated that nanosuspension is a promising strategy for delivering poor water-soluble drugs such as myricetin and that stabilizers played a critical role in the formulation design of myricetin nanosuspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hong
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yang Dang
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guobei Lin
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yashu Yao
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guowen Li
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai TCM-integrated Hospital, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Long Hua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongyi Shen
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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