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Walesch S, Garcia R, Mahmoud AB, Panter F, Bollenbach S, Mäser P, Kaiser M, Krug D, Müller R. New myxobacteria of the Myxococcaceae clade produce angiolams with antiparasitic activities. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0368923. [PMID: 38298128 PMCID: PMC10913735 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03689-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past century, microbial natural products have proven themselves to be substantial and fruitful sources of anti-infectives. In addition to the well-studied Actinobacteria, understudied bacterial taxa like the Gram-negative myxobacteria have increasingly gained attention in the ongoing search for novel and biologically active natural products. In the course of a regional sampling campaign to source novel myxobacteria, we recently uncovered new myxobacterial strains MCy12716 and MCy12733 belonging to the Myxococcaceae clade. Early bioactivity screens of the bacterial extracts revealed the presence of bioactive natural products that were identified as angiolam A and several novel derivatives. Sequencing of the corresponding producer strains allowed the identification of the angiolam biosynthetic gene cluster, which was verified by targeted gene inactivation. Based on bioinformatic analysis of the biosynthetic gene cluster, a concise biosynthesis model was devised to explain angiolam biosynthesis. Importantly, novel angiolam derivatives uncovered in this study named angiolams B, C, and D were found to display promising antiparasitic activities against the malaria pathogen Plasmodium falciparum in the 0.3-0.8 µM range.IMPORTANCEThe COVID-19 pandemic and continuously emerging antimicrobial resistance (AMR) have recently raised awareness about limited treatment options against infectious diseases. However, the shortage of treatment options against protozoal parasitic infections, like malaria, is much more severe, especially for the treatment of so-called neglected tropical diseases. The detection of anti-parasitic bioactivities of angiolams produced by MCy12716 and MCy12733 displays the hidden potential of scarcely studied natural products to have promising biological activities in understudied indications. Furthermore, the improved biological activities of novel angiolam derivatives against Plasmodium falciparum and the evaluation of its biosynthesis display the opportunities of the angiolam scaffold on route to treat protozoal parasitic infections as well as possible ways to increase the production of derivatives with improved bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Walesch
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
- DZIF-German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ronald Garcia
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
- DZIF-German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Abdelhalim B. Mahmoud
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
- DZIF-German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Fabian Panter
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
- DZIF-German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sophie Bollenbach
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
- DZIF-German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Pascal Mäser
- Parasite Chemotherapy Unit, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Parasite Chemotherapy Unit, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Krug
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
- DZIF-German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University Campus, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
- DZIF-German Center for Infection Research, partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Kaur B, Blavo C, Parmar MS. Ivermectin: A Multifaceted Drug With a Potential Beyond Anti-parasitic Therapy. Cureus 2024; 16:e56025. [PMID: 38606261 PMCID: PMC11008553 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Ivermectin was first discovered in the 1970s by Japanese microbiologist Satoshi Omura and Irish parasitologist William C. Campbell. Ivermectin has become a versatile pharmaceutical over the past 50 years. Ivermectin is a derivative of avermectin originally used to treat parasitic infections. Emerging literature has suggested that its role goes beyond this and may help treat inflammatory conditions, viral infections, and cancers. Ivermectin's anti-parasitic, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and anticancer effects were explored. Its traditional mechanism of action in parasitic diseases, such as scabies and malaria, rests on its ability to interfere with the glutamate-gated chloride channels in invertebrates and the lack of P-glycoprotein in many parasites. More recently, it has been discovered that the ability of ivermectin to block the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of the activated B (NF-κB) pathway that modulates the expression and production of proinflammatory cytokines is implicated in its role as an anti-inflammatory agent to treat rosacea. Ivermectin has also been evaluated for treating infections caused by viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2 and adenoviruses, through inhibition of viral protein transportation and acting on the importin α/β1 interface. It has also been suggested that ivermectin can inhibit the proliferation of tumorigenic cells through various pathways that lead to the management of certain cancers. The review aimed to evaluate its multifaceted effects and potential clinical applications beyond its traditional use as an anthelmintic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baneet Kaur
- Department of Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, USA
| | - Cyril Blavo
- Department of Public Health, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, USA
| | - Mayur S Parmar
- Department of Foundational Sciences, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Clearwater, USA
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da Silva LCN, Sahal D, Panda SK. Editorial: Developing Medicines (Drugs) derived from the Asteraceae-an opportunity in ethnopharmacology, Volume II. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1285815. [PMID: 37841909 PMCID: PMC10569686 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1285815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dinkar Sahal
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujogya Kumar Panda
- Centre of Environment Climate Change & Public Health, RUSA 2.0, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India
- Department of Zoology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India
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Liu GL, Zhang H, Zhu LL, Liu XD, Liu YJ, Chen YH, Liu L, Hu Y. Synthesis and anti-parasites efficacy of coumarin derivatives against Dactylogyrus intermedius. J Fish Dis 2023; 46:967-976. [PMID: 37329523 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Dactylogyrus is one of the most common parasitic diseases in fish and causes huge losses to the aquaculture industry. With the advantages of safety, low toxicity and easy degradation, plant-derived drugs are ideal for the creation of green aquatic ingredients. The use of plant-derived drugs in aquaculture is limited by their low content and high processing costs, which is a challenge that can be solved by the chemical synthesis of plant-derived drugs. Eleven new coumarin derivatives were synthesized and assessed for their anthelmintic activity in this study. Among them, the derivative 7-((1-tosyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-2H-chromen-2-one (N11) has good anthelmintic activity and its mean anthelmintic efficacy against D. intermedius at a concentration of 10 μM reached 99.84%, which is even better than the anthelmintic activity of the positive control mebendazole. Further studies showed that N11 had concentration values of 3.31 and 1.94 μM for 50% maximal effect (EC50 ) against D. intermedius at 24 and 48 h, respectively. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy revealed that N11 caused damage to D. intermedius. What is more noteworthy is that a substantial reduction in the ATP content of the parasite was observed following in vitro and in vivo administration of N11. Moreover, it was also found that N11 was able to inhibit the horizontal transmission of D. intermedius. Furthermore, real-time quantitative PCR analysis was utilized to determine the expression profile of genes associated with anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β and IL-4) in goldfish. In all examined organs, it was observed that the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines increased subsequent to treatment with N11, according to the results. Thus, these results all suggest that N11 possesses good anthelmintic activity and is a potentially effective agent for the control of D. intermedius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Institute of Medicinal Development and Application for Aquatic Disease Control, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Zhoukou Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Development and Application, Zhoukou, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Institute of Medicinal Development and Application for Aquatic Disease Control, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Zhoukou Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Development and Application, Zhoukou, China
| | - Li-Li Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Institute of Medicinal Development and Application for Aquatic Disease Control, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Zhoukou Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Development and Application, Zhoukou, China
| | - Xu-Dong Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Institute of Medicinal Development and Application for Aquatic Disease Control, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Zhoukou Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Development and Application, Zhoukou, China
| | - Yan-Jie Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Institute of Medicinal Development and Application for Aquatic Disease Control, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Zhoukou Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Development and Application, Zhoukou, China
| | - Ya-Hong Chen
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Institute of Medicinal Development and Application for Aquatic Disease Control, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Zhoukou Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Drug Development and Application, Zhoukou, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Meishan Campus, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Guzmán C, Villalobos N, Ortiz Caltempa A, Hernández M, Núñez G, Salazar J, Bobes RJ, Fragoso G, Sciutto E, Villarreal ML. In Vitro and In Vivo Cysticidal Effects of Carica Papaya Cell Suspensions. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0051722. [PMID: 37341599 PMCID: PMC10353365 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00517-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Parasitic diseases are a major public health problem worldwide. Plant-derived products appear to be ideal candidates from a biotechnological perspective, being sustainable and environmentally friendly. The antiparasitic properties of Carica papaya have been attributed to some of its components, including papain and other compounds that are concentrated in the latex and seeds. This study demonstrated in vitro a high and insignificantly different cysticidal activity of soluble extract that was obtained after the disruption of nontransformed wild-type (WT) cells as well as transformed papaya calluses (PC-9, PC-12, and PC-23) and papaya cell suspensions (CS-9, CS-12, and CS-23). In vivo, cell suspensions of CS-WT and CS-23 that had been previously lyophilized were tested with respect to their cysticidal effects, compared with those of three commercial antiparasitic drugs. CS-WT and CS-23 together reduced the number of cysticerci, the number of buds, and the percentage of calcified cysticerci in a similar extent to albendazole and niclosamide, whereas ivermectin was less effective. Mice were then orally immunized with CS-23 that expressed the anti-cysticercal KETc7 antigen (10 μg/mouse), CS-WT (10 mg/mouse), or both together to evaluate their preventive properties. CS-23 and CS-WT significantly reduced the expected parasite and increased the percentage of calcified cysticerci as well as recovery, being more effective when employed together. The results reported in this study support the feasibility of the development of an anti-cysticercosis vaccine from cells of C. papaya in in vitro cultures, as they are a source of an anthelmintic, natural, and reproducible product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Guzmán
- Biotechnology Research Center, Autonomous University of the State of Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Nelly Villalobos
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria. Alcaldia Coyoacan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anabel Ortiz Caltempa
- Biotechnology Research Center, Autonomous University of the State of Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Marisela Hernández
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Núñez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Academic Unit No. 2, Autonomous University of Guerrero, Cuajinicuilapa, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Juan Salazar
- Research Direction, La Salle University, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Raúl José Bobes
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gladis Fragoso
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Edda Sciutto
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Luisa Villarreal
- Biotechnology Research Center, Autonomous University of the State of Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Bouabdallah S, Cianfaglione K, Azzouz M, Batiha GES, Alkhuriji AF, Al-Megrin WAI, Ben-Attia M, Eldahshan OA. Sustainable Extraction, Chemical Profile, Cytotoxic and Antileishmanial Activities In-Vitro of Some Citrus Species Leaves Essential Oils. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091163. [PMID: 36145384 PMCID: PMC9501829 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-leishmanial drugs extracted from natural sources have not been sufficiently explored in the literature. Until now, leishmaniasis treatments have been limited to synthetic and expensive drugs. This study investigated, for the first time, the anti-leishmanial efficacy of essential oils (EOs) from the leaves of Citrus species (C. sinensis, C. limon, and C. clementina). Essential oils were extracted from three species by solvent free microwave extraction (SFME); in addition, lemon oil was also isolated by hydro-distillation (HD). These were investigated using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and evaluated against Leishmania species, namely Leishmania major and Leishmania infantum, using a mitochondrial tetrazolium test (MTT) assay. The chemical compositions of Citrus limon EOs obtained by HD and SFME showed some differences. The identified peaks of C. limon (SFME) represented 93.96%, where linalool was the major peak (44.21%), followed by sabinene (14.22%) and ocimene (6.09%). While the hydro-distilled oil of C. limon contained geranial (30.08%), limonene (27.09%), and neral (22.87%) in the identified peaks (96.67%). The identified components of C. clementina leaves oil (68.54%) showed twenty-six compounds, where the predominant compound was geranial (42.40%), followed by neral (26.79%) and limonene (14.48%). However, 89.82% C. sinensis oil was identified, where the major peaks were for neral (27.52%), linalool (25.83%), and geranial (23.44%). HD oil of lemon showed the highest activity against L. major, with moderate toxicity on murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells, and possessed the best selectivity index on both Leishmanial species (SI: 3.68; 6.38), followed by C. clementina oil and C. limon using SFME (0.9 ± 0.29, 1.03 ± 0.27, and 1.13 ± 0.3), respectively. C. clementina oil induced the greatest activity on Leishmania infantum, followed by HD lemon and SFME lemon oils (0.32 ± 0.18, 0.52 ± 0.15, and 0.57 ± 0.09, respectively) when compared to Amphotericin B (0.80 ± 0.18 and 0.23 ± 0.13) as a positive control, on both species, respectively. Our study suggests a potent anti-leishmanial activity of lemon oil (HD) on L. major, followed by C. clementina. With the same potency on L. infantum shown by C. clementina oil, followed by HD lemon oil. This effect could be attributed to the major compounds of limonene, citral, and neral, as well as the synergistic effect of other different compounds. These observations could be a starting point for the building of new anti-leishmanial drugs from natural origins, and which combine different EOs containing Citrus cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Bouabdallah
- Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory LBE (LR01/ES14), Faculty of Sciences Bizerta, Carthage University, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (O.A.E.)
| | | | - Myriam Azzouz
- Department of Mathematics Computer Science, Paris Dauphine University, F-75016 Paris, France
- Multiverse Computing 170, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Afrah Fahad Alkhuriji
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa Abdullah I. Al-Megrin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mossadok Ben-Attia
- Environmental Biomonitoring Laboratory LBE (LR01/ES14), Faculty of Sciences Bizerta, Carthage University, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| | - Omayma A. Eldahshan
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.B.); (O.A.E.)
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Patil K, Mallya R. Genus Zanthoxylum as Sources of Drugs for Treatment of Tropical Parasitic Diseases. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2022; 19:e040322201773. [PMID: 35249493 DOI: 10.2174/1570163819666220304203504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The tropical parasitic infections account to more than 2 billion infections and cause substantial morbidity and mortality, and accounts to several million deaths every year. Majorly parasitic infections in humans and animals are caused by protozoa and helminths. Chronic infections in host can cause retardation, impairment of cognitive skills, development in young children and weaken the immune system. The burden is felt to a greater extent in developing countries due to poverty, inaccessibility to medicines and resistance observed to drugs. Thus, human health continues to be severely harmed by parasitic infections. Medicinal plants have received much attention as alternative sources of drugs. Zanthoxylum genus has been used ethnobotanically as an antiparasitic agent and the phytoconstituents in Zanthoxylum, show wide variety of chemical substances with proven pharmacological actions such as alkaloids (isoquinolines and quinolines responsible for antitumor activity, antimalarial, antioxidant and antimicrobial actions), lignans, coumarins (antibacterial, antitumour, vasodilatory and anticoagulant activities), alkamide (strong insecticidal properties, anthelminthic, antitussive and analgesic anti antimalarial property). Therefore, this article is an attempt to review the existing literature that emphasizes on potential of genus Zanthoxylum as source of lead compounds for treatment of parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Patil
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Rashmi Mallya
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
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Staffen IV, Banhuk FW, Tomiotto-Pellissier F, da Silva Bortoleti BT, Pavanelli WR, Ayala TS, Menolli RA. Chalcone-rich extracts from Lonchocarpus cultratus roots present in vitro leishmanicidal and immunomodulatory activity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:77-87. [PMID: 34791343 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro anti-Leishmania activity of chalcone-rich three extracts (LDR, LHR and LMR) from Lonchocarpus cultratus (Vell.) A.M.G. Azevedo & H.C. Lima against L. amazonensis. Also, the immunomodulatory and antioxidant capacity was assessed. METHODS Successive extraction with hexane, dichloromethane and methanol were performed to obtain LHR, LDR and LMR extracts from L. cultratus roots, which were characterized by 1H NMR. Promastigotes, amastigotes and peritoneal macrophages were exposed to crescent concentrations of the three extracts, and after incubation, the inhibition rates were determined to both types of cells, and morphological analyses were performed on the parasite. The immunomodulatory activity was determined against stimulated macrophages. KEY FINDINGS LDR, LHR and LMR inhibited promastigote cell growth (IC50 0.62 ± 0.3, 0.94 ± 0.5 and 1.28 ± 0.73 µg/ml, respectively) and reduced the number of amastigotes inside macrophages (IC50 1.36 ± 0.14, 1.54 ± 0.26 and 4.09 ± 0.88 µg/ml, respectively). The cytotoxicity against murine macrophages resulted in a CC50 of 13.12 ± 1.92, 92.93 ± 9.1 and >300 µg/ml, resulting in high selectivity index to promastigotes and amastigotes. The extracts also inhibited the nitric oxide secretion in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The antioxidant capacity resulted in a higher scavenger LMR ability. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that L. cultratus extracts have anti-Leishmania potential, are non-toxic, and immunosuppress macrophages in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Virginia Staffen
- Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Weyand Banhuk
- Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Postgraduate Program, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Molecular Virology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Bruna Taciane da Silva Bortoleti
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Postgraduate Program, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Molecular Virology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Wander Rogério Pavanelli
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Postgraduate Program, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thaís Soprani Ayala
- Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rafael Andrade Menolli
- Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
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Cook AD, Roberts AJ, Atherton J, Tewari R, Topf M, Moores CA. Cryo-EM structure of a microtubule-bound parasite kinesin motor and implications for its mechanism and inhibition. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101063. [PMID: 34375637 PMCID: PMC8526983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium parasites cause malaria and are responsible annually for hundreds of thousands of deaths. Kinesins are a superfamily of microtubule-dependent ATPases that play important roles in the parasite replicative machinery, which is a potential target for antiparasite drugs. Kinesin-5, a molecular motor that cross-links microtubules, is an established antimitotic target in other disease contexts, but its mechanism in Plasmodium falciparum is unclear. Here, we characterized P. falciparum kinesin-5 (PfK5) using cryo-EM to determine the motor's nucleotide-dependent microtubule-bound structure and introduced 3D classification of individual motors into our microtubule image processing pipeline to maximize our structural insights. Despite sequence divergence in PfK5, the motor exhibits classical kinesin mechanochemistry, including ATP-induced subdomain rearrangement and cover neck bundle formation, consistent with its plus-ended directed motility. We also observed that an insertion in loop5 of the PfK5 motor domain creates a different environment in the well-characterized human kinesin-5 drug-binding site. Our data reveal the possibility for selective inhibition of PfK5 and can be used to inform future exploration of Plasmodium kinesins as antiparasite targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Cook
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony J Roberts
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Atherton
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rita Tewari
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Maya Topf
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carolyn A Moores
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
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10
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El-Dirany R, Shahrour H, Dirany Z, Abdel-Sater F, Gonzalez-Gaitano G, Brandenburg K, Martinez de Tejada G, Nguewa PA. Activity of Anti-Microbial Peptides (AMPs) against Leishmania and Other Parasites: An Overview. Biomolecules 2021; 11:984. [PMID: 34356608 PMCID: PMC8301979 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-microbial peptides (AMPs), small biologically active molecules, produced by different organisms through their innate immune system, have become a considerable subject of interest in the request of novel therapeutics. Most of these peptides are cationic-amphipathic, exhibiting two main mechanisms of action, direct lysis and by modulating the immunity. The most commonly reported activity of AMPs is their anti-bacterial effects, although other effects, such as anti-fungal, anti-viral, and anti-parasitic, as well as anti-tumor mechanisms of action have also been described. Their anti-parasitic effect against leishmaniasis has been studied. Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease. Currently among parasitic diseases, it is the second most threating illness after malaria. Clinical treatments, mainly antimonial derivatives, are related to drug resistance and some undesirable effects. Therefore, the development of new therapeutic agents has become a priority, and AMPs constitute a promising alternative. In this work, we describe the principal families of AMPs (melittin, cecropin, cathelicidin, defensin, magainin, temporin, dermaseptin, eumenitin, and histatin) exhibiting a potential anti-leishmanial activity, as well as their effectiveness against other microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima El-Dirany
- ISTUN Instituto de Salud Tropical, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
- Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon; (H.S.); (F.A.-S.)
| | - Hawraa Shahrour
- Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon; (H.S.); (F.A.-S.)
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
| | - Zeinab Dirany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (Z.D.); (G.G.-G.)
| | - Fadi Abdel-Sater
- Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon; (H.S.); (F.A.-S.)
| | - Gustavo Gonzalez-Gaitano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, 31080 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (Z.D.); (G.G.-G.)
| | - Klaus Brandenburg
- Brandenburg Antiinfektiva GmbH, c/o Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz Lungenzentrum, 23845 Borstel, Germany;
| | - Guillermo Martinez de Tejada
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
| | - Paul A. Nguewa
- ISTUN Instituto de Salud Tropical, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
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11
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Kang CNY, Shah M, Tan J. Rosacea: An Update in Diagnosis, Classification and Management. Skin Therapy Lett 2021; 26:1-8. [PMID: 34347259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis and classification of rosacea has been modified to reflect presenting features. On exclusion of differentials, the diagnosis of rosacea is based on the presence of either (1) phymatous changes, or (2) centrofacial persistent erythema. In their absence, diagnosis can be established by presence of any two of: flushing/transient erythema, papules and pustules, telangiectases, or ocular manifestations. Management of rosacea depends on presenting feature(s), their severity, and impact. General management includes gentle skin care, sun protection, and trigger avoidance. Evidence-based treatment recommendations include topical brimonidine and oxymetazoline for persistent erythema; topical azelaic acid, ivermectin, metronidazole, minocycline and oral doxycycline, tetracycline and isotretinoin for papules and pustules; vascular lasers and light devices for telangiectases; and omega-3 fatty acids and cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion for ocular rosacea. While surgical or laser therapy can be considered for clinically noninflamed phyma, there are no trials on their utility. Combination therapies include topical brimonidine with topical ivermectin, or topical metronidazole with oral doxycycline. Topical metronidazole, topical ivermectin, and topical azelaic acid are appropriate for maintenance therapy. In conclusion, the updated phenotype approach, based on presenting clinical features, is the foundation for current diagnosis, classification, and treatment of rosacea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica Shah
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jerry Tan
- Windsor Clinical Research, Windsor, ON, Canada
- Western University, Schulich School of Medicine, Windsor, ON, Canada
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Abstract
An estimated 15% of animals are venomous, with representatives spread across the majority of animal lineages. Animals use venoms for various purposes, such as prey capture and predator deterrence. Humans have always been fascinated by venomous animals in a Janus-faced way. On the one hand, humans have a deeply rooted fear of venomous animals. This is boosted by their largely negative image in public media and the fact that snakes alone cause an annual global death toll in the hundreds of thousands, with even more people being left disabled or disfigured. Consequently, snake envenomation has recently been reclassified by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease. On the other hand, there has been a growth in recent decades in the global scene of enthusiasts keeping venomous snakes, spiders, scorpions, and centipedes in captivity as pets. Recent scientific research has focussed on utilising animal venoms and toxins for the benefit of humanity in the form of molecular research tools, novel diagnostics and therapeutics, biopesticides, or anti-parasitic treatments. Continued research into developing efficient and safe antivenoms and promising discoveries of beneficial effects of animal toxins is further tipping the scales in favour of the “cure” rather than the “curse” prospect of venoms.
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13
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Venmathi Maran BA, Josmeh D, Tan JK, Yong YS, Shah MD. Efficacy of the Aqueous Extract of Azadirachta indica Against the Marine Parasitic Leech and Its Phytochemical Profiling. Molecules 2021; 26:1908. [PMID: 33805254 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Zeylanicobdella arugamensis (Hirudinea), a marine parasitic leech, not only resulted in the mortality of the host fish (Groupers) but also caused economic losses. The current study aimed to elucidate the antiparasitic efficacy of the aqueous extract of the Azadirachta indica leaves against Z. arugamensis and to profile the composition via LC-Q Exactive HF Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Different concentrations (25, 50 and 100 mg/mL) of A. indica extract were prepared and tested on the parasitic leeches. The total mortality of leeches was noticed with an exposure to the A. indica aqueous extract. The average times required for the aqueous extract at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/mL to kill the leeches were 42.65 ± 9.20, 11.69 ± 1.11 and 6.45 ± 0.45 min, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner. The Orbitrap mass spectrometry analysis indicated the presence of five flavonoids (myricetin 3-O-galactoside, trifolin, isorhamnetin, quercetin and kaempferol), four aromatics (4-methoxy benzaldehyde, scopoletin, indole-3-acrylic acid and 2,4-quinolinediol), three phenolics (p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and phloretin) and two terpenoids (pulegone and caryophyllene oxide). Thus, our study indicates that A. indica aqueous extract is a good source of metabolites with the potential to act as a biocontrol agent against the marine parasitic leech in aquaculture.
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14
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Ma CI, Tirtorahardjo JA, Jan S, Schweizer SS, Rosario SAC, Du Y, Zhang JJ, Morrissette NS, Andrade RM. Auranofin Resistance in Toxoplasma gondii Decreases the Accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species but Does Not Target Parasite Thioredoxin Reductase. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:618994. [PMID: 33816332 PMCID: PMC8017268 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.618994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Auranofin, a reprofiled FDA-approved drug originally designed to treat rheumatoid arthritis, has emerged as a promising anti-parasitic drug. It induces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in parasites, including Toxoplasma gondii. We generated auranofin resistant T. gondii lines through chemical mutagenesis to identify the molecular target of this drug. Resistant clones were confirmed with a competition assay using wild-type T. gondii expressing yellow fluorescence protein (YFP) as a reference strain. The predicted auranofin target, thioredoxin reductase, was not mutated in any of our resistant lines. Subsequent whole genomic sequencing analysis (WGS) did not reveal a consensus resistance locus, although many have point mutations in genes encoding redox-relevant proteins such as superoxide dismutase (TgSOD2) and ribonucleotide reductase. We investigated the SOD2 L201P mutation and found that it was not sufficient to confer resistance when introduced into wild-type parasites. Resistant clones accumulated less ROS than their wild type counterparts. Our results demonstrate that resistance to auranofin in T. gondii enhances its ability to abate oxidative stress through diverse mechanisms. This evidence supports a hypothesized mechanism of auranofin anti-parasitic activity as disruption of redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher I. Ma
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - James A. Tirtorahardjo
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Sharon Jan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Sakura S. Schweizer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Shawn A. C. Rosario
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Yanmiao Du
- School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jerry J. Zhang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Naomi S. Morrissette
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Rosa M. Andrade
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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15
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Andreassend SK, Bentley SJ, Blatch GL, Boshoff A, Keyzers RA. Screening for Small Molecule Modulators of Trypanosoma brucei Hsp70 Chaperone Activity Based upon Alcyonarian Coral-Derived Natural Products. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E81. [PMID: 32012664 DOI: 10.3390/md18020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Trypanosoma brucei Hsp70/J-protein machinery plays an essential role in survival, differentiation, and pathogenesis of the protozoan parasite, and is an emerging target against African Trypanosomiasis. This study evaluated a set of small molecules, inspired by the malonganenones and nuttingins, as modulators of the chaperone activity of the cytosolic heat inducible T. brucei Hsp70 and constitutive TbHsp70.4 proteins. The compounds were assessed for cytotoxicity on both the bloodstream form of T. b. brucei parasites and a mammalian cell line. The compounds were then investigated for their modulatory effect on the aggregation suppression and ATPase activities of the TbHsp70 proteins. A structure-activity relationship for the malonganenone-class of alkaloids is proposed based upon these results.
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16
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Abstract
Introduction: Fragment-based drug discovery can identify relatively simple compounds with low binding affinity due to fewer binding interactions with protein targets. FBDD reduces the library size and provides simpler starting points for subsequent chemical optimization of initial hits. A much greater proportion of chemical space can be sampled in fragment-based screening compared to larger molecules with typical molecular weights (MWs) of 250-500 g mol-1 used in high-throughput screening (HTS) libraries. Areas covered: The authors cover the role of natural products in fragment-based drug discovery against parasitic disease targets. They review the approaches to develop fragment-based libraries either using natural products or natural product-like compounds. The authors present approaches to fragment-based drug discovery against parasitic diseases and compare these libraries with the 3D attributes of natural products. Expert opinion: To effectively use the three-dimensional properties and the chemical diversity of natural products in fragment-based drug discovery against parasitic diseases, there needs to be a mind-shift. Library design, in the medicinal chemistry area, has acknowledged that escaping flat-land is very important to increase the chances of clinical success. Attempts to increase sp3 richness in fragment libraries are acknowledged. Sufficient low molecular weight natural products are known to create true natural product fragment libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Ronald J Quinn
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University , Brisbane , Australia
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17
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Turner DN, Just J, Dasari R, Smith JA, Bissember AC, Kornienko A, Rogelj S. Activity of natural and synthetic polygodial derivatives against Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes, trypomastigotes and epimastigotes. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:792-795. [PMID: 31032640 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1597350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Our laboratories have been investigating biological effects of a sesquiterpenoid polygodial and its natural and synthetic analogues. Herein, we report the evaluation of these compounds against the three forms of Trypanosoma cruzi, amastigotes, trypomastigotes and epimastigotes. Although polygodial was found to be poorly active, its natural congener epipolygodial and synthetic Wittig-derived analogues showed low micromolar potency against all three forms of the parasite. Synthetic α,β-unsaturated phosphonate 9 compared favorably with clinically approved drugs benznidazole and nifurtimox, and was effective against trypomastigotes, toward which benznidazole showed no activity.[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeremy Just
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
| | - Jason A Smith
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Alex C Bissember
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
| | - Snezna Rogelj
- Department of Biology, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, New Mexico, USA
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18
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Santos JD, Vitorino I, De la Cruz M, Díaz C, Cautain B, Annang F, Pérez-Moreno G, Gonzalez Martinez I, Tormo JR, Martín JM, Urbatzka R, Vicente FM, Lage OM. Bioactivities and Extract Dereplication of Actinomycetales Isolated From Marine Sponges. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:727. [PMID: 31024503 PMCID: PMC6467163 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the beginning of the twenty-first century, humanity faces great challenges regarding diseases and health-related quality of life. A drastic rise in bacterial antibiotic resistance, in the number of cancer patients, in the obesity epidemics and in chronic diseases due to life expectation extension are some of these challenges. The discovery of novel therapeutics is fundamental and it may come from underexplored environments, like marine habitats, and microbial origin. Actinobacteria are well-known as treasure chests for the discovery of novel natural compounds. In this study, eighteen Actinomycetales isolated from marine sponges of three Erylus genera collected in Portuguese waters were tested for bioactivities with the main goal of isolating and characterizing the responsible bioactive metabolites. The screening comprehended antimicrobial, anti-fungal, anti-parasitic, anti-cancer and anti-obesity properties. Fermentations of the selected strains were prepared using ten different culturing media. Several bioactivities against the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and the human liver cancer cell line HepG2 were obtained in small volume cultures. Screening in higher volumes showed consistent anti-fungal activity by strain Dermacoccus sp. #91-17 and Micrococcus luteus Berg02-26. Gordonia sp. Berg02-22.2 showed anti-parasitic (Trypanosoma cruzi) and anti-cancer activity against several cell lines (melanoma A2058, liver HepG2, colon HT29, breast MCF7 and pancreatic MiaPaca). For the anti-obesity assay, Microbacterium foliorum #91-29 and #91-40 induced lipid reduction on the larvae of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Dereplication of the extracts from several bacteria showed the existence of a variety of secondary metabolites, with some undiscovered molecules. This work showed that Actinomycetales are indeed good candidates for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- José D Santos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Inês Vitorino
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Mercedes De la Cruz
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Caridad Díaz
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Bastien Cautain
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Frederick Annang
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Guiomar Pérez-Moreno
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina "López-Neyra", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Ignacio Gonzalez Martinez
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose R Tormo
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús M Martín
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Ralph Urbatzka
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Francisca M Vicente
- Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Olga M Lage
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
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19
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Basnet BB, Liu L, Bao L, Liu H. Current and future perspective on antimicrobial and anti-parasitic activities of Ganoderma sp.: an update. Mycology 2017; 8:111-124. [PMID: 30123634 PMCID: PMC6059132 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2017.1324529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal mushroom Ganoderma sp. is considered to be a key source for the production of therapeutic agents. Our current review indicates that a limited number (<19%; 79 out of >430) of isolated compounds have been tested and known to be active against several microorganisms and parasites. In this review, we aim to summarise all the antimicrobial and anti-parasitic works on Ganoderma sp. displayed on web of science, google scholar and endnote X7 from 1932 to August 2016. We further present and discuss the structure of active compounds against microorganisms and parasites. In addition, we also discuss the possible further research to identify lead compounds from Ganoderma sp. as a novel strategy to combat the potential global emergence of bad bugs and parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buddha Bahadur Basnet
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,International College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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20
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Alfred MG, Nkazimulo MB, Vuyisile MM, Tagumirwa MC. ASIATIC ACID INFLUENCES GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS IN P. BERGHEI MURINE MALARIA INFECTED SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2016; 13:91-101. [PMID: 28487899 PMCID: PMC5416651 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v13i5.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Glucose homeostasis derangement is a common pathophysiology of malaria whose aetiology is still controversial. The Plasmodium parasite, immunological and inflammatory responses, as well as chemotherapeutics currently used cause hypoglycaemia in malaria. Anti-parasitic and anti-disease drugs are required to combat malaria while ameliorating the pathophysiology of the infection. Asiatic acid has anti-hyperglycaemic, antioxidant, pro-oxidant properties useful in glucose homeostasis but its influence in malaria is yet to be reported. Here we present findings on the influence of asiatic acid on glucose metabolism in vivo using P. berghei-infected Sprague Dawley rats. Materials and Methods: Acute as well as sub-chronic studies were carried out in vivo where physicochemical properties and glucose homeostasis were monitored after administration of asiatic acid (10mg/kg) in both non-infected and infected animals. Glucose metabolism associated biochemical changes in malaria were also investigated. Results: In acute studies, asiatic acid improved oral glucose response while in the sub-chronic state it maintained food and water intake and suppressed parasitaemia. Normoglycaemic control was maintained in infected animals through insulin suppression and increasing glucagon secretion, in both acute and chronic studies. Asiatic acid administration curtailed lactate concentration towards normal. Conclusion: Per oral post-infection asiatic acid administration preserved drinking and eating habits, inhibited sickness behaviour while suppressing parasitaemia. Reciprocal relationship between insulin and glucagon concentrations was maintained influencing glucose homeostasis positively and inhibition of hyperlactaemia in malaria. Abbreviations: ip -intraperitoneal, po -per oral, ig -intragastric, AA-Asciatic acid, OGTT-oral glucose tolerance test, OS-oxidative stress, ROS-reactive oxygen species, NO-nitric oxide, ONOO- - peroxynitrite, BRU-Biomedical Research Unit, SD-Sprague Dawley,
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Affiliation(s)
- Mavondo Greanious Alfred
- Discipline of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Mkhwananzi Blessing Nkazimulo
- Discipline of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Mabandla Musa Vuyisile
- Discipline of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Musabayane Cephas Tagumirwa
- Discipline of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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Isah MB, Ibrahim MA, Mohammed A, Aliyu AB, Masola B, Coetzer TH. A systematic review of pentacyclic triterpenes and their derivatives as chemotherapeutic agents against tropical parasitic diseases. Parasitology 2016; 143:1219-31. [PMID: 27240847 DOI: 10.1017/S0031182016000718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic infections are among the leading global public health problems with very high economic and mortality burdens. Unfortunately, the available treatment drugs are beset with side effects and continuous parasite drug resistance is being reported. However, new findings reveal more promising compounds especially of plant origin. Among the promising leads are the pentacyclic triterpenes (PTs) made up of the oleanane, ursane, taraxastane, lupane and hopane types. This paper reviews the literature published from 1985 to date on the in vitro and in vivo anti-parasitic potency of this class of phytochemicals. Of the 191 natural and synthetic PT reported, 85 have shown high anti-parasitic activity against various species belonging to the genera of Plasmodium, Leishmania, Trypanosoma, as well as various genera of Nematoda. Moreover, structural modification especially at carbon 3 (C3) and C27 of the parent backbone of PT has led to improved anti-parasitic activity in some cases and loss of activity in others. The potential of this group of compounds as future alternatives in the treatment of parasitic diseases is discussed. It is hoped that the information presented herein will contribute to the full exploration of this promising group of compounds as possible drugs for parasitic diseases.
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Lacerda AF, Pelegrini PB, de Oliveira DM, Vasconcelos ÉAR, Grossi-de-Sá MF. Anti-parasitic Peptides from Arthropods and their Application in Drug Therapy. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:91. [PMID: 26903970 PMCID: PMC4742531 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Africa, Asia, and Latin America are regions highly affected by endemic diseases, such as Leishmaniasis, Malaria, and Chagas' disease. They are responsible for the death of 1000s of patients every year, as there is not yet a cure for them and the drugs used are inefficient against the pathogenic parasites. During the life cycle of some parasitic protozoa, insects become the most important host and disseminator of the diseases triggered by these microorganisms. As infected insects do not develop nocive symptoms, they can carry the parasites for long time inside their body, enabling their multiplication and life cycle completion. Eventually, parasites infect human beings after insect's transmission through their saliva and/or feces. Hence, host insects and general arthropods, which developed a way to coexist with such parasites, are a promising source for the prospection of anti-parasitic compounds, as alternative methods for the treatment of protozoa-related diseases. Among the molecules already isolated and investigated, there are proteins and peptides with high activity against parasites, able to inhibit parasite activity in different stages of development. Although, studies are still taking their first steps, initial results show new perspectives on the treatment of parasitic diseases. Therefore, in this report, we describe about peptides from host insect sources with activity against the three most endemic parasites: Leishmania sp., Plasmodium sp., and Trypanosomes. Moreover, we discuss the future application insect peptides as anti-parasitic drugs and the use of non-hosts insect transcriptomes on the prospection of novel molecules for the treatment of parasitic neglected diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane F. Lacerda
- Plant-Pest Interaction Laboratory, PBI, Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brazilian Agriculture Research CorporationBrasilia, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do NorteNatal, Brazil
| | - Patrícia B. Pelegrini
- Plant-Pest Interaction Laboratory, PBI, Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brazilian Agriculture Research CorporationBrasilia, Brazil
| | - Daiane M. de Oliveira
- Plant-Pest Interaction Laboratory, PBI, Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brazilian Agriculture Research CorporationBrasilia, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of BrasiliaBrasilia, Brazil
| | - Érico A. R. Vasconcelos
- Plant-Pest Interaction Laboratory, PBI, Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brazilian Agriculture Research CorporationBrasilia, Brazil
- Department of Health Sciences, Integrated College of Educational Union’s Central PlateauGama, Brazil
| | - Maria F. Grossi-de-Sá
- Plant-Pest Interaction Laboratory, PBI, Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brazilian Agriculture Research CorporationBrasilia, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do NorteNatal, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of BrasiliaBrasilia, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Genomics Science and Biotechnology, Catholic University of BrasiliaBrasilia, Brazil
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Abdelmohsen UR, Pimentel-Elardo SM, Hanora A, Radwan M, Abou-El-Ela SH, Ahmed S, Hentschel U. Isolation, phylogenetic analysis and anti-infective activity screening of marine sponge-associated actinomycetes. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:399-412. [PMID: 20411105 PMCID: PMC2857355 DOI: 10.3390/md8030399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial actinomycetes are noteworthy producers of a multitude of antibiotics, however the marine representatives are much less studied in this regard. In this study, 90 actinomycetes were isolated from 11 different species of marine sponges that had been collected from offshore Ras Mohamed (Egypt) and from Rovinj (Croatia). Phylogenetic characterization of the isolates based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing supported their assignment to 18 different actinomycete genera representing seven different suborders. Fourteen putatively novel species were identified based on sequence similarity values below 98.2% to other strains in the NCBI database. A putative new genus related to Rubrobacter was isolated on M1 agar that had been amended with sponge extract, thus highlighting the need for innovative cultivation protocols. Testing for anti-infective activities was performed against clinically relevant, Gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, fungi (Candida albicans) and human parasites (Leishmania major, Trypanosoma brucei). Bioactivities against these pathogens were documented for 10 actinomycete isolates. These results show a high diversity of actinomycetes associated with marine sponges as well as highlight their potential to produce anti-infective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 3, 97082 Würzburg, Germany; E-Mail:
(S.M.P.-E.);
(U.R.A.)
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Sheila M. Pimentel-Elardo
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 3, 97082 Würzburg, Germany; E-Mail:
(S.M.P.-E.);
(U.R.A.)
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Amro Hanora
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; E-Mail:
| | - Mona Radwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; E-Mails:
(M.R.);
(S.H.A.-E.-E.)
| | - Soad H. Abou-El-Ela
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; E-Mails:
(M.R.);
(S.H.A.-E.-E.)
| | - Safwat Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; E-Mail:
| | - Ute Hentschel
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 3, 97082 Würzburg, Germany; E-Mail:
(S.M.P.-E.);
(U.R.A.)
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- *Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
; Tel.: 0049-931-31-82581; Fax: 0049-931-31-86235
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Pimentel-Elardo SM, Kozytska S, Bugni TS, Ireland CM, Moll H, Hentschel U. Anti-parasitic compounds from Streptomyces sp. strains isolated from Mediterranean sponges. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:373-80. [PMID: 20390111 DOI: 10.3390/md8020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2009] [Revised: 02/02/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinomycetes are prolific producers of pharmacologically important compounds accounting for about 70% of the naturally derived antibiotics that are currently in clinical use. In this study, we report on the isolation of Streptomyces sp. strains from Mediterranean sponges, on their secondary metabolite production and on their screening for anti-infective activities. Bioassay-guided isolation and purification yielded three previously known compounds namely, cyclic depsipeptide valinomycin, indolocarbazole alkaloid staurosporine and butenolide. This is the first report of the isolation of valinomycin from a marine source. These compounds exhibited novel anti-parasitic activities specifically against Leishmania major (valinomycin IC50 < 0.11 μM; staurosporine IC50 5.30 μM) and Trypanosoma brucei brucei (valinomycin IC50 0.0032 μM; staurosporine IC50 0.022 μM; butenolide IC50 31.77 μM). These results underscore the potential of marine actinomycetes to produce bioactive compounds as well as the re-evaluation of previously known compounds for novel anti-infective activities.
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