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Iwabuchi K, Satoh M, Yoshino K, Ishimori N. Recent advances regarding the potential roles of invariant natural killer T cells in cardiovascular diseases with immunological and inflammatory backgrounds. Int Immunol 2024:dxae019. [PMID: 38557824 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, which bear αβ-type T cell antigen-receptors, recognize glycolipid antigens in a cluster of differentiation 1d (CD1d)-restricted manner. Regarding these cells, the unique modes of thymic selection and maturation elucidate innateness, irrespective of them also being members of the adaptive immune system as a T cell. iNKT cells develop and differentiate into NKT1 [interferon γ (IFN-γγ-producing], NKT2 [interleukin 4 (IL-4)/IL-13-producing], or NKT17 (IL-17-producing) subsets in the thymus. After egress, NKT10 (IL-10-producing), follicular helper NKT (NKTfh; IL-21-producing), and regulatory NKT (NKTreg) subsets emerge following stimulation in the periphery. Moreover, iNKT cells have been shown to possess several physiological or pathological roles. iNKT cells exhibit dual alleviating or aggravating roles in experimentally induced immune and/or inflammatory diseases in mice. These findings indicate that the modulation of iNKT cells can be employed for therapeutic use or prevention of human diseases. In this review, we discuss the potential roles of iNKT cells in the development of immune/inflammatory diseases of the cardiovascular system, with emphasis on atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysms, and cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masashi Satoh
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yoshino
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Naoki Ishimori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0638, Japan
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2
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Liu J, Joseph S, Manohar K, Lee J, Brokaw JP, Shelley WC, Markel TA. Role of innate T cells in necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1357483. [PMID: 38390341 PMCID: PMC10881895 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1357483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a destructive gastrointestinal disease primarily affecting preterm babies. Despite advancements in neonatal care, NEC remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units worldwide and the etiology of NEC is still unclear. Risk factors for NEC include prematurity, very low birth weight, feeding with formula, intestinal dysbiosis and bacterial infection. A review of the literature would suggest that supplementation of prebiotics and probiotics prevents NEC by altering the immune responses. Innate T cells, a highly conserved subpopulation of T cells that responds quickly to stimulation, develops differently from conventional T cells in neonates. This review aims to provide a succinct overview of innate T cells in neonates, encompassing their phenotypic characteristics, functional roles, likely involvement in the pathogenesis of NEC, and potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Sharon Joseph
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Krishna Manohar
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jasmine Lee
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - John P. Brokaw
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - W. Christopher Shelley
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Troy A. Markel
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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3
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Imahashi N, Satoh M, Clemente E, Yoshino K, Di Gioacchino M, Iwabuchi K. MR1 deficiency enhances IL-17-mediated allergic contact dermatitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1215478. [PMID: 37409131 PMCID: PMC10319069 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1215478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ib molecules present antigens to subsets of T cells primarily involved in host defense against pathogenic microbes and influence the development of immune-mediated diseases. The MHC class Ib molecule MHC-related protein 1 (MR1) functions as a platform to select MR1-restricted T cells, including mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in the thymus, and presents ligands to them in the periphery. MAIT cells constitute an innate-like T-cell subset that recognizes microbial vitamin B2 metabolites and plays a defensive role against microbes. In this study, we investigated the function of MR1 in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) by examining wild-type (WT) and MR1-deficient (MR1-/-) mice in which ACD was induced with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB). MR1-/- mice exhibited exaggerated ACD lesions compared with WT mice. More neutrophils were recruited in the lesions in MR1-/- mice than in WT mice. WT mice contained fewer MAIT cells in their skin lesions following elicitation with DNFB, and MR1-/- mice lacking MAIT cells exhibited a significant increase in IL-17-producing αβ and γδ T cells in the skin. Collectively, MR1-/- mice displayed exacerbated ACD from an early phase with an enhanced type 3 immune response, although the precise mechanism of this enhancement remains elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Imahashi
- Program in Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masashi Satoh
- Program in Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Emanuela Clemente
- Program in Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chiete, Italy
| | - Kazuhisa Yoshino
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Mario Di Gioacchino
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chiete, Italy
- Institute of Clinical Immunotherapy and Advanced Biological Treatments, Pescara, Italy
| | - Kazuya Iwabuchi
- Program in Cellular Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
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4
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Correia MP, Stojanovic A, Wels WS, Cerwenka A. Innate-like NKp30 +CD8 + T cells armed with TCR/CAR target tumor heterogeneity. Oncoimmunology 2022; 10:1973783. [PMID: 35036073 PMCID: PMC8758178 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1973783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral heterogeneity is frequently associated with tumor immune escape, with MHC-class I and antigen expression loss rendering tumor cells invisible to T cell killing, representing a major challenge for the design of successful adoptive transfer protocols for cancer immunotherapy. While CD8+ T cell recognition of tumor cells is based on the detection of MHC-peptide complexes via specific T cell receptors (TCRs), Natural Killer (NK) cells detect tumor-associated NK ligands by an array of NK receptors. We have recently identified a population of innate-like CD8+ T cells marked by the expression of NKp30, a potent natural cytotoxicity activating NK receptor, whose tumor ligand, B7H6, is frequently upregulated on several cancer types. Here, we harnessed the dual-recognition potential of NKp30+CD8+ T cells, by arming these cells with TCRs or chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (ErbB2, or HER2), a tumor-associated target overexpressed in several malignancies. HER2-specific NKp30+CD8+ T cells killed not only HER2-expressing target cell lines, but also eliminated tumor cells in the absence of MHC-class I or antigen expression, making them especially effective in eliminating heterogeneous tumor cell populations. Our results show that NKp30+CD8+ T cells equipped with a specific TCR or CAR display a dual capacity to recognize and kill target cells, combining the anti-tumor activity of both CD8+ T and NK cells. This dual-recognition capacity allows these effector cells to target tumor heterogeneity, thus improving therapeutic strategies against tumor escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margareta P Correia
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Stojanovic
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Winfried S Wels
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Frankfurt, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Adelheid Cerwenka
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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5
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Baranek T, Lebrigand K, de Amat Herbozo C, Gonzalez L, Bogard G, Dietrich C, Magnone V, Boisseau C, Jouan Y, Trottein F, Si-Tahar M, Leite-de-Moraes M, Mallevaey T, Paget C. High Dimensional Single-Cell Analysis Reveals iNKT Cell Developmental Trajectories and Effector Fate Decision. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108116. [PMID: 32905761 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CD1d-restricted invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells represent a unique class of T lymphocytes endowed with potent regulatory and effector immune functions. Although these functions are acquired during thymic ontogeny, the sequence of events that gives rise to discrete effector subsets remains unclear. Using an unbiased single-cell transcriptomic analysis combined with functional assays, we reveal an unappreciated diversity among thymic iNKT cells, especially among iNKT1 cells. Mathematical modeling and biological methods unravel a developmental map whereby iNKT2 cells constitute a transient branching point toward the generation of iNKT1 and iNKT17 cells, which reconciles the two previously proposed models. In addition, we identify the transcription co-factor Four-and-a-half LIM domains protein 2 (FHL2) as a critical cell-intrinsic regulator of iNKT1 specification. Thus, these data illustrate the changing transcriptional network that guides iNKT cell effector fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Baranek
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France; Université de Tours, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Tours, France.
| | - Kevin Lebrigand
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | | | - Loïc Gonzalez
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France; Université de Tours, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Gemma Bogard
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France; Université de Tours, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Céline Dietrich
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Immunopathology, INEM (Institut Necker-Enfants Malades), CNRS UMR8253 and INSERM UMR1151, Paris, France
| | | | - Chloé Boisseau
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France; Université de Tours, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Youenn Jouan
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France; Université de Tours, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Tours, France; Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, Tours, France
| | - François Trottein
- Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Inserm U1019, CNRS UMR 9017, University of Lille, CHU Lille- Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Mustapha Si-Tahar
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France; Université de Tours, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Maria Leite-de-Moraes
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Immunopathology, INEM (Institut Necker-Enfants Malades), CNRS UMR8253 and INSERM UMR1151, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Mallevaey
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Christophe Paget
- INSERM, Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires (CEPR), UMR 1100, Tours, France; Université de Tours, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Tours, France.
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6
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Swarbrick GM, Gela A, Cansler ME, Null MD, Duncan RB, Nemes E, Shey M, Nsereko M, Mayanja-Kizza H, Kiguli S, Koh J, Hanekom WA, Hatherill M, Lancioni C, Lewinsohn DM, Scriba TJ, Lewinsohn DA. Postnatal Expansion, Maturation, and Functionality of MR1T Cells in Humans. Front Immunol 2020; 11:556695. [PMID: 33042140 PMCID: PMC7524872 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.556695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MR1-restricted T (MR1T) cells are defined by their recognition of metabolite antigens presented by the monomorphic MHC class 1-related molecule, MR1, the most highly conserved MHC class I related molecule in mammalian species. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are the predominant subset of MR1T cells expressing an invariant TCR α-chain, TRAV1-2. These cells comprise a T cell subset that recognizes and mediates host immune responses to a broad array of microbial pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here, we sought to characterize development of circulating human MR1T cells as defined by MR1-5-OP-RU tetramer labeling and of the TRAV1-2+ MAIT cells defined by expression of TRAV1-2 and high expression of CD26 and CD161 (TRAV1-2+CD161++CD26++ cells). We analyzed postnatal expansion, maturation, and functionality of peripheral blood MR1-5-OP-RU tetramer+ MR1T cells in cohorts from three different geographic settings with different tuberculosis (TB) vaccination practices, levels of exposure to and infection with M. tuberculosis. Early after birth, frequencies of MR1-5-OP-RU tetramer+ MR1T cells increased rapidly by several fold. This coincided with the transition from a predominantly CD4+ and TRAV1-2- population in neonates, to a predominantly TRAV1-2+CD161++CD26++ CD8+ population. We also observed that tetramer+ MR1T cells that expressed TNF upon mycobacterial stimulation were very low in neonates, but increased ~10-fold in the first year of life. These functional MR1T cells in all age groups were MR1-5-OP-RU tetramer+TRAV1-2+ and highly expressed CD161 and CD26, markers that appeared to signal phenotypic and functional maturation of this cell subset. This age-associated maturation was also marked by the loss of naïve T cell markers on tetramer+ TRAV1-2+ MR1T cells more rapidly than tetramer+TRAV1-2- MR1T cells and non-MR1T cells. These data suggest that neonates have infrequent populations of MR1T cells with diverse phenotypic attributes; and that exposure to the environment rapidly and preferentially expands the MR1-5-OP-RU tetramer+TRAV1-2+ population of MR1T cells, which becomes the predominant population of functional MR1T cells early during childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn M. Swarbrick
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Portland Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Anele Gela
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Meghan E. Cansler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Megan D. Null
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Rowan B. Duncan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Elisa Nemes
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Muki Shey
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine & Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mary Nsereko
- Uganda-CWRU Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Harriet Mayanja-Kizza
- Uganda-CWRU Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sarah Kiguli
- Uganda-CWRU Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Paediatrics, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jeffrey Koh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Willem A. Hanekom
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark Hatherill
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Christina Lancioni
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - David M. Lewinsohn
- Portland Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Portland, OR, United States
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Thomas J. Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Deborah A. Lewinsohn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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7
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Abstract
The T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires of γδ T cells are very different to those of αβ T cells. While the theoretical TCR repertoire diversity of γδ T cells is estimated to exceed the diversity of αβ T cells by far, γδ T cells are still understood as more invariant T cells that only use a limited set of γδ TCRs. Most of our current knowledge of human γδ T cell receptor diversity builds on specific monoclonal antibodies that discriminate between the two major subsets, namely Vδ2+ and Vδ1+ T cells. Of those two subsets, Vδ2+ T cells seem to better fit into a role of innate T cells with semi-invariant TCR usage, as compared to an adaptive-like biology of some Vδ1+ subsets. Yet, this distinction into innate-like Vδ2+ and adaptive-like Vδ1+ γδ T cells does not quite recapitulate the full diversity of γδ T cell subsets, ligands and interaction modes. Here, we review how the recent introduction of high-throughput TCR repertoire sequencing has boosted our knowledge of γδ T cell repertoire diversity beyond Vδ2+ and Vδ1+ T cells. We discuss the current understanding of clonal composition and the dynamics of human γδ TCR repertoires in health and disease.
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8
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Bánki Z, Krabbendam L, Klaver D, Leng T, Kruis S, Mehta H, Müllauer B, Orth-Höller D, Stoiber H, Willberg CB, Klenerman P. Antibody opsonization enhances MAIT cell responsiveness to bacteria via a TNF-dependent mechanism. Immunol Cell Biol 2019; 97:538-551. [PMID: 30695101 PMCID: PMC6767153 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an abundant human T-cell subset with antimicrobial properties. They can respond to bacteria presented via antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages, which present bacterially derived ligands from the riboflavin synthesis pathway on MR1. Moreover, MAIT cells are also highly responsive to cytokines which enhance and even substitute for T-cell receptor-mediated signaling. The mechanisms leading to an efficient presentation of bacteria to MAIT cells by APCs have not been fully elucidated. Here, we showed that the monocytic cell line THP-1 and B cells activated MAIT cells differentially in response to Escherichia coli. THP-1 cells were generally more potent in inducing IFNγ and IFNγ/TNF production by MAIT cells. Furthermore, THP-1, but not B, cells produced TNF upon bacterial stimulation, which in turn supported IFNγ production by MAIT cells. Finally, we addressed the role of antibody-dependent opsonization of bacteria in the activation of MAIT cells using in vitro models. We found that opsonization had a substantial impact on downstream MAIT cell activation by monocytes. This was associated with enhanced activation of monocytes and increased TNF release. Importantly, this TNF acted in concert with other cytokines to drive MAIT cell activation. These data indicate both a significant interaction between adaptive and innate immunity in the response to bacteria, and an important role for TNF in MAIT cell triggering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Bánki
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lisette Krabbendam
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dominik Klaver
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tianqi Leng
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon Kruis
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hema Mehta
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Brigitte Müllauer
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dorothea Orth-Höller
- Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heribert Stoiber
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Paul Klenerman
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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9
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Luukkainen A, Puan KJ, Yusof N, Lee B, Tan KS, Liu J, Yan Y, Toppila-Salmi S, Renkonen R, Chow VT, Rotzschke O, Wang DY. A Co-culture Model of PBMC and Stem Cell Derived Human Nasal Epithelium Reveals Rapid Activation of NK and Innate T Cells Upon Influenza A Virus Infection of the Nasal Epithelium. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2514. [PMID: 30467502 PMCID: PMC6237251 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We established an in vitro co-culture model involving H3N2-infection of human nasal epithelium with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to investigate their cross-talk during early H3N2 infection. Methods: Nasal epithelium was differentiated from human nasal epithelial stem/progenitor cells and cultured wtih fresh human PBMC. PBMC and supernatants were harvested after 24 and 48 h of co-culture with H3N2-infected nasal epithelium. We used flow cytometry and Luminex to characterize PBMC subpopulations, their activation and secretion of cytokine and chemokines. Results: H3N2 infection of the nasal epithelium associated with significant increase in interferons (IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-29), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, BDNF, IL-3) and viral-associated chemokines (IP-10, MCP-3, I-TAC, MIG), detectable already after 24 h. This translates into rapid activation of monocytes, NK-cells and innate T-cells (MAIT and γδ T cells), evident with CD38+ and/or CD69+ upregulation. Conclusions: This system may contribute to in vitro mechanistic immunological studies bridging systemic models and possibly enable the development of targeted immunomodulatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Luukkainen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kia Joo Puan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nurhashikin Yusof
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bernett Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai Sen Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sanna Toppila-Salmi
- Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Skin and Allergy Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto Renkonen
- Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vincent T Chow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Olaf Rotzschke
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), ASTAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - De Yun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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10
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Abstract
The liver is one of the most important immunological organs that remains tolerogenic in homeostasis yet promotes rapid responses to pathogens in the presence of a systemic infection. The composition of leucocytes in the liver is highly distinct from that of the blood and other lymphoid organs, particularly with respect to enrichment of innate T cells, i.e., invariant NKT cells (iNKT cells) and Mucosal-Associated Invariant T cells (MAIT cells). In recent years, studies have revealed insights into their biology and potential roles in maintaining the immune-environment in the liver. As the primary liver-resident immune cells, they are emerging as significant players in the human immune system and are associated with an increasing number of clinical diseases. As such, innate T cells are promising targets for modifying host defense and inflammation of various liver diseases, including viral, autoimmune, and those of tumor origin. In this review, we emphasize and discuss some of the recent discoveries and advances in the biology of innate T cells, their recruitment and diversity in the liver, and their role in various liver diseases, postulating on their potential application in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Huang
- Organ Transplantation Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing He
- Organ Transplantation Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Shi
- Organ Transplantation Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshun He
- Organ Transplantation Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lang Dou
- Organ Transplantation Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifang Gao
- Organ Transplantation Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Rouxel O, Lehuen A. Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in autoimmune and immune-mediated diseases. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 96:618-629. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Rouxel
- INSERM U1016; Institut Cochin; Paris France
- Université Paris Descartes; Paris France
- CNRS; UMR8104; Paris France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX; Sorbonne Paris Cité France
| | - Agnès Lehuen
- INSERM U1016; Institut Cochin; Paris France
- Université Paris Descartes; Paris France
- CNRS; UMR8104; Paris France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX; Sorbonne Paris Cité France
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12
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Verma A, Gaffen SL, Swidergall M. Innate Immunity to Mucosal Candida Infections. J Fungi (Basel) 2017; 3:E60. [PMID: 29371576 DOI: 10.3390/jof3040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal epithelial tissues are exposed to high numbers of microbes, including commensal fungi, and are able to distinguish between those that are avirulent and those that cause disease. Epithelial cells have evolved multiple mechanisms to defend against colonization and invasion by Candida species. The interplay between mucosal epithelial tissues and immune cells is key for control and clearance of fungal infections. Our understanding of the mucosal innate host defense system has expanded recently with new studies bringing to light the importance of epithelial cell responses, innate T cells, neutrophils, and other phagocytes during Candida infections. Epithelial tissues release cytokines, host defense peptides, and alarmins during Candida invasion that act in concert to limit fungal proliferation and recruit immune effector cells. The innate T cell/IL-17 axis and recruitment of neutrophils are of central importance in controlling mucosal fungal infections. Here, we review current knowledge of the innate immunity at sites of mucosal Candida infection, with a focus on infections caused by C. albicans.
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Abstract
A PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nonmammalian comparative animal models are important not only to gain fundamental evolutionary understanding of the complex interactions of tumors with the immune system, but also to better predict the applicability of novel immunotherapeutic approaches to humans. After reviewing recent advances in developing alternative models, we focus on the amphibian Xenopus laevis and its usefulness in deciphering the perplexing roles of MHC class I-like molecules and innate (i)T cells in tumor immunity. B RECENT FINDINGS Experiments using MHC-defined inbred and cloned animals, tumor cell lines, effective reagents, sequenced genomes, and adapted gene editing techniques in Xenopus, have revealed that the critical involvement of class I-like molecules and iT cells in tumor immunity has been conserved during evolution. C SUMMARY Comparative studies with the X. laevis tumor immunity model can contribute to the development of better and more efficient cancer immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Banach
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, USA
| | - Jacques Robert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, USA
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Wingender
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (iBG-izmir), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.,La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Duygu Sag
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (iBG-izmir), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.,La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hoe Park
- Transplantation Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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16
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Abstract
Innate T cells are a heterogeneous group of αβ and γδ T cells that respond rapidly (<2 h) upon activation. These innate T cells also share a non MHC class I or II restriction requirement for antigen recognition. Three major populations within the innate T cell group are recognized, namely, invariant NKT cells, mucosal associated invariant T cells, and gamma delta T cells. These cells recognize foreign/self-lipid presented by non-classical MHC molecules, such as CD1d, MR1, and CD1a. They are activated during the early stages of bacterial infection and act as a bridge between the innate and adaptive immune systems. In this review, we focus on the functional properties of these three innate T cell populations and how they are purposed for antimicrobial defense. Furthermore, we address the mechanisms through which their effector functions are targeted for bacterial control and compare this in human and murine systems. Lastly, we speculate on future roles of these cell types in therapeutic settings such as vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Gao
- Academic Unit of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton and NIHR Cancer Research UK Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre , Southampton , UK
| | - Anthony P Williams
- Academic Unit of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton and NIHR Cancer Research UK Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre , Southampton , UK ; Wessex Investigational Sciences Hub (WISH) Laboratory, Department of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust , Southampton , UK
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17
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Serriari NE, Eoche M, Lamotte L, Lion J, Fumery M, Marcelo P, Chatelain D, Barre A, Nguyen-Khac E, Lantz O, Dupas JL, Treiner E. Innate mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are activated in inflammatory bowel diseases. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 176:266-74. [PMID: 24450998 PMCID: PMC3992039 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterized by a deregulated immune response targeting the gut bacterial flora. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ib-restricted innate-like lymphocytes with anti-bacterial functions. They display an effector/memory phenotype and are found in large numbers in the blood, mucosae and liver. They have also been implicated in inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Therefore, we aimed to analyse the possible involvement of MAIT cells in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). To this end, a phenotypical and functional analysis of MAIT cells isolated from the blood of healthy subjects, CD and UC patients was undertaken. MAIT cells were also quantified in ileal biopsies of CD patients. The frequency of blood MAIT cells was specifically reduced in IBD patients compared with healthy donors, whereas it was dramatically greater in the inflamed versus healthy tissue. MAIT cells were activated as they expressed significantly more the Ki67 antigen, and this was accompanied by phenotypical changes such as increased expression of natural killer (NK)G2D and B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA). Finally, in-vitro-activated MAIT cells from CD and UC patients secreted significantly more interleukin (IL)-17, together with a decreased interferon (IFN)-γ in CD but an increased IL-22 in UC. These data show that MAIT cells are activated in IBD, which results in an increased recruitment towards the inflamed tissues, an altered phenotype and a switch in the pattern of cytokine secretion. This is the first demonstration that MAIT cells are immune players in IBD, whose precise functions in this context need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Eoche
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, CHU AmiensAmiens, France
| | | | - J Lion
- Avenir Inserm UMR925 GroupAmiens, France
| | - M Fumery
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, CHU AmiensAmiens, France
| | | | - D Chatelain
- Pathology Department, CHU AmiensAmiens, France
| | - A Barre
- Avenir Inserm UMR925 GroupAmiens, France
- Immunology Department, CHU AmiensAmiens, France
| | - E Nguyen-Khac
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, CHU AmiensAmiens, France
| | - O Lantz
- Inserm UMR932, Institut CurieParis, France
| | - J-L Dupas
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, CHU AmiensAmiens, France
| | - E Treiner
- Avenir Inserm UMR925 GroupAmiens, France
- Immunology Department, CHU AmiensAmiens, France
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